SECOND FIVE-YEAR PLAN FOR AGRICUTURE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A005400050001-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 20, 2007
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: December 15, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
TWA sMa.I e.abta. talartAt$oa stems tiw Na-
new nnr.. of thw tUattad seta. wtthtn the au.n-
tag of The avicaw LW.. Tttt. it, V.5.C. am. 793
tad 7M, the trtaota/m or r.t.tttlon of which in
any ntoa.r to as unauttarta.d person I. pohth$ted
by law.
SECRET - U.S. OFFICIALS ONLY
COUNTRY East Germany
SUBJECT Second Five Year Plan for
Agriculture
REPORT
DATE DISTR. 15 December 1954
NO: OF PAGES 5
REQUIREMENT NO. RD
THE SOURCE EVACUATIONS IN THIS REPORT ARE DEFINITIVE.
THE APPRAISAL Of CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
(FOR KEY SEE REVERSE)
The following second Five-Year Plan for agriculture has been set-up for East Germany;
1. Areas to be brought under cultivation. (Amounts in thousands of hectares)
19_60
1950: 1955: Proposal I: Proposal II:
Total area under cultivation: 5008.6 5010,0 5025.0 5040.0 25X1
Grain 2711,2 2409.4 2409.4 2409.4
Pulse 163.4 152.0 152.0 152.0 25X1
Oilseed 153.0 149.9 150.0 149.9
Fibrous Plants 30.3 43.0 47.0 43.0
Vegetables 110,8 79.5 70.0 79.5
Sugar Beets 223.6 227.6 227.6 227.6
Potatoes 811.6 870.0 880.0 880.0
Roots for fodder 262,8 343.0 353.0 363,0
Green fodder 452.7 683.9 684.0 683.9
Other field crops 89.2 51.7 52.0 51.7
Permanent Pasture 1289.8 1273,7- 1273.7 1273.7
Cereals 54.7 49.0 48.9 48.7
Leaf crops 45.3 51.0 51.1. 51.3
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. RV
STATE X ARMY NAVY X AIR cc' AEC 5 R
(NOTE: Wodwpfon a,dribali.n i.di..I. by "Vi F5 M Os! Ied.l/ by -*"J
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2. Yields per Hectare: (Amounts presumably in 100 kilograms (Doppelzentner)
1960
193I/ 1946: 1950: 1953: 1955: Proposal I Proposal II
38:
Grain:
Pulse
Oilseed
Sugar Beets
Potatoes
Roots for fodder
Green fodder
Hay from meadows
mown once or more
20.6
13.2
20.7
23.2
26.5/)
28.0
30.0
13.6
9.9
12.2
114.6
15.5
-
5.6
10.7
10.6
15.5
18.0
293.9
203.2
273.1
290.6
310.0
330.0
350.0
172.9
135.3
181.2
167.7
195.0
220.0
230.0
2140.0
273.9
337.6
399.5
14140.0
500.0
500.0
61.1
67.0
75.0
72.0
39.5
38.5
36.2
146.8
52.0
60.0
58.0
,L) incl. pulse
3. Notes on the above-mentioned plans.
a. Area under cultivation.
The fixing of the target for the area under cultivation at 5,025,000 hectares
means that during the course of the second Five-Year-Plan, at least 30,000
hectares of new arable land will halve to be brought under cultivation i,n order
to make up both for the land reseeded to pasture,, in accordance with the deci-
sion of 4 February) and for the land allotted for building purposes, etc.
When making the breakdown for the various districts (Bezirke), the question of
how far permanent pasture can be improved for agricultural exploitation and in
what measure wasteland can be cultivated, and pasture can be broken up*in miner-
Al 9.reas, must be discussed with the water administration authorities. These
tasks must be incorporated in the Agricultural Plan and financed from state
funds.
As regards supplies of seed grain, the target yields can be achieved by means
of planned exchange, and by abetter organization of seed production in the
seed cultivation cooperatives.
In order to increase the yields of barley and summer wheat, the "Yarovization"
process (vernalization) is to be made obligatory. Supplementary pollenization
of all rye fields is to be etcouraged,as well.as the cultivation of tetraploid
rye and high yielding varieties of brewing barley.
The decisive factor in the achievement of planned yields per hectare is, however,
the increase of fertilizer norms, viz: -
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Type of Necessary norm yield capacity attainable in- incr. yield attainable
fertilizer: increase: kg/ha of 1 kg. fertilizer creased yield through incr, yield per
in kilos: through higher fertiliza- hectare
norms: -Dz tion:toial Dz 1950/53:
(Doppelzentner) Dz/ha
N from 20 to 18.0 3.6 4.6 28.4
40 r')
P 205 from 15 to 6.7
30 1/ ) 1.0
According to prof. Roemer., based on 4,400 experiments in the period of 13 years in all
of Germany.
,L ) According to Profs. Roemer and Scheffer, based on the average obtained by L, 918
experiments.
Note: The yield capacity of 1 kg. of fertilizer, as given in this and the following para-
graphs , was obtained under favorable conditions (correct crop rotation, good soil
and plant cultivation, high-grade seeds and plants, and controlled water supply).
c, Oil Seed,
In order to obtain the proposed average yields, the following procedure must be
adopted: -
(i) Reduction'in the cultivation of winter oil crops from 120,000 hectares to
80,000 ha. This will exclude areas where production conditions are poor
(:in' central Germany's dry belt ).
.ii) Complete elimination of summer rape and rapeseed cultivation and reduction
in the cultivation of poppy to an area of 5000 ha.
(iii) The cultivation of the newly grown oil sunflower to be extended to 70,000
ha. Sunflowers are not subject to the cultivation risks threatening other
oil seed (e.g. wintering, attacks by parasites, etc,) For sunflowers, the
yields of 18 - 20 Dz per hectare are, on the average, 4 - 6 Dz/ha higher
than for winter rape
(iv) Increase in fertilizer norms:
Nitrogen: from'60 kg to 100 kg/hectare-
P205 . From 45 kg to 60 kg/hectare,
d. Potatoes:
To increase potato yields the following measures are necessary: -
(i) The central stocks of seed potatoes to be increased to a total of 1 million
tons. To cultivate an area of 900,000 hectares, 2.25 million tons of seed
potatoes are required. The proposed central stock will make it possible to
supply 45% of the annual. requirements with high grade seed potatoes.
(ii) Summer planting for the production of seed potatoes for the farmers' own
requirements within the seed cultivation cooperatives.
(iii) The pulling-up of potato plants in all areas suitable or intended for the
production of seed potatoes for the farmers' own requirements.
(iv) Extension of the square planting process to 30 - 35 % of the area devoted
to eating potatoes,
(v) Increased mechanization.
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e.
Increase in fertilizer norms, as follows: -
Type of fer-
Necessary
Yield capacity Attainable Increased yield
Attain-
tilizer:
norm in-
of 1 kg ferti- increased bhhaigh inoreased
able
crease:
lizer in kilos; yield fertili-
yield
kg/ha
through zation: total
per ha
higher norms: in Dz.
1950/53
----------------
- Dz/ha
Nitrogen
from 40 to
90 4- ) 18.00 25.50
201.10
6o
P205
from 30 to
50 /- ) 7.50
according to Prof. Klapp.
f. Sugar Beets
Achieving the proposed yields is subject tc the following conditions:
(i) that autumn planting is carried out in all areas, and, where necessary, with
the proper breaking up of the subsoil;
(ii) that careful and timely preparation be given to seed beds, and that the
numbP?' of implements be increased;
(iii) that sowing be completed by May 5 on larger areas;
(iv) that careful attention to plants is ensured, e.g. by full mechanization
of the hoeing operations. Increased use of cross-hoeing with the hoeing
attachment.
(v) that efficient measures be adopted to combat parasites, plant diseases
(blight, beetles, dry rot, etc.);
(vi) that fertilizer norms be increased as follows:
Type of fer- Necessary Yield capacity Attainable Increased yield Attain-
tilizer: norm in- of 1 kg ferti- increased through increased able
crease lizer in kilos: yield fertili- yield
kg/ha through zation:total per ha
higher norms: in Dz. 1950/53
---------------- -- Dz 12-p
Nitrogen from 60 to 9o L) 36.00 44.50 328.6
100
P205 from 45 to 57
50
-~ ) according to Prof. Nehring.
g. Root Fodder Crops
8.5
According to the results of experiments, all available seed types are
capable of yields of over 500 Doppelzentner per hectare provided the plants
are carefully tended and adequately fertilized.
The fertilizer'norms are to be increased as follows: -
Type of fer- Necessary Yield Capacity Attainable Increased yield Attain-
tilizer: norm in- of 1 kg fer-IA- increased through increal able
crease lizer in kilos: yield fertili- per ha
kg/ha through zation: total 1950/53
________________________hij&her. norms: inDzDz/ha
Nitrogen from 40 to 200 8o.oo 98.75 471.75
80
P205 from 35 to 125 18.75
50
Ear though the average harvest yields for 1950-53 were only 373 Dz/ha, yields
of over 400 Dz/ha have been achieved in East Germany in recent years, (1953).
Giving due consideration to the conditions demanded by the seed, the planned
quantities of fertilizer will achieve yields of 500 Dz/ha.
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h. Green Fodder
In increasing the proportion of lucerne, clover and clover grass mixtures
from 80 - 90% and increasing the quantity of fertilizer, yields of 75 Dz/ha
are obtainable. In the case of nitrogen, the quantity of 20 kg/ha should be
maintained. The norm for P205 should be increased from 15 kg to 40 kg/ha.
i. Meadow Hay
An average yield of 60 Dz/ha is possible provided that: over 300,000 - 320,000
hectares are drained; 140,000 ha of pasture land are broken up for hay farming
or immediate reseeding, of which 120,000 hectares will and 20,000 hectares will
not require draining; increased scientific treatment is given to problems affecting
agriculture, plant cultivation and farming in marshy areas where 80% of the
land is pastureland; that fertilizer norms are increased as follows: -
Type of fer- Necess
ary
Yield Capacity
Attainable Incr
eased yield
Attainable
tilizer: norm i
n-
of 1 kg ferti-
increased thro
ugh increased
per ha
crease
lizer in kilos:
yield through fertilization:
1950/53:
kg/?
higher norms:_ total in Dz
DzZha _ _ _
Nitrogen from 1
0 to
25-,L)
10.00
17.60
59.60
5
0
P205 from 1
2 to
20 -/-)
7.60
50
4) as per DAL pamphlet (sic) on pasture fertilization)
that increases are made in the allocation of wire, wood and electric fencing
for controlled grazing, in order to increase the number of cattle, which can
be fed on a given acreage.
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