AIR-TO-SEA MISSILE DEVELOPMENT AT NOVOGORSK NEAR MOSCOW

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A005800620001-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 19
• Document Creation Date: December 21, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 7, 2008
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: February 16, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2008/07/07: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA005800620001-2
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY USSR (Moscow Oblast)
SUBJECT Air-to-Sea Missile Development
at Novogorsk near Moscow
DATE OF INFO.
PLACE ACQUIRED
THE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THIS REPORT ARE DEFINITIVE.
THE APPRAISAL Of CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
(FOR KEY SEE REVERSE)
This mstidai oontsins Information aasotlat the Na-
tional Dstllh.s of the Unltsd stst.s within the msam-
Ing of the atplcmap ILw.. fills IR. U..O. SM. 7S3
and IN. the gan.mlr.lom or w"Is tom of which In
any -Ammar to an uncut cet sd psr.on b prohlblt.d
by law.
DATE DISTR. 16 February 1955
NO. OF PAGES 19 25X1
REQUIREMENT NO. RD
(NOTE: Washington distribution indkot.d by "X"; field d"ibs/is by "#"J
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PART II - Report
1. Subject of Report
SECRET
In the Spring of 1047 a group of about 50 Ger~-an engineers were taken by the
Soviets fro,a various internment camps in Eastern Germany to 4SCOW. This group
was given the task of developing theoretically and practically a remote controlled
missile for air launching against sea targets. The report shows the course of the
work up to 14th December, 1951 in a general form. A later report will go into
greater detail.
2. The Conditions
of Ewployment for the German Engineers
Immediately after the end of "II.W. II the Russian Military Administration in
Eastern Geraaq)y set up internment camps, e.g. SACHSEMIAUSEN, BUCHENNIALD, I tiE
BRANDENBURG, L BERG, TORGAU, BAJrZEN, JAMLITZ-LIEBFROSE. In June/July 1945
engineering bureaux and radio workshops were set up. These served the duuble
purpose of providing for the needs of the camp administration and also enabling
the camp authorities to get an idea of the capabilities of the engineers. For
example, in the camp at LANDSBERG A.D. WARM in the Sumer of 1945 an engineering
bureau was set up to which the prisoners had to deliver detailed reports of their
work during the war, especially work on secret German war projects. In the camp
at SACHSENHAUSEN in the Autumn of 194.5 engineers were ordered to write up their
detailed backgrounds with specific instructions not to deal with their political
history. 0nly education and professional experience was of interest to the camp
authorities. By this means lists of people experienced in the fol ing professions
were compiled: physicists, chemists, communication engineers, marengineersy
aircraft constructors. The group of communication engineers dealt with in this
report were assembled in the camp at RAUTZ in ::4reh 1947. In iViay of the same
year a Soviet officer, Colonel IVANO1, informed them that they would be required
to work at RADEBERG in Saxony. At this time it was promised that they would have
an opportunity of corresponding with their families,-also improved conditions were
promised. IVANC' ordered the group to nominate two engineers from their midst as
group leaders, and the following were chosen: Dr. Ing. Christian SORGE and Ing.
Otto-Walter SCFfo=.
Promises made by IWAN0W were not fulfilled and furthermore, the group was
transported on the 4th July, 1947 under very primitive conditions to 1:iOSCOW and
lodged in the BUTYRSA Prison. In this prison the-chosen group leaders had their
first conversations with Col. f'of. KUKSEItiKO and Capt. (later Major) BER A, the
son of the former iv:inister for the Interior and leader of atomic development in
the USSR. These two officers headed the institute in which the group later worked,
and on this first occasion MUKSEi0 and BERIA made themselves familiar with the state
of professional knowledge of the group.
On the 25th September 1947 the group was transferred to a camp at NOVOGORSK,
near LDSCOW. Previously, seven men of the total of thirty-six brought to Russia
had been taken away. Therefore, the group now consisted of twenty-nine maen,
being enlarged in the second half of January 1948 by the addition of twenty-six
wen, who had had a similar recent history to the first group, i.e. they had been
interviewed in camps in Eastern Germany, assembled and brought to Russia. The
combined group now amounted to fifty-five men. On the 10th Deoepnber, 1947, 10
engineers from the first group, i.e. the 2 leaders and 8 so-called section leaders,
were taken to an institute at 228 Leningrader Chaussee, 1,ZSCOR. Here the 2
loaders SORGE and SCIHid.DT were told Tpy KUKSEt3K0 and BERJA of the project on which
the group would be recuired to work. The fact that they would be required to
work on a modern development project caused SORGE and SCiL.WT to reflect
seriously whether or not they would be well advised to refuse to work. It
was, hot;ever, pointed out to theia that refusal to work on this project would
lead to their having to undergo longer imprisonment in Russia under much worse
conditions. Therefore, the 2 group loaders agreed that.4he.group would take
up the task. From then on, the whole group was transported daily from the
camp at NOVOGORSK by bus to work in the institute. At the commencement of the
task representations were made to KUKSEhFKO and BERIA in their respective capacities
of scientific and technical head of the institute and to Colonel KUP8EPOi(, the
disciplinary leader (-V.D.), concerning the promises previously made to the
SECRET
/Germnan
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-2..
German group in BAUT. ' by Colonel IVAI1 , i. e. good con 1.tions and percaission
to correspond with their houses. After these representations
the standard of
,
living was increased soiewhat. They were not allowed to take up correspondence
with their homes on the grounds that this would have an unfavourable influence on
the progress of the work. Permission to correspond was first granted on the
1st April, 1949 at a ti? ie when the main '; ork had been accomplished. The group
then wrote P. o.17. post cards under the Camp No. 7027/4. It is here remarked
that the large P. o, i. Camp KRASNOGORSK-itSCOW used the numbers 7027/1 and 7027/2.
A forest eai4p belonging to KRASNOCORSK used the number 7027/3. It is to be
presumed, therefore, that the postal facilities of the camp at KRASNOGORSK were
used for the group. Post was censored by the Political Officer of the Camp at
NOVOGORSK, Capt. NOYIKOV. This N0Wfl 0V frequently stated that during the war
he had often flown from England in aircraft but not as a crew member. The camp
at NOVOGORSK functioned as a branch of a town prison. The town prison administra-
ting the camp changed several times. At one time it was a children's prison.
In this children's prison, Ing. Hans WITT .;ANN, a former umber of the group,
spent a period of solitary confinement. It is believed that WITT:ANN is nowadays
in prison at NOVOTSCHEVKJISK, Postfach 5110/52. The supervising tav-an prison had
the following personnel at NOVOGORSK: a Camp Commnandant Captain LAD.ANOV, a
Political Officer Captain NOVIKOW, a doctor, guards, and tradesmen such as
tailors, carpenters and cooks. Some of the kitchen personnel were Russian
civil prisvnj~,rs. A fe+.iale doctor made supplementary visits to the camp at
regular intervals. The standard of the food from 25th September 1947, the
day of arrival in NOVOGORSK, was of good calory content but was not palE table.
This camp of NOVOCORSK lay in the valley of the s?aall lake of NOVOGORSK, near
.C.OSC017. The village is often not shown on iaaps but it lies about 8 km west
of the ZSCOW-LENINGRAD road, about 20 kw from the centre of *10SCOV, on high
ground where the L6CO';i -LrJ INGR4D road crosses the railway. The branch road
leading to NO OGORSK lies some 100 ca before the railroad crossitg. The
asphalted and well kept branch road to NOV0GOr;5K goes first through the village
of i,ACHKIN0. In the caup were two buildings in which it was said TROTSM's
father had once had a spinning and dyeing works. The building for the
prisoners is described as follows:-
Dormitory for 55 sae n (3 sc. m. per Tian), 3.6in to 4. m high,
containing normal iron beds with white bed linen. In the
warm part of the year the prisoners were allowed to sleep
on a wood-roofed veranda.
i)iniAe room, approx. 4 m x 6 m, the prisoners dining in two
shifts. Recreation Room, approx. 4a x 5m.
In the iua