THE CHEMISTRY DEPARTMENT AND THE CONSTRUCTION OF TWIN PULSE-JET FIGHTER AT EXPERIMENTAL PLANT NO. 1 IN PODBEREZYE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A006100770001-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 35
• Document Creation Date: December 21, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 18, 2008
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: June 22, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

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V1.,%\VV11 IV/111V1\ V~V-1\-1'-1-L '1'~ll-J? ?L -L
CENTRAL IN.___.__N,._ AGENC REPORT
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY USSR (Kalinin Oblast)
SUBJECT The Chemistry Department and the Construction
ACQUIRED
DATE OF
INFO.
of Twin Pulse-Jet Fighter at Experimental
Plant-No. 1 in Podberezye
1
DATE DISTR. 22 June 1955
NO. OF PAGES 18
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES. WITHIN THE MEANING OF TITLE IS, SECTIONS 783
AND 794, OF THE U. S. CODE, AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR REVEL-
ATION OF ITS CONTENTS TO OR RECEIPT BY AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON
IS PROHIBITED BY LAW THE REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED.
The following corrections should be noted:
a. In paragraph 2, read Ministry of Aviation Industry instead of
Ministry of Aviation, and Ministry of Chemical Industry instead
of Ministry of Chemistry. The same changes should be made in
subsequent paragraphs.
bI Ma paragraph 9, read Lukhovitsy airfield instead of Lukovice.
c. Paragraph 10:
USSR. In 1950
bra gs.beeA a& Air Force Ministry in the
I I" W& the Armed Forces.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
1. The name of Hubert/Emrich has heretofore been received as Hubert
Emmerich.
2. Section 6 h appears to have been garbled in translation.
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CLASSIFI"CA CONFIDENT
REPORT
The Chemistry Department and the Construction of Twin Pulsejet Fighter 25X1
at Ekperimental Plant No 1 in Podberez~Ee
PI ACE OBTAINED
REFERENCES
11
PAGES
REMARKS
~EPARE? 12 January 19
ENCLOSURES (NO. & TYPE)
3 - sketch on ditto,
list on ditto,
chart on ditto
The Chemical Department of Experimental Plant No 1
After the war, OKB II resumed operation under the control of Soviet
Colonel Vlassov (fnu) wit~i Ing Roessing (fnu) as chief designer.
The Soviets requested that a chemistry department for experiments with
rocket fuels be attached. Huber Emrich was delega*ed to establish the
department. He merely pretended to be an expert in the field of rocket
fuels by showing to the Soviets original documents of the B1W Plant
bearing his signature as a department chief. Subsequently it was
learned that Emrich had signed these documents after the fact
instead of the actual department chief, Borovski (fnu) (phonetic
spelling). In order not to be exposed as a swindler, Emrich
consequently planned not to hire any fuel specialists for the
department. Before the German experts were deported from Halle to the
USSR, they did no practical work but tried to familiarize themselves
with this new field. Actual research work was started after their
deportation to the USSR. Primarily the Halle Labor Office had been
in charge of hiring personnel for the Chemical Group. 1
In Halle, Emrich and RoessingT were assigned to Colonel Vlassov.
But Roessing prepared the workorders for the Chemical Department.
This arrangement was suggested by Emrich who feed exposure if he
were subordinated to Roessing directly. 4r!4Nwt Ika^wv
Then Colonel Vlassov returned to the USSR, he said he preferped
work at the Ministry of Aviation to a director's position at an
aircraft plant. He explained to some German experts that the first
director of a new plant had a dangerous position, because the
circumstances would make it impossible to fulfill the production
quota and he would soon be treasferred, possibly to a convict camp,
and be charged with sabotage. The sesend digester would net be
much better off, and only the fourth Of fiftk director wotild be
comparatively safe, because, by thus, the diffiouitissxxwoul4 have
been eliminated. After his arrival to Pedbez'os.l, Ear .ch wanted to
be assigned with his department to the Ministry of Chemistry,
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This Wit, however, decided that the department had been
established on request of the Ministry of Aviation which, therefore,
would also be responsible of it. During their time at Podberez)[e, the
chemical group was controlled by 0KB II.
No work pattern or program was used for the activities of the Department
of Chemistry. The slow work procedure of 0KB II and the lack of the
required laboratory equipment made it necessary for the individual
work orders to be decided upon according to the circumstances. The
entire laboratory equipment, even laboratory tables and improvised
test stands, had to be produced partly of make-shift material.
-Assistance from the Ministry of Chemistry was not obtained. Most
of the personnel had still to familiarize themselves with the field
of rocket fuels, and to prepare the basic records which were lacking.
Due to these handicaps, no result were probably obtained to exceed
those obtained by related German expert groups during the war. The
activities included the following:
Advisory work in the field of materials for both 0KB I and II
Work on the DFS-346 rocket aircraft
Development work in the field of rocket fuels
:Miscellaneous activities
4. Advisory work in the field of material problems included the analyses
of materials used by both OKBs and the change-over from German
materials to Soviet products. The analyses of steel, light metal,
oil, gasoline, lubricants and varnishes followed the instructions
and specifications given by Soviet manuals for aviation materials.
These specifications were so detailed and foolproof that even
inadequate personnel was able to make correct analyses. No details
were available or the material analysed.
"ork for the DFS-46 included 10 projects:
a. Project for the establishment of a research institute for
rocket fuels to include a laboratory, a technical institute
and storage facilities. The laboratory building was to house
sections for inorganic analyses, for organic preparations.
electrical chemistry, physics and physical chemistry and for
spectral analyses. A test stand fitted with a small combustion
chamber, and equipment for the measurement of ignition delays
was also planned. The project also included a small rubber
laboratory and equipment for experiments with powder charges.
The main technical institute was to be provided for the
production of organic substances in quantities up to 200 kg.
Among other equipment' a distillation c?dom, 10 meters high,
was to be installed. Storage facilities were to be constructed
for "Salbei" (code for an oxidizing agent consisting of
concentrated nitric acid) "T-Stoff" and similar agents. The
project covered details such as laboratory tables, funnels,
etc. and was primarily designed to suit the members of the
Department of Chemistry. The plan, however, was never carried
out and improvised equipment was installed in the available
buildings.
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b. Production specifications for rubber mixtures on a Lupolen
and Oppanol basis (Lupolen - code for a type of sealing
material used on fuel lines) Oppanol - a synthetic material
equivalent to Vestanex, composed of isobutylene and
isoprene), to resist T-Stoff and Salbei, and specifications
for single parts, such as socket hoses and gwivel hoses for
fuel, especially for T-Stoff. These specifications were
prepared for the production of vulcanized Buna S blends
(synthetic rubber) with Lupolen admixtures and especially
for the production of Oppanol and Lupolen. Lupolen -Oppanol
mixture at a ratio of 50 to 50 and 30 to 70 was to be used as
packing agent. A 15 to 85 mixture was recommended for the
production of hoses. PeCe fabric (a type of highly acid
resistant nylon- like fabric of low melting point produced
by I.G. Farben) with a coating of Oppanol sulution was used
as material for the hoses. The inner and outer coil of the
fuel hoses were to be made of pure aluminum or V2A type steel.
The fuel lines to tap the tanks ,,swivel hoses), however, were
to be made only of one layer of Pe Ce fabric coated with
Oppanol solution. In 1948 and 1949, Soviet firms produced seals
and hoses according to these specifications. These products
proved to be sufficiently resistant against T-Stoff and C-Stoff,
as well as against Salbei. After 1949, the Soviet material was
equal in quality to the captured German material.
c. Stabilization of C-Stoff. C-Stoff containing about 50 percent
of hydracine hydrate, 37 percent methanol and 3 percent of a
10 percent aqueous solution of potassium copper cyanuer,
dissociated when stored. Since none of the chemists was
experienced with C-stoff, the type of dissociation had first
to be analyzed in order to find a preventive agent. It was
found that the dissociation was a result of an oxydizing
process of the hydrazine hydrate which in turn was effected by
oxygen and catalytically forced by the content of calium copper
cyanuer because the latter addition did not contain the
theoretically required amount of cyanogen. The defect was
eliminated by sealinS the C-Stoff against air by covering it
with a layer of transformer oil and by adding 0.05 to 0.1
percent of hydroquinone which sufficiently eliminated the
catalytical oxydation without increasing the ignition delay.
The maximum ignition delay for C-Stoff and T-Stoff mixtures was
25 milli seconds. In addition to the above mentioned mixtures,
others containing more methanol or water were used to reduce
the temperatures in the combustion chamber.
d. Experiments with a static measuring instrument for ignition
delays. In cooperation with Dr. ', lehde's department, the
Chemical Group developed a measuring instrument for ignition
delays to test rocket fuels. One component was dripped into
t'.,e other and the time passed between the impingement of the
drop ;grid the inflammation was measured in D}illi seconds. One
agent, for example C-Stoff, was wed in a small crucible
with a capacity of about 2 cm3 made of V2A steel or porcelain,
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and small drops of T-Stoff were added by means of a small
pipette. The impingement on the liquid surface produced an
impulse which caused a condenser to discharge. As soon as
the reaction of both components occured, the flame produced
stopped the discharge by means of a photoelectric cell. The
remaining tension of the condenser indicated the delay in
milli seconds on a calibrated scale.
~. Development of a cabin heater operating without exhaust
gases.
The designers believed that, because of the low temperatures
at the high altitudes reached by the DFS-346, the cabin should
be heated. It was planned that the heat be produced by burning
pressed tablets of an aluminum-magnesium powder in an oxygen
flow. The stove, an iron tube, about 60 cm long and 10 cm in
diameter, was fitted with ribs and with an iron rod. The
latter extended over the length of the tube and was to hold the
tablets which were provided with a hole for this purpose.
Aluminum and magnesium powder at a mixture ratio of 2 to 1
was mixed with diluted water glass. This paste was pressed
into tablets and burned in a kiln at a temperature of
approximately 100? centigrade. Ignition was effected by the
first tablet on the rod which was made of a thermite substance
with a cast-in ignition coil which, being fed from the aircraft
battery, started to glow and ignited the thermite. By feeding
oxygen into the tube, the other tablets started to burn. The
heat was controlled by the oxygen flow. A blast unit was to
blow cold air to the stove. Heated air wbuld flow back to the
cabin at a temperature of 60 dentigrades. The burning period
of the stove was one hour. After small technical difficulties
were eliminated the stove operated satisfactorily, but it was
never installed in the DFS-346, since friction of the air
occuring at high speeds actually produced enough heat for the
cabin.
f. Experiments for tight riveting of Salbei containers. The
weld*dg seams of the aluminum tanks were not resistant enough
against Salbei. Similar effects were observed on V2A steel
containers. In order to eliminate these defects, small tightly
riveted tanks, about 40 em high and 30 cm in diameter, with
riveted bottoms and one longitudinal seam were produced. One
of the bottoms was provided with a flange and could be sealed
with a lid. PeCe fabric with an Oppanol coating was used as
packing material for the parts to be riveted. For experimental
purposes, these tanks were filled with Salbei and stored under
pressure. After a period of six wonths, the packing material
started to disintegrate by swelling and crumbling. The next tanks
were, therefore, riveted at a smaller spacing with the overlying
inner edge slightly rimmed to protect the packing material. Some
sort of duraluminum, 2 mm thick, coated with a layer of 2/10 mm
pure aluminum proved. to he the best suited material for these
tanks. No satisfactory results were obtained in vibration tests.
The leakages, however, were so low that these type of fuel tanks
were still considered for operations. The same riveting system
was allegedly also applied for the P-150 tanks. After Dr. Daniel
(fnu) was repatriated these activities were discontinued.
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g. C-Stoff analyses were made to determine the following contents.
(1; The hydrazine hydrate content was determined by using
iodinepotassium iodine solution (sic).
(2) The methanol content was determined from the specific
gravity obtained ir_ a pyknometer. A diagram was prepared
giving the pyknometric measurements in relation to the
content of hydracine hydrate and the content of methanol.
(Screening analyses)
(3) The content of water was determined as a difference by
computation.
(4) The copper content was determined in the residues after
evaporating C-Stoff according to a usual system.
(5) Hydrocyanic acid was acidified with sulphuric acid and
overdistilled, and the content in the distillate determined
titrimetii,ly with silver nitrate solution.
h. T-Stoff analyses.
The content of H202 was determined according to the methods
usually applied by titration with potassium permanganate. In
about early 1950, when Soviet produced-T-Stoff was received,
the Department of Chemistry was also given pertaining analyzing
methods. From Russian translations of American literature on
German T-Stoff, it was learned that the Soviet T-Stoff was
equal in quality to the German product used for submarines.
The analyses were made to determine the following:
H202 content
Total phosphate content
The impurity content (by filtration)
The reaction to a 24-hour heating to 90 centigrades
in a special apparatus, to test storage possibilities.
The loss of H202 was not to exceed 3 percent.
i. Phydlcal-chemical calculations on rocket fuels. These calculations,
made by individual members of the group, were required as basis
records for work in the field of rocket fuels. The activities
included thermodynamic calculations of rocket fuels handled by
Dr. Dunken (fnu); calculations of combustion chamber temperatures,
calculations of the thrust obtained by various compositions of
C-Stoff, the percentage of methanol and water, the ratio of
these two components, T-Stoff and water, Petroleum and Salbei
and petroleum and T-Stoff.
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process the Sodium soaps dissolved in the petroleum and
deposited as a geld after cooling down to a temperature
of less than 50? centigrade. This geld when passed through
a fine wire mesh gave the petroleum thixotropy properties.
n addition of 0.3 to 0.5 percent sebacic salts proved to
be sufficient. According to the above mentioned priniple,
a production process in_volvin the production of bbbacic
salts of fatty acids dissolved in petroleum proved to be
very advantageous. This was effected automatically at a
temperature of 160 centigrades by adding sodium hydroxide
dissolved in methanol. The methanol was distilled during this
process. In addition to the usual viscometric methods to
measure thixotropy, another system was applied which
involved a special measuring instrument built of captured
material. The thixotrope petroleum to be measured was
filled into a small container which was rotated by a small
engine. The thixotropy petroleum moved a plate suspended
from a torsion wire to an angular deflection, until the
viscosity of the geld was overcome by the power of the torsion
wire. The plate came to a rest while the container continued
to rotate. The constant angle of deviation indicated the
thixotropy. Another system involved a neutral powder such
as calcium carbonate or fine grain sand evenly mixed into
the thixotropy petroleum. Time and quantity of the
settling powder indicated the thixotropy.
e. Production of an A-type fuel of sodium powder and petroleum.
The petroleum was absorbed and the powder was carefully
mixed with thixotropic petroleum, ft;em_,:thec?Petro1eum suspended
sodium powder mentioned in paragraph 6 c above. The small
ball shaped sodium particles were not to be flattened so
their diameter remained unchanged. An about 25 to 30 percent
suspension of sodium in petroleum, designated PENA, was
obtained in this process. 2_-T1pe fuel was obtained by diluting
PEINA with thixotropy petroleum until the sodium content was
finally reduced to 3 percent. The thixotropy of the petroleum
prevented the sodium from settling. Even under a comparatively
low pressure, this type of fuel could be fed like a liquid,
since, by increasing the pressure, the high viscosity which
this material had at a state of rest was reduced approximately
to the low viscosity of ,petroleum. The sodium content caused
tote A-Type fuel to react with Salbei by ignition. 'o water
could contact fuel, however.
f. Production of a dynamic measuring instrument for ignition
delays and experiments with the unit. No standard measuring
instruments for ignition delays could be used, since Salbei
and A-Type fuel could not be mixed like C-Stoff and T-Stoff,
and especially becausecktle`thixotropy of a-Type fuel. Therefore,
a so-called dynamic ignition delay meter was built. The unit
included two pressure containers of about 10-liter capacity
into which the two components were filled. A constant pressure
for these containers, about 10 atmospheres, was effected by
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nitrogen. Lifter the valves were opened, each fuel escaped
tr:rough a nozzle and ignited when they met in the air.
,he angular position of the two nozzles to each other could
be ad,usted.. Salbei was fed first, then the valve of the
.,i-Type fuel was opened. The increase of pressure in the
.a-Type fuel line was measured by a V2A diaphragm and an
iieduction coil. The ignition point was measured by a
photoelectric cell. The figures were evaluated similarly to
tLose obtained by a standard ignition delay meter. The unit
;operated perfectly and was checked by a commission of the
Ministry of Aviation which seemed to be very, impressed. It
was unknown whether the Soviets continued experiments in
this field or not.
g. Production of a fuel from th:ixotrope petroleum with
xantho;enate admixtures which reacted automatically to T-Stoff.
Sinn.ltaneously, the Type A fuel, a dual with an automatic
reaction to T-Stoff was m"O from petroleum. Sodium or
MAO&
potassium xanthoge
Were pri according to the usual
system. These t'v ho &i~ to be better suited
for the pU4o4. *,Wk otbes-a 040.hWd Jkygroscopic properties.
Xantl c.,rzt~ tsi ` O. sift were sifted and
suspcded irl etroisum wrhieh inflamed automatically
with T-Stoffioalculatic revealed that a petroleum
and ~vt?ff ti 7f"t-are as ` ^f i to 8 was required. This,
however, made the actual use of this fuel improbable, at
least for the near future.
h. Basic experiments for the production of boranes (sic). In a
ccn`erence with representatives of t}w Ministry of Avikt.on,
it was decided that the iroduction of boranes-b
Due to their chemical properties and tisir low;
boranes seemed to be well. qualified for ups -fs
It was panned that equipment be built fft1fttjA of
several kilos of boranes which were to be tested regarding
their most important properties. This plan included the
following details:
(1) The production of magnesium borid (sic) to obtain boranes
according to the Stock method.
(2) The production of boro bromide to obtain boranes by
silent electric discharge according to the Schlesinger
system.
The production of boranes of boro bromide by catalytic
h,rdraticn. For the preliminary experiments to be
cliducted to determine the optimum catalyzer mixture,
carbon tetrachloride was to be used as "Bodei.lsubstanz"(sic).
(4)) Conversion of alkali hydrides to boranes with the help
of boro bromide.
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except -or the borane production of boro bromide by catalytic
hydration, these activities never passed the sta.re of
preliminary experiments. During these experiments a conversion
of boro bromide was achieved with lithium or potassium hydride.
Ilowever, unlike the results of American experiments published
at a later date, potassium boron hydrides were obtained
iN:stead of borane. No further evaluations of these experiments
were made, since the work of the Department of Chemistry cane to
an end in Lay 1950. The planned work order of the i.:istry
w_:,s cancelled because of the expected repatriation of the
Jersian experts.
:Miscellaneous Activities.
Development work for the testing of powder ingredients for
tetra fire extinguishers.
Dipl I.1 Boris von Schlippe's department developed a fire
extinguisher for aircraft. Tetra (sic' was pressed to the
.fire by a burning powder charge. Dr Daniel (fnu) and Soviet
experts developed this cylindrical powder charge of gelatinized
nitro cellulose. A black powder train attached to the end of the
charge was ignited electrically by means of a resistance coil.
The weight of the powder charge was about 500 grams. Powder charge
and tetra were separated by a cardboard diaphragm impregnated
with a qglycerin/glue mixture functioning as packing material.
After the ignition had started, the diaphragm was torn by t:.e
explosion pressure. Tested in regard to their Ali"fusion
resistance against tetra, these diaphragmoproved to be
iualified. The combustion residues, however, settled in the
tetra lines of the extinguisher and !light have caused corrosion.
Na further information was obtained. 2
3 of potentiometers.
Hard gold platinr-
Dr Wlabde's department produced potentiometers for measuring
purposes. Since the resistance of the contacts was effected
by the slight corrosion at the soldered parts, the points
of contact were gold plated. paraffin was put over tae potentiometer
leaving out the contact areas which vre.re then gold plated by
alvanization. During the same process, a chromium )latinE
;hard gold plating) was effected bj inducing short impulses of
higher voltage at certain intervals. This ty,e of surface
rotection was satisfactory. The potentiometers were used to
indicate changes of the mechanical characteristics.
Tests.
Darin 1.94h and 1949, flight tests were conducted with the
ri;LLer model of the DFS-346 at iJO airfield. Dip] Ing
V
Mans Motsch who twice piloted the plane was afterwards no
longer allowed to fly because he wore nlasses. In early or
_nid 1950, powered flight tests were made at Lukovice airfield
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which was still under construction at that time. Dr Burmeister
who visited Lnkovice in June 1950 stated that various hangars
were being built. No details were obtained. Improvised
e juip,::ent for the powered flight tests including semi-
under;ourd tanks and containers,Agge built by Horst
, .niestaedt . No special e:luipment for the take off of rocket
powered aircraft was available. The DFS-346 was suspended
from the left wing of a Tu-4. No information was obtained on
the type of suspension and the release of the parasite. The
flight tests ended on 12 September 1950 when the model was
destroyed in a crash. Unless gliding tests with s~;.aller models
were planned, it seems improbable that the flight testes with
DFS-34o were continued.
.pct ivities at IKB II.
10. The activities of the Department of Chemistry did not permit
any conclusions as to the development of a new type of
rocket power unit at OKB II. No information was obtained on
the existence of the DFS-468. It was pointed out that no
powered test flights were made after 12 September 1950. At
Podberezjne, 0EB II was often referred to as "Utopia" because
only theoretical work was done there. During the period from
1947 to 1950, Ing Koessing (fnu) repeatedly complained about
the slow progress in the development of the DFS-346. Is was
assumed that these activities were slowed down by the Soviets
wlbo were working on a parallel development. One night, Roessing
caught Beretsn*ak (fnu), his Soviet deputy, copying the
construction drawings. He concluded that this was done
continuously. Burmeister believed that various projects were
theoretically developed at 0KB II to be forwarded to the Air
Force Ministry where they were checked or possibly evaluated.
No information was obtained on the construction of any new
type of aircraft. Gliding tests were coi,iiucted with various
small aircraft models including a delta wing plane. No details
were remembered.
Designing of a Li,,-,ht Low-Attack Aircraft.
I1. During 194B and 1949, Dr Burmeister and Dipl Ing Boris von
3chiippe worked on fuels with a lower boiling point to be
used for the Sc':.aidt type pulse jet. They also tried to reduce
t:ie boiling point of the fuels already available. 3cn' i pe
was working si-nultaneously on the improvement of the Sch:iidt
type pulse jet engine. No details were obtained. In about the
Sumer of 1950, von 3chlippe stated that an aircraft powered
by improved version of pulse jet units icas being built at
experimental Plant No 1. In the restricted area of the Plant
to which the German experts had .no:-ccess, Burmeister observed,
that a light low-attack aircraft powered by two Schmidt type
pulse jet engines was being built. The aircraft were usually
covered with tarpaulins before being shilped away at night.
3
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12. Two of these aircraft were seen without a cover at a distance
of about 30 meters. From the contours, it was determined that
these two aircraft were definitely of the same type as the
ones covered with tarpaulins which had been previously
observed at a distance between 50 and 200 meters. These
all-metal low-wing monoplanes had trapezoidal wings, a
fuselage similar to that of Yak-type aircraft and andskid
instead of landing gear. The two power units were mounted
on the fuselage aft of the cabin in line with the wings. No
other engine assemblies were observed. German experts stated
that, between the Summer of 1950 and the Sa::mer of 1951,
Experimental Plant No 1 in Podberez~e had produced a series
of 300 to 500 such aircraft which, however, had not been
developed there. It is assumed that these 300 to 500 aircraft
were only parts of a series, and that the production of these
aircraft was assigned to Experimental Plant No 1 to utilize
its capacity. The Siebel and Junkers engineers who had been
working in the assembly shop stated that, at the time this
production started, the portion with the assembly line had
not been entirely separated, and that the assembly line gave
indications of the production of this type of aircraft. This
aircraft had the follwwing advantages: It would land at
improvised airfields, could quickly be loaded on two standard
trucks, and its maintenance did not require well-trained
personnel. The process by which the aircraft became airborne
was unknown. No catapulting or similar equipment was observed.
The aircraft was never seen in flight.
Comment. This was confirmed by previous information.
Comment. For a chart of activities at the Department
of Chemistry at Experimental Plant No 1 in Podberez$e, see
Annex 1. For a list of personnel, see Annex 3.
Comment. For sketches of the twin-engine pulse jet
aircraft, see Annex 2. During the last year of the war, the
Germans had developed the EF-126 (cover designation Lili),
a low-attack aircraft powered with one pulse jet unit carried
over the fuselage. Three EF-126 models were shipped to
Podberezbte. The project bras allegedly cancelled after a fatal
accident. Except for the two power units, the arrangement of
which is very probable, the reported aircraft has a striking
resemblance to the EF-226 and is, therefore, probably a
further development of the latter type. 74hen being
reinterrogated, source stated that the aircraft observed had
definitely been equipped with a cabin. This excluded the
possibility that an experimental series of V-ls was concerned.
According to previous information, such an experimental series
of 25 V-ls had been built at Podberez*e between the Fall of 1949
and the S'Lmmer of 1950.
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COTWT 1) NMI,
Personal Data of the Lerman Experts of the Department of Chemistry
1. Hubert Emrich,
established the Department and was chief 25X1
until April 1949 when he was transfered to the
material laboratory of OKB II. 25X1
2. Dr. Heinz Dunken,l lexpert in physical
chemistry, was a private lecturer and assistant of
Professor Wolf at the Halle University until 1945.
3. Dr Hans Janke,
physicist.
Prior to 1944, Dr. Janke worked in ITiederoderwitz
for the Osram Plant
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
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Dipl Chem Karl Steffen;, expert for physical chemistry, was 25X1
an assistant of Professor Wagner at the
Darmstadt Institute of Technology until 1945,
5. Dr ''Milli Burmeister, chemist, I had worked for the 25X1
German caoutchouc industry until 1945. He
invented the bullet proof fuel tank.
Dr. 1l alter Hahn,
laboratory chemist,
25X1
25X1
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7. Dr. Willi Daniel,
chemist, came to Podberezbfe together
8. Karl Rudat. chemist, ~ Prior to 1945 .he had
worked at the Chemisch Technische Reihhsanstalt
In 1946,
9. Horst Kniestaedt. chemist,
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
10. Gerhard Keil, was hired by the Halle Labor Office for 25X1
lam ory work at OKB II in early 1946,
11. Gerhard Tybus,
chief mechanic,
CONFIDENTIAL
25X1
25X1
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 Approved For Release 2008/07/18: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA006100770001-2
Annex
12. Dr Alban Ruppelt. chemist, had worked for the Brandenburg A~~dO
Plant on material problems until 1955?
13.
Engineer V ktor Lagutin, Soviet
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
25X1
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Rmr ieh
Dr. Duaken
Dr. Janke
Dipl.Chem.Steffee
Dr.Barmeieter
Dr.4hn
Dr. Daniel
Radat
Knieetadt
Keil
Tybue
Dr. Rappelt
Activities of the Department of Chemistry at Experimental Plant No. 1 in Podberezhe.
461 1947
5h
5 a.
I organizational work
Dr, Dunken
The numbers refer to the paragraphs of the report.
1) Repatriation to East Germany
2) He left the plant but was not repatriated before 1954
3) He left the plant to be repatriated several weeks later.
4) He died in the USSR
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1948 ,1 1949 1 1950 1 1951
 Approved For Release 2008/07/18: CIA-RDP80-00810A006100770001-2
CONFIDENTIAL
Annex 2
25X1
25X1
Twin-Engine Pulse Jet Aircraft Seen at Experimental Plant No. 1 in Podberezhe.
b
3
CONFIDENTIAL
25X1
25X1
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ILLEGIB
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 Approved For Release 2008/07/18: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA006100770001-2
CLAS. FIC P ' 1
--REPORT
The Cheraistr" y Fes>3:=-tment and the Construction of. Win Pulse3j t
et Exi,erimerntE.1 .r'iunt No 1 in Podberezye
UAT;nN,
f>X OF CON
i)ATE. OE TA! N E
F.1:' T:RENCES
11
(.NU. & TYPE)
IdE'-I ".RKS.
12 Jaauoryr 1955
3 - sketch on ditto,
list on ditto, s., chart on ditto
he Chetaicul 3- t tt..gf per,= entgl :P1 nt ILa_ ,
1. After the war, 013 II resumed operation under ';he control oj' So?4 ict
Colonel V'l;;so crv (fira) with fng Roessing (fnu) as ch? ei' desis- Ter.
The Soviets r;quested that a chemistry departr..ent fob exper.?:.. tents with
rocket fuei#t be attached. HubartJ CCrich wrau dela?ated k.-o' 6stulilish t:' e
department. }I merely pretended to be an expert in the field of rocket
fuels by shosd.ng to the Soviets original docunents of the B W Plant
?:ear?izz his
.,nature as a department chief. subsequently i% was
].earned that llnri.zh had signed these doemients after- the fact
:instead of the actual department chief, liorovoki (fnu) (phonetic
,)pellir ) . LA enr tear not to be exposed as a aw:.ndler., nrioh
.onsequently pla: aed not to hire any The1. special:is is for tLe
department. ].kfore the Gorman exgerts were deported from }ia:lle to tare
USSR, they , a.el no practical work,-but tried to fwnilJi.a.; ize t'?A4mselves
with this iv-:-vi field. .Actual res 'arch work as started after their
deportation tc, the US:;1. Prim ly the }la:Uce Labor Office hu,d been
in charge of personnel. for the Chemical Jroup. 1
2. In Halle, iikn:':.cn and Roessin; . were assigned ':o ,olonel Vla;.;sov.
i.ut i',oeosirv; prepared the srorkorders for the Chaz4,:ical epar-`;nent.
This arras, a:Dint was suggested by s' irich wro ',ia.red e:.cposurc if he
v t ry: su:sorclinu.ted to .foe:ssi~ directly..
.hen Colonel \,nlassov returned to the U it he said ,ze ;prefe::red
Y,crl; at the '[.nistryr of Aviation to a d::rocto::?'s po::si.tion a an
eircraf-t plans;. 'l'a explained to some German. e:cperus that the first
iirectc,:c of it new plant had a daohgerous position, because tho
circume'c.,nces would make it impossible to fulfill the production
(quota and he vouli :noon be transferred, possibly to a convict camp,
rn nd be charj;vs !. w t~z sabotage. The second di:?ec tc r would not be
:. uch better off, end only the fourth or fifth director would. be
c: nmparw~;ive7_.We., because, by then, the d:~1 f>_cd tt s wousld, .beve
?:. ecf el' mina. ;end . After his aa?rival in Fodbe2 o =.ye, "' rrsri,ch wmited to
be assigned A7.'.th 2 s department to the hiini:stzy of Chemistry,
CI..ASS,F1CA'i 10lI CC NFIDENTL1z
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F..;~ Ministry , ho'ti'ever, decided that the department had been
on rFgi..~eat of the 14ir+istry of Wa.atiorc wzich, t.hcxefor ,
al: (> be ra.??pc'rsible of it. )urin their fire at Podberez t:-e
hn,::cr..c ;xoup c;:r9 cUrtrallec? ?,y OOH 11
~ep_.rc.~ncr=.ct
.tterr, or i:roL:ra' was used for the ac:tiv. ties i' the
th e
~' ~1-.t+ .: ; try . LM, Flow work proct?dure Of ti 1 arid the lack or
c :.,~:1xe1 126arators- eqW_,, ;%ent made it necas;;ary for the iridivridua1
or:;+. m to be dec .:ect upon accarui..0 to `;he c rerun ante.;., rile
tics craWry .>,fua.pmet:t, even -aboratcrw tables and iz.. royised
3ttt'.;uc,, had. to be produced z:art;ly of inake-shift m& erial .
ota e f_ocl thca I.;i.r:istzy op
Chemistry was not c?bta.iled., ; ost
4e ha", St.il.1 ;i f a_.A.Iiartze thenselves w t?ir. the: fiel
prepare the basic recoycdn which were lackin,,7.
:uo13. and to
ki ? tese nw.,' icaps, no result ?ere probably obtained to a:treed
by rel. ed (;?rman ex. ert group3 &u:ir4 %Lie war, '2he
t :. ~?it"~ :+ in,iu::c:cl the fo.ilo irif :
Advil:)ry s c rk in the field of .materials or both 0.7b, I a..1A 11
the 3Pti-346 accket -:irr.raft
i, 'te1;,t?.:~+~r',7, work: i 1,1 e field of rocker. fua :1
+.,kisory work zn the' :'_eld of :uaterlal proU1em3 irk;,;1ue:i tie ~relys ~e
r.; te.?'..als 1both i~nOa and the chary.-over fro :ar.:-:+_r
a.teri;ila to rr~cidrsc's. The analyses of steel, 1'i.:::ilt L*cta1,
1, jazalir:s, I"v; ic;tiiits and var;iishes .f'oll.oAed tt,e ions
r3 spec:Lf1cat:i,,im ~ ]ven by Soviet Iaw:'..ai.s for aviatio. filch rial .
1.`itr sE? Kph:c~ f icr~t:.anr~ were ao i:etc.iled and. f oo! prco1' to-at e vf~n
X,..?::d]- rrua :e pt rsoi41el tY
,yass able to p:1i7t.yke cor':'.ect
ava'.lablc d,:' the fat~~rial atal;;+se..
o'k for the i:ic.uded 10 projecfis
Pro;;::ct for .no cov-':abi-.s mien'. of a resoareh.
rocket fuels to itioiu;::e ., labors';ory, e. technical i::a,lt tuts
and :3torare :'aci :it;ies. The laboratory ht:.ildia i a cu Douce
eot ?Loiis for inor,1,an:i a a ia.l.yse3, for organic jjreparxtic:is.
electrical cherni s d ry, rrh. sirs and physical chee is try and for
aver oral analyses.. A that stand Citted Nr::th a naafi; c:oib+43tion
;nam?3t>;:, and for measurement of '.,;niL?.i.un d.el.aya
;;is 11.+c, f,lw~t ocl: 1."?ie . roiect also in';1?aded a r.:all r^u.7ber
.a:;.?'atcry a:.id iX.t.-, e71: for extcrimant , with ;,c~:{ter cha ;ea.
lt' (:BcfuL:a.caI. thatitute was to be provide ,i. I L r `v o
.ro-: ietiori of or ;a:a1.:icc 9tib: ttuires in qusxiti ti es up to 2..... 1 Li, ,
,tt;ar. o";i?er 1:,1:i;;:T7..:nt, a dia ..iiist:.on c.*o1t1mD 10 il~Aa.r?:, 1i *h,
;us to be storage facilities ;acre to be cons~.:ru(,ted
or '.alb-i" - or an oxiiizin a,;ent :ori 3:'r tin Of
cc,ncaritrated riitr:.: acid) ?-3to?f" ;-.nd ;simii;ar a~;'enta ? ,`tit!
;roe:act cove.reclsuch as boz'atcr;y' is ea,
etc. axi r:is y. ^i:aayr iip Q r 'lssLjrieu tc cuit the aieribers of the
;,eptistm-.rt c l JAic .Lai try.. Tae .iar:, iro.,ever, i ever. ::a:-ried
c,i'i,i.i,?m )i'4 waJ i a >