HEINRICH HERTZ INSTITUTE RESEARCH ACTIVITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A007500280004-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 18
• Document Creation Date: December 21, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 27, 2008
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: September 7, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL I N REPORT
INFORMATION REPORT 'CD NO.
COUNTRY ) ,.st C~ =u_ly
SUBJECT HIol rich lle r tz institute
ReceLrch Activities
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE OF
INFO.
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES WITHIN THE MEANING OF THE ESPIONAGE ACT SO
U.S.C., 9I AND 92. AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR THE REVELATION
OF ITS CONTENTS IN ANY MANNER TO AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS PRO-
HIBITED BY LAW. REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED.
DATE DISTR. 7 September 1955
NO. OF PAGES
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
1Q' B c ?7 cI _:,l vary 1955f he Heinrich Haltz'1n ttt'bt31.. ~~.1s'..4-. y M BOTH=-
y c J
Ad.l.;.. %o:' W d .:.Co`d'ed 13 research ardors uhich w= C is~ J: u J' C
8
four groups
t04Qx of ?r..
1:foe
An the p: vopa
ROn of ?4av.u E7?:: c:un A1.Ls aiy..... urn Z_'`.il:'.:iC?22.'L'if
nhorn comps: hansivo data of ' o eu vwtion rur : _....._& in 1954.
v_.~.i,....C: _ti.~.1
T "'J.. C.u.tc, are to 0 i:.~c. be F1.1u._...O- ~ ls .'cte ? `i:,}
i1~. nro 'i..~>' i~m 1555* iti0:i:afi'L'"'ry
in 1955, tho r,?coptiOn Of 0 Sums. .av ~^id`lti4 l03a1;ec'. at
owleicha is to be t: s t .'d by 'a :_?cu _`z' : lot. to & L.t AhOwskOf.
The L ': lleltil t1, E"',_. i.) fC.OU.-'. PP;. (... .. 1,/l a V 1.:. y ... I.
of only cne, ~,r tt. Iho socond o- do ? ;nc3.1 c :. i this 9POUP
co i# rf' u::.i/uromoats in 'v,_ic propagation cf 7CY00 in the 3 to em
e Via` f ,'xc"ceding normal c :!v s M`102-0overf 'ho .'oe pvion of 1:'ost
C: n_ c 1-?-
:tiLld_'~'?v.s,:7.~.0 8"~i;,. t? OILS 010"."c:.L~.~1g on ~1~'?..~'4 J. ._:O'i7~` L .. _~t~ ~!.C',Cs of 500 ~lil
and mo: ._o to bc obea vad.
~ r
F~ cone * is 1tc :l' ui th
25X1,
,e _Aittmaxfm)'
.
co _ :..aC !cngth limits ~dl
. iese ... x. ?.s.nu t-.~'1G~i ~yi'i~lt
A ll vw
continuously WaJyin its ao n ~ Koqt?aricics for .- to -1;3 Mae::: in tho ,onoop''noro is scheduled to bo oct up at j211nnink ca Dungy
r :ocoivod oonco.:n the !mac n:.'ulan
(onzll n1W~a Kcal} and the damping of
- r assigned to this group rill b
island.
~'i:'0~ I ~T :aiL:s( )eTl E3. 7 e rosoa:ch ror'a 1D fi``2 driod to be
113 do d ;to. 1Q 1. t 1.tz.
roof l rddor prole
1951 .
D This g:E"Ovv COi'AP;r`"o0_'i;lLO YT1
?pia s zp OOno ` e!
CLASSIFICATION
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2. In lato Docomber 1954, the following information Was obtaihod at the
,nni al confuronco of the T.H.I. on the status of research work on
solar radiations - -
a. pc pt,for individual missions, Department III' of the H.H.I. will
n.o loW ger participate in the .'adic-.ws t'onom? c research work M. ? u
i
Institute.
~
b o In 1G~te .-~- 19549 the ~.ol1oF-.-i ' as a-"' C. co W_.o ronca
on. vnu ova;. side, and
o tT- n fte;rOt-0 lb C. To SCn a a t tend Farnik
Dr. Jung on the others
(1) Status of research work in--:rate Augtwt 1954=
The 20-cm installation TithoiitcAr- switch has been dirama*tl.ed forj.
uco with. a second i n ta' latidri. t bv`'r~"ial ~ pp~' iu?
Chic 20-cm inst llatioia w i..th s*i tc'h was in operation;'_ the
installation showed fluctuations in its socon3
20?-cm installation was under cons t-` ..ctior Coi p..oted Sore the
csc i.llator, the noise gene =ator9 the mix: r a tt,go - the f i2: t
and second ''i ntermedi,ote frequency s vay v^- s, the audio "f.'i"ccuency,
2r11;?1_?' f? eE? ' l li'ae. stc>--.' E-r1CE ::gtl1. +' -;' i: u{',"3..
coast : .ction wore the s wittC'_h'l- F>'.nd th power Ei ~ J' __ _ Ii wy %'a 3' .C'>?
'i:io 3..cm installation has been dis~LsntleC..
(2) Flans for the next phase of. research worts
I.e, ry t
~..~gt.lFS,r Ob:Ssr,Y'st'i Ona~ of t Lea o ,fY: oCh 'on with
auuiliat on9 the
e71.tch. A ter completion of the second 20-c -m
first installation Of this typo 17C O to be Se at to Newt Blitz.
.io second 20-.cm '-nstallation with switch was t be uo 0-1--d by
moans of the large reflec to , -both with and without regulating
sta e.
0
?le 3.-cm installation was to be ruaosombled in -its previous s w' tc'ain
arrangement and was to sod`--o as an operating mod 1,
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(3) Crbanyzation of works
The 20-cm installations were assembled u- der the direction of -
, -erstonborg. In charge of technical matters e e ? orstenberg,
Pwinzler and Bierhals.
The second installation was being built at the e-orko'_n.rp of the
Ti,TT. I. The switching asp angement was superv"t scd by B-i orhalo 9
responsible for the balancing was Prinzler, r~'r_ile Beier and Dr. Lioll-vow
wore charged with the construction and testing c'w u`' Y tchos. The
completed installation was to be tested under the sup n,ision
of fuers onborg and D. lIolivow?
s~CpCT7f81on
Tho 3-cm installation was to be reassembled under the
V Nfi n a boy neap tho f eflectrr. -1 -.-o uo had good
-
~ L r ?the _ r sthe first intermediate frequency sti 11 1
z.-,.o uiot tote to
do and the worktshop of -
procure non-corroding `.m,?ate r ial for these i~mi tz.
/,The const-yuc tiot pf a second inte:mediets !requeney stage eit'a
oscillator a n d mi ~~er stage was completed 'o ' -m a.t in late
1954. The audio f. - quency unit and the switching_ ii t with time
eons ta-nt was completed in the workshop of the In3titute in late
o f 1954- 7ork on the switching and balking pan its by,'' t , ? erha? s
and-eke construction of the. d.c. amplifier au~ ,':'e wa k to by'
?rx 4 hrndt were also comple' e ',)Y 1 to 1954y
no unit for the klystron for which the C' ' ` ug had boon
delivered by wadi o c" 1 inee ..3 Tpla It a v i y f re being
+.. ..~... C., 1,' the _ _~.ll 1.:. J.....~~ ....i1~-3 v.a ...~ h1.: -~kIt.L L.11._. 4.0
ilb.- 1 laa1313 -'o-- t'io o+her
and Schmidt.
RT
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SEC
3
3e.
Other plans made in August- 1954 envisagod the f ollonin a,otlvritios s
(1) Rooonstr'uotion of the gear unit for the reflector d lve by"ee$,'>,
Luodo.
(2) Removal of any slack from the gear bon at the .._: e ;tor by hX H
(3) Construction of an accurate adjust:_ng scale for 1-7n t by
no. .t lawdo anduerstenbo: g.
(4)
Improvement of the follower stage
by 0 1-a "0-,-
(5) Unification in the set-u :. of the ia~.astallation boglmiinzg with the
first intermodiate f recueacy stare. This problem was to be solved
by a study group composed d representatives of Department II, III
and ITof the Institute.
(o) Development of testing procedures and the building of measuring
c.ev.'.ces for the whole installation.
(7) :'o on t ? of to* -moot
:zero to be
Dc-nolemen a -de
,
(Q'
l 1
by the 0-Ork filer
.e r Works. The
e ler,. 'U.sie of 1 cm and loss
?.3soluto ., calibration; *Dr. 1dollvor7 worked on hl,_; p:noblon. Of those
plans, project item (C.) wan completed by late l95-~!.; wo ':s on projects
items (1) and (2) was still in progress, and. projects? "ems (3) and
(5) through (8) wore included in the 1955 wo=k p:;::jg_ of =she solar
l :radiation research group.
construction of new sots designed for =-V2 len ~i.r' of 10 and
50 cm was not end isaged. All those in--%o l ved ^7_ '.3 ^~~ k
'-o: `r wanted to have 'a leader appoludtod who was `0
decisions in the event that the chief of the n,Yci t .te was not
';C 7_la'~sle. The main function of this leader to be the coordinating
of all research work, the procurement of laboratory oauipment, and
the planning and control of the budget allocated for this project. 25X1
Plano to send ~n expedilion. of the H.H.I. in o de~~ to' observo
the solar eclipse were ca,._colled. An invitation to make these observations
in=Xi eachod the In 'c"t o too late. The expedition finally wont to 25X1
Ruege? Island under the lead_e ship of Professor Hachonheri^. but it was
:_a?. a,c' ca~oner inspected the prepe 'a __eb for '
L ? ~ n tLE., eacpedf"t'! c_rlg
but the left again rather disappointed. On 27 May, the ec'.Ly _pment required
i~tine i yficiently p.:-epa.~?ed for its work. On 15 May 1954-
fo'r' fie solar measurements was sent to Ruegen Island. oboervations
were 7u4 Q. from a point some km south of the ionosphere station . 25X1
I
ng Dittmar in the bar of Trom per Wiek not~: C
.i, " c:? ' S:"'ciuape
in early hugs 1954. A mast 30 meters high had boo >. e:-=cc-?,-_-d
e2_?ly June.,. Professor Hachorxherg supervised the arrival of
20--cia station built at the FI.H. I. The four- e re lector sr ivec
' Sss77_lit;\r lmoTeove _'p t b._ c 'ves obtained show.,
a faili,71t of the electric clockv?o:''>. 'Pic
in lc. `C. ! ~r July e` a2C. $i1T-pp^.d to NeL'S
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Li
worked without any failure. The ref leotor could be :Net- h t3 Call y.
station which was occupied by three or four men remainea on
Iluegen Island.
The firs; 3--cm instTlation was :completed on tim5. e aihplificat i o_a
factor and the band width had been determined by : nsrzs8 Fermis. 9 '
OA;ai.c'te and I;aildow at the Koepenick radi6 engineerix plaat.j because the
mot::u:x i installation required were not o.vaflEb1e at '' c W.I. The
S L 1~:xacdiato frequency amplifier C` eveeloped by.= sI Sc1 :.._.M show:-. d scuo
AMA "t:'hlch.could not be eliminated. The maigs frequency AT the
rotat _fg macho n am furnished by the firm of Mae was not constant
enotw). ant batteries were employed instead. The 3--cm installation `:'au
The electric control device also worked in spite of
g=oat initial difficulties, The rer~aotc =ecx i'C `_d' ?:e - ~ `t, L..a" to' have
an accuracy of alignment of up to 046O1 the curios rs;;istored were
MAW= The second 20-cm installation which was completed in a
makeshift way was a? so used in connection with the la 3a reflector
at Ad.? orehof. The curves obtained with the help of the 20-cm and
3--c:iu installations agreed with each other rather well. On 6 july9
Professor Hachenberg stated that he was well satisf eC. with the
results obtainei. at Alorohof.
S? 'In CLa--?l y QLit{'ie ' 1 J JA-y a, f i_vc-s t ' ;o intermediate frSqunacy amplifier AT
s e ! ce URD sort n expedition of 22 le - r tfiP .
~^ e`9 second '''~ -,)w? . if A &M .a '~" T`'1^ put into tso
60 e~c.G~%Cl per C' 1C~ " ~' o p Ll.
I e ec_y~e~
" tLji pats- 1t 7!. iN a b~ 1c. i_~ t of 55-T ~._.-~-'" ~::, 'Co .'K51egc?.cyclos per second9
brou ht about a ma niflo;iol ,i_::om 1 'millivolt input to 1.4 Volt
output with a noise-`eoltags Al loom MA 0-5 Volt-
In oa.:Ply Juno 19549' a wooded observation tower r tln~-, on a concrete
'case was erected between AlteAkirohen and Julluern k fop is II.i3.1.
Chief of the station wa.sA DT ` Dittmar. I his order ye vi:..: t' e elCtziC
light was cut ~ off c?, ~ t Ju1Qr0hy. c.u.. Qrooge' and 1;.1L1o '''' o Gd ,~u~~y ?
-u'._ L :'.~.'C:.:.~s.: on X11
of tho solar eclipse in order to make his mca a :'of!':ont __aC.O puiadont a f
f: rt ions in the electric mains, The station = omaiia: i ocoupiod a to_-
tho solar' eclipse,
obboI-vation of the solar eclipse. The expedition wac oc u i pp`;a with mode ?n
apparatuw built by the Zeiss firm but 77ac unable to make any photographs
because t c -sky was completely overcast during the ec1 se. 25X1
,nn- inn stigation was
eu uent y s e d against those who were responsible`, for the expedition
In c ?.0:.9 to study the propagation oft waves in the tropes, her }- a
toting line about' 70 km long was established between -Aci-~rahbf ~~.d
ienfsichon, The t ^ansmitter which had an output of 50 raatts~ra; set 25X1
up ix:. the area of the institute at Adlorshof. The direct`iona1. ntenna.
: itted with three. rows of dipoles, designed for the free=aoncios of 40
me as c_ per second-9 62 or 68 megacycles per second, and 104
Der second respectively was on the roof of the former
long-?di.otaoee heating plant of the former German Aeronautical Test
Each row of dipoles consisted of four vertical dipoles
each so__.:isting of one reflector and one director. The boon width
7i .!" 300, and the antenna gain was fourfold. Rile 7 a ^. w wore fed
and matching '~JOt..~_
K chain of him) located on the tooting line did not _wio c y distur Ol:c2,f,:25X1
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effect. No relay station vas erected on the 1luegggelbe:-9c Hills as
or:ig?_nt lly planned, because the c nneot o~! bet::ae 1 and
Fuonfeichen proved to be :ood.,,axs1 Lahr o was in char fo cf the
meaeuremcnts concerned with the' pro ;ion of raC.ic ~' . Prior
to October 1954, no results of the oabarvations naf o. 1.1c Z. boon
pl:.b11 shed
10. In October 1951, the conotruct? oil of modern 1110'ir:oi.v- :+. 7,E
planned for the branch --Installations of the ".: . TJ, at Julf"'Ca- uh
on Ibuegen Island, Neustroli tz, Kuehlungsborn, and li'ven-J:oi chen.
~! o no
y: 195 -9 De . '.ra?zia"r e3Ere7~iiu :~ted with two iThwc,. t
'1"7er _ i.Y
2o. gave length rs # 'I 3 on at t1:. z, 1 f ~7a rr~' i ^, .' .
FreCU9i'1Cy mechniqLAe,. f'' 7"a`!f,^G'ii difficU1t~e wore SC^C'a in
the field of Cathodes. Betcroon August and i o v o foer 1954.9 v20 dif'fern% t
cathodes wore tested. At first the sta!ndo,-u. paste for . adio tti.oeo was
uoed, later a special paste made at the Insti tote was applied. The
work was delayed, because the high-fraouuency gnne:~ato:.? of the Institute
eras not completed. The cathodes had therefore to be taken to the ?Ierk
f'i er 1 ornme1 dewoson. (Signal Coz nin? cation 1 7_ilaev'at 1 =? 2t) .
1"he 3--^m tube was to be used as a model fo the investigation of the
mechanical arrangorent, especially of the cathode. Tn !y November,
c?:h^m -The tube was given an impulse of 7 I".7, ;,was mac- ad^ to oscillate
fo: the. first time and had a life time of, two days, I. no-*Lller such tube
was in operation for several days in No'=vohnbor. Tt was to oscillate
coon `r1: en its vacuums was rather poor. The cathode paste developed
proved usable. Impulse affects of 80 and, with en _;. ;roved cathode,
ev,'C ouch of 400 11M were reached in accordance with v sues calculated
v
g
p
I
a
/ p
p",=ces). 2eroapon the daall;;tet. Of th.eti * j.Y?.c ( ?G rag u'Cduced
theoret;! cally, The tests shored that the diameter of `6ie cathodo was a
osclletin
eriod =(#at~t
~ c` t ea, f
ctor fog the build u
b"
J
12 iT},.- r he I1 d eucced d9 chile he t5r n w1 10 Q n* _n I
_ rave le c th oY
t or 1.25
~llt? l~~Cvft~da T li Wit; s on t' IJas doogaec3 for a
h more f9 T b.io the-- than :z .n the C-21142 MI -""- t U ) 2 es
muc Ci
q) t_l 1 ."^ t e y1o A.
c+>,!r Ua~c tI. taut ru-~er;d from flash~o~~: rs A t:-ee~a oc~ a ~c. ca aao~e,
probably duo' U a defective vacuum and inadequate mechanical rawngeuiont
of the cathode. The assembly of one tutu, lasted one cloy. In lato
Novombcr, the flash-overs were eliminated for the first Lima, and in
early December, the tube was repeatedly made to oecil? ate for a short
time. Subsequently, the tube was subjected to a oontinao.s toot extending
over throe days. The tube was switched off for a short wile, after that
-U' egain brought to oscillation. At the end of t1 c < 1oe .went, the
c t9 .' Of the tube' decre led, .ocause scattering effects occur ?ed in
the cathode, The tube was the-r.. disassembled and checked, Its output was
estimatedby means of a matey calorimeter.
In order to improve the high v ouum and mace possible on easy" exchanY e. of
the Cat trades, soldering was as aidoned for sealing pug ~^soe in December
19549 and a Cylinder fitted cr?i al two conical slides won ~.~od tnstead.
A sa t_i s'factory. vacuums was not achieved, however and f Jr h .aso production
the cot up of the cathode was not stable enough. In spite of this face
h
d
-
osen.
o that the 14Iit .cra;r ha
been_
it_o,I;pce,_
13. %%*]I 2*w_>narer c 1no#r ssi3 $ev 'sOrked on crystal prch
t m r a ron, On the other handojm* _?lietne ho was co ro ~: r
'ce ?g, was working on a .p .related to prcb" cr , C Y1.:;ond. : or 25X1
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Since lust 1954. Plietner hat been aesia
, J`- Potsdam. Both of them have been orc'.c.o'sd to
P'i.?T to 'ate 1954., Dr. Jtzng devcis-DDcC. a set designed
t.'!! C.kn^os and depth of salt lac S. :`_noa ea:K'IyY 19559
On `v"11e o Jet opine t of a set G.o? icd t -O cote ii lle the
o7'iallci're by a m.--mals. .
In !l;tt;ue ' 19549 Dipll
in Cho _ elc
to be a oapu,bl
no CJ`2 t i c~ ".wr_~2 j re. iuIts nit
s
In l956 ota42 ^ uorl--cr; at 'OZ--c E.
iacz,.az:6c:~'O, the ca - c:? t e In
sp^I_cS--r1'-n Of the go'oi TMO J):: ? n i9.` s riw Time OyYiJoo t?c::.: that
Ha0 7 SeccnIC- r'c.t C Oe:i i?. _ ;l.... L.:IC
C'tI--1s f7?.' a Ci." o- '51. 10 :.11st tL? to Iil t'i. -
g....7.... ; 'a"r r_bti.'g f o-- clc.vT.''~s'Z j w' w7S,~".~ei,'1.^-. '? #J?C--- .,._!1.:... the
o~oe~ e r r eclipse L u au :ruvr. 'rho 25X1
+'ot ,
O f` 1 tOO11i Ca! p'lly'CiCiSta ?: C ..~r Il in .,^. ^.
., u O to ~ts u of Iu ce a~
~~HO ^ ,O J f:! r c
o ' .s a? ter, a
chile iac" ~ 11~3or 0lacs v__ al. .
thcorntic!'l -0-robieias, ' , . -~
art RemIconaLeto._o.
,~. ~' Tle c':,. 1i,-.-,:'2;t s p1acls ('.~.ca.
mi L; 11 ~7 :'.`,5- r.Osi -c-nod to t'ho 111 T l 1,1 vi : of a?ho .n-t c '.10
' ... 1.
YlL1rs'^ ^,: ? . St in the rio: k done by 31,-. r nc, D: c. "
on ...:i., .JLI-,I 0 O s .C eC in IO
d.ovo O_ J1~:1. u C7. ooc Coqqui l'odI Irhe .: i 3 : u.t 0i1 O: _ L c. ays _ 1
of 1.259 39 10, 2c), -0 c... 2,)0 cam,.
13 @ J'' otibe ? 1c5~!, three A~L'71 ;~.:. .an pr 1' , ^ccota7r_r:~ c: 's) %. 0ttorn
'cp. ? I '+.tsChO kadeinie deg -_??`-;E i7.SC'_2.: _:n (U-orm 'o C'.^+Aoec)
~' 1 n~ ,tor n'' ioi, D240 Y.
c2$GC _t..tul the ILL" .V . ~i. '. _as
'.:'S#f
4.i3 54110 coo p. 0...`1 ;,4.'~J";::'uity p ~'^.~GS:.
~r y
J Q' t_.~ G~. .c .. ":ri..,Y'v '~: t_. L._y' ._..Is; ..: ~"::. i/ t(r:'..
Yi1`-, t7 tutu and. t;i1 .' .:_
~~ 7 i_ ~ei~ i '7" ,10 ~ ~.i v:.i O":?i Cl Gl:fir'- 'I `i v?f`? '-L
i s'i to Li: 34 * tu u e, They erantcd to di scusc I).- oa`l.em ; of
T? Pr-_O 4~3Q r-( , a.` r 1.--
F.a:'..Q. Zj:i2. ':~Or i?.Ci..c...~G'~'g, .:3 L.a._,..:
followinIg d air, t ?E`, i Czcchoslovukc ?:-rer'e shown the Inst :;.-.
o, t t" %a 31;4)0 v, . Jueng Dr. 1 ?e3onncr'u cad i.o, toa"':-ca the LJ/~
confe --Ico of physicists Jh this
con c-' ':s'?^ ;~ ichvet% of Jo.aa Un .ver'siiiy
r- QU 4+L3 .i J J C/. ~ t
cn pLO')loif7s r ':tcC 7 b'3 a?C..^i1'i
::10 in Duch. h_y 1~.5 'hcc be r 1954,
was 17noxpectod l ,z.,. ,
y bi L.cG, of ? discharge
?55. ,.
-~~ , This procedure was cJo 7.;^.6. r7.1Ier~'~e_^wf
e utiding P%'of eseor HachC mibc 'g ^''3.0 st K V t d lil[r: }- AA .
cist, was transferred from the Ger=.r.
for wor in J)V?. J ?.'_'.:~ S s de .r nont s God
'0.'_C 7 .~' :L^ ~t and has dish s! oil G?Ole''r
?~1871.Je.. C: ? s SG Ca u0 have :3--0 111 the Instit
J~+'O:L^..`?3uos IIao% en i '~j' :7: 'Oli~:(3tccI
:'A? o- Code was transferred to '11C i1 L; _ i 3 wi.th.out
apprc'v a .
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el?erato~~s. 4I '~aNN iiMki i
019 does not have ? u a `_c eao gp
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11
25X1
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SEC
1, GciLo t? For copy of a photoav~aph of the ct~c ^?. ad~.o~,..< as
pu'UJ a oC. n i Eas1 'C Znan 11C:"3pa 4.1
vm 'UL`J ~i 95 Y ^. .. inc.S
C IEI
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Directional !antenna the Ultra sho_
l'at'e 1: 5 r iil^_1'? Circuit at ACC ers'ion'
1
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 COUNTRY
SUBJECT
PIACE.
ACQUIRED
DATE OF'
INFO..
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY REPORT
INFORMATION CD NO.
East Germany
Heinrich Hertz Institute
Research Activities
U. 0. C. at ' L'u?. 5 A1!$sY!SitA4. #SY~ 'PRA. iou o t S76d1
Ap ?.. CSYRk'6 LN am R"Num'Rp A~ YR Pr'' oan`..
teo r s aeo. rra~s- r~aa C, ? vi yR Prey o
DATE DISTR, y uc . ter he_:^ L;55
NO, OF' PAGES 9
NO. OF ENCLS.,
cusTEo BELOW)
119116 UNEVA R`III"lOi'
7 y' .7ty.t_`31 ZCt~""!'L of t_ ?ropga:tiori of .EF
wares under :hc direc;tion of Dr~ 0cl:ueaeini.,,.rrr,, the . deputy to
Professor Richard Schac'heenmaier an& the real chef of ) pa~:tment IT of
the ix OHS : , The first order of this group c;erxcerns maws ure :exits
in the pro agation o .f waves between A ler;'.hof ; and N1:ren::'ei.chen
where comprehensive datii of observation were obtained in 1954
These data are to be ev..,luated stetisti.:a.! 1.y in 195 .. '4,o:~eoverg
in 1955, t ho receLiticn of a. 9-cir, wave trox sm_itter loca.?ced at
.ienfei^ hen is to be tected by a receiver located at Lci.iershof~
The trarlsmi;;ter? is equipped with a disc ;riode: r= d has an output
of only one Watt. The. ieeo.:'.u order `!nc us:,~.~. in tb groa-
concerns measur me nW s in th--. ropaac)tion t' waves in the to 9-cm
range, exceeding normal r'am`s.,: ? .lereover', reception of ~+le!s
German radio station,:, operat4nS on VHF fro,. distance, of 500 Ctrl
and -more is to be observed,
Group YT..-This rosin concerns it cif` with ionospheric t ose~r:.?u
~K h
o-4c $ igna3. to this group) will be upertised. lb,,; one Ditt:.iar (fnu)0
Ord7"s rr-? CeiveQ.' C(~1':orrn the rv)asUreJ-11Dnt Of ;'rra. e .i. ri' ,,th j,.r..J.t.`.`i
J the Grenz el l eeniaen~;ena rand thda up;inr of th'^se saves A t.r'`riitter
continuously varyin; its frequencies for measu'smen'ts to to snide in
e fts: torlos here is scheduled to be !Bet up at or, Euegen
Tsls.nd.
i"cup I.LI life ;neti measuren:errtsu This research work is sO?eduled to be
_~ headed by Vola.a ndt` `Nu) at ieustr< it
13, X, 0 Ll
This gaup concerns research work on solu.: radia.t'c,a. The group w
l9514 ~ + x.
-work under Professor Otto Hachenberg;~ chief of i:'e. }t,d Th:a indict-idual
research 7?i?ssioi s ~a zsignea. to this group wera _i.'. cL sed in late
CLASSIFICATION
ST-A-TE NAVY ,,
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ARMYv A FBI
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3 Other plans made. in .A:uguz.st 1954 env .sag 1. the foll.oraing aa:,tivitieti
.) tec? onistx a.c: tian of the lean: unit for the reflector drive by
.Luede ,
(2) Removal. of any slack from the gear box at the refiec for ba,
Luede .,
(3) Construction of an ac euratee adjusting s Dale for the couplxl'a ; unit by
Luede and .i?uerstenberg.,
(4) Improvement of the follower stag; by berstenber'g,
(5) Unifir.ration in the setup of the installation beginning with the
first interrLediate frequency stare:, This problem was to be solved
by a study group composed if repres?aritatives of Depar'tlaents ; " e III
and IV of the Institute,
(6) Development of testirg procedures anti the building of measuring
devices for the whole installation-,
(7) Work on the Farohiem of the most su? i:abie dsGtectors _ The dete~'tor,
previou.siy ueed.wh::ich had been built by the rerk firer Fernmeldewesem_
were to be repi coed by detectors developed by the '.tterk fuer
Baue"ler:Ien.te der Nachrielitentechnfl:,the former Dralo:id ';.or...sJ The
manufacture and e, aug'iPp, of de t: er;t r . fo:r ..ave lengths of I cu and lees
is also to be considered,,
(a)
Absolute calibratlou; Dr: f4o.llvow worked on. this. problem Of these
plans., projeeot ?:em (4) was completed by date l954, work on projec.t!~
ite:rs (:i.) and (2,) was still in Y,re ;:s?ess, and proje.:,ts items (3) and
(5) through (par were included in the 1955 cork pro- .,am of the solar
radiation research group
The construction of new weer s desi.gr ad for wave lengths of 3.0 and
50 cIn was not envisaged All tiiose involved in solar radiation researi;h
work wanted to have a le aies a?.oi.Iate who was authorized to make
decisions in the even that the ch',e:V of the Institute was not
available,. The 1n a'..rl fuzl::t : on of this leader was to be the c oordinatirtg
of all research work, the ltrccure:::ent or kazborator^r e,.iu:fpmonzd and
the Lc~.l'i.I?:y9"i' and control of ~aiaY :1=i.".~~tri9 ti4,.~.1'7,iIt'E?~~.. ~'or t:'
p 1 1 s proje,oto
25X1
A., Solar obseriva4;:i.ons
Plans to send an expedition of the : ,kkf n order to observe
the solar eclipse were ~'~i!2i.elIe}0 An 1.nvltall, ion to make these observations
i . Kiev reached. the Institute too ".ate,, The expewition finally went to 25X1
RUegen Island under the 1ead~: ?ahi of Professor iachenber: ,, but it was
Insufficiently prepared for itZ 'orlkc, On 15 iia'y
an ass Conor:er Irisoe. l:ed, the :reparation s 'or the expedition,
but he left again rathe:c On 27 Mays, the e u;prrent required
for tare solar uieasuremern to was sent to k,,s.aegen 1X31 and : The ob^e.: ,ration.
were. made from a pint some km south of the ionosphere measuring station
selected b' li . "Dittrar in the bay of Tvoriper y~iek~. not. fa: from Cape
,8"SL=&., in e.aa.rl y June 1A m t 3ti had bilen erected 25X1
there In e ai 2.,, .Prof eesor Ylachenbe i,; Lps-xvised the arrival of
the first 2 =;m Lit%tinti built at trlt_r i:i~, f: The four-;:eter r?fle:tor arrived
or 1.6 June?.. The .regis rwtior:.s made ?lurizx, the solar ccl use were hampered.
by poor visibility; moreover,, the cur've, 311 tain sd sh we+J. M.r s
re:r,ul
owing to a failure of the electric c oc.t'.'.ea k, t. The inst,:d3ia.t:ion was
dismantled in la"-e July and to NeustvR i Only the ionosphere
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51,
.station trhich was occupied by three or four men remained on
Ruegen Island,
The first 3-cm inst .lation. was completed on tine. The amplification
factor and the band width had been determined by Farnick,
Schmidt, and Handow at the Koepenick radio engineering plant. because the
measuring installation required were not available at the H.H.I. The
intermediate frequency amplifier developed by Schmidt showed some
defects which could not be eliminated,, The mains frequency for the
rotating mechanism furnished by the fix; of Zeiss was not constant
enough and batteries were employed instead, The 3ocm, installation was
ready for operation: at Adlorshof one day before the solar eclipse, It
worked without any failure,, The reflector could be' set optically.,
The electric control device also worked satisfactorily in spite of
great initial difficulties, The remote --ncontrolled gear had to have
an accuracy of alignment of up to 0A0. The curves registered were
fault:."ess0 The second 2+O-cia installation which was completed in a
makeshift way was also used in con.nec:tion v. _ith the large reflector
at Adlershof 0 The curies obtained with the help of the 20-cm and
3--cm installations agreed with each other rather well. On 6 July,
Professor Hachenberg state()that he was well sati. f ied with the
results obtained at Ad.lershof.:
6. In early October 1.954, a five-stage intermediate frequency amplifier for
60 megacycles per second developed by Schmidt was put into use
The equipment had a band width of 55L.5 to 61,5 megacycles per second,
and brought about a magnification from I millivolt input to 1,,4 Volt
output with a noise voltage of less than 0.,5 Volt
7,, In early June 1915)4, a wooden observation tower resting on a concrete
base was erected between Altenkirchen and Juliusruh for the H,H0 I,
Chief of the station wwas. Dr. Dittmar,, By his order, the electric
light was cut off at Juliusruh, Breege, and Altenkirchen on the day
of the solar eclipse ,in order to make his measurements independent of
fluctuations in the electric mains. The station remained occupied after
the solar eclipse,
The L,ieteorologi soh-Hydl.rolo ischer Dienst (Meteor r' ori. l and Hydrologiaa.1
Service) (1,14D) sent an expedition of 22 men br the
observation of the solar eclipse. The expedition was equipped with modern 25X1
apparatus built by the Zeiss firm but was unable to cake any photographs
because the sky was completely overcast during the eclipse.,
An investigation was
au sequenz . y stared against those who were responsible for, the expedition
25X1
expedition to the USSR,
9? In order to study the propagation of VHF waves in the troposphereta
testin line about 70 km long was established between Adlershof and 25X1
Fuenfelcheno The transmitter which had an output of 50 watts was set
up in the area of the Institute at Adlershof. The directional antenna
fitted with three rows of dipoles designed for the frequencies of 40
megacycles per second, 62 or 68 megacycles per second, and 104
megacycies per second respectively was on the roof of the former
long=distance heating plant of the former German Aeronautical Test
Institute.' Each row of dipoles consisted of four vertical dipoles
each consisting of one reflector and one director. The bead width
wars &oout 300, and the antenna gain was fourfold. The dipoles were fed
in a parallel way via a 70-ohm cable and matching pots,, The Rauesche Berge
(a chain of hills) located on the testing line did not have any disturbing
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effect. No relay station was erected on the Mueggelberge Hills as
originally planned, because the connection between Adlershof and
Fuenfeichen proved to be good, Lange was in charge of the
measurements concerned with the propagation of radio waves. Prior
to October 19549 no results of the observations made had been
published.
10, In October 1954, the construction of modern housing units was
planned for the branch installations of the H.H.L. at Juliusruh
on Ruegen Island, Neustrelitz, Kuehlungsborn, and Fuenfeichen.
11. In 1954, Dr. Praxmarer experimented with two magnetron tubes designed
for wave length of 1.25 cm and 3 cm at the Department for Super High
Frequency Techniques. The greatest difficulties were experienced in
the field of cathodes. Between August and November 1954, 20 different
cathodes were tested. At first the standard paste for radio tubes was
used, later a special paste made at the Institute was applied. The
work was delayed, because the high-frequency generator of the Institute
was not completed. The cathodes had therefore to be taken to the Werk
fuer Fernmelderesen. (Signal Communication Engineering Plant).
The 3-cm tube was to be used as a model for the investigation of the
mechanical arrangement, especially of the cathode. In early November,
when the tube was given an Jmpulse of 7 Kt's, it was made to oscillate
for the first time and had a life time of two days. Another such tube
was in operation for several days in November. It was made to oscillate
even when its vacuum was rather pooro The cathode paste developed
proved usable. Impulse effects of 80 KW and, with an improved cathode,
even such of 400 KW were reached in accordance with values calculated
theoretically. The tests showed that the diameter of the cathode was a
critical factor for the build-up period (starting of the oscillating
process). Thereupon the diameter of the 1.25 c ! magnetrons was reduced
from 6 to 5 mm. After that reduction the tube could beaa.de to oscillate.
12. Dr. Praxmarer stated that he had succeded, while he was in the USSR, in epwing
the oscillation of magnetron tubes designed for a wave length of 1.25
cm. :e admitted, however, that conditions for experimenting had been
much more favorable there than in the GDR.2 The first samples of
the 1.25 cm tubes suffered from flash-over, between anode and cathode,
probably due to a defective vacuum and inadequate mechanical arrangement
of the cathode. The assembly of one tube lasted one day. In late
November, the flashovers were eliminated for the first time, and in
early December, the tube was repeatedly made to oscillate for a short
time. Subsequently, the tube was subjected to a continuous test extending
over three days. The tube was switched off for a short while, after that
it was again brought to oscillation. At the end of the experiment, the
output of the tube decreased, because scattering effects occurred in
the cathode. The tube was then disassembled and checked. Its output was
estimatec~by means of a water calorimeter,
In order to improve the high vacuum and make possible an easy exchange of
the cathodes, soldering. was abandoned for sealing purposes in December
1954, and a cylinder fitted with two conical slides was used instead.
A satisfactory vacuum was not achieved, however and for mass production
the set up of the cathode was not stable enough. In spite of this fact.,
it appears that the right way had been, chosen.
13. Praxmarer cannot posiibly htve worked on crystal problems in 3.954,
becauso he was entirely absorbed in the development of the La25'._ari
magnetron. On the other hand, Flietner.,who was coached by Professor
Hachenberg, was working on a paper related to problems of semiconductors.
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SEd 25X1
Since August, } 9540 Flietner had been assist-ed by Insert (fnu) 9 a student from
Potsdai:,. Both of them have been o:?de.red to :;?0V_, Rxrmani.um monocrystals-
14n Prior to late l954,> Dr, Jung dove:',aped a set designed to measure the
thickness and depth of salt lay.: s - Since early 1955 0 Dr., Jung has worked
on the development of a set d~si.t;, ed to d g ermine the location cc ron
pa>?ticlee swallowed by animals.
In October 1.954, D:.p?_^ i-Zgv Kaezinski continued the xcaearch work begun by
Sohuenemarnr. is~ the of sa;.d ::ay gene-Actors, Although Kaazinski --s
believed to be a capatLe r a.n:, ha does not have original ideas;
no outstandin results a :re to 'Ng axpet ted from his work
l5. In 1954, staff workexs a't the FI: Flo I u't'r were in opposition to Prbfessor
Hachenberg, the chief of the s.n?tituteo included
Dr. Praxmarer9 Dr. Jung, Dr, :;e:cn';ardt, and chief engineer Feik. The
spokesman of the group was Dr.: Praxmaxer. The apposition believes that
Hachenberg is only a second-rs:te scientist and does not have the
qualifications required for a Chief of the Institute. The members of this 25X1
group also blamed Rachenberg for having prepared the expedition for the
observation of the solar eclipse in an inadequate way. The
opposition consists 01 technical physicists, who are mainly interested
in problems of technology, while- &.chenberg comes from a university and
is mainly irxteres s;ed is. j.:heoreti?.a:, problems, above all in problems of solar
astronomy and semiconductors. Ha.henbergls plans did not fit in with the
missions assigned to the IL.H.I. In view of these plans, he did not shaw
mu --h. interest in the work done by :)r-. Reinhardt and Dr. Praxmarer, On the
other hand, he relied heavily on Dr. Jung who assisted him :>. the
development of receivers required, or the registration of solar rays in
the wavo ranges of 1. 5x 3, lO4 20, 50 and 200 cm,:
On i Sep wva: psex? 1954, throe ;I ? E~::? ; .:: t rofoas ors .~ oo,paliicd. It Dr. Otte:rr.
from the Deu': sche Akademie der ~:is:~ensohaf tot . (Germaxi Academy of Sciences )
and%ungarian interpreter visited the I1,FI~I. Dr. Jung and Schuenemenn
showed the guests, who were probabLy university professors, around the Institute
for five hours. The Hungarians wer'+a greatly interested in solar rese~arch.
They subsequently visited the Cpti.al Institute and the Institute of Crystal
Physics. On 3 September, three professors of physics of Prague University
visited the Institute, They warted to discuss problems of solar research
and semiconductors with Professor Ilachenberg0 who was absent. On the
following; days the Czechoslovaks were shown the Institute by Mo11vr25X1
'17. Dr. Hachenberg, Dr. Jung Dr. Itaben~horst and Dr. Reinhardt attended. the 25X1
conference of physicists . Durinu this
oonfe ?ence: Professor Schuetz of Jena University offered a previous assistant
of his a prc:fessorship In Jena0 The physicist
flatly refused the offer. The conference on problems related to semiconductors
ra,_- attended by Wallis