1. NERILAK METALLURGICAL COMBINE 2. DUDINKA HARBOR DIRECTORATE AND TRANSPORTATION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00810A007600380008-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 26, 2007
• Sequence Number: 8
• Publication Date: August 10, 1955
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the espionage LAws, Title
19, U.B.C. Dem. 799 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which In any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
COUNTRY USSR (Tay>tq*r 'Natiomal Ckrug) REPORT
SUBJECT 1. Nadrilsk ) t&llurgical Combine DATE DISTR. 10 August 1955
2e Dodinka Harbor Directorate and
Transportation NO. OF PAGES 1~F
DATE OF INFO.
PLACE ACQUIRED
DATE ACQUIRED
REQUIREMENT NO. RD
REFERENCES
This is UNEVALUATED Information
erilsk 1 tallurgical . Combine
1. The Itrilsk Netallmrgical Combine controlled the nickel sines, coal mines,
emriehsient plants, truck and rail transport, food shipments frig the south
and their distribution, and the varied service industries and economy of
*ilsk and its environs. The combine vas established in 1933, shortly after
the Soviets began to administer the Taymyr Peninsula. Mineralogical expe-
ditions Laid discovered rich ainieral desposits in 'various places in Txp7r,
especially nickel and copper, and specialists and forced labor were sent
Mutt to exploit t3eea. Because of the permafrost soil in the area and the
resulting Zack of forests which could provide fuel wood,. industrial activity
could not he started until adequate supplies of cos.]. were discovered. The
most extensive coal deposits were found at Norilsk, an the east 'frank of the.
Tenisey River. When coal production had become sufficient, construction on
nickel 'e1 's and concentration plants was started. Expansion of the aiaes
and p1 ,f continued even after the Soviets claimed that Norilsk was the
i"erisaoe't, nickel producer in the world and second 'in copper production.
2? 7h 1953-195k, there was talk among official circles in Norilsk that the
Norilsk industries would soon be named one of the great constructions of
Cmmisn (velikaya stroyka carpmwnissa) and would receive the best machinery
sat etquiprrent in the USSR . The USSR would have larger investments fcr .
building up the Arctic-Siberian industry than any other section of the USSR.
3. On page 8, there is a list of material and machinery shipped to Dudinka in
1953 far use in the Norilsk- Combine.
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STATE X ARMY X NAVY X AIR Y FBI AEC ? X
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4. The Norilsk factories and the town which grew with them were located in an
uninhabited tundra, There was no road or water connection with the outside
world, and, in the early years, it could be reached only by reindeer caravan.
An airport was located at Norilsk, which could accommodate four to six-ton
aircraft. During winter, extensive air transportation was supplied by the
Polar Aviation Administration (Polyarnaya aviatsiya).
Administration of the Combine
5. Construction of the Norilsk mines and their labor supply were under the control
of the MVD. The economic and administrative control of the MVD was so complete
that the Gosbank auditors had no right of review. In 1953, the administration
of the combine was transferred to the Ministry of Metallurgical Industry, and,
in 1954, to the Ministry of Nonferrous Metallurgy. The headquarters of the
combine was located-at Norilsk, and its chief for several years was its former
6. The total Norilsk labor force was approximately 200,000, of which about
40,000 were women and 80,000 prisoners. The number of prisoners was decreas.ng,
and the number of free workers rising. A large number of the free workers
were exiles from the Baltic republics, but there were workers from all parts
of the USSR and abroad. Numerous exiles and freed prisoners, who could not
leave the area, continued in the combine as specialists, administrators,and
transport workers. The labor force at the Norilsk Combine was+.ariginal y
composed of prisoners and exiles, but later the Soviets began to recruite
free workers, particularly specialists from the south. The native
population, which was primitive and ungifted, was not employed at the combine.
7. Frame workers signed a three-year contract and received free transportation
to their place of employment for themselves and their families, a subsistence
-a"owance for the auration of the trip, and a transportation allowance of 200
kgs of personal goods per person. Free workers also received longer summer
vacations than prescribed by law and every third year could take a trip home
at government expense. Salaries at the combine were mucch'higher than those
paid by other northern employers such as the municipal government and trade
orgsnizationa. During the navigl'ion season, the work day was lengthened to
ten hours throughout the combine (sic: See paragraph 17) and Sunday was
generally a work day. Payment was received for overtime but not at a higher
rate. Those who preferred to work instead of taking vacations were given
double pay for their vacation periods. Since exiles could not leave Dudinka
even for vacations, most of them preferred money to free time.
8. Free and exiled labor were paid according to the same wage scale. Party
members, however, received the best available housing, social activities
were arranged for them, and they had more freedom in selecting their place
of work. After Party members, Komsomol members, free non-Party workers,
former criminals, and political exiles or freed political prisoners received
preference in that order.
9. In spite of the extra benefits offered free workers, a serious labor shortage
existed because of the severe climate, housing shortage, and monotonous and
expensive food. The Soviets, therefore, resorted to forced labor. The labor
force in the nickel and coal mines consisted entirely of prisoners, political
and criminal. Prisoners generally received the same pay as free workers of
their trade, but their work day was one or two hours longer. The greater
portion of their salary was $or food, cis ' 5hing, and housing. A
m~.ximum of 150 rubles per montu wwu g ven each prisoner for tobacco and extra
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food purchases. The balance was credited to the prisoner, to be given to
him on his release, The Soviets attempted to raise the low level of the
prisoners' labor productivity by giving a three-day reduction in sentence
for each day of excess productivity to those prisoners who exceeded their
work novas by 151 percent, This led to various deceptions in production
recording; prisoners seldom fulfilled the percentages with which they were
credited. A complex wage system made many crooked practices possible also
in the payment of free workers, and so-called combinations in the issuance
of work specifications and wage scaling were used freely. Local officials,
however, were more concerned with plan fulfillment, upon which their careers
depended, than with the amounts spent or. labor compensation. In view of
the climate and other difficulties, completion of the plan was theoretically
impossible.
10. Dudinka (N 69-25, E 86-10) was established in approximately 1600 and became
a city in 1950. It was named after a fur trapper called Dudin, who had built
his cabin an the shore of the Yenisey near its Junction with the Menlo-Dudinke
River (sic). The settlement began to grow when it was selected for the port
of Norilsk. In 1954, the population was about 35,000; accurate population
figures had not been released. The town was growing rapidly,, and games years
ago a city plan had been issued whereby the most important areas were reserved
for the needs of the Norilsk Combine. Many of the most important sections
of the combine were located in Dudinka. (See list of ,dinky sections of the
Norilsk Combine on page 10 . )
12. Dudinka Harbor Directorate's subsidiary organizations contained 12,000 officials
and laborers. These were hired and separated at labor offices in Th2Ainka.
There were two such offices, one for specialists and higher officia-la, another
for ordinary labor, Sr. Lt. of the MVD Mosin (fnu), who directed these offices,
was generally hated for his combinations and dishonesty, "Lie* like Mosin"
was a emmon saying in Dudinka. The labor offices kept the work records of
all employees, and the archives' were large. When an ordinary employee joined
the combine, he bad to fill out a six-page questionnaire, but the would-be
official filled out a 36-page questionnaire, covering hundreds of questions,
which required out three days to answer, in addition to the detailed life
story of the dpplicant, the questionnaire included questions on relatives
and parents back to great grandparents. The questions were designed to reveal
the applicantas past, social origin, family position, .hd opinions. Mercy
questions were an possible relatives abroad, their situation, profession,
opinions, and correct address. It was also necessary to give the labor office
a written agreement that the signer, on pain of severe punishment-involving
ten to twenty years in prism, would keep secret everything he learned about
while working under the MVDo ,
Rail Transportation from Dudinka
13. There was no railroad south. from Dudinka. The reg:tor. south of Dudinka is
mostly swampy, with thousands of small lakes, and for this reason it was
considered impossible to build a railroad. from Krasnoyarsk to Dudinka,
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14. Railroad traffic was restricted to freight and passenger movement between
Dudinka and Norilsk, along a 120-km, single-track,Soviet-gauge railroad,
originally constructed as a narrow-gauge line in 1939-1941. Copper, nickel,
and uranium ore were transported on this line from Norilsk to Dudinka. The
line had many accidents and interruptions because of poor equipment, drunken
employees, thawing of embankments, overloading of track, and, in winter, breaking
of rails during severe frosts, which was a common occurrence. The line was
once built without major land fill by setting the ties directly in the earth
and attaching the rails. The permafrost on the Taymyr Peninsula thaws to a
depth of about 40 cm, and, for that reason, the top thawed layer will often
slide at the frost line. Locomotive equipment in Dudinka, in 1954, included
eight switching engines for assembling trains in the yards and about ten
freight locomotives. Norilsk probably had the same number of switching engines.
The rolling stock consisted largely of about 110 old 12-ton, open freight cars,
but recently 40 Tatra 60-ton freight cars were received, of which some bad
pneumatic Kippi (sic).2 Trains generally consisted of 10 to 12 large freight
cars or 30-35 of the smaller cars; locomotives were used at both ends. Fuel
used on the railroad was coal from Norilsk. In recent years, however, complete
electrification of this railroad was planned, and, in 1953, nine electric
locomotives made in Novosibirsk (sic) were sent to Norilsk. The electrification
plan was made by Eng. Capt. Lazarev with help from others, and the intention
was to complete electrification toward the end of 1957. Locomotives and cars
were repaired in the Dudinka depot. A smaller rolling stock repair shop was
located in Norilsk.
15. In the near future, there were to be rail connections from Novosibirsk to
Yakutsk, and it was planned to join the Norilsk industries to this railroad
network. In this connection, plans had been made for a railroad tunnel under
the Yenisey, and it was understood that construction had begun.
0 a technological discussion of the construction of the tunnel, according
to which many props were unnecessary, because the area had permafrost to a
depth of 200-250 metRrs. The earth to be excavated was thawed with steam,
and the earth removal was accomplished with machinery similar to coal mining
combines. After excavation, the tunnel wall was reinforced with concrete.
The construction of this railroad was kept very secret, and the route was
not yet known in the north. In early 1954, a motor vehicle depot of about
300 trucks was established in Mitskurinsk (sic), which might indicate that
the line should pass somewhere near this town. The head of the depot was
the former head mechanic of Dudinka Harbor, Kletskiy (fnu).
River Transportation
16. Ship traffic on the Yenisey River provided the main transportation between
Norilsk and other parts of the USSR and, in spite of severe climatic conditions,
was capable of supplying the Tyamyr Peninsula industries and population with
the necessities of life. This was a large task as the area produced no crops,
vegetables, livestock products, or other commodities of general use. The
growing industries of the Arctic areas required the import of many types of
machinery, equipment, and raw materials, and the lack of roads and railroads
made ship and barge transport necessary. Many passenger ships which also
carried freight, mostly package goods, Vlied between Dudinka and Krasnoyarsk.
The largest of these was the IOSIF STALIN, a modern motor ship; the older
sidewheel steamers included the ORDZHON7KIDZE, MAR IYA ULYANOVA, and V. M. MOLOTOV.
These ships carried 300 to 600 passengers. The IOSIF STALIN made the trip
from Krasnoyarsk to Dudinka in five and one-half days, the others in seven
days. The Dudinka-Krasnoyarsk run, against the current, took the IOSIF STALIN
seven days, the other ships ten. In August 1954, three large motor-diesel
ships arrived via the Arctic Ocean for service between Krasnoyarsk and Dudinka.
The ships were constructed in Germany and bad a carrying capacity of perhaps
5,000 tons. It was said they had accommodations for 600 passengers and were
to enter service during the navigation season of 1955.
17. Barge caravan from Krasnoyarsk to Dudinka was the most important means of
freight transport. In recent years, the river fleet had received several
self-powered., diesel motor barges of 4,000-6,000 gross registered tons, but
tug-towed barges, averaging six to eight barges in a tow, still predominated'.
The barges were generally wooden and about 3:000 to 5,000 tons capacity. The
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shortage of river transport equipment was severe, so loading and unloading
was speeded to the limit, regardless of cost. Each barge had a specified
layover time., and if it was not free in that time, the Harbor Dtrectorate
had to pay 3,000 to 5,.000 rubles a day for overtime. So many prisoners and
other labor were used in loading and unloading that they were frequently in
each otherts way. Machines of all kinds were used in loading and unloading
in liberal quantities, and work vent an in three shifts without pause through-
out the uaviagation season. Naptha and other liquid fuels were transported
by 6,000-tan tank barges, Lighter barges., fitted with six cranes, 'ere also
used.
18. When necessary, local officials could order members of the local populace not
ordinarily employed by the combine to perform unloading tasks. It was
particularly neetsaaay in late fall when barges carrying potatoes and cabbage
arrived. These cargoes bad to be stored immediately as protectich from the
frost., and., if frost threatened? all the work force of Dudinka 3roa the
municipal government, hospitals, schools., and offices., both meh"and women.,
were drafted to help in the unloading. Cabbage and potatoes were not sold to
individuals or organizations not actively participating in unloading. In
spite of this incentives the cargoes were frequently damaged by frost,
particularly because of the lack of adequate sheltered storage space.
Sea Transport
19, Five to s!ix sea-going ships from the Kara Sea, which had circled the
scan inav an peninsula., stopped at Dudinka. They were all Soviet ships and
inciudtd the AINU AL NUIKOV and the .1NEN.ilETT Y. Foreign ships were not
permitted to atop at Dud.inka, an their way to Igarka, where there 1 a large
sawmill producing lu=ber for export. Sea travel bad a shorter season by
came and ane?half months than river travel, as the Kara Sea opened later in
spring and froze earlier in fall than the more southerly portions of Use
`fenisey. Ships from the Arctic Ocean to the north brought machinery. equilr-
mentj, and food from the ports of Riga., Tallinn, and Leningrad. As return
cargos they carried preserved fish from Dudinka and Utt Part fish canneries,
furs, preserved reindeer meats metals, and other produce of the region, and
filled their coal bankers at Dudinka t e canal harbor.
20. The barber at Dudinka had. docks totaling two and one-half km and six cranes
of Marian mranufactiwe, with capacities of five to 16 tons. The harbor was
strictly guoarded and separated from the town by a barbed wire fence, In the
barber area, each employee bad to have a pass with his photograph.
The Navigation Season
21. The Dudinks. meteorological station made forecasts of the spring breakup
and water levels on the Yenisey River near DenolinkR, each year, oeginning
in 1929. Usually, the ice departed Dadinka between 25 May and 15 June.
The esmkup was strong and smashed all harbor installations left to the
flood waters, The breakup and flood on the southern Tenisey caused a
great ice was pressure toward the north, forcing the ice at Duda , which
was tyro meters thick and had not melted., to break up and Jam into''assive
dam. The eater level rose up to 12 cetera above its usual level, and the
ice masses were shoved far and high above the shore. Because of this, no
permanent buildings could be constructed near the river, and the harbor
railroad bad to be rebuilt each year. In 1953, during an average breakup,
many dwellings near the bunk were destroyed., and the Dud i nka Naptt -and
Bensine Depot would have been destroyed completely if the water bad risen
one-half meter higher, In recent years, attempts were made to prevent ice
jam by explosive mining and bombing from the air.
22. Ships and barges in fudinka had to return to Krasnoyarsk and its-nearby
docks in the beginning of October, as the freeze-up could occur astonishingly
fast. In fall 1953, an entire barge caravan froze fast near Igarka. In spite
of salvage workers brought in from all over the region, only a portion of the
caravan was salvaged., and tens of tractors, trucks., and other machinery sank
when the barges were crushed by the pressure of the ice. The duration of
the shippingeason in the latitude of Dudink_? was from 10 May to 1 October.
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Frequently, spring came late, and the first ships from the south would arrive
in Du.dinka about 20 June,, The barge caravans usually had time to make three
or four round trips from Krasnoyarsk to Dudinka.
Air Facilities
23. An airport was located on a peninsula between the Yenisey and Mato..Dudinka
Rivers. The field was 800 x 1,700 meters and quite flat. The romy was
a narrow, straight strip in a north-eouth position. Large planes could land
only if flying into a strong wind. The field did not have a bard surface
and,xmen the fall rains began in August, was difficult to use. After the
ground from at the first of October, the field could be used until spring.
The. field vas only approxisately four meters above the normal level of the
Yenisey and was Maur water during the spring breakup and flood- The field
vas not dry enough for use until the end of June. Airport buildings for
traffic direction, radio station, and meteorological service were located
on the east side of the field. Approximately 20 dwellings Tor airport personnel
were also located an the edge of the field.,
24. 4djnU - Airport was under the Polar Aviation Administration (Polyaxrmya
aviatsiya), but occasionally Aeroflot and Soviet Army aircraft landed there,
the latter acne Imes on training flights. There were no military airfi3lds
at Dud nk .
25. A seaplane base was located about two kilometers north of Dudirka, on the
want bank of the Yenisey. Two or three single-engine aircraft were in use
for transportation to nearby destinations, as they could land on the tundra
lakes.
Local Transportation in Dudinka
26. Passenger travel in town was served by a single 25-passenger bus at the be-
ginning of 1954. '.This' hoe carried passengers three ka from the edge of the
town to the railrtnad station. There were no taxis. For transport at the
nick, the Taymyr 0krug Hospital bad an ambulance, beginning in 195.. in
addition to the Chief of the Harbor Directorates official car, there was
one private car, and it had. been useless for a couple of years for lack of
spays parts. Xotorcycles were said, in recent years, and there were perhaps
30 in use in the town.
Transport of goods was provided by the combinets motor vehiclet'ts. The
motor vehicle depot had about 45 two and oraeobalf ton trucks and `ten three-
axle, six-ton trucks. The depot also had 0 tractors, mostly Stalinets models.
Muck of the eq uipsaent was unfit for use because of the need of repairs and
spare ports, nth prisoners and free workers were employed as tru. and
tractor- drivers. Hemmm of heavy snowfall and blizzards, the twit's streets
were often impassable for vehicles; for this reascn,horse and ox?drawn vehicles
carried a significant part of the goods. Ike horse depot had. about 50 horses
and 35 oaoen. Horses were used in temperatures down to -38 degrees centigrade
and amen dcvn to -42 degrees centigrade.
llacdinka Secw 1.7
28. A sawmill was located approximately four km east of the center of Dudinka
and was subordinate to the Dudinka Harbor Directorate under the Norilsk
CUmhine. The mill inCluaded the following sub-sections s
a.
Office: Director, head engineer, planning section, work and salary section,
technical section, and bookkeeping section,
b.
Sawmill No. I::
Two GG 8-2 sax frames,, 0 600 m.
Two P-6. saw frames, 0 600 mm.
Two ta.ilroad tie saws.
c.
Sallmill Noe 11'
Two GG S-2 saw frams
Two R-6 saw. fres , 0 600 mm.
, 0 600 mm.
One Who= edging saw.
One "8pontting" and planing machine., four-bladed,
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d. Sammill No. III: One Bolinder fast frame, 0 750 M.
one Bolinder fast from., 0 750 met. Soviet man tf eture .
One Hihonla edging saw.
e. Central repair shop: The shop employed 30 to 35 mechanics and contained
the following equipment :
One DIP-200 lathe.
One 2001 lathe.
One level plane echine.
One vertical drill press,, 0 18 sta.
Two eceplex electric welding machines.
Sp xe saw frames and other machines necessary to the
lava II a.
Each sawmill had its corn small repair shop and office.
29. The sawmill bad a work capacity of 400,000 cubic meters of round timber each
year. Timber arrived in rafts from southern Siberia and was lifted ashore by
means of Bolinder type of cranes. Finished lumber, chiefly one-inch boards,
planks 60 x 100, 80 x 120, and 80 x 200 m.,was mainly sent by rail to Norilsk;
about eight percent was used in construction in Dudinka.
Climatic Conditions
30. The mean temperature in the Dudinka area in January was -42 degrees centigrade
and in February was -44 degrees centigrade; the temperature occasionally dropped
to -72 degrees centigrade. Strong northeast winds blew throughout the winter,
with occasional blizzards lasting several days. During the blizzards, street
traffic ceased, and schools and places of work were closed, since movement out-
doors became practically impossible. During the winter, thousands of prisoners
and much mechanical equipment were required to keep the roads passable. The
polar night lasted for three months, with only a short period of twilight in
the middle of the day. In summer, however, the sun did not sink below the
horizon. The ground was frozen to a depth of 250 meters and thawed to a depth
of 40 centimeters in the summer.
Food Supplies
31. Food a the Taymyr Peninsula consisted mainly of black bread, canned fruit and
fish, and 190-proof alcohol. Scurvy and rickets among children were common.
Vodka and other alcoholic beverages were available only during the shipping
season, as the low temperatures in the area prevented them being stored. White
bread was sold only to a very limited extent, usually on days preceding important
political holidays. Wheat flour was not sold in stores, and people could not
remember it ever being sold. One to one and a half kg of wheat flour, could be
obtained at one's place of employment before public holidays. Sugar was quite
often available in the stores during 1952-1954, at 12.5 to 16 rubles per kg.
Potatoes and cabbage in limited quantities were the only vegetables available
and only during a short period in fall when supplies arrived from the south.
It was necessary to lay in supplies for the year in the fall, and since storage
facilities were poor, much of the food spoiled. Milk was 10 to 12 rubles per
liter, eggs five rubles each, and few people could afford them. Butter and meat
were rarely available in the stores, and fresh fish was never sold in the stores.
Fish could sometimes be purchased from private fishermen at about the same price
as butter (sic). Two sovkhozy were experimenting with cattle raising but so
far results had been negligible.
omments
1. Zverev has been reported to be other of Arsea iy Grigoryevich, the USSR
Minister of Finance. According to other information, however, 25X1
the director of the combine is Technical Col. Vladimir Aleksandrovich Z?verev,
and the difference in patronymic would indicate they were not brothers.
2. This is possibly a tipping device, from the German kippen (to tip).
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Shipments to Dudinka
Following is a list of materials and machinery which were sent by barge from
Zlobino , Base, Krasnoyarsk,to Dudinka warehouses in 1953. The materials bad
arrived during the winter at Zlobino Base, Krasnoyarsk,and were sent to Dudinka
for transmittal to Norilsk. An expeditor accompanied cargoes from Zlobino ,
and he turned cargoes over to the receiving engineer at destination along with
bills of lading and charges.
1. Round, angular, sheet, L and I shaped steel, marked Stal-3, 5, 7, 10, 12H
(sic: possibly Kh), many thousands of tons.
2. Railroad rails: Normal, concrete steel, diameter 12, 16,and 25 mm.
3. Alloys: Babbit 16, Iabbit 83, brass, bronze, aluminum, duraluminum, and
Pobedite (for lathe cutting bits).
$. Ebonite, Bakelite, tekstolite (sic),plywood, plastics, glue
materials, casein, acetone, turpentine, mineral spirits, lacquers, and other
chemical products.
5 Winch machines, cone shaped brake belts, electrical conductors and cables,
lighting circuit supplies, and armatures. Water pipes, 1 inch-12 inch
diameter, waterpipe (?) armatures, nails, machine and woodscrews, and other
construction materials.
6. DIP 220 metal lathes: 1750 mm. between centers; center height 185 mm.
(The above were made in the USSR.) Eight lathes arrived in 1953.
7. Metal milling machines.- Cincinnati Universal, made in USA. Two arrived
in 1953.
8.
9. Alternating current electrical welding machines: E lektrosila models, made
in Leningrad, arrived in 1953, about 80 complexes with transformers.
10. Stalinets tractors: Caterpillar tracks, 80 hp; 22 received.
11. Trucks: Two and one-half-ton Molotov factory product; 16 received.
401.
12. Trucks: Six-ton, three-axle, ZIM marks; three received.
13. Used buses: Forty passenger, Soviet manufacture, ZIM marks. These were
used formerly in Moscow and when they changed to large models, the old ones
were sent to Norilsk for city transport.
14, Electric locomotives: Four-axle, 2,000 hp, Soviet made; nine received.
15. Stalinets excavators: One and one-half cubic meter bucket, self-propelled,
caterpillar-tracked; four received.
16. Czechoslovakian Tatra railroad cars: Sixty-ton, for coal transport
Norilsk-Dudinka, hopper-type; 16 received. ?
17. Small electric mining locomotives: 600 hp. Made in Kuybyshev factory (sic).
18. Bolinder-type saw frame: Two-story, first turning bar (drive shaft?)
diameter 750 m for logs. Ilich . marks, made in Moscow at 7.avnd iimmi
Ilicha (sic), a complete plagiarism of saw frame
one received in 1953.
19. Mihoma edging saw:
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20. Framesaw-. Madre by Kuybyshev factory, "R-6" marks, one and one-half stories,
two drive shafts (turning bars), for 600 mm diameter logs; three received.
21. Automatic saw sharpeners-. Made at Zavod imeni Ilicha. Complete copy of
Bolinder automatic sharpener.
22. Electric motors: 64 kw, Stromberg $zctory; three received.
Electric motors: 60 kw, Siemens factory; three received. Tens of smaller
motors of German, Czech, and USSR make,
23. Mineralogical microscopes; 20,000 paver.
24. Mineralogical spectroscopes.
25. Electric meters, ammeters, and milliammeters.
26. Pyrometers: 600-3000? C, several hundred, staff shaped.
27. Self-registering pyrometers: Diameter about 400 mm.
28. Meteorological instruments, thermometers, hygrometers, barometers, and
anemometers: Hundreds of items.
29 Metallurgical electrodes: 1- 1200, diameter 1)4.00 mm; thousands of items.
30. Tools for metal workers, carpenters, painters, and electricians.
31. Laboratory equipment for chemists and mineralogists.
32. Radio sets for radiofication of kholkozy; A bout four kw power. These had
a six-tube superheterodyne receiver, transmitter for voice or code, and a
record player. Made in the USSR.
25X1
2bA1
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 Approved For Release 2007/10/26: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007600380008-2
The Organization of the Dudinka
Harbor Directorates Norilsk
Combine
Number Name of Organization
1. Dudinka Harbor Directo-
rate (Upravleniye
Dudinskogo porta)
2. Technical Section
(Tekhnicheskiy otdel)
3.
Planning Section
(Planovyy otdel)
Finance Section
(Ftr nsovyy otdel)
5.
Head bookkeeper
(Giavusya bukh-
gaiteriya)
6. Labor Section for
Leading Workers and
Engineer-Technical
Workers. (Otdel
kadrov dlya rukovod-
ye.shchykh i inzbenerno-
tekhniehesikykh raboebfth)
7?
Workers' Labor Section
(Otdel rabocbykh ke.drov)
8. Stevedoring Section
((;rusovoy ucbastok)
Chief Dispatchers
Section (Otdal glavnogo
dispetabera)
10. Food and Consumer
Goons Depot (Basa PPT
- sass pitavykh
promyshlermykh tovarov)
Type of
Duties Workers
Transmit orders from the head Free
of Norilsk Combine to subsidi-
ary organizations and supervise
their execution.
Work on technical projects; Free and
making and safe-keeping of exiled
drawings; technology.
Assign tasks according to the Free
budget plan and report or. their
fulfillment to planning Section
in Norilsk
Supervise planned budget ful- Free
fillment, economy in use of
government supplies, and control
the monetary affairs of subsections
Keep books of harbor adminis- Free
tration and supervise book-
keeping of subsections by
means of its auditors.
Recruit spec ml ists,deterntne Free
their competence; keep work
records, mule work agreements.
Recruit workers for harbor Preis
administration, keep records,
mks work agreemsnta.
Unhead incoming freight and prisoners,
transport to warehouses; load exiles, and
railroad, freight care for trans- free
port to Norilsk; load departing
ships and barges.
Supervise and plan loading and Free
unloading of moving stock such
as ships, barges, railroad cars
through dispatchers attached to
subsections; also supervise
transport by motor vehicle and
harass.
Store and preserve food and Free, exiles,
consumer goods for sale by and prisoners.
the stores of the combine.
Had a two - three years'supply.
S-E-C-R E-T
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S-,E-C-R-E-T
Number Name of Organization
11. Technical Material and
Equipment Depot (Baza
teklmicheslg kh materialov
i oborudovmniia - Haas
)
TWO
12. Harbor Mainte ance
(Snabshaniye porta-
Portsnab)
13. Dudinka Construction
Office (Dudinskaya
stroykontora)
Wood Materials Section
(Lesnoy uchastok)
15, Dud{nkn Sawmill
(Lesozavod upravieniya
dudinskogo p orta )S three
saaaills and central re-
pair shop.
16. Water Transport -
River Transport Section
(Otdal vodnogo transporta)
17. Shipyards
(Oudoverf)
18. Railroad Junction
(Zhelesnodoroshayy uzel)
19. Railroad Depot ftp)
Coal section (Ugolnyy
ucbastok)
Petroleum Warehouse
(Jeftebass )
22. Trade Section (Torgovyy
otdel ). Activities in
Duddinka: Most refriger-
ation., food warehouse,
consumer goods warehouse,
clothing sales, sewing,
footwear repair, bath-
house, hotel, three
restaurants, 20 retail
stores, slaughter house,
and kiosks.
Duties
Storage at Dudinka of technical
material and equipment needed
for Norilsk activities and
transmittal of same to Norilsk.
Technical supplies, machinery,
building supplies, procuring
for use of subsections- of
Dudinka Harbor Administration.
Construction work on harbor
installations and buildings
of the trust in Dudinka.
Dismatele rafts floated in
from south, load. round timber
on railroad ears for Norilsk,
and deliver wood to sawmill
in Duciinka.
Saw boards, planks, beams,
flooring,and roofing for
construction work in Dudinka
and Norilsk.
Responsible for questions of
organisations connected with
river transport, prepare
technical drawings for ship
building,azd assign tasks to
Dudinka shipyards.
Build and repair barges,
repair tugs, clean boilers,
repair diesel motors.
Railroad travel between
Dudinka and Norilsk.
Repair locomotives and
cars.
Receive coal from Norilsk
and deliver it to users in
Dudinka and to steamships.
Receive naptba, bens ine,
petroleum, kerosene, and
lubrication oil cargoes;
deliver them to Norilsk or
Dudinka conavaers.
Food and consumer goods
import and sales; operation
of stores, Jgcluding special
stores wdth better goods
reserved for combine officials
and MVD personnel.
jz! of
s
Workers
Free and
exiles.
spree and
exiles.
Prisoners,
exilessand
free.
Prisoners,
exiles and
free.
Prisoners,
exiles, and
free.
Exiles and
free
Exiles, frees
and prisoners.
Exiles, free.,
and prisoners.
Free, exiles
and prisoners.
Prisoners,
freed and
exiles.
Exiles,
prisoners,
and free
Free and
exiles
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 Approved For Release 2007/10/26: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007600380008-2
S-E-G R-E=
Type of
Number Name of Organization Duties Workers
23. Repair and Machine Make larger machine repairs Prisoners,
Building Subsections make spare parts, loading exiles, and
Mechanical section, lathe devices and machines foundry free
and milling section, and other metal working for
mechanical forge and needs of the combine.
machine pressing, wood
model section, foundry,
precision instrument re-
pair, scale and measuring
apparatus repair, office
sachine and clock repair,
and acetylene cutting and
welding section. (Remontno-
masterskiy t sekh)
2$. Motor Vehicle Depot Provide local transport by
(Avtobaza) truck and tractor; maintain
and repair motorized stock.
25. Horse and Ox Depot Provide local transport with
(Konbesa) horse or ox-drawn vehicles.
26. Fodder Warehouse Supply Dudinka and Norilsk
horse depots with fodder.
27. Chief llaehaniats Section Supervise all harbor machinery
(Otdel glavnngo as to efficient and proper
mokbanika) use; supervise timely capital,
basd.e,e.nt temporary repair
according to plant supervise
use of scarce raw materials=
arrange distribution of new
equipment to industries.
28.
Prisoners,
exiles, and
free
Exiles,
free, and
prisoners
Prisoners,
exiles, and
free
Free and
exiles
Supervise use of coal and other Exiles,
furls l distribute and obligate free.,and
electrical emergyj maintain prisoners
power line Norilsk-Dudinka and
city lighting in Dudinka.
pair shop, light and power
network, central laboratory.
Chief Energetics section
(Otdal glaveego
enwgvtik*)? with the
following subsection:
Transformer station,
diesel-electric plant in
DULinba, electrical re-
29. Radio station (Radiousel) Radio communication to other Free
units of the combine and to
ships.
30. Meteorological Service Transmit Weather forecasts and Free
(Metsosluzhba) gather local data for work
conditions, flying, and shipping,
31 Technical Standards Advance training it various Frei
Section (Otdel tekh- creftef establish level of
minimums) skill of workera,aad issue
certificates of proficiency.
V
32. Bureau of Rationalization Act on suggestions made to Free and
and Invention (Byuro committee of experts re im- exiles
ratsiomalizateii i proveaoent of work methods,
izobretatelstva) machinery, and equipment; give
monetary awards for approved
S-E-C-R-E-T
4
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 Approved For Release 2007/10/26: CIA-RDP80-0081 OA007600380008-2
S-E-C-R-E-T
-13-
Number Name of Organization
33. Work Protection Section
(Otdal okhrans truda)
34. Communal Economy Section
(Otdal komrmmalnogo
khozyayetvo)
35. Polyclinic and hospital
(Bolnitsa koabinata)
36. Work and Salary Section
(Otdel truda i zaplaty)
37? Work-Conflict Commsission
(R K.. rabaohaya
konfliktuays kaeonis' iyg )
38. Coon al Court
(Torarishoboskiy sud)
39. special section
(Spetlotdelaiy)
40. Fire Protection Commaid
(Posbsrnoys k commando )
41. Cosmuaist Youth
'(Kaasnolskaya
orgaaisatsiya)
Type of
Duties vra
suggestions. Issue instructions
on adoption of new inventions
and make propaganda to bring
work methods up to date.
Study accidents, suggest safe Free and
working methods and reward exiles
suggestions on this subject.
Prohibit dangerous work and
suggest punishment for disregard
of safety rules. Make propagw2da
on improving work safety at the
place of work and in the public
press.
Plan dwelling construction for Tree, exiles,
combine employees, repair and prisoners
dwellings, maintain water
distribution, care for local
transport.
Medical care of combine Free and
employees. Medical exams. exiles
Prescribe work norms and wages Free and
suited to local conditions for exiles
all work in the combine.
Establish wage scales in all
subsections with aid of
normirovshik of section and act
asra b in disputes between
employer and employees.
Organ with power of law in work Free
disputes to which each worker can
turn. Works with Work and Salary
Section.
Count of judgment by workers Pres
and officials of subsections;
the court punishes flagrant
violations of work discipline
such as tardiness and absenteeism,
Severest punishment is lose of 50
percent of salary for one year.
MVD filial. Check eaxployee KVD
reliability, distribute passes
for forbidden work areas, gard
prisoner work force by means of
secret agents. Guard depots,
warehouses, harbor area, and rail-
road area.
Provide fire protection for Free and
combine property and make exiles
propaganda on fire protection,
Organise local Komsomol groups Komsomol
in each industry, carry on pol-
itical and labor agitation, and
issue wall posters.
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B-E-C-R E -T
NU&bcr Now of Or nization. Duties
42. Comm list Party Organize Party units in CP
Organization (Partiinaya industries) supervise tasks members
orgsnizatsiya) assigned by party bureau on
plan fulfillment and work
43. Trade Union Organization
(Profsoyuznaya
organizatsiya)
discipline. Make political
propaganda.
Organize each industry's trade Exiles and
union structure, which has pri- free. Gen-
mary task to propagandize for erally all
plan fulfillment. Membership free workers
obligatory in practice. Dues
one percent of gross pay.
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