STUDY OF THE ORIGINS AND ACTIVITIES OF THE UNDERGROUND MOVEMENT WIN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00926A000700030001-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 8, 2002
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: November 10, 1948
• Content Type: REPORT

CENTffAL-FNTE~.LZ?aFi~CE- AGEKCY- , (REPORT'
? ~ ~ D~ ~D~ D~~;DD~~~I~~~' D~~D~~
COUNTRY Poland DATE DISTR. NO ft-,F
SUBJECT Study of the Origine and Activities of the Under- NO. OF PAGES 9
ground 3ovea=t edged
PLACE
ACQIJ oREO
DATE
ACQUIRED
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
25X1A
SUPPLEMENT TO 25X1 X
REPORT NO.
Bacig~ourrad
la 'WANT - 0olrnasc i Niezaleznoso (Freodomli,,ahd Independence) was born from the will
and determination of the Polish Under round leadcro and members of the AK
QArra Krajowa) o Underground Army, during the German occupation, to preserve
and.continae the ideology which prompted the Polish people to resist first the
Germans, and then after Germany's defeat, the Russian-Soviet invaders, New
conditions, and changed ciroum$tanceg demanded reorganization of )r see, methods
and objectives. Gera and the Gestapo were one thing, the Cost push,
thce Red Army ? s advance, then Soviet occupation,' HKVD and UB infiltration were
aKn Yahero
During the first half of 19449-the AK consisted of some. 600,000 men and women
organized into first line troops, partisan and diversionary detachments., special
liaison and engineer units? with a,fully built-up chain of command., service,
propaganda, qupply, educational, medical and odor raee Auxiliary units. Efficiently
functioning intelligence and counter-intelligence, radio and other liaison units
kept commanders in the field in steady contact with HQ and the underground Govern-
ment in Poland. There existed also officer and non-com training schools.
D The Red Army entered Poland in Jan 1944 and by Junta arrived at the Vistula,
occupying half of pre-1939 Polish terx'itoryo Just fore the Red Aranyos entry
into Poland, the High Command of the AK in conjunction with the underground
Government and the Government in exile decided to increase sabotage and partisan
activity, and it was then that the fi ' tins forest units were developed in full
strength with the objective of operating in the German Arryrs rear in cooperation
with the Led Arty, This operation called ((Operation Burzat9 put into action just
ahead of the advancing Soviet Arty came into full swing in Liarch 1944 and con-
tinued till September of that same year9 whole Polish underground divisions took
part in this operation and as they went into action established contact `tiaith the
Soviet commanders, thus strictly adhering to orders received from the 3overnment
in Exile? Thanks to this contact with the Red Ara:y, these units laid themselves
open to NIA penetration. Lass arrests and deportations took. place in the
trail of the Red Armyas advance. Not all units of the AK could take part in
operation Burza9 and not all unity were able to take part in full strength
there was a lack, of weapons, especialy rifles, machine guns and automatic weapons
Units in full strength were only used in the eaa.rsaww uprising.
CLASSPFiCAT1ON rconwwTnr,,.vPT, T.
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Approved-For Release 2002/07/24: CRpP80-00926A000700030001-2
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Approved For Release 2002/OlY 6?Jdl4 kD'P80-00926A00070003000 -2 2 X1 A
4a Cooperation with the Red Axr. v~ 1 ~1'UD + ~v1 ~,- azted ZAaen the fo r? (gz esed
the old Polish 1939 frontier and was continued until the Lad Araby a ?ived "
at the line of the Vi sta la4 isa oka9 and was still in action baleen the Soviets
crossed the Vistula in the Kielce region. (July 1944)
5. As the Led Army advanced, the NKV disarmed and arrested all those from the
ASK they could lay their hands on. Liaes deportations to Siberia then started.
VaW members of the AK were also killed duriw, the round-up by the INK M,
6. Tiii"s experience in connection with Burza became known to; the AK best of the
Vistula tiisloka and cooperation with the Red Army was elii inated. Burza ended
in January 1945 Been the AK was dissolved by Presidential decree. This decree
reached certain out of the way units only in 1,iarch. The majority of the AN
was sent home, with orders to stay alerted. This decree found most members
of the rant: and file of the AID unwilling; to disband, and units recruited from
regions occupied by the Led array were simply unable to go home. The perse-
cution- of those who had cone home kept many in the forests., and many reported
back after having been disbanded. Orders by the High Command of the AK to
liquidate the aK never actually meant a complete cessation of its existence;
and were Given mainly to reduce the contingents, and to disband the front line
units. kith the Presidential decree of January 19459 'came orders to Generals.
Okulic19 who' had succeeded General Bor-Kornorowski as GiC of the A K9 to build
an u.nderUound organization with long-range objectives basing it on new
power considerations. This organization was called 1 and was still military
in character. ' ao situations developed irr diately after this ME was started:
the UB had penetrated it in its first stages; and the political leadership which
had not been consulted about; .INIE protested its e