POLISH-GERMAN FRONTIER AREA: LOMNICA PGR TEAM/ AGRICULTURAL LABOR AND SALARIES/WOP GARRISONS/NEW AGRICULTURAL REGULATIONS/MINE-SWEEPING ACTIVITIES

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-00926A006800240001-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 3, 2002
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: February 16, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

CONFIDINTIAL
Approved For Release 2002/05/07 : CIA-RDP80-00926A006800240001-2
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY Poland
SUBJECT Polish-German Frontier Area: Lomnica PGR Team
Agricultural Labor and S aries/r1OP Garrisons ew
Agricultural Regulations ne-weeping Activities
PLACE ACQUIRED
(ey SOURCE)
DATE ACQUIRED
(ay SOURCE)
DATE (OF INFO.)
SOURCE
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THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES. WITHIN THEMEANING OF TITLE IA. SECTIONS 723
AND 794. OF THE U.S. CODE. AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR REVE-
LATION OF ITS CONTENTS TO OR RECEIPT NY AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS
P . 1.. T. . Pt T PR,
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
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L. The following information dates through August
"Only very few individual farmers are stillliving in the area located directly on-
the borderline between Zgorzelec (German: Goerlitz) and Sieniawka (German: Klein-
u) at the southernmost end of the Polish-German frontier-line on the Neisse
jiver. In this ways, it is typieSi of other frontier segments. The majority of
localities have been arranged as either PeRs or kolkhozes.
.
The various PGRe of this area are attached to the PSR-team of Lomnica (german:
Lomnitz) with its management seated in Donny (German: Inhna). This POR-team ha.. the
Library
number "21 and consists of the ,following estates: gee map available on loanihntiCIA Map
a. Czerwona Wide golaf7 (German: Rot)tiwasser)
b. Lasow or Lasowa (German: Lissa); primarily operating as a chicken-farmwith
specialization in incubator-instaMetions. (Lasow is supplied with over by a
high-tension cable from the German wide.)
e. Jedrzychowlee (German: Iennersdorf)? a model PGR for the entire team.
d. Lagow (German: Leopoldsheyn). On this PGR? located in a suburb of Zgorzelec,
vegetables are the main branch of eultivation. The majority of the PIR laborers
here are Greek females. (Zgorzelec has hied one of the largest settlements of
former Mhrkos soldiers and their fondlies.)
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This report is for the use within the USA of the Intelligence components of the Departments or
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originating office through the Assistant Director of the Office of Collection and Dissemination, CIA.
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C?
e. Dluzyna (German: LanGenatt)
f. Jerzmanki (German: Iermsdorf). TOR (the technical service station for agricul-
ture) is located here and in the vicinity of the railway station are the CPN
warehouses (State-owned enterprise dealing in lUbricants) from where all sur-
rounding PGRs are supplied. with both oil and gasoline.
g. Kunow (German: Kahna); also in this locality a number of Greek laborers are
employed. In this PGR is stationed a central blacksmith workshop for the service
of the surrounding PeRs.
h. Kozmin (German: Kosma). As this estate was badly damaged during World War
the fields of this Pa are now worked and cultivated by a laborees brigade
from Miaow.
Lomnica (Berman: Lomnitz) is one of the largest PeRs of the described area.
Radomderzyce (Berman: Radneritz), an estate with a large castle and park
situated partly on a !Jesse River island.
k. Kostrzyna (Berman: Trattlav)
1. Dzialoszyn (Berman: Koenigshain)
Zatonie (German: Seitendorf); the Pa covers the western part of this village
IM stretches for over a few kilometers. The locality is inhabited by many
workers from the nearby brown coal mine.
n. Turoszow (Berman: Tterchau)? which specializes in sugarbeet plantation.
o. Rybarzowide (German: Reibersdorf); primarily specializing in horticulture
and hot-hour cultivation, as well as plants from which oil and fat are obtained.
LaSt,year 3.95g. sheep-breeding was started but ended,a complete failure as
300 out Of O0 sheep as eep (whichwas the stock at the beginning) died from lack of
proper care.
P. Bialopole (Berman: Sommerau); a sugar beet plantation.
q. Bogatynia (German: Reichenau); a small POR specializing in vegetable and fruit
cativatiOn. This PGR is on the outskirts of the small locality which is known
for its traditional textile industry (main line: carpet-manufacture).
Kopacsew (Berman: Oberullersdorf)- sugar beet plantations-.
4. "The Lomnica PGR-team covers an area stretching for over 45 kilometers from north to
south. Although it-is one of the largest teams in Poland, it is also one of the
poorest. In 1952, the team was in the red for approximately eight million zlotys.
Such outstandingly large losses can be accounted for by:
a. exorbitant and poorly-considered investments. An example of this is the
strawberry cultivation in Rybarzovice. It was necessary to plough this over
after a few months on-account of carelese weeding. A second example is the
introduction of sheep-breeding (also in Rybarzowice). The Merino-type sheep
were put under the care of unskilled shepherds with the result that the
majority of the sheep died for lack of proper care. A third example is the
new modern pigsty for breeding swine which VAS established in Bialopole. The
majority of these swine died from lack of proper fodder.
b. lack of manpower. On the average, there is only one permanent laborer allocated
to each approximately 30-hectare land-stretch in each estate. This must be
considered as completely inadequate. The Greek laborers, the brigades, the
SP id-1=13a Polseg Communist youth organization or the so-called *voluntary
brigades* recruited from workers or soldiers are not sufficient to overcome
this lack of manpower.
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5."Although there are actually no fields left uncativated, the farming produce is
rather poor as it lecke care in cultivation and: breeding. The mein reason for the
shortage of laborers is the verylow wade scale. For example, a field laborer
receives around 250 zlotys a month; a laborer working with a horse in a field
around. 300 to 350 zlotys a month; a groom or a cow-keeper 450 zlotys a month.
6. The only betternaid groups-in the-PGRa are tractor-drivers, who receive around
9Q0 zlotys a month. In 1952, an allowance to be paid in addition to the wages,
of 34 kgs of wheat per capita every quarter was introduced. Iogevet, this wheat
goad be diatributed to the laborers only after the obligatory quota to the State
warehouses had been delivered. As a further inducement to laborers, mess-canteens
-have ow been organized on the Ms, where, at rather low cost, food is served'
three tines a day.
7. "There are no industries which are related to agriculture in the entire area.
Products which can be used in industry are exported to other areas. The remaining
commodities are utilized as supplies for four larger centers in the area:
a. Zgorzelec (district town which has a strong WOP garrison)
Bogatynia (textile industry)
c. Ttrow (brown coal mine)
d. SulikoW (German: Schoenberg) (basalt quarry).
8. As the area is on the frontier-line, strong WOP posts have been set up in the fol-
lowing localities:
a. Zgorzelec (German: Goerlitz)
b. Kopaczow (German: Oberullersdorf)
c. Bialopole-(German: Sommerau)
d. Opolno ZdrOj (German: Bad Oppelsdorf)
e. Sieniawka (German: Eleinschoenaa)
f. Turow brown coal Mines.
to 1950 there was a health resort in OpoIno Zdro.i. Because of the proximity of
is locality to the Czech-Polish frontier and because numerous visitors used it as
an eScape exit, the health resort was closed and a strong WOP detachment took over
the quarters.
9. "A new order was issued in 1953 to observe special precautions daring the harvest.
Stalks of corn are to be cut short above the ground and not bent. Only very limited
aMeants Of straw may be kept, in line with this new regulation, on the PGRs for
winter ie. Nearly all Of the straw crop has to be delivered to the Army. Along
with this regulation, new directions for horse-feeding (as well as for other cattle)
ware issued.for this winter. ,)arses will 'receive instead of straw the stems of
rapeseed, Under no circumstances shall am$s be used as fodder for horses except on
Sundays. Only in cases where horses spend -a day under very hard laboring conditions
may they receive some oats as an added ingredient to their fodder. Throughout the
winter, oats maybe supplied for hoses only on exceptional occasions. Bran is
reserved, under this new regulation, exclusively for swine-breeding.
10. "On the frontier segment minc -fields are still prOolint. In the Middle of,1952?
4 detachment of the First Engineering Regiment from Gorzow was detailed to clean up
the Lugnica (German:, Lugnitz) area. At least Iwo mines were found on the 200-meter
vide and three kilometer-long belt. At present, the area is still covered with a
nuMber of 'attention' signs as warnings. Soldiers who spent around four weeks
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in this terrain received a special 'premiums of 10 zlotys (equivalent to 2i. packs
of cigarettes) for this month's stay in the danger area. During this assignment,
one soldier was killed.
"A Soviet-type apparatus for mine sweeping was used on this detail."
- end
gVallable on loan from the CIA.Map Library is a map of the Lomnica PGR-team
area and the estates comprising the PGR-team. This map is not drawn to mall
and there is no accompanying legend. To borrow i.riap call -
Map call number 854.5-7
LIBRARY IF,77!:TJTtz AREA CODES
722.102 55M/M
762.201 55M/M
176.1 55m/M,
223.21 55M/M
8/727.42 55M/M
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