PSYCHOLOGICAL OPERATIONS PLAN FOR THE REDUCTION OF COMMUNIST POWER IN FRANCE. (PSB D-14/C).

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-01065A000500070012-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: T
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 8, 2002
• Sequence Number: 12
• Publication Date: August 1, 1952
• Content Type: SUMMARY

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TOP j, f ?`C F'SB D-30
Approve& For Reler,~, PI.Ai I` II`:G A~~Ts i `1' ? r O OF l107MIZO E
THROUGH 30 JUNE 1952 AUGUST 1, 1952
L.
1. PLANS COMPLT'TED AI:~D BEING EXECUTED
EYES ONLY
A. Psychological Operations Plan for the Reduction
of Communist Power in Erance. (PSB D-14/0-
This plan and the corresponding one for Italy (Paragraph 1B) were
developed by the same PSB planning panel and actions under both plans are
being coordinated by the same group. Both plans resulted from extensive
inquiry during the summer and fall of 1951, as a result of which the Board
concluded that the French and Italian communist apparati, the two most power-
ful in Western Europe, constituted a serious threat to American foreign policy
and to Nf,LTO plans for defense of Western Europe. In consequence, the Board
prescribed specific courses of action for reduction of communist power in both
France and Italy.
Upon approval of both plans on February 21, 1952, a Washington inter-
departmental coordinating committee was established under the chairmanship
of a member of the PSB staff, and comparable panels were established in Paris
and Rome. These groups are in communicr-.tion with each other with respect to
implementation of the plans.
Analysis of the communist position in both France and Italy resulted in
the conclusion that in both countries the primary source of communist power was
in their organized control over trade unions. Therefore, the main emphasis in
both plans is devoted to reduction of communist power over trade unions and the
encouragement of the free trade union movement. The most important actions that
can be taken in both countries are for to give positive support
cori iunir t
to the democratic unions in their struggle against domination of organized labor,
to stop subsidizing and to stop dealing with the communist unions and to work
towards a more equitable share of the n~'t3.analrrcome for labor.
With regard to the French plan, progress toward achieving the major
objectives appears hopeful under the prevent Pinay Government. Unlike its prede-
cessors, the Pinay Government is strong, stable, and on its own initiative has
OSD AND DOS HAVE NO OBJECTION TO DECLASSIFICATION AND RELEASE.
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OSD and DOD review(s) completed.
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been moving vigorously against the communists within the last two months. The
goveniient has given us assurances that it will continue this campaign and that
it intends to take specific action to reduce communist power in the trade union
field. While making known to the government our continuing interest in this
problem, we have withheld more affirmative participation and are watching the
French initiative with hope ctrl its promise for the future.
B. Psychological Operation9 Plans for the Reduction
of Communist Power in Italy. (PSB D-15/b).
As stated in connection with the similar plan for reduction of communist
power in France reported'in the previous paragraph, this plan was approved by
the Board on February 21, 1952. Development of the plan, which was in con-
junction with the development of the French plan, is reported on in the previous
paragraph.
With regard to progress concerning the achievement of the objectives of
the Italian plan, since September 1951 we have made high level representations
expressing our concern over the continued strength of communist power in Italy
and the DeGasperi Government has repeatedly assured us that it intends to take
vigorous measures to reduce the strength and influence of the communist movement.
Up to the May 1.952 elections, the government had done very little along these
lines and, particularly, had not moved against the main sources of communist
power in the trade union field.
The local elections throughout Italy in 1951 and 1952 indicated no diminution
and perhaps a slight increase of electoral support for the communist-left
socialist bloc. Since the 1948 national elections when this bloc polled 31,45,
it has for the first time made substantial inroads into the agricultural South.
In contrast to this the electoral support for the four democratic center parties
was substantially reduced compared to 1948 due to a sharp fall off in support
for the Christian-Democrat Party, while the extreme right received a sharp in-
crease in support.
Since the May elections we have received renewed and more positive
assurances that the government means to move against the communists and there
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have been indications of formal action. The government will put its main
reliance on new legislation. The situation now appears more promising and
hopeful than it has been for a long time, but we are awaiting positive results.
Since the communists appear to be avoiding the provocation of the Italian
Government, we are hopeful that the latter will take positive action on its
own initiative.
C. Psychological Operations Plan for Soviet
Orbit Escapees Phase.. "A" (FSB D-18a).
This plan, approved by PSB December 20, 1951, includes programs to care
for and resettle current escapees, and envisages maximum possible utilization
of escapees in CIA programs and under Public Law 51 (Lodge Amendment), which
permits recruitment of escapees into the U.S. Armed Forces. For discussion
of Phase "B" see paragraph 3A.
On April 7, pursuant to approval by the President, ~'p4.3 million dollars
were made available by the Director of Mutual Security to the Department of
State, which had been given responsibility for the program,
The time since funds were made available has been used to build the
organization and staff for the continuing administration of the program; and
to identify and c're for the most urgent immediate needs of escapees,
Organization. Small staffs are being established and activities have begun
in each of the countries which border the iron curtain. A regional office
in HICOG and a policy and coordination unit in the Departin nt of State have
been established.
Resettlement and upplemental Care. A general contract was signed on June 16,
1952, with the Provisional Committee for the Movement of Migrants from Europe
(PICMME, an international body organized in November, 1951) for the overseas
transport of up to 1.4,000 escapees during one year at an estimated rate of
$100 per capita. The number thus far moved under t1B program is negligible,
but it is anticipated that a scheduled flow may be attained in August.
Projects have been authorized to care for urgent iimiediate needs of
-capee^ resident in Greece, Germany, Austria, Turkey and Italy, such as
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food, clothing, shoes, repair and decontamination of barracks, medical treat-
meet, arnd the like. In every country of operation the immediate needs of the
escapees are being met.
Pr2E,, nda Utilization. No general propaganda utilization of the plans and
activities of the escapee program is now contemplated by State Departmmnt.
Newsworthy projects^nd assistance to key individuals will be used in media
reachii:sg iron curtain areas when appropriate. When the program has greater
accomplishments to po.i rlt to, the State Deiaartn.ent plans more general treat-
ment. Similar policies govern domestic information activity.,
Funds. Of the initial authorization of 4,300,000 an estimated ,1,500,000
1,460,500 is being
was obligated during the fiscal year 1952. An additional ;
%
requested to cover an increase in the estimated number of escapees already
requiring assi; tance.
Acccm-plishment of Other Purposes. As requested under this phase of the plan
the Department of Defense has somewhat liberalized the conditions under which
escapees may be recruited under the authorization of the Lodge Amendment. Of
5194 applicc.tions, 3916 have been rejected, 295 have been accepted (262 on active
duty) and 982 are being processed.
The program has not proceeded far enough to make a significant number
of referrals to CIA for use in its programs.
D. Public Statements with Respect to Certain
Weapons. (PSB D-17d)
In February 1952, following a series of conflicting statements by public
officials as to atomic and related developments, the PE-B approved and forwarded
to the Executive Secre;,ary, NSC, recommendations for a guidance to appropriate
agencies on public statements with respect to certain weapons. On 9 May 1952
a memorandum on this subject was issued by the President setting forth the
criteria recommended by the PSB and directing compliance therewith. At present
?l,e PSB staff is reviewing the action which has been taken by the agencies and
th affect of the application of the criteria.
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2. PLANS COMPLETED BUT NOT YET BEING EXECUTED - STAND-BY PLANS
A. Psychological Operations Plan Incident to
Korean Cease Fire Negotiations (PSB D-7c).
Approved by the Psychological Strategy Board on October 25, 1951.
This plan is designed to establish special psychological objectives to
be implemented toward our allies as well as our adversaries, with respect to
the Korean. conflict. Some of the desired courses of action are at present
in effect, but the majority of the recommended actions are directly related
to the progress made in connection with the cease-fire.
The operational planning is substantially complete. An alert network
has'been established among the affected agencies so that the appropriate
action can be put into effect without delay as developments lake this necessary.
B. Emergency Plan for Breakoff of Korean Armistice
Negotiations (PSB J--19d).
Approved by the Psychological Strategy Board on September 18, 1951
This plan endeavors to establish for governmental departments and agencies
engaged in psychological operations courses of action for application in
preparation for, and in the event of, a breakdown in the Korean armistice
negotiations.
The operational planning is substantially complete. The receipt of
certain assurances from the Far Eastern Command with respect to logistical
support is necessary in order that the affected agencies an establish the
appropriate contingent plan without delay, should developments make this
necessary.
C. Plan for Conducting Psychological Operations
During General Hostilities (PSB D-8b),
This project was approved by the Board on February 21, 1952 and sub-
to the National Security Council as NSC 127.
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This plan was designed in order that the proper agencies would be able
to conduct psychological operations in pursuance of prescribed national
objectives during general hostilities. This plan shall be executed upon
Presidential proclamation ii the event of war or at such time as the President
may direct.
D. National Overt Propaganda Policy Guidance
for General War (PSB D-11/b).
Approved by the Board on November 15, 1951.
This plan sets forth the objectives which will govern the national overt
propaganda effort in a general war forced upon the United States by the USSR
or any of its satellites. The objectives and tasks which should be followed
by the United States with respect to the world as a whole, the USSR and its
satellites, our allies and friends, and neutral nations are set forth.
This guidance has been distributed to the various departments and agencies
for their use. The Psychological Operations Coordinating Committee (POC) has
established z x--Day Committee which is concerned with the inter-departmental
coordination n_" pclicies and operations in the event of war. This guidance is
being used Li the implementation of their planning.
3. PLANNS AUTHORIZED AID IN PROCESS OF DEVELOPI,NTT
A. Psychological Operations Plan for Soviet
Orbit Escapees - Phase "B"" (PSB D-18a/1)
This project is concerned with the stimulation of defection and exam-
ination of the psychological and subsidiary military advantages which would
resit from the proper utilization of these escapees. Phase A, concerned
with the care, resettlement, and possible utilization of current escapees,
is '-ported on in Paragraph 1 of this paper,,
B. Inventory of Instrumentalities for Countering
Soviet Orbit Blackmail Tactics (PSB D-19/1).
Board has had prepared an "Inventory of Cold War Weapons" consisting
of a list of certain agencies and instrumentalities (some of which are of a
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novel character). The Board has further directed study toward the feasibility
of harassment and retaliation against the Soviets by use of appropriate
instrumentalities.
D. Psychological Strategy Planning for the
Middle East (PSB D-22).
This plan is to devise by means of coordinated psychological operations
a national psychological plank taking into account both long-range and short-
range considerations, in order to overcome or prevent instability within this
area wtich wo,Uld threaten Western interests. It seeks to prevent the exten-
sion of Soviet influence and at the same time to strengthen Western influence
and to establish within the community of nations a new relationship with the
states of the area that recognizes their desire to achieve status and respects
their sovereign equality.
E. Psychological Strategy Planning for
Southeast Asia (PSB D-23)
This plan is designed to assist by means of coordinated psychological
operations in preventing the free countries of Southeast Asia from passing into
the Communist orbit and in developing in these countries the will and ability
to resist Communism from within And without, and to contribute to the strengthen-
n,v of the free world.
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F. Psychological Operations Plan for the Exploitation
of Stalin's Passing from Power (PSB D-24)-
This plan is designed to study the actions the United States should take
to develop the maximum psychological results at the time of Stalin's death.
G. Preliminary Analysis of the Communist B.W.
Propaganda Campaign (PSB D-25).
This study concerns itself with the psychological problems which the
current "Hate America" communist propaganda campaign have presented.
H. Statement of U.S. Aims in the Cold War
("Princeton Statement" - FSB D-26)
This paper was designed to devise the maximum psychological effect which
could be achieved by a statement of high U.S. or foreign officials relative to
the liberation of peoples now under Soviet Communist control.
25X6
J. Psychological Strategy for Economic Security
Vis-a-vis the Soviet Orbit (PSB D-28)
This plan is designed to prepare national psychological strategy and
sn ific courses of action with respect to the psychological. aspects of U.S.
e().:.-,i.. security progrrms concerned with the Soviet orbit by increasing the
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degree of acceptance in the Free World of U.S. economic security objectives
vis-a-vis the Soviet orbit. It also seeks to weaken Soviet control over the
orbit countries by capitalizing on and obstructing Soviet economic exploitation
of captive Europe and China through psychological operations.
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