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• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80-01193A000400170065-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 93
• Document Creation Date: December 12, 2016
• Document Release Date: November 5, 2001
• Sequence Number: 65
• Publication Date: September 6, 1964
• Content Type: NSPR

Approved For%oease 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-0119 0040017,
LONDON SUr1DAY T LEGRAPH
September 6, 196+
The British business --man- imprisoned b y.:
.the Russians on charges of spying _
recounts'his experiences in Soviet hands,
rom arrest through interrogation and
trial to release. First, how it'allbegan.
Approved For Release 2001./J.112 :, -RDP80-01193A0004001700
 Approved For Raiease 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-01193 0400170065-3
0 .("
LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
THE party was aver. It' was, September 6, X964
:1 dusk as we left the little'
ravilion in the Central Park in:
Budapest, where I had just been
giving a reception in honour of the
Ministry of Foreign Trade and
other Hungarian officials and
businessmen.
With my Hungarian interpreter, Pal;
(pronounced Paul) Ambrus, I stepped out:'
to go across to my mobile exhibition
display unit. Some of my guests had,
said they wanted to see the industrial:
equipment on display just once more.
I remember that Ambrus seemed to.',
have disappeared across the road. sud-,
denly found myself all alone, and then
surrounded by four men. One of them.'
It 1
asked, "Mr. Veen? Mr. Veen?
I did not understand. " Excuse me,
i said., "Wynne is my name.. Do you.'
wish to speak to 'me? " And I shouted';
across the roadway: " Pall Pal I
Where pare you?
He came running, stopped as he saw
the men, and they spoke to him in
Hungarian. Ambrus said to me: "It's all ill
right, ?Mr. Wynne, they speak good,;
English." Then he disappeared.
A car had been driven alongside me.,''
The next thing I knew. I was tripped and.
pushed into the back of the car, a Russian
built Mgskvich. Thcv .ili> tJ etr and, ourX
Helen Serespyen : -a sound
high-heeled. shoes in prison.
my mouth, a pair of feet over my body,'
and then I was struck above my left eye
: vhen I came to. My hands were,
handcuffed behind my hack, and Zile'
;'lapels of my jacket had been ripped off
-just as a precaution in case I had some
poison capsules hidden behind the lapel.
I could feel the blood from the cut made
by the revolver all over my. face.
After a little while the car stopped.
'I was at a prison-a filthy, dirty institu-
i-,; tion-on the outskirts of Budapest. I
was semi-conscious as I was hauled
before a desk lit by a shaded lamp. The
men at the desk just looked at me. " What
'is this? " I demanded angrily. They just
laughed.
I was put in a cell with a double
door. Two guards stayed there all the
time. - one outside on a chair, the other
in my cell all night. ' It was about eigl}t
when I arrived. An hour later I heard
the sound of high-heeled footsteps on lihe
stone floor of the 'corridor outside. /
Now not many girls in Budapest have
high-heeled shoes, but I knew one who
had-Helen Serespyen, a pretty Hungarian
girl who had acted as interpreter for my
company during previous trade fairs.
I 'heard sobs. The main cell door
was O 'en. I took a chance and shouteld:
" Hchen 1 " and she shouted back. And
she 'was immediately gagged; and sowas
I, o I knew that she had been arrested
an brought in for questioning., Much
la qer I heard a statement she had made
u ider interrogation.
It must have been early in the nrorn-
ing when I left.. I was allowed to go to
. the toilet, and the handcuffs were just
released and two men held my arms.. Then
the handcuffs were put back on, and I:
was pushed again into a car with blinds.
Tsyo men got in beside me. another into
the driving seat by the side of the driver.
There was a car in front and a'car behind,
and we raced through the streets at a
terrific speed,, blowing the horn.'
When' we arrived at a Russian mili-
tary airport I knew where we were going.
It. was dawn as we took off for Moscow,
in an Ilyushin-14 military aircraft. Inside
were a general, a lieutenant-colonel and
an interpreter, all of whom I was to meet
almost daily in the next six months. With
them were a woman doctor, several
Russian soldiers, and two or three men in
civilian clothes. I learned later that they
had been in Budapest for the past few
days-all, it seems, for me.
I was hungry and thirsty, having had
nothing to /cat since lunch the previous
day. All that had been given to me on
the trip were an apple and a ? glass of
water,:;, And the doctor bandaged the deep,
ci n my forehead,-. After nearly s~:'cn
hours in the air we landed at a military
airport in Moscow. As I stepped from
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with a revolver. I do not know what hap
:, pened nit, It.ways all over so quickly,,
bctw~r,'-n seven o'clock and five-past on the..:
evemzg of Friday, November 2, '196.
I was still lying ?in the.back'of' the,'.
 Approvft For I%iease 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-01193f 040017 5-3
LONDON SUNDAY
September
Cnc plane I was confronted'with an"array
of film cameramen and photographers 6f,'
-all kinds. I came down the steps,"band-
agcd up and escorted by two men.' I was.
still handcuffed.
I was pushed into a hut, and stayed
there, still with no food, until it got dark.,
I had lost all idea of time by then, but
it must have been several hours. I came
out of the hut. There were army search-!
lights on the hut entrance, and more film
cameras. I got into the back of a metal"
prison van, with soldiers, and was driven
away to what turned out to be, the
infamous Lubyanka Prison.
I cannot honestly say that my arrest'
had conic as a' complete surprise. The:
last time I had been in Moscow-the
previous July-I was followed when meet
ing my friend Colonel Oleg Penkovsky.'
My room had been searched. Penkovsky
himself was being watched. I got out
quickly, but the Pcnkovsky I left behind
was a very frightened man. He even
wanted me to get him a gun as protection.
[The Russians announced that Penkovsky.
was shot after the joint trial with Wynne.)
Penkovsky was nominally deputy chief
of the Foreign Relations' Department,
Technical-Scientific Committee, a high
sounding title for a body whose main
task was to- keep tabs on foreign business
and businessmen in Russia.. Most of the
senior members of this organisation were
in fact members of the Soviet intelligence;
service, and like Penkovsky had a military
background and had gone, through special.!
i training for this civilian job.. Their chief,
task was to pick out likely foreign busies,
ncssmen who might be useful i,n leading;
them to secret technical and scientific'
information.: After my trial this organi?"
sation disappeared: I have little' doubt
"that it has , since re-emerged under a
different name.
Penkovsky and his chiefs were among.]
my contacts for my work as sales consul-';i'
tant to a group of British industrial con
terns. But Pcnkovsky' had also' given'1
British and ? American intelligence mdch'I
information and from "July. onwards he:;'
hTew that the'' Russians were on to im
I/knew from' what he told me in July that
NNie was taking. precautions, and if n;ces-
. sary he was going 'to conic out of ;ussia i'
r, at the next opportunity,-.,; _.. .... __.. ?'f
TELEGRAPH
6, 1964
:-R sk Takei
Even before I visited Moscow in July
I had discussed with the Russians a pro-
ject of mine to take a mobile exhibition
unit, which was in the process of being
specially constructed, to trade fairs pri-
marily in Eastern Europe. I further dis-
cussed this project with Penkovsky's
committee when I was in Moscow in'July.
I knew that there was a certain
amount of risk involved if I associated
with Penkovsky any more-if, in fact,' I
went to ? Eastern Europe any more. But
it was thought that, after making
all these arrangements, and making this my
$ excuse for going to Moscow, if I did not,
go and make any contact with Eastern
Europe the Russians would be a hundred
per cent. sure that there was something
more than a business association between
-Penkovsky and me. So I decided that,
f to support Penkovsky in - what he was
saying as to why. he had such frequent
!?contacts.with me, I had to go. I hurried
to get ready in time for the British Trade
;.Fair in Bucharest in October, though I
knew there was a possibility of trouble..
What I did was this. I went in my car,
accompanying the mobile exhibition units:
through to' Hungary, and then sent them
on to Bucharest with my manager. I stayed
behind in Hungary to meet the authorities
there, and to get them to agree that when
my exhibition units came back from
Rumania on the way home, we should
have a private exhibition in Hungary. It
was a good business idea.
This visit to Budapest was different
from my many previous trips. The minute
I arrived in the Duna Hotel, this young
man Ambrus was at the reception desk. He
looked at me. and the hotel chief clerk
said, " Oh Mr. Wynne, you come with
mobile units? I saw your mobile exhibi-
tion. You are going to have a show here
in Budapest? ' If you need interpreter or
someone, this gentleman here is student,
This. was too easy of course,. and.
did not fool me, but I said to myself:.:
" Well, the best thing is to keep him near
you." So I asked him to see me in the
restaurant at eight o'clock.
He told me a story that he had finished
his student's course. and wanted to work
in the Tourists' Bureau. Of course at
that time it was not the tourist season ;
he was free to do some work ; he would
like to work with, me and help me in
interpreting. So I took: him on as an'
addition to Helen Serespyen, as ? we,
expected, a large. number of visitors.
etold me a funny story about taping'
to ~~:scape from Hungary.' I said, " I !don't
!tit to hear anything about that.:/..
Ide was too?smooth,: too well-informed.
Releape 200, it I t.122- ) 0111 4001
 LONDON M MAY TELT GPAPH
rr->, "`~:.iv r ^ ' f .. :? 111 ;.
n ; I M,~l14IJ'4~ - i ~" ~. - . M1'11~ W.. ?r'
on trade enterprises for three or four days. j
met the head of the British section. of .
the Budapest Chamber of Commerce, who
took me out to lunch and questioned me
on how I started my business, my connec-.
bolls ?nd what I was doing.
I-If questioned nme a
great deal and
t,,
quits/unnecessarily, as I had been vis, Ong
Hungary regularly over the past ten years
and they must by now have known. all
about me. Eventually it was agreed that
visit my exhibition on the return j
ourney from Rumania. And ?having,
b k t
fixed all this up, I then went ac
Vienna, took a plane to Bucharest, where
I joined my. vehicles at the trade fair. At
the end of the fair the vehicles packed up
and went back to Budapest, and ' I took .
lane a few days before back to Vienna,
a
p
,where I had a rendezvous with my Wife- '.1
Now I thought "They are obviously .1
keeping an eye on me ; but I'm not doing,
anything wrong." So after a- long week-.';I
.end with my wife in Vienna I drove my
car, which I had left there on the way
to Bucharest, across the ? border into
Hungary.
I had no means of knowing that it was.
while I was in my car going to Vienna frdm,,'i
'Budapest the week before, on Oct. A4,..J
'? that Penkovskv was being arrested in Melds-, ~?
Perhaps at first they were not completely.-I . d W"6 """ "`3`'?
lunch with me,'' I said.
'
sure of the part I had played with Pent
kovsky. They could have picked me up on He said, " I know a 'good little
-my way to Vienna or in Rumania... But restaurant near the ferry. Please come
'Mn
d
m
a
e
they didn't.
, a I
don't
want
to do
that,"
I replied.
'
G Vi1"Laltl"90W
restaurant nearby."
When I arrived. in Budapest on Wed- He asked me to drive down a very
nesday, Oct. 21, Ambrus was waiting narrow road. I got the car halfway down
for me in the Duna Hotel. "Ah," he said,and decided that I didn't 'like this.
" tomorrow I should like you to come to Look," I said, " this is not good for the
They live Ion a little :island just outside He got out of .the car, and shouted in
Budapest-on the Danube. It is very nice: a 'loud voice in Hungarian, of which I
there and quiet. It is a lovely island and . know only a few words. " What are you
"
In Moscow during the happy days :
h
e
:.above, Oleg I'enkovsky and t
author at a business party ; right,
Wynne addressing a meeting on
Find out when the ferry goes, and if it
s
convenient we'll have. lunch at a little'
doing?
I asked. "Asking for the ferry.
man," be replied.
said I wasn't' sure if I was free, but 1le' Then an old man came running up the i
that I had not not an annointmeat lane and they had a little discussion. I
'W" "~ -- Then, through the trees, I saw
morning it would,be a good time. . . an old
house, but no ferry. I do not know for
" Well, all right, I'll come." ? certain, but it seems to me that if I had
So at 10 o'clock in the morningg,. gone at 10 o'clock in the morning down
I ?~Ambrus was waiting down in the hott.l, this road, these Russians I was later to
I can't corl&e
and I said: " I am sorry Pal
! see on the plane would have been w
iti
,
,
a
~p~ , ? t r It
rc got an appointment. In fact I ad at khis house, and the interrogations Would
f ,.';1, .,,. rnly {vnrl 1n annnintrnent 1w 1A. h~vr%.er~,'r 4 tMnrn '
phbnc early in the morning with one ,of? `~
Hohy iad I.got myself into-this'-p
r text
,
the oil terorises on a p
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Approy For W ease 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-01193A 0400.17, 8fg5-3
 Approved For Rele se 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-01193A000400170065-3
LONDON SUNDAY T =GRAPH
;rice ccmlcr 6, 19611.
lion i1+- rdapest? Before the mPavtoy-asked if Kulikov could see my., He was obviously not too sure about
studied cnginccrin~ ~rrad ofitC:e:Tagreed immediately and tc:':: rim mcS, But he did not give up: he turned
udi tv. and complet at no app eamceshit straight away, first to my city office and H it P
a "in on the doorstep when I wasrht ed
cowse at a large engineering p later to my private office, which is an ,c in to my wife and it was explained
entered th Army company. extension to my house. It was the first to him that I was away on business q Eui
Y in the early part of the time a Russian had been in my house. land w n that
war, and was later commissioned; After
away. IIc was very cmbarrassciY.
the war I became sales engineer to a com JAfter drinks, Kulikov was smiling and and went away, 3
parry distributing. industrial electrical very happy.
Products. In 1954. I set up my own busi- Three days later I went round to the
ncss as an exporter of industrial Business Basis quent trips) and another man, whose name was Rudov,
rseas, and later this developed into an to go up to the north of England by train This was obviously all approach when
ove when
industrial sales later thiacv business In to visit the various factories. Kulikov pro- them to test me outi Much Inter,
this capacity, for the past 12 years, I had doted two railway warrants for third- a had had the oc theen re meet Pavlov
represented a ;roue of ci;ht independenti class tickets. "But M. Kulikov, I said kovsky, y said to "' ,r.
, again, this tim e in th presence of Wynne,'
companies manufacturing heavy industrial' pretending , to be astonished, '? all o not ti 1 You arc
equipment, their products ranging from Western businessmen never travel third hear you are not political, you arc
complete plants
h
"
to specialised machinery t
ey always go first class." I decided to neutral, yes?
I said. "Mr. Pavlov, you
--complete power stspccis,'cement works. have a little joke at the expense of Pavlov. have hit it right there, All I want, Isir.I
marine equipment, etc. I picked up the telephone and called him. Pavlov, is good business, honest business,
. Over the years I had done considerable "" Really Mr. Pavlov, you cannot allow Please, Mr. Pavlov"
business for the various companies cboth onsiderable in , your colleagues to travel third class," They had established the fact that from
Eastern and in Western. Europe, When: Pavlov agreed to change the warrants: I their point of view I wasn't political, but
planning my trips to the ' Soviet Union. I ? think Kulikov and Rudov were the first solely on a business basis. All this was
had occasion to go' several times' to the! Russians ever to travel first class in a duly recorded in a report to Moscow, a
Soviet trade dc' legation in ,Highgate. And 'Pullman car. photocopy of which was shown to me by
sometimes I would also see th ge atecalled They had a good time and a go Penkovsky in Landon,
commercial attache at the Soviet Embassy reception at the works and we spent all Our delegation of experts and lecturers
a man named Pavlov. IIc. is no,longer ~:, our spare time together for three or four arrived in first time in December. ate del Ilion
London, days. Shortly afterwards, Kulikov phone
d d This was the first time a private delegation
me up one night at my house and said
"I of independent companies had visited the
.
want to speak to you ,bit, Wynne," 'Oil Soviet Union: all the others had been
Yes," I said. " A pleasure." "Yes Mr, Spoinsored by trade associations. We were
Wynne, but not in your house." ,taken care of by the Technical-Scientific
Among the people I met at Highgate It was dark; he would notc~+me in day- Committee on which Penkovsky, of
t ofninc,nt,
early in 1960 was a man called Kulikov e light. He had arranged to meet- me at the course, was
tic is no )onset in London, either. I entrance to a little garden /on Chelsea I saw a lot of Penkovsky in the course
arranged through him for experts from the`. Embankment. We sat in the rain on a of business, and I bad a number of priv:;te
companies I represented to o g to Moscow' `bench next to Carlyle's scathe. The rain' talks with nun lie did most of the o ]n a group to give a seder of lectures and '' drtppcd down the broad brim of his Rus- i,qur,stioning and revealed little about him-
mect the top executives of Soviet industry.. sign
trilby. sef, But one morning one of the of
,dest
in Russia
"
t
,
.
me
W
We know you have many friends in tr'e agilated. f my dclegation came up t
Kulikov asked me a lot of cjuestions industry, Mr, Wynne," he began.' " if you it e agi,
and he then asked me if I would m down could help us, you know, get hold of new Is it not unusual,he asked 7 for
to see Pavlov at th
devc]o
ments
S
p
e
, new unventians. we are
oviet Embass
,was the third time I had met Pavlov ' This' interested in 'new things, new ideas. Per.
We sat around, and we had 'a drink, " some you
and we tal
anything. it you"tcouldshel r
ked, and Pavlov said, " Now.' us we would always be vet g P
Mr. Wynne, you t'epi?esent these. com of yours." Y good friends,
panics. I wonder if you could arrange for I Be went on, " We would see to it that
Mr. Kulikov and some of his colleagues to
go and visit these companies?" He named you would do very good business in
"'0' or three and I said, "Well, may L Moscow, Because we only.like to work
phone now?" with people we like, you see Mr. Wynne?"
I picked up the phone and I fixed it So I said to Kulikov: " Well; of course
there pod then in Paplo ne..You'sce',' t have to deal with many companies, and,
av's o.` they had to make sure about me, because,,' M . anything you want a know about them,;
they had never had an individual like me the' Kandov; it's a pleasure, I will to 'e you
.Ding backwards and forwards, travetlie-1- there and i~ttrodu
to, the dir:ctors:
i\
l
l
n prep
gg,u
ar
y to Moscow and Russian satellite nut that, is,,all, I. am re a> ed' to o.
t'untrics representing a large group
co~nrpanics co
eti
I
v
ng such a Wide rane' of
industries,
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 APprnmftd For%Oease 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-011935 004001M5-3
LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
September 6, 1961+
Russians?to cothe up to' one's hot L_noms
for a chat? "
It 1,,,as most unusual, and I was curious,
-to le trt more. It appeared that Penkovsky:
'had come into his room and asked him`,
to make sonic contacts for him in London,:
and to take a package back to England..
He was rather troubled by this visitation.
.and called in a colleague. He did not take-
the package, but he reported the matter.,
to the authorities when he got home.
This, it turned out, was the third time
in a year that Penkovsky had tried to mnako
contact with Western intelligence. Early.;
in 1960 he had made similar approaches-.
to a member of a Canadian trade delega
,tion concerned with the timber industry;
and paper-making machinery. He also
refused to take anything back but he`
:reported the matter to the authorities. And
,'attempted contact at the American Club.in.
Moscow shortly afterwards proved
similarly abortive,
It was not until I returned to 'Moscow:-
two months later that Penkovsky was fin-1
ally able to make contact--through me.
I had plenty of time to ruminate on alit
this during my first few days in the
Lubyanka gaol I arrived there just 24 r w f i
..-Budapest. It was dark. I had had nothing' ,.Pal Ambrus ? this photograph and
to cat except an apple and a glass of that of Helen $erespyen on the,
water. When I was Laken out of the van previous, page taken" by the
T was pretty dazed. I felt ill and shakep author shortly before his arrest.
',about after the blow. on the head. Y b
I was led straight away into a metal
lift--a lift made of steel. Now, this was. went along a corridor. I was put into a
,.a terrible experience--probably the worst very small room. There was a bench. In
moment for me.' The lift was in two com-. fact it was a changing room, but at that
partments; you stepped in, and they, time I did not know it. I thought this was
opened two little metal doors' of the inner my cell-and I had heard the stories of
;compartment, and pushed you in, turned concentration camps.where you can't stand
ors ? an -1t lie down-anrl I saW this little
L_
d
o
t
Just above was a spy-nose into the uuna _ uencu uu wn.~u yvu avu?v+? r--
compartment, in which there were the. could just about sit on it. Moreover, the 'blanket' was, coarse and''
'guards. They put the clamps down outside,'' ' And 'then the guard opened the door
d
i
nte
`and you were left with one tiny.Iitght LIP and started bellowing at me. He po
n the roof and a human eye looking in.'''to my clothes.. But I shook my head: I
We wcnt'down and down and I didn't . only know a. little Russian. Eventually
;know where the hell I was being taken. they grabbed me, and they gave me a piece
f ,1 :..... 1??n un, --ticcnan _ and then I
.. i .. __,. t .-.....'k
now o
wash.
After my shower in a grimy closet with,
,a. rusty sprinkler overhead. they gave me,:
a pretty grim sort of vrst, one pair of
'.pants and a pair of rather' dirty, dungaree,
,type trousers ' to put on-all nay other,
'.clothes were taken away. I was left with
.a pair of heavy-soled canvas boots,, no:
laces, no socks. ' . ' .
i. I was taken back to this lift, up a lot of
floors, into a room, and there a woman;
'doctor looked at my' cut and bandaged.'
,me up again. And then I, was ' pushed
down the corridor into the, prison itself
-all the time there were ' gates being
if 1 and closed, and corridors, tinu'.jbnl
,lights and metal. gates. -, ?-???..?..
Approved For ase
RQIe 2-001-/-141.2 -W 80.94 .
ev woea
as five floors below ground level (t
I was pushed into a cell which 'was
terribly bare, with a bed made of cmctal ,
sltf,s a quarter. inch thick. A heavy bad-
cvc ything was so heavy so that one iaanl
cowl not pick it up'and throw it at the
guar a It was solid metal, with no give,
In it. This is really painful as I have steel
pins in my leg as the result of an accident
in Odessa in 1957. But that is another'
story.
A flat mattress, one pillow, one blanket,:
a stool and a table-that was all. There
was also one small shelf and one wall was
covered with the rules of the prison-all;
in Russian that I did not read anyhow.
There was, a barred window -you"
could not see out of that. And of course:
it was winter; in November it is very,
cold there. And this'was the winter .of,'
1962, the winter that broke all records,.
not only in Britain but also.in Russia.
'heating, just one short piece of pipe stick-
ing out of the wall. This is never more.
,than luke-warm at any time. It was very,'
cold, bitterly cold. The window was very,
high, it was a double window and one bit
opened and stuck down inside. You could
not see out, it was wired, and no light
came thrdugh, The electric light was on
,all day and all night. There was a bulb,
lover the door, and this was terribly difficult;
because you had to sleep in. such a way.'
that they could see your head through the-:
spyli'ole-and as you were sleeping fi~is
bright light was. on. 'your face.- If you
 Apprq~"e'y For F!'ease 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-01193qW40017C5-3
IANDON SUNDAY TEI GRAPH
September 6, 1964
rough and irritated the skin. I had to sl~epi sorry for him at times-4 ounds
.wia::- -My--hands above the blankcE`an ny, funny to say this, for though it ~oc_ d
head exposed. Also, I had. to eat facing the'. seem ridiculous to say he was sympathepc'
.door, he certainly wasn't very anti-me. He gave
Anyway I was pushed into this cell and{ me odd cigarettes privately, and once he
'Nn.Cfi Mr.+Wyr ne :..
For several days the interrogation tour
place in this room-twice a day, two hours
in the morning, perhaps three in the 'after-
noon.
bread, the size of a sandwich -loaf, four
inches thick-no knife, just a spoon-and
a mug of very wcak tea, which had no
sugar or milk in it, I received one and a:
half lumps of sugar a clay, and on this
occasion, on arriving I did not.get any as
"Now Mr. Wynne, it is no use now,
you are wasting your own time and ours.
We know all about your activities with
Penkovsky. Penkovsky is here, he has told
us everything, so you are stupid ' if you
make things difficult for yourself. ' ' Now
you're in our hands-now you must tell
it was Might-time. `t us everything. luxuriously fitted., It had a television set; , 11 . While I was eating somebody' was. 'and'an enormous intercom system with I would turn round and say, "I don't
watching me through the spy hole, which i something like 20 switches. There was no understand what you're talking about, it's
clicked incessantly night and day. 'I was, `visible tape-recorder, but it was obvious stupid. What do you mean by this? Is'
to me later that there were microphones this Russian culture, what am h doing
under observation all the time.
there were two guards on the smah'i because I was always placed by a certain
passage to my cell. On the one occasion,' table and I was immediately cautious about
later, when I was allowed to go into the,l ,thisthere was a lace table with a felt cloth
prison area to shave, I observed how,thcse g
guards operated at other cells. The twos ton it, with 20 chairs round it. There were
guards used to work together. One went' 'sevcral steel cabinets, all locked, and
along, clicked the spyhole, and walked past several iron safes. The desk at which the
without looking. Then the other guard,; general sat was very highly polished; there
would walk with soft slippers, not make it> '? was a silver ashtray, and on one. occasion a
click, and just case it gently in a corner. So' Ronson 'gas lighter. Once he gave, me a
you would hear the click and you would ;Player's cigarette and a cup of Nescafe-
hear the guard walking away, but then the this was in the early days. He seemed to
second guard would follow up and stand 'be a pretty big noise, the general.
by the door and just ease the shutter, and"' I used to sit opposite his desk at the
make a prolonged observation.' ' small table. There was a door leading to
'a toilet, which I noticed had an electric
.
- c'cnrl~n.ne-e~a shaver, a Philips' one, plugged in by d
In C-n
_
an
- ,....
-..h.., caiKing about,
I solo.'
spray which was obviously the general's, After about a week, the
After I had had this ,i)owl of soup -I and a jar of Vaseline, hair cream. There y took me down,
could hardly eat the stuff, it was . reall g the corridor and said; ' Look, look in
foul--and te mug of tea'nd that brown, was also a r orator in this ante-room, there." They put a hand over my mouth,i
bread, I seemed to have slc the iron - Heavy curtains draped three large win- and I 'looked through the spy-hole of a.
pt-on doves overlooking the streets of Moscow
-bed. The next thing I knew I was woken cell. There was Penkovsky sitting, at a
approximately five floors below. We could
up-very early indeed. table with a pencil, writing. He was thing
s just , see the, rooftops of the, buildings.. unshaven:. He looked, terrible. The
I was taken along the corridors and There.-was a chandelier hanging from th' y
E dragged' me back to the interrogation,
-I .
4r T
f
ac
l
cqure room: "Who did you see there? Are you
interpre)ont ter, oanda b I cral, sinter o
er was CLure everywhere o
ated . , CeB $ oth
an
g .....e,?ywhere ?satisfied that it is Penkovsky?
for the first time. They were the same
people I had seen on the plane from.Buda-; . n 1964, The Sunday Telegraph.
pest.' k Reprouction in whole or in part forbid //n
The general spoke English
but never
,
LA ARTICLE
during interrogation except when he got'
'
+ ~
lae Pc~a
angry. He was in, his early fifties, a very .1, .,-,:.t.. liovsk y I knC'w
11 big fellow, with many medal ribbons on,
The lieutenant-colonel was the main
interrogator. He did the routine question
? I must say the interpreter never triedi'
to be difficult. He never tried to.interro-`,'
gate: he just did his job of interpreting.
? And this helped considerably, of course.
!Ile was a really quiet sort, of chip. His, Fta;lish was almost perfect,' He if '
artibtic. temperament, rather than a .hard--,
bitten Ldbyankan one.
gave me a book - "The Brothers
Karamazov," by Dostoyevsky.
The room in which the preliminary
investigating took place was very, large,
.about 25 feet long by 20.feet wide. It was
in fact the general's office. It had a fitted
,.carpet which was most unusual in Soviet
where I had been hit over the head with a ,J
gun in Budapest.
And the general would say, " Of course,
Mr. Wynne, we know this is not correct,`
'
we don
t usually treat our prisoners in
this way. -This was a mistake; you
shouldn't have struggled in the car, I hear
you struggled on arrest."
Excuse me, I didn't struggle .at' all,
I had no time to struggle you sec." ?
" But Mr. Wynne, it wasn't our people,
Russian people never do this kind of thing.
This is a waste of time, what a waste of
time speaking, to you.. ?..
I just denied everything for the first"
five or six days. " I doin'?t know what you're
 LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAM
September 13, 1962i.
Appr d,'For F ase 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-01193 4001 65-3
C
LEG PENKOVSKY looked'
'terrible when I saw him
through the spy-hole of his cell-in'
But I could not fail to- recognise
him.
He was almost the same age as me...:
almost the same height, the samebuild,
the same a
H -"-- _
ge
of subjects. He had a sense of humour
He liked vodka, he liked wine, he'liked
dl drink
ll
cat
in business hours. I _never saw hi am
probably an inch taller than me,about
_.-_
,
Sfr o;., H
l
e
?? - .4.y ~~~~~ vn his ncaith, and' took'- $ a lot er exercise. He was always asking ,...` How..a omrnunist s eyes were opened to
how he looked, and he was very upset
because he was slightly bald-he used to Western ways ..how he debated '' ShaII
try all sorts of tonics which he couldn't
get in Russia. He liked the company of
women.
t
?''
d
s
ay
an
now his Eglih fid
.:nsren Penkovsky told me that he had been
brought up under the Conmiu
j
t
n
s
system
,
had become an active Communist party
member, was recruited'into the Red Army,
and served as an artillery officer in the
Japanese-Manchurian, Finnish and German
wars. He had become a colonel at the
age of 30. His father had fought as an
0 icer in the White A
S;
Gill-: VILLE WYNNE
r
Revolution, my during the
the Army, did not necessarily want capital- When I left Moscow in Decemb'+Lr,
Fenkovsky had married a general's ism in an American sense-what they 1960, with that first delegation, it Ifad
daughter, and after his military career he wanted was a more liberal form of social- been agreed in principle that a Russian
became a full-time member of the State ism, and a more reasonable attitude, delegation would pay a return visit to
Security organisation and an intelligence He was a member of the Communist England and visit my companies and fac-
officer of the reserve Army. The Russians party. He said he did not want to ive. tories. There was delay, so I agreed with
went , to great lengths to deny this to the impression that he was turning against my companies to go to Moscow again to'.
1 me, and told me that if I mentioned this the Russian 'people, against his country. try to finalise the programme. Penkovsky
in court or at any other time later, they But a lot of his, friends, some of them in was there, to meet me,
would make much trouble for me. very high places, were feeling the same Now Mr. Wynne," he said, "you
Penkovsky had shown me and other way. After Stalin the
ex
ected
h
l
i
y
p
c
e
1 peop
anges have come b th i dl
ecauseeres someeay
n the West official cards and to take place much more quickly, but the in the delegation, Well we have a dcle~
documents identifying' him as a member economy of the country was being drained gation, I have a delegation, and I am
of military intelligence. That is why for soldiers and guns and military equip- coming to England."
he joined the Technical-Scientific Commit. , ment,
tee It
was purely a methodfin ' Isk
., o meetg..'aed who the delegation members
Western delegations, keeping tabs on them, There was not the slightest doubt in' ;were, and he gave me a list. "Professor
and picking Western brains. my' mind that Penkovsky was genuine,' , who is he? " I asked.
-and I am prepared from what I know,
lj'e told me his eyes were opened when '. -about other things to believe that' people "?:h, 'the Professor. He is in Moscow
he h ent to Istanbul as assistant military, . in high places badly. want a more liberal.. now, He looks after radar,. and he is
attachd in 1947. It was the first time he and sensible way of life. In' a way, he was interested of -course in Jodrell, Bank,"
had,been out of Russia. After the war a : ? the top 'of an iceberg; there are lots like., ' "Well Mr. Penkovssky,' I am n&i aouit
lot bf Russians like him, particularly-in' him below' the surface -?
Jodrell
Approve or-Release 200111-1122-: CIA_RE)1380 01
-3,,.,
 App d For ease 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-01193AQ?O400 065-3
LONDON =MAY TLLEGI1APH
Sc_0_cm00r 13, 1964
IN MOSCOW with Wynne (left)
he met British businessmen
really wanted to do in England. r
-- - representing any corn- eyes open, just so as to6enableWhILL] im nto-;
'panics shot Computers." osonlyoonutnaan of come quickly to the West and make con
,story ;the eight he'had tact with British and American
-firm that I h d got who represented a' Intelligence.
a
I had one advantage besides; I had by.
then had several years of experience of,
East European countries and their people
and their way of life, and .I had some
notion of the anguish that many of them
were suffering, because I had seen it at.
first hand. So I was caught up with
Penkovsky simply because 'I was there.
I happened to be the right person in the
right place at th,
.
e
most British business
with en
my experience would; have done 'the,
same. . . , . ..
'.a little of his hopes and fearsn fortihis
country, and of the plans for the future
that he and his friends had dreamed of.
ISO 1 agreed , to Penkovsky's list, and,
I had to tell d my companies that this
egation was not really' what. they,
.c~,ppkected, That it was 'an investigat;Ag,'
dr~legation' of specialists coming j it to
loc
at the factories, and to repo:-t back.
Of course I knew what Penkovsky 4
Approved For Release 2'00T1fi'1'/'22'?^15f*- -
" He also is in Moscow at th
H the
moment.
e is intaract~.A
IN LONDON Penkovsky
?' . was a keen party-goer
anything to do' with.
I told him, "I can't accept this dele-
gationstsas they do not represent the
intere and equipment of the companies
I represent. You are expected to come
to look at the equipment which I am
selling."
Then Penkovsky said, "Please Mr.
Wynne, I beg you, I cannot explain, but
'I .must come to England. If you make
trouble 'for me I cannot' come. Maybe
they, will send another delegation if you
make trouble, but theri' I will not come."
"I would like you to come," I said,
hut nhat difference does it make? This
"
is us."
 Approved For l ase 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-01193AAB04001 065-3
0
LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
September 13, 19611?
I mej Penkovsky and his delegation at
'-~o~dZ A'
1?. TIIIIC Off
~E~~I.~ ~,onSClalE - N on . trport and shortly x7icrwards ,. - ;
I took Penkovsky, ? himself ? to my office. ! He had. more energy than -most; he
On the way I had to sto
at H
d
p
arro
s to wanted to do everything, and investigate
t is worth adding, I think, in view of i pick up a parcel, and took Penkovsky everything, He wanted to visit museums,
some of the more irresponsible comments in with me, art galleries, cinemas and theatres, and he
made later, without any basis of fact, that As we went through the entrance he wanted to see the interesting buildings
all this happened before the Portland spy just stood there and gaped. Behind him and go into department stores. He was not
case, and before any of the British public buses and taxis unloaded customers. particularly interested in the factories, he
had heard of a fellow called Lonsdale. The People pushed and jostled him aside. And wanted to get that over and done with
first Western contact with Penkovsky'was he gaped at the dresses and goods in the and have his serious discussions with,
made early in 1960 ; I myself began con- store, and the people choosing and buying, important " people.
versations with Penkovsk
in D
b
y
ecem
er, the fitted carpets, the lighting, the general But he would keep his amusements`.
1860 ; the .Portland trial was not until atmos
here en h
ul.4 ------ --- :- .. .
p
e co
i
u e g
ns u~u by Soviet lntelllg!nce Russian people." - - `????+ .,,.,. ua?J u, w,
purely to secure an exchange for the Later, when en we`were ere in Paris, , we went
re case of -Lonsdale `is. entirely with gut Russian delegates to Britain, whatever to cabarets at the Lido and Moulin Rouge.
foundation, i their status, are allowed onl; #2 5s. a day it was the first time he had ever seen such
for their hotel-, expenses (including all spectacular shows, with the -chorus girls
meals) and 10s :' a: day pocket money. On, in line: they don't have that in Moscow.-,
the whole they can afford nothing better: " Why can't the Russians have this too
than boarding houses or cheap hotels in', he said. "It is a very live and happy art,
.' London, and they cannot afford to take.. and not so serious as the ballet."
taxis, go to theatres, or even go shopping' In England, of course, he had to be?".
to any extent. This ,is precisely the result extremely careful;. after all he was the
that the Russian authorities hope for. leader of the delegation. But in the
;.? I was determined to. give Penkovsky's hotels I had arranged for delegates to have
'so,I arranged that they should have ra ~
cson roam, This allowed him to come and ;o '
abl
c
e ac
ommodation at- the Mount Royal--I as
Hotel. near Marble Arch, -and my com-
panies,- would pay the difference. I:I too
explained . that for, meals in the hotel
all they . had to-do ryas sign the bill.
The delegation arrived :on 'a Saturday,
On the Monday` morning, when I arrived-':
to, take - them to. the' North, the 'hotel "
."
manager took me aside; the'delegates had-;
been, refusing breakfast..I found them all-
?in .one room huddled -round a suitcase;::'
filled, with tinned food, eating sardines out
of a tin; Signing the ` bill is almost
unknown in Russia'and they- had feared
extra expense. When. I. gently, explained
that all meals were paid. for, - they ate,..
everything in. sight.
We set off for the North by car, and our
first stop was Sheffield. None of the dole--'
gates had ever been to the West before,
and none but Penkovsky had seen an
English shop. On the outskirts of Sheffield
we passed a Woolworth's,. and I ordered
the cars to stop. The Russians could not"
contain themselves; they ran from one;
'counter to another-literally ran-picking.
up cheap trinkets, toothbrushes, combs,'.,
;;plastic pens, pencil sharpeners, rulerst
photograph frames-anything and every.
-thing, as long as their money lasted.
The delegation's tour was a great sue-'
cess. My companies laid on luncheons,
:speech-making, flags flying, the Red flag
,and the British flag, the white table
:Cloths, the factories, and presents all...
r tr" - nd all this' for
al1,?to:.get., Penkovsky into. Britain.
1 e Ebr Release 20Q1/11/22 CIA-RDP80-01193A000400170065-3
 LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
September 13, 19611
In_1ris he asked me Several times i_-with I had stayed in France," he
whether I thought he should slay-iii the told me. "At the next opportuisity '.have
West. Within four months he had visited of going to the West, I shall stay there-
the West three times. He had seen for there is no question about it."
himself the ordinary people in England A proposed visit to the World Fair at'
and France, the number of cars on the Seattle and to a planned Soviet trade
streets, the rows of individual houses
with their own gardens, how the depart- fair in Cyprus had been put off. But he..
ment stores were crammed with goods. He had been told by Western intelligence how',
was overwhelmed by it and filled with he could, if he wished, leave the Soviet
regret for the plight of his own people, Union. Now I brought with me a letter
He would say, "Shall I stay? Shall I which cheered .him enormously, gave him'
stay?" I would always answer, "I shall a boost in morale and enabled him to re
not influence you ; it's entirely up to you." that his friends ou.tside letter h d not
I took him to the. airport for his forgotten him,
departure for Moscow. On the way heavy - On the second day of my visit, I had'
.fog descended; few other people got an- official meeting with the State Scienti-
through to Orly; there was no flying, and fic Committee, and on the evening of the
we sat together for four hours in the 'third day Penkovsky and I met. He was
almost deserted airport., All the time he
was asking, "Shall I stay 1 " ~ very reluctant to be seen with me more
than once, and pointed out that we had
Eventually the fog lifted, and I said. 'better not go to the theatre, and that I
good-bye to him at the barrier. He began 'had better not meet his wife. He thought;
to' go through, then came back again and' it best that we should just have an official'
said, " I will stay," I_said,," Well, Alex. it' meeting and then part-but that he would
is' entirely up -to you."' I knew that he rendezvous with me at the restaurant of,
could stay if he wanted to, But he the Pekin_ Hotel because we had never'
r .......,W ,,_. ~ ~;?.# v y ;. ? v. .~ . if I go back,,' he said. "-I have much
IN THE DOCK his grip went to the'same restaurant twice.
revealed his tenseness Iwo k'to do, He was not happy going I happened to get to the Peking with
back but he was brave.
came alone to assist at the Soviet
exhibition in July, 1961.
I went on holiday in Switzerland In
M~ition in the streets of Moscow.
who warned me that [acre was a i r for .h his close friend, I thought that it would- {Then Penkovsky came' along with is
of his going to Paris in September for the be a good thing if I went over to Moscow, brietcaseunder his arm. and I Gros ed
Russian exhibition. I suggested that I to cheer him up and to see if I could do',
et Airport
t Le Bour
hi
h
g
m a
ould meet
s
- anything to hel
In the event Penkovsky did not arrive,, p,
until towards the end of the second week. I. had no real reason for going, so I had
I had had to go to Le Bourget some to make one up. With considerable pub-
16 times-and had to make myself incon- licity it was announced that I wished to
spicuous each time I went. It was a take two huge exhibition vehicles across;
nerve-wracking wait, the Soviet Union. I wrote, to, the Scientific,,
I had jotted down the timetable of the Committee and the other organisations,'
aircraft arrivals in a small engagement I sent them pictures and in July I
diary I kept on me. During a short visit to arrived once again in Moscow on the,
Belgrade a few days, after Penkovsky, pretext of discussing this programme with',
arrived in Paris I missed this diary. It was] the authorities.
produced again 18. months later-during, Penkovsky met me again at the airport.'
interrogation at Lubyanka, I had not scen,him for nearly a year, and I,
In Paris Penkovsky used to attend the was shocked by the change. He was
Embassy or the exhibition during the day. very white and not -his, normal self,
official dinners at the and he was very worried. He said that
t
d
o some
an
go
Embassy; but whenever he got away I wash he had been working hard, and he'
H h h h
t
always waiting for him in a car at a pre-
arranged rendezvous, and in Paris you can
easily lose yourself. So we had quite a lot
of amusement there, doing the usual
tourist things, and he seemed to enjoy i
very 'much. But he said he p~ge-site
England.
Apprped ForIease 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-01190040065-3
some few minutes to spare, and I walked
up and down on the other side of the
Back to ?HHexP street. I saw some characters standing
around but they did not seem to nay
oug
was in a nervous state. C
L
was being watched; and Mrs. Chisho m,'
tli .,. wife of an attache at the Brit's.h `
Er bassy whom he knew, was also- being.
watched.
_.,.App d Fong ase 2001/11/22 ?-CI. RDP.80 04 .
I heard in the summer of 1962 that: too much attention to me for the moment.
 Appro Forfiilease 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-01I93>4ft 040017~96~65-3
LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
Scptcrnbcr 13, 1964
_ a~L_~t:?S
? t And for the moment they see
( ~ n' u a a o er-ned. This was all that I agreed to, that I
gave Penkovsky presents. It could be
the road and went up to hinm. Instead of
greeting me, however, he just put his.
hand to his nose, lowered his head, and
went straight into the doorway of the
restaurant.
I followed him into the lobby. He
looked into the restaurant, walked about,
and as lie was passing me he said some-
thing that sounded like, " Follow me
behind." I gathered that there was some-
thing wrong
and I took the hint.
,
Penkovsky went out into the street booked on a mid-morning flight to Lon- -just this little piece." And they would
and walked fora few hundred yards to don, but I was down at the airport at six produce a tape-recorder and there would
where there. was a gap in the buildings a,m. and took the first plane out, an early be Penkovsky's voice, and mine. There,
leading to a tenement area of wooden.', morning flight to, Copenhagen. was "sufficient to tell me they had been
houses. He went in there, and as I was " Penkovsky arrived at the airport about listening to conversations. There was one
coming by he spoke. to. me: ,"Grey, krough in the Metropole Hotel room in Moscow,.,-
quick I one in a restaurant in Budapest.
5 a.m., and arranged for me to go And went into the alleyway and he said, the formalities quickly by show- have very have ve they said, ..Wo know that you
"You must go away now, quick. I might in, his security card. He ,was still, it must ry friendly relations with Penkov-
see you at the airport tomorrow but you be remembered, an important official. sky. What is this matter you speak ?
n
are being followed, Go l", And he :went But he was obviously taking a great risk London Lou are re anfrienddss. You were friends in
out another way. coming to the airport in his desire to and in Paris. What is this ? I
As I came out of the alley I saw. two . get ale out as quickly as possible. We said the conversation I could Abe heard saying,
men standin there. 'And of, course . Iater ood-b e. '~ I wish you well, Alex,' and I have a
g g y ~. letter from them, for you " and Penkov-
n Lubyanka I saw photographs; they had " ? Please tell . my friends I'm very sky's voice-" Yes, in the letter they say
lead cameras. unhappy," he said. ' Please, I must. come. very good things. They said it was
Yl the Room '
(--I -knew then t tit t-he pEcc had been I thought this might satisfy them.
searched. Later, after my arrest, I was For the next five weeks or so the inter-`,
sl om-n a picture of the Harpic fff:= With rogation centred on this. Interrogation
newspajicrs I had bought on the plane and would take place at 10 o'clock in the..
my blue mackintosh with the label turned morning for two or three hours, and then.
inside out. My suits, my shoes, my soap back to the cell; and then in the afternoon
and washing powder were all laid out on for three or four hours. Very gentle, very
the bed-all in the picture. There was no l business-like.
question about them all being mine. And: " Now Mr. Wynne, do not be,stupid,
of course a close-up of the Harpic tini ? you must tell because we know everything.
with the canister pulled out. You have admitted to giving Penkovsky,
away as soon as possible. I. will try andi against Soviet law to smuggle in a letter.
get some more material for you, but it is, It cant I was a spy
.
now 1-1- rlonanrnnc. fnr mn 'in el r muR1'~ ' S
ca fur
b
e .,,y
When I got back to the Ukraine rioter
I
--early, of course, as I had had no dinner The next time I, saw Penkovsky was'! t -atment or 'that sort of thing at Ws were ste -I went up to my room and asked the through the spy-hole of his'; cell ,' rn `pout e. foodhi was moderate rn, reason example
female " gaoler " who keeps 'all the keys Lubyanka prison.
' they gave me milk each day, they gave
I
.
me tea and occasionally an extra cup of
-tea at, lunch time.
They did not shave my hair, and I was
.given my civilian clothes. " You see,"
they said, " we only took your clothes
away because we wanted to see that you
weren't carrying anything bad in them or
anything of that sort, and we wanted to
make sure that you weren't going to injure
yourself. You might be in a nervous state
and try to be foolish. Of course we don't
" No key-administration," she said.
I tried the door but could not open it, ~RADUALLY during my interroga
and the woman came after me and. said, tion they began to feed me with more
" Please, administration have, key - and more information which they had
p1case:" gleaned from Penkovsky, or from their'
Now downstairs-17 floors down- ' own sources: Penkoysky, and me outside
nobody ever has a key, and I got sus- the Peking Hotel; photographs of a pack-
picious, Still; I went down to the admini- age; photographs of Penkovsky and me
stration and waited 10.or 15 minutes, and with a sweet packet; Penkovsky returning
nobody knew anything about my key. So to me a suitcase of mine outside, the
I went up again and the woman greeted
ne, " I find your key."
I decided to 'check and see whether
my room had been searched, I had
brought with nee a tin of Harpic disinfect-'
ant with an empty film canister concealed
in a recess. I went into the bathroom-
it was still there. I looked around, and it
seemed that everything was in order. ..
But then I looked at my clothes. I
fo~d my shirts in an odd way-I unbutton
Or. front and turn the collars inwards to
k4:cp the dirt from them, But my shirts
' ere folded with the collars outside not
just one, but.all of them,
Ukraine Hotel. 1 treat prisoners badly these days, we are-,
So I said, " Well of course I have given cultured people."
i Penkovsky presents. If you look at my Having been there about a month .
luggage now, it is full up with presents. -~ had a beard. I said, fingering my
have shampoo, I have records, cigarette stubble, "You talk about Russian cul-
ligghters, ball pens-'I have a case-full. tune. Is this Russian culture? "
They are for everybody, not only for the " Oh but please you can shave, `jbut
Russians who can't buy them but for of course' a prisoner cannot use a blac e."
other people." di But I have an electric razor in my cast "So you plead guilty to giving Pen "Do, please, then Mr. Wynne."
''. kpvsky packaged "
But I didn't say packages, I said:
'resents."
was in the packages."
? i, ,
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0 0
LONDON SUNDAY '1T LEGRAPH
Sep tcrilacr 1 , 196k.
speak, ai Out the Press reaction to niy, , i They said that if that was the attitude
arres"t or anything like that, but she did. I was going to take they would s9ena` me?
It was now mid-December, rather less back to my cell and give me time to think.
than six weeks after I had first arri6etL4was taken back to my cell, rather
at Lubyanka. The interview lasted one roughly handled, and shortly afterwards
hour. During my wife's visit no uni- my civilian clothes were taken away and
formed guards were to be seen ip the also all personal articles and cigarettes.
prison, and even the officer who was in I had no woollen clothes, and they
uniform at all times had changed into would not let me have those that my wife
rather shabby civilian clothes. I can only had brought. As a result I was pretty
assume that this was done to put my wife I cold.. I had to wrap some old towelling
at ease. 'We' were allowed to embrace. round my feet for socks, and under the
The conversation we had was about thin cotton vest I put copies of Pravda,
Andrew, the house, our friends, and we which came to my cell.
didn't discuss much else. She asked me This was the only newspaper I had;
about the food and I said, "Well it's not they would not believe I couldn't speak
quite like home. . . . " because at this Russian. They said that this was a blind,
,period it. was a reasonable prison diet, 'that I could not possibly have carried on
meat and fish occasionally, and at least my negotiations, and that British intelli.
`I could cat most of it. They even gave gence would not have sent me out there:
me light-coloured bread, without knowledge of the Russian:
She brought a case of things with her,' language.
some woollen clothes, fur-lined boots,: ? For three weeks no one came near me.'
pullovers, and she even brought a bottle For three weeks I sat in that cell. They,
of whisky, cigarettes, things like that. The, gave me a pencil and paper, though they'
Russians -joked with her about ' the took the pencil out of the cell at night
Apart from the barber I never saw any whisky, and she was asked to take this and told me to write my whole story and
othe:Y prisoners. Nor was I allowed access back. But I was given a carton of cig- confession, which I did 'not do, of course.'
?to -anyone from the British, Embassy, = arettes and the photographs 'which she I drew
icture
th
e
p
s on
e pap
r started
,though I' repeatedly asked to ? see some- .had left, and a letter. from Andrew, and
redesigning my house, and laying out a'
'body. some books. new kitchen on paper. (When eventually
For four or five days after Sheila had I got back home I started to carry out
T ~1Ce5 Suit gone, they more or less left me alone., these designs I) They did not give me
' But then I was brought in for interroga- any reading matter
and even Pravda
,
tion again. At this interrogation there stopped coming to me after about a
One day I was taken out of my cell was a group of people. I recognised. then ,week.
into a room where my suitcases were that some were lieutenant-generals-there When I went to the toilet I managed
opened. " Which is your best suit?" the were about four or five that I had not
guard asked. "We want to clean it, we seen before, but still " my " general was to get other pieces of paper to keep myself
want to look after your things." ' I chose there, " my " lieutenant-colonel, and the warm, I did exercises in the cell to ants,
one, and an hour later they brought it same `interpreter. .warm. I had a long pair of cotton pants,
to me and said, " Put this on." They On this occasion I, stood at the table bthin oots. ~tWhen vIr went outclto walk canvas'
brought me a tie and they took my shoes' for about half an hour - they did not gave me a dirty heavy overcoat.
away and cleaned them. The warden -invite me to sit. I started to feel in my
told me, " You are going to see some pockets for a cigarette. The general T_
other people away from the prison." - -shouted,," You are not here now to enjoy View of the Sky
I was taken to the main administrative` yourself I This is now serious. . . .
,block. We stopped 'outside a, door, " and. Now you have had time to think f had one hour's exercise a day on the'.
an interpreter came out. Ile said, Mr. ? about things, we will start with the roof of the Lubyanka, from which I could'
Wynne, when you go into this room you ; serious business of your spying activities. see nothing, only the sky. There was a'.
,will be very pleased in what you see. But And anything that has gone on before, we tower, two armed guards who were in,
if you speak badly about anything the are regarding as complete and utter lies. little, boxes, and the little area of stone on
meeting will be over.' Remember that.' I,. But we will start from the beginning. We the roof where I walked measured 12 feet.
did not know what he meant. have plenty of time and you must stay by 12, with sheet metal walls and barbed
Hf opened the door, I wa,lked.into,the. herein real prison conditions until you wire on top about 14 feet high.
.room;' and:_there )vas my wife Sheila. And'.'. decide to tell us the truth."
Occasionally I could hear other
ther/ too - was the lieutenant-colonel. They said they would start with my !prisoners walking and chatting. Once r
'Sheila had-also beentold bythemnot to first visit to Eastern Europe, which was to'had a cigarette thrown over to me. if you
tdi j k
z - wane a cgarette youustnocked once
haa,ar,d in 1955. They had the dot eyon the wall, and if the fellow next door
had tde hotel at which I stayed, and theyhad got them and the :soldiers were not
wanted me to start relating whom I hadlookin he would throw one over. If-y:A
met and why I visited the country, aim- caught'.you got an extra, puni.shraent.
why I suddenly started to go to Eastern{
Europe. Who sent me? I I; took the -risk and threw notes over.
I simply said that my mind would not
go back as far as that, and if they knew
at which hotel I was staying, they must
have known the enterprises I had visited
rand the business I had done; that I was
simply, a business man,' and as far as
they were concerned I had nothing"-ti: 1
... _: ..,ems Q01-1V4/22,,::,Cl4- -
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0 C)
LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
September 13, 1964
71-i "about two days later 'they
~~~j ou ht me u from m cell, the
p a 0 OILA ~ . " . E G ? L1 ? me into another room. There were alto-,t1z t~ ! gether about eight Russians, including'.
some lieutenant-generals and an inter-..:
The guard couldn't 'look everywhere at. ' preter..
once, and occasionally while we were, And sitting on a'chair was Penkov_ ;:y..
being led the guard would be distracted. I-1- This was what they call the show-down-
L,'.contacted about three prisoners during the I the joint interrogation. .
It was bitterly cold walking, but at Reproduction in whole or in part forbidden.
least, however, it was fresh air and
exercise. In my cell I spent. most of the
NEX ARTXCLE ? H Th
six months I was there. ? 1964 The Sunday Telegraph.
time cleaning and polishing, because it was. T. Ow:
pretty dirty. I did exercises, and I couYd"'...Rigged-=the -Trial.
go down the corridor to the cold tap once ` . -----~
in the' morning and once in the evening. I.
could shave only when I went to the bath-
room every 10 or 12 days. The barber;,
had electric clippers, with the result that)
you never had a clean shave. The hair they;
let grow ; now it is clear to me that they-,'
.:.had in mind my, appearance in a possible.1
public trial.
By now the food was pretty grim.
During this three weeks they gave me a ;a
very bad diet indeed. I had one and a half
lumps of sugar ifi the morning, four inches Y
of black bread, about eight ounces, ghastly,:
bread which was all moist and terribly;
- ? from coarse grain and water, the Russian;..?
prison porridge, and weak tea, very weak,,;
Bad Diet
It was very nearly a starvation diet. In?;i
those three weeks I must have lost a lot,
of weight, and they were making me as.
uncomfortable as they possibly could.
is their attitude I shall adopt a bloody.';
attitude as well. Because this was the only'
way I could maintain my morale.
During all this time, of course, I was.,F
not allowed communication with my wife; ';;
no letters; no books. Nothing to read,
nothing to do at all except scribble on,.,
the paper I. was left. At the end of three',.!
? weeks I was again brought up for interro-cs
+' 'gation. And there again were, the general;
colonel and the interpreter. . $. 11 Well, you've had time to think about.'
things. Where are the notes you have,.
written? "
I said, "I haven't written any notes " i
and the guard handed over all the papers:,
that I had been fiddling about with, draw-
ins my kitchen and several motor-cars; I
like it at all, and said if I persisted in this:;
attitude it .wasn't going to help me or,
?e .anybody. Eventually they started ques-
tioning me, all over the same old things.
aaain_ We did not get' very far~hA~~:: `?
I just said I had nothing to tell them:,
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LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
Septcmbcr 13, 196+
Mwscow's Lubyanka prison, scene of the duel between Wynne and. ;is
interrogators which went on for many weeks.
Approved For Release 2001/11/22 CIA-FZa-"~'L9~A0(1o400170065-3__
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LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
tcmber 20, 1964
Scp U
Tfp of an Iceber j
VTE publish next Sunday the
law, Mr. Adzhubei.
Thanks to the B.B.C.'s fortnightly
5-minute programmes to the Soviet
.Union called Through British Eyes,
broadcast yesterday unjammed, a key
section of people there will have
heard what a European S, rvice
spokesman called .''references and
short quotes" to do with the.W3 ne.-.
Penkovsky story.
Greville Wynne's story of his experi-.
ences as prisoner of the Russians.,
That should be the signal for Moscow
to issue, as promised a fortnight ago,
their version of the arrest, trial and
return of Mr. Wynne in exchange for,
Lonsdale.
The purpose of the story to be?
told in Izvestia will be to stress the
Intelligence side of an episode which
was, and still is, of great political;
significance. The motives which.
drove Oleg Penkovsky into contact
,with the West are widely felt among
the technical, military and literary
Intelligentsia of, the Soviet Union:
impatience with low living standards,
drab lives, stifled discussion and con
stant supervision.
"He was the tip of an Iceberg,",
Mr. Wynne wrote last week about
Penkovsky, "there are lots like him
below the surface.'.' This is the
essential point that we confidently
expect Izvestia to avoid, even though,
its editor is Khruschev's own son-in-
Approved- R.~aazf'se 2001/1422- CJA-RDP80-G11-93AAO94A_Q-1 QO.65 .--__.---
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LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
September 20, 1964
ik b its amous.prede I cessors,-ifi was not. wh'a~r it seemed
fo the' world:. What goes in/ro' the staging' of.a Moscov~ ..'.
aJ today 'is,,-revealed in Tnls. third article Dy, the Brits
usinessman gaoled as a spy .
"`" Approved For Felease;1%~1/2 :ETA=F~6F~Zf1g3A~04D0~70065=3 ;
 Approved For Release 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-011933AA000400170065-3
;ONDON SUNDAY TILEGRAPH
September 20, 1964
Under the symbol of
Soviet justice, the
President o f t h o
Moscow Military Court
reads the sentences
eight years for Wynne,
death by shooting for
Oleg - Pcnkovsky. The
verdict of "guilty,"
just as in Stalin's
day, had been taken
for granted by all
cow's- Lubyanka Prison Wynne refksed
',was brought. from his cell to a room- in
which there were about eight Russians,
including several lieutenant-generals,
and,Oleg Peukovsky, the Soviet official
accused of spying with Wynne, It was
to be a joint interrogation: the show-.
down, .' ..
A S I walked into the room
Penkovsky stared at me in
complete fright. Obviously he
was greatly' shocked to see me.
He did not know that I had been
arrested, and did not even know that
,I. would ever go to Eastern Europe
again, having been warned. And, as I '
was soon to. learn, he made his state-
nieats at interrogation on the assump-
tion that I was far away.
drawn: he must have had a rough time of
it. I had known him so well when he was
normal, happy, and full of life, and it was
white and dirty.
They opened the joint interrogation
to see your comrade in crime, and tooshow
you that we know all. What we want is
for you to.tell us." And they then ad a
statement, they showed me some c,ocu
ments, and there it was. Penkovsk}i had
been caught with films and documents on
a great deal.
They read out a statement from him
that I was the master spy, that I was the
chief intelligence officer, and so on. Then'
they turned to Penkovsky, "'Here is your
comrade ia criine. What,do you have to,
pproved For Release-2001/11422 CIA RDP80=0.1'.1.93AO00400170065-3
 Approved For F ase 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-01193A 90400170065-3
say know? You think you've been clever.
We've hot him, and if there's anybody
elscr we'll .get them too. You don't know
whc, else we've got in those cells; you r
might have a few other surprises in a
moment."
Penkovsky did not know what to
believe. He looked pitiable. Then he spoke
to me through the interpreter, "Ah,
Greville, I didn't think I should see you,
in these conditions. Forgive me."
I said, " You've been telling them I'm
a spy. You know I'm a businessman.
? What is all this ? "
Then Penkovsky said to a general,
"I told you about Wynne. Yes, he helped
me, but there were other people more
important than him." Then they took,
Penkovsky off to the cells.
Right," they said to me. "Now
-how did you help ? You know what
v ill happen to both of you--you will be.
sllot if you do not tell us the truth."
LONDON SUPTDAY T EMGTRAPH
September 20, 1901k
Atter hearing the sentences Wynne talks Jo his Russian-defenco lawyer.
y\
i \ I said, " You shoot me? Never will people coming out of, the Embassy r
01) me. Go on and shoot me now." said, " Well, this is silly, these are busi-
I wasn't being brave, I was just angry.' ness people. You know that I know this,
This went on now for days, for, man and that man. . "
weeks, They talked, they questioned, they Then.they showed me a whole series,
threatened, they took me back to my cell, of other photographs. Frankly some of'
I was brought up in the daytime and at the faces were familiar but I said I did'
night. I went to sleep and then suddenly not know any of them. If I had once.
{ was woken up. They made me stand up admitted ' knowing one of them, there'
in front of bright lights. would have been no end to the questions'
And it lost most of its effect because
of the interpreter. This helped me greatly...
I know only a few words of Russian so I On
had time to think. By the time the trans
lator had translated, and then he wasn't
sure what I said, all the storms and threats
and rages had lost their effect.
They even brought out books of photo
graph ''s, saying: "Tell?us who you know
in thc,se pictures." It was a collection of
pictur'rs of businessmen who had been
to Mojcow. Some of them were passport
photographs, and some of them were of
the Tape
They showed me a film they had
taken of me meeting Penkovsky near the:
Boishoi Theatre. They played to me on a
tape-recorder a conversation I had had in
the Ukraine Hotel with Penkovsky show-
ing him a letter from our people, and of
course I had denied all this. I was saying,
" Well, is everything all right ? " and; he
said, "Well yes, it's about my escape, they
;have good plans for me," and-??I=- iltT,_
1" interesting?" and he said." Yes, inter-:
' e'- 9t One idea is to go by submarine
Was all on the tape. K
/ ,
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LONDON SUNDAY T ,GRAPH
September 20, 1964
spy'? Thank you,very much." .. I'm sorry for .this;- that and the other,'
" Oh well, we mean you are in a posi- because I'm not going to do this. I have,
tion of spying as a businessman. How can -my own country and my own,way pf.life
you help Kulikov 7? It is ridiculous to-say to protect. I'm not a hero, burl will never
that he approached you." 'betray my own way of life, because I've
And bf course like a fool I said, Well sec" how Communism works and I don't
1 remember the room in which this r : ll What, is this? how dare-you say caught--and I could no; ~.- .anything
conversation took place. We hail-zurne'd ; tli~Aijzo was your contact'?.,, about it, I could not tell them ;ust a little
the television on, and there was also a bit because then they would know I was
L told them about'Kulikov, I said that. radio loudspeaker and we turned that on ? we had, been several -times to the Highgate~!lying. As far as the Americans and British
too. And in spite of this we could hear tlare concerned the case is over ; they won't'
Soviet' Trade delegation- and I told them
den on Choi_ dose anything by it, they won't gain any
exactly what we said, although we could .'
in the a
f fhe' meetin
bo
r
g
a
u
hear the background music also. t sea Embankment.
Now this was evidence-I could not It's a pa.ck,of lies]" they creamed,
deny it, I just sat there and did not i .;'.' How can you tell; them ? How could
answer "You see Wynne we know all . '
about you, and you will never go out oL" -'You help us 7 ouare lust an ordinary I said "I sympathise' with you and I'm
salesman."
the Soviet Union again. Who are your sorry it's come to' this, but you. don't
Which Russians do you, know?" .And'
of course they had photographs ,of.uie in.
.
tors who walk alone' in. the. streets of `:i thjs is what he said" and then proceeded. like it."
Moscow. Sonietinies the students want' to tell, them. . About a year later they
souvenirs. Sometimes they seek informa. played this tape back -mutilated;' But H'iS motives
tion, sometimes they want to do a mild' that's another story.
blackmarket deal. It was now nearly six months since I Because his life had been ,promised
ame
the
hi
h
f
a
d
l
s
m,
so per
aps
or
n
a
One of the generals said, "You.ad been arrested, and still there was no
think that people like you can come to m,% news-of the trial,'?I was, holding out on reasons that motiv5ted me, Penkovsky
country, to the Soviet Union, and foc1 'them: 'I thrcatehed to ridicule them in ]agreed not to make an anti-Soviet demon-
us ? You think you can meet Russian court, -to expose their methods, to tell all stration at the trial, but to go along with
people and teach them your crazy capital- ". about the "approaches made to me in !the prosecutor's caricature of a man cor-
;,r .,,.,. 9 A n,..,, ]ilia van -nn mmn horn, Tnn(lnn by Knliknv- and nlher matters. nrupLcd by the pleasure and comforts of
and meet the same man once, maybe twice,! My attitude made them progressive]
but never three times." more angry, just as it helped to keep u
Vll a/lLL 111 J1Q 1G1111;.I11J Vl 1llJ IY lll1-ll lY l:1 Soviet attitude. If a businessman goes . borne?in?on me that,lf they chose to hold read out to me Penkovsky told them
h
e.
to the Soviet Union lie will rarely see t
same man more than twice. The next time
-when lie thinks he's getting really in
and the contract's coming up-he mayI
go back to the enterprise and ask for the
same man, but he will never see him. One'
can only assume that If a businessman
makes contact with any Soviet enterprise
he is'watched immediately.
Ni;;ht,,i~dDay
The interrogation went orl. night `and.,
day for about five months. It "did, not-,
During "that- time, how
get any further
,
age, an
a
no seen up to t
s
some
s
,
said that Penkovsky could speak Eng
ever, Penkovsky ' altered ? his story quite
se Penkovsky wanted to speak to me Nescafe, oiled soap and things like that,
a
b
u
ec
erably. After interrogating.mc they
considwould go off and ask. Penkovsky, and then;; privately. It was obvious to me that there;; and these suddenly turned up in the, cell.'
return and interrogate hie again: would be^microphonest netthnrrroom, but in addition 'the- doctor gave me?vitamin
They were worried about Kulikov (a.l
Soviet official in London). They got pretty'
rough during one long interrogation;: they.,
raved on about the'dirty;work L was doing:;
against the Soviet Union;' and how` their::
people were only interested, in; peace and!
culture.
"Peace and culture l What a lot of
nonsense! If I wanted to be mixe
upi
any
lied
the
Russians in London had approached.me
tcj try and get British secrets,"
trial in camera, which they threatene
tli
to
A
d J
riot only would they then be able tql
thing by this business. It is foolish of you
to be difficult. And to. say that, you are
going to, shout in the'public trial about
anti-Soviet things.
. 1111V ,1.l? lull - 1113 JV?11.1 11111.11 V6. L V 1J
he lade it quite clear what his real
bluntly that he had acted, not to help the
,West but'to help the best interests of his
own people.
About this time the food was improved.
I had been sick and I was getting a bit
t
n
y u
ou
a
fessiions " that they wanted, but I would, diet, should be. changed. I had meat every
lose an invaluable opportunity of getting day; I' had fish' every day; the 'milk .was
a message across to our own people. With restored; I had white bread, and they even
this in mind I gradually came round 'to, gave me eggs every clay for, breakfast and
accepting an open trial. an occasional sausage
Shortly after, Penkovsky was brought They were feeding me up for t he trial
'into the interrogation room to talk to me, -this is clear to me now. Sheila, my
'
of Bovril which
in the presence of soldiers ; the interpreter, wife, had sent some jars
hi
t
I h
d
d
'
li
h
It was now that Penkovsky said to me, ' Meanwhile other preparations for -the
"Greville, you realise that if you're going ,trial were going on. For a week or" two
to make trouble in' court--if there isn't a th'e prosecuting teani had been present, at
public trial-then they can do anything. my: interrogation. The one they said would
You realise that my life now is almost in ,cross-examine. hie at -the trial was 'a .big,
your hands ; that if you persist in your fat, red-faced -fellow with a 'bark like an
threat to make trouble in court and to tell Alsatian dog. lie was a rough character.
a lot of things which'would be bad for-the 11le spent all his time shouting.
1h4.ve the trial in camera as'they told 40u.'.niuch of it that it'just flowed over me. L
public' trial because if not I am surd I like that- I 'can't,undersfand what you're
i
s
t
' got to come through.
11 be shot ' saying anyhow,
the' 'rpreter. here, ?a'rad :I don't uiaer
r?t l d you ' you I will onlY yfi make urself
Irttat"' '
r
'I/22: ;Ch?t=RDPB i1' A0040O1700'65-=3 -
Sonic of them were students who had
come up to rile as I'was walking in the
This happens to most Western visi=
street.
anything they liked, and be ante to pu
 Approved Frelease 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-011' W000400170065-3
It w is just a morale' boost'for 'my,Gaif,
.but- fr:-had a surprising effect..',? fter a
ccv:ple of days he threw his ruler ;down
on the desk, yapped in. Russian;.,` and
swallowed some aspirins. They told. me
.afterwards he had given me up. In alway+
'it seems quite amusing.-now.1 1,
Another prosecutorwas appointed H&
too began with shouting. But I would say,,
" Excuse me," and have -a quiet. corivcr
sation with the ,interpreter, and therm say
." What was that? " This prosecutor would.
quieten down, while the first one .just" got;
red in the face. .
One day I was asked, Would you like'
to have legal representation ? " I answered
at once, '' Sure, I've got a good man in
London." That (lid not go down at alli
well; they've got no humour.
" I know you people too well," I said.-
"Please dispense with all this." They idn't
like this either ; they got very cross and
said, " We have a man if,you are i tter-'
est?d."
Borovik was produced. "Here is, Mr?
LONDON SU14DAY TLLEGRAPH
SGptcr.2bcr 20; 19611.
I was`led into the courtroom. The
judge himself wasn't there, but ther'.v
another general who stood in th'e Judge's
desk on it e'platform. But the prosecutor
was S ;erc. He was running through his;
part with Penkovsky in Russian.
Penkovsky looked very sad, though he
seemed' better than when I had seen him
before. He had shaved and had a little
more colour in his checks, but his eyes
w
d
d
i 'The trial began on May 71' 1963. At,
.the Supr me Court we came inth;rodgh'
,barri:.adcs and all other traffic - was
diverted. When I later sat in the court
,the windows were wide open and there
was heavy traffic outside in what was
normally a quiet road. The noise of this,
'diverted traffic drowned most of the pro-
ceedings in court. All the Western repre-
rmed that
f
i
i
nce con
sentatives there have s
they could hardly hear a word.
ya
n. ~^+~
were moist an
AndAhen they came-to me. They told' Wife in %-AJ t
me that there would be an open trial, but.
that I must understand that if I stepped; , I had a little difficulty in finding my
out of line in the slightest way'thcy could `wife- in court because she was hidden in.
stop the proceedings and have it all in. :a mass of people. But after about five'
camera. They said I could not have notes. . minutes we caught each other's eye. I
But I was saying, "My memory's bad, :I, started to put up my hand to wave, and
can't remember dates, I can't remember, 'the guard knocked my hand down..
anything else.'' And after much argument However, I succeeded in doing it later.,
they eventually allowed me to keep the I noticed during the trial that the'
questions and answers. r. front rows of "public" benches were,
This was just what I wanted I could filled with the same people each day. They.
now show the world that all this had been seemed to me obviously a picked audience,..
carefully prepared and'rehearsed, and that, Whenever the prosecutor made some
it was not a genuine trial at all. They told point at the expense of Penkovsky or me
me I could keep my notes and-papers on a they would applaud loudly.
low-level,"shelf )ust in front of me. The first day of the trial was taken.
arsal I could sit back listen- up 'with Penkovsky. On the second day
h
he
A
e
re
t t
. Bc,rovik; who will represent you at )ie ing to.the translations on my headphones,. they turned their attention to me. I soon
t fro We hol wave ep to talk with to ptcting up my notes and reading, then found that they had a means of controlling
osientattously for all the world to see. But' the volume of my voice as it came through
f,)r five minutes to sec whether 'yo - get ,' at the trial they shortened the lead to my- } the microphone. There, were three English-.
n." And they went out. ?:'headr,Jhoncs, so that I. had to lean forward speaking interpreters at the trial, and two
I said, " Mr. Borovik, who are you ? ?' and keep my head down in order to listen;; .of these always sat at a table with a knob
lie said he was a lawyer from the Central?I to the translation and read my notes at, on it which they twiddled frequently. I
Legal Bureau in ivloscow. lie was about 48L am quite certain that they deliberately
and a real product of the Communist sys ' turned my voice down-or even off. On
tern. Here was a man who was a qualt 1 `one or two occasions when I got close to
lied lawyer in the Soviet sense, who;: .th . same time, so it would just l ok in my microphone to speak, when I was
had never been outside the. Soviet Union, co rt as if I was concent:rat,ing. deliberately stepping out of line, I could
and had not the slightest knowledge of the'; Borovik came to the rehearrsal an'-l'tried not even hear the echo of my own voice.
outside- world, let alone of. Western, to put me at case by saying he wa5 legal'.; 'Me microphone was dead.
judicial practice. And now he was sup.ahd important, and it 'was Soviet justice, The result was certainly effective.
posed to represent a foreigner; and all the rest of it, He gave me a. cigarette Eng' sh-speaking people in the court ?oom
an he gave me a bar. of chocolate=-I 'co?ll follow very little of the proceedings,
--
_
_
?
that. I'm sorry to say I gobbled :it up in:, the Oise ? of the traffic outside, even,
of tine,' I'm supposed to talk to, you tor;; ------------- .
five minutes to see ,whether we like one
another, ,and if we don't they will only; ,one go' though there were loudspeakers through-
produce someone else; Now there's'; I did 'not see Borovik again until two' out the courtroom. Still, I did my best to
nothing.'. is you thcanere ' really do'for'me, .Mr.''- :days the before the trial.'I-ie brought'out all get my message across.
, " documents and went through them'
IIorovik I wanted to demonstrate that I was
with me. He wanted ? ire to sign that I under control in court to a certain extent:
'" Oh, Mr, Wynne, really I ama lawyer, had 'read: them. Now up} to that time. I
I come ; from the, Central Legal; .Cora- hadn't signed anything-I had refused on. I was determined to let my own people
mitt.ee. I, am here to defend you,", principle. But he said that from a legal know that I was referring to notes, and
Thcn'thc prosecutor came in, together', point of view the British Embassy .vould, to show them that I was not just playing
with the lieutenant-colonel,' my' interro want to. know. that I. had seen the docu the Russian game completely. I therefore
gator, and two or three' other people--allj ''ments. It was in my' own interests, he took the opportunity when it occurred of
while I' was talking to the. defence lawyer., `claimed. saying on three occasions to the judge,
Notes N%~cre being taken all the time, This_ "Excuse me, I? must refer to my notes."
It was true that they had read these. ;Again I emphasised the point. " Wcll,? dQ
was Soviet jus ice,' conversations' and discussions out to you ant mc tos speak now ? to get cr
The following morniiig I was given Therefore on their insistence'I sign aedcct thsacross to the. Press that I knew what tit
back my civilian clothes and I was; 'ddruments to'say that this, translatiort`,jc~
a of say ~ n xt. I wanted to make it quite clcajr,
g
allowed to use my electric shaver. Wh
w,is tidied tin I was, put into a car
tife buildings of the Soviet Supreme Co
They were. ready for a rehearsal.,' -,
n L . bet n lead to me, and was co
" that . it had all been prepared and
1md that I 'had trade, all these, statements d rehearsed.
to ,agr ed. With -them'
Ilk ) 53 CJJ!)J,1J!J1J1&d-F&~ lease 2 : CIA-R 170065-3
 Approved Fot elease 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-01I9SM00400170065-3
LONDON SU1`TDAY TELEG;4APH
September 20, 1964
The prosecutor said, " When you were
in?UtiishoTm's [a British Attaches] apart demanded 10 years the. previous day; h
., a blasting from` them in my cell in
u" 4--A out that ;fIr was io or 20
i
ke mu
-
t --A
you spoke
eakctn co nun, YV11dL w night. This was the end, their patience
.point of speaking g like this? There re were
It was announced in I knew that they had got a Russia
hausted
.
was ex
no Russians there in that flat."
court the following day' that the final man in England, of course, but it did nct?
And I replied "Well it is no secret statements from the defendants would be .'enter my head that there might be suc;1
to people in my country, and people in heard in camera, an early exchange, though I had every con-
other countries, that there are micro fidence that my wife and my own people:
phones planted in diplomats' apartments would seek my release before the sentence
in Moscow." They were livid.' The' Coinrade Judge . ? . expired. I did feel, however, due to
the severity of their interrogation, that,
prosecutor changed immediately to an-
other Subject, and my reply was dimmed " lea they took the whole matter extremely
down by the switch. When Penkovsky began his final p seriously, and I thought I would be there;
During the lunch recess the interroga- he was really in a bad way. He started for about five years.
tion officer came to see me in my, cell, off: Comrade judge, you have listened When the sentence was pronounced I
together with the prosecutor. They 'patiently at this trial. I ask you please to was concentrating on the translation, and'
warned me that this was a statement remember that I have also given service at the time I don't think I blinked an
which would get me into serious trouble ; to the Soviet Union, I. was a soldier, a. eyelid. ,The fact that it was eight years
that this was the last warning that I would loyal Serviceman, I ask you to be patient, when the prosecutor had demanded 10'
{ have; that I would be treated accordingly ' and I give my plea for your consideration .
before you pass. sentence," years did not mean anything to me. I`
for this mistake when I'got back to prison, am not playing heroics now,-but after six,
I wish I could say that my efforts to Then he stopped, with tears in' his.. months of interrogation, as far as I was
attract the attention of Western corre- eyes ,and his handkerchief out. This .was concerned I had had six months of trial,
sponclents to my position were rewarded. very genuine. He spoke to the' judge and and this was just another act to me.
.But I am sorry to say. that, what with Borovik came to me and told me that, I watched Penkovsky closely when he
the inaudibility in the courtroom and the Penkovsky had-requested that I should was sentenced. His hands were twitch-
natural inexperience' 'of. most of the not be present for his final plea-" he ing and Aerspiring; he was moist all over
Western reporters when it "came to Soviet would.feel better if'you weren't, there " his face; he was pale; his eyes were moist.
" trial " methods, very few of my gestures and would I object to going out?. And when he was sentenced his whole
or remarks,, made ? at not inconsiderable I did not want to embarrass Penkov- -body seemed to relax completely and his
risk to myself, were noted in the English. sky, so I went. I could hear his voice; hands stiffened; they were red and wet-he
or other Western newspapers. there was only a door between me and, was obviously in a terrible.emotional state,
The trial went on in public for four the, courtroom, and a little trapdoor in ,was a ' distance I do not think people
and I asked for that to be would have noticed this. He certainly did
cell door
n
e their "'th
d t
h
h
h
h
d
,
g
a
o c
e
a
en t
ey
t
days. An
plans because I had again been a little left open, as it was very hot in this, cell. not collapse or faint-he took it like a,
difficult. The guard let the door down and I could man. After all, he was a brave chap.
I was asked, " Are you repentant, . hear Penkovsky speaking for a long, long Then occurred what I think was the'
Wynne 7 " I had been told to say, " Oh time, and I heard sobs. most terrible thing about the whole trial.
yes I am now repentant; I am very sorry ' When I got back to give my plea he As this man was sentenced to death the,
for having committed this crime against was really in a bad state. My plea was Russian people in that court were not
the Soviet Union because I have only written for me by Borovik, I just said" satisfied. They moved from their' seats.
found friendship and hospitality . and that there was nothing else I had to say, and came up close to Penkovsky and
peaceful co-existence on all my previous,., that, the trial had,taken place in a Russian ..'clapped. in his face,.. and jeered and
visits." It had been written out for me,, court and that I certainly hoped 'that I laughed at him.
but I could not bring myself to say it. would not have. to spend a long time in ' Now this is not the behaviour of a
What I did say was, "Well it was not, prison,-and that if there was any sort of cultured race. This shows them up for
n 'clemency would they bear in mind that it what they really are. All this torture and.
t Uni
S
i
th
f
ov
o
e
e
o
my wish to come
and abuse the goodwill which I always was my son's birthday today-the day of agony is what they thrive on; this is real'
found among the trade enterprises in the the sentence. It was. a lot of, blah,' it Communism in action. It was terrible--?
so hard to prove
in
t societ
tr
i
h
S
' '
g
y,
y
e
ov
e
t
country." This was no more than the. meant nothing.
truth, for I'was only referring to a limited There was a wait of about three or itself an adult and cultured one, clapping'
ci~~cle. four hours, and then late in the afternoon at a man who has just been sentenced to
death
\They were furious about this, they we ? eame back, into open court to hear, Were were absolutely livid. The next.day"I had the k,; sentence.: ,,;;The, ,,: prosecutor : had,--'
,, . Those people who clapped and jee ;
--Approved-"Fo 1yl-?t122:.:, CtA-Ruou-ui
. . ; -
 Approved For Fiase 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-01193400170065-3
LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
September 20, 1964
- o ~? ,.~u wurz.ouiiatng, Wynno and his wife Sheila.
obviously had not the faintest id a what
the Western way of life was lik:~'They
wore a completely ignorant crov'dvho`
had bne from the cradle to adult life full3
of t is terrible Communist,prop ganda:
this as their existence, and A hey had;,
nothing to compare it with.
But Penkovsky had seen the other
way of life; he knew what the Western
way could produce, with people free to
work as they chose, free to be educated,
1`, .as they chose, free to seize an oppor-
tunity when it arose, free to express them-?
selves in art, thought and religion, He
. twas convinced himself, and. he ! kept
on saying that many other people were
convinced also, that the system 'in the'
Soviet' Union was wrong and that he,-
wanted to help to bring about' change to'
"a more liberal form of socialism:':'
He never said to me that-he wanted,,
an easy life, and wanted to live in the"
,,West.- He said, "I am Russian, it is my,
(country-therefore I want' to help my.
`country change its political system."
Penkovsky proved himself to be' a`
brave man. He had access to great`
secrets-some through his highly-placed
friends, others on his own account as.an
intelligence officer. He had to give'a lee
-tyr or write a thesis twice a year=he was.
stil a colonel, a member of tl>4e Corn-,,
m nist party and of military intelligence:
It !was admitted in court tha; a. lot
011
' information ? on,; rockets was (sent; to,
;England. , ' The Russians '? neve'` really?
Id Witted to me how much it;portant
ma erial was' sent. out-they told me- little
of Penkovsky's -activities, they tried to
final. him out to me as a fool. But I
know better.
CG e is Alive "
I am - convinced now. that the
Russians had got wind that there was
.an undercurrent in high circles. Immedi-
ately after the trial Marshal Varentsov, a
'rocket expert, was relieved of his com-
mand. More than 300 diplomats and
Agents were ordered home from abroad,
- But'if they knew some of the people
involved they certainly do not know them
all. The Russian rulers are probably play-
ling a waiting game; they might keep
Penkovsky on ice in some isolated prison,
,in a camp or in an isolated village for a'
couple of years, to see if anything else
comes ' out-so that they can interrogate
'him further. This is what I feel has
,happened. In my opinion they would be
(foolish, to shoot Penkovsky unless they
;held an execution attended by eye-'
witnesses. 'I would have said that they
had not shot?Penkovsky, that he is still
alive.
There are other reasons which make
me'think this. There was the promise to.
spare his life, and his appeal to me that
his life was in my hands. Then there was
the way that he took his sentence. He
was under a terrific emotional strain, of
course. But he did not collapse; ,he just
stood rigid and faced these people in the
courtroom who were. clapping him,
' I did not see him after that. I went
,back to Lubyanka. Where he was taken I
do not know.
m 1964 The Sunday Telegraph.'
,Reprodyction in whole or in part fori4dden.
'NE ,'T ARTICLE:
_ '10 a Soviet Prison..
FP-1,
~-~~" "Ap"'~~d~7~eF~ase?266"hff 5-3_._
.i
 Approved For F ase 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-01193AQW4001700W-3
LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
September 27, 195+
Approved For Release'2001/11/22::. CIA-RDFBD-(TT?:9"3AQ06 MT6065-3-----
b e u extent of, ,the ordeal ro which the Russians sub' ected
F r
His appearance on his return from Soviet imprisonment spoke more than words
alybout how he had been treated. Now Greville Wynne continues his story by
revealing at last "h f it
 Approved For F ase 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-01193AQ00400170065-3
LONDON SUi9DAY TLLEG.iOPH
Sep tcm'o r 27, 196%
F
Wynne brouv,~t his prison uniform and mu
ba
ith hi
g
ck w
m, /rd posed;
for the picture'at left a few days after his arrival. Above, a recent pietuiro
.~ ApprovettPorRetease el/14/32 EI,4 RBPB&-0: 3A OgOAa a06
 Approved For Base 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-01193A 0400170065-3
LONDON SUNDAY TELEGRAPH
SCp.t;cmbc-r 27, 196:4
A FTER the trial and my sentence
to eight years' imprisonm nt- :~ .
was allowed to see my wife Sheila
twice-for half an hour immedi-
ately afterwards, on . Saturday
evening May 12, 1962, and for a
longer period on the` following
Monday. Each time I was warned,
to ' behave " correctly," not to three hours-90 miles to the north-east of
" make insults" ' in other words, `Moscow-to the town of' Vladimir, ,
that I was not to talk about the.- Lubyanka is bad enough; but at least
they put on a bit of a show because it is
phoney trial, the interrogation, or 'a headquarters. But at Vladimir prison
conditions .in prison. the soldiers were filthy, needed a sh:nre,
and their uniforms were old and thread-
But I managed to convey something bare. There were 12 soldiers in the recep-
to her. I spoke in whispers; I guessed ..tion hall when I arrived, and 1 was made
there would be hidden microphones. to strip naked. The soldiers stood watching
The -greatest stroke of luck, however, and laughing. They made me bend down
was that for the first time a number of to see if I had hidden anything, but I
cameramen had been assembled in the could not bend properly because I had
room. I said, " This is a private meeting, steel pins in my legs, sg they kicked icked met
Get,out:!" And because I got angry in but notghelasttimerthat Ilwasuassaulted.
front of Sheila, they got rid of the cameras
-to give the impression that I was being. Eventually they gave me back my
treated normally. It was while the guards clothes, packed my other clothes in the
were telling the cameramen to go that I suitcases and tried to make me carry them.
told Sheila a few important things. Now I cannot carry heavy cases because
of my legs, so they knocked me about to
After the trial I was in Lubyanka for try and make me. But I refused, and left
abe,ut a week. My Soviet lawyer, Boro- the cases there.
vilri, cams and showed me the appeal to
Pri_lsident Brezhnev for clemency which T e O H- aatye
he Thad prepared and which I copied out.
Bor'ovik said he would visit me in prison, I was put in a cell on my own for the
and asked about his payment. I had been nlg ht, and they gave me the usual cabbage
told that the Soviet authorities would pay soup and very weak tea. Early next :horn.
his fee; now he said that he would not ing I was taken to the showers. It was a
get very :much and would have to pay a filthy place. They shaved off all my
lot of tax on it. I agreed that I would pay hair and my moustache, and I was taken
a moderate additional fee-to cover his back to another cell. There I found
tax. I, never saw him again for a year, an American student called Marvin
Then I went before the lieutenant- Makineh. He had been arrested and1sen-
calone] and the interpreter who had tenced on a spy charge about a year before,
undertaken my, main interrogation (the and had now been in solitary confinoment
general had disappeared by then). The for over four months.
colonel gave no hope of a remission and- Makinen had what was known as sick
said I had made things worse for myself. diet-fresh white bread and milk. 1 did
all m V .. .,,.,~ "'.,1.;;ii.'.11%
ti?fhich specifically enumerated certain
nonprofit purposes considered worthy of
exemption.
Approved For Release 2001/11/22 : CIA-RDP80-01193A000400170065-3
 --~' ro/Od F e ase 2001/11/22: CIA-RDP80-011; 000400170065-3
Approved For Release 2001/11/22j: CIA-RDP80-01193A000400170065-3
~r
for pro1:1.t would be constanlc.e.
Critical to the thinking Of thi~
mc,mber offering the amcndricr t .ca s h-.r
conc2r'n as to how the phrase ' cr:`._
Asto;cy rolc:van+_: to t-Ine b l= :L~:
l : ":7
t!a7.^a pO:i.23'+: .hat: .`i10: 0111Y
be found. To.: s ' .ccd for u.7,
c:"1.arity .from taxation was
or another blessed by the e ac'tment of the amendment.
While too extensive a dwelling on such
debate might" be faulted as "fumbling about
in the ashcans of the legislative. process
Senator Bacon saw as a d1.ff e:t' ^c1.
organ izat ions "organized for t'aose organized for individ-.Ial
x is ].ci 1093", b irx; the.'. touch? tl.):-i^
the former tner~;.ly descriv"c.iv=e Of a
at.t lvities of nonprofit oY'gci 1" 55 .# i ons V
acknowledged, discussed and to orvi
 Approved Fo a se 2001/11/22': CIA-RD SO-011 00 4WYf70065- '
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in.e :n.t _c~t ?L1 - a r r, .?
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too., pl 3.ncl~.ides
7.. Cungx?ei-,)'s was a:va:r(,
Approved For Release 2001/11/22'': CIA-RDP80-01193A000400170065-3
charte;blc' 1],tr o. - C
inu): ing to 7.nd:iv:Lc u w1.
L7.kv it;5
R~.venue Act of 18;x'}.t ti!C !:.:r. ,J
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was far from convinced that: Sa c1