THE REVOLT IN HUNGARY A DOCUMENTARY CHRONOLOGY OF EVENTS BASED EXCLUSIVELY ON INTERNAL BROADCASTS BY CENTRAL AND PROVINCIAL RADIOS

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4
Release Decision: 
RIFPUB
Original Classification: 
K
Document Page Count: 
115
Document Creation Date: 
December 19, 2016
Document Release Date: 
December 7, 2006
Sequence Number: 
35
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
November 4, 1956
Content Type: 
TRANS
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4.pdf15.84 MB
Body: 
The Revolt in Hungary A Documentary Chronology of Events BASED EXCLUSIVELY ON INTERNAL BROADCASTS BY CENTRAL AND PROVINCIAL RADIOS OCTOBER 23, 1956 ? NOVEMBER 4, 1956 ~dOPVCDF Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 AUSTRIA CZECHOSLOVAKIA GYOR ,? SZOMBATHELY ? BUDAPEST ? PECS ? DEBRECEN KAPOSVAR ? ? RADIO STATION YUGOSLAVIA USSR MISKOLC ? ? EGER NYIREGYHAZA ? ROMANIA Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Preface T HIS document records the story of the Hungarian people's revolt as broadcast day- to-day, hour-by-hour. The record begins with the Radio Budapest account of stu- dent demonstrations on October 23: 1956, continues through the Soviet military inter- vention on November 4, 1956, and includes significant excerpts from broadcasts through November 9, 1956. The source materials for these transcriptions are the broadcasts of all the central and provincial radio stations in Hungary, official and unofficial. These broadcasts were monitored, translated from the Hungarian, and edited to give a running account of the most important political, economic and military events of the revolt. Pas- sages have been selected only on the basis of their significance in the sequence of devel- opments; they have been given as completely and in'as great length as possible, with a particular eye for materials which were not published elsewhere. The italicized daily summaries are based on press, radio and eyewitness accounts where confirmation or corroboration were possible. The photographs were obtained from news services and private individuals: The record speaks for itself and requires little commentary. Footnotes have been provided as necessary to explain the background of people and places. Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 200j1 ,2/ 3~~- RDP80BO1676R001000010035-4 Resolutions Passed by the Workers' Councils of the 11th District of Budapest The labor representatives of the workers of the plants of the 11th District have unanimously decided that in the interest of the Socialist construction of Hungary and of the Hungarian people's future, they are willing to resume work under the fol- lowin conditions: g 1. We wish to emphasize that the revolutionary working class considers the factories and the land the property of the working people. 2. The Workers' Parliament recognizes the Kadar gov- ernment as a negotiating party, provided that the govern ment, to assure its own legality, will reorganize itself to conform with the will of the people. 3. The people have put their faith in the workers' coun- cils to make certain that the will of the people continues to he carried out. We demand that the authority of the work- ers' councils be expanded and reaffirmed by the govern- ment in the economic, cultural and social fields. 4. In the interest of preserving order and re-establishing peace, we demand that a date be set for free elections in which only those parties may participate that recognize and have always recognized the Socialist order, based on the principle that means of production belong to society. 5. We demand the immediate freeing of the members of the Imre Nagy government which was elected by the revolution, as well as the release of the freedom fighters. 6. We demand that a cease-fire be ordered immediately, as well as the prompt withdrawal of Soviet troops from Budapest, since Hungarian authorities can assure order through the labor force. And we demand that as soon as workers have resumed work, the Hungarian government open negotiations for the gradual and orderly withdrawal of Soviet troops from the territory of the country, and keep the public informed on the progress of these negotia- tions. 7. The police force must be organized from the honest workers of the plants and from the Army units loyal to the people. 8. It is requested that the above points be made public by the government on the radio and through the press. Conclusion: We shall immediately begin with recon- struction, work toward supplying the people with food and re-establish transport facilities, but other tasks will be un- dertaken only after recognition of our demands and after they are carried out. WORKERS' COUNCILS OF THE 11TH DISTRICT Budapest, November 12, 1956 Youth Manifesto We staged a demonstration on October 23: we took the radio; the Corvin Theater, Miskolc, Gyor, Dunapentele, Cscpcl were ours. Tanks and misled foreign soldier; were arrayed against us, and yet the city became ours. tf:e coun- try became ours! The whole Hungarian natior stands unanimously beside us! The revolution has been vii t~,rious! And yet God knows on what authority a few coo Dg poli- ticians in parliament, calling themselves the worker-peasant government, in the name of the people, behind tlir backs of the people, direct the tank guns against the? , talk- ing of a counterrevolution and Fascism nd reviling us, re- viling the whole Hungarian nation. They want to betray us and sell us to the Soviet government, to the sec,u ity po- lice, to Gero and Rakosi and their ignominious grcup, who have had our cities destroyed with a bar'oarous cruelty sur- passing even Hitler's. The last of the traitors i~ Janos Kadar! His crimes are a thousand time, worse than those of any of his predecessors: genocide, treason, cowzrdicc! In the name of the dead, in the name of the dean' of the Hungarian and Russian peoples, we accuse hit,.t and call him to account, him and his bosses, the responsible leaders of the Soviet government. As evidence of our strength, we will keep up the strike as long as a single soldier s on our country's territory. For a neutral, independent, democratic and socialist Hungary! There can be no more bargaining, no pardon, no excuse. We accuse and the accusations must be answered. ARMED REVOLUTIONARY YOUTH November 12, 1956 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 The Hungarian Revolt Tuesday, October 23,1956 Student demonstrations in Budapest take place in front of the statue of General Bern and the Polish Embassy. Students demand reforms, democratization, the return of Imre Nagy. Police try to disperse the crowd when students attempt to be heard over Budapest radio. Tear gas is used and then students are arrested. The crowd attempts to free the students and the police open fire. The demonstration turns into a riot and street fighting breaks out. Martial law is declared, a call for Russian troops issued, and, during the night, Soviet tanks and jets are reported used against the demonstrators. Morning Radio Budapest, Home Service 0900 hrs.' "AS REPORTED yesterday, general meetings of students have been held in several Budapest universities. At these meetings it was decided that the youth of Budapest will hold a silent demonstration of sympathy in front of the Embassy of the Polish People's Republic. It is the aim of the silent demonstration to express the deep sympathy and solidarity of youth with the events in Poland.' "Youth has also approved a resolution to denounce and suppress any kind of extreme, provocative and anarchistic demonstrations. They avow that the demonstration of sym- pathy will take place in the spirit of Socialist democracy ' All times-both broadcast times and hours mentioned in broad- casts-Greenwich Mean Time [GMT] ; this is one hour earlier than Budapest time. 2 Referring to the extensive Polish liberalization and in particu- lar to the October 19-21 meeting of the Polish Party's Central Committee, which elected "national Communist" Wladyslaw Go- mulka Party leader and defied threats of Soviet force. and promise to maintain order and discipline. University youth will meet in front of the Writers' Union Building at 1330 hrs. this afternoon." 1100 "The Hungarian Writers' Union wishes to ex- press its great appreciation of the events in Poland. . . . Hungarian writers, who in the course of the past years constantly fought for democratization and against Rakosi's policy, believe the chief tasks of the Hungarian public to be, firstly, to assure further advance on the path of Socialist democracy, secondly, to avoid and beat off all possib.''e provocations which, making. use of the enthusiasts created by the Polish events in Hungarian workers and students, might disturb our happiness and political endeavors." 1153 "A communique from the Ministry of the Interior: "In order to assure public order, the Minister of the Interior is not permitting any public meetings and demon- strations until further notice. [Signed] Laszlo Piros, Minister of the Interior." [The announcement was repeated at 1215.1 Approved For Release 2006/12/08-. C Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Tuesday, October 23,1956-Afternoon Radio Budapest, Home Service 1323 "LASZLO Piros, Minister of the Interior, has withdrawn the ban imposed on public meetings and dem- onstrations. "The First Secretary of the Central Committee of the Hungarian Workers' [Communist]. Party, Comrade Erno Gero, will speak tonight at 1900 hrs." [This announce- ment is repeated four times in the ensuing half hour.] 1400 "On October 23, 1956, at 1300 hrs., the Central Committee of the DISZ3 opened its sixth meeting. The Central Committee approved the demonstration of Buda- pest youth in sympathy with the Polish People's Republic. It then decided to participate in the demonstration, and the meeting was therefore interrupted.... The Commit- tee requested university students and other youth partici- pating in the demonstrations to prevent any attempts at provocation...." "6. We propose that Mihaly Farkas" case be tried it public in accordance with Socialist legality. "7. We propose that the Central Committec? revise err tain resolutions recently passed . . . concerning literature and the Petofi Club.... "8. Let even the most delicate questions be made pub lic: the balance sheets of our foreign trade agrecr: crt, and the plans concerning the utilization of Hungari;crt uranium." "9. With a view to consolidating Hungarian-Soviet friendship, let us establish even closer relations with thy. Party, State and people of the Soviet Union on the basis of the Leninist principles of complete equality. "10. We demand that the Central Committee o. tic DISZ take a stand,'at their October 23 meeting, on tic points of this resolution and adopt a decision on tiF democratization of the Hungarian youth movement, "The above resolution was published in all newspapcr. this morning." Radio Budapest, in French to Europe 1300 "Last night the Petofi Club4 of Budapest held a meeting and adopted the following resolution: "1. In view of the present situation in Hungary, we propose that a session of the ... Party's Central Committee be convened as soon as possible. Comrade Imre Nagy' should take part in the preparatory work of this- session. "2. We consider it necessary that the Party and the gov- ernment disclose in all sincerity the economic situation in the country, revise the Second Five Year Plan [1956- 1960].... "3. The Central Committee [of the Party] and the gov- ernment should adopt every method possible to insure the development of Socialist democracy.... "4. We propose . . . that Comrade Imre Nagy and other comrades who fought for Socialist democracy and for Leninist principles should occupy a worthy place in the direction of the Party and the government. "5. We propose the expulsion of Matyas Rakosi" from the Party Central Committee and his recall from the Na- tional Assembly and the Presidium. It is necessary that the CC . . . bring to a halt present attempts at Stalinist and Rakosi-like restoration. 3 The Union of Working Youth, the Communist-dominated youth organization. 4 A recently-organized club of intellectuals which has acted as a major forum of the intellectual ferment and liberalization. It is named after the great 19th Century poet of the struggle for Hungarian independence. 5 Former Premier (July 1953-March 1955), expelled from Party in 1955, readmitted October 1956. Symbol of the post-Stalin New Course and considered a "national Communist." Radio Budapest, in Hungarian to Europe 1730 "National flags, young people with rosette, of the national colors singing the Kossuth9 song, the Marseil - laise and the Internationale-this is how we can describe- in colors and in the titles of songs how Budapest today is bathed in the October sunshine and celebrates a new Ices of March. "This afternoon a vast youth demonstration took plac!- in our capital.. Although at noon today the Minim; of the Interior banned all demonstrations, the Politburo of the Hungarian Workers' [Communist] Party eehanged the decision. Scholars, students of technological faculties, students of philosophy, law, economics, together w-t=r students from other university branches, took part in the march led by their professors and leaders of the university Party organizations. "At first there were only thousands but they were joined by young workers, passersby, soldiers, old people, secor:d- ary-school students and motorists. The vast crowd gr,w to tens of thousands. The streets resounded with these slogans: `People of Kossuth, March Forward Hand in Hand,' `We Want a New Leadership-We Trust In ire 6 First Secretary of the Hungarian Party until July 1956 lo+u:- time symbol of Stalinist rule. ' Former Defense Minister, dismissed from the Party in July 1956 and later arrested for violations of "Socialist legality." 4.e., for use of Stalinist methods. 8 Both these points are references to Soviet economic exploita- tion of Hungary. 9 Louis Kossuth, Nineteenth Century Hungarian leader, hero of the March 15, 1848 revolution against Austria. See later dem;,rd for national holiday to mark the day. Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Nagy,' `Long Live the People's Army,' and so forth. The shouts reverberate, the national colors flutter in the air, windows are open. The streets of Budapest are filled witi a new wind of greater freedom...." Tuesday, October 23, 195 6 -Night Radio Budapest, Home Service 1830 AT TODAY'S Politburo session ... it was decided that the next meeting of the Central Committee will be called for October 31. The agenda will be: 1. the po- litical situation and the tasks of the Party-speaker, Erno Gero; 2. questions concerning organizational problems." 1900 First Party Secretary Erno Gero addresses nation. He says, in part: "Dear Comrades! Dear Friends! Work- ing people of Hungary! . . . It is our resolute and unal- terable intention to develop, widen and deepen democracy in our country. . . . But of course we want a Socialist democracy and not a bourgeois democracy. Following our Party and our conviction, our working class and our people are jealously guarding the achievements of our People's Democracy and will not allow anyone to touch them. We shall defend these achievements from what- ever quarters they may be threatened. The main purpose of the enemies of our people today is to undermine the power of the working class ... to shake the people's faith in their Party . . . to try to loosen the close and friendly ties between our country . . . and the other countries building Socialism, particularly between our country and the Socialist Soviet Union. They try to loosen the ties between our Party and the glorious Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the Party of Lenin, the Party of the Twentieth CPSU Congress.'" "They heap slanders on the Soviet Union; they assert that our trade relations with the Soviet Union are one- sided and that our independence allegedly has to be de- fended not against the imperialists but against the Soviet Union. All this is a barefaced lie, hostile slander without a grain of truth. The truth is that the Soviet Union not only liberated our country from the yoke of Horthy fascism and German imperialism, but that after the war, when our country lay prostrate, the Soviet Union also stood by its and concluded agreements with us on the basis of full equality, and that it still continues this policy. "There are those who intend to create a conflict between proletarian internationalism and Hungarian patriotism. We Communists are Hungarian patriots . . . we also categorically make it plain that we are not nationalists. ? ? . We therefore condemn those who strive to spread the poison of chauvinism among our youth and who have taken advantage of the democratic freedom assured to working people by our State to carry out a demonstration of a nationalistic character. . . . We are patriots but at the same time we are also proletarian internationalists." "February 1956. It marked the official beginning of the deni- gration of Stalin and encouraged liberalization. 1923 A bulletin stated that the previous announcement of the Central Committee meeting was "erroneous" and that the CC would meet "in a few days." 2122 "Dear listeners, you now hear a special announce- ment: the Politburo . . . called on the Central Commit- tee to meet immediately in order to discuss tie present situation and the tasks to be carried out." 2123 "This afternoon the youth of Budapest marched up to Parliament. In the evening Comrade Lure Nagy addressed the youth. Comrade Imre Nagy is now holding discussions with youth representatives." Radio Budapest, in French to Europe 2300 "This morning, students of all the universities and high schools in Budapest staged a demonstration under the leadership of the Petofi Club of the DISZ, which decided . . . to take responsibility for their [the students'1 action.... A delegate of the Petofi Military Academy also spoke, expressing the sympathy of the Academy students with the following demands: "A Socialist Hungary, truly independent; March 15 an official holiday; Imre Nagy reinstated in his former office; the State established on a new economic basis; new leaders for the Party and government; those responsible for mis- takes held accountable at a public trial.... "At the Polytechnic University, Mihaly Feketc, Deputy Minister of the Interior, announced to the students that the ban on the march had been lifted. He emphasized that the employees and Communists of the Ministry had rallied to the side of honest Hungarians in the interests of a change... Shortly before 1400 hrs. the youth of the universities gathered in front of the Petofi statue in Pest, singing the Kossuth hymn. . . . The demonstrators, in- cluding well-known professors, carried Hungarian and Po- lish flags. At 1400 hrs. Imre Sinkovits, the actor, recited Petofi's poem, `Rise, Hungarian!' He then read the de- mands of the students. Finally, the demonstration marched toward Buda, where it was joined by students of the Poly- technic University, and all gathered before the statue of General Bern".... Nearly 800 officers of the Hungarian People's Army joined the youth and marched in a group. . . . Members of the Petofi Club, with the aid of loud- speakers, thanked those present for their support. . . . Students bearing Hungarian and Polish flags mounted to the foot of the statue and university delegates placed 11 Polish patriot and leader who also fought for Hungarian inde- pendence in the 19th Century. Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 wreaths there. Fifty thousand people sang the National Anthem. . "Peter Vercs, Chairman of the Hungarian Writers' Un- ion, then read the seven-point resolution of the presidium of the Writers' Union, and its demands. It runs as fol- lows: - " `We have arrived at a historic turning point. In this revolutionary situation we shall not be able to acquit our- selves well unless all the Hungarian working people rally as a disciplined group. The leaders of the Party and State have so far failed to present a workable program. The responsibility for this lies with those who, instead of ex- panding Socialist democracy, have obstinately organized themselves and are still organizing in an effort to restore the terrorist regime of Stalin and Rakosi. We Hungarian writers have formulated in seven points the demands of the Hungarian nation. " `1. We demand an independent national policy based on the principles of Socialism. Our relations with all coun- tries, particularly with the USSR and the People's Democ- racies, should be based on the principle of equality. We demand that the conventions and economic agreements made between States be reviewed in the spirit of equality of rights for. the nations involved.- " `2. We demand an end to the [present] policy on na- tional minorities.... `3. We demand a clear disclosure of the country's economic situation.... " `4. Factories should he directed by workers and spe- cialists. The present wage system should be reformed, as should working norms and the disgrace'-ul condition of social benefits, and so forth. Trade unions should truly represent the interests of the Hungarian working class. " `5. Our present agricultural policy should be estab- lished on new foundations, and peasants mould be assured the right of free self-determination.... " `6. . . . The Rakosi clique, seeking restoration, must be removed from our political life. Imre Nagy, the pure and courageous Communist who enjoys the confidence of the Hungarian people and all those who in the part years have fought systematically for Socialist democracy, should be given a suitable post. At the same time, a s e,olute stand must be taken against all counterrevolutionary at- tempts and aspirations. "'7. The development of the situation demands that the Patriotic People's Front1' should assume politica repre- sentation of the working classes of Hungarian snnciety. Our electoral system should correspond to the demands of Socialist democracy. The people should elect. b-' secret ballot, their representatives to parliamert and to all the autonomous organs of our administration. " 'We believe that we are expressing the thought:; of the nation', says the declaration in conclusion," 12 The overall mass organization, led by Communists an- dering their arms before the deadline are promised immunity. Budapest Radio announces that order has been restored in Gyor, Szeged, Komarom an,' Szekesfehervar, but admits fighting still going on in Budapest. The government issues repeated appeals for order; ministers plead with the people to re turn to work, citing food and fuel shortages which endanger the health of the population. Morning Radio Budapest, Home Service 0500 REPETITION of previous day's broadcast appealing to the rebels to lay down their arms. 0900 "Members of the Hungarian Revolutionary Worker- Peasant Government took the oath of office on November 7 in the presence of Istvan Dobi, Chairman of the Presi- dential Council. The Government then . . . passed the following resolutions: "l. . . . all officials of ministries and higher organs of administration ... should report without delay in order to resume work... . "3. . . . All civil servants, including employees of local organs . . . must report for duty by November 10, 1956. Those willfully failing to do so must be regarded as hav- ing voluntarily resigned from their posts and it is forbidden ... to furnish them further pay or allowances.... "4. . . . Revolutionary Committees should remove from their ranks without delay counterrevolutionary elements opposed to the ... People's Republic.... "5? . . . All railway workers should regard it as their patriotic duty to liquidate the present disorderly situa- tion.... "8. . . . The government orders managers of food shops to make provisions within 24 hours for reopening their shops. ..."1 * * * Address by Istvan Dobi, Chairman of the Presidential Council,' to the peasantry: i Other resolutions were: that executive committees of local councils should be responsible for implementing the regime's or- ders; that Dr. Gyorgy Csanady was to be Commissioner for Posts and Transportation ; that a Commission for Public Supplies be ap- pointed; and that schools must open wherever possible. ' Istvan Dobi, a peasant and former member of the Smallhold- ers' Party, was Chairman of the Presidential Council under Rakosi. "Brethren, Hungarian peasants. . . . We must .,pe,t a new page in our history, and it is saddening that we had to liquidate the mistakes, errors and crim, Ls of t hhe 1 ?ast amid the roar of guns . . . and that we have to stt:r a new life in this poor country from ruins. . . T;wrv will be Socialist democracy, legality and a Gvorker-,'eas.tnt rule. . . . The humane, honest, clever Hungarian ;_)eas:tnt way of life will be enforced. . . . It is a goal for whi l I have worked very hard in the past years, o ten in va:r - a goal for which you have suffered so much . G/hf n- let's hope soon---the weapons fall silent . . . a )ove the runs there shall blossom forth a flourishing life oward which " we all aspire. 1000 "... Members of the Army who, on ..ccount of t le exceptional situation, have become separated fron, to jr units or institutions, should . . . stay where i ,ev all * * "The commander of Soviet military units . h:Ls c?r- dered : 1. Arms must be surrendered at on( e, but at t1 to latest by 1600 [GMT] on November 9. Pconve =.ur- rendering arms will not be called to account. .. 2- 't raflic restrictions in Budapest are lifted as of No; ember b ?- tween 0600 and 1800 hours [GMT]. The command l-o calls on factory, communications and public supply servir e workers to resume work. All who hinder th? resurnnt.cn of work will be called to account...." . . The Revolutionary Worker-Peasant GoverinDoi t calls on workers of meat, bakery and dairy in lustr\ ',stal-- lishments in Budapest to resume production . ftd h, sake of providing food.... We appeal to transport ' nt 's - prises to . . . deliver flour from mills to baker cs.. Th?-, Budapest City Council appeals to all drivers . to tivcr:; on the delivery of food. . . . The government also appe:th to provincial food industry enterprises to organize l t u: deliveries of bread, meat, milk, flour, sugar and live an frr,l Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Budapest. . . . All trucks carrying food . . . should be irly labeled with the notice: `Food.' Soviet military its have been given orders to facilitate food deliveries rywhere...." 5 Address by Gyorgy Marosan, Minister of State, workers and peasants : Workers, working peasants, my comrades! -We must see clearly in the present grave situation.... 2 Hungarian Worker-Peasant Government was formed =order to protect the Hungarian working population. r- creation of this government was made necessary be- -se the ravages of the counterrevolutionary elements had be stopped.... In the course of the past years the ad- _turist policy of the Rakosi-Gero clique has caused de- .ied dissatisfaction among the Party membership, the rkers and the broad strata of the people. I, too, have suf- ?d. . . . I suffered innocently in prison for years... . ere can, however, be no personal offense great enough shake my firm loyalty to the cause of Socialism. That is y I firmly oppose all those who are making use of the dis- _sfaction.... Everyone must see clearly that a counter- -olutionary attack was launched against the entire people. . The counterrevolutionary gangs have not been con- ned with the problem of what will become of us in the ster. . . . Repudiate the infamous anti-Soviet slander ich is being spread by counterrevolutionaries. . . . We _st be grateful to our Soviet brothers.... There are al- st two million organized workers in the country... . ey can see to what extent our factories have been demol- 2d during the last two weeks, the same factories and in- atrial plants which were built by our workers.... Every -iest worker must report at his old place of work.... The d weather is here, we must be prepared for the coming -iter. . . . Recently there has been much talk about the ole world watching us. We workers and working peas- -s must know that the whole world's Communist, Social- and Workers' parties are watching us also.... Up and sk! This is what our country's preservation and our ure happiness demand." 'On November 6, 1956, Peiping radio . . . gave an ac- znt of the telegram sent by Comrade Chou-En-Lai, -mier of the Central Chinese People's Government, to mrade Janos Kadar. . . . Comrade Chou-En-Lai greets ... Revolutionary Worker-Peasant Government and ex- --sses his best hopes and good wishes. The Chinese peo- also express their wish to help the Hungarian people :i the . . . government made available 30 million rubles this purpose. The aid will be sent in the form of goods --hin the shortest possible time...." 3dio Gyor (Soviet-Controlled) 35 Appeal by the Red Cross and the University of rs: -`Unarmed representatives of the Red Cross and Uni- -sity ... will proceed this morning to [location unclear] Melyvolgy. We appeal to the fighters of Mecsck to send Janos Kadar a doctor or other medical representative . . . to discuss he transportation of their wounded to a hospital." * * * . . . [Unintelligible passage] If during the two hours allotted they do not leave their hiding places and return home, the Soviet command will annihilate them with heavy artillery and air power. The Soviet Command and . . . forces of public order will . . . first proceed to the sc -ne and appeal to the fighting group to lay down their arms. Everybody will be allowed to go home." [Remainder in- intelligible.] Radio Szombathely 0700 "Kossuth [Budapest] radio announced ... on Tues- day that the provisional Central Committee has started on the reorganization of the [Communist] Party.... This ap- peal ... is a magnificent sign of life.... [The appeal] says that the Party will isolate itself from the mistakes of the Rakosi clique . . . not to deny the achievements of 12 years .. . but to avoid the extremes of both right and left. . . The main task now is the resumption of productive work. 77 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Unidentified Soviet-Controlled Radio 0644 General description of the fighting: resistance groups still fighting all over the country; Soviets starting to liquidate rebels in Szigetvar and Nagykanizsa areas; small resistance groups fighting in Zalaegerszeg; Soviets be- ginning to employ heavy artillery and airplanes in the Pecs area; fighting in Komlo, Bakony area and Matra and Bukk forests; heavy fighting in Budapest, in the Eighth District and Kulsokobanya, Nagyteteny and Budafok; Soviets start- ing to bomb Nagyteteny and Budafok [in Budapest]; rebels firing on the Soviets and the police and army in various small towns; Soviet reprisals causing serious damage to buildings in Cegled, Kiskunhalas, Pecs, Nagykanizsa, Ujsze- ged, Szolnok and Miskolc. Appeal to the population not to aid the rebels, since Soviet reprisals will destroy houses and lives. Radio [Free] Roka 0205 Report that the rebels will not give up, or lay down their arms, and will fight as long as their ammuni- tion lasts. Plea to the Western world for prompt help so that the blood shed so far will not prove in vain. State- ment that Soviets are using inhuman tactics, including incendiary bombs. Radio [Free] Rakoczi 0316 Broadcast interspersed with Morse sit=pals. Airr se.;t unintelligible except for sentence, "1)o not ;rive ut yncr arms!" Radio [Free] Rajk 0800 ". . . Pay no attention to the promises ... t>.r e traitor, Janos Kadar. Do not believe . . . that Kadar s clique will insure sovereignty for Hungary at ,he very- r u - rnent when a foreign army is engaged in mass slaughter in our unfortunate Fatherland, when the lofty to lets of Con.- munism and sovereignty are [trampled under oot?] u 4e e most bloody, most barbarous fashion. Wh_j appoint(l Janos Kadar and his clique as the so-called g?)vernrnent--- the sovereign Hungarian nation, or the foreign occupic r whose troops by the thousands ride over the bodies of the dead in our country? And even if the new Pakosi were truly inclined to carry out his obviously false promise:., what guarantee is there that the Soviet leadership wot l.i give him an opportunity to do so? Not the gcvernnrc s it c -f Janos Kadar, but the leadership of the Soviet is the ab?,c lute master in our homeland, which has again been c.c graded to the status of a colony. . . . Comades, let us preserve the fighting spirit of Marxism-Leninism, let us continue to fight within the framework of our betrayed a.uf outraged Party for the independence of the Sccialist clrrn- garian nation." Thursday; November 8, 1956 -Afternoon Radio Budapest, Home Service 1300 " REPORT from Szeged says that conditions are normal in the city. Work is proceeding in the factories. Streetcars are in normal service. Trains are in service in the area of ... Miskolc. Normal conditions have resumed in Gyor.... In Szekesfehervar the shops are open...." 1315 "The Council of Ministers, at its meeting on No- vember 7, 1956, decided that clothing and footwear de- posited with pawnshops . . . having a total value of less than 500 forint must be given back to the owners . . . without any reimbursement.... What is the issue? Many workers, chiefly in low-pay categories, were compelled dur- ing the summer to pawn their winter coats and other winter clothing, even shoes, because of the failures of the former government...." 1404 "Appeal of the Minister of Finance: I order all enterprises ... to furnish advance payment on account of wage arrears ... to workers who, on the basis of the ... government decree, resume work by November 10. Advance payment must not exceed 50 percent of normal earnings. Those who have . . . carried out their normal work . . . must be paid their ordinary wages...." "Announcement of the Commander of the 1`dationa. 11) lice Force: I order policemen ... to report fo duty 'v it, out delay...." "Peace has not yet been restored to the clpital . . We will not deny that among those bearing arms ilte?c are some who are misled, but the majority want t make trouble or are tools of the counterrevo lutionwirs Yesterday afternoon, for example, a large group of lo?3te-- attacked warehouses at the Western Railroad St ction. hi ol_e into stores and trucks, looted textile and furn ture stares- . . . House committees, house guards, be vigil;tnt anc? sr' that armed groups or individuals do not snea . into your houses to shoot from there and thus endanger your life md the lives of your children. . . . For the sake of the oood supply . . . workers in the food stores should .tart selling from available supplies at 0800 [GMT] on the pint) of November...." 1454 ". . . Comrade Kadar ... visited leaden of the (:ity and County of Szolnok on November 4. . . . ( :ontrarv to former practice, the meeting took place in ay extrernefy cordial and friendly atmosphere. He inquired a out evenrs Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Hungarian rebels guarding the highway near the Hegyeshalom border station on November B. Szolnok and the County. Then he analyzed the circ.um- Snces in which the nationwide uprising took place and results. " `First of all,' Comrade Kadar said, `we must not for- t that the peaceful demonstration of October 23rd made -oper and justified demands of the Party and govern- nt. The replacement of Gero and the removal of the .kosi-Gero clique from leadership met with approval gong Party members and Party supporters. The eco- -mic demands, too, were justified. These ... fit into the gram of the new Worker-Peasant Government. The ?uble began when the counterrevolutionary forces used peaceful demonstration and the uprising of the workers d youth for their own ends.... Hostile elements living the West had been informed ... and arrived en masse Hungary, accompanying the various consignments of 1, as Red Cross personnel, to help the counterrevolution- forces.... Imre Nagy's government tried to eliminate the counterrevolution through political maneuvers and in a peaceful manner, but it achieved diametrically oppo- site results. The policy of procrastination -only helped the counterrevolutionaries. They shouted slogans of indepx nd- ence ... and democracy while they killed innocent people by the hundreds. We, the Communists in Imre Nagy's government, could not let this happen without comae-nt, and left his government on November First.... It wa, in these circumstances that the Hungarian Revolutior ary Worker-Peasant Government requested the commar der of the Soviet troops to help in liquidating the counterrc vo- lutionary forces. . . . The government agrees with the de- mand that Soviet troops leave Hungary as soon as pr ace and order are restored, and it will begin negotiations for this purpose.' " 1530 Speech by Sandor Ronai,8 Minister of Commer -e : 9 Former Social Democrat and National Assembly Chairmat Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 ". . . Who can deny that . . . we have achieved great results? Could we have achieved even better results? Yes, but the unscrupulous, evil policy of Rakosi and his clique, which belittled the people and made a nockr i , 1,? the lofty ideas of Marxism-Leninism ... led to the point .titiere the cup of bitterness overflowed... " Thursday, November 8,1956-Night Radio Budapest, Home Service 1805 APPEAL by the National Federation of Trade Unions : "... For the emergence of this state of affairs grave re- sponsibility rests on Rakosi and his clique.... The Revo- lutionary Worker-Peasant Government deeply condemns the anti-democratic policy pursued for years by Rakosi and his clique, and will oppose every attempt at restoring this sys- tem.... We request industrial trade union branches, fac- tory committees and all organized workers to prepare for the resumption of work everywhere...." 1820 "What happened in the parliament building at the end of last week? "... Instead of men wearing working clothes, men clad in old officers' uniforms taken out of mothballs and men clad in fur-lined coats appeared on the steps of the parlia- ment building. The lobby ... was filled with heel-clicking former landowners, Horthyite army officers and share- holders. First of all, the landlords of apartment houses came. . . . Then came politicians who styled themselves `Smallholders,' and . . . started to argue whether 100 or 200 holds of land should be given back to .. landowners whose lands had been confiscated . . . because they col- laborated with the Fascists. Then former factory owners and shareholders who called themselves Social Democrats put in an appearance and conferred on whether works em- ploying 100 or 150 workers should be denationalized.... Zoltan Tildy himself said that he would have to resign be- cause he could no longer tolerate the support his own party gave the counterrevolutionary forces. . . . This is a sad but true picture . . . . In addition to the white terror which unfolded in Budapest and the provinces, the picture will also throw light on the necessity for creating the Hungarian Worker-Peasant Government...." 1825 "Complete order and peace prevail in Mezotur [Szolnok County]. . . . In the town of Cegled [Pest County] work has been resumed. . . . In Kecskemet [Bacs-Kiskun County] order has been restored.... In Vas County there is complete peace and order. . . . [Railroad] traffic is normal between Szombathely on the one hand and Nagy- kanizsa, Kaposvar, Zalaegerszeg, Gyor and Veszprern on the other.... Bekes County reports that calm and order prevail.... Between Szeged and Bekescsaba two trains run daily in each direction. . . . Workers of Budapest, follow the initiative of Vas County and the other counties; work- ers in the countryside, follow the example of workers in the bakery and food industries. Start work. Children need food, warm homes, window glass, clothing and so forth. We cannot expect everything from abroad... 2015 Appeal by Gyorgy Marosan, Minister of Stat- "Hunger and insecurity are endangering the popul it ion. . We must create peace and order in the heart of our country, in the capital, in Budapest. The government : ails on the population of Budapest. . . The hiding 4 l rrns and armed persons involves severe consequ(nces. All I:on- est patriots who still possess arms ... must ... turn n t ieir arms immediately.... It may be that the )opulatior will have to face famine and danger of death.... Thou ;:wd, of freight cars loaded with goods and constru_tion nc.ouials are standing at our frontiers waiting for he Hungarian railwaymen. . . . For all this, peace and order rnu::t be brought about in . . . Budapest. . . . The government vill take all necessary measures to assure legal order." 2040 Talk entitled: "Those Who Want Socialism vi ust Not Associate with Counterrevolutionaries." Statement that posters signed by resistance groups app( ared in Bu la- pest the previous day, claiming that the s roups ,qtr f ort Socialism and do not want to overthrow the 1'reof,!e's Democracy but that the Kadar governmen- has l.raruted the majority of the people as counterrevotationar.r?s nd Fascists. Denial of these claims. "The first sentence in the Kadar government's ~tpfr='al refers to the noble aims of the mass mo"ement wi ch started on October 23. It also refers to . . the. r i, yes committed by Rakosi and his associates.... It also ,piiks of protecting our national independence and sovereignty. . . . How could it, then, call the majority of the rle-r,'le counterrevolutionaries and Fascists?" Statement that the posters were issued by ecnrents did not want to distinguish between revolc tionari-s 3-td counterrevolutionaries. "Those who issued the posters to not separate themselves from the forces of the cud 1n tr r- revolution. . . . We do not believe that our- magi fin c rit youth are bent on preventing the shaping of a firm rte r:o- cratic regime. We do not believe that the' want to ire yoked to -some sort of Horthyite arbitrariness after t to despotism of the Rakosi-Gero clique. It is therefore o-ir conviction that every true patriot must line t p behi.id t ie Kadar government...." 11. . . The friendly attitude of Soviet solders has al,o enhanced the population's confidence. In some ,)Ots's . . . Soviet soldiers shared their rations with the trerranrs . . , and offered the children warm food. . . It ' t *r e that there are long lines in front of bakeries, )ut . ffot:r is being delivered again.... But not all of t} e new_, fr r;o Budapest is reassuring. The population has nfornrcc. 1 e Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 olice that counterrevolutionary groups have broken into by saying that the Russians will break into the shop:; and -ie Szabadsag stores and taken clothes.... Armed counter- ransack them if they do not do it. Bandits have bi 'ken 2volutionaries attacked the liquor factory in Forgach into the Orion radio factory and stolen 5,000 radio sets, treet.... At Pesthidegkut counterrevolutionaries loot the which were later sold at the football ground in 7nglo lops and try to encourage the population to take part ... [suburb of Budapest].... Friday, November 9, 195 6 Fighting continues, particularly heavily in Csepel and Kulsokobanya, as well as in the 3rd, 6th and 20th Districts of Budapest and in the suburbr. Fighting also reported in Duna- pentele, Kalocsa, Gyor, Pecs and Komlo. Morning adio Budapest, Home Service been given instructions to organize armed worker-gu: rds f th ALL FOOD shops and shops selling manufactured ods, all restaurants, confectioners and espresso bars must -en their premises on November 9 at 0700 [GMT]." 00 "In the Budapest First District the Hungarian So- -list Workers' [Communist] Party organization has been -med. Leadership was prevented from falling into the nds of people compromised in the past years. The or- -rization is functioning on the premises of the former ingarian Workers' [Communist] Party.... 'In Ujpest, one of the armed group centers is in the ... ustrial school. If the population cannot intervene in .e these buildings might also be damaged. We seek the p of sober-minded citizens to prevent that, as well as looting of shops.... Kobanya [working-class section of Budapest] is still ated from the rest of the city on account of counter- Jlutionary activities endangering communications. Some gs settled in bomb shelters and in the Tenth District -er tower, seriously endangering district water supplies. the Eleventh District . . . forces of public order have n reorganized... . Szeged has furnished a typical example of counter- .lutionary activity. Gyula Kovacs, an officer graduated z the Horthyite Ludovika Military Academy and a -icr major in Horthy's army who spent four years in Dn on a charge of anti-democratic behavior, was made xman of the so-called Revolutionary Council in Szeged. A long list was compiled with a view to the execution ommunists and non-Party members, honest persons, Jul to the people. The executions did not take place because the Soviet Army disarmed Gyula Kovacs and ounterrevolutionary associates...." "The Budapest police headquarters concentrates .s activities on the restoration of law and order and on creation of public order and public security. To this :hey have organized so-called `R' special groups, whose is to liquidate all criminal and looting elements and to ct the population from being disturbed. he `R' groups will appear on the streets of Budapest in the next few days. District police headquarters have or e restoration of law and order...." Anna Kethly Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 0835 "Last night everything was quiet in the Hungarian steelware factory. The 25 worker-guards made sure the factory remained intact. There were some armed attacks on the factory but they were repulsed. The factory is ready for the workers to resume work...." structs the house-committees and janitors of }h u to p,st houses to collect the arms, ammunition and exuiori'res found in the houses and to hand them over to the dis r,ct police offices or to policemen carrying ident ty carets.. The house-committees and the janitors wil he noid e- sponsible if arms, ammunition and explos;ves an, la er found on the premises." Friday, November 9, 1956 -Afternoon Radio Budapest, Home Service 1220 "RADIO STATIONS opposing the Hungarian Peo- ple's Republic disseminated news that the Imre Nagy gov- ernment has been arrested. We inform the country that this news is false. Imrc Nagy left the parliament building of his own free will. Several members of the Imrc Nagy govern- ment actively support the Revolutionary Worker-Peasant Government and occupy public office. The other members of the disintegrated Irnrc Nagy government also left parlia- ment of their own free will. The report about the arrest of Cardinal Mindszcnty is also baseless." 1413 "The Hungarian Revolutionary Worker-Peasant Government on November 4 temporarily suspended the reception of Red Cross consignments from Western coun- tries to Hungary . . . motivated by the circumstance that the 30 aircraft which arrived on November 2 and those which followed on November 3, described as carrying medical supplies, were found to contain consignments of arms as well. . . . The government is otherwise grateful to the International Red Cross organization for the dispatch of badly-needed medical supplies. The . . . government accordingly gives its consent at once and with pleasure to the International Red Cross proposal ... to have the con- signment sent to Hungary through Yugoslavia." 1600 A decree by the Commissioner for Public Supplies forbidding the sale of all motor fuels ["such as gasoline, diesel oil and motor oil"] in Budapest. Fuels may be ob- tained only on license of the Commission for Public Sup- plies. All stocks of motor fuel over 100 liters [26 gallons] must be registered with the Commission. 1600 "Nearly 100 restaurants began operating in Buda- pest today, selling a standard warm meal." The Minister of Agriculture appeals to rural organs to "pr 'vent \-., rs ':i rrg of harvested crops...." Unidentified Radio 1545 A report that in Budapest resistance forcez rave renewed emphatic attacks in the suburbs, or,cning tire rn Soviet and Hungarian armed forces from roe Is and burnt- out houses, then hiding in cellars; the Soviet Commarid has given orders that all cellar entrances ano passafreuways be locked and barricaded. Further report,: of large re- sistance groups in the Third, Sixth and T'ventietnn Dis- tricts, and in the Buda Hills. Statement that the situation is particularly se.i_rw in Kulsokobanya and Csepel where the resistan _e groups are being reinforced from rural areas; these reinforcements are arriving in trucks and are bringing food sent on authorisa- tion of rural workers' and peasant council;; the `,ov et Command has therefore ordered that all vehicles approz c p- ing Budapest be thoroughly inspected, with trucks pro- hibited from stopping inside Budapest unless abse Putt ty unavoidable. Further reports: the lines of resistance groips at 1 -una- pentcle have been penetrated, but extremely stro-i7 ie- sistancc continues; Soviet troops have gainer: no advance in the fighting at Kalocsa; in the Gyor area, Soviet trooos are driving resistance fighters toward the herders: -,oviet tanks are attacking resistance forces in the area of Pcc s and the Komlo Forest. Unidentified Free Radio, Location Unknown 1529 "The freedom fighters are already fired but en- thusiasm is greater than ever before. We request ac i:e intervention before it is too late. Please help us save :> ir country." Friday, November 9,1956-Night Radio Budapest, Home Service 1900 " xEsoLUnoly of the Hungarian Revolutionary Worker-Peasant Government ... : "The . . . government assigns from its members Dr. Ferenc Munnich, Deputy Premier, to the control of affairs concerning the armed forces and public sr curit% . Lore Horvath to the control of foreign affairs; Istvan Kossa co the control of finances; Antal Apro to the control of inCL s- trial affairs; Imre Dogei to the control of agricultu;?r' ;u,d Sandor Ronai to the control of commercial affairs. "Signed: Janos Kadar, Premier...." Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 '00 Announcement that the government is assigning mporary liaison officials "to assist the executive commit- s of the county and county borough councils." 100 "The Presidential Council of the People's Republic is decided that until the next session of parliament, at hick the modification of certain sections of the constitu- :)n will take place, the Hungarian Revolutionary Worker- ?asant Government elected by the Presidential Council of .e People's Republic will be the supreme organ of the Peo- e's Republic.... The Hungarian Revolutionary Worker- ?asant Government will itself decide which of its members will control the various branches of the State managern?nt. "The Kossuth crest will be the crest of the Hunga ian People's Republic. "Signed: Istvan Dobi, Chairman of the Preside: tial Council of the People's Republic; Istvan Kristof, Secre arv of the Presidential Council of the People's Republic." Unidentified Free Radio, Location Unknowi 2215 "Send news. In general and in detail. We :ook forward to news! Say something!" Postscript NOVEMBER 9 was the last day of consecutive broadcasting by free radio stations. Subsequently, such broadcasts were heard irregularly. The revolt, however, did not end with the partial silencing of free stations: the workers of Csepel Island, for instance, continued their armed resistance until November 14. Workers throughout the country observed a general strike and either refused to work or engaged in drastic slow-downs. Peasants refused to hand over their produce to the authorities and instead fed resistance forces. Intellectuals continued to voice their opposition wherever and whenever they could. In many localities suited for guerilla warfare, insurgents, reportedly reinforced by Russian deserters, continued to harass Soviet occupation forces. The first Soviet armed intervention in Budapest on October 24 united the over- whelming majority of Hungarians, including most Communists, in defense of the na- tional rebirth. The second Soviet intervention on November 4 crushed the emerging de- mocracy born of this unity, but also reinforced the national desire for independence, free, democratic government, and neutrality. This opposition to the puppet Kadar gov- ernment and its Soviet masters, far from weakening in the presence of Soviet tanks, grew all the more adamant when news spread that mass deportations of young patri- ots to the Soviet Union were taking place. Indirect confirmation of such reprisals was broadcast by the regime-controlled Radio Budapest on November 14: "The resumption of work in Szolnok County has begun in the past few days. Some 40 to 50 percent of the workers are active in factories and enterprises. To some extent railway communications have also started. "According to the latest reports, however, scaled railway cars have carried prisoners eastward from Budapest, and therefore the railwaymen allegedly went on strike again. This information was relayed by telephone to the various factories .nd more and more workers are quitting their jobs." In the following days, despite repeated denials by the Kadar regime and the Soviets, there were many reports - some emanating from escaped victims - of box- cars filled with youngsters rolling through the Hungarian countryside during the night, either directly to the Soviet Union through the border station of Zahony, or northward through Czechoslovakia. Railwaymen and other workers therefore persisted in their strike and railroad lines were blown up. On at least one occasion a desperate attack was launched by the patriots against the Russian guards of a deportation train. The Kadar government has had to depend upon foreign military rule for its sur- vival. Many reports indicate that Kadar has tried repeatedly, though unsuccessfully, to Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 induce popular leaders to join him in buttressing his administration. Faced with th solid opposition, the new regime often has had to discard the fiction of its own viabilit. and independence: on many occasions-as shown by the broadcasts - orders wei issued in the name of the Soviet military forces; in other instances, Kadar was forced to bargain with opposition worker leaders in an endeavor to restore a semblance e order to the country. Toward the end of November the Hungarian people still seemed adamant in thei demand that Soviet troops withdraw from the country completely, and worker repro sentatives who tried to compromise on this basic demand could not influence the ran}. and file to return to work. Another demand of the workers, that Imre Nagy (who ha( taken refuge in the Yugoslav Embassy) be returned to power, was frustrated by the Soviets. On Thursday, November 22, the Yugoslavs stated they had been given it written guarantee by the Kadar regime that, in case Nagy and his party of some fifty othe'. refugees chose to leave the protection of the Yugoslav Embassy, they would be allowec to return to their homes unmolested. The following day the Kadar regime announcec that Nagy had decided to leave for another "People's Democracy"-Romania--of hi, own free will. Reports from Hungary indicated that the workers did not believe thi, version of the events, felt incensed over the brutal abduction and continued to insist that Nagy return to the government. The following are excerpts from a broadcast by Radio [Free] Rajk, located some- where in Hungary, November 10: Everybody knows that people who gave up their arms with peaceful inten- tions have been shot dead, hanged, or imprisoned. It would have been more decent ii the occupying power had forbidden the soldiers of the Russian Army to shoot irrespon- sibly and to loot, a thing unknown in Hungary before the Russian soldiers started it. "Comrades, now you can see, you can see from the official `confession' of the Janos Kadar gang that it is impossible for any kind of `proconsul,' even if called a govern- ment, to serve the interests of the Hungarian nation under Russian imperialism. There is only one course -- to shake off the Russian terror regime or die. "We, Hungarian Communists, the faithful followers of [Rajk?] will do our utmost to shake off the Russian yoke. ..." Excerpts from a broadcast by Radio [Free] Rajk, November 11: " . This base treason has unmasked Janos Kadar not only before the nation but also before the whole world. We hope that the free nations of the world will give Kadar the same reply we Hungarian Communists gave him - namely, that we do not recognize him as the head of the government, and we cannot recognize his so-called government. "Comrades, both Kossa and Kadar still have the impertinence to talk about Hun- garian sovereignty. How and when did the sovereign Hungarian nation appoint Ka- dar head of the government? By what right has he the audacity to pose as the leader of the government in these bloodstained days of foreign occupation? . . . "No organization of our Communist Party, [however] camouflaged by various pseudonyms, ever elected Kadar or his accomplices to take over the government of the nation. They could not have done so even if they had been authorized by the Hun- garian people, or the Hungarian Communist Party, because it is not they but Russian terror that rules the country.... "We request, and indeed expect, the free nations of the world to assert what moral influence they can through the press in the interest of the downtrodden Hungarian people. If UN observers were sent to Hungary it would be disagreeable, not (only?] to Janos Kadar, but to his Soviet masters." Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Appendix I: Government constituted on October 27: President of the Council Deputy Presidents Imre Nagy Antal Apro Jozscf Bognar Ferenc Erdei [Communist] [Communist] [former member, Smallholders' Par y] [former member, National Peasant I'artv] Minister of State Control State Farms State Mining and Power Ingathering Internal Trade Interior Health Food Construction Agriculture Defense Justice Metallurgy and Machine Industry Light Industry Communications and Post Foreign Minister Foreign Trade People's Culture Education Finance Urban and Rural Development Chemical Industry Central Planning Board Not yet designated Miklos Ribianszky Zoltan Tildy Sandor Czottncr Antal Gyencs Sandor Tausz Fcrcnc Munnich Antal Babits Rezso Nyers Antal Apro Bela Kovacs Karoly Janza Eric Molnar Janos Csergo Mrs. Jozsef Nagy Lajos Bebrits Imre Horvath Jozsef Bognar Gyorgy Lukacs Albert Konya Istvan Kossa Ferenc Nezval Gergely Szabo Arpad Kiss [former member, Smallholders' Par y] [former member, Smallholders' Pay y; former President of the Republic] [Communist] [Communist] [Communist] [Communist] [Univ. Prof., Communist] [former Soc. Dem. Party, Communi t] [Communist] [former member, Smallholders' Parts'] [Communist] [Communist] [Communist] [Communist] [Communist] [Communist] [former member, Smallholders' Parr ?, ] [Univ. Prof., Communist] [Communist] [Communist] [Communist] [Communist] [Communist] -Government constituted on October 30: Premier and Foreign Minister Minister of State Imre Nagy Janos Kadar Geza Losonczy Bela Kovacs Zoltan Tildy Ferenc Erdei [Communist] [Communist] [Communist] [Smallholder] [Smallholder] [Peasant Party] government constituted on November 3: Premier and Foreign Minister Minister of State Imre Nagy Zoltan Tildy Bela Kovacs Istvan B. Szabo Anna Kethly Gyula Kelemen Jozsef Fischer Istvan Bibo [Communist] [Smallholder] [Smallholder] [Smallholder] [Social Democrat] [Social Democrat] [Social Democrat] [Pctofi Peasant] Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R001000010035-4 Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 Government constituted on November 4: Ferenc Farkas Geza Losonczy Janos Kadar Pal Maleter [Petofi Peasan [Communist] [Communist] [Independent] Premier [Communist] Deputy Premier Minister of Armed Forces & Public Security Ferenc Munnich [Communist] Minister of State Gyorgy Marosan [Communist] Minister of Finance Istvan Kossa [Communist] Foreign Minister Imre Horvath [Communist] Minister of Industry Antal Apro [Communist] Minister of Agriculture Imre Dogei [Communist] Minister of Commerce Sandor Ronai [Communist] Appendix II: Radio Stations During the Revolt The following official Hungarian radio stations became "Free Radios" during the course of the revolt: Budapest (Radio Kossuth) became Radio Free Kossuth after October 30. Debrecen, Dunapentele, Eger, Gyor, Kaposvar, Miskolc, Nyiregyhaza, Pecs, and Szombathely also operated as "Free Radios." There were four free stations whose location could not be definitely established : Csokonay, Rakoczi, Roka and Rajk. Finally, there were amateur and military shortwave sets which broadcast at one time or another during the fighting. Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80BO1676R001000010035-4 c flJ ? ? a0 .1 1 a0 13 CL U) -)e LU ?Q a N I ? ? c!- - AP S ~. '6 Q z ?-~ t W & ,D 0 ~~ ch M.. o a L. aE Ic f- d o~f --~~? W 41 N 2 1~?~ h .a d 1 0 Fwd T N Us c WIQ C' 1, N ~' / 1 O Approved For Release 2006/12/08: CIA-RDP80B01676R001000010035-4 W ' W d D 7- 0 3. Approved el*- 35-4