SPY IN THE U.S. BY PAWEL MONAT WITH JOHN DILLE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 86
• Document Creation Date: December 21, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 5, 2009
• Sequence Number: 13
• Content Type: BOOK

 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
5 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- to on 13 x 25 Baskerville
After this speech, General Bordzitowski rolled the map up along
the wall and motioned for me to follow hint into a small sitting
room which adjoined his office. Inside, on a small table near the
window, two empty glasses and a decanter of white wine waited for
us. The general filled our glasses, clinked his to mine and proposed
a toast.
"I wish you every success," he said. "And I will be awaiting your
reports. Remember, we will back you in whatever you do. And re-
member this. too-be careful."
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80BO1676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
" spy IN THE U.S. 7!8- (n on t x ag Baekerville
reconnaissance On foot. At live that afternoon we met to turn in our
car and take a night train back to Washington. While I paid for the
car \Vi~niewski went to the station to pick up our tickets and reserve
two roomettes. The FBI apparently saw him, for when I got to the
station at (rain time to join him, the Pullman conductor had bad
news for us.
"I am sorry, gentlemen,he said, "but there has been a mistake.
four space was reserved for passengers who will be getting on later.
\Ve will have to move you to berths in another car."
I did not like the sound of this maneuver, and I protested.
"\Ve have paid for these rooms," I said, "and we have the tickets.
1'ou will have to Put the other people somewhere else."
"I can't do that," the conductor said. "I'm sorry, but you will have
to move."
" \Ve will not move," I said.
\?Vi~niewski and I got on the (rain and went straight to our room-
ettes. The train pulled out, and in a few minutes the conductor
came by.
"I still have to move you gentlemen," he said, a little sternly this
time.
"Move the other people who are not on the train yet," I said.
The conductor shrugged his shoulders and left. He went to the
car ahead of us and, through the passageway. I could see him talking
to two strangers. One of them shook his head and motioned for the
conductor to come back and take us to their car.
Now I knew what was going on, and 1 was very angry. The FBI
men who had to follow us to Washington had not been able to get
space in our car at the last minute. So they were asking the con-
ductor to move us to their car where they could watch us more easily.
I was determined not to accommodate them.
The conductor came by again. This time he looked desperate, and
I felt rather sorry for him. But I did not like to be pushed around
just to make it easy for the FBI. It was the principle of the thing.
\Ve had a right to ride wherever we wanted to. I asked the conductor
for his name, this time, and wrote it down in my notebook. Then
I told hint I would write a full report on the incident to the Pullman
company aml ask for our money hack.
"If we have to move," I said, "we will move to the coaches."
The conductor sighed, but he said nothing. He punched our
tickets and went away. Wi~niewski and 1 locked ourselves in our
roomettes.
An hoar or so later I went to the diner for supper-leaving
\Visniewski behind to guard our accommodations so no one could
search them. As I walked down the aisle I glanced through the open
door of another compartment in our car and saw our friends seated
inside with their eyes fixed on the corridor. It was the FBI that had
had to move. The mountain had come to Mohammed.
It was an exhausting game, pitting wits and legs against the FBI's
troops. And though I felt no friendship for them-and they none for
inc. certainly- I sontetIines tried to lighten the day for all of us with
a little friendly conversation. Once, in New York, when I had been
racing.al I over Central Park for hours trying to lose the FBI on the
winding trails, at the crowded zoo and even in the cavernous halls
of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, we were all so hot an(l tired
that I stopped for a moment at a water fountain. One of the FBI
men took advantage of the recess to sit down on a bench and rest
his feet. There was no one else on the bench so 1 went over and sat
down next to him.
"It's a very hot day, isn't it I asked.
?{y friend was not in the mood to be friendly. He stared straight
ahead, like one of those imperturbable guards at Buckingham Palace,
and did not answer me. He was under orders, I suppose, not to get
familiar with his quarry on the hunt. Or perhaps he was so fed up
with me by now that he (lid not trust his tongue. After a few minutes
we both got up and went on with the race. The FBI men won the
prize that clay; I never did lose them. I did try to make it pleasant
for them that evening, however. I let them folloly me to the Latin
Quarter, an opulent night club where I think we all had a wonderful
time. At least I liked the show very much. And the FBI men, who
sat at an adjoining table, seentetl to enjoy themselves, too. But I
never again saw the man whom I had spoken to on the bench. The
fact that I hacl singled him out apparently ended his usefulness on
the Monat posse. I dicl hope he was transferred to more pleasant
duty.
In Penn Station one evening, as I was waiting to board a train
from New York to Washington, I saw three FBI men standing a few
feet away from me. They were obviously impatient to see me off and
get rid of nte. One of them had been my special enemy that clay.
Every time I thought I was about to get away from him-in a Times
Square restaurant, on a subway train or in an office elevator-he had
been right on top of me. The race took us all over the city and it
lasted for about eight hours. Even though my friend won, I was
sure that by now he was sick of the very sight of me.
He looked it, too. He was a tall, good-looking man with a youthful,
athlete's face, bright eyes, a crew cut and a well-tailored suit. He
could easily have passed as the young headmaster of a fashionable
prep school or the junior partner in a leading New York law firm.
I could tell from his manner that he had nothing but contempt for
me. His eyes glanced just past or just over my head whenever he had
to look in my direction. And as he stood there, calmly smoking a
cigarette, a look of real disdain crossed his face. He seemed like a
very good man-to have on your side, not against you.
Partly out of boredom and pettiness-and partly out of profes-
sional admiration for the man-I deci(lecl to speak to him.
"Pardon me," I said, turning to face him, "but haven't I seen you
somewhere today
"No, I'm afralid not," he said, glancing down at me very quickly.
" flut I'm sure I saw you in Times Square," I said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
3 } SPY IN THE U.S. -718- to on i 3 x 25 Baskerville
"I was not. in. Times Square," he answered.
"Perhaps it was on the Seventh Avenue subway("
"i do riot ride the Seventh Avenue subway."
"That is very odd," I said. "i hardly ever mistake a face."
My friend said nothing but kept pulling on his cigarette. He almost
blew the smoke in my direction, but he thought better of it and
turned away just in time.
"Are you going to Washington I asked him.
"No," he said, "I am waiting for my mother-in-law."
Then he dropped his cigarette on the cement floor and ground it
out with a.stomping motion of his loot. I could see that he was
extremely uncomfortable and wished only 'that I would go aboard
the train and get out of his sight.. I decided to tease him once more.
"Perhaps you have not seen me before," I said, "because I am not
from New York. You see, i am the Polish military attache. I live in
Washington."
Now he looked straight at me.
"So you are the Polish military attache," he said. "Well, I am the
monkey keeper at the Bronx Zoo."
I never saw that agent again, either.
AMERICANS TALK TOO MUCH
"It was lucky for me that not all of the Americans I met were as
close-mouthed as the FBI. if they had been, I would never have been
able to send as many secrets to Warsaw as I did. Soon after my
arrival-and much to n-y aniazentent-i discovered that the U.S. is
not a cliflicult country to spy on at. all. For one thing, it is rather
ingenuous about keeping its secrets. It places armed guards and
barbed wire around a new defense installation; but it also allows
the contractor who built the place to print pictures of it in his
publicity releases and in his advertising. It puts most of its Grade-A
military eggs-the top generals and admirals and staff planners-
into one basket-the Pentagon-but then it allows almost anyone,
including Communist intelligence officers, to go prowling through
the basket almost at will, searching for cracked shells and broken
secrets/But one of the weakest links in the nation's security is a
national trait which is also, ironically enough, one of the country's
best and nwst charming assets-the yearning friendliness of her
people.
No simple characterization ever fits an entire population. But I
have found-in general-that Americans are a likable people, a
friendly people and a generous people. The only trouble with them
on this score is that. they also seem to crave public recognition and
appreciation for being likable, friendly and generous. Perhaps this
is because they are self-conscious about being the world's nouveau
riche and want to make up for their good luck and their comforts
with organized kindliness. Or perhaps it is because America is such
a melting pot of foreign 1)1.00(1 and fluid social classes that everyone
is ashamed-or afraid-not to slat) the stranger 011 the hack, and
tell him far more than the time of clay which he has asked for.
i ant alrai(l it is not. loi me-so recently a Communist-to fully
un(lerstan(1 the U.S. or to judge its way of life. But whatever the
reasons at?e, I found it a delightful country in which to carry out
es)ionage. And soon after I got here I discovered an approach which
I finally deci(le(I could be formulated into a basic principle for
getting along with Americans. At least, it stood me in good stead.
The principle is this: if a strange foreigner tells an American often
enough and lu?mly enough that he, the American, is a very nice and
friendly person and that the U.S. is truly a magnificent country, the
foreigner is almost sure to be accepted-and almost innnediately-
as a good and trusted friend. Shakespeare warned against this sort
of instant friendship in his eloquent advice from Polonius to Laertes.
An(1 the I'taucl squad of any police dlepartnent could give similar
warnings. But the Americans have not listened. They are too busy
wanting to be liked and admired. Even with a Polish accent, I was
able to 1111(1 one lmerican after another who seemed impelled-
usually after a chink or two-to tell Ine things he might never have
told his own wife.
One evening, in the winter of td.,6, Captain \Visniewski and I
boarded a train in \Vashington for Chicago. The FBI had seen us
off at the station. But apparently it trusted its this time not to get
off en route, so none of otn? I`riends came along for the ride. \VM-
niewski and i shared a Pullman compartment, and while he stowed
away our luggage I stood in the corridor watching the train pull out..
I noticed a tall, distinguished-looking gentleman with glasses and
thinning gray hair standing next to me, also looking out the window.
As i turned towards him we nodded and smiled to each other.
"It looks like a pleasant journey," he said.
"I hope so," I answered. "i hope we are oti time."
"Oh, we will be," he said. "The B & O is pretty good about that."
''Do you travel very much i asked him.
"Yes, I'm afraid so," he sighed. "On the go most of the time.
Busy, busy, busy."
'''el I,'' I said, "you have a very beautiful country to travel in.
It is very nice this time of year."
"Yes, it is," my companion said. "Beautiful." We both looked out
the window again.
"i noticed your accent," he said, looking back at me. "Where are
you from, if I may ask?''
"Oh, you may ask," I said. "I'm originally from Poland. But now
I live here in \Vashington."
"I see," he said. "And what do you do
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3 } SPY IN THE U.S. -718- to on i 3 x 25 Baskerville
"I was not. in. Times Square," he answered.
"Perhaps it was on the Seventh Avenue subway("
"i do riot ride the Seventh Avenue subway."
"That is very odd," I said. "i hardly ever mistake a face."
My friend said nothing but kept pulling on his cigarette. He almost
blew the smoke in my direction, but he thought better of it and
turned away just in time.
"Are you going to Washington I asked him.
"No," he said, "I am waiting for my mother-in-law."
Then he dropped his cigarette on the cement floor and ground it
out with a.stomping motion of his loot. I could see that he was
extremely uncomfortable and wished only 'that I would go aboard
the train and get out of his sight.. I decided to tease him once more.
"Perhaps you have not seen me before," I said, "because I am not
from New York. You see, i am the Polish military attache. I live in
Washington."
Now he looked straight at me.
"So you are the Polish military attache," he said. "Well, I am the
monkey keeper at the Bronx Zoo."
I never saw that agent again, either.
AMERICANS TALK TOO MUCH
"It was lucky for me that not all of the Americans I met were as
close-mouthed as the FBI. if they had been, I would never have been
able to send as many secrets to Warsaw as I did. Soon after my
arrival-and much to n-y aniazentent-i discovered that the U.S. is
not a cliflicult country to spy on at. all. For one thing, it is rather
ingenuous about keeping its secrets. It places armed guards and
barbed wire around a new defense installation; but it also allows
the contractor who built the place to print pictures of it in his
publicity releases and in his advertising. It puts most of its Grade-A
military eggs-the top generals and admirals and staff planners-
into one basket-the Pentagon-but then it allows almost anyone,
including Communist intelligence officers, to go prowling through
the basket almost at will, searching for cracked shells and broken
secrets/But one of the weakest links in the nation's security is a
national trait which is also, ironically enough, one of the country's
best and nwst charming assets-the yearning friendliness of her
people.
No simple characterization ever fits an entire population. But I
have found-in general-that Americans are a likable people, a
friendly people and a generous people. The only trouble with them
on this score is that. they also seem to crave public recognition and
appreciation for being likable, friendly and generous. Perhaps this
is because they are self-conscious about being the world's nouveau
riche and want to make up for their good luck and their comforts
with organized kindliness. Or perhaps it is because America is such
a melting pot of foreign 1)1.00(1 and fluid social classes that everyone
is ashamed-or afraid-not to slat) the stranger 011 the hack, and
tell him far more than the time of clay which he has asked for.
i ant alrai(l it is not. loi me-so recently a Communist-to fully
un(lerstan(1 the U.S. or to judge its way of life. But whatever the
reasons at?e, I found it a delightful country in which to carry out
es)ionage. And soon after I got here I discovered an approach which
I finally deci(le(I could be formulated into a basic principle for
getting along with Americans. At least, it stood me in good stead.
The principle is this: if a strange foreigner tells an American often
enough and lu?mly enough that he, the American, is a very nice and
friendly person and that the U.S. is truly a magnificent country, the
foreigner is almost sure to be accepted-and almost innnediately-
as a good and trusted friend. Shakespeare warned against this sort
of instant friendship in his eloquent advice from Polonius to Laertes.
An(1 the I'taucl squad of any police dlepartnent could give similar
warnings. But the Americans have not listened. They are too busy
wanting to be liked and admired. Even with a Polish accent, I was
able to 1111(1 one lmerican after another who seemed impelled-
usually after a chink or two-to tell Ine things he might never have
told his own wife.
One evening, in the winter of td.,6, Captain \Visniewski and I
boarded a train in \Vashington for Chicago. The FBI had seen us
off at the station. But apparently it trusted its this time not to get
off en route, so none of otn? I`riends came along for the ride. \VM-
niewski and i shared a Pullman compartment, and while he stowed
away our luggage I stood in the corridor watching the train pull out..
I noticed a tall, distinguished-looking gentleman with glasses and
thinning gray hair standing next to me, also looking out the window.
As i turned towards him we nodded and smiled to each other.
"It looks like a pleasant journey," he said.
"I hope so," I answered. "i hope we are oti time."
"Oh, we will be," he said. "The B & O is pretty good about that."
''Do you travel very much i asked him.
"Yes, I'm afraid so," he sighed. "On the go most of the time.
Busy, busy, busy."
'''el I,'' I said, "you have a very beautiful country to travel in.
It is very nice this time of year."
"Yes, it is," my companion said. "Beautiful." We both looked out
the window again.
"i noticed your accent," he said, looking back at me. "Where are
you from, if I may ask?''
"Oh, you may ask," I said. "I'm originally from Poland. But now
I live here in \Vashington."
"I see," he said. "And what do you do
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"I was not. in. Times Square," he answered.
"Perhaps it was on the Seventh Avenue subway("
"i do riot ride the Seventh Avenue subway."
"That is very odd," I said. "i hardly ever mistake a face."
My friend said nothing but kept pulling on his cigarette. He almost
blew the smoke in my direction, but he thought better of it and
turned away just in time.
"Are you going to Washington I asked him.
"No," he said, "I am waiting for my mother-in-law."
Then he dropped his cigarette on the cement floor and ground it
out with a.stomping motion of his loot. I could see that he was
extremely uncomfortable and wished only 'that I would go aboard
the train and get out of his sight.. I decided to tease him once more.
"Perhaps you have not seen me before," I said, "because I am not
from New York. You see, i am the Polish military attache. I live in
Washington."
Now he looked straight at me.
"So you are the Polish military attache," he said. "Well, I am the
monkey keeper at the Bronx Zoo."
I never saw that agent again, either.
AMERICANS TALK TOO MUCH
"It was lucky for me that not all of the Americans I met were as
close-mouthed as the FBI. if they had been, I would never have been
able to send as many secrets to Warsaw as I did. Soon after my
arrival-and much to n-y aniazentent-i discovered that the U.S. is
not a cliflicult country to spy on at. all. For one thing, it is rather
ingenuous about keeping its secrets. It places armed guards and
barbed wire around a new defense installation; but it also allows
the contractor who built the place to print pictures of it in his
publicity releases and in his advertising. It puts most of its Grade-A
military eggs-the top generals and admirals and staff planners-
into one basket-the Pentagon-but then it allows almost anyone,
including Communist intelligence officers, to go prowling through
the basket almost at will, searching for cracked shells and broken
secrets/But one of the weakest links in the nation's security is a
national trait which is also, ironically enough, one of the country's
best and nwst charming assets-the yearning friendliness of her
people.
No simple characterization ever fits an entire population. But I
have found-in general-that Americans are a likable people, a
friendly people and a generous people. The only trouble with them
on this score is that. they also seem to crave public recognition and
appreciation for being likable, friendly and generous. Perhaps this
is because they are self-conscious about being the world's nouveau
riche and want to make up for their good luck and their comforts
with organized kindliness. Or perhaps it is because America is such
a melting pot of foreign 1)1.00(1 and fluid social classes that everyone
is ashamed-or afraid-not to slat) the stranger 011 the hack, and
tell him far more than the time of clay which he has asked for.
i ant alrai(l it is not. loi me-so recently a Communist-to fully
un(lerstan(1 the U.S. or to judge its way of life. But whatever the
reasons at?e, I found it a delightful country in which to carry out
es)ionage. And soon after I got here I discovered an approach which
I finally deci(le(I could be formulated into a basic principle for
getting along with Americans. At least, it stood me in good stead.
The principle is this: if a strange foreigner tells an American often
enough and lu?mly enough that he, the American, is a very nice and
friendly person and that the U.S. is truly a magnificent country, the
foreigner is almost sure to be accepted-and almost innnediately-
as a good and trusted friend. Shakespeare warned against this sort
of instant friendship in his eloquent advice from Polonius to Laertes.
An(1 the I'taucl squad of any police dlepartnent could give similar
warnings. But the Americans have not listened. They are too busy
wanting to be liked and admired. Even with a Polish accent, I was
able to 1111(1 one lmerican after another who seemed impelled-
usually after a chink or two-to tell Ine things he might never have
told his own wife.
One evening, in the winter of td.,6, Captain \Visniewski and I
boarded a train in \Vashington for Chicago. The FBI had seen us
off at the station. But apparently it trusted its this time not to get
off en route, so none of otn? I`riends came along for the ride. \VM-
niewski and i shared a Pullman compartment, and while he stowed
away our luggage I stood in the corridor watching the train pull out..
I noticed a tall, distinguished-looking gentleman with glasses and
thinning gray hair standing next to me, also looking out the window.
As i turned towards him we nodded and smiled to each other.
"It looks like a pleasant journey," he said.
"I hope so," I answered. "i hope we are oti time."
"Oh, we will be," he said. "The B & O is pretty good about that."
''Do you travel very much i asked him.
"Yes, I'm afraid so," he sighed. "On the go most of the time.
Busy, busy, busy."
'''el I,'' I said, "you have a very beautiful country to travel in.
It is very nice this time of year."
"Yes, it is," my companion said. "Beautiful." We both looked out
the window again.
"i noticed your accent," he said, looking back at me. "Where are
you from, if I may ask?''
"Oh, you may ask," I said. "I'm originally from Poland. But now
I live here in \Vashington."
"I see," he said. "And what do you do
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'i7 SP\' I!\ ''I' tt.ti. --i l~ - 10 011 u,; x s`i I%askcrvillc
sc:tndalu-is..\nd the boor man's \yilc. tile's always calling hilt up to
tell hits she's out of bourbon, (H the children won't lcha\c. ()I the
(':n? won't stall 1(r sontcthing. I think romltanics ought to hire their
executiycs by the \\'ives they've gut. \1(u know What I mean? (-;heck
Up 1(a them to make sure the I u1ics don't. drink too Iltuch or von(
badger their husbands when the) Ie working. 1 don't think I'd act
like that if I \\ere married.'
.This was all gossip and much of it was Probably not II?ne. But
Lucille Wanted to get iI ofl her chest and she was happy I0 have
someone like me to listen to it. factory gossip, however, was not her
only subject. She had quite a fe\\ la('IS at her fingertips. .\t least
tilt')' sounded like facts. :\nd by souuc judicious ctucstiouing-and
even more judicious listening-1 \\ is able to keep the talk flowing.
Lucille as familiar witl Nlaitiii s go\ern11tent contracts-some of
which 1 did not k-m\\ about. To Illy surprise. she knew the status of
\vions design models. She knew sentc 0f the production figures.
:\nd she understood sonic of the technical problems \yl\ich M:11?tin
engineers were trying to solve. Several times during the evening I
('0111(1 only ask myself, "l-l ' \\i II I ever rcntentber all thisp..
Lucille as s0 eager to talk, in fact, that \\'C hoth haul to go hack
for seconds. ]'hen \\e \\'ent back for dessert, r\tul finally I \ydnt hack
to refill our coffee caps..\fter \ve finished dinner Lucille and I Went
for a short walk.
"Gee." she said. \vhen \\c got out into the fresh air, "I'm sorry I
kept heading your ear. \\'ou't you It'll inc something about your-
srIJP"
\Tell, there isn't nun h Io tell," 1 said. "I'tni in lntsiness-hut
nothing like yours. I live in \\'ashingtoa. 1 could here now anal then
to l uulle a cleal.:\nd now I have to go hack."
"\\'cll." Lucille said, "it :rare nice talking to you. I hope you didn't
ntin(l. 1 cat in that place quite often, ly the \vay-il you happen to
he hack iu town some evening."
"That \'ould be \erv nice." I said. "I may join you again.'
I really intended to. Lucille \vas a nice girl, attr:utivc and intelli-
gcnt..iiol I \\'as stnpri,ed that she as not aheady married. r\s soon
as I got hack to \\'asltington I Went to the ollice :111(1 called a long
report to \\' it'sa\', clcscrihing Illy meeting With the lady ft'om Martin
:nx1 proposing that I meet her again. \\'a'sa\v \vas uptick to react.
The next clay I got a cahlc saying, "Ueliii itely no. Front the per-
specti\c of \\'arsa\v, \vhcre \vo u1 en play a rather dillercnt role in
life. I.ucille scented too good, too co-operative, too talkative aIx1
much too kao\vlcdgealle lot :( mere secretary. %-s suspecte(I she had
been planted by the Ilil to tap rue. I sent a fe\v Inure cables trying
to convince my losses that they Were Wrong. hilt they insisted that
I drop her.:\ncl I had to follow orders. I never saw Lucille again.
I \vas returning to \\'ashington from \e\\? York by naiii one
evening \vhen a young :\rnty lieutenant ('ante aboard at Trenton,
\c\\? Jersey, and sat (1o\vn in the scat beside me. 1 could tell front his
insignia that he was an ordnance officer. \\'e did not speak at first.
The lieutenant leafed through a niagacine while I gaged oat of my
\r?indo\\ and Watched his rellectiou in it for sonic sign of an ripening.
Finally, when he seemed lured with his reading, 1 hrought out my
cigarette case-Which I carried only as a prop, to help start con\'ersa-
tions-and stuck a cigarette in my iuouth. I offered 0ac to the
lieutenant. I-Ic said he \vas trying to quit, but 1\e accepted one and
I gave him a light.
"1'nt going to \V:ishington," I said. ' how far arc you going?"
"Aberdeen," lie answered.
"Oh, the ordnance proving grouauls," I said. I knew that this teas
one of the most highly classified posts in the U.S. and that it tested
ne\v \yeapons and equipment for the II.S.:\rmy. I t- iecl not to het ray
too much interest, but 1 soon dis(overccl I did not have to worry.
The lieutenant was ready atul pilling to tell mite all about it.
"You must have a very interesting joh." I s:ticl, "For stub a young
officer."
"It sure is," he answered. "\Ve're on a fascinating project right
now-We're trying to figure out the hest angle to tnottnt arnica- on a
new tank. \'o1( know, so the shells won't penetrate it but will bounce
oil."
"Is that so?'' I exclaimed.
"Right now we think it goes on about like this," the lieutenant
said, holding his hands up tri show nue the angle.
"You've probably heard about the new Nt-1rifle and the i\4-Go
machine gun," he said, after we had loth milled on our cigarettes
for a moment.
"Very little," 1 said, speaking frankly.
\ tell," he said, 'that little \i--.} is really terrific. We think that
baby's going to give its a firepower of 7r,o rounds a minute. That's
faster, you know, than some of our machine gums.'
"I didn't know that," I said. And 1 really didn't.
I kept nodding my head or exclaititing over facts for the?next hour
until the train stopped at Aberdeen, Maryland, anti the lieutenant
shook my hand anul got off. I spent the next hour-until the fain
pulled into Washington-scribbling down notes of everything he had
said. The next clay 1 discussed them with one of my assistants, who
was an expert on ordnance. He knew most of the facts the lieutenant
had given me, but some of the details were new to hint. I checked
these with the Soviet military attache and they were news to hint,
too. It was a profitable cigarette.
In May, 197, i , when the U.S. Was celebrating Armed Forces Day
at military bases all over the country, 1 deciclecl to send Captain
Edward Gordon to Fort Bragg, North Carolina, to take a good look
at the fiend Air-borne Division, which we knew was putting on a
big show for the public that day-including a demonstration para-
chute jump. Gordot\ sneaked away from Washington without an
FBI escort and arrived in Fayetteville on the day of the demonstra
tion. He was standing on a corner waiting for a cab when a cAr
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;8 SPY IN THE U.S. -i.18- io on u~ x 2 Baskerville
pulled up and a middle-agccl couple asked him where he was headed.
Gordon told them he was going to Fort Bragg to see the show. The
old couple told him to jump in-they were going there, too.
The man in the car-a Mr. li-asked Gordon where he was from,
and Gordon told him he had just arrived from Washington.
"From your accent," Mr. B said, "I'd guess you work for one of the
~mbassics there."
"Why, yes," Gordon admitted, "the Polish embassy."
"And how do you like the United States?" Mr. B asked.
"i think it is wonderful, very beautiful," Gordon said. "The people
in Washington are very nice, very friendly."
"Well," Mr. B said, looking around at Gordon in the back seat,
"the people here in North Carolina are a lot friendlier than the
people there in Washington. Just you wait and see."
Gordon sat hack in the car, thinking that this was too funny to be
true. He was not in uniform, so Mr. and Mrs. B could not guess that
he was a military man. But even if they had, it would not have made
much difference. Mr. and Mrs. B did not seem to think it was at all
unusual for a Pole to be running around loose at a U.S, military
demonstration. If Gordon (lid not belong there, they seemed to
assume, somebody would have stopped him.
"You know," Mr. B said, "you really are lucky that I picked you
up. I know this outfit as well as anybody around here. If there's
anything you want to know about it, just ask me."
Mrs. B explained that her husband did a good deal of business
with the Army people in town and that they were both devoted fans
of the division.
"They always give us VIP treatment at these shows," she said,
"and we never miss one of them. 1 guess you'd say we've sort of
adopted each other-the 82nd and Mr. and Mrs. B."
Mr. B was right about Gordon's luck. He had a special sticker
fastened to his windshield which allowed him to park close to the
grandstand. And every soldier in the area seemed to know him. A
sergeant. saw that he got a choice spot for his car. And while Mrs. B
went off to join some lady Friends-mostly Army wives-her husband
took Gordon into an enclosed area where he had a fine vantage point
for watching the jump. Gordon had brought along both a movie
camera and a still camera, and when the show started Mr. B oblig-
ingly olierecl to operate one camera while Gordon was busy with the
other. He also kept up a running commentary on the demonstration.
He seemed to know a good deal about the division's parachute tac-
tics and combat organization. Whenever an officer he knew came by,
Mr. B stopped him and asked him to explain his job to Gordon.
Gordon picked up at least one new fact from each officer he met.
One of them told Gordon about a special training course he had
helped devise to teach the paratroopers guerrilla tactics. This man
alone was worth Gordon's trip, for a few weeks after Gordon re-
turned to Washington we got a cable from 2-2 querying us on the
same subject.
Mr. B never did tell his Army friends where Gordon was from. It
never occurred to him, apparently, that this was important. Perhaps
he did not know where Poland was or that it belonged to the Com-
munist bloc. Mr. B was a very kind man and an extremely patriotic
American. The 82nd Air-borne was the salt of the U.S. to him, and
the U.S. was the salt of the world. But Mr. B was also a kindly old
fool.
In 1g56 I sent two of my best assistants-Majors Edmund Bara-
nowski and \\'fiaclysfiaw Kuhiski-on a trip through Texas to search
for new drops. They flew to Dallas and rented a car there for the
rest oF.the tour. They looked! for drops by day and spent their ?eve-
flings looking for strangers who might disclose some information.
Texas is crammed with Air Force installations, so my officers made
a point of staying at motels close to the airfields and eating their
meals in restaurants which they noticed were frequented by Air
Force Den. Despite these preparations, however, and long hours of
patient waiting, their pickings were slim. Then one night, as they
sat at a bar outside San Antonio, Baranowski and Kufiusk.i looked
up to see a tall young man come striding through the door, amble
up to the bar an(I order a double bourbon-on-the-rocks. The majors
were fascinated by him. The thing which impressed them most about
hint, they reported to me later, was the rakish ten-gallon hat he
wore. They had never seen one quite like it. They must have stared
at him, for in a moment the Texan waved to them from his end of
the bar.
"Howdy, strangers," he drawled, "ah don't reckon ah've seen you
two around! here before."
My majors waved back and nodded. They admitted they were
strangers, and the Texan sidled over to stand next to them. He told
them his name; they told him their names. In the confusion of the
moment they even volunteered that they were from Poland.
"Well," he said, "you've come a far piece to see Texas. What do
you-all think of it?"
Kufiuski anti Baranowski assured the young man-who was still
wearing his hat-that Texas was amazing. It was very big, it was very
rich, it was everything they had ever heard about it.
"Well," the Texan said, "we try to do our share. The old country
up north wants to build herself a lot of automobiles-we dig up all
the gas and oil to make 'em run. She gets hungry-we Fatten up the
steers. She gets her little of self into a war-we bail her out. We've
got a lotta fightin' folk down here. Ah guess you all've seen the big
airfields we got all over."
Kufiuski and Baranowski said they had seen the fields but did not
know too much about them. So the Texan proceeded to fill them in.
"Ah've been inside most of 'em,'he said. "Ah was a pilot nuysel~
for nicre'n four years. Then my daddy died and ah had to get out
and mind the ranch. Ah sure do miss ifyin'."
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Aly nten suggested that they were hungry and they asked the Texan
if he would join than for dinner, lie agreed-"If you'11 let me pay
my own way and buy the next round.'' 1)uring dinner the Texan
talked on and on about his Air Force. He was a walking encyclopedia
of niIitars' aviation. He knew the speed amid pcrformance of Air
Force planes: he knew the training schedules of the local pilots-
niany of whom were friends of his: he knew about their pay, their.
morale and their proficiency; lie knew how the SAC alert system
worked-and he went on to describe it; he knew how many bombers
on an SAC base were loaded with nuclear weapons and ready to fly
away to war: he knew about the armament of the planes and the
radar systems and the best tactics for shooting down an interceptor
in midair-a feat which he enacted dramatically with his hands; he
knew what formations the fighter planes were trained to follow: and
he went into detail about Air Force maintenance and repair crews.
He not only knew all this, but he was eager to brag about his infor-
mation to strangers. Kufiuski and Raranowski, who were not aviation
experts, understood and retained about half of what he told them.
As a result of this amazing adventure, I suggested in my report to
\Vasaw that future missions of this kind into Air Force territory be
staFl?ed with trained Polish Air Farce officers, even if they had to he
sent all the way from Warsaw for the purpose. The Texan simply
knew-and said-too much.
One of our best sources of loose talk about military subjects was
-of all places-the Pentagon in \V;tshington. r\nycme, from a four-
star general to a fifteen-year-old boy, can get into the Pentagon.
"There are information desks at the hall and River entrances where
ladies sit ready to answer ditestions or direct strangers to the proper
room in the proper corridor on the proper Floor of this gigantic
maze. :\nd presumably, they also are there to sift out people who
don't helong. But no one needs a pass to get past them. Ancl once
inside the Pentagon-though nn:uty :areas are extremely well guarded
to let the joint Chiefs, the intelligence stall's and the top-secret
planners deliherate in privacy-anyone can roans the hallways and
pause in the corridors. The hasetuent of the Pentagon houses a large
Concourse which is filled with shops, snack bars, post offices and
other public conveniences for the Pentagon's huge population. This
area, along with the Pentagon lihr:n?y-where we were allowed to
browse contentedly through the unclassified material-were our
main stamping grounds.
But we were not interested in buying stamps or drinking coffee or
sinnply flipping the pages of nilitary history hooks. \\'e did all of
these things-hut only as an excuse for h:tnging around. Our real
purpose tvas to eavesdrop can conversations..\ good deal of the talk
we overheard consisted of everyday military gossip. .~ general was
being transferred or promoted, and his friends (-ante up to congratu-
late hint. A new admiral ryas moving in and he went up to greet old
friends. A colonel who was well known :wound the Pentagon was
telling everyone hots he had taken over a new :\rnn)' branch involving
research. Air Force captains stood around in groups worrying out
loud about their pay. their housing and their pronlotions to niajor.
Once in a tyhile, in the midst of all this chatter, aye picked up a
juicy morsel. Two oliicers meeting iti a hall confirntecl a rumor the
had heard that an infantry regiment was undergoing special nuclear
training... colonel told a friend that he had just been ordered to
evaluate a ne%y tyeapon that eve had never heard of. \Ve got our first
real hint abcnu the reorganisation of the Arnnv into tic, streamlined
"pentontic" divisions in the Pentagon cellar.:\nd one of Iii)' assist-
ants fast heard about the new R-7o airplane from an ir Force
colonel who nientioned it to a colleague of his as the two of them
stood ~-aiting for hattiburget?s at a Pentagon snack b:u.
All of this information was choppy and fragmentary. It was col-
lected on the edge of crowds and sometimes it gave us only the rough
edge of a new fact. But each small tidbit helped us ho ild ult the
mosaic. The eavesdropping also gage Warsaw-and Nloscow-att in-
credibly intimate insight into the daily workings of the American
high command.
The Pentagon was so easy for us to get into, and so safe for us to
work in, that 1 wanted very much to locate a secret drop there. \Ve
found au excellent spot for one-a crack in the wall behind a door
not far Iromn the underground taxi entrance. And I could have made
wonderful use of it. Every now and then sonic co-operative soul in
the Pentagon would send word that he had some classified material
for us. We did not dare meet hint anywhere. And he did not want
to carry his papers too far from the Pentagon for fear of getting
caught with them.. drop was theii.cleal solution. But \1'arsaw tltrnecl
us down. It was inconceivable to %-2 that we could work right under
the noses of the top brass without getting into serious trouble.
\Varsaw was wrong, of course. It would have been a stiap.
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9
THE PRESS IS A BIG HELP
Americans are not only careless and loquacious in their speech,
They also give away far more than is good for them in the public
print.. This fact-which I soon realizc(I was another basic principle
in American life-came in very handy for inc. It was nice to know,
on a rainy clay or when the wind was howling down Wyoming
Avenue or the snow was drifting outside, that I could go right on
collecting secrets for Warsaw without ever leaving my desk. And,
though I had an unlimited budget for buying information, it was
also gratifying to know-since Poland is poor-that I could acquire
a good deal of it, even in the money-conscious U.S., for next to
nothing.
Take February, tg57, for example. I really got a windfall that
month. For the incredibly reasonable stun of two dollars, I was able
to buy-in one tidy bundle-a long and extremely detailed series of
facts concerning military aviation in the U.S. and allied countries.
Here are just a few of the fascinating facts which I learned from this
one source:
The first s(lua(lr(m of twelve F8U-1 Crusader planes will soon he put
into service in the U.S. Navy: the plane is powered by a Pratt R Whitney
J?:i7 engine with a thrust of ten thousand pounds: an improved version-
(lesignated the F8U-3-will have a speed of I\iach 2 and will I:ie ready in
three )'cans. ;\ photographic version of the plane-designated the F8U-rP-
is already on the books in the Fleet Introduction I'rogram.
Clore than one hundred I)ouglas F4 I) Skyray all-weather fighters-also
powered by J-7 engines-arc assigucd to the Elect, and quantity procluc-
tior will coutinuc until nti(I-1938.
"f he Cons?air F-tr2jet interceptor has a wingspan of 32 feet 2 inches,
is fib feet and inches long, 2t feet ;ut(I 3 inches high, has a speed of
l\fach 1, is p overcd by the f-a7 and carries a Falcon missile produced by
Hughes which is 6 feet long, 6 inches in diameter, has a wingspan 0f
2 feet, weighs too pounds and is gui(fe(I to its target by a radar horning
de\'Ice.
Engineers at Boeing have discovered that they can save at least 30 per
cent on the weight of a B-47 or B-52 bomber by constructing it of heat-
trcatc(1 (i.\1-4V tit:uliunt alloy instead of the Typc 422 heat-treated steel
whi(Ii they h;nc been using.
"I?he British have a Saunders Roc SR/53 rocket-jet interceptor-powered
by an .\rmstrnng?Siddclcy Viper engine-ready for testing at Boscome
D(nans: the :\rmsu-ong-\vhitworth people arc working on a ship-to-air
Weapon for the Royal Navy which will use a Sperry guidance system.
(:ana(la has already sent one squadron of .\vro CF- tuu fighters to join
NA'f O in Europe and gill h;n?c the second squadron there in another
nt?nt.h. The (: nacli us plan a total of four CF-too squadrons, with the
retraining eight squadrons to be equipped with F-86 Sabrejets.
-I?he Saah Aircraft (: iiii :u s in Sweden has ccnnpletecl the maiden flight
of its all-weather ( ;;2-B night fighter, which differs from the A 32 in that
it has a store powerful Rolls-Royce engine, an enlarged afterburner, new
;un,;tn,ent, a new navigation system an(1 new fire-control equipment.
Argentina has turned clown a tJ.S. offer of F-84 Thu nderjets at thirty
thous 11(1 dollars each because the "Argentines thought the plane was too
hot for them to handle." Argentina still has 70 of its original loo Gloster
meteors, btu 0111)' f of them arc in operation.
The West Germans arc building in Fouga-~fagister trainers and 469
DO-27's for their own Air Forcc, with the s1csscrschmitt, Heinkel and
llornien companies doing the work.
Italy has three brigades of fighter-bombers, cacti outfitted with F-84's
and F-S,1 F?'s, ;ut all-weather fighter brigade equipped with F'-86K's, a
squadron of Fiat Vampires, ;ut(1 two antisubmarine groups equipped with
Harpoons. Total strength of the Italian 'it Force is now 700 planes,
which is a 27 per cent increase over t9i5?
Japan is rehabilitating ;ut old field at Shizuma, near Nagoya, with a
fi.ooo-foot runway. has an Soon-foot runway at Ffyakurihara near Tokyo,
and is planning to spend a hill ile spirit of good neighborliness.
But somehow the U.S. State Department caught on to our tricks
and 'warned us to stop buying military publications under false
Pretenses. \Ve dicl-for a few -uonths. Then we started up again.
An(I, to our great surprise, we were once more fairly successful. But
in 1g5(i I thought. of a refinement on this trick which I clecidecl would
help eliminate the suspicion altogether. It involved our being able
to 1>lace orclcrs under names which did not sound so obviously
Polish. 1 knew that a Polish captain by the name of Edward
Kucharski was ahout to leave \Varsaw to join my staff. I sent a cable
requesting that Kucharski change his name before he left and come
to the U.S. wit Ii a lapel that sotnuled Purely American.
He would have to go through all kinds of legal shenanigans, of
crnr1SC-take out a ne~v passport with his new name inscribed on
it, and even get a new hirth certificate stuck into the files in \Varsaw
so the deception (0111(1 not easily be discovered by American counter-
intelligence. His wife and young son would have to change their
names, too-since they were coming with him. And the new name
would have to ring true. Kucharski could not switch to a name like
Smith or S;dtonst;dl or O'Flaherty-since there are no such names in
P0lancl. Rut he could come with a name like Gordon. Gordon, for
SOIlle reason, is 1101. an uncommon name in Poland; several Gordons
are even listed in the \Varsaw tclellhcme book.
Kuch;rrski (I i(1 not like the idea at all; he was very fond of his own
name. Rut my superiors liked it; and Kucharski, like a good soldier,
had to 0hey. And so, when "E(Ity;u-d Gordon" showed up in \Vash-
ington as my new assistant, I put. him to work immediately sub-
scribing to magazines and writing in for books. The trick worked
very well. (:aptain Gordon remained in the U.S. until early in
-qfi-. I-Ic is hack in \Varsaw note, under his old name of Kucharski.
/One of the hest sources of loose talk in the U.S. is the United
States Congress. Almost Senator and Congressman likes to consider
hiulself an expert on one phase of U.S. defense or another-if only
to know how to wangle a new Air Fot?ce base or an :\rny post for
his constituency back home. Sonic of the members, especially those
who have served in the arned forces themselves, develop a real
competence in the field and take a hand in helping to tttolcl the
nation's defenses. One a year, when the military budget is being
thraShccl out in Congressional hearings, the members of Congress
put the top admirals and generals on the witness stand and talk it
all over, cxllert-to-expert. The questioning goes on for hours. And
all of it-except for the really secret material which goes off the
record-is printed, vnrd for wcn?d, in big, fat reports which almost
anyone can get his hands on simply by going to a Congressman's
office or to the Government Printing Office and claiming to be a
journalist collecting information for an article. (At least, that is how
I got my copies of Congressional hearings on the defense budget.)
In 1when the military appropriations for 1958 were being
worked out, the herrings were immortalized in a stack of documents-
one fcrr the Navy, one for the Army, one for the Air Force and one
fo-? the Defense Department-which stood almost a foot high and
ran to more than six thousand pages of very fine print. Many of the
passages were extremely boring, even for the experts. One table,
for example, suniunarized the number of square feet occupied by
U.S. Army barracks in Hawaii, Alaska, the Caribbean and the U.S.,
and broke it down into such singular categories as "permanent,"
"improved temporary," "unimproved temporary," and "austere."
Another section pinned down the amount of money the U.S. Navy
would he asking for in 1958 ($1,200,000) for the "Transportation of
Things."
One of my favorite characters slurring these annual meetings was
Representative Daniel Flood of Pennsylvania, a man who obviously
took great delight in asking piercing questions of the brass. And
sometimes Mr. Flood got an answer which was quite enlightening
for me. On April 16, ig57, he was in the committee room as
Brigadier General Chester De Gavre, Director of Development in
the Army's Office of Research and Development, was showing some
movies and slides to a Congressional committee so the members could
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SPY IN THE U.S. -7.18- to on IS x 2r, Baskerville
get a good look at the items they were being asked to l'aY for. i
thought Mr. Flood's reaction to one gadget General 1)e Cavrc un-
veiled was particularly interesting. Here is how the testimony went:
CENERAI. DE. GAvRr?.. The item being shown is the Scorpion
or the M-r,6 assault gull. It is not a tank. Mr. Sikes, as you
recall, recommended this be named the Slugger. We have
named it the Scorpion because it cannot stand up ante slug
with tanks. The crew is entirely on the outside of the vehicle.
It weighs i6.ooo pounds. It gives the Air-borne Division the
first capability of antitank defense.
MR. F-.oon. You are going to send that against tanks?
GENRRAI. DE GA\'RE. Yes, sir. This is the only thing that can
be delivered by air. The present status is that they are now
being procured for the air-borne divisions.
MR. Ft.oou. It would be a suicide operation against tanks.
I suppose no one can blame the Congressmen who have to pay
the militarv hills for wanting to make sure they are not throwing
money away on dubious projects. But it must be difficult to run a
defense establishment in a goldfish bowl.
Both the Congressmen and the generals are careful to go "off the
record" when the testimony involves classified material. But this act
of patriotism is also duly recorded in the printed hearings, and I
often learned as much from seeing where a deletion was made as I
might have learned if the testimony had been printed verbatim.
An example of this came on the afternoon of January R, I9r,7,
when Secretary of Defense Neil McElroy was appearing before a
House subcommittee on tlefense appropriations and Nir. I)an hood
was leading him across the griddle. They were talking about setting
up Thor missiles in England, and the testimony, as reprinted in the
hearings, went like this:
MR. Ft.oon. Now, do you fellows really think that you are
going to have IRRNI bases, with squachrons, troops, hardware,
installations, launchers, missiles: with the electric light all
ready to push a hutton, in the British Isles before Christmas
of tgr,S? Do you really mean that?
SECRETARY MCEI.Ro Y. I believe it.
MR. Ft.oon. So at the very, very earliest-and this is even
mcntey-we will have one operational squadron. and paren-
thetically I doubt it-
SECRt?:'rARv McEI.ROY. I think gee will: hut, of course, you
could he right.
MR. FLOOD. i will bet you a hat you will not have it. My
opinion is you will have nothing resent hling-
SI?cREiARY MCEI.ROY. Ott the record I will take that In.
MR. Ft.ooo. You will have no British. or anything else, for
eighteen months at the earliest.
SECRETARY McEI.RoY. Well-
MR. FLoon. Certainly you will not.
SECRETARY NICEI.ROv. If that is true we will have had an
outrand-out failure.
MR. Ft.oon. American?
SECRETARY MCEI.ROY. AmericaItS or-
MR. Fi.oon. rust Americans.
SECRETARY NICEI.Rov. The early ones will be manned by
Americans simply in order to get going.
\IR. Fu.oon. That Is what I say.
SECRETARY MCEl.ROY. We would expect to have the second
one available by early tg5q.
(Discussion off the record.1
NfR. Fi.ooo. That makes my second question important, at
least to tue. 't'hat makes me unhappy.
It certainly slid not make \Varsaw or Moscow unhappy to learn
that whatever was said "off the record'' in that conversation had
matle A'Ir. Flood unhappy. I sent all of the fat volumes of Ccmgres-
sional testimony to Z-2 by diplomatic pouch. But i usually skintnued
through them first-if only for laughs.
Despite the stacks of magazines, hooks, pamphlets and Congres-
sional transcripts which i kept stuffing into the potuclu and sending
off to Warsaw, !-2 was never quite satisfied. It wantetl maps anti
charts, too. In Iqr~ I got a request to gather descriptions of all the
major U.S. seaports. To make sure i did not forget anything, Warsaw
sent along a list of some to questions which it wanted me to
answer about each port. How sleep was the harbor? I-low wide and
deep were the channels? \Vhere were the rail?oatl sidings and repair
shops? Where slid the pilots go aboard? \Vhat was the tide?
I knew from the sound of the query that these questions did not
reflect only Warsaw's curiosity. As usual, Moscow was using us to
learn some things its own attaches could not fund out. When the
cable arrived I was tempted to answer that i could not possihly
tackle such a task without at least a year to do the work and a staff
of twenty or thirty people to help me. But I decided I had better
give it a try. I sent for two assistants who hall already been to
Norfolk-which was one of the ports on the list-and ordered them
to start the project there as a test run. The men worked at Norfolk
for several days, but when they returned they liad only a few rough
sketches and a few pages of notes. The job was too tough for such
a frontal approach.
Then, a few weeks later, I had a great stroke of luck. I had gone
to the Government Printing Office to pick up some unclassified
reports i needed, and when the clerk brouilit them to me I asked
him if-by any chance-he had a good unclassified report on the
port of Baltimore, which was also on my list. He went to find out.
A few minutes later he returned with two volumes. One was a book
which had been put out by U.S. Army engineers describing the
Baltimore port; the other was a catalogue listing similar studies of
other U.S. ports. I thanked the clerk for his trouble and went out
to my car. As I started to leaf through the books I almost jumped
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through the tool. The volume on Baltimore was packed with much
more information than I needed to answer all the questions T_?2 had
asked. And, according to the catalogue, similar reports were avail-
able on all the other cities on the list.
1 sent several of my assistants hack to the Government Printing
0111ce on a staggered schedule over the next few. weeks-to avoid
arousing undue suspicion. And eventually we had the complete
set of eighteen volumes in hand. The entire project cost me only
about twenty-five dollars-plus a gallon or so of gas getting us to
and front the printing office. If a clever agent had offered me the
saute information-and if he had been Stuart. enough to (tole it out
to me a few facts at a time to make it look really difficult-he could
easily have Ileeced me of at least fifty thousand dollars. To Warsaw
and to Moscow, the information I turned in was worth every bit of
that.
I received a similar request from Warsaw that same year for
aviation maps of the U.S. L-2-and again I suspected it was Moscow-
needed a complete description of every air base in the U.S., including
the length and width of the runways, the best approaches for land-
ing, the location and frequency of the radio directional beacons,
etc. Once more, I threw up my hands. But then-once more.-! was
lucky. i stumbled onto a catalogue one day, from a firm in
California, which offered aerial maps of the U.S.-to U.S. citizens
only.
i wrote the firm a letter-over a phony signature-ancl explained
that i was a private pilot and needed navigational maps of the
Philadelphia-Baltimore-\Vashington area to keep me from getting
lost. The firm apparently took pity on me, for, in a week or so I got
the charts I asked for, :long with a friendly letter thanking me for
my business. The charts were exactly what I needed. So I wrote a
few store letters to the saute company-I always liked to do business
with the same people ii they were efficient. In a few weeks I had
gradually built up my collection until I had a complete set of maps
covering the entire U.S. When i showed them to the Soviet air
attache, he was so amazed that he tried to take them from me.
I would not let him have them.
"But how dicl you get them he asked.
i would not tell him. i knew that Moscow would receive its own
copies of the maps eventually-Warsaw would have to see to that.
But we clicl not have to inform Moscow how and where we got
them. Even in the espionage business there is such a thing as a
professional secret. I wanted to keep this one to myself.
IO
THE RUSSIANS RUN THE SHOW
The Russians were never content just to sit and wait for the
material I was gathering ter id I, they were running the show, and
as our senior partners in \Vashington they worked hard to keep us
'stirred up atul eager and to co-ordinate and guide our efforts to their
own ends. The Russians always wanted more details included in
our reports than we would normally provide our own headquarters.
They liked to get their facts by the gross, not by the dozen. And,
like fish peddlers, they wanted the material delivered fast, while it
was still fresh. They still do. If a small conntpany in Detroit receives
a contract for five thousand dollars' worth of spare parts for tanks,
Moscow heats about it innmecliately. If an Air Force jet crashes
during a routine flight over the Nevada desert, 1\1oscow wants to
know.Ancl if the Soviet attaches in \Vashington learn that a single,
isolated battalion of GI's has just been moved from one post to
another, they send a coded cable about it to Moscow that very day.
Because of all this vitality, Moscow receives a tremendous flood of
information every clay, a good deal of it made up of bits and pieces
of unrelatec) minutiae. But 114oscow is ready and eager for all this
chaff. At Soviet intelligence headquarters-which has the formidable
name of Gfna'nnje Razwiedowatelnoje Uprawleni.e and is located
near Red Square and the Kremlin-a task force of sore five thou-
sand trained experts sloes nothing but sort, fit together and analyze
the thousands of pieces of intelligence which pore in from the U.S.
alone by mail, cable and radio. Nothing is too insignificant to wind
up in Moscow. As the Soviet military attache in Washington, Gen-
eral .Aleksander Rodionov, once told me, "\Ve can use every detail.
If we do not use it in a war, we can at least turn it over to our
sabotage teams. Bring us everything: be a sponge."
Because the Russians could not travel freely around the U.S., my
office did a lot of sponging for them. But the Russians also worked
hard themselves. The office of the Soviet military attache in Wash-
ington had a staff of about forty people. Sometimes these agents
were joined by reinforcements. In 1957, a few days before a great
Armed Forces Day celebration in Washington, three high-ranking
Soviet officers flew in from Moscow disguised as diplomats on an
inspection trip. Actually the officers were specialists in analyzing new
weapons simply by lookitg at them from a distance, and their job
on this trip was to watch the parades and visit the public displays
and make an appraisal of any new guns, tanks, planes or other
equipment that the Americans might unveil.
The Russians were never bashful about asking for our help. In
May, t 9,i7, the U.S. Navy was host to a gigantic naval review in the
waters off Norfolk. The purpose of the review was to celebrate the
founding, by sea, of the Jamestown colony in 1607. A total of t t4
ships from eighteen different countries were scheduled to take part-
including a British aircraft carrier, Belgian mine sweepers, and
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through the tool. The volume on Baltimore was packed with much
more information than I needed to answer all the questions T_?2 had
asked. And, according to the catalogue, similar reports were avail-
able on all the other cities on the list.
1 sent several of my assistants hack to the Government Printing
0111ce on a staggered schedule over the next few. weeks-to avoid
arousing undue suspicion. And eventually we had the complete
set of eighteen volumes in hand. The entire project cost me only
about twenty-five dollars-plus a gallon or so of gas getting us to
and front the printing office. If a clever agent had offered me the
saute information-and if he had been Stuart. enough to (tole it out
to me a few facts at a time to make it look really difficult-he could
easily have Ileeced me of at least fifty thousand dollars. To Warsaw
and to Moscow, the information I turned in was worth every bit of
that.
I received a similar request from Warsaw that same year for
aviation maps of the U.S. L-2-and again I suspected it was Moscow-
needed a complete description of every air base in the U.S., including
the length and width of the runways, the best approaches for land-
ing, the location and frequency of the radio directional beacons,
etc. Once more, I threw up my hands. But then-once more.-! was
lucky. i stumbled onto a catalogue one day, from a firm in
California, which offered aerial maps of the U.S.-to U.S. citizens
only.
i wrote the firm a letter-over a phony signature-ancl explained
that i was a private pilot and needed navigational maps of the
Philadelphia-Baltimore-\Vashington area to keep me from getting
lost. The firm apparently took pity on me, for, in a week or so I got
the charts I asked for, :long with a friendly letter thanking me for
my business. The charts were exactly what I needed. So I wrote a
few store letters to the saute company-I always liked to do business
with the same people ii they were efficient. In a few weeks I had
gradually built up my collection until I had a complete set of maps
covering the entire U.S. When i showed them to the Soviet air
attache, he was so amazed that he tried to take them from me.
I would not let him have them.
"But how dicl you get them he asked.
i would not tell him. i knew that Moscow would receive its own
copies of the maps eventually-Warsaw would have to see to that.
But we clicl not have to inform Moscow how and where we got
them. Even in the espionage business there is such a thing as a
professional secret. I wanted to keep this one to myself.
IO
THE RUSSIANS RUN THE SHOW
The Russians were never content just to sit and wait for the
material I was gathering ter id I, they were running the show, and
as our senior partners in \Vashington they worked hard to keep us
'stirred up atul eager and to co-ordinate and guide our efforts to their
own ends. The Russians always wanted more details included in
our reports than we would normally provide our own headquarters.
They liked to get their facts by the gross, not by the dozen. And,
like fish peddlers, they wanted the material delivered fast, while it
was still fresh. They still do. If a small conntpany in Detroit receives
a contract for five thousand dollars' worth of spare parts for tanks,
Moscow heats about it innmecliately. If an Air Force jet crashes
during a routine flight over the Nevada desert, 1\1oscow wants to
know.Ancl if the Soviet attaches in \Vashington learn that a single,
isolated battalion of GI's has just been moved from one post to
another, they send a coded cable about it to Moscow that very day.
Because of all this vitality, Moscow receives a tremendous flood of
information every clay, a good deal of it made up of bits and pieces
of unrelatec) minutiae. But 114oscow is ready and eager for all this
chaff. At Soviet intelligence headquarters-which has the formidable
name of Gfna'nnje Razwiedowatelnoje Uprawleni.e and is located
near Red Square and the Kremlin-a task force of sore five thou-
sand trained experts sloes nothing but sort, fit together and analyze
the thousands of pieces of intelligence which pore in from the U.S.
alone by mail, cable and radio. Nothing is too insignificant to wind
up in Moscow. As the Soviet military attache in Washington, Gen-
eral .Aleksander Rodionov, once told me, "\Ve can use every detail.
If we do not use it in a war, we can at least turn it over to our
sabotage teams. Bring us everything: be a sponge."
Because the Russians could not travel freely around the U.S., my
office did a lot of sponging for them. But the Russians also worked
hard themselves. The office of the Soviet military attache in Wash-
ington had a staff of about forty people. Sometimes these agents
were joined by reinforcements. In 1957, a few days before a great
Armed Forces Day celebration in Washington, three high-ranking
Soviet officers flew in from Moscow disguised as diplomats on an
inspection trip. Actually the officers were specialists in analyzing new
weapons simply by lookitg at them from a distance, and their job
on this trip was to watch the parades and visit the public displays
and make an appraisal of any new guns, tanks, planes or other
equipment that the Americans might unveil.
The Russians were never bashful about asking for our help. In
May, t 9,i7, the U.S. Navy was host to a gigantic naval review in the
waters off Norfolk. The purpose of the review was to celebrate the
founding, by sea, of the Jamestown colony in 1607. A total of t t4
ships from eighteen different countries were scheduled to take part-
including a British aircraft carrier, Belgian mine sweepers, and
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qti SPY IN ?FHE U.S. -748- I0 on I? x 2r, Baskcrville
sharply uj)%v I?d au (I slowly 1'OIlcd over on its I)ack. dust as it
started It) roll I)a(:kwar(I, the jet let loose a 1)01111) aIl(1 then llcw ofl'
111)siclc clown in the sank direction Iron) which it haul conic. "i he
plane ke1)t flying in one (lirection, still 111)sicle down, while the
holuh went hurtling slowly through the air in the other direction
and finally lauded on the l oiling range well to our left. In actual
cont1)at, the announcer told us over the loud-speaker, t11c hon)h
would 1)e nuclear. 'l he point of the exercise was to show how a plane
a devastating
could conic in fairly hnv-to avoid CnenIy I I(1ai-(lol)
1)01111), and then get. away to a sale elistance before the bom1) could
explode. It seemed like a stunning-ancl datlgerous-idea to us,
at)(l as soon as we got I)ack to \Vashirlgton the Russians cabled a brief
description of the technique to Moscow. But iMosc0w did not believe
what. it heard.
"Itnpossihlc," the intelligence chick cabled back Iron Red Square.
"B-17 is too heavy for such a nlameuve'.'
"1'he Soviet air attache, Colot)cl Philip Bachinsky, who had
orgatnired our work, was very upset. He had seen the stunt with his
own eyes, 1)01 his bosses scented to think he was either drunk or
making it ul' How ('0111(1 he convince them? Bachinsky called an
emergency meeting of the rest of us who had gone to Eglin and asked
us to help him out. We knew that Moscow would have to believe
us as soon as it received the pictures we had taken. But Bachinsky
also wanted us to he extremely careful when we wrote up our reports.
They would have to ji1)e with his. He did not want its to write iden-
tical reports-Moscow would Ile even more skeptical if we all said
exactly the same thing. But. he did ask that we agree on the basic
facts-the speed, altitude, range and timing of the demonstration-
ancl present a solid front. to Moscow as far as the details went. It
was not until we shipped 0Il our films and this final co-ordinated
report that we were able to convince Moscow that a six-engine,
IRr,,ooo-pound Boeing B-,17 Stratojet. homher had indeed tossed a
1)01111) over its shoulder and then run like hell.
In the spring of IO6 I got orders from \Varsaw to make a scouting
trip to Oak Riclge, "Tennessee, and learn all 1 could ah0ut the
Atomic Energy (A)IIIIIIissiull's huge center there for processing anti
testing nuclear materials. I knew alsolutely nothing about nuclear
physics or atomic energy. nc1 though 1 had never been near Oak
Ridge. 1 (11d know that the auea was extremely well guarded and
that 1 would he lucky it 1 saw anything at all. None of these prob-
Ien1s deterred \\'ais;nv. I was told to collect precise information on
ally, nuc?le:u piles which were berated on the reservation, where the
main resc:u'ch lahoratories were, what kinds of roads ran through
the :urea, where the fences ;ttul guard posts were, how n)any people
worked at Oak Ridge aucl where they lived, what the travel restric-
tiOns were. where the power plants stood and exactly where the
power lines ran from one section of the complex to another.
It was ('leu? to 111(', as soon as I started to decode the orders, that
\\'arsaw was not fully responsible for them. Only the Russians would
want to know so much about a place like Oak Ridge-this was their
style-and my real customer on this trip was obviously the Soviet
Union. \?ly suspicions we,rc confirmed shortly before I left on the
trip. Colonel Sergei L(lelnsky, the assistant Soviet military attache
in \Vashington, looked nie (i]).
"\Vherc arc yon going in Tennessee he asked me.
"l-Io\v did you know I was going to Tennessee?" I said.
"Oh." Edc11lsky answered with a smile. "somehody told me.,.
I took C;Ipulin C01a(h with inc. \Ve traveled the first leg, from
\Vashington to Nashville, by train. The FBI joined us in Nashville.
\\'e Ii lied a car there and tried to lose our friends before we left
the city. But they covered all possible avenues of escape, and we
fin.illy headed for Oak Riclge in a caravan of cars, three of which
belonged to the Ii .5. government.
As 1 had expected, we did not see much. \Ve were able to drive
off onto a number of roads in the Oak Ridge area, but we could
never go far. No matter what direction we drove in, we always ran
into a high, guarded fence which kept everyone-including unau-
thorized residents of the area-from getting even close to the im-
portant sites. There were signs posted along the roads forbidding
anyone to stop. So while Colach drove slowly, I took what pictures
and notes I conlcl. The traffic piled up behind us several times, and
we could hear horns honking. Therc were no signs which said we
conlcl not chive at five miles an hour, however, so we ignored the
impatient horn blowers. I was able to draw a rough map on which
I tried to plot the fences, the gates and some of the distant buildings.
But 1 had no idea which building was which. And with the FBI
creeping along behind and ahead of us wherever we went, I could'
hardly stop to take a gootl look or ask questions.
A few weeks after I sent in my report I received a cable from Z-2
complaining that it was neither very valuable nor very interesting.
The Soviet air attache in Washington, however-who had apparently
been given a good fill-in on what I wrote to Warsaw-was more
charitable.
"\\re would like to know a lot more." he admitted, "but we (lid
learn some things from your report which we did not know before."
I assured the colonel that he now knew everything that I knew
about Oak Ridge-and probably everything that anyone could learn
about it when he had such unwelcon)e company tagging along. I
suggested, since the Russians could not even get within five hundred
miles of Tennessee-much less Oak Ridge-that they ought to be
satisfied with small favors. The colonel assured me they were.
As in everything else, the Russians also took the lead in the
Communist social whirl in Washington. The two biggest events on
the annual calendar which were organized just for the brotherhood
were a New Year's party for the children of all the Co>)nm)nist
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17 til'l' IN 'rl I E 11.S. --j S- 111 on 1 1 x rl Raskcr\ illc
cnthassICs-at \\'lll(II the I:us,ians d1(1 Ihcim hest to ;tptpS( ,111(1
i1111)ress Iltn' (hildIcn Kith g:unes? sung, gifts and (ostullres fom all-
antl a Spcci;tl re(Cpti0)n fur our ladic?S oh \I;o'(h 8, which is Inlcr-
11ati0)nal \\'utucn's I):0)\ in the (:untluttnist \vorld. .\t This :nulttal
lruty one lady I'rorlt each (: )l I ltutist (1111)15,\ ll tkCS a IIIIIC spcc(I1
uutlirlirlg the progress the N?opten in hem ((U1tt\' ale staking :ut(l
thanking the great Bidet t niun fur setting such a wun(ICrful Cx-
:up)lC fur Item with its 0)\\n sl;Iutl;ntI of living. I atn snrc th;tt the
ladies front (:ie(hos1)\'ukia must hire their tongues ;Intl cross their
tingers \chcnc\Cr they make this spccch.:l'ur in order to match
111ssi:s stand;0)d ul' living, the (accts ha\c 111(1 to bring thcims I 'n
c0)nside1';thly.
1'hc panic, \rere nut held just fur fun. There \v is womk to (lo,
an(1 the RIISSI;1tls Ilsttally saw to it that \vc \vurke(I as h;Ir(1 as they,
did-\vhich \\as hamd. '1'hc \(inc (d ial' at the I'utisll embassy was
\vcll stocked with excellent libations, many () f \vllict \ve intpclrte(t
from 1:ngl:nl(1 Intl 1'r:u1(C as (Iil)lulnatic ca;gu-duly IICC. "i he Polish
C1 lhass\ \\as the scene 0)l pl:Inv lively rC(C1)ti0)ns f0)r the cliplontatiC
cunulrtntity. SoI C of the (huller lrutics at the Polish embassy \VCIC
given It the s11c( i:tl lr(luest 0)1 the Russians. \vhu askc(I U5 to hying
then) tOcther \vith t ious .\nteri(; I1S wh0) (0(11(1 nut so easily accept
ill.it;ltiuns to dine :1t the S0)\ict embassy.
"1'he Russians also 1)ro\i(ICd us. Iron( tint( to Ihue. with a supply
of politic;tl small talk to use 0)n social occasions. :\ classic example
of this c:nrte in I1I,,ti, sh0)rtl\ altcm the S) icts got theplscl\es into
SC(i)US ll'ulllllc in the \\()rld o\'em I'()111111 :uul hIungary. In the tui(lst.
of the (riti( isnl o\CI Russia s hea\ ' handling o1 the llu11g:(1'ia11 up-
rising. the loritish 111(1 11(11(11 joined 111 frith Israel to sage ;t var
against \:csscr in t:gpt. I'hc Rlls,lalls sciicd nn this 11cw in(i(Ic11t.
II) divert the \v(11'I(I'S attention II'()111 their 0)\\n mistakes. and they
tried 10) get into the a(t. h\ sounding the somber warning that they
\\oul(l SCp01 S()\lCI \ohuItecrs into I:gvpt to help out !' I.SCl inllnedi-
ately it the I're11(t. Itritish and Israelis did nut pull hack.
Rtl[ no unc seemed to take the Russi;tn threat Seriously. tI (t
Colonel F(ICIll,k\', 0)I the SU\iet nlilit F)' atta(tit stall, asked inc to
help them out.
"\uhody SCCIps to \vant to talk to U5 thCSC (lays... he said. and
\\e are nut getting invited to any lrotie5. lout everyho(1)' \v;utts to
talk to \o)II 1-ttpogariatos and 1'olc.s. Ihcv :q,pamcntly think you arc
all I)htt\IS and heroes 0)l sunk kind. \\i II \0)u plca,e try to (()p\ i11(C
C\crynne )?otr SCe an(I talk to that \ce do I1I( lr) business ;Itt(1 that \vc
Trill Sen(I o)It1111eC1'S into 1:gcpt it the \var does not ,top- \'0)n (tut
(lu)te noC as \(Itu 5o(I1(C. 'I'loen 1>Icasc (t)ttle and tell n1C what rcac-
ti(nl \'(111 get. \I(1~(()N' I, aiixio ot1s. I(1 kt)(1\\'."
"liut \\hot \vill I say if people ask plc ho\v y0)p plan to (rat't'y this
threat out I askC01. "It Sounds rather dillunit. .\I tel 111. ht 1)t is
erv far from the Sn\iCt t'niun. :\IC VUU going to II) then) in and
(hop them by l teal hone, or are you planning to sneak then) in by
sea
' My dear I'awcl,'' I denosky said. ''(10) nut concerto yuumself with
stint details. I ran tell you that we (10) ttol plan to send volunteers
into Egypt at all. "That would he nunsense. You are right. Rut we
Want e\'er\one to tltiNlr we (1o...
I (1101 not bothcm to ca ti out Edenlskv', rcgpest. For unc thing, it
\vas 511(1 a (I11nls\ piece of Su jet hla(knoail that 1 knew I \voul(l
make a 10)0)1 o l nt\scll if I tried to promote it. Hut more intport;nltly,
I was so st0)0kecl, personally, Ily the Soviet hehaviom in Rpdapest.
arul so clisappuinted h\ the (0)11dn(t 0)1 the Rn,si:(tts ill \V;u'saw.
that I (00111(1 not have clone a la\om for thclu joist then e\en it it had
r)a(Ie sense. In fact, I went out of ply \\?:o\ to admit to s01111e 0)1 sty,
West European friends that the Russi;ut tlu'cat on Fgvpt was a farce.
It was typical of the Rtlssi:uls, however, that they picked on its
- and the I-lungami;uts t0) try the uric k for thcno. It was their consiclcre(l
opinion that :\ntemuau diplomats in \V:nhi11gton were very pa'iyc
attcl easy to Fool. Mining just planaged to luake the lice woorld feel
SOI]V For us, they were sine that the State I)ep;u-uucnt would helieye
us-no platter what. stupid things we said--simply because WC were
sutrp(tSecl to he sure at the Russians. "rhi, tulle, howevcm, the laugh
was on theta.
II
HOW TO SPOT A RECRUIT
It \vas raining hard in \ICpophis \\'hep (;olan( and I stopped there
overnight 0)11 0)011 \'ay home Droop Oak Ridge. \Ve there killing time
in a IlIO\'iC when the cluudhurst started, and when we left the
theater \(e stood i0) the (lark under the tnarcluee to keep (h')' . Stand-
lugitt us were a le' other nurhiegoet:s, including sonic Iriep(ls of
cnn:S front the I' oil. We O11101 sec two cars 1)arked across the street
in the shadows. Everyone was waiting For us to stake omt' next. move.
It was a quick one. \\'e had inched along the sidewalk to the
corner when suddenly all eplpty taxi started across the intersection,
just as the light was switching Irons green to yellow. \Ve ran for
the cab, junlpecl ill atul told the drivem to get going.
''Get going where:'' he asked.
We had no idea: we were strangers in Meutphis.
"\VC'II guidc.you,'' I said final iy, and began to gi~e directions-
first, to the right, then to the left as we wound through a quiet section
of town near the clocks. 'I'hc rain was letting up as I spotted the
lighted sign of a ham and cafe.
''That's the place,'' I said.
Golach 111(1 1 g0)t opt and paid the are. Then, as soon ^s he was
out 011 sight, we staitecl walking last. to get away Front the neighbor-
hood. I was afraid the I' RI utight locate the cab driver and discover;
where he had taken us. \Ve walked several blocks and clucked into
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48 SIT IN i-f I is U.S. -7.IH- I') out t S; x ~., laskcrville
anulhcr restnr:utl. just as the rain started up again. \\'c checked our
chats all sat. (Imvn to rnder (lilimcr. Utcr \vc had catctm tvc )vent
to the l:u fur chinks. 'I'hc Iru? was ahmoSt Comply, but \VC S:I\r? two
mess, in their late twcnlics, who had ('()IIIC in oil' the street. Both
\vere 111CC looking 111(1 well (hCSSC(I; o11C in a Suit, the other iii slacks
111(l :I spoti' la(kct. Both \vorC tics. "1 hey Stnile(I I)olitcly I1 Golach
111(1 lime as VC sat (10\\11 HCxt 1() them.
"A very rainy night.,'' I said to the unc ncat?CSt trine.
"Ycs," he S:ticl, "a good tiI11C 1 (1 sit ifsi(IC and drink. '
"If you calm alforcl iI.," the other yotntg nta11 added.
"\\'cll," I said (111i(kl)', "1'nt a stranger here. Perhaps you \vrntl(l
le so kind as to ctc?(Cpt a chink ii nn nie to help Inc get acquainted
'I hat's very nice of yon,'' one of the tucn said \vithont any
hCSil ttinn.
Our gncsts rn'clerC(l Martinis. Golach and I had Scotch and
water. \\rC (ls(tally (hank this in 1)111)1X-especially after dinner-le-
(ausC it SCCmtecl very :\tncrican, and I thought it proh d)' helpe(I
0111 cantnnllagc. Before the two then could ask us where we were
front I '()l 11111 ccred the irmfnrmtation that (;olach and I \vere both
front I11rol,c 1)111 that wC \vere now living in the U.S., \vhere we hacl
I)IlslneSS inICICSts. 'They (lid lint ask us where \ve ha(1 crnne from
in I?:urnpc rn \vhal 0U1 husincss wits.
l'hc tw() ntcut-I shall (:111 Ihcmm Rill a-tul )lank-infrnmccl us that
they \\(rC ac'ount:units wills a finance cnmtpany its \'1Cnythis :mul that
thick' had (1C(idecl to have a chink together alter working late.
Tots know (IS r\utcri(ans," Hark said. 'Il \vc (1(1 is work.
"Iihc ton :\ttteri(:uts (lid not work any ntorC that night, but I
did. I talked \vith 11)(?111 for IICaYI)' five hrnrrs-with C;(1lach pitching
in nrnv 111(1 then. .\n(1 \vhen the eveUing ended 1 \v:1s so satisfied
\vitlm the results that I jotted down coded notes lot a full report to
\\':1rsa\v on lath of them. Rill :11mcl \lark \vere the prototypes of the
kind of :\11teri(ans 1 was always looking for, the kind I hoped to
recruit :IS agents for the Corumunist cause.
'I his was not lmc(ausc the men were (.:onnounists. "They were not.
In fact, if tile)' had hccn panty ulenmhcrs, they \voulcl lui c heed of.
little use to inc. .\s a rule. card-(arryiug Conlntunists are not re-
crnit.cd into intelligence :I1)1):uat11Ses in the \\(est for the simple
reason that they arc loo o1)\rf(1us and too yulnea:thle t.1) Cx1)os1t1'e an(l
arrest. 1CIIh(1'-so far is I (1)111(1 scc-\vas there an)' Insic flaw in
the t() melt's uh:11acters \vhich would mtakc them easy marks for
(:onttnlntist hlacktuail. Rill t(11c1 me he was happily nmarrie(I. Mark
was single, hurt as other customers (ante a11(I )vent. 1 noticed that he
haul a m,rttmally roving eye fur the \vonmen, i\cither o1 them hacl
important tmtilit(rv SC( rots to nf!Cr. Bill haul served in the Army and
had 1)cen statione(I in 1:11r(1l)e; \I:u'k had peen 15 tar as ):tp:ui \vith
the l:.S. 1avy. R It Ii \\CrC mr\v in the resCr\Cs. Rut though this
meant they nligltt still have access tO claSSilieel training manuals,
I as n()I imtlrteSSCd 1y that-I (111111(1 obtain the same manuals by
nthcr 11tc:1115 \vith a Int less work.:\t d though loth omen were (,ollege
grade:utcs. 11Cithcr of mhcnm )vas by any means a genius \vho might be
tapped lits for his hrilliaut ideas.
\1\ interest in Rill and \I:u'k \\ras lased on more subtle attractions.
Onc of these )vas their stong fascia:pion for anything foreign. They
11(1111 seemed dccl,ly intigt,Cd 1)y the very idea of rtimuming into two
foreigners in \leml,IuiS. and they were extremely polite toward
(; Ilach :(tmcl mite. \\'hc11 they noticed that lit)' English )vas by no means
fluent, they tied to spc:tk situpl\' an(1 slo\\?ly to make sure that I
uliderSt()(1cl them. .\1)d thcv talked, over anti over, of their desire to
taycl 111(1 sec amore of time vorki.
"1'd give :urything," )lark said, "t1) get ba(k to Iapan. I was (ml\'
there for a fe\\ tnnnths. Rut I liked cycmvthing ahrntt. it--even the
food thc\? Cal. \'ou knn\v, the raw Gsh;
I told \I:u k than I had hecn to the Orient, too-to China, \vhere
it \\ras easier. I Cxpl:(iued, for Europeans to go than for Americans.
limentio11Cd a cnllectiou of ivory carvings \vhich I hacl made \vhile
was there.
"1):umtm it," said )lark, "I \'ish I'd done that. I saw those things in
1apatt but I ne\cr fought. one. 1'd like U, go hark just to (In that."
Rill c'hitnC(i in that he )vas anxious to see Europe again.
lihcy've got-I ntc:r1) 0U7'(' got." he said, pointing to Golach and
mine-"a lot mun-e ctdttn?e than \ve have in this darne(I cOtmt)'. You
know . . . nothing here is c(msidered fumy good unless its big and
loud and flashy. Rig cars. Rig ('ors, hell! They're 1'nchts. And you
can't p:uk them :ttmy\vhcre: yott gotta anchor tliem-you kno\v, drop
a fig honk in the water? :\rul ont? H(1II\'wood movies-all those big
fun'-lined hcdrnonts and those phony bl(m(les in the beds. E\?en the
1n'Cakh(st food has to ('1(1(1: l( and ro) or the kids \vOn't e:tt it..An(l
vote- hrcath has to smell nice (1r vote girl w(1n't kiss you. )'o(( don't
go for :Ill that stuff in 1:urupc. Maybe you don't have such good
plrnrthing as we do. ;\11(1 maybe you don't have SO much fun going
to the hntlnInu(n as WC (lo-all that soft tissue paper and everything`.
But, by God," he said, hanging his glass on the bar, 'you know how
to lie. You know how to er(joy life!''
Rill (Irai11e(l his glass to emphasise this point, and I ordered an-
other round Io confir11m his belief that we Europeans do indeed know
how to liyc. Rill :ttm(1 Mark had switched by now to st'aiCht Scotch
frnmm %lartinis, 1)111 Golach and 1 were being very careful. We were
sipping Scotch and water and letting the ice melt so we would not
consume ton 11111(11. M ti'k had a car, acid as we finished a routt(l
1 matte a proposition-if he and his friend would kindly show two
strangers the town. wC would be amore than happy to pick up the
check. It was a deal.
At one of the stops we made, a fairly fancy restaurant, we all had
dinner-the second one for Golach 111(1 come-just to keep the talk
going. My guests ordered the most expensive items on the menu.
This was another clue for tmtC, for 1 knew the type. I judged that
Bill :11m(I Mark each nra(1e about six thousan(I dollars a year. But their
appetite for food and chink and, their yearning for color and
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.Ica til'l' 1\ 'I'Ill? t1.S. -7.IR- to oh 13 x sr, Raskcrvi!Ie
ad~cntUrc in life wort' I> )I Ii tar out of prop(trti(n to their ability to
lot) for thou. Like a nuntl,cr of .\tncric alts I haul tact, Bill and Mark
wcrt' (lissatisfied with their lilt anti th0)ught they (Icservcd bettc-.
:\ud tilt') did n(tt scent it all sit)' a1)orIt disctISSittg this (on(lition
t?itlu st'atigers.
' (iII %C gut to he rich in this (hint') to really enjoy life,.. i11atk
s;till, "I>ttt )?utt'\e gut to 1)c dishonest t t get rich. You've gut 1(1 make
big deals to get ahead, but )(tn ttave to !c a 1)0)55 to nl;tke big deals.
.lid vuu have to (111111) nr'rr e~eryhu(l)' to he ;i 1)(155. \\'hat a
svstcni!..
Ilx)tiohe(l fur the I)artCllder to set ill) a IICw round. \\'hilc he
was (lilt of c:ishot. I susgrstc(l-v(ry tcntaticcl)-that the Soviet
toni0)n seemed to think it had a system which did away whit all this
ultf:tirness anti which ga ve cnrr\'An(ly an equal chance. I shade it
(IO:u' that I tliil nut ne(e55;U ily believe :ill the pi tg:nttla that the
Soviets put (tilt, 1)111 that uctyl)C they hall suntcthing.
\I:uk said, after waiting Iur the 1)11'tcn(lcr to g(t In the
(ash register with Ili) tnonev. "Iltavhc they do. \\'1)o kn(tws' :Vl we
know is ~vltat we read in tilt ltpt'rs. Rut the guvs who rnVIl the
h'al'(is ;0)'c rich, and !!try's r got axes to grind. file)' want to hold
unto what thcv'vc got ;uxl sell their advcrtising space to the other
rich teen. I wOuldn't trust their view of the world. I'd just like t0) got
see Russia anti figure it out foot' tttyscll.''
:UI four of 115 \v0rc' (fillet for a tnotncnt? ant! I was anxitti,s to
change the subject. "l'Itis u(as hot the time 0)r l>lact' fur l>rusclyt.iring.
I etas joist about to \vondcr (tilt 1(1(1(1 it it was raining again when
Rill intet'ru1>tcd.
"l,o)Ok," he said. rlo(I(ling his head hc,vily an(I nx)ving an empty
glass hack ant! forth across the 1):u, "I don't think n> ~'l,oo!1 0)ught
to s;tv th:it llussia h:is Ilie idc;t that's grand l i t'vcryhody. I'm 111
:\nacri(;0)t. ;\n(I it I haul to light for the goo11 11111 t1.S.. atain.sl
Russia, by Gnol l'd light. In la(t, 1111 pretty sure the Russians (Ion'!
have :11ivthing t0) 0)110r its. \\'t' l>tohahly don't have amthing to offer
Iltrrn, t'ithcr. \Verse pretty t0)(!-(I:nru11c?d (lifft'reht hot(( etc h other.
Rut I agree uvith \taik, hiv fricnol here. !'d like to sec Russia, too.
I'm pretty (lantned tire(! of h;tying other l,cul,le 0)1;ikc up thy mind
fur one.''
It avas nearly htidiiight linty, ;uxl 1 decided to l Teak Ill) the t1ty
:111(! hc:ril back to thc? hotel with Coat h. 'I'bis was our first meeting
with two rather e nilns0d v0)ung 111(11. 111(1 I did not want to hush
t1)( coutad?t ton hit'. lint I !vas 1ve11 satisfied whit what 1 haol Ica-hccl.
1 espe(ially likcol their r(ni;u'ks ahuttt going to Russia. II it (uuld
I,e arrahg0d, the' would get a fine gtiiolecl tour ;uid sec everything
\vt' want('( than to see--:thd nothing molt'. '1?hcy wouloI sec Russia,
t he shin pla(c.
Rcfnrc (ce I,:0) tcul (:o ;io h and 1 got hill's and \lal k's full nantcs
anti acl(hcsses. l hcii we ~vcnt to the ouch's 10)(0111 aril c:n'cfull ' (lis-
I'ihutcd this iIlfnrnrttiun through our lutes in hits ;utcl pieces s(t
tilt) woulol Intl make sense to ;inCOne else if out, motes got Inst. It
would Have hccn a 51(I waste 0)l an evening il? w0 had luttntl two
likely recruits only to give than ;i ;n? to the PRI Defuse sve ever
h;t:l :t chance to use thou. I also heft the 0)v;n? ((1)011 fur us to cunt:(( t
thcho ;io iin. I told \i:u'k I would bring hitti ,to ivory carving the
next tune 1 (ante thro11g11 \IOIltphis-nr that I might send it t(t hint
in (110 (tf a friend. 1 did nut natlte Ihi( Iricnd. 'I his '(lido! d0pch(f
0)n who \\';i saw-0)r \lotso 0)w-might want to 5(11(1 to \Icttl)his to
loon, through. "Pile ;Using would serve as an intudtaction. \l:uk
(vas vets l>Icased it the I,rnspc(t.
1hat' was the last I ever saw 0)l Ri11 ant) \1;0)'k. \Ientl>his was too
far from \\'ashingtnn l()1 m0 to handle their cast Iliyse11. (:r0)oIlting
;(11(1 guiding thcrlt into our servi(c tvollll have taketi IlU,hths of
patient work. I did file a complete report to \\':irsaw to them, in-
(ludiog their names ;uul ;t(l(Ir(sscs, a full -uh-00)%11 o t our (0hver-
atiou an(I nn? own recrnntnett(lations a5 to how they might he used.
Thcv were of no ';dote tot Us in a li11ancc (0Ili1)any in Memphis.
Bon if we could somehow satisl~ their longing fur travel-h)' arr tlg-
nog a Pcrsunal loan or a Polish governnoent jlniket-they would he
in our personal debt anel (in the hook. "Then, as trusted friends, we
w(tul(I t)' to guide their futures and steer then( into new jobs-a
govcrhmcttt 1)051, a scientific institution or an industry with mili-
tary contracts-where they (?0111(1 he of real use to us. We would he
extremely careful never to let them know who we really were or
whom we represented. A11(1 they would never realise that they were
agents of Conuuunisnt. The) would never he ccskrd to betray their
untnti'y. "They would sirnl)ly reru:tin innn('ent dupes, helping its
to ad(1 a few more pieces to our mosaic. When 1 made out my ex-
pense account. in \Vashington for that evening in iMentphis, how-
ever, I consiolered the forty or lilty dollars it had cost I'oland to
get two new nantcs on the list well worth the expense.
A few ntnnths after Illy trip to Mctnpltis, the Polish vice-consul,
Mr. Zenon 1'iekarck-who was actually a lieutenant colonel in the
U.R.-canto to my office and said he had been or(lered to go there
himself. He asked tote a few (l nestiohs ahout the city but he hehavctl
very rttysteriuusly. It was only after 1 had pinned hint dowit,,atul he
had sworn one to secrecy, that Piekarek adolitted his mission was to
contact two young nten there in whrnu Warsaw had expressed in-
terest. I-Ic wotahl not tell Ilte their names, but I was sure they were
Rill and Mark. My drinking connpaninns were now in the U.B.'s
hands.
Recruiting agents in a foreign land is otie of the most difficult
jobs :oty agent can have. One had slip can Ilte;hi exposure and arrest
or expulsion front the country. "There are no short cuts or easy
solutions. There are 1)0) obvious places in which to look. There are
no specilic types to look for. Searching for recruits is a little like
fishing. It. reeluires t?eruendous patience. A than may cast his hook
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
5o SPY IN THE U.S. -745- -o on -3 x 2r, Baskerville
in (la-?k, (luiet waters two hundred times in a row without ever get-
ting a nibble. But then, if lie (toes not give up and casts just one
more time, he may get a bite.
The best. bait for luring recruits is money. Some candidates re-
spond well to more idealistic approaches-like appeals to peace,
disarmament, love of the masses and so on. But idealism can vanish
quickly in times of stress and changing conditions-or if the game
gets rough. If a man has been hooked by money, however-and is
literally in Communism's (lebt-he is much less likely to get away.
In my safe at the annex I kept from four to five thousand dollars
on hand at all times, as a special sinking fund for baiting our hooks.
The season lasted all year. Every day, wherever I went, I checked
Hil the streams I could find for promising ripples.. i met many peo-
ple at private parties and official functions. I talked to them in post
offices an(1 bars, on trains and in air-line terminals, in quiet parks
and on hustling streets. Every time I met. someone for the first time
i found myself wondering-" CArttlct this person be useful It hecame
such an obsession with me-ancl such an automatic reaction-that I
actually began to hate myself for it. i had friends and acquaintances
in Washington-among the Americans, especially-whom i wool'l
never have thought of trying to recruit. But. even when I saw one of
these people the annoying thought crossed my mind--"Peru, n~
he has a friend who might be useful."
e
\\re all did this. Even some of our wives helped out. now and ttv'r
as a hobby and would tell us when we came home at. night ahrnir
possible contact they had discovered during the day. Mrs. Cics}a"
Tanana, for exaniple, whose Iiusband was my air assistant, often
spent her afternoons in a small park near \Vyominand Conncct-
cut Avenues. One day, while out getting sonic air, she struck up a
conversation there with a lady who had a pronotmcecl accent an'
who told her she hacl come from Argentina. That night 1vIrs
T:-nana ntentionecl the incident to her husband, and he imme-li-
ately asked if the lady's husband ever appeared with her. 1\Irs.
Tanana said that he sometimes showed up at the park after work to
pick tip his wife and children-and that he had a German accent.
A few clays later, I,ieutenant Colonel anci Mrs. Tanana went to
the park together. Ancl at five o'clock, when the German came to
meet his wife, she was already chatting with the Tananas. Tanana
intro(luce(1 himself as a Polish diplomat-without mentioning that
he was assigned to niy office. The man explained that lie had left
Germany for Argentina after World \Var 11 and had come to the
U.S. from there. Tanana was certain, since this fitted the pattern,
that he was an SS officer or a ranking Nazi who had fled German"
for his life. l'he Gcrnrin said he was now working in \Vashington
as a scientific adviser for a government agency which Tanana knew
(11(1 research in nuclear physics. The German, then, was a nrett"
big trout, an(t "Tanana was careful to pick the right lure.
As it turned out, the German and Tanana found a ~*ood deal to
talk about. Before the war the German's family had owned an
estate in Pomerania near the one-time German port of Stettin.
\fter the war the city was returned to Poland and renamed
Szczecin. This was just. the opening Tanana needed. The man had
once lived in an area which he could no longer visit because it now
belonged to us.
\\rc I(Ivisecl WarsaW of all this, and Z-2 told us to pay out more
line and take our time. Because of its location in the heart of Wash-
ington's diplomatic colony, we knew that the park where Tanana
first met the German was probably under FBI surveillance. But It
Ivas also full of governesses and perambulators and squealing hahies,
so I deci(lect to take a chance and let Tanana meet him there a few
more times before we started to reel in.
After a week or two the Tananas asked the German and his wife
to their apartment for dinner, an(1 later on the Tananas returned
the visit. The friendship grew, and after about a year the German
mentioned that he and his wife were going to West Germany for a
three-months' holiday. We advised \Varsaw of this, and Z-2 sug-
gested we try to persuade him to visit his family home near Szczecin
for old times' sake. 7_-2 said it would expedite visas for him and
would try to recruit him for us when he got inside Poland.
Tanana mentioned the idea of a side trip to his friend, but the
German turned it down.
"No," he said sadly, "I have no relatives left in Poland. It would
be like visiting a cemetery. I will stay in Germany where my
friends are."
He and his wife did go to Germany. And when they returned to
Washington, Tanana went to work on him again. I left the U.S. at
this time and returned to Warsaw, but from the reports I read out
of Washington I gathered that the friendship deepened to the point
where the German was talking rather freely about his work and that
Tanana was drawing him closer by loaning him money. The Ger-
man always repaid these loans promptly-he did not want to be
in anyone's debt. But Tanana had his friend's signature on several
IOU's, and the German-whether he knew it or not-was hooked.
In the fall of 1957 I got orders from Warsaw to recruit a new
agent in the Washington-Baltimore-Wilmington Philadelphia area.
Someone at Z-2 had apparently taken a look at the map and decided
there was a pin missing.
I split the assignment up among my assistants, and they went to
work immediately. Because of its location I chose Baltimore as our
main target and assigned it to Captain Golach. I paid special at-
tention to his search. Golach and I held conferences at frequent
intervals in my office to discuss the progress he was making. The
going was slow and Golach became very discouraged. Then one
morning he came in with a broad smile on his face.
"Colonel," he reported, "I think I have a nibble."
"Sit down," I said. "Who is it. and how did you find him
"Well;" Golach said, settling down nervously on the couch, "he's
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
5o SPY IN THE U.S. -745- -o on -3 x 2r, Baskerville
in (la-?k, (luiet waters two hundred times in a row without ever get-
ting a nibble. But then, if lie (toes not give up and casts just one
more time, he may get a bite.
The best. bait for luring recruits is money. Some candidates re-
spond well to more idealistic approaches-like appeals to peace,
disarmament, love of the masses and so on. But idealism can vanish
quickly in times of stress and changing conditions-or if the game
gets rough. If a man has been hooked by money, however-and is
literally in Communism's (lebt-he is much less likely to get away.
In my safe at the annex I kept from four to five thousand dollars
on hand at all times, as a special sinking fund for baiting our hooks.
The season lasted all year. Every day, wherever I went, I checked
Hil the streams I could find for promising ripples.. i met many peo-
ple at private parties and official functions. I talked to them in post
offices an(1 bars, on trains and in air-line terminals, in quiet parks
and on hustling streets. Every time I met. someone for the first time
i found myself wondering-" CArttlct this person be useful It hecame
such an obsession with me-ancl such an automatic reaction-that I
actually began to hate myself for it. i had friends and acquaintances
in Washington-among the Americans, especially-whom i wool'l
never have thought of trying to recruit. But. even when I saw one of
these people the annoying thought crossed my mind--"Peru, n~
he has a friend who might be useful."
e
\\re all did this. Even some of our wives helped out. now and ttv'r
as a hobby and would tell us when we came home at. night ahrnir
possible contact they had discovered during the day. Mrs. Cics}a"
Tanana, for exaniple, whose Iiusband was my air assistant, often
spent her afternoons in a small park near \Vyominand Conncct-
cut Avenues. One day, while out getting sonic air, she struck up a
conversation there with a lady who had a pronotmcecl accent an'
who told her she hacl come from Argentina. That night 1vIrs
T:-nana ntentionecl the incident to her husband, and he imme-li-
ately asked if the lady's husband ever appeared with her. 1\Irs.
Tanana said that he sometimes showed up at the park after work to
pick tip his wife and children-and that he had a German accent.
A few clays later, I,ieutenant Colonel anci Mrs. Tanana went to
the park together. Ancl at five o'clock, when the German came to
meet his wife, she was already chatting with the Tananas. Tanana
intro(luce(1 himself as a Polish diplomat-without mentioning that
he was assigned to niy office. The man explained that lie had left
Germany for Argentina after World \Var 11 and had come to the
U.S. from there. Tanana was certain, since this fitted the pattern,
that he was an SS officer or a ranking Nazi who had fled German"
for his life. l'he Gcrnrin said he was now working in \Vashington
as a scientific adviser for a government agency which Tanana knew
(11(1 research in nuclear physics. The German, then, was a nrett"
big trout, an(t "Tanana was careful to pick the right lure.
As it turned out, the German and Tanana found a ~*ood deal to
talk about. Before the war the German's family had owned an
estate in Pomerania near the one-time German port of Stettin.
\fter the war the city was returned to Poland and renamed
Szczecin. This was just. the opening Tanana needed. The man had
once lived in an area which he could no longer visit because it now
belonged to us.
\\rc I(Ivisecl WarsaW of all this, and Z-2 told us to pay out more
line and take our time. Because of its location in the heart of Wash-
ington's diplomatic colony, we knew that the park where Tanana
first met the German was probably under FBI surveillance. But It
Ivas also full of governesses and perambulators and squealing hahies,
so I deci(lect to take a chance and let Tanana meet him there a few
more times before we started to reel in.
After a week or two the Tananas asked the German and his wife
to their apartment for dinner, an(1 later on the Tananas returned
the visit. The friendship grew, and after about a year the German
mentioned that he and his wife were going to West Germany for a
three-months' holiday. We advised \Varsaw of this, and Z-2 sug-
gested we try to persuade him to visit his family home near Szczecin
for old times' sake. 7_-2 said it would expedite visas for him and
would try to recruit him for us when he got inside Poland.
Tanana mentioned the idea of a side trip to his friend, but the
German turned it down.
"No," he said sadly, "I have no relatives left in Poland. It would
be like visiting a cemetery. I will stay in Germany where my
friends are."
He and his wife did go to Germany. And when they returned to
Washington, Tanana went to work on him again. I left the U.S. at
this time and returned to Warsaw, but from the reports I read out
of Washington I gathered that the friendship deepened to the point
where the German was talking rather freely about his work and that
Tanana was drawing him closer by loaning him money. The Ger-
man always repaid these loans promptly-he did not want to be
in anyone's debt. But Tanana had his friend's signature on several
IOU's, and the German-whether he knew it or not-was hooked.
In the fall of 1957 I got orders from Warsaw to recruit a new
agent in the Washington-Baltimore-Wilmington Philadelphia area.
Someone at Z-2 had apparently taken a look at the map and decided
there was a pin missing.
I split the assignment up among my assistants, and they went to
work immediately. Because of its location I chose Baltimore as our
main target and assigned it to Captain Golach. I paid special at-
tention to his search. Golach and I held conferences at frequent
intervals in my office to discuss the progress he was making. The
going was slow and Golach became very discouraged. Then one
morning he came in with a broad smile on his face.
"Colonel," he reported, "I think I have a nibble."
"Sit down," I said. "Who is it. and how did you find him
"Well;" Golach said, settling down nervously on the couch, "he's
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
5o SPY IN THE U.S. -745- -o on -3 x 2r, Baskerville
in (la-?k, (luiet waters two hundred times in a row without ever get-
ting a nibble. But then, if lie (toes not give up and casts just one
more time, he may get a bite.
The best. bait for luring recruits is money. Some candidates re-
spond well to more idealistic approaches-like appeals to peace,
disarmament, love of the masses and so on. But idealism can vanish
quickly in times of stress and changing conditions-or if the game
gets rough. If a man has been hooked by money, however-and is
literally in Communism's (lebt-he is much less likely to get away.
In my safe at the annex I kept from four to five thousand dollars
on hand at all times, as a special sinking fund for baiting our hooks.
The season lasted all year. Every day, wherever I went, I checked
Hil the streams I could find for promising ripples.. i met many peo-
ple at private parties and official functions. I talked to them in post
offices an(1 bars, on trains and in air-line terminals, in quiet parks
and on hustling streets. Every time I met. someone for the first time
i found myself wondering-" CArttlct this person be useful It hecame
such an obsession with me-ancl such an automatic reaction-that I
actually began to hate myself for it. i had friends and acquaintances
in Washington-among the Americans, especially-whom i wool'l
never have thought of trying to recruit. But. even when I saw one of
these people the annoying thought crossed my mind--"Peru, n~
he has a friend who might be useful."
e
\\re all did this. Even some of our wives helped out. now and ttv'r
as a hobby and would tell us when we came home at. night ahrnir
possible contact they had discovered during the day. Mrs. Cics}a"
Tanana, for exaniple, whose Iiusband was my air assistant, often
spent her afternoons in a small park near \Vyominand Conncct-
cut Avenues. One day, while out getting sonic air, she struck up a
conversation there with a lady who had a pronotmcecl accent an'
who told her she hacl come from Argentina. That night 1vIrs
T:-nana ntentionecl the incident to her husband, and he imme-li-
ately asked if the lady's husband ever appeared with her. 1\Irs.
Tanana said that he sometimes showed up at the park after work to
pick tip his wife and children-and that he had a German accent.
A few clays later, I,ieutenant Colonel anci Mrs. Tanana went to
the park together. Ancl at five o'clock, when the German came to
meet his wife, she was already chatting with the Tananas. Tanana
intro(luce(1 himself as a Polish diplomat-without mentioning that
he was assigned to niy office. The man explained that lie had left
Germany for Argentina after World \Var 11 and had come to the
U.S. from there. Tanana was certain, since this fitted the pattern,
that he was an SS officer or a ranking Nazi who had fled German"
for his life. l'he Gcrnrin said he was now working in \Vashington
as a scientific adviser for a government agency which Tanana knew
(11(1 research in nuclear physics. The German, then, was a nrett"
big trout, an(t "Tanana was careful to pick the right lure.
As it turned out, the German and Tanana found a ~*ood deal to
talk about. Before the war the German's family had owned an
estate in Pomerania near the one-time German port of Stettin.
\fter the war the city was returned to Poland and renamed
Szczecin. This was just. the opening Tanana needed. The man had
once lived in an area which he could no longer visit because it now
belonged to us.
\\rc I(Ivisecl WarsaW of all this, and Z-2 told us to pay out more
line and take our time. Because of its location in the heart of Wash-
ington's diplomatic colony, we knew that the park where Tanana
first met the German was probably under FBI surveillance. But It
Ivas also full of governesses and perambulators and squealing hahies,
so I deci(lect to take a chance and let Tanana meet him there a few
more times before we started to reel in.
After a week or two the Tananas asked the German and his wife
to their apartment for dinner, an(1 later on the Tananas returned
the visit. The friendship grew, and after about a year the German
mentioned that he and his wife were going to West Germany for a
three-months' holiday. We advised \Varsaw of this, and Z-2 sug-
gested we try to persuade him to visit his family home near Szczecin
for old times' sake. 7_-2 said it would expedite visas for him and
would try to recruit him for us when he got inside Poland.
Tanana mentioned the idea of a side trip to his friend, but the
German turned it down.
"No," he said sadly, "I have no relatives left in Poland. It would
be like visiting a cemetery. I will stay in Germany where my
friends are."
He and his wife did go to Germany. And when they returned to
Washington, Tanana went to work on him again. I left the U.S. at
this time and returned to Warsaw, but from the reports I read out
of Washington I gathered that the friendship deepened to the point
where the German was talking rather freely about his work and that
Tanana was drawing him closer by loaning him money. The Ger-
man always repaid these loans promptly-he did not want to be
in anyone's debt. But Tanana had his friend's signature on several
IOU's, and the German-whether he knew it or not-was hooked.
In the fall of 1957 I got orders from Warsaw to recruit a new
agent in the Washington-Baltimore-Wilmington Philadelphia area.
Someone at Z-2 had apparently taken a look at the map and decided
there was a pin missing.
I split the assignment up among my assistants, and they went to
work immediately. Because of its location I chose Baltimore as our
main target and assigned it to Captain Golach. I paid special at-
tention to his search. Golach and I held conferences at frequent
intervals in my office to discuss the progress he was making. The
going was slow and Golach became very discouraged. Then one
morning he came in with a broad smile on his face.
"Colonel," he reported, "I think I have a nibble."
"Sit down," I said. "Who is it. and how did you find him
"Well;" Golach said, settling down nervously on the couch, "he's
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
53 SP\ IN THE U.S. -748- io (nt 13 x Baskervillc
Golach gave him one hundred (lollars. 1)anicl said he needed
three hunched, but Golach gave only another hunched. Golach got
an IOU lrotn Daniel and told him to write as soon as he got to
California-in care of a special post-office box which he had set tip
in Baltimore.
This was part of Golach's second big mistake-which was really a
triple header. I-Ic gave Daniel too much money: he neglected to ask
Daniel to show him the letter from his uncle promising hint a job:
and he failed to keep a leash on Daniel as he left. All of these mis-
takes were inexcusable. Golach should have thought up sonic kind
of pretext for going to California with Daniel-if indeed 1)anicl ever
went there-and helping him get settled. Failing that, he should at
least have warned Daniel in unmistakable terms that he would find
him wherever he went, and that it would be extremely dangerous
for Daniel to try to cheat him. Since I was responsible for Golach's
work, I was also responsible for his mistakes. But it never occurred
to me he would bungle the job so badly. By the time I found out, it
was too late.
It was humiliating to have to get back on the cable one more
time and admit to Warsaw that Danicl had apparently disappeared
with our two hundred dollars without leaving a trace. I assumed
that he became frightened when Golach pressed hint too hard, and
decided to run before he was trapped. He may have suspected that
Golach and Pluta were intelligence agents. But I did not think he
would report these suspicions to the FBI. His own behavior was
not exactly savory.
Considering the risks we took, it was a close call. I was relieved
to get out of it with nothing worse than a stern reprimand from
Warsaw. As T-2 was quick to point out, we had been extremely
careless. We had gone fishing and let a really hungry one get away.
12/
THE FABULOUS PROFESSOR-
AND A MATA HARI
Espionage is a spider web, and few flies who come near it ever get
away. Ancl the web stretches far. Though the United States is the
chief target of Communist espionage, not all of the activities di-
rected against the U.S. are carried on within her borders. The web,
taut and strong, is spun into every corner of the world where
Americans-or their friends-are likely to appear.
One of the most colorful spiders ever involved in Polish espionage
against the U.S. was a man we called "The Professor." He entered
the U.S. only once or twice-and then on brief forays. But he played
an important and fascinating role..\nd the preparations which went
into creating the role are typical of the elaborate lengths to which
the Communists will go to learn the \Vest's secrets-and trap its
flies.
We got to know The Professor in a strange way. Late one eve-
ning in 1951, when I was still stationed at intelligence headquarters
in Warsaw, the sentry at the front desk called to say that a stranger
had just arrived and asked to see any of our top officials. This was
not so easily done, of course. We had strong security measures at
the door, to keep strangers out. The Duty Officer told the sentry to
ask the visitor what he wanted.
"He won't talk to me," the sentry said. "He wants to see one of
the chiefs."
The chiefs were gone for the day, but the Duty Officer had the
stranger escorted inside to get his story. The man identified himself
as Pioter Wlazlo, a member of the Polish Foreign Trade Ministry.
He had information, he said, which he would give only to someone
in authority. The Duty Officer decided, after studying his creden-
tials, that Wlazo was on the level and arranged for him to meet
with the Deputy Chief of intelligence the next morning. When
Wlazo returned and was closeted with the Deputy Chief, he ex-
plained that he had just returned from a trade mission to West
Germany. While he was there, he said, he had made notes and
sneaked some pictures of various French, British and American
military installations. He thought they might be important and he
wanted us to have them.
Wlaz~o's report was well written. It did not contain anything very
new or valuable, but we were much impressed. Here was a, dignified,
good-looking and intelligent gentleman of about forty-five who
showed a real flair for intelligence work and who had gone to a
great deal of trouble to volunteer his services. We asked him about
his background.
W1azlo replied that he was born in Poland but had lived for
many years in France with his parents, who went there as emigres.
In 1936, he said, he went to Spain to fight with a group of Polish
volunteers for the Republican Army. When this army was defeated,
he returned to France, married a French girl and settled down.
When World War II began, he volunteered again-this time with
the French resistance groups-and, fought with them until he fled
with his wife to England. After the war, he said, he came to Warsaw,
joined the Communist party and got a job with the Foreign Trade
Ministry. He spoke good English, excellent French-with no accent
-and fluent Spanish.
The Deputy Chief thanked Wlazo for this information and told
him we would get in touch with him. Then we started checking into
his past and looking up his records. Secret police and counterintelli-
gence agents began to shadow him to determine who his friends
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
54 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- -o on 13 x zg Baskerville
were and the kind of life he led. His party record, we discovered,
was impeccable. There seemed to be no personal or political skele-
tons in his background.
We called Wlazlo back when all the returns were in and bluntly
offered him a job. As a staff member of the American section at
headquarters, I sat in on these discussions. We agreed that the best
assignment for such an enterprising man was intelligence work
against the U.S. But we decided, because of his proficiency in Span-
ish, to plant him next door to the U.S., in Mexico, where we knew
there was a good deal of anti-Yankee sentiment among the Intellec-
tuals and where he could he of more value to us. Wlazlo was agree-
able to this plan. The only request he made was that we allow his
wife to accompany him; he had no children. After a brief discussion,
we agreed.
Then began the process of training Wlazlo for his new career and
of getting him into position. Since we expected him to be a senior
and very valuable agent, the plans had to be drawn up with great
care. First we had to devise a good cover for him-or, in Polish, a
Legend, i matca. We decided he would play the role of a rich,
slightly eccentric professor, a scholar who liked to write as a hobby,
and who specialized in history. We had the Professor begin research-
ing and writing a book on Mexican-U.S. relations of the nineteenth
century. This, we knew, would bring him into contact with Mexican
intellectuals, and would give him a logical excuse for residing in
Mexico for a few years.
We also decided not to send the Professor to Mexico as a Pole-
which might have aroused suspicions and hampered his work-but
as a Frenchman. This meant we had to give him a new nationality.
Here, the special technical branch of 7_-a was put to work. This
skillful office, which is located on Wawelska Street in Warsaw, next
to Air Force headquarters, has a staff of about seventy expert crafts-
men working behind guarded doors, who can turn out all kinds of
fake espionage props from authentic-looking Florida drivers' licenses
and Guatemalan birth certificates to Finnish alien registration cards
and hotel stationery from Wilmington, North Carolina. The crafts-
men are incredibly exact in their work. In order to forge a passport
which will pass the most careful inspector, they must use paper, ink,
watermarks, seals and even signatures which exactly match the real
thing. They also develop tiny transistor radios and install miniature
cameras in such unlikely places as tobacco pouches and coat lapels.
And they once hollowed out a brick which the Polish attache in
Brussels had found loose in a wall, sent along to Warsaw to be hol-
lowed out by our professional brick hollowers, then replaced in the
wall as a secret drop.
The technical branch did an expert job of turning The Professor
into a convincing Frenchman. It began by forging passports for him
and his wife-along with a stack of other documents including birth
certificates, employment records, a marriage license and similar
forms which were identical in every respect to their French models.
Then, to illustrate The Professor's claim that he came from a
wealthy French family in southern France-when in reality he had
grown up in a working-class Polish family in northern France-we
presented him with an album of family portraits and snapshots
which dated back several generations and reconstructed a make-
believe family which had never existed. The album included group
pictures of The Professor posing with children he did not have and
an assortment of grandmothers, cousins and aunts who never lived-
at least not in Wlazto's family. These tricks were performed in the
technical branch by putting together fake photographs and clever
montages, each of which had to be posed against authentic back-
grounds, printed on authentic paper, mounted in authentic frames,
signed on the bottom with authentic-looking signatures of actual
photographers and then carefully aged, torn or wrinkled to make
them look authentically ancient. The Professor, of course, had to be
carefully briefed on who all these unauthentic people in the photo-
graphs were.
The next task was to make The Professor look, talk, behave and
seem like a scholar. %\Tlazfo was an intelligent man, and this feat
was not so difficult. But to give him more depth, we decided to pre-
tend that he had been delving into the culture of the Aztec Indians
before he got involved in Mexican-U.S. history, and had even writ-
ten a learned treatise on the subject. We actually wrote that treatise
in Warsaw-with Wlazfio joining in so he could answer questions
about it if the subject ever came up-and we even went to the
trouble of printing fake clippings from well-known newspapers com-
menting on the paper as a brilliant exercise in anthropology. To
top off this part of the project, we compiled a small personal library
for The Professor to take with him. It consisted of some learned
French volumes on Aztec lore and Mexican history, and The Pro-
fessor had to read every word of them.
All of this material-the passports, birth certificates, photograph
albums, treatises, clippings and library-made up what is known in
the espionage trade as an agent's "collection." It provided The Pro-
fessor with good camouflage and an aura of real authenticity. Put-
ting The Professor's collection together-and briefing him on how
to use it-took two years. But, with an important mission at stake,
we were in no hurry.
There was one final touch. The Professor we had designed was
also supposed to be eccentric. We decided that if he acted a bit
strangely he would be more likely to pass unnoticed in the circles
which we expected him to frequent. To accomplish this, we simply
gave him a small, shiny, well-rubbed pebble to carry in a vest
pocket. It was supposed to be a good-luck piece which he had found
on a beach in southern France at the moment he first saw his bride-
to-be. We told him to take the stone out once in a while, rub it
and show it to his new friends. We hoped it would convince them
that he was a gallant-and Gallic gentletnan.
The biggest problen- now was to get The Professor into Mexico.
Wes could hardly expect anyone to believe that a French professor-
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
54 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- -o on 13 x zg Baskerville
were and the kind of life he led. His party record, we discovered,
was impeccable. There seemed to be no personal or political skele-
tons in his background.
We called Wlazlo back when all the returns were in and bluntly
offered him a job. As a staff member of the American section at
headquarters, I sat in on these discussions. We agreed that the best
assignment for such an enterprising man was intelligence work
against the U.S. But we decided, because of his proficiency in Span-
ish, to plant him next door to the U.S., in Mexico, where we knew
there was a good deal of anti-Yankee sentiment among the Intellec-
tuals and where he could he of more value to us. Wlazlo was agree-
able to this plan. The only request he made was that we allow his
wife to accompany him; he had no children. After a brief discussion,
we agreed.
Then began the process of training Wlazlo for his new career and
of getting him into position. Since we expected him to be a senior
and very valuable agent, the plans had to be drawn up with great
care. First we had to devise a good cover for him-or, in Polish, a
Legend, i matca. We decided he would play the role of a rich,
slightly eccentric professor, a scholar who liked to write as a hobby,
and who specialized in history. We had the Professor begin research-
ing and writing a book on Mexican-U.S. relations of the nineteenth
century. This, we knew, would bring him into contact with Mexican
intellectuals, and would give him a logical excuse for residing in
Mexico for a few years.
We also decided not to send the Professor to Mexico as a Pole-
which might have aroused suspicions and hampered his work-but
as a Frenchman. This meant we had to give him a new nationality.
Here, the special technical branch of 7_-a was put to work. This
skillful office, which is located on Wawelska Street in Warsaw, next
to Air Force headquarters, has a staff of about seventy expert crafts-
men working behind guarded doors, who can turn out all kinds of
fake espionage props from authentic-looking Florida drivers' licenses
and Guatemalan birth certificates to Finnish alien registration cards
and hotel stationery from Wilmington, North Carolina. The crafts-
men are incredibly exact in their work. In order to forge a passport
which will pass the most careful inspector, they must use paper, ink,
watermarks, seals and even signatures which exactly match the real
thing. They also develop tiny transistor radios and install miniature
cameras in such unlikely places as tobacco pouches and coat lapels.
And they once hollowed out a brick which the Polish attache in
Brussels had found loose in a wall, sent along to Warsaw to be hol-
lowed out by our professional brick hollowers, then replaced in the
wall as a secret drop.
The technical branch did an expert job of turning The Professor
into a convincing Frenchman. It began by forging passports for him
and his wife-along with a stack of other documents including birth
certificates, employment records, a marriage license and similar
forms which were identical in every respect to their French models.
Then, to illustrate The Professor's claim that he came from a
wealthy French family in southern France-when in reality he had
grown up in a working-class Polish family in northern France-we
presented him with an album of family portraits and snapshots
which dated back several generations and reconstructed a make-
believe family which had never existed. The album included group
pictures of The Professor posing with children he did not have and
an assortment of grandmothers, cousins and aunts who never lived-
at least not in Wlazto's family. These tricks were performed in the
technical branch by putting together fake photographs and clever
montages, each of which had to be posed against authentic back-
grounds, printed on authentic paper, mounted in authentic frames,
signed on the bottom with authentic-looking signatures of actual
photographers and then carefully aged, torn or wrinkled to make
them look authentically ancient. The Professor, of course, had to be
carefully briefed on who all these unauthentic people in the photo-
graphs were.
The next task was to make The Professor look, talk, behave and
seem like a scholar. %\Tlazfo was an intelligent man, and this feat
was not so difficult. But to give him more depth, we decided to pre-
tend that he had been delving into the culture of the Aztec Indians
before he got involved in Mexican-U.S. history, and had even writ-
ten a learned treatise on the subject. We actually wrote that treatise
in Warsaw-with Wlazfio joining in so he could answer questions
about it if the subject ever came up-and we even went to the
trouble of printing fake clippings from well-known newspapers com-
menting on the paper as a brilliant exercise in anthropology. To
top off this part of the project, we compiled a small personal library
for The Professor to take with him. It consisted of some learned
French volumes on Aztec lore and Mexican history, and The Pro-
fessor had to read every word of them.
All of this material-the passports, birth certificates, photograph
albums, treatises, clippings and library-made up what is known in
the espionage trade as an agent's "collection." It provided The Pro-
fessor with good camouflage and an aura of real authenticity. Put-
ting The Professor's collection together-and briefing him on how
to use it-took two years. But, with an important mission at stake,
we were in no hurry.
There was one final touch. The Professor we had designed was
also supposed to be eccentric. We decided that if he acted a bit
strangely he would be more likely to pass unnoticed in the circles
which we expected him to frequent. To accomplish this, we simply
gave him a small, shiny, well-rubbed pebble to carry in a vest
pocket. It was supposed to be a good-luck piece which he had found
on a beach in southern France at the moment he first saw his bride-
to-be. We told him to take the stone out once in a while, rub it
and show it to his new friends. We hoped it would convince them
that he was a gallant-and Gallic gentletnan.
The biggest problen- now was to get The Professor into Mexico.
Wes could hardly expect anyone to believe that a French professor-
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
54 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- -o on 13 x zg Baskerville
were and the kind of life he led. His party record, we discovered,
was impeccable. There seemed to be no personal or political skele-
tons in his background.
We called Wlazlo back when all the returns were in and bluntly
offered him a job. As a staff member of the American section at
headquarters, I sat in on these discussions. We agreed that the best
assignment for such an enterprising man was intelligence work
against the U.S. But we decided, because of his proficiency in Span-
ish, to plant him next door to the U.S., in Mexico, where we knew
there was a good deal of anti-Yankee sentiment among the Intellec-
tuals and where he could he of more value to us. Wlazlo was agree-
able to this plan. The only request he made was that we allow his
wife to accompany him; he had no children. After a brief discussion,
we agreed.
Then began the process of training Wlazlo for his new career and
of getting him into position. Since we expected him to be a senior
and very valuable agent, the plans had to be drawn up with great
care. First we had to devise a good cover for him-or, in Polish, a
Legend, i matca. We decided he would play the role of a rich,
slightly eccentric professor, a scholar who liked to write as a hobby,
and who specialized in history. We had the Professor begin research-
ing and writing a book on Mexican-U.S. relations of the nineteenth
century. This, we knew, would bring him into contact with Mexican
intellectuals, and would give him a logical excuse for residing in
Mexico for a few years.
We also decided not to send the Professor to Mexico as a Pole-
which might have aroused suspicions and hampered his work-but
as a Frenchman. This meant we had to give him a new nationality.
Here, the special technical branch of 7_-a was put to work. This
skillful office, which is located on Wawelska Street in Warsaw, next
to Air Force headquarters, has a staff of about seventy expert crafts-
men working behind guarded doors, who can turn out all kinds of
fake espionage props from authentic-looking Florida drivers' licenses
and Guatemalan birth certificates to Finnish alien registration cards
and hotel stationery from Wilmington, North Carolina. The crafts-
men are incredibly exact in their work. In order to forge a passport
which will pass the most careful inspector, they must use paper, ink,
watermarks, seals and even signatures which exactly match the real
thing. They also develop tiny transistor radios and install miniature
cameras in such unlikely places as tobacco pouches and coat lapels.
And they once hollowed out a brick which the Polish attache in
Brussels had found loose in a wall, sent along to Warsaw to be hol-
lowed out by our professional brick hollowers, then replaced in the
wall as a secret drop.
The technical branch did an expert job of turning The Professor
into a convincing Frenchman. It began by forging passports for him
and his wife-along with a stack of other documents including birth
certificates, employment records, a marriage license and similar
forms which were identical in every respect to their French models.
Then, to illustrate The Professor's claim that he came from a
wealthy French family in southern France-when in reality he had
grown up in a working-class Polish family in northern France-we
presented him with an album of family portraits and snapshots
which dated back several generations and reconstructed a make-
believe family which had never existed. The album included group
pictures of The Professor posing with children he did not have and
an assortment of grandmothers, cousins and aunts who never lived-
at least not in Wlazto's family. These tricks were performed in the
technical branch by putting together fake photographs and clever
montages, each of which had to be posed against authentic back-
grounds, printed on authentic paper, mounted in authentic frames,
signed on the bottom with authentic-looking signatures of actual
photographers and then carefully aged, torn or wrinkled to make
them look authentically ancient. The Professor, of course, had to be
carefully briefed on who all these unauthentic people in the photo-
graphs were.
The next task was to make The Professor look, talk, behave and
seem like a scholar. %\Tlazfo was an intelligent man, and this feat
was not so difficult. But to give him more depth, we decided to pre-
tend that he had been delving into the culture of the Aztec Indians
before he got involved in Mexican-U.S. history, and had even writ-
ten a learned treatise on the subject. We actually wrote that treatise
in Warsaw-with Wlazfio joining in so he could answer questions
about it if the subject ever came up-and we even went to the
trouble of printing fake clippings from well-known newspapers com-
menting on the paper as a brilliant exercise in anthropology. To
top off this part of the project, we compiled a small personal library
for The Professor to take with him. It consisted of some learned
French volumes on Aztec lore and Mexican history, and The Pro-
fessor had to read every word of them.
All of this material-the passports, birth certificates, photograph
albums, treatises, clippings and library-made up what is known in
the espionage trade as an agent's "collection." It provided The Pro-
fessor with good camouflage and an aura of real authenticity. Put-
ting The Professor's collection together-and briefing him on how
to use it-took two years. But, with an important mission at stake,
we were in no hurry.
There was one final touch. The Professor we had designed was
also supposed to be eccentric. We decided that if he acted a bit
strangely he would be more likely to pass unnoticed in the circles
which we expected him to frequent. To accomplish this, we simply
gave him a small, shiny, well-rubbed pebble to carry in a vest
pocket. It was supposed to be a good-luck piece which he had found
on a beach in southern France at the moment he first saw his bride-
to-be. We told him to take the stone out once in a while, rub it
and show it to his new friends. We hoped it would convince them
that he was a gallant-and Gallic gentletnan.
The biggest problen- now was to get The Professor into Mexico.
Wes could hardly expect anyone to believe that a French professor-
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
54 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- -o on 13 x zg Baskerville
were and the kind of life he led. His party record, we discovered,
was impeccable. There seemed to be no personal or political skele-
tons in his background.
We called Wlazlo back when all the returns were in and bluntly
offered him a job. As a staff member of the American section at
headquarters, I sat in on these discussions. We agreed that the best
assignment for such an enterprising man was intelligence work
against the U.S. But we decided, because of his proficiency in Span-
ish, to plant him next door to the U.S., in Mexico, where we knew
there was a good deal of anti-Yankee sentiment among the Intellec-
tuals and where he could he of more value to us. Wlazlo was agree-
able to this plan. The only request he made was that we allow his
wife to accompany him; he had no children. After a brief discussion,
we agreed.
Then began the process of training Wlazlo for his new career and
of getting him into position. Since we expected him to be a senior
and very valuable agent, the plans had to be drawn up with great
care. First we had to devise a good cover for him-or, in Polish, a
Legend, i matca. We decided he would play the role of a rich,
slightly eccentric professor, a scholar who liked to write as a hobby,
and who specialized in history. We had the Professor begin research-
ing and writing a book on Mexican-U.S. relations of the nineteenth
century. This, we knew, would bring him into contact with Mexican
intellectuals, and would give him a logical excuse for residing in
Mexico for a few years.
We also decided not to send the Professor to Mexico as a Pole-
which might have aroused suspicions and hampered his work-but
as a Frenchman. This meant we had to give him a new nationality.
Here, the special technical branch of 7_-a was put to work. This
skillful office, which is located on Wawelska Street in Warsaw, next
to Air Force headquarters, has a staff of about seventy expert crafts-
men working behind guarded doors, who can turn out all kinds of
fake espionage props from authentic-looking Florida drivers' licenses
and Guatemalan birth certificates to Finnish alien registration cards
and hotel stationery from Wilmington, North Carolina. The crafts-
men are incredibly exact in their work. In order to forge a passport
which will pass the most careful inspector, they must use paper, ink,
watermarks, seals and even signatures which exactly match the real
thing. They also develop tiny transistor radios and install miniature
cameras in such unlikely places as tobacco pouches and coat lapels.
And they once hollowed out a brick which the Polish attache in
Brussels had found loose in a wall, sent along to Warsaw to be hol-
lowed out by our professional brick hollowers, then replaced in the
wall as a secret drop.
The technical branch did an expert job of turning The Professor
into a convincing Frenchman. It began by forging passports for him
and his wife-along with a stack of other documents including birth
certificates, employment records, a marriage license and similar
forms which were identical in every respect to their French models.
Then, to illustrate The Professor's claim that he came from a
wealthy French family in southern France-when in reality he had
grown up in a working-class Polish family in northern France-we
presented him with an album of family portraits and snapshots
which dated back several generations and reconstructed a make-
believe family which had never existed. The album included group
pictures of The Professor posing with children he did not have and
an assortment of grandmothers, cousins and aunts who never lived-
at least not in Wlazto's family. These tricks were performed in the
technical branch by putting together fake photographs and clever
montages, each of which had to be posed against authentic back-
grounds, printed on authentic paper, mounted in authentic frames,
signed on the bottom with authentic-looking signatures of actual
photographers and then carefully aged, torn or wrinkled to make
them look authentically ancient. The Professor, of course, had to be
carefully briefed on who all these unauthentic people in the photo-
graphs were.
The next task was to make The Professor look, talk, behave and
seem like a scholar. %\Tlazfo was an intelligent man, and this feat
was not so difficult. But to give him more depth, we decided to pre-
tend that he had been delving into the culture of the Aztec Indians
before he got involved in Mexican-U.S. history, and had even writ-
ten a learned treatise on the subject. We actually wrote that treatise
in Warsaw-with Wlazfio joining in so he could answer questions
about it if the subject ever came up-and we even went to the
trouble of printing fake clippings from well-known newspapers com-
menting on the paper as a brilliant exercise in anthropology. To
top off this part of the project, we compiled a small personal library
for The Professor to take with him. It consisted of some learned
French volumes on Aztec lore and Mexican history, and The Pro-
fessor had to read every word of them.
All of this material-the passports, birth certificates, photograph
albums, treatises, clippings and library-made up what is known in
the espionage trade as an agent's "collection." It provided The Pro-
fessor with good camouflage and an aura of real authenticity. Put-
ting The Professor's collection together-and briefing him on how
to use it-took two years. But, with an important mission at stake,
we were in no hurry.
There was one final touch. The Professor we had designed was
also supposed to be eccentric. We decided that if he acted a bit
strangely he would be more likely to pass unnoticed in the circles
which we expected him to frequent. To accomplish this, we simply
gave him a small, shiny, well-rubbed pebble to carry in a vest
pocket. It was supposed to be a good-luck piece which he had found
on a beach in southern France at the moment he first saw his bride-
to-be. We told him to take the stone out once in a while, rub it
and show it to his new friends. We hoped it would convince them
that he was a gallant-and Gallic gentletnan.
The biggest problen- now was to get The Professor into Mexico.
Wes could hardly expect anyone to believe that a French professor-
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
54 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- -o on 13 x zg Baskerville
were and the kind of life he led. His party record, we discovered,
was impeccable. There seemed to be no personal or political skele-
tons in his background.
We called Wlazlo back when all the returns were in and bluntly
offered him a job. As a staff member of the American section at
headquarters, I sat in on these discussions. We agreed that the best
assignment for such an enterprising man was intelligence work
against the U.S. But we decided, because of his proficiency in Span-
ish, to plant him next door to the U.S., in Mexico, where we knew
there was a good deal of anti-Yankee sentiment among the Intellec-
tuals and where he could he of more value to us. Wlazlo was agree-
able to this plan. The only request he made was that we allow his
wife to accompany him; he had no children. After a brief discussion,
we agreed.
Then began the process of training Wlazlo for his new career and
of getting him into position. Since we expected him to be a senior
and very valuable agent, the plans had to be drawn up with great
care. First we had to devise a good cover for him-or, in Polish, a
Legend, i matca. We decided he would play the role of a rich,
slightly eccentric professor, a scholar who liked to write as a hobby,
and who specialized in history. We had the Professor begin research-
ing and writing a book on Mexican-U.S. relations of the nineteenth
century. This, we knew, would bring him into contact with Mexican
intellectuals, and would give him a logical excuse for residing in
Mexico for a few years.
We also decided not to send the Professor to Mexico as a Pole-
which might have aroused suspicions and hampered his work-but
as a Frenchman. This meant we had to give him a new nationality.
Here, the special technical branch of 7_-a was put to work. This
skillful office, which is located on Wawelska Street in Warsaw, next
to Air Force headquarters, has a staff of about seventy expert crafts-
men working behind guarded doors, who can turn out all kinds of
fake espionage props from authentic-looking Florida drivers' licenses
and Guatemalan birth certificates to Finnish alien registration cards
and hotel stationery from Wilmington, North Carolina. The crafts-
men are incredibly exact in their work. In order to forge a passport
which will pass the most careful inspector, they must use paper, ink,
watermarks, seals and even signatures which exactly match the real
thing. They also develop tiny transistor radios and install miniature
cameras in such unlikely places as tobacco pouches and coat lapels.
And they once hollowed out a brick which the Polish attache in
Brussels had found loose in a wall, sent along to Warsaw to be hol-
lowed out by our professional brick hollowers, then replaced in the
wall as a secret drop.
The technical branch did an expert job of turning The Professor
into a convincing Frenchman. It began by forging passports for him
and his wife-along with a stack of other documents including birth
certificates, employment records, a marriage license and similar
forms which were identical in every respect to their French models.
Then, to illustrate The Professor's claim that he came from a
wealthy French family in southern France-when in reality he had
grown up in a working-class Polish family in northern France-we
presented him with an album of family portraits and snapshots
which dated back several generations and reconstructed a make-
believe family which had never existed. The album included group
pictures of The Professor posing with children he did not have and
an assortment of grandmothers, cousins and aunts who never lived-
at least not in Wlazto's family. These tricks were performed in the
technical branch by putting together fake photographs and clever
montages, each of which had to be posed against authentic back-
grounds, printed on authentic paper, mounted in authentic frames,
signed on the bottom with authentic-looking signatures of actual
photographers and then carefully aged, torn or wrinkled to make
them look authentically ancient. The Professor, of course, had to be
carefully briefed on who all these unauthentic people in the photo-
graphs were.
The next task was to make The Professor look, talk, behave and
seem like a scholar. %\Tlazfo was an intelligent man, and this feat
was not so difficult. But to give him more depth, we decided to pre-
tend that he had been delving into the culture of the Aztec Indians
before he got involved in Mexican-U.S. history, and had even writ-
ten a learned treatise on the subject. We actually wrote that treatise
in Warsaw-with Wlazfio joining in so he could answer questions
about it if the subject ever came up-and we even went to the
trouble of printing fake clippings from well-known newspapers com-
menting on the paper as a brilliant exercise in anthropology. To
top off this part of the project, we compiled a small personal library
for The Professor to take with him. It consisted of some learned
French volumes on Aztec lore and Mexican history, and The Pro-
fessor had to read every word of them.
All of this material-the passports, birth certificates, photograph
albums, treatises, clippings and library-made up what is known in
the espionage trade as an agent's "collection." It provided The Pro-
fessor with good camouflage and an aura of real authenticity. Put-
ting The Professor's collection together-and briefing him on how
to use it-took two years. But, with an important mission at stake,
we were in no hurry.
There was one final touch. The Professor we had designed was
also supposed to be eccentric. We decided that if he acted a bit
strangely he would be more likely to pass unnoticed in the circles
which we expected him to frequent. To accomplish this, we simply
gave him a small, shiny, well-rubbed pebble to carry in a vest
pocket. It was supposed to be a good-luck piece which he had found
on a beach in southern France at the moment he first saw his bride-
to-be. We told him to take the stone out once in a while, rub it
and show it to his new friends. We hoped it would convince them
that he was a gallant-and Gallic gentletnan.
The biggest problen- now was to get The Professor into Mexico.
Wes could hardly expect anyone to believe that a French professor-
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
54 SPY IN THE U.S. -748- -o on 13 x zg Baskerville
were and the kind of life he led. His party record, we discovered,
was impeccable. There seemed to be no personal or political skele-
tons in his background.
We called Wlazlo back when all the returns were in and bluntly
offered him a job. As a staff member of the American section at
headquarters, I sat in on these discussions. We agreed that the best
assignment for such an enterprising man was intelligence work
against the U.S. But we decided, because of his proficiency in Span-
ish, to plant him next door to the U.S., in Mexico, where we knew
there was a good deal of anti-Yankee sentiment among the Intellec-
tuals and where he could he of more value to us. Wlazlo was agree-
able to this plan. The only request he made was that we allow his
wife to accompany him; he had no children. After a brief discussion,
we agreed.
Then began the process of training Wlazlo for his new career and
of getting him into position. Since we expected him to be a senior
and very valuable agent, the plans had to be drawn up with great
care. First we had to devise a good cover for him-or, in Polish, a
Legend, i matca. We decided he would play the role of a rich,
slightly eccentric professor, a scholar who liked to write as a hobby,
and who specialized in history. We had the Professor begin research-
ing and writing a book on Mexican-U.S. relations of the nineteenth
century. This, we knew, would bring him into contact with Mexican
intellectuals, and would give him a logical excuse for residing in
Mexico for a few years.
We also decided not to send the Professor to Mexico as a Pole-
which might have aroused suspicions and hampered his work-but
as a Frenchman. This meant we had to give him a new nationality.
Here, the special technical branch of 7_-a was put to work. This
skillful office, which is located on Wawelska Street in Warsaw, next
to Air Force headquarters, has a staff of about seventy expert crafts-
men working behind guarded doors, who can turn out all kinds of
fake espionage props from authentic-looking Florida drivers' licenses
and Guatemalan birth certificates to Finnish alien registration cards
and hotel stationery from Wilmington, North Carolina. The crafts-
men are incredibly exact in their work. In order to forge a passport
which will pass the most careful inspector, they must use paper, ink,
watermarks, seals and even signatures which exactly match the real
thing. They also develop tiny transistor radios and install miniature
cameras in such unlikely places as tobacco pouches and coat lapels.
And they once hollowed out a brick which the Polish attache in
Brussels had found loose in a wall, sent along to Warsaw to be hol-
lowed out by our professional brick hollowers, then replaced in the
wall as a secret drop.
The technical branch did an expert job of turning The Professor
into a convincing Frenchman. It began by forging passports for him
and his wife-along with a stack of other documents including birth
certificates, employment records, a marriage license and similar
forms which were identical in every respect to their French models.
Then, to illustrate The Professor's claim that he came from a
wealthy French family in southern France-when in reality he had
grown up in a working-class Polish family in northern France-we
presented him with an album of family portraits and snapshots
which dated back several generations and reconstructed a make-
believe family which had never existed. The album included group
pictures of The Professor posing with children he did not have and
an assortment of grandmothers, cousins and aunts who never lived-
at least not in Wlazto's family. These tricks were performed in the
technical branch by putting together fake photographs and clever
montages, each of which had to be posed against authentic back-
grounds, printed on authentic paper, mounted in authentic frames,
signed on the bottom with authentic-looking signatures of actual
photographers and then carefully aged, torn or wrinkled to make
them look authentically ancient. The Professor, of course, had to be
carefully briefed on who all these unauthentic people in the photo-
graphs were.
The next task was to make The Professor look, talk, behave and
seem like a scholar. %\Tlazfo was an intelligent man, and this feat
was not so difficult. But to give him more depth, we decided to pre-
tend that he had been delving into the culture of the Aztec Indians
before he got involved in Mexican-U.S. history, and had even writ-
ten a learned treatise on the subject. We actually wrote that treatise
in Warsaw-with Wlazfio joining in so he could answer questions
about it if the subject ever came up-and we even went to the
trouble of printing fake clippings from well-known newspapers com-
menting on the paper as a brilliant exercise in anthropology. To
top off this part of the project, we compiled a small personal library
for The Professor to take with him. It consisted of some learned
French volumes on Aztec lore and Mexican history, and The Pro-
fessor had to read every word of them.
All of this material-the passports, birth certificates, photograph
albums, treatises, clippings and library-made up what is known in
the espionage trade as an agent's "collection." It provided The Pro-
fessor with good camouflage and an aura of real authenticity. Put-
ting The Professor's collection together-and briefing him on how
to use it-took two years. But, with an important mission at stake,
we were in no hurry.
There was one final touch. The Professor we had designed was
also supposed to be eccentric. We decided that if he acted a bit
strangely he would be more likely to pass unnoticed in the circles
which we expected him to frequent. To accomplish this, we simply
gave him a small, shiny, well-rubbed pebble to carry in a vest
pocket. It was supposed to be a good-luck piece which he had found
on a beach in southern France at the moment he first saw his bride-
to-be. We told him to take the stone out once in a while, rub it
and show it to his new friends. We hoped it would convince them
that he was a gallant-and Gallic gentletnan.
The biggest problen- now was to get The Professor into Mexico.
Wes could hardly expect anyone to believe that a French professor-
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
fio SIT IN THE U.S. -7,IR- to on tx Baskervillo
Robert-because he was a small spi(Icr in the web-and General
Komar-bccaltSC he talked fast.-both got off easily in the same
purge. Others were not so fortunate. \Vith Konuu? out of %-2, there
was only one Polish officer still left in a key position. This was
Colonel Aslant Bielski, a tough, shrewd operator who ran the opera-
tions br;tnc:h ofZ-2 ;uul thus hacl direr t. contact with Polish agents
anci military attaches abroad. l;ecause of this sensitive position,
Bielski, too, was a ntarkcel nian in Moscow.
One evening in early February, tyre, the colonel was preparing
to leave for the Varsaw airport to meet the chief representative of
Polish intelligence in (iiiada, who had also been orclerecl home as a
result of the Kotrru' affair. Bielski was a personal friend of the man
Ironi Canada, anci he was looking forward to seeing hint again-even
if he was in U'UUblc.
But someone warmicd Bielski to stay away front the airlaort. I-Ic
learned later that night that his friend was arreste(l by the Polish
secret police as soon as he got off the plane. Bielski was shocked
and depressed when he heard the news. He worked late into the
night at his office, tying to unravel the mess the Russians were
making of his apparatus. He sorted out stacks of reports on his desk,
signed letters and front time to time went to his sale to arrange the
secret files.
The colonel's aide-a young lieutenant named Wilc.?rak, who
described the incident to me later-sensed that something was
wrong, and lie went to see the colonel several times (luring the night
to inquire if there was anything he could do for him. Bielski seemed
in a dare; he did not answer or even look up. Then, shortly after
midnight, Wilczak heard a shot and ran into the colonel's office.
Bielski was slunlpecl over his desk with a smoking pistol in his
hand. Now there were no Polish officers running Z-2. It was strictly
a Soviet show.
But the Russians were still not satisfied. In the first few weeks
after Koniar's arrest and Bielski's suicide, the new Soviet boss of
!_-2 operations asked for all of our files on overseas agents to be
sent to his office. He pored through the records, determined who
our best agents were and lifted their files out of the stack. Every
trace of these men, every scrap of paper concerning them, disap-
pea-ecl front our records as if the then thetuselves no longer existed.
As far as Pola-ul was concerned, they did not. The Russians wanted
our best Wren for themselves, and they got them from us simply by
kidnaping their Pxpers.
t4
HOW I GOT INTO ALL THIS
I lived through tell )'cars of espionage work without going to prison
-m suffering far worse consequences-for four good reasons. ( t ) I
was a totally dedicated Communist; (2) 1 was a professional soldier
and did not have to immix in politics to hold my job; (3) I had been
a citizen of the Soviet Union myself for a while and had something
of an advantage when it came to surviving under the Russians; and
(.I) because of the other three factors in my life, I was completely
trusted. T'he Russians looked upon inc as a pro Soviet Polish Com-
munist. "Fhe Polish governuient c()nsiclcrecl me a patriotic officer
in the best Comiusunist. tradition. I was both of these things at the
same time, anel this rather unusual combination kept me out of
trouble.
Ii)' life was not always so unusual. I was born in 1921 in the
southeastern section of I'olanel, in an area-not far from the Ru-
tttanian border-which is sonietin-es called Galicia. The name of
the town was Stanislawow, i\?Iy father was not wealthy, but he was
able to put me through high school-or gymnasium, as it is called
in Europe. I was a good student, but no bookworm. I enjoyed sports
and was an expert broad-juniper and a fair tennis player. The girls
in town seemed to like tity jokes and company. One of them, whose
name was 1\Iaria, later became nny wife. But we did not appreciate
each other at thg time. She was too young for me. I had no brothers
or sisters.
The Russians carte into our lives in September, iO 9, when they
invaded eastern Poland while the Germans starched in from the
west. The name of our town was changed then-to Stanislav, to
acconunodate the Russian tongue-ancl all the trappings of Soviet
Conumniisni, including police and propaganda, descended upon us.
That saute year, at the age of eighteen, I joined the local Conuntt-
nist youth organization, Komsomol. Automatically, as was the case
in all Soviet-occupied areas, I became a Soviet citizen. If there had
been anything in niy record to /~rer,ertl mite fronn getting nn)' Soviet
passport, I could have been sent to Siberia as an enemy of the
people.
Life under Ctnnntunisni was not diffictlt for me. I was an idealis-
tic yotmg mall, and I lirstl)' hoped anct believed that the Connnnt-
nist promise of a better life for all the peoples of the world would
come true. I had never before been exposed to so many big ideas
with so much skill and persuasion as the Soviet propagandists dis-
played. In that first spring under Communism the Russians sent me
to a Kontsontol vacation center near Yalta, several hundred stiles
from my home. It was a big journey for mite, especially since it was
my first venture into that. mysterious world called the Soviet Union.
A few scenes on the trip disturbed me-the Russian cotmxryside
seemed drab compared to Poland, and I wondered about the long
lines of poorly dressed people I saw waiting for food in Kiev and
other cities. But I decided that these conditions were only tempo-
rary. The dream and the ideals sounded so good to me that I was
sure they could not fail:
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6 _
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
fio SIT IN THE U.S. -7,IR- to on tx Baskervillo
Robert-because he was a small spi(Icr in the web-and General
Komar-bccaltSC he talked fast.-both got off easily in the same
purge. Others were not so fortunate. \Vith Konuu? out of %-2, there
was only one Polish officer still left in a key position. This was
Colonel Aslant Bielski, a tough, shrewd operator who ran the opera-
tions br;tnc:h ofZ-2 ;uul thus hacl direr t. contact with Polish agents
anci military attaches abroad. l;ecause of this sensitive position,
Bielski, too, was a ntarkcel nian in Moscow.
One evening in early February, tyre, the colonel was preparing
to leave for the Varsaw airport to meet the chief representative of
Polish intelligence in (iiiada, who had also been orclerecl home as a
result of the Kotrru' affair. Bielski was a personal friend of the man
Ironi Canada, anci he was looking forward to seeing hint again-even
if he was in U'UUblc.
But someone warmicd Bielski to stay away front the airlaort. I-Ic
learned later that night that his friend was arreste(l by the Polish
secret police as soon as he got off the plane. Bielski was shocked
and depressed when he heard the news. He worked late into the
night at his office, tying to unravel the mess the Russians were
making of his apparatus. He sorted out stacks of reports on his desk,
signed letters and front time to time went to his sale to arrange the
secret files.
The colonel's aide-a young lieutenant named Wilc.?rak, who
described the incident to me later-sensed that something was
wrong, and lie went to see the colonel several times (luring the night
to inquire if there was anything he could do for him. Bielski seemed
in a dare; he did not answer or even look up. Then, shortly after
midnight, Wilczak heard a shot and ran into the colonel's office.
Bielski was slunlpecl over his desk with a smoking pistol in his
hand. Now there were no Polish officers running Z-2. It was strictly
a Soviet show.
But the Russians were still not satisfied. In the first few weeks
after Koniar's arrest and Bielski's suicide, the new Soviet boss of
!_-2 operations asked for all of our files on overseas agents to be
sent to his office. He pored through the records, determined who
our best agents were and lifted their files out of the stack. Every
trace of these men, every scrap of paper concerning them, disap-
pea-ecl front our records as if the then thetuselves no longer existed.
As far as Pola-ul was concerned, they did not. The Russians wanted
our best Wren for themselves, and they got them from us simply by
kidnaping their Pxpers.
t4
HOW I GOT INTO ALL THIS
I lived through tell )'cars of espionage work without going to prison
-m suffering far worse consequences-for four good reasons. ( t ) I
was a totally dedicated Communist; (2) 1 was a professional soldier
and did not have to immix in politics to hold my job; (3) I had been
a citizen of the Soviet Union myself for a while and had something
of an advantage when it came to surviving under the Russians; and
(.I) because of the other three factors in my life, I was completely
trusted. T'he Russians looked upon inc as a pro Soviet Polish Com-
munist. "Fhe Polish governuient c()nsiclcrecl me a patriotic officer
in the best Comiusunist. tradition. I was both of these things at the
same time, anel this rather unusual combination kept me out of
trouble.
Ii)' life was not always so unusual. I was born in 1921 in the
southeastern section of I'olanel, in an area-not far from the Ru-
tttanian border-which is sonietin-es called Galicia. The name of
the town was Stanislawow, i\?Iy father was not wealthy, but he was
able to put me through high school-or gymnasium, as it is called
in Europe. I was a good student, but no bookworm. I enjoyed sports
and was an expert broad-juniper and a fair tennis player. The girls
in town seemed to like tity jokes and company. One of them, whose
name was 1\Iaria, later became nny wife. But we did not appreciate
each other at thg time. She was too young for me. I had no brothers
or sisters.
The Russians carte into our lives in September, iO 9, when they
invaded eastern Poland while the Germans starched in from the
west. The name of our town was changed then-to Stanislav, to
acconunodate the Russian tongue-ancl all the trappings of Soviet
Conumniisni, including police and propaganda, descended upon us.
That saute year, at the age of eighteen, I joined the local Conuntt-
nist youth organization, Komsomol. Automatically, as was the case
in all Soviet-occupied areas, I became a Soviet citizen. If there had
been anything in niy record to /~rer,ertl mite fronn getting nn)' Soviet
passport, I could have been sent to Siberia as an enemy of the
people.
Life under Ctnnntunisni was not diffictlt for me. I was an idealis-
tic yotmg mall, and I lirstl)' hoped anct believed that the Connnnt-
nist promise of a better life for all the peoples of the world would
come true. I had never before been exposed to so many big ideas
with so much skill and persuasion as the Soviet propagandists dis-
played. In that first spring under Communism the Russians sent me
to a Kontsontol vacation center near Yalta, several hundred stiles
from my home. It was a big journey for mite, especially since it was
my first venture into that. mysterious world called the Soviet Union.
A few scenes on the trip disturbed me-the Russian cotmxryside
seemed drab compared to Poland, and I wondered about the long
lines of poorly dressed people I saw waiting for food in Kiev and
other cities. But I decided that these conditions were only tempo-
rary. The dream and the ideals sounded so good to me that I was
sure they could not fail:
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6 _
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
fio SIT IN THE U.S. -7,IR- to on tx Baskervillo
Robert-because he was a small spi(Icr in the web-and General
Komar-bccaltSC he talked fast.-both got off easily in the same
purge. Others were not so fortunate. \Vith Konuu? out of %-2, there
was only one Polish officer still left in a key position. This was
Colonel Aslant Bielski, a tough, shrewd operator who ran the opera-
tions br;tnc:h ofZ-2 ;uul thus hacl direr t. contact with Polish agents
anci military attaches abroad. l;ecause of this sensitive position,
Bielski, too, was a ntarkcel nian in Moscow.
One evening in early February, tyre, the colonel was preparing
to leave for the Varsaw airport to meet the chief representative of
Polish intelligence in (iiiada, who had also been orclerecl home as a
result of the Kotrru' affair. Bielski was a personal friend of the man
Ironi Canada, anci he was looking forward to seeing hint again-even
if he was in U'UUblc.
But someone warmicd Bielski to stay away front the airlaort. I-Ic
learned later that night that his friend was arreste(l by the Polish
secret police as soon as he got off the plane. Bielski was shocked
and depressed when he heard the news. He worked late into the
night at his office, tying to unravel the mess the Russians were
making of his apparatus. He sorted out stacks of reports on his desk,
signed letters and front time to time went to his sale to arrange the
secret files.
The colonel's aide-a young lieutenant named Wilc.?rak, who
described the incident to me later-sensed that something was
wrong, and lie went to see the colonel several times (luring the night
to inquire if there was anything he could do for him. Bielski seemed
in a dare; he did not answer or even look up. Then, shortly after
midnight, Wilczak heard a shot and ran into the colonel's office.
Bielski was slunlpecl over his desk with a smoking pistol in his
hand. Now there were no Polish officers running Z-2. It was strictly
a Soviet show.
But the Russians were still not satisfied. In the first few weeks
after Koniar's arrest and Bielski's suicide, the new Soviet boss of
!_-2 operations asked for all of our files on overseas agents to be
sent to his office. He pored through the records, determined who
our best agents were and lifted their files out of the stack. Every
trace of these men, every scrap of paper concerning them, disap-
pea-ecl front our records as if the then thetuselves no longer existed.
As far as Pola-ul was concerned, they did not. The Russians wanted
our best Wren for themselves, and they got them from us simply by
kidnaping their Pxpers.
t4
HOW I GOT INTO ALL THIS
I lived through tell )'cars of espionage work without going to prison
-m suffering far worse consequences-for four good reasons. ( t ) I
was a totally dedicated Communist; (2) 1 was a professional soldier
and did not have to immix in politics to hold my job; (3) I had been
a citizen of the Soviet Union myself for a while and had something
of an advantage when it came to surviving under the Russians; and
(.I) because of the other three factors in my life, I was completely
trusted. T'he Russians looked upon inc as a pro Soviet Polish Com-
munist. "Fhe Polish governuient c()nsiclcrecl me a patriotic officer
in the best Comiusunist. tradition. I was both of these things at the
same time, anel this rather unusual combination kept me out of
trouble.
Ii)' life was not always so unusual. I was born in 1921 in the
southeastern section of I'olanel, in an area-not far from the Ru-
tttanian border-which is sonietin-es called Galicia. The name of
the town was Stanislawow, i\?Iy father was not wealthy, but he was
able to put me through high school-or gymnasium, as it is called
in Europe. I was a good student, but no bookworm. I enjoyed sports
and was an expert broad-juniper and a fair tennis player. The girls
in town seemed to like tity jokes and company. One of them, whose
name was 1\Iaria, later became nny wife. But we did not appreciate
each other at thg time. She was too young for me. I had no brothers
or sisters.
The Russians carte into our lives in September, iO 9, when they
invaded eastern Poland while the Germans starched in from the
west. The name of our town was changed then-to Stanislav, to
acconunodate the Russian tongue-ancl all the trappings of Soviet
Conumniisni, including police and propaganda, descended upon us.
That saute year, at the age of eighteen, I joined the local Conuntt-
nist youth organization, Komsomol. Automatically, as was the case
in all Soviet-occupied areas, I became a Soviet citizen. If there had
been anything in niy record to /~rer,ertl mite fronn getting nn)' Soviet
passport, I could have been sent to Siberia as an enemy of the
people.
Life under Ctnnntunisni was not diffictlt for me. I was an idealis-
tic yotmg mall, and I lirstl)' hoped anct believed that the Connnnt-
nist promise of a better life for all the peoples of the world would
come true. I had never before been exposed to so many big ideas
with so much skill and persuasion as the Soviet propagandists dis-
played. In that first spring under Communism the Russians sent me
to a Kontsontol vacation center near Yalta, several hundred stiles
from my home. It was a big journey for mite, especially since it was
my first venture into that. mysterious world called the Soviet Union.
A few scenes on the trip disturbed me-the Russian cotmxryside
seemed drab compared to Poland, and I wondered about the long
lines of poorly dressed people I saw waiting for food in Kiev and
other cities. But I decided that these conditions were only tempo-
rary. The dream and the ideals sounded so good to me that I was
sure they could not fail:
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6 _
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
ti,t spy' IN 'hi-iF. II S. -7.18- to nn I t x R'skcrv+iio
"No, Cotm'aclr C:nloncl " I ohicctcd. "I ani not a Soviet 'itizen.
I was horn in 1'ol:u1(l. I have hccn in i1i 1lish :\rrny as an oflicer
since rql;. I ani a Polish citizen.'"What may he, but yon arc also still a soviet ofliicer,'' Kor.uch
said. ''No one has released you. You tverc graduated as a .Scn,iel
officer. Your were loaned to the Polish riuy. Rut th:it did not de-
privc you of your Soviet citizenship. Every Soviet ofiCer is a Soviet
citizen and r('Inains a Soviet (Ili/en.'I tie(l to protest once more, but the colnnel cut me oil.
"I do not knonv what i can (10 for you," he said. "You arc listed
on our records as a Soviet officer. Therefore, you must. return to
your fatherland-to the Soviet Union. Perhaps, after you go there,
the authorities will allow your wife to join you.''
i protested as strongly as .i could that such an order was contrary
to all the principles of Soviet-Polish friendship. But Kozuch was
adamant.
"If you do nnl wish to return to your own country," he said,
"there is only one thing you can do. Ynu must get to the Soviet
consulate here and sign a petition asking Ploscow to release you.''
This. i knew, tvoulcl he a dangerous move. It would arouse the
suslricions not only of the Russians but also of my ()vn government.
It nvas ironic that. i vas not trying to Main Polish citizcnshili. I al-
ready had that. i was sintlily trying to shake nfl' my Soviet citizen-
ship so i could stay in Poland.
it was not that any Polish citizcnship meant nose to one than
being a good Communist. The troth, in fact, was the other way
around..~ncl that ivas what hurt. i knew in ntv heart that I was as
dedicated a Communist as anyone. Rut (:nnmittnis in to me wits an
international movement n?liich united all the pe(ni)le of the world
into one great army. it should nrake no difference, i thought,
whether we were Russians, Poles, Germans-or :\ntericans. And
though I was 100(1 enough of Poland to kiss its flag when i got
home after the war. i was not exactly a romantic Polish patriot. \iy
roots were in Poland, however. Div family was there .:\n(l for this
reason i w:tnte(1 to stay there. I resented the idea, which the Rus-
sians seemed to have, that i had to he a Sni'ic?l ciIiicn in order to
be a good Communist. In this case. I thought, it tvas the Russians
who were being petty anti chauvinistic. it was they, not I, who were
indulging in bourgeois sentimentality.
Finally I told Colonel Kozuch that i %0111(1 sign a petition and
ask for permission to stay in Poland. Rut. I did not actually do so.
I kept quiet for a few months, hoping ny case would get lost in
red tape and that the crisis n?ould go away. But it did not. i was
called hack to Colonel Kozuch's oli c, and another ctfficcr saw me.
He knew I had been stalling, he said. Nnw I had to nrtke niy choice.
I took a taxi home and cxplaincd the situation to Maria. She was
terrified. She knew that if I went to the Soviet iJoinn she would
probably never see tie again. Such human prohlculs as keeping a
family together are not ccrosidercd innpnitant in the (:onitmunist
world. I decided, aher talking with her, that I had to take a chalice
and put my name on a petition. I went to the soviet consulate on
First Army Alice in Warsaw and asked the clerk for whatever forms
1 needed. He kept one nvait.lug for three Tong hours, hit finally he
brought me the papers. i filled them rntt atd then 1 was 101(1 that
the Soviet vice-consul wanted to see me. The crntsul was extremely
brisk and rude.
" \\'hat are you trying to do,'' he asked, "hc a traitor to your
homeland
"Listen," I said, gathering courage from in' dcsl,cration ? 'I ad-
mire and love the Soviet Union very much. Rut I was hasn't here.
That is on my record. i have a wife and son here and i would like
to stay with them. \Vhat difference does it make to you? Poland and
the Soviet Union are both Socialist countries. \\'hat dilference could
it make which country i live in so long as I serve than both
The consul grabbed the papers from my hand and slatttntctl then
on his desk.
"\\ce will see," he said.
I left his office very depressed and wit Ii almost no hope. I heard
nothing more about the problem for nearly a year. 1 worried every
week that the order would come soon for me to pack and head for
Russia. Then, at last, I got a special letter from the Polish State
Council informing me that I was ncnv officially a Polish citizen. The
Russians had finally relented and let inc go. i never did find out
why. Perhaps, I decided, everyone had agreed that i could he more
useful where I was. A friend of mine, however, tried to explain it
to me with a joke.
"In the Kremlin,'' he said, "they have a coin with a Polish eagle
on one side and a Russian star on the other. Whenever they can't
make tip their minds, they toss the coin. You wound up heads.''
Back at the intelligence school, the lectures and the homework
were tedious. Some of the training-to see how we would react
under pressure-was rather severe. And being confined in the coun-
try with nothing to do but work day and night was like being
cooped up in a monastery. But I enjoyed the courses. i was espe-
cially fascinated when we branched out from the school to practice
recruiting strangers or listening for information in bars, cafes and
theaters. Sometimes we discovered later that the stranger we had
talked to was a special inspector from headquarters who had been
planted there to see how well we performed.
We also had to practice meeting other agents in public and pass-
ing information back and forth without getting caught. One morn-
ing I was instructed to meet a man at the main Warsaw Post Office
on Nowogrodzka Street. I had to prepare the plan myself and sub-
mit it to my superiors before the exercise. According to my own
suggestion, I was to carry a handkerchief in my left hand-a sign
which was repeated later for tie in New York-and a children's
magazine called Pfornyk in my right hand. The stranger \vould hold
both his hai and his brief case in one hand and a copy of the Polish
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 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
6i SPY IN THE U.S. -748- io on i x 2 ~ Baskerville
illustrated magazine Przekrr j in the other. We both knew what
kind of overcoat the other would he wearing, and we hall full stage
directions. I was to enter the post office first, walk up to an empty
clerk, take out my pen and start to address an envelope. The stranger
was to follow me to the desk, take out his pen and fill out a money
order.
A classmate of mine-who was not aware of the plan-was sent
along to observe the meeting and report back on my success. He
watched me closely from across the room, and when he returned to
the school he informed the class that I had failed to transfer any
material. But he was wrong, and when the stranger arrived to
critique the exercise he was able to prove it. I had rolled the ma-
terial up in my pen, and my classmate was not quick enough to
notice that when the stranger and I both laid our pens down to use
the blotters on the desk, we quickly switched pens and I let him take
mine. I got an "A" for that demonstration. My not-too-observant
classmate did not do so well.
Another favorite class was one in which we learned to under-
stand foreign customs. I was especially interested in the U.S. way of
life. Instructors who had traveled abroad told us how to behave in
various countries so we could pass as natives. They showed us how
clifl'erently different people use the knife and fork. And they told
us that though a Polish man always offers his strong right arm to
a lady on the street, a gentleman in the U.S. always walks next to
the street-regardless of which arm this leaves free for the lady. We
were also warne(1 that we would immediately give ourselves away as
strangers in the U.S. if we ever got up on a bus, streetcar or subway
to oiler our scat to a lady.
After we graduated from Suloj(iwek we went to Z-2 headquarters
on Aleja Niepodleglosci to draw our assignments. Headquarters is
a huge, six-story office building which has been converted into a
veritable fortress to protect all the secrets stored inside. All of the
windows on the first floor-and many of them as high up as the fifth
floor-are strongly barred. ;end the guard around the building is a
heavy one. Even with a pass, a visitor must have an official escort
to get inside. Special passes are required to take a brief case either
in or out of the building. And even regular employees must stop at
two (liflerent gates to show their credentials before they can pro-
ceed. A young officer who once walked past one check point and
into an elevator without showing his pass was machine-gunned
through the elevator doors.
I had my heart set on the American section at Z-2 even before I
graduated. The idea ul pitting my wits against the U.S. intrigued
inc most, an(I I bucked for the job. Most of my colleagues were
being assigned to work against \Vest Germany, which the Russians
ha(1 assigned to Poland as a special espionage responsibility. And
though I ('0111(1 read English fairly well, I spoke very little of it.
But I got the appointment, and my first assignment was as assistant
chief of the :\ntcrican reports antl evaluation section. This was a
fourteen-hour-a-day job an(l it, consisted of reading, compiling and
elaborating on reports concerning U.S. clelense installations both in
America( and in Europe. I pored over American field manuals and
read stacks of American newspapers and magazines--a privilege
which was then (lenie(l to the Polish public. I can remember to this
clay that when I started work on the.U.S. it had ten army divisions
for inc to worry about.. That was just before the Korean War.
I can also remember how amazed I was at some of the things I
learned about the U.S. in the American press. I could not under-
stand the freedom with which Americans criticized their own insti-
tutions and their leaders-though even then I envied this habit. And
I was absolutely astonished to see American newspapers printing in
full the speeches of ioseph Stalin and Mao Tse-tung. We never saw
the speeches of Franklin Roosevelt or Harry Truman or Winston
Churchill printed in our Communist papers, for they were the
enemy. I decided that a country like the U.S., which could let its
people he exposed to the full texts of Mao and Joseph Stalin, was
either extremely foolhardy-or very secure and sure of itself.
In between assignments in the American section, 1 continued a
program of on-the-job-training to supplement the crash course I
had taken at Sulojowck. I improved my English, took a few more
courses in espionage techniques and stepped up my reading of
American periodicals. And one day the training schedule was par-
ticularly fascinating. I was allowed to visit a special storage area
where Z-2 kept all the costumes and props from various countries
which it might need someday to train or outfit an agent. There were
five large rooms full of wall-to-wall closets devoted just to the U.S.
The closets in this section were crammed to the doors with an assort-
ment of American suits, belts, shoes, top hats, pipes and other ap-
parel. I was told to study it all very carefully and acgaint myself
with the look and style of the enemy.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
6g SPY IN THE U.S.
-7I 8-
10 on x Baskerville
r5
'OFF TO KOREA TO LEARN
ABOUT THE U.S.
The Korean War gave me my first golden chance to work against
the U.S.
I n'as still on the American clerk at 7. when the wat' began, and
I heard about it over an English-language broadcast which I was
listening to at home. Tuning in on the \'Vcst was a serious off'cIlse-
even for someone in Illy position-so I was reluctant to mention,
when I got to the oflice, that there seemed to be a war ort. But my
superiors were scx>n calling me up to find out what I knew about
the .\uU?eican troops in Korea, and I knew then that the report must
be true.
For the first few clays of the war, while the North Koreans were
pushing the South Koreans back along the 38th Parallel, \Varsaw
was officially agog. A huge map was erected in a public square, and
the advancing Conin>unist positions were plotted on it, clay by day,
so the Polish people could follow the victory of their Asian brothers.
But then the war bogged down. And when the U.S. and its United
Nations allies began to chase the North Koreans hack where they
came front, Ilo one bothered any longer to keep the map up to date.
It just stood there in the square, a silent, mocking reminder of
Communist frustration.
\\'ith the U.S. at war, Communist intelligence agents had a field
clay. Instead of watching Ameri an soldiers on harmless maneuvers,
we could now see how they performed in actual battle. Our attaches
were kept busy soaking up a I I the available information on U.S.
troops in Korea-who their officers were, how well they fought, what
equipment they were using, what new tactics they had devised and
how they stood up under fire against an Oriental army on rugged
Asian terrain. A colleague of mine. Lieutenant Colonel Stanislaw
Sasin, was the Polish military attache in North Korea. He also
served as our attache to Con>ntunist China, since Poland ccnld not
afford to keep separate stalls in Ix>th countries. Sasin had his hands
full clashing back and forth between Peiping and Pyongyang, and
in both places his primary mission was to collect reports on how
the ii IJICl7f!!>1 enemy was doing.
In Septcnther, ty.,t, Colonel Sasin was killed-shot through the
head by a U.S. jet which strafed a road he happened to he traveling
on south of the Yalu. I was ordered to replace hint. A few months
later, after sonic intensive briefing in \\'arsasv, Illy family and 1 got
aboard a wain in \1'arsaw and 1 starlcd the long journey to the var.
\Ve rode first to Moscow, where we transferred U) the trans-Siberian
V Express which took us to the small city of 1lanchuria on the Sino-
Russian border. There 1 had a quick lesson in the strange behavior
of our Chinese Conlmt>nist brothers. \\le had gone into the
restaurant of the railroad station to have a mtcal while waiting to
change trains, and 1 was trying to give my order to the waiter.
Suddenly he dashed across the roost, grabbed ul> a II)' swatter anct
beat two unfortunate flies to death. He rcttn?ned full of apologies for
keeping mte waiting and explained that everyone had to be espe-
cially vigilant along the borders because the flies kept sneaking in
from foreign countries-like Russia.
"I hope," the waiter said, "that Chairman Mao understands it is
not our fault."
This was only the beginning. Later on i saw thousands of Chinese
at a time, beautifully organized into teams, racing around trying
to catch mosquitoes by hand, anti stuffing the dead trophies into
matchhoxes to see which team could make the best catch. it was a
matter of patriotism. The Chinese went after sparrows and dogs
with the same frenetic enthusiasm-1 could not find a Pekingese clog
for ny family in all of Peiping. the reason behind this stational
urge to obliterate nature was that Chairman Mao, who somehow
finds time to say something about almost everything that goes on
in China, had decreed that flies, sparrows, mosquitoes and dogs
were breeders of disease and wasters of food and that they all had
to go.
Whatever Mao says is gospel. He is highly revered, even when
the system he personifies breaks clown and there is a famine which
could be traced to bad management. The people affectionately call
him Mao Chi-si, or "Chairman Mao." And even when things are
bad they are likely to say, "Mao Chi-si knows; he will take care of
us." Of course if they do not say this, the man next door may notice
and they will be reported. For the Communists have organized
everybody-from blocks of houses up through villages to huge
cities-into a fabulously efficient grapevine which keeps track of
the whole population. A man is not allowed to walk to the next
village-even to see his fiancee or his sick mother-without stating
his reasons to the authorities and procuring a pass, which has a time
limit. There is very little chance under such strict controls for a
man to exercise judgment or raise his voice. And it was a sobering
thought, even to a regimented Communist like myself, that any
people could be so deeply motivated, so thoroughly organized and
so efficiently deployed by their government.
Chairman Mao even managed to have an influence on my private
life. My wife and I returned home one clay from a shopping trip to
discover that our young son had been amusing himself by throwing
mud pies at our walls. The amah, or nurse, had clone nothing to
stop him, and when Maria started to give him his belated punish-
melt the amah stopped her,
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 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
(IC, SPY IN THE U.S. -7j8- Io on I x Baskervillc
"Mao Chi-si," she chirped, "says we must not punish the children."
Since we were guests in the amah's country-and knew that she
would report us to the authorities if we stepped out of line-+ve let
our son off easy. I can imagine why Mao Chi-si may have a hold
over the youngsters.
When I left Warsaw I was un(ler strict orders to be extremely
careful in nuy dealings with the Chinese. It was no secret in the
Communist camp that they were the most sensitive and (lilficult of
all the partners to get along with. Even the Russians-who some-
times whispered to the in Peiping that they were convinced the
Chinese wcie "nuts"-walked on eggs when they dealt with them.
The Chinese are very demanding of the Russians, and when they
sent a huge army mu) North Korea to help bail the Russians and
the North Koreans out of a losing war, they Ina(le it clear that
they were particilrtti ng in the battle on their own terms and fighting
it in their own way. I was especially warned before I left Warsaw
never to let. the Chinese think for a moment that I was spying on
them. I was to assure them that I was only interested in what they
knew about the U.S.
In Peiping the Chinese and I got along line. The Chinese Com-
munists have an excellent system of espionage which is particularly
active in places like Tokyo, Manila and Taipeh where American
military men are plentiful. i was soon learning a good deal about
American military activities front Chinese sources and passing the
information along to Warsaw.
The most sensible way for me to report on American fighting
capabilities, however, was to go to Korea and find out for myself.
In July, I(f52, I hoarded a Chinese train at 1N'iukden in Manchuria
for the ride to the Yalu. An incident on the train gave me a new
insight into how (leeply involved the Russians were in the war.
My fellow travelers on the train included a group of two hundred
men who got on at the last minute, dressed in the green summer
uniforms of the Chinese People's Volunteers. But they were not
Chinese: they were Russians. And they were not simply Soviet
military advisers, who were also present in Korea in large numbers.
They were combat troops-antiaircraft gunners, combat engineers
and pilots-an(1 they were going to Korea to fight. I)espit.e the
camouflage of their uniforms, which they had been issued at
1\4ukden to make it more difficult for American pilots to recognize
them from the air when they got to Korea, the Russians made no
bones about their role in the war. One of their favorite jokes on the
train went like this:
FIRST RnssiAN. \Vc have the best pilots in the world.
Seconn RusslAN. Flow is that?
FiRsl' RUSSIAN. RC(?:t(ISC they can fly with no hands.
SrcoNn RussiAN. \Vhy (lo they do that?
FIRS' RUSSIAN. They have to use their hands to slant their
eyes so the Americans will think they are Koreans.
During nuy frequent visits to North Korea I lived at the Polish
embassy there, which was nothing more than a group of farm huts
snuggling against a mountain some eighteen miles from Pyongyang,
the bombed-out capital of the country. We shared our compound
with diplomats and attaches from Hungary, Czechoslovakia and
Outer i\'Iongolia. it was a drab place, and diplomatic. protocol was
necessarily reduced to a mininltnn. Our (lady existence was cheered
up mainly by some bleating goats which the Mongolians had
brought along with them and by a shall swimming pool which the
Hungarians dug out of a rice paddy. We all gathered at the pool
(luring the summer nonths to cool off and wash away the (lust-all
of us, that is, except the Mongolians. They were too bashful to
undress in public.
The Chinese who were on duty in Korea lived up to their reputa-
tion for being difficult. They were not nearly so co-operative as the
Chinese i had met back in China. But they had a good reason. They
were bending over backward trying to pretend that they were not
in Korea at all-at least not officially-though pore than a pillion
Chinese troops were south of the Yalu. They were there, they
claimed, only as "volunteers," not as Chinese Army soldiers. This
was a myth, but the Chinese defended it and kept it alive with the
same dogged enthusiasm I had seen them display when they were
killing mosquitoes. It was an absur(1 myth, but not to then. And
even their best friends were expected to believe it. When I went to
their headquarters in Korea to ask for information, the Chinese
usually informed me-politely but firmly-that they could not
help me.
"But I ap accredited to your Defense Ministry in Peiping," I said.
"We have no connection with the Defense Ministry," they an-
swered with a smile. "You are not accredited to us. We are the
Chinese People's Volunteers."
In a way, the Chinese in Korea were volunteers. They came from
regular Chinese units, and they were led by Peng Teh-huai, a
famous marshal in the Chinese Army. But before they left China for
the crusade in Korea they were lined up and harangued for hours
by their political officers. These officers, who are experts at mass
brainwashing, warned them that the American imperialists were
sneaking up on their hopes through Korea and would soon be
destroying their homeland if they were not repulsed. Those soldiers
who felt patriotic enough to go out and defend their country, the
officers said, could take one step forward. Those who did not feel
quite so loyal to their loved ones could stand still. Thus, there was
a choice. Then, as all the troops stepped forward-I never heard
of a man who did not-they were told to remove the patches on
their uniforms which read "Chinese People's Army" an(1 sew on new
patches which read "Chinese People's Volunteers." It was as simple
as that. One of the volunteers who switched patches was the eldest
son of Mao Chi-si himself, a brave young infantry officer who was
later killed fighting against American troops near Seoul.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
(IC, SPY IN THE U.S. -7j8- Io on I x Baskervillc
"Mao Chi-si," she chirped, "says we must not punish the children."
Since we were guests in the amah's country-and knew that she
would report us to the authorities if we stepped out of line-+ve let
our son off easy. I can imagine why Mao Chi-si may have a hold
over the youngsters.
When I left Warsaw I was un(ler strict orders to be extremely
careful in nuy dealings with the Chinese. It was no secret in the
Communist camp that they were the most sensitive and (lilficult of
all the partners to get along with. Even the Russians-who some-
times whispered to the in Peiping that they were convinced the
Chinese wcie "nuts"-walked on eggs when they dealt with them.
The Chinese are very demanding of the Russians, and when they
sent a huge army mu) North Korea to help bail the Russians and
the North Koreans out of a losing war, they Ina(le it clear that
they were particilrtti ng in the battle on their own terms and fighting
it in their own way. I was especially warned before I left Warsaw
never to let. the Chinese think for a moment that I was spying on
them. I was to assure them that I was only interested in what they
knew about the U.S.
In Peiping the Chinese and I got along line. The Chinese Com-
munists have an excellent system of espionage which is particularly
active in places like Tokyo, Manila and Taipeh where American
military men are plentiful. i was soon learning a good deal about
American military activities front Chinese sources and passing the
information along to Warsaw.
The most sensible way for me to report on American fighting
capabilities, however, was to go to Korea and find out for myself.
In July, I(f52, I hoarded a Chinese train at 1N'iukden in Manchuria
for the ride to the Yalu. An incident on the train gave me a new
insight into how (leeply involved the Russians were in the war.
My fellow travelers on the train included a group of two hundred
men who got on at the last minute, dressed in the green summer
uniforms of the Chinese People's Volunteers. But they were not
Chinese: they were Russians. And they were not simply Soviet
military advisers, who were also present in Korea in large numbers.
They were combat troops-antiaircraft gunners, combat engineers
and pilots-an(1 they were going to Korea to fight. I)espit.e the
camouflage of their uniforms, which they had been issued at
1\4ukden to make it more difficult for American pilots to recognize
them from the air when they got to Korea, the Russians made no
bones about their role in the war. One of their favorite jokes on the
train went like this:
FIRST RnssiAN. \Vc have the best pilots in the world.
Seconn RusslAN. Flow is that?
FiRsl' RUSSIAN. RC(?:t(ISC they can fly with no hands.
SrcoNn RussiAN. \Vhy (lo they do that?
FIRS' RUSSIAN. They have to use their hands to slant their
eyes so the Americans will think they are Koreans.
During nuy frequent visits to North Korea I lived at the Polish
embassy there, which was nothing more than a group of farm huts
snuggling against a mountain some eighteen miles from Pyongyang,
the bombed-out capital of the country. We shared our compound
with diplomats and attaches from Hungary, Czechoslovakia and
Outer i\'Iongolia. it was a drab place, and diplomatic. protocol was
necessarily reduced to a mininltnn. Our (lady existence was cheered
up mainly by some bleating goats which the Mongolians had
brought along with them and by a shall swimming pool which the
Hungarians dug out of a rice paddy. We all gathered at the pool
(luring the summer nonths to cool off and wash away the (lust-all
of us, that is, except the Mongolians. They were too bashful to
undress in public.
The Chinese who were on duty in Korea lived up to their reputa-
tion for being difficult. They were not nearly so co-operative as the
Chinese i had met back in China. But they had a good reason. They
were bending over backward trying to pretend that they were not
in Korea at all-at least not officially-though pore than a pillion
Chinese troops were south of the Yalu. They were there, they
claimed, only as "volunteers," not as Chinese Army soldiers. This
was a myth, but the Chinese defended it and kept it alive with the
same dogged enthusiasm I had seen them display when they were
killing mosquitoes. It was an absur(1 myth, but not to then. And
even their best friends were expected to believe it. When I went to
their headquarters in Korea to ask for information, the Chinese
usually informed me-politely but firmly-that they could not
help me.
"But I ap accredited to your Defense Ministry in Peiping," I said.
"We have no connection with the Defense Ministry," they an-
swered with a smile. "You are not accredited to us. We are the
Chinese People's Volunteers."
In a way, the Chinese in Korea were volunteers. They came from
regular Chinese units, and they were led by Peng Teh-huai, a
famous marshal in the Chinese Army. But before they left China for
the crusade in Korea they were lined up and harangued for hours
by their political officers. These officers, who are experts at mass
brainwashing, warned them that the American imperialists were
sneaking up on their hopes through Korea and would soon be
destroying their homeland if they were not repulsed. Those soldiers
who felt patriotic enough to go out and defend their country, the
officers said, could take one step forward. Those who did not feel
quite so loyal to their loved ones could stand still. Thus, there was
a choice. Then, as all the troops stepped forward-I never heard
of a man who did not-they were told to remove the patches on
their uniforms which read "Chinese People's Army" an(1 sew on new
patches which read "Chinese People's Volunteers." It was as simple
as that. One of the volunteers who switched patches was the eldest
son of Mao Chi-si himself, a brave young infantry officer who was
later killed fighting against American troops near Seoul.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
(IC, SPY IN THE U.S. -7j8- Io on I x Baskervillc
"Mao Chi-si," she chirped, "says we must not punish the children."
Since we were guests in the amah's country-and knew that she
would report us to the authorities if we stepped out of line-+ve let
our son off easy. I can imagine why Mao Chi-si may have a hold
over the youngsters.
When I left Warsaw I was un(ler strict orders to be extremely
careful in nuy dealings with the Chinese. It was no secret in the
Communist camp that they were the most sensitive and (lilficult of
all the partners to get along with. Even the Russians-who some-
times whispered to the in Peiping that they were convinced the
Chinese wcie "nuts"-walked on eggs when they dealt with them.
The Chinese are very demanding of the Russians, and when they
sent a huge army mu) North Korea to help bail the Russians and
the North Koreans out of a losing war, they Ina(le it clear that
they were particilrtti ng in the battle on their own terms and fighting
it in their own way. I was especially warned before I left Warsaw
never to let. the Chinese think for a moment that I was spying on
them. I was to assure them that I was only interested in what they
knew about the U.S.
In Peiping the Chinese and I got along line. The Chinese Com-
munists have an excellent system of espionage which is particularly
active in places like Tokyo, Manila and Taipeh where American
military men are plentiful. i was soon learning a good deal about
American military activities front Chinese sources and passing the
information along to Warsaw.
The most sensible way for me to report on American fighting
capabilities, however, was to go to Korea and find out for myself.
In July, I(f52, I hoarded a Chinese train at 1N'iukden in Manchuria
for the ride to the Yalu. An incident on the train gave me a new
insight into how (leeply involved the Russians were in the war.
My fellow travelers on the train included a group of two hundred
men who got on at the last minute, dressed in the green summer
uniforms of the Chinese People's Volunteers. But they were not
Chinese: they were Russians. And they were not simply Soviet
military advisers, who were also present in Korea in large numbers.
They were combat troops-antiaircraft gunners, combat engineers
and pilots-an(1 they were going to Korea to fight. I)espit.e the
camouflage of their uniforms, which they had been issued at
1\4ukden to make it more difficult for American pilots to recognize
them from the air when they got to Korea, the Russians made no
bones about their role in the war. One of their favorite jokes on the
train went like this:
FIRST RnssiAN. \Vc have the best pilots in the world.
Seconn RusslAN. Flow is that?
FiRsl' RUSSIAN. RC(?:t(ISC they can fly with no hands.
SrcoNn RussiAN. \Vhy (lo they do that?
FIRS' RUSSIAN. They have to use their hands to slant their
eyes so the Americans will think they are Koreans.
During nuy frequent visits to North Korea I lived at the Polish
embassy there, which was nothing more than a group of farm huts
snuggling against a mountain some eighteen miles from Pyongyang,
the bombed-out capital of the country. We shared our compound
with diplomats and attaches from Hungary, Czechoslovakia and
Outer i\'Iongolia. it was a drab place, and diplomatic. protocol was
necessarily reduced to a mininltnn. Our (lady existence was cheered
up mainly by some bleating goats which the Mongolians had
brought along with them and by a shall swimming pool which the
Hungarians dug out of a rice paddy. We all gathered at the pool
(luring the summer nonths to cool off and wash away the (lust-all
of us, that is, except the Mongolians. They were too bashful to
undress in public.
The Chinese who were on duty in Korea lived up to their reputa-
tion for being difficult. They were not nearly so co-operative as the
Chinese i had met back in China. But they had a good reason. They
were bending over backward trying to pretend that they were not
in Korea at all-at least not officially-though pore than a pillion
Chinese troops were south of the Yalu. They were there, they
claimed, only as "volunteers," not as Chinese Army soldiers. This
was a myth, but the Chinese defended it and kept it alive with the
same dogged enthusiasm I had seen them display when they were
killing mosquitoes. It was an absur(1 myth, but not to then. And
even their best friends were expected to believe it. When I went to
their headquarters in Korea to ask for information, the Chinese
usually informed me-politely but firmly-that they could not
help me.
"But I ap accredited to your Defense Ministry in Peiping," I said.
"We have no connection with the Defense Ministry," they an-
swered with a smile. "You are not accredited to us. We are the
Chinese People's Volunteers."
In a way, the Chinese in Korea were volunteers. They came from
regular Chinese units, and they were led by Peng Teh-huai, a
famous marshal in the Chinese Army. But before they left China for
the crusade in Korea they were lined up and harangued for hours
by their political officers. These officers, who are experts at mass
brainwashing, warned them that the American imperialists were
sneaking up on their hopes through Korea and would soon be
destroying their homeland if they were not repulsed. Those soldiers
who felt patriotic enough to go out and defend their country, the
officers said, could take one step forward. Those who did not feel
quite so loyal to their loved ones could stand still. Thus, there was
a choice. Then, as all the troops stepped forward-I never heard
of a man who did not-they were told to remove the patches on
their uniforms which read "Chinese People's Army" an(1 sew on new
patches which read "Chinese People's Volunteers." It was as simple
as that. One of the volunteers who switched patches was the eldest
son of Mao Chi-si himself, a brave young infantry officer who was
later killed fighting against American troops near Seoul.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
(IC, SPY IN THE U.S. -7j8- Io on I x Baskervillc
"Mao Chi-si," she chirped, "says we must not punish the children."
Since we were guests in the amah's country-and knew that she
would report us to the authorities if we stepped out of line-+ve let
our son off easy. I can imagine why Mao Chi-si may have a hold
over the youngsters.
When I left Warsaw I was un(ler strict orders to be extremely
careful in nuy dealings with the Chinese. It was no secret in the
Communist camp that they were the most sensitive and (lilficult of
all the partners to get along with. Even the Russians-who some-
times whispered to the in Peiping that they were convinced the
Chinese wcie "nuts"-walked on eggs when they dealt with them.
The Chinese are very demanding of the Russians, and when they
sent a huge army mu) North Korea to help bail the Russians and
the North Koreans out of a losing war, they Ina(le it clear that
they were particilrtti ng in the battle on their own terms and fighting
it in their own way. I was especially warned before I left Warsaw
never to let. the Chinese think for a moment that I was spying on
them. I was to assure them that I was only interested in what they
knew about the U.S.
In Peiping the Chinese and I got along line. The Chinese Com-
munists have an excellent system of espionage which is particularly
active in places like Tokyo, Manila and Taipeh where American
military men are plentiful. i was soon learning a good deal about
American military activities front Chinese sources and passing the
information along to Warsaw.
The most sensible way for me to report on American fighting
capabilities, however, was to go to Korea and find out for myself.
In July, I(f52, I hoarded a Chinese train at 1N'iukden in Manchuria
for the ride to the Yalu. An incident on the train gave me a new
insight into how (leeply involved the Russians were in the war.
My fellow travelers on the train included a group of two hundred
men who got on at the last minute, dressed in the green summer
uniforms of the Chinese People's Volunteers. But they were not
Chinese: they were Russians. And they were not simply Soviet
military advisers, who were also present in Korea in large numbers.
They were combat troops-antiaircraft gunners, combat engineers
and pilots-an(1 they were going to Korea to fight. I)espit.e the
camouflage of their uniforms, which they had been issued at
1\4ukden to make it more difficult for American pilots to recognize
them from the air when they got to Korea, the Russians made no
bones about their role in the war. One of their favorite jokes on the
train went like this:
FIRST RnssiAN. \Vc have the best pilots in the world.
Seconn RusslAN. Flow is that?
FiRsl' RUSSIAN. RC(?:t(ISC they can fly with no hands.
SrcoNn RussiAN. \Vhy (lo they do that?
FIRS' RUSSIAN. They have to use their hands to slant their
eyes so the Americans will think they are Koreans.
During nuy frequent visits to North Korea I lived at the Polish
embassy there, which was nothing more than a group of farm huts
snuggling against a mountain some eighteen miles from Pyongyang,
the bombed-out capital of the country. We shared our compound
with diplomats and attaches from Hungary, Czechoslovakia and
Outer i\'Iongolia. it was a drab place, and diplomatic. protocol was
necessarily reduced to a mininltnn. Our (lady existence was cheered
up mainly by some bleating goats which the Mongolians had
brought along with them and by a shall swimming pool which the
Hungarians dug out of a rice paddy. We all gathered at the pool
(luring the summer nonths to cool off and wash away the (lust-all
of us, that is, except the Mongolians. They were too bashful to
undress in public.
The Chinese who were on duty in Korea lived up to their reputa-
tion for being difficult. They were not nearly so co-operative as the
Chinese i had met back in China. But they had a good reason. They
were bending over backward trying to pretend that they were not
in Korea at all-at least not officially-though pore than a pillion
Chinese troops were south of the Yalu. They were there, they
claimed, only as "volunteers," not as Chinese Army soldiers. This
was a myth, but the Chinese defended it and kept it alive with the
same dogged enthusiasm I had seen them display when they were
killing mosquitoes. It was an absur(1 myth, but not to then. And
even their best friends were expected to believe it. When I went to
their headquarters in Korea to ask for information, the Chinese
usually informed me-politely but firmly-that they could not
help me.
"But I ap accredited to your Defense Ministry in Peiping," I said.
"We have no connection with the Defense Ministry," they an-
swered with a smile. "You are not accredited to us. We are the
Chinese People's Volunteers."
In a way, the Chinese in Korea were volunteers. They came from
regular Chinese units, and they were led by Peng Teh-huai, a
famous marshal in the Chinese Army. But before they left China for
the crusade in Korea they were lined up and harangued for hours
by their political officers. These officers, who are experts at mass
brainwashing, warned them that the American imperialists were
sneaking up on their hopes through Korea and would soon be
destroying their homeland if they were not repulsed. Those soldiers
who felt patriotic enough to go out and defend their country, the
officers said, could take one step forward. Those who did not feel
quite so loyal to their loved ones could stand still. Thus, there was
a choice. Then, as all the troops stepped forward-I never heard
of a man who did not-they were told to remove the patches on
their uniforms which read "Chinese People's Army" an(1 sew on new
patches which read "Chinese People's Volunteers." It was as simple
as that. One of the volunteers who switched patches was the eldest
son of Mao Chi-si himself, a brave young infantry officer who was
later killed fighting against American troops near Seoul.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
(IC, SPY IN THE U.S. -7j8- Io on I x Baskervillc
"Mao Chi-si," she chirped, "says we must not punish the children."
Since we were guests in the amah's country-and knew that she
would report us to the authorities if we stepped out of line-+ve let
our son off easy. I can imagine why Mao Chi-si may have a hold
over the youngsters.
When I left Warsaw I was un(ler strict orders to be extremely
careful in nuy dealings with the Chinese. It was no secret in the
Communist camp that they were the most sensitive and (lilficult of
all the partners to get along with. Even the Russians-who some-
times whispered to the in Peiping that they were convinced the
Chinese wcie "nuts"-walked on eggs when they dealt with them.
The Chinese are very demanding of the Russians, and when they
sent a huge army mu) North Korea to help bail the Russians and
the North Koreans out of a losing war, they Ina(le it clear that
they were particilrtti ng in the battle on their own terms and fighting
it in their own way. I was especially warned before I left Warsaw
never to let. the Chinese think for a moment that I was spying on
them. I was to assure them that I was only interested in what they
knew about the U.S.
In Peiping the Chinese and I got along line. The Chinese Com-
munists have an excellent system of espionage which is particularly
active in places like Tokyo, Manila and Taipeh where American
military men are plentiful. i was soon learning a good deal about
American military activities front Chinese sources and passing the
information along to Warsaw.
The most sensible way for me to report on American fighting
capabilities, however, was to go to Korea and find out for myself.
In July, I(f52, I hoarded a Chinese train at 1N'iukden in Manchuria
for the ride to the Yalu. An incident on the train gave me a new
insight into how (leeply involved the Russians were in the war.
My fellow travelers on the train included a group of two hundred
men who got on at the last minute, dressed in the green summer
uniforms of the Chinese People's Volunteers. But they were not
Chinese: they were Russians. And they were not simply Soviet
military advisers, who were also present in Korea in large numbers.
They were combat troops-antiaircraft gunners, combat engineers
and pilots-an(1 they were going to Korea to fight. I)espit.e the
camouflage of their uniforms, which they had been issued at
1\4ukden to make it more difficult for American pilots to recognize
them from the air when they got to Korea, the Russians made no
bones about their role in the war. One of their favorite jokes on the
train went like this:
FIRST RnssiAN. \Vc have the best pilots in the world.
Seconn RusslAN. Flow is that?
FiRsl' RUSSIAN. RC(?:t(ISC they can fly with no hands.
SrcoNn RussiAN. \Vhy (lo they do that?
FIRS' RUSSIAN. They have to use their hands to slant their
eyes so the Americans will think they are Koreans.
During nuy frequent visits to North Korea I lived at the Polish
embassy there, which was nothing more than a group of farm huts
snuggling against a mountain some eighteen miles from Pyongyang,
the bombed-out capital of the country. We shared our compound
with diplomats and attaches from Hungary, Czechoslovakia and
Outer i\'Iongolia. it was a drab place, and diplomatic. protocol was
necessarily reduced to a mininltnn. Our (lady existence was cheered
up mainly by some bleating goats which the Mongolians had
brought along with them and by a shall swimming pool which the
Hungarians dug out of a rice paddy. We all gathered at the pool
(luring the summer nonths to cool off and wash away the (lust-all
of us, that is, except the Mongolians. They were too bashful to
undress in public.
The Chinese who were on duty in Korea lived up to their reputa-
tion for being difficult. They were not nearly so co-operative as the
Chinese i had met back in China. But they had a good reason. They
were bending over backward trying to pretend that they were not
in Korea at all-at least not officially-though pore than a pillion
Chinese troops were south of the Yalu. They were there, they
claimed, only as "volunteers," not as Chinese Army soldiers. This
was a myth, but the Chinese defended it and kept it alive with the
same dogged enthusiasm I had seen them display when they were
killing mosquitoes. It was an absur(1 myth, but not to then. And
even their best friends were expected to believe it. When I went to
their headquarters in Korea to ask for information, the Chinese
usually informed me-politely but firmly-that they could not
help me.
"But I ap accredited to your Defense Ministry in Peiping," I said.
"We have no connection with the Defense Ministry," they an-
swered with a smile. "You are not accredited to us. We are the
Chinese People's Volunteers."
In a way, the Chinese in Korea were volunteers. They came from
regular Chinese units, and they were led by Peng Teh-huai, a
famous marshal in the Chinese Army. But before they left China for
the crusade in Korea they were lined up and harangued for hours
by their political officers. These officers, who are experts at mass
brainwashing, warned them that the American imperialists were
sneaking up on their hopes through Korea and would soon be
destroying their homeland if they were not repulsed. Those soldiers
who felt patriotic enough to go out and defend their country, the
officers said, could take one step forward. Those who did not feel
quite so loyal to their loved ones could stand still. Thus, there was
a choice. Then, as all the troops stepped forward-I never heard
of a man who did not-they were told to remove the patches on
their uniforms which read "Chinese People's Army" an(1 sew on new
patches which read "Chinese People's Volunteers." It was as simple
as that. One of the volunteers who switched patches was the eldest
son of Mao Chi-si himself, a brave young infantry officer who was
later killed fighting against American troops near Seoul.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
 Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6
7' S1'\' IN T'IIF. Ii.S. -7.1ti- to nn I,{ x sr, 14ask('ryille
:\s I al)l)rua(hed the city I (41411(1 he;u the g41ngs snUn(ling a1 air-raid
:tle?rt. li(,1Id S \'(IC falling in the disI:uiC. and tires raged in the
streets ahead as the lu41l)Ic scrcalne(I and ran fur shelter. my t a \vu111:1t :In(l (rviug )ttt i1 l):uti(, I:ntta! i\I;un1!
.\I;u11a!" It \v:ts :1 sho(kilg sight. 1{ut \\h;lt shocked Inc Ill(>sl \vas the
inlillCren(e :Ind Gu;Ilisnt of Ihc p('ol)le. \41 DUC st(11,1)('(I to hcl1) hint.
hycr\nnc \vas 11111111) with fear ;Ind busy looking nut fur himself.
\\?e did not Stull cithcr. but dru\c on to the \I;u:uuhol. Just as
\ve reached the cnlr:u!cc another \\?;tvc 411 1)lan('s llc\v over. 1)d as I
\valkcd (41\VIi th(' hu11dre1 and litty stcl,s into the shelter, the caith
shook and the lights hrnltccd :Ind Ihckcrcd Mont the bombs I:thing
outsi(lc. "I'hcn, in Ilse hig Salon, with the c i' 411 that young hoy still
in 1)l\? (iIS. I he:trd hint II Sung, Ihc hcloved header of the Korc:u\
h'eO1)le's l(t:l)1 hlie. 1)FO O ( a tO ist to the hrothcrhund 1)l Cnnt-
!tlunisnl 111(1 to "h:iii l \ irtor\?.'
Iiu\t. I ;ISkc(1 nt\?s('11 IS I Si!)l)cd my oclk:I. (1)111(1 there hie a l inal
\'i(tur\ for these l)CUl)Ic \vh('n th('\ \vcrc hei11g S1(rili(C(1 in ; \v:u
th;tt could nut he \von% \\'hat kind of "hrothcrhood" was Cottt-
nlu11isnl \vhcn its rc;11 hossc,. Iar a\\;1) in \Ins(o\v. could hold
\vholc l)c41h)Ic'5 feet to the lire solcl\ fur reason, of 1n411xlganla:'
The Russians. I felt. \vcrc using \orth l( ir:t as a li!ing range. a
training ground and :ut excuse fur lu(1it1(1l hlauknt:til.:\s a soldier.
I as (Iccl)Iv shocked. .\s a hnn!:tn being, I \\;t sickened by the
SuhICrilig and slaughter. :\s (:un!nIll'ist. I \vas :1)h:uncl.
Onc clay I \vcnt tO scc 1)l\? 111(1 1((1!1;tint;Inc('. (.c11cral \ant II. \vho
ryas 1)t1,\' kcel)ing Ihc ;uiiI ,t (c talks .t1 I((1 at 1'annttnljonl. I (1id
not (I;1)e tell \a1)! hrnv I IcII..\nd I (uul(1 not tell frnln his tune of
\?oi(c or his ('x1)resSion-t\hi( h never ;tried Iron) a ( I;IS,I(' l)()ker fate
-ho\\ he f(lt. Iiul \aln mach( it ( hai tO 1)l( \vhat \vas going on.
"'I-hc unly j)col)Ic \vho \\:!1)t to (r>ntinu(' this \r:u'." he said. "arc
the :\ntCI I( IIiS. Ihc Other I'\ 1)o\\('lS--!ik(? Ihc Itritish-\vant to Stoll
it. II \\e (an shn\v thcsc other ;hies that the .\11tcri(ans arc the real
\v;nln41ngers \1C can bring a IOr(c to he;11 \vhieh \vihl slot) the \var-
41n cur o\(1) ICr11IS. It is nut a (?I!(?,t'On." he \vcut on. "ol' n11r ;u hticv-
irtg ;I 111iIi!;u\i(t)rv." (I he. too. knc\v wc? could not.) 'Ihc aims of
this \vat have ;t ntu( II longer rant (. \c arc not lighting nuly for
K)rea. \(C arc lighting for \\'orld (:onlntlIni,ln. \\'( ar(? the trna)rl-
gcnlc/r of the lxo!)Ics' light. \\'c it th( shuw(:ISC. l\'c must keel) rnt
lighting. I think it i, worth the (41st."
\vas nut Ilse crrtl\ (:o1n1u!Ini't \vh) \vas disillttsi41tted by the var.
1:vcn soli!( ((f the J!I ians I talked it Ii in h ica \vcrc ted Ili).:\!td
sc\cral of ntv (oll(tt (!( at tltc Polish cnlh;ISS\ knc\\ ho\\ I ft It antl
agrec(h \vith nu. Ifut (I(sl)ite the noi,v 11cating of the \141ngohi;t1)
goats all ; l?o1nd its. we had to he v(I\ t;o(lul what tvc said. and
51)c;1k s41ftl\?..\t the ('rtlhas,\? nn- )(l''Ot)al S\II!h)tlhv fur the KorcanS
\vas re(()grtiic(I in a S((1 lithe joke. I:a(h lime I Icft the (otn!)ottn(1
fur a 1i!) to the Iruul Or to the \';lu. i l\ uo!nrad(', 1111(1( a 1)rnntiSC.
"II ;utvthiiii h;ll)I(cnS IO \?4111 on Ihc road. I'a\vcl.' Ihc\ sai(1. "the
1101)1( of \urth Knl'C:I \\ill CrC( t ;t 111nntt!ttC11I to ()l( (((t the
\l;n;uuhort."
Thcn. On \I:o'(h r,, 1(I,, 1O,c!)h tit;tlirt died. \\'r sat around at the
enlh;nS\ that night. (pinking \()(Ik:( an(1 sa\ing out loud hot. scrrry
\.c \vcrc Ihat the great. hch(ii Icadcr of (:olulltlntism \vaS gone.
l;ut Son!Clln\. \cc Iclt that thte end of Ihc \var as lu v in sight. hater
that nu,nth \vc le;o 11cd that hOth ides hat agrc(d to a tentative first
Stc1)-they \voul(I trade !heir sick ;pt(1 woun(IC(1 tnisoncrs as a tnkcn
test of good twill. I \'as 1)1;1\ing (hcukcrs \\ith (:olunel \icolai
Snlirnnv, one of Ihc Si ict a(lviSe)s. \\hcn the \vor(1 (ante.
" That's II." SntirlO Said. "In a \vcck or so \\?e \vill he th i\ ing into
I'vongvang \vi thi tun' Iihts on."
It \vas iota' months later that the \var actually enchcd. T still had
work to (1o-\v( l!)t)ing Ill) some luusc ends of iii forluatinn that I
had gal hiell nrt .\1)l('lie;ln ll I U S 111(1 noof)s-so I hacl \I;1?ia 1411
nn' Solt Cnllle Ir(1n! I'cit)ing to join nlC for a visit. \\'c lied togetllCr
in a 1\ole;t1) hut. an(l I o(caSinnally Iufk them \\ith lnc \vhcn I
tra\'eled through the colnttrv. Rut I cut this \isit short. I \vas too
ash;uncd to !et the ( hikh-cn of \nrlh Korea-skinny, tnt(ICrnom ished
111(1 clot.hc(1 in turn rags-See !n\ o\vn sun. \vho \vas fat, well (hessc(1
atrll pink checkc(l. \\'hai kind of a svstcnt \vas this. I \Von(hered,
\vhich prontise(h c(tnaliIv fur all 1)11 1 saw Io it drat some hltl too
inch an(1 SOltle Ion little? I yisiled a 1;!ntous KO!'can writer one day.
a man of gon(1 family, cxcelhept C(l!u'aIloll ali(1 great (Iistipctirn\. He
was also a confirmed (:nmltltlnist. Rtlt we t;lke(1 frankly of our
mutual (hisat) )niltlttel1t. I-fe had noticed how the (:rn>nulnist leachers
of his (ounlly \vcrc (t!!irkly rchuildilg Iheir big heach(tu;Irtcrs htlil(1-
ings ar1(1 Iheir cnlntnrtahlc (roamers 111(1 \vere !)utting u1) factrn!CS
to get file CMlntt'V'S heavy 10(11(51. !'y going a{L:li11. Rut. the people, he
pointed nut-the "aim of (:ommunisnt"-still had nowhere to live
except in Iheir dirty Shacks and piles of rtthhle.
'\1\' people arc too 1)00) for this kind of (':ontnuntism." he said.
My friend had Iwo (hil(1ren, and when I left 1 gave him some
l)iecCS of Polish chocolate for them. 1-fe accepted the gift. gratcftlhv.
I)ut he was not sure his (hil(lren would appreciate it. They had
never in their lives, he said, 'seen a h;u? of cmtthy.
Finall\?. deeply disltlrhed :111(1 sa(1(lene(I by all that 1 had seen and
le,n?ne(l, I left Korea for the last time. I reached the Yalu without
in(i(lent. ;\1)d l)Cfot'e T l)Oai(le(I the t!?tiu for 1'eiuint and home. T
sent a farewell telegram to my contracles at the Polish embassy in
Pyongyang.
"7 here will he no motttnncnt 01) i\?faranthon," it said.
Approved For Release 2009/01/05: CIA-RDP80B01676R002600060013-6