(SANITIZED)EMPLOYMENT IN THE CONSTRUCTION INDUSTRY OF POLAND(SANITIZED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A007400700002-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 31, 2009
• Sequence Number: 2
• Publication Date: September 4, 1959
• Content Type: REPORT

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18 August 1959
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
1
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1. Total Employment in the Polish Economy
2. Employment in the Construction Industry
3. A Special Category: The Employed Peasants
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SUBJECT: Employment in the Construction Industry of Poland
labor force employed in
construction industry and its relation to the total labor force in Poland,
Table 1 - Employment in the Entire Polish Economy - (see p. )
Table 2 - Employment in the Socialized Construction Industry
(see p. 6 )
Table 3 - The Percentage of Employment in the Construction Industry
in Relation to the Total Labor Force in the National
Economy. (see p. 7 )
1. The employment figures were given in statistical yearbooks in two
a) for the socialized economy according to the statistics of the
Main Statistical Administration (GUS) and b) for the entire national economy
according to reports of the Central Administration of Social Security (CZUS).
The Central Administration for Social Security however lists all insured
persons, including employees who held two jobs and worked in two or more
places of employment two or more times. The Statistical Bulletin No 11/1958
of the Main Statistical Administration gave the following figures for the
year 1957:
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Employment in the socialized economy according to GUS 6,888,000
to CZUS 7,1+2,100
to CZUS 137,900
Total employment according to CZUS 7,279,100
The difference between the figures given by GUS and by the CZUS, 25)+,l00,
is explained as follows:
.The number of part-time employees on the Teams of Attorneys of
Law and on Social Organization Committees which for some reason were omitted
in official statistics, amounts to about 20,000 persons. Therefore the
difference can be reduced to about 23+,000 persons, i.e., to about 3.2% of
total employment in socialized economy. The difference is a result of
reporting persons employed at two or more places.
The real number of persons employed is lower by about 23+,000 than
in CZUS statistics. On the other hand some employed persons do not register
for social security insurance, as is possible for private persons.
the number of insured employees with private
25X1
employers, amounting to about 137,000, represents only 75% of the real total,
that is, the total number employed with private economy including maids is
about 182,000. Therefore, the figures of total employment given in
statistics prepared by the Central Security Administration (CUUS) should be
regarded as too high for the individual years by 1 to 3% on average of 2%.
25XI
... contains figures of employment in the
entire Polish national economy -during the period 1950-57 in part A according
to official statistics and in part B figures of real employment
1 to 3% lower than official statistics.
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Table I employment in the entire PolishreconbE .
Bee: 'Statistical Y-arbook lc,56
H 0 1957
pace 279
a 868
Small n Cl lc/ 58 tl
Statistical BulletinF'ol1/l958 "
in thousands persons
105
27
The figures of em loped in socialized
economy in lea. 3)do not include employees
of the riinistry of 1 ational Befence,I-lnistr
of Internal Affairs and former Conmitee for
Public ;Security I?:attErs and of s t
44L4e-:-v former Provincial Public Security
offices.
!_
1949 1950
1951
1952
1953
1954
1955
1956
1957
1.
Average employment accord
ing to
the statistics of the..
Central Social Security
(CZUB)
t
1
0 5155
0
4354
5631,0
5893,0
6272,0
6515,0
6779,0
. 7083,0
7279,1
2.
ion
Administra
From above in private eco
Total:
nomy
,
,
137,0
3
Employment in socialized
econo
.
according to official-sta
tic-Yc of .'-
4025,8 4833,5
5322,0
5616,7
6024,6
6262,2
6497,9
6787,1
68
the
Min Statistical Administr
ation(GtJ'
6
6
6
/ 4.outside agriculture & forestry
3653,0 4389,2
4879,4
5131,0
5464,1
5666,5
5884,8
11
,7
24220
5.
E.-nployment in private eco
nomy
0
s
s
s
s
0
(persons insured)
!
-r
160,O - 150,
140,0
140,0
130,0
125,0
130,
132,0
137,0
Y
6,Employment in, eams of Attorneys
of Law, RM'sAi, Committees
. 17
r-
(persons not insured)exept persons!
working for cooperatives at home!
17 17 18 19 20 20 21 23
40 36
34 32 38 30 30 30 30
8total real employinent(para 3+546+2)
after elimination of persons becoun
t
ted tvice who work in wo or more
places ,?~, _.._ am -eat
4242.8
5036,5
5513,0'
5806,7
6203,0
6437,8
6617,8
6970,1
7078,0
9% The percentage relation of real
employment to official figure of i
97,0
98,0
99,0
99,0
99,0
99,0
99,0
98,0
97,0
employed according to statistics
of CZtRS as shown in para 8:1
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three comparisons: (See Table 2 and 3 page 6 and 7 ).
25X1
The quantity of employees in construction industry in relation to a) the
total employment in the entire national economy; b) the employment in
socialized economy; c) the employment in socialized economy besides agricul-
ture. The number of employees in the construction industry is given in the
statistical yearbooks in two versions:
'he total employment embracing all branches of construction industry,
and employment without land improvement and irrigation projects. Besides that,
the statistical yearbooks include in "Employment in Construction Industry,"
employment in all geological and geodetic enterprises and construction plans
and designing offices which really do not belong entirely to the construction
industry. There is a small number of geologists employed in the construction
industry but they are spread out chiefly in drilling-foundation enterprises
and they are already accounted for in the efficial statistics prepared by
GUS and listed in "employment in construction-assembly enterprises." There
are also separate geodetic and geological-drilling enterprises in the
construction industry, but their total employment does not exceed 1,500 persons.
However the category of "employment in construction industry" should be
increased by the employees of the Workers Settlement Administration (ZOR)
which are included in official statistics for the communal and housing
economy. Further, reducing the employment in construction industry given in
the official GUS statistic by the number of employees of geological and
H
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2. The place and part occupied by the construction industry in the
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geodetic enterprises, about 3,500 persons who are employed.in geological and
geodetic enterprises which really belong to construction industry should be added,
as should a part of ZOR employees. The employment in construction plans and
designing offices can be left without changes. Table 2 on p... 6 gives employment
in the socialized construction industry, taking.. into account the above mentioned
corrections. Therefore, it is possible to calculate both the nominal number and
percentage of employment in. construction industry in version 1 and 2. The real
employment in construction industry is about 5% smaller than the nominal version.1,
and total real employment in the.entire national ecoMm' is about 2% smaller than
official figures.
Table 3, item 10 shows the official figures given for the percentage of
employment in construction industry in relation to employment in socialized economy
excluding agriculture, because the item "total employment" in.the official Polish
statistics does not include individual (private) peasants and,therefore, it is
difficult to compare with statistical data for other countries.
From a comparison of official figures of employment given in item 3 and.L- in
Table 3, it is evident, as is shown in item 8, that the percentage of employment
grew from 7% in 19+9 to 12.3% in 1953, and later dropped to 10% in 1957.
According to corrected data, the percentage relation of real employment in
nstruction industry is, as is shown in Table 3 item 13, a little smaller, and
eases from 6.8% in 19+9 to 12% in 1953 and. drops again to 9.8% in 1957. This
level of 9.8% should be regarded as more or less stabilized for the next two years,
1959 and 1960, with a tendency toward a small increase during the next Five Year
Plan 1961-65-
This is a relatively high percentage of employment in construction industry in
relation to the total employment in the entire national economy; e.g., this roportion
amounted in USA to 6.2% in 1950, and about 4.8% in 1959.
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Table /I )Employment in the socialized construction industry in 1955,1956 $ 1957
Figures for the years 1955 &1956 according to Statistical Yearbook 1957 page 192
for the year 1957 according to Statistical Bulletin Noll/1958 page 19
Sr a
/in figures round off to wY~100 /
1: flwe:rage employ;..ent (version 2/see =wal5 Persons
21From the above:Construction-assembly enterprises
3: "
: Geological enterprides
4;. 1' Geodetic enterprises
5. "
Construction. Plans offices
1955 1956
1957 25X1
716,100 732,500 716,100
647,100 658,600 E44,800
15,500 16,900 18,800 18,300
6,700 7,500 8,000 8,700
39,100 44,700 47,200 44,300
66RemFrk: The- &mployn:ent :fir the l rivate
construction-assembly enterprises
amounted to
based on figures given in pars
7:Tota1 emloyment in percentage
8'.Frgzi the above:Construction-assembly enterprises
91 Geological enterprises
10, Geodetic "
11: "II n
Construction Plans offices
12.Total employment in construction-assembly
!enterprises and construction plans offices Pcpee"--
13~. I b percentage = rely i a'- the total
~ employment in construction industry
14.Real employment taking into account alee
employees of the geological and geodetic
enterprises belonging really to construction
industry) and xart(atiout 3, 500)o mployees
ofiWorkers Settlement administration(ZOR) rears
15;. 2 mark:The Statistical Yearbook 1957 page 268
gives a different figure of employment
in construction industry than on page 192
a,p follows: veresion 1 It
16i. The difference consists the employment
at laid irrigation projects
17. The percentage relation of employment
ii construction industry to the employment
official figures,version 1 given in statistics
14 t15
1,427 221 48
I` ~~ ,025X1
100 100 100
90.0 90.0 90,0
2.4 2.5 2.6
1.1 1.1 1.2
6.3 6.4 6.2
691,700 703,800 689,100
06.5 96.4 96.2
695,200 707,300 692,600
730,200 744.,600 729,000
14,100 12,100 13,000
95.0 95.0 95.4
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Table III The percentage of el44j1oyment in the construction industry
in realation to the total employment in the entire national economy.
4
ep? on rom a
Unit
JjTotal employment in the 1000
1949 1950 1951
1952 1953 1954 1955 1956 1957
entire socialized. economy - jcrsr:-4i 4025,8 4833,5 5322,0 5616,7 6024,6 6262,2 '497,9 6787,1 6888,0
Z.Employment in socialized _ It 3653,0 1+,389 2
9
economy besides' agriculture ,4 5131,0 5464,1 5666,5 .381+.,8 6116,7 6242,0
,employment in construction
industry -1st version
4,Employment in the entire
national sconemvaccording
to CZUS(see table I pars 2)...
5'. Corrected figures of employment
9 in the entire rational econorV
(conparo table paraJ
G Employment.* strictly construction
industry without land improvement
work and geological and geodetic
307, ,5
503,0 647,6 710,5
n 040d M 0;
770,6
4
4354,0 5155,0 5631,0 5893,0 6272,0
n 4242,8
T et er wi~t A
t f d~, nis r iol.
7. t Official perc6nta,ge relation of
employment in construction indu'::ry
to the total Qmploynient in to entirej?
national cconomy(prra 3:4)
91 Official percentage relation of
cmrloymeht in construction industry
to omFloyment in socialized
ccouthry (pars. 3:1)
a0.
enip oyi::en in construction
s
285,5
88,0s
7,0
industry to employment in socialized
economy besides agriculture
(Para 3:2)
H .Corrected figurea of 'r ercer-taLo
relation of einploytient in construct.:..
industry to the' employment in
7,6
8.6
5036,5 5513,0 5806,7 6203,0 6437,8
77990 7083,0
677,8 6970,1
s 8 s
8 8
477,0 621,0 678,0 733,4 705,8 691,7
480,08 .624,58 681,58 736,98 709 30
595,2
11,5 12,1 12,3
742,,0 730,2
6515,0
11.4
10,4 12.1 1206 12.8 11, ;
U.4 13.2
13.
1008 1005 1000
71+4, 6 729. ,0
70398 689,1
707,3 69296
727925X1
7078,0
11.2 1100 10,E
25X1
12.4
1202
1107
30- Ali ZuF] ./ .,,: J,l188 9 s ? 9
n ricult^ure(,:..rG i02, 8.1 10.9 12.8 13.3 1305 12.4 1108 1105 11.1
12 Pcrcontagc relation o@fficial
rLO,cloyncnt in construction
industry to the : real cnployL.cnt
G~ is the eartire nc~tidnal .coromy
(para 3s5) 7.2 10.0 11.7 1202 1204 11or;
Pe c n dcigO m a1atcion of ? real
Liloyront it construction industry
to the real eu,pl~oy~ent in the
eaa'tire national 'ECOhoagr(para7?5)
s 1' . arc s i .ark,ed s= r.j.rrox.iznate
6.8s 90 11.3
9
13.8 14.1
S
11.7
s
12.0
110
1002
909
/A)0 9 10.7 1003
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The main reason for incomparability of Polish statistical data with
world statistics is the fact that in Polish statistics, the figure "total
employment" does not include the private peasant$ as already stated above
(there are above 3,000,000 private peasants homesteads in Poland). Therefore
it is necessary to take into account the number employed in the construction
industry only in relation to the total number employed outside of agriculture.
This relation amounts as shown in Table 3 item AW"
in 1949
to 8.1% minimun
1950
10.9%
1951
12.8%
1952
13.3%
1953
13.5% maximum
1954
12.40
1955
11.8%
1956
11.5%
1957
11.1% actual
The real employment in construction industry as a share of total
employment outside of agriculture grows, as. is shown in Table 3 item 11,
from 8.1% in 1949 to 13?-X% in 1953, and drops to 11.1% in 1957.
for comparison the figures for USA in 1950 when employment
25X1
X1
(figures rounded off to 100)
Total employment
55,844,000
Employment in agriculture 7,138,000
" outside 48,706,ooo
it in construction industry 3,480,000
The percentage of construction
industry in relation to the
total employment outside of
agriculture
7.4%
As shown in Table 3 on p.7, pars, 7, the total employment in construction
industry amounted according to
in 1954 to 709,300
1955 695,200
1956 707,300
1957 692,600
I
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That is during the period 1954-57, averaged about 700,000 persons.* This
figure should be regarded as fairly stable. In 1958 the number of employed
in the construction industry and similarly, the total employment in the
entire national economy, changed very little (from nominal figure of 7,142,000
persons in 1957 to 7,158,000 persons in 1958 according to the article in T ~ e
Polish daily Trybuna Ludu, 28 February 1959) therefore it can be accepted
that for the next period 1959-60 calculated percentage of employment in the
construction industry and shown in Table 3 para 13 will amount, as in 1957,
to about 9.8% of the corrected real total employment in the entire national
economy. According to directives for development of the Polish Peoples
Republic from 1959-60 published during the III Party congress in March 1959,
the employment in the construction industry will during the years 1961-65
increase from 120,000 to 140,000 persons.
The employed peasants.
However, taking into consideration the fact that Polish statistics do
not include employment on the individual private agricultural farms (according
to Statistical Yearyook 1957,page 130 there were, in 1954, 3,056,500 farms)
the number of employed peasants must be added, and.the total number of
employed in Poland should be increased by 3,962,200 persons.
* In addition about 95,000 persons are employed by the self management
economic system (system gospodarczy) but only part of them are construction
wrrkers. 04-G- mmOkm-r do- JoWs= d am .
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This last figure is the result of the following calculations:
- the number of individual farms ..3,056,500
includes:
- farms above 7 hectares
- farms from 0.5 to 7 hectares
of which 0.5 - 4
47
- farms smaller than 0.5 hectares
712,500
2,162,200
750,800
1,412,000
181,700
the peasants who own farms smaller than 0.5 25X1
for smaller farms below 4 hectares one person is employed and for the 25X1
From the middle group who own 0.5 to 7 hectares
hectares are employed in industry and in construction and therefore they
are accounted in the statistics of these industries or elsewhere.
25X1
rest from 4-7 hectares, one or two are employed on one farm. Thus: 4-7
hectares farms about 750,800 x 1.5 persons = 1,126,200
0.5-4 hectares farms about 1,412,000 x 1 1,412,000
For the larger farms above 7 hectare
two persons employed, therefore
712,000 x 2 persons 1,424,000
The total estimated employment in individual farms is about 3,962,200 persons
25X1
for purpose of comparison with other Western countries to:
Employment according to Table 3, para 5 7,078,000
Individual peasants employed as shown above 3,962,000
All persons employed in. Poland 11,040,000
The percentage of 692,600 persons employed in the construction industry in
relation to the above total employment including peasants amounts to 6.3%.
The total employment in Poland in 1957 amounted,
Id
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