(SANITIZED)UNCLASSIFIED POLISH ABSTRACTS ON HYGIENE AND PHYSIOPATHOLOGY IN AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY(SANITIZED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A015400530001-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 35
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: December 13, 2011
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: February 21, 1962
• Content Type: REPORT

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II. HYGIENE AND PHYS IOPA THOLCGY OF WORK
IN AGRICULTURE AND FORESTRY.
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J.Preytag, J.Brzozowski
THE INFLUENCE OF CALCIUM CYAMIDE ON THE HEALTH
OF RURAL WORKERS.
Medycyna Pracy, 1952, 2, p.171.
We tested 56 workers-,.all men being from 19-45 years old.
They worked at storing and sowing (by hand and by engine)
of dusty calcium cyanamide, during the time of spring
labour. We could observe a clinical picture of skin
and mucosa changes. The work analyze showed the nece-
ssity of a properly profilactical behaviour for the
individual and technical circumstances.
W.Szewczykowski
THE DANGER OF PLUMBISM INTOXICATION IN AREAL 42.
TILE MANUFACTORIESO
Medycyna Pracy, 1953, 4, p.291.
We tested a greater part of workers amidst crews,work-
ing in cooperative tile-manufactories in the district
of Lublin. There we found cases of acute developed
plumbism intoxication. We had to take in consideration
the poor hygienical conditions and the lack of work-sa-
fety in these institutions.
Hygiene principles were not observed, and there was a re-
markable-lack of competent instruction from the menacing
danger. Assurance of suitable hygienical work-conditions,
of shelter-settlements, of individual hygienical condi-
tions of every worker, as well as, an exact., observation
of periodical medical tests, certainly will reduce the
percent of plumbish intoxication, d allow to withdraw in
time workers suffering fxim ''trisg.sease out of dangerous
environment.
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J.Opiezska-Blauth, A.R.Tuszkiewicz, J0Brzozowski
COMPARISON OF SYMPTOMS FOR EARLY PLUMBISM OF
WORKERS FROM THE DUBLIN-DISTRICT, BEING
EXPOSED TO THIS INTOXICATION.
Annales UMCS, 1953, Sec0D, vol0VIII, po151.
The authors carried out diagnostic researches, in the
matter of early plumbism among a group of workers,like:
potters, printers, men.working at storage-batteries,
electroteehnics, and benzine store-keepers. At the
same time, the level of plumbum in the blood and urine
as well as porfiryne in the urine, has been tested.
The definition for plumbum=content was performed by
the ditizon-method. In order to calculate the correla-
tion between the above mentioned,we used the statistical
tests "X2" and "Student". o
43
The researches showed that the elevation of the plumbum
level in the blood and the urine as well as the presen-
ce of porfiryne in the urine, called out the clinical
symptoms for plumbism.
Longer breach-periodsare of great influence on the
decrease of plumbum in the urine. It seems possible to
us that at the begin of working in these professions,
one could state a chemical plumbum intoxication in pot-
ters and other workers, dealing in meat-conserve factories.
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J.Brzosowski, R0Jakubowski, A0Pietrzykowa
WORK HYGIENE AND STATE OF HEALTH OF PEOPLE WORKING a4.
IN ORCHARDS BY APPLY OP CALCIUM ARSENATE IN SPRING.
Annales UMCS, 1953v sec.D, vol. VIII, po16.
The object of these researches was to establish a con-
trole for the state of health for workers being employed
at the bespatter of fruit-trees with calcium arsenate.
During the whole work-time of seven weeks, 39 workers
had been examined. The health-state controls, comprised
ambulatory researches (every day), i.e. urine test, ge-
nerally tests in regard to the arsene content (method
Gutzeit), and on presence of porfiryne. Morphology
researches of the blood were also made.
As to the researches about work-conditions, the defini-
tion of quantity of calcium arsenate in the air, has
been taken in consideration. During the following four
months, a control on arsen secretion in the urine had
been executed.
,Physicians' researches showed out subjective pains like:
changes on skin and of the conjunctiva, of the nose-mu-
cosa, in the oral -cavity and the pharynx.
Observations showed that the quantity of arson in the
work area was much higher than the permitted content of
0,0003 mg.litr of air, and amounts to the average of
0,048 mg/e. Corresponding to this.the leve~.of arsen
in the urine increased and showed an average of 0,183
mg/1 of urine. A prolonged secretion of arses (even 4
months after the work-period) showed a considerable
accumulation of arsen in the organism of those worker0.
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MR 91;
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J.Preytag, C.Puzyna
TESTS ON THE INFLUENCE OF MECHANICAL SHAKING
DURING TRACTORISTS' WORK.
Annales UMCS, 1933, S.D., vol. VIII, p..21.
We wanted to find the source of detrimental factors
having such a bad influence on tractorists' health.
Among the numerous dammages which happen in this kind
of work, the permanent one is the mechanical vibration
of the apparatus; the.vibrations are not too, frequent,
but they hurt the driver through the seat, the gangway
and-the driving wheel of the engine. The inegalities
of the soil provoke hard shocks too.
The Ursus C-45 tractor being used in Poland, is a, one-
cylinder two-taeties,:..lying motor with an incadescent
bulb, and its work provokes strong shocks of the whole
engine and especially of the seat. Tests showed that
the emplitude of the seat shock is - vertical 630-720 mm,
and horizontal something about 3 mm; shock frequency
630-720 6/min. These shocks are mechanical impulsions
passing into the exteroceptoric and interoceptoric struc-
ture and further are transmitted on the central nervous
system, which influences the equilibrium of the whole
vegetative structure of men. The troubles driving from
this work have been clinica]2r tested and fixed, during and
after the work. They show a functional changeable charac-
ter which we call, peripheral vegetoze.
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J.Freytag
STATE OF HEALTH OF TRACTORISTS, WORKING IN THE
STATE FARMS AND STATE AGRICULTURE MACHINE CENTRES
(A STATISTICAL ANALYZE).
Annales UIKCS9 1953, S.D., vol.. VIII, p.21.
We gathered a great many plaints of tractorists, about
different troubles and pains. The author collected the
enquiries , and tried to work out a statistical register,
in order to know which diseases were the frequentest one.
The tabula contained a material of 2265 enquiries and
the percentage for the different kinds of plaint and
their charactero
jf6 .
The result showed that the percentage for dammaged persons
showed to be 36 %; 48 % of diseases are the consequence
of-the tractorist?s work. The localization for the pains
is to be find in: head, ventricula, sacrum iliac. We
stated a percentage for vertigo, head aches, nausea and
vomiting. The diseases grow with the number of work-
years. All the pains are in relation with the mechanical
throbbing of the tractor.
J.Brzozowski, R.Jakubowski, B.Kaweeka, A.Pietrzykowa,
J.Rodziewicz
WORK HYGIENE AND STATE OF HEALTH OF PEOPLE WORKING 07.
ACCORDING TO THE USE OF CALCIUM-ARSENATE AT WESTING
AWAY THE "LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA".
Annales UMCS, 1953, Sec.D, vol.VIII, p.17,p.282
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J.Brozowski, R0Jakubowski, B.Kawecka, A.Pietrzykowa,
J?Rodziewicz
STATE OF HEALTH OF WORKERS AND HYGIENE WORK-CONDI-
TIONS DURING THE WESTING AWAY OF THE LEPTINOTARSA
DECEMLINEATA0
Medycyna Pracy, 1954, Nr 2, p.100.
The authors made researches about the state of health
among rural workers (99 persons), working at the westing
of Leptinotarsa decemlineata, by the help of calcium
arsenates
The observations took place during the bespattering with
a solution of 0,5 % calcium arsenate, and the sprinkling
with a factory preparate of 10
The researches enclosed: ambulatory researches by physi-
cians; ambulatory tests for the Hb level evaluation,
further, on erytrocytes in blood and urine,' and a general
urinemanalize, on the arsen level in the urine.
In regard to the possibilities of liver damages, eleven
(11) among the tested people have been directed to the
II Interna-Clinic in Poznan (Posen), for an exacter con-
trole. The hygienic work=conditiona were tested,.w ith a
special regard for ars.en evaluation of the air, in the
work-area.
Air samples were gathered into bottles, filled with, water
- wb-me the arsen content has been definited (Gutzeit
method).
On the base of work-conditions, ambulatory, clinical and
laboratory tests,we could affirm that:
1. Arsen level in urine and air is..higher than the
industrial standard shows, though rural exhibitions
are occasional.
FOR GM
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2. The use of calcium-arsen dust is more dangerous
for workers. than sprinkling.
3. The workers showed changes caused by arsen.
4. A dependance of the arsen level in the urine,onto
exacerbation of clinical symptoms, could not be
affirmed.
J.Freytag, J.Brzozowski, R.Jakubowski, A.Pietrzykowa
WORK HYGIENE AND HEALTH OF WORKERS APPLYING
CALCIUM CYANAMIDE IN AGRONOMY.
Medycyna Pracy, 1953, No.5, p.363.
The authors discussed the activity mechanism of calcium
cyanamide being applied in agronomy, onto men organism,
with special regard on circumstances, being propicious
for all kind of intoxications, which may happen in rural
centres. The air around a sowing machine has been tested
for the content of calcium cyanamide and showed that its
concentration oscillates in limits of 0 - 1198 mg in
one liter of air. The tests have been performed by the
means of comparison between the two bottles, each
containing a liter of air. The absorption time was 3 mi-
nutes.
Azote has been definited by the means of the Kjeldahl
method and after that, count over in calcium cyanamide.
The results out of ambulatory clinical tests of 111 per-
sons whip were employed at rural work with calcium cyana-
mide, have been assembled by the authors on a tabula.
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J.Czajka, J.Brozowski
DEFINITION FOR HEXACHLOROCYC'LOHEXANE IN URINE
AND AIR.
Medycyna Pracy, 1954, Nr 5. p.343.
The authors.modified the definition for hexachloro-
cyclohexane in urine and air by adapting it to the
hydrolyze metalic Na, in the environment of Xylen. The
apply of the precipitation methods for the definition of
chlorus,often leads to great mistakes. The use of
reagents 0,01. enables the definition of HCH in
stiffings of about 250 g/l. By taking air tests one
should take care of the flow-rapidity which cannot over-
cross two lt/min. By the use of this method we could
carry out a definition for contents of HCH in air-regions
of rural labour, as well as for contents in urine from
persons fighting against.leptinotarsa decemlineata Say.
The air stiffing at rural work in fields showed an ave-
rage of 0,12 mg/l:, and for closed dwells, an average of
0,225 mg/l.
People working in such conditions showed a contain of
chloro-carbohydrides in urine, from 2,6 - 11,9 mg/i.
The extension for individual results was 0,27,6 mg/i.
J.Brzozowski, J.Czajka, T.Dutkiewicz,' I.Kgsy, J.W6jcik
WORK-HYGIENE AND STATE OF HEALTH OF WORKERS EMPLOYED 30.
IN FIGHTING WITH THE "LEPTINOTARSA DECEMLINEATA",BY
THE HELP OF HEXACHLOROCYCLOHEXAN AND DICHLOROETAN.
Medycyna Pracy 1954, Nr.2, p.89.
The authors performed researches about the influence of
HCH and dichloroetan on the health of workers.
roil
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The following researches were made;
a) ambulatory health control,
b) lobular tests for outfinding the allergy,
e) general urine-test,
d) blood-morphology,
e) tests for liver activity,
f) definition of HCH and bichloroetan in the air of
the work-area.
In order to-find a real definition for work conditions,
we carried out systematical observations on the method,
and this is different posts, we dfined HCH and chloro-
etan in the air. The results of these researches showed
clinical changes in 70 % of workers using dichloroetan
for their work, and in 66 % using.HCH. The percentage
of subjective changes was a lower one. The average. level
of HCH in the' air-A showed about 0,120 mg/liter, instead
of bichloroetan which showed 0,016 mg/liter.
J.Preytag, R.Jakubowski.
INVESTIGATIONS ABOUT THE WORK HYGIENE.
Polskl Tygodnik Zekarski, 1954, No.50, p.52.
Scientific workers of the State Institute of Rural Occu-
pational Medicine and Rural Hygiene had worked out a
method in support of a Government Office Bill from the
1.VIII.1954 which assures progress for the work safety
activity being fit for testing. This method agrees with
the purport of the mentioned bill and takes under consi-
deration the progress of agrotechnic with its practical
requirements.
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00 .
IV
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UL,
to
1. Technic physioal tests of the used engines and
apparatus, taking into consideration the postulates
of physiological work.
2 Health analyaes for people, being employed at
special works (test card for tractorists and perio-
dical investigations).
30 Periodical investigations of the workers of State
Engine Centres and testing their sanitary work con-
ditions9ae well as State Engine Centres workshops.
4o. Investigations of young people working at rural
mechanization.
Foundation of an establishment for conditions in
order to create the collaboration of technics and
physicians at projections for. new machines and
settlements for agronomy and forestry,,
J0Ereytagfl W0Szewczykowski
WORK-HYGIENE PROBLEMS FOR TRACTOR-SCHOOL PUPILS,, ;4(3,
Medycyna Pracy, 19559 39 p0187a
The authors analysed the influence of bad factors which
may happen for the pupils? organism, out of this kind of
work. The vegetative nerve-system, as well as the
bone-articular organ are particularly exposed to the
activity of mechanical stimulus.
The authors measured the work-places on the Ursus C-45
tractor,in order to test seat and helm dispositions.
Body measures of the driver have been performed,too.
They further stated the necessity of mutual filting
between the driver and the machine in order to the work-
mechanism, i.e. to find the way for equilibrating the
stream of work and the burden of the man, which should
FOP PFF1 1 Jr,
Ply
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not be nuisible for the tractorist?s organism. The
authors worked out rules for medical researches onto
the pupils of Tractor,-,Schools; young people with
diseases like: nerve-system troubles, bone-joint and
muscle diseases, tooth-caries, chronic naso-pharyngal
maladies and in generally weak-people and young men
of low growth, should not be accepted.
B.Szucki, B.Holeszowski
A NEW METHOD POR. QUANTITATIVE DEFINITION OF
ALDEHYD ACET IN THE AIR.
Medycyna Pra.;y, 1956, Nro2, po115fl
The authors worked out a new colorometrical method for
the definition of "aldehyd acet" in the air. We got
tests by the help of an air protration rinse-glass,
with a porous plate, by the velocity of 30 liter/hour.
For absorbing liquid, we used H2SO40 After precise
mixing the content of the rinse-glass - 3 ml - was
gathered and put into a gange with a content of
1 min 2 % solution of codeine, in 50 % H2SO 4* After
30 minutes the valor of the extension had been read
from Pulfrich? a photometer by using a filter S-47.
The stiffing of aldehyd was read from the standard
curve, preparated from solutions with known aldehyd-
atiffingsm The definition for this sample should be
executed in an interval of 4-5 hours, the valor of
the result can be lower about 10 % The definition
competence of the sample showed from 10 - 60 mg. The
test mistake was + 3
The fitness of this method has been tested from resear-
ches about labour conditions in a vinegar factory.
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J0Brzozowski9 V'0Berbe69 J0Rodziewicz9 J0W6jeik
WORK HYGIENE AND HEALTH-STATE OF PEOPLE
WORKING AT THE DESTROYMENT OF LEPTINOTARSA
DECEMLINEATA9' BY THE MEAN OF DICHLOROETAN0
Annales IIMCS9 19579 Sec3D9 vol. XII9 po281.
In order to answer the question as to which degree
dichloroetan could be fastidious for men working at
the destroying action of Leptinotarsa decemlineata,and
which kind of work-safety method should be employed,
the Institute for Work-Medicine and Hygiene (Lublin)
organized a research expedition in the years 1953-54.
We tested 118 workers and their work environment in
regard to dichloroetan content in the air. Their state
of health has been evaluated on the following tests:
ambulatory (dermatologs and internists) - some of
the workers were clinical-testeds and were for a
few days in hospital treatment;
general blood-morphology;
general urine analyaia;
estimation of dichloroetan in the .,urine;
liver activity (Quick) and epidermical tests
(Jadassohn Bloch)o
For the. results a statistical enregistration was made.
We confirmed that there may be a possibility of some re-
sorption of the chemical preparate by the respiratory
system. Taking in consideration the lack of knowledge
how to act with chemical compounds, we stated, that
there may exist a great possibility of absorption by
the akin. The changeable climatic conditions and in-
sufficient nourishment are of course most important
factors able to weaken the bodily resistance.
We stated that the stiffening of dichloroetan in the--air,
holds in limits9 or something. higher as the industrial
FOR UFF!ij USA MR Y
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standard permits,10e0 0,05 mg/liter. The period for
danger is a short one, and doesn?t awake any kind of
restriction. On the other hand it often happens that
somebody being careless pours the chloroetan on clothes
and body; sometimes the utensils are not suitable, so-
metimes people do not realize that carelessness means a
serious danger for their health. Chloroetan absorber
itself very easily even through a not-damaged skin.
We didn't remark serious intoxications but we found in
10 % of tested workers lesions evoked by chloroe.tan,and
we had to remove them from work with chemical compounds.
The dichloroetan level in urine cannot be a factor for
the degree of a damage in ones' health. Blood-tests
showed in 18 % a level-increase, in 75 % fall of the
neutral absorbement of white blood-corpuscles, and 90 %
showed an increase of lymphocyt number.
These changes were due to early intoxication (exposition
as to 6 weeks). Results of active liver tests (hipur-
test, of Quick) were not satisfactory.
B. Szucki, Z. Soczewix ska
DEFINITION FOR ACET-ALDEHYD IN THE BLOOD OF
EXPERIMENTAL ANIMALS.
Annales UMCS, 1957, Sec.D, vol.Xll, p.210
In connection with blood investigations about the in-
fluence of calcium cyanamide and alcohol etylene on
animal's organism, a colorymetrical method has been
worked out in order to definite the presence of acet-
aldehyd in the blood of experimental animals.
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Por this method we used the many coloured reaction
of acet-aldehyd on codeine, in an environment of
stiffen H2504. We put into a blood-sample of 3-4 ml
a whirled solution of sodium Me2804; after that,
destilated aldehyd, into acet-sulphur, stiffed to 3 ml.
The destilation was performed at the temperature of
80 - 85?C, during an.interval of 30 minutes. It was
passed, at the same time, through the air test. The
distilation done, we added a 2 % solution of codeine in
50, % H2804, which was put into a recipient.
The intensity of colour has been read from Pulfrich's
Photometer by using the filter 5-47.
The aldehyde level was to be seen on the standard curve
which was made out under the same conditions, from so-
lutions of known aldehyde stiffings.
The competence of acet aldehyde definitions in the
blood-sample showed 10-7 mg.
The error between the individual definitions did not sur-
pass + 3. 96. This me thod has been verified by the quan-
tity definition of acet. aldehyde contents in the rabbit's
blood, among which an alcohol investigation has been
evoked, by adding. ethyl alcohol and dizyklohexil tetro-
etyltiuran.
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J.Brzozowski9 B.Szuoki,.K.Turowicz, M.Podolak9
J0Rodziewicz9 D.Wijakowska
D.D.D. WORKERS" STATE OF HEALTH IN THE DISTRICT
OF DUBLIN
An elaborate worked out on a base of periodical
researches.
Bul. of D D D9 19579 11. 19 1910
In 19579 25 worker89 employed in DDD9 had to pass
through periodical researches (district of Lublin).
They all were submitted under double control of their
state.of health. After excluding symptoms which could
be provoked by other supplementary pains9 we analyzed
only those, which were caused by the activity of che-
mical factors9 being used in the DDD action. Beside
clinical tests9 the patients have been subdued to
supplementary researches. They were:
1. an entire blood morphology9
2. bleeding and coagulation-time,
3. generally urine test,
4. rentgenological researches of the respiratory
system9
5? skin tests for the ability of alcali neutrali-
za ti on,
5r evaluation of the talium-hydrogen-chloride-sulpha-
tea, and porfiryne level in the urine.
A confrontation of research and laboratory results with
the work-conditions showed9 that in the present conditions
in Poland workers being employed in the DDD-Service, are
greatly exposed to the activity of hydrogen-ohloridea and
their solvents.
By the apply of this diagnostic method, we couldn?t find
other kinds of damage, provoked by chemical compounds.
In half of these researches we constated an increase of
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LM, S, ~1\lv
urobilinogen in the urine, and one serious alergical
case of alfanatylo urea and derivates.
V'.Missiuro, J.Preytag
A TEST OF PHYSIOIOGICAI. CHARACTER IN TRACTOR WORK. +. f3
Medycyna Pracy, 1957, No.2, p.99.
The organism of a rural tractorist is subjected to the
influence of a lot of environment factors. We want to
enumerate those which merit a particular attention:
1. influences of combustibles, mechanical vibrations,
provoked by the'tractor work,
2. influence of meteoclimatical conditions.
All these factors have been analyzed from the physiologi-
cal point of view.
As to the work, we already showed the reaction of the
circulation and respiratory organs, besides of the nerve-
muscle system and changes provoked by gases.
The characteristical activity reaction of the circulation
organ to the work was led on measuring the arterial pres-
sure by the help of mercur strignomanometer, and onto a
registration of the active heart currents in final repo-
sitions.
The tests have been performed in rural conditions, before
and after the tractorists? work. The metabolism tention
has been designed by help of the calorimetrical Douglas-
Haldane method. We registrated also the activity cur-
rents, diverted out of triceps sura muscle, in standing
position, and on tiptoe. The currents have been diverted
by the help of two hyposuccing electrodes. The reception
electrode in the motoric point of the muscle, "neutral"
at its base, has been measured by the power of handfinger
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17
curving, by the help of a spring dinamometer. The
given.results allowed us to admit, that there may occur
a systale state in the small blood vessels. A moderate
tension at the analyzed work (harrowing, potatoe-plant-
ing, corn-seed) showed the average of a day use (24
hours), i.e, of 3777 calories.
J.Danielski
THE PROBLEMATIC OF RURAL WORK AND ITS NEEDS.
Medycyna Praoy, 19579 No.6, p0437,
The author points to scientific literature about work
hygiene, and comparises our and foreign work laws. He
gives a short outline of'most important problems and
needs of rural work, and work-hygiene. He divided the
large sphere of these work and its hygiene in the
following groups:
1. Personal hygiene and life conditions of rural
workers.
2. Prevention for rural workers, against social and
40
50
60
70
8.
parasite diseases.
Hygiene in rural building.
Sanitary farm-settlements.
re among rural workers.
Laws and prescriptions for hygiene and work safety
standard in agronomy.
Problems, being related to pathophysical rural work.
Hygiene and safety in agronomy.
Teaching hygiene and work safety in agronomy.
Organization of physician care,and morbidity structu-
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- r8 -
The author discusses the problems of sanitary teaching,
dwelling hygiene and nourishment hygiene, being related
to life conditions,as well as fighting against alcoolism.
He enumerates diseases which often occur among rural
workers, and traces the main principles for prophylactic.
The author divided the problem into three questions:
Dwelling building, farm building, work establish-
ments. He speaks about the necessity of linking
the three groups together, which may lead to
establish the hygiene problem for rural work, by
taking its needs under consideration.
The author emphasizes that tasks,wkich arise out of
the problems should deduct from a real background,
everyone.,... of these questions must find a solution
which must be conform to the needs of particular terrain.
These problems need an efficacious scientific and social
collaboration with the state and its regional admini-
stration.
J.Preytag, J.Brzozowski
THE INFLUENCE OF AZOTE ON THE HEALTH OF RURAL
WORKERS.
Medycyna Pracy, 1952, Nr.2,p.171
J.Brzozowski, R.Jakubowski, A.Pietrzykowa, J.Rodziewicz
WORK-HYGIENE AND STATE, OF HEALTH OF WORKERS
DEALING AT EMPLOY OF AZOTE IN AGRICULTURE.
Annales UMCS, 1958, See.D,vol.VIII,p.302.
it ~~,D fl
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d).
-19-
J.Preytag, J.Brzozowski, R.Jakubowski, A.Pietrzykowa
WORK-HYGIENE AND STATE OF HEALTH OF PEOPLE
WORKING AT EMPLOY OF AZOTE IN AGRICULTURE.
Medycyna Pracy, 1953 a Nr. 5, p.363.
The authors show us results carried out of own observa-
tions concerning the state of health and the work condi-
tions of rural workers, who employ calcium cyanamide at
spring-time in corn-sown. The control of their state of
health has. been completed, besides physician-ambulatory
researches, by laboratory urine and blood tests, epider-
mical skin tests, and. the evaluation of azote contains
in the air. Every worker 'has been contraUed before and
immediately after work. Researches were made onto 65
workers. Among subjective symptoms we could often
recognize weakness, bad self-sensation, aspire lose,
head-aches and giddiness, ringing in the ears, baking in
the conjuctiva, a feeling of hot on face and neck, pain-
ful hands-skin, throat-scratching, painful cough, and
baking behind the sterum. These kind of pains lasted
generally some days, and sometimes even manifold. Sub-
jective symptoms were,. before all, on the skin and mucosas.
Laboratory tests for urine and blood, didn?t show conspi-
cuous deviations from the standard.
In three cases (among 31 tested) "the epidermical skin
test w as positive.
The contents of azote in the air oscillated in limits
from 0,11 mg/liter , the average was 150 mg/liter.
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J.Freytag, ' T.PleszczyLiski
INVESTIGATIONS ABOUT WORXER?S SICKNESS DISCHARGE
IN POLISH STATE ENGINE CENTRES. (POM).
Annales UMCS 1959, Seo0D9 Vol. XIV/18, P-157
The absence of sick workers, in the Machine Centres is,
taken from the economical and sanitary point of view, a
special one. This problem differs of the absence prob-
lem for industrial workers, and didn?t as to how, find
a real print in our national literature. The Institute
for Rural Medicine and Hygiene showed that the amount
for loss (work days) in the POM is a big one. We found
in POM a statement of 3 % cases (76 % for the total),
of lost workdays. We may accept as pawn for the State
Engine Centres an amount of 100 - 110 thousand lost work
days for a year. The amount of lost workdays was con-
sequently 81.472 days. The highest disease positions
are: trauma with complications (something about 37 %).
They represent more than 41 of the total sump in regard
with the loss of work-days. Among traumas we found that
25 % of lost workdays were leg fractions, 11 % hand
fractions. The average for lost workdays because-of leg-
fractions is 81 days; for hand-fractions - 56 days; for
rib-fractions - 42 days. Hand injuries mean a loss of
6 work days. Applies payed for injuries, losses for ru-
ral work, because of the discharged workers who cannot
act, especially during season production, should be taken
under consideration.
All these accidents show how rational are all expenses
for bhp (work-safety) and it high meaning for a develop-
ment of this institution.
There should be many outpost of Work Safety, through the
rural districts o:2.our country.
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rMM b}d~~+\ '7
J.Preytag, W.Nicewiez, W.Pleszczynski
.
DUST CONCENTRATION AT TRESHING AND DEFINITION ~j(,( 2 ;
FOR THE MICROFLORA IN DUST.
Arch.Hygiene u.Bakteriol., 1959, Bd.43, H.5,p.322.
Rural production has many charecteristical activities
which produce dust. Dust has a great extension. The
literature shows that there is an enormous disproportion
of works, consecrated to dust and to pneumoconiosis-in
agronomy and in industrial work. An especially great
pollution through the work environment can be observed
at treshing; there the harmfulness of the dust is joined
together with its organical structure and where we can
find the bacterial mycological flora, which is not indi-
fferent to us because it often produces repeated intoxi-
cations to the damaged tissue in the inhalatory system.
The presence of silicon alliances, being non organical
compounds of the dust, being provoked by treshing, may
show a very complicated clinical picture for its reaction
onto lung telas.
The authors confirmed in people working at the treshing
engine acute bronchus catarrh; they tested the whole
material gathered from the coniunctiva sac, nose and
larynx of workers, as well as the dust, by means of a
direct sediment method, and just there where people
worked. They used for their investigations agar agar
medium, agar agar mixed with blood, agar agar sabourau
and agar agar of potatoes. They affirmed that among the
isolated kinds they could find Fungi imperfecti, which
takes a great part in men and animal pathogeny and de-
velops mycosis in the inhalatory system and on the skin'
It should be very necessary to introduce the clinical
diagnosis for all these cases, especially in the country.
The diagnosis should be based on mycological investigations.
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That may allow the researcher to discover a very big
number for mycosis intoxications, which at this moment'
is rather impossible.
W.Pleszczynski
THE DUST PROBLEM IN AGRONOMY9 SEEN FROM A POINT
OF VIEW OF A TECHNICAL MEASUREMENTS METHOD.
Biuletyn IMP and HW,?19609 Nr.11
Many activities occuring in rural production cause
clouds of dust of a very wide extension. This dust
expansion is one of the most serious problems concerning
this kind of work from a hygienical point of view.
Wherever dust appears it always has a different cha-
racter which depends on its different origin, chemical
composition, form, weight9 grain-size and its mutual
relation of individual fractions ... and so on' which
may cause serious difficulties, being of methodical na-
ture. A review of investigation methods, used for hy-
gienical tests of environment pollution allowed us to
confirm that as to the conditions for the rural dust,
the best results may be obtained by the means of a mem-
brane measure filter.
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J.Brzopowski, B.Szucki, M.Podolak, W.Berbed
THE LEVEL OF CHOLINESTERAZE OF HEALTHY PEOPLE.
Medycyna Pracy, 19609 Nr o 6, po 4210 ~~g?
Considering the changeability of the cholinesteraze
level measures for the activity of the enzyme have
been performed among various kinds of population, and
this on 149 healthy people, living in the district of
Lublin. The tests have been subdued to physician?s
selection and were divided into two groups. The first
one were the blood-givers. The Transfusion-Station of
Lublin, errected the following conditions:
For women: Hb over 75 % and 400.000 erytrocytes for mm3
For men: Hb over 80 %, 4.500.000 erytrocytes for mm3, fur-
thermore complete lack of whatever changes, stated by
physical researches, and by the help of supple., ntary re-
searches.
The second group were patients from the provincial
Council-Station for professional diseases in Lublin,
responding to the following conditions: Hb above 80 %
and 4.5000000 erytrocytes in mm3., and lack of whatever
kind of diseases.
The definition for choli nesteraze level was carried out
from the plasma of 143 persons, among them 55 women.
The definitions have been carried out by the Michel
method, modified by Janok-Liski, which is based onto
measuring the changes caused by the potential electrodes
(calomel-glass), thanks to a progressive stiffing of
vinegar, and secretion during the enzymatic hydrolize
of .acetyloholine. We tested the following activities of
enzyme :
red blood corpuscle: middle - 0,708 A pH/hours; value
limit : 0, 50 - 1,10 ? pH/ ,,hours
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plasma: middle - 0,7'21/ pH hours, value limit: 0,40 =
1, 50 A pH/hours
A great disperse of individual activity of cholinesterazes
creates a necessity for carrying out the. first defini-
tions before beginning the work with organic-phosphoric
preparations, because only then one can affirm, if the
drop of activity in the enzyme is.essentialo
J0Billewicz-Stankiewicz,:~_Pawxowski
TESTS ABOUT THE INFLUENCE OF INHALATED CALCIUM
CYANAMIDE ON PHYSICAL EFFICIENCY IN EXPERIMENTAL
ANIMALS.
Zeitschr.f.dages.Hygiene u.Grenzgebiete.1960,9,p0540.
These kinds of tests have been performed for white rats
and mice. The animals have been put in the inhalation
cell and exposed to a dusty suspension of about 3 mgocon-
centrated azote in one liter of air. The rats'efficien-
cy has been measured by the means of swimming time in.
a water of 36 - 370C9 by adding a load.of about 30 gr.
After having.exposed the animals for ten minutes a day
under the azote influence, the authors observed that
they swimmed for a shorter time - in comparison with
control estimation. This grew stronger every dey and
certificates the accumulation of calcium cyanamide acti-
vity.
An exposition for 20 minutes showed a higher intensivi-
ty of this action - in the sense of a quicker accumula-
tion. Average times for swimming in day series, when
the animals had been exposed to inhalation were lower,
in comparison with the average time, when the animals
had not been exposed to inhalation. The average diffe-
rences were statistically characteristic.
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White mice being put in Schlagi.ntweit?s actograph two
times for 15 min.; by a rest of 10 - 30 min. they in-
halated calcium cyanamide dust. The individual mobili-
ty of the animals was lower after 10 or 20 min.lasting
inhalation. The resting in the inhalation cell, where
calcium cyanamide had-not been introduced didn?t change
the animals mobility. Actographical curves had been
not only visually estimated, but also by definition of
movement numbers. The statistical analyse showed that
lower movements of animals being under the influence of
inhalation are very significant. As to their stay in
inhalation dell and the influence of such factors as the
motor noise9 the current of air, and so on, does not
awoke statistical and real changes in the animal?s mobi-
lity.
The authors think9 that calcium cyanamide being rather
not very toxical, exerces nevertheless a negative influen-
ce on living organisms, and evokesa decrease of indivi-
dual and physical efficiency and mobility. These pheno-
mena explain the necessity to protect people working in
calcium cyanamide dust against the inhalation of this
substance in the respiratory organs.
B0Szucki, Z.Soczewitska
THE METHODS OF AIR DETERMINATION CF CALCIUM
VERSENA TE, CALCIUM CYANA TE9 HEXACHLOROCYCLO-
HEXANE, AND DICI#LOROETHANE ADAPTED TO THE
RURAL INVESTIGATION.
Medycyna Pracy, 1960, XI9 69 464?
As there exists the necessity of adaption of laborato-
ry methods to the conditions in which the investigations
in the field of occupational hygiene are carried out, as
well as in view of the interest aroused by the problem of
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standards and the methods of the standard investigation,
the authors made an attempt to present the methods used
in their own studies.
The experience resulting from the investigations on
the effect of calcium versenate9 calcium cyanate, hexa-
ohlorocyclohexane and dichloroethane has permitted to
introduce some modifications in the laboratory method
of air examination, which are the subject of this pub-
lication.
J.Billewicz-Stankiewicz, W.Tyburczyk
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF PHYSICAL
WORK U'ON CHANGES IN THE BLOOD CHOLINESTERASE
ACTIVITY.
Medyeyna Pracy, 19609 XI9_6, 427.
The investigations were made on with rats subjected to
the effort test (swimming test). Before and after the
effort test the red blood cell and plasma cholinesterase
activity was determined. It was stated that after one
hour effort test the red blood cell cholinesterase acti-
vity increases significantly. Moreover, in the course
of further experimental series, it was stated that the
sympathetic system has no influence on plasma and
erythrocytes cholinesterase levels This statement is
based on the results of determinations made after admini-
stration of atropine and dihydroergotoxine. It was
proved too, that the administration, before the effort
test, of atophane causing disturbances of the liver
function, provokes after the effort no increase of the
activity of cholinesterase contained in erythrocytes.
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In connection with this and after having verified
that this phenomenon does not depend upon the blood
inspissation, the authors came to the conclusion that
a longer physical effort causes the increase, of activity
of the non-specific cholinesterase,,which is taken by
erythrocytes.
J.Brzozowski, B.Szucki, M.Podolak, CJ.Berbed -
CHOLINESTERASE LEVEL IN HEALTHY MEN.
Medycyna Pracy, 1960, XI, 6, 421.
As the cholinesterase level is different in different
populations, the determinations were carried oat in the
district of Lublin among 149 healthy men. The determi-
nations were made with the Michel?s method modified by
Janok and Liska.
The following enzyme activity was stated: the red blood
cells 0, 7089 pH,/h, limit values - 0, 50 - 1,10 pH/h,
plasma - mean: 0,72,12 pH/h, limit values 0,40 - 1,50.
The necessity of.the preliminary cholinesterase.determi-
nation before the work with organophosphoric insecticides-,
is to be started, w as emphasized.
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-_ l
~. 4i tF~1~7} l1
J0Billewicz-Stankiewicz, L.Pawxowskj
EXPERIMENTAL STUDIES ON THE EFFECT OF CALCIUM
CYANAMIDE INHALATION UPON THE HIGHER NERVOUS,.
ACTIVITY OF ANIMALS.
Medycyna Pracyq 1960, XI, 6. 4330
The investigations on the effect of inhalation of
calcium cyanamide dust upon the higher nervous activi-
ty were carried out in rats. Conditional reflexes were
created.in rats. These reflexes were stereotypical for
the following stimuli and ranged as follows: 1 and 2 -
bell sound, 3 and 4.- red light, 5 - bell sound,
6 - tinkle roar (buffer differentiation stimulus), 7 and
8 - bell sound, 9 and 10 - red light. Resting in the in-
halation chamber and the roar of the electric aspirator
provoke in rats no real changes-in the stereotype. Shorter
exposures to the action of calcium cyanamide dust suspen-
sion (2,9 mg/1 1 - 2300 thousand particles in I liter of
air) in the limits from 10 to 50 minutes have caused the
weakening of the inhibitory processes. The longer inha-
lation of calcium cyanamide (1 - 2 hours) in all animals
have lead to the weakening and then to the disappearance
of many positive reflex reactions. These phenomena lasted
up to several hours after the end of inhalation. During
the next period of eleven days after stopping the expo-
sure to the calcium cyanamide action, the conditional
reflexes dame to the normal state. Dust suspension of a
concentration smaller about by half (1,6 mg/1 - 1300
thousands particles in 1 1) did not cause changes in the
conditional reflex activity of rats.
The authors came to the conclusion, that the treshold
concentration of dust suspension influencing the highest
nervous activity of rats lays between 1300 thousands to
2300 thousands particles in 1 liter of air, whereas tres-
hold activity time is ranging from several to ninety minu-
tes.
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e6
B.Szucki, Z.Soczewin'ska
A METHOD FOR DEFINITION OF CALCIUM ARSENATE,
CALCIUM CYANAMIDE AND DICHLOROETHANE,ADAPTED
TO RESEARCHES IN RURAL DISTRICTS.
Medycyna Pracy, 19609 6, p.463.
Taking in consideration, hygienic work conditions,at
the time of plant-shelter, a very simple. and exact
method has been worked out in order to definite indivi-
dual compounds in the air.
We used a notcapillary glass-cotton absorber in order
to test air, stained with calcium cyanamide. HCH (he-
xachlorocyclohexane), dichioroethane has been absorbed
on a silicagel column.
Calcium arsenate:
Ar,penate has been definited by the Gutzeit method. By
the help of a special construction of the apparatus
we got on blotting paper'satured with HgBr2, regular
stained blotches, having a tension which depends on the
quantity of reacting arsen-hydrogen. By help of'this
method, we can definite 1-30 mg of calcium arsenate in
the test, with an accuracy to 1 mg, occuring in lower
tensions, and 2-3, at higher ones, which depends on
the scale magnitude for prepared standards.
Calcium .cyanamide:
The definition for calcium cyanamide depends on the
quantitative determination of the cyanamide content. In
order to absorb calcium cyanamide. out of the air,-an
absorber, filled with glass cotton, it?s inside stratum
being 10 cm thick, has been wetted with paraffin-oil.
Using our method for the definition of calcium cyanamide,
the secretion of amoniac was resorbed in a.H3BO3 solution,
and (demeasured) 0,02 n HC1.
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JkL
Hexachlorocyclohexane:
The definition for HCH supports on the oxidize of the
preparate by help of x207 with a stiffing of H.SO4
in the temperature of 130-135?C and the absorption of
secreted Ch in an acid solution of tolidine.(CH3C6H4NH2).
A yellow compound, carried out from the result of reaction
can be definited colorimetrically on Buffrich?s Photome-
ter, using a filter S=47, or by demeasurement (0,0001 n
Na2S.203)o The competence of definition HCH in the test
is 5-70; middle mistake = 4,5 %.
Dichloroethane:
The base for dichloroethane definition is Fahy's method,
which depends upon an aloalical hydrolize and demeasu-
rement of the resting chiorures 0,01 n Ag NO3 in the pre-
sence of K2Cr04: There are new conditions for hydrolize,
which short the duration of reactions as to 5 hours. The
hydrolize has been carried out in the environm nt of
alcohol izo-propil at 70?C. This new discovered method
gives 0,297 mg; middle mistake ? 2,2 %.
A,Jasifiski, W.Tyburczyk
ESTIMATION OF ADRENALINE OXIDASE IN BLOOD PLASMA, . 32
BY MEANS OF A COLOMETRICAL METHOD.
(in impr. )
A micromethod has been worked out which estimates the
activity of phenolo-cytrochronic -.and amino oxidase,
as well as nonenzimatical oxidase of the blood plasma.
Adrenaline has been used as substrate. Separate enzyme
groups had been differentially estimated. The colorime-
trical method estimated pink stained andrenaline, as an
endproduct of adrenochrom. This differential, blocked
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U 1Y
the activity of individual enzymes, by the mean of a
suitable chemical-pharmacological substances as:
potassium cyanide wersenian soda, iproniasyd. In
order to restrain enzyme reactions natriumazide has
been used, and for stabilization of the organized
adrenaline, the acidification of 0,05 N HCLO
The estimations have been performed by the means of
Puifrieh's photometer in microcuvettes of 5 cm, by
the use of a filter with maximal absortion of 500 m,
in the presence of a phosphorised buffer pH-6,0. The
highest conditions for adrenaline inactivity through
the blood plasma, - by means of individual parameter
investigations as: temperature, buffer concentration,
pH-environment and substrate concentration, - have been
established.
A phosphorated buffer of isotonic concentration pH-6,0
has been used for the investigations. The incubation
time lasted for 30 minutes, at a temperature of 3 7?C.
Andrenaline has been added in form of substrate to the
samples, with a quantity of 50 ' in two drops of 3 %
oxigenated water. The investigations were made on
human blood.
On the base of these tests one can suppose that the
oxydase of adrenaline through catalising plasma corps,
forms adrenachrom, which in dependence of pH environ-
ment, turn quickly or somewhat slower, into melanin.
The acid environment stabilises perfectly the formed
andrenochrom. The activity of the monoamino-oxidase
was a so small one, that it showed to be between the
error limits of the method. It seems, that the mono-
amino-oxidase of human plasma doesn't have a, great
meaning for inactiving adrenaline.
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J0Billewiez-Stankiewiez, L.Pawlowski
EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATION OF THE INFLUENCE OF
INHALING CALCIUM CYANAMID, IN THE HIGHER NERVE
.ACTIVITY IN ANIMALS;
(in impri)
The authors performed their researches upon this object
on rats, They observed conditional reflexes, stereotypi-
cally arranged for exitementa, and noted the following
alternations& -1 and 2, Bell?s tune; 3 and 4, red light;
5 bell?s tunes 6 tinkeling noise; (a differential skid
exitement); 7 and 8 bell?s tuned 9 and 10, red light.
The stay in the inhalation cell, and the noise of an
electric aspirators didn?t cause essential changes in the
rat's stereotype. Shorter expositions onto the activity
of dusting calcium cyanamid emulsion 2,9 mg/L (2300"thou-
sand particles in a liter of air), during a limit of 10-
15 minutes, caused a debilation of the skid processes in
animals. A longer inhalation of calcium cyanamid (1-2
hours) let to a general debilitation in all the animals,
and further to an evanescence for positive reaction reflexes.
They showed to be phenomena, lasting from 10- to some ten
hours after the inhalation, During the next eleven days,
after interruption of the exposition to inhalation, the
.conditional reflexes returned to their standard line. The
dusting emulsion,'having a density half less than 1,6 mg/L
(1300 thousand particles in 1 liter of air) didn?t cause
any change in the conditional reflexion activity of rats.
The authors infer, that a limend concentration of the
dusting emulsion, exersed on a higher nerve activity in
the rats, lays between 2,9 mg a 1,5 mg/L (1300 thousand
particles to 2300 thousand particles in a liter of air);
the limend time of activity = from about 10-some ten
minutes.
FOR 9W IT . 11 1 N!L
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/12/13: CIA-RDP80T00246AO15400530001-2