FOREIGN DOCUMENT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010012-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 304
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 4, 2010
• Sequence Number: 12
• Content Type: MISC

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
}#o6exa, fflopA icH, Boe-,ara H CbIpTJIaH-JIH. HpeAcTaBJleHbl 0x11 rJI[IEIaMH
^C HOA41HeIIHbIMH. HPOCJIO}MH rJuHHHCTbIX neCKOB.
B 6eperOBOM 06pbIBe 3araAHOH LIaCTII LIeJIeHeHa 06HamaIOTCn c iaiiiAeBaTble
rJIHHbI KpaCHOBaTbIX, CepblX H LlepHhIX TOHOB, OTHeceHHble eH;e B. H. Be6epOM
n H. IT. HaJIHu rIM (1911) K 6aJHHCKOMy HpyCy (HHHCHHH OTAeJI). OH11 11000-
rJIaCHO 3aiieraioT Ha OTJI05KeHIIax anmepo c oro npyca 11 HMOIOT B OCHOBaHHH
XapaKTepxbtn rOpH30HT, COCTOHWHH 113 MOJIKHX raCTpOHOA 11 MHIaHOK. 3Tu
liopOAbl (00o6eHHO KpaCHOBaTble 11 cepble rJIHHbI) co epxcaT MHO 1reCTBO paRo-
131H Didacna parvulaN a 1., D. aff. catillus E i c h w., D. sp. H Ap., Ha ocxoBaH11n
LIero HX Mo?KHO oTHeCTH H HH3aM 6aKHIIcHoro npyca. 0TJIOHfeHHa 3T11 ITOJ[OFO
AHCJIOIuHpoBanbI; yrJlbl naAeBHH HH?KHHX FOPH30HTOB AOCTHraIOT 14--16?.
TaHOro He xapaKTepa 6alHHCKHe oTJIO?HeHHn pa3BHTbI 13 paloHe HoTyp-
Tene (MHJIJIH-FyJIb), 01111 o611amaIOTCH H3-110A HH?KHexa3apcHHx MaJI11IIOBO-
KpacHblX FJIHH, nepeCJlaHBaIoa iixcH C HpacnoBaTO-cepbIMH rJIIIHIICThIMIl neC-
xaMH.
B paI3OHe He611T-,ara 6aHHHCHHe OTJIomeHHH npe;ACTaBJIexbl TOT 1I1eIi
nepecJla1BaIo 1Txcs 6ypblx H TOMHOCepbIX rJIHH H necHoB. Aim rJI[IH xapaK-
'TepHbI ToHTIaiiiime npoHJlaCTH11 o?I{eJIe3HellxbIx necHOB, a Aim neCKOB - MOJIKO-
BoJIHIICTan CTpyIILIaTan CJIOHCTOCTJ,. BaKHHCKHe ocaAKH 3aiieralOT HecorjlacHo
Ha pa3MbITOii nOBepXHOCT11 CpeAHero arimepoHa, Hecn B OCHOBaHHH 6a3aab1IMii
1{oiir io epaT (rOpr30HT n, HO H. II. HaJ ri1 HoMy). YFJIbI naAeHHa IIJIaCTOB
.AocTHraiOT AO 14-15?.
B BepXHeH nOJIOBHHe 6aKHHCKOii TOJIMH BCTpeLIeHO TPH OCHOBHbIX lIpO-
cJIOH, IlepenOJIHeHHbIx paHOB11HaM11 MOJIJIIOCKOB. 1/13 H11?KHero HpOCJioa onpe-
AeJleHbi Didacna parvula N a 1., D. parvula- nepexoA K D. catillus E i c h w.;
B CpeAHeM npocJloe HaHAenbl Didacna ex gr. parvula (KpyrIHbIH 3K30MH.r[IIp),
D. aff. cat illus. B BepxneM npOCJi0e BCTpe'IaIOTC} Kpynnble paKOBHHbI Didacna
aff. rudis N a 1., D. aff. catillus, D. bergi F e d., D. aff. Pravoslavlevi
F e d., a Tame MHOro D. ex gr. baeri G r i m m (uoHHMan 3TOT BHA mnpoiw).
B OTJIHiiHe OT HH?KHero H CpeAHerO npoCJIOeB, naPHbIX CTB0pOK 3Jecb
'HOL1T11 HeT.
EaRHHCKHe oTJIO?KeHHH pa3BHTbI TaHme HO OKpaIHaM cTpyKTypbI MOH-
-?KyKJIbI.
BocTOHHee, B ypo*IHHjax CeBepxbMH H IO?KHbii YpyH?KAHK H XyAaH-,ar,
-npeACTaBJIrIOHjIIX co6oi C11CTeMy BnaAHH, Bbipa6OTaITHMX B ggpaX He60.:IhL[I1Ix,
?oileHi, noJiornx allTHKJIHHaJlbHbIX CTpyRTyp, 6ai iiicrne ocaAKH CJIaraIOT
AHHHja n ocxoBaHHn CKJIOHOB (6opTOB) BnaAHH. HpeACTaBJIe16I 01311 TOJlU OH
TeMHOCepbIX H 6ypbIx rJIHH, HepecnalBalorLulxcr C FJIHHIICTbIMH IIOCKaM[I. i iri
rJIHH 3ACCb TaRHfe XapaKTepHbi TOHLIaHInie nPOIIJIaCTK11 yIJIOTHOHHbIX O?KO-
JIe3HeHHbIX neCHOB. B rJIHHaX BCTpeLIaOTCfl MHOFO HapHbIX CTBOPOK Dlda.^.na
parvula, D. parvula - HepexoA H D. catillus, D. sp. HoMHJIeKC c ayB:bi yKa-
3bIBaeT Ha HH?KHe6aHIIHCK11H B03paCT 3THX OTJIWHCHHH. TOJIH;a rJIHH H0.'IOro
.AHCJIOIuHpoBana. B 6aKHHCKHx rJIHHax, o6Ha?KaIOJJ14xcn BO BuaAHHax XyAaH-
,ar H II1op ma, a TaKHfe B HyM-,are H Ho6eie, MaHpo(J)ay11a He BCTpC'i0lla.
OTJIO?KeHHr 6aIHHCKOFO npyca OTMegelibI Ha Boe-,are H CMIpTJIaii-,la,
19e OH11 HpeACTaBJIeHbI 11epeAoBaHHeM FJIHH H neCKOB c iaynOH Dreissensia,
MOHUHOCTbIO B HeCKOJIbKO AOCHTKOB McTpOB.
HpoMe I ayHHCTHLIeCK11 oxapaKTeplT3OBaHHbIX 6aKHHCKHX rJIHH, B panolie
Typrai-,ara, Ha Ho6eKe H HyM-,are pa3BHTbI nec*IaHHKH, CTpaTHrpa( u-
liecnoe IIOJIOHHexne KOTOpbIX H03BOJIHIOT oTHeCTH HX yCJIOBHO K 6ammeKOMy
BpyCy.
OCHOBbIBancb Ha TOM, LITO 6aHHHCKHe OTJIO?KeHHs 3aJIeraIOT Ha CHJIbno
pa3MbITOM aIltHOPOHe (HepeAKO Ha CpeAHeM ero rOpII30HTO), MOHTHO B:peAno-
.JlaraTb Haim He 3Hai1HT0JIbH0r0 nepepblBa Memgy HaROHJICHHOM 3THX TOJIB4.
B H0JIb3y TaKOFO MHCHHH FOBOPHT H yrJIOBOe necornacHe MexHgy annlepoH-
CKHMH 11 6aKHHCKHMH CHOHMH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
MoI9HOCTb HIIHiHe6aKHHCHIIX rnHH B ecTecTBeHHbIx o6HwueHII3IX H3MepseTCa
HecROnbHHMH gecfTHaMH McTpoB, a Ha ocuoBaln n ganHblx 6ypeHHFI - AOCTH-
raeT COTeH McTpoB.
Bepxxe6a1HxcHHe OTJIO}KeHHFl, npej;cTaBneHHbie HecHaMH c MaccfBHOu
paxyIueH Didacna rudis N a I., D. all. rudis, D. carditoides A n d r u s.,
B 3HaiIIITenbHO14 eTeneHH pa3MbITbI uocnegyioweH a6pa3HeI3 H coxpaHTJHCb
B BHge oTjjenbnblx O6pbIBHOB Ha He(THHOi3 rope, `leneKeHe H B j[pyrux M3CTax.
B nepeOTJIOHCeHHOM 3aneraHHH Bepxxe6aIHHcxaH (ayHa BCTpetlaCTCfl B 6owiee
MOnojwbix ocaAiiax. MOWHOCTb Bepxne6aKHHCKHX oTno1SeH11i3 H3MOpHeTCFI
HecxonbHHMH McTpaMH.
CornaCHO iipe HM HCCJI09OBaHHHM A. C. Kecb (1939) H B. A. (D3AopoBwia
(1934), B pycne Y36oFi co6CTBeHHo 6aiHHCKau cf ayna HIT B xopanxoM, HH B nepe-
OTn01KeHHOM 3aneraHHH He o6uapymeua. Te me pe3ynbTaTbl j[ann Hariu Ha6nio-
j;eHHFi B 1943 r. H o6cTOHTCnbHble pa6oTbi Ha Tpacce I'JIaBHoro TypnMeHCxoro
KaHana B 1951-1952 rr. (awgHoe coo6weiine A. P. 35ep3HHa H JI. A. HeBec-
cxoH ).
OAHaHo B nocne) HHe ro ui ( ayiia HIIH Henaclrucxoro o6JIIKa (Bepxue6a-
E{HHCKan, IInn ypynj[?KHHCKaH) 6bina o6Hapy?Keua BO Buaj;HHax HyMce6IueH
n Kapaluop (nnuHble coo6vgeHHa A. P. 36ep3HHa, H. H. JlyIInoBa), a TaxxHe
BCxpbITa CKBaH{lHOH B HH3MeHHhIX KapanyMax Hecxonbno 3auaj;Hee Mepaj;H-
al3a Auixa6ajHnexBaabincxHM D. e be r-
s i n i F e d. OAHaxo noc 1eAHee o6CTOnTeJImCTBO OTJIIOAb He HBJIHOTC5 1 oIfa3aTeJi1CTBOM B
noJIb3y HHmiieXBajmbmcKoro Bo3paCTa TOJIIIja, IIOCHOJIbny nOCJIewHna COAep3nHT paioBHHbr
pyHOBOAHIII(Hx HH]KHexa3apcHax MOJIJIIOCKOB, a MenHHe x1JIeBaTbie (JOpMM $3 rpynnbl
D. ebersini B AannoM CJlygae, Han H B 6aHHHCiHx OTJIO)BOHHSX Toro-3aHa)HOI3 YaCTH Ilepe-
Bano-A%IAHHCxoi I'pHAW (Ho HaniHM Ha6nogeHHnM 1956 I'.), JIHmb COIIyTCTByIOT 0CH0BHOMY
ROMHJlexcy H CBH3aHhI co cneIIH(ngecKHMH 3nOJIoragecHHMn ycJIongana n IIpH6aJixaHCnOIl
H23MeHHOCTH. Ho3TOMy MM C*iwTaea yTBepmAesae J. A. HeBeccHoil Onin6ogHMIM.
3 3TOT BHA 661JI ycTaHOBneH B. B. BoratieBb1M, onnean H H3o6paxceH 0. B. ,I),ameBCxon,.
HO OCTaJICH Heony6nrnwBannbiM. I43o6pa3xeHHe D. eulachia ony6JIucoBaHo BIIepBble aBTO-
poM ((DegopoB, 1948); onncana ona H BHOBh H3o6paxceaa n 1953 r. ((De.opoB, 1953).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
as noAcTII.uaiou~Hx 6aKHIICRHx rjiimax, coAep EauwHx D. parvula, AaeT
ocHoBaHHe cgl{TaTb, 'ITO paRymeunni c D. eulachia MOJIO?Ke 6a1HHcHoro
npyca.
IIpHBOACM orncaHHe caMOro IIOJIHOrO
pa3pe3a 3TIIX H 60JIee MOJIOAbIx ocaAKOB
B payloiie ypoiIHILia 10miibiil YpyHA?KHK
(lair. 1). 3Aocb o6HaxcaIOTCti (CBepxy
BHH3):
Qs 1. IIJrau xpynHO3epIIHCTOrO Hecia, cocTOH-
rt cro H3 3epeII HBapia If TeMHOIJBeTHBIX
MitnepaJiOB, c raJIbHOH H J e6eHHot1 rpa-
HHTa, It3BeGTHHHa, HDapua. BcTpenalOTCH
nepeoTJlo?HeliHhIe Didacna, Corbicu.la,
iIJreIIHHH MOPCHHX JIHIIHLI. Mou noCTb AO
1 M.
Q 2 2. IIecox Hpyn11o3epHIHCTbIH, :c rpaBHeM H
rJIHHHIIOH raJIbHOH. MOMITOCTh 0,2 -
0,3 M. 3aJleraeT Ha pa3MbIToH noBepx-
HocTH IIOACTHJIaIowHX OTJIomeniI4.
Qh2' 3. TOJirua cBCTJIo1uoHOJIaAIIBIX H p030Ba- (I)Hr. 1. Pa3pe3 6aiiHCHHX H HHmHe-
TO-najieBblx rime, rIepeCJlaHBaIoII Itxcf co xa3apuiHx 0TJloHteHHH B ypO' Hlue
CBeTdIOCepbIMn MOJIR03epIIHCTLIMH neclta- IOH{HbIH YpyHAHt1H
Mn, COCTOFIFAHMH H3 30POlI Haapua H qIe-
myeH CJII0Abr. Mon(IlocTb 3-4 M. ,L~JIH riIHH XapaiTepHbl TOHrlalnIHe HpOnieacTHn
CJIIOAnCTOI'O HCCHa (~IeIIIyeit CJnoABi) HO IIJIOCHOCTFIM HaHJIaCTOBaHna H JInCTOBHAHble
HpOCJIOHHH HpnCTaJIJIOB rnnca. IIeciH OTJInnaIOTCH BOJIIIHCTOH CJIOHCTOCTbIO. B Bep-
Xax TOJIII[H HMCIOTCFI nnoronnc ieHHBIe paCTnTeJlbrILIe OCTaTHH B BnAe oTneuaTHOB
JIHCTbeB HaMbIIuC. 3Aecu MO BCTpenaIOTCH CTBOPHi Unio sp., Anodonta sp., HOTOpble
CTpaTHrpa4)wieCHn Iin?He CMeHHIOTCH MCJIHHMH Dreissensia. Euie IInSIte noaBJIFuOTCH
MCJIHHe Didacna w3 I'pynnbI D. crassa, CTaHOBJIMHeCn HHH3y HpynIlee H MaCCHBHee
H o6pa3ylou Fie CJiC YIOWHH cJIOH.
Q2 4. IIJIaCT paHylBenlIHHa MOIL[HOCTbIO go 2 it, HOACTHJIaeMbIH raJleiIHHHOM, COCTOHIIjiM
H3 CBeTJIOH n3BeCTHHHOBOH rairbiH HIu eBHAIsOH r)>opMbl. PaHymennnH COCTOHT H3
CTBOpoH HapAHHA it ApefceIIciurA, rAe rnraBHylo poJlb HrpaeT rpynna Didacna
crassa (nonnMar TOT BHA nlnpOHO). OTCIo)a onpeJ[eneHBI D. eulachia B o g. (F e d.)
(npeo6JlaAaeT), D. eulachia - nepexoA H D. nalivkini W a s s., D. all. delenda
B o g., D. karclini F e d., D. eulachia nepexog H D. surachanica A n d r.,
Dreissensia rostriformis H gp.
Qb 5. IIJIacT paHyHImIIIHHa 3a.IeraeT itecoriracHO na pa3MaITOH noBepxHOCTIT riimH 6aHHH-
cHoro Hpyca (c Didacna parvula) BHAHMOH MOIUHOCTbIO 4-5 M. ToJlrzza 3 oTHecena
x xa3apcHoMy Hpycy. AHaJiorwruan nocilegoeaTeJlbnocTb HanJIaCTOBaHna 6bIJIa
OTMe'IeIla no nepH iepHH 6paXnauTHHJI.HHaJIbHOH CTpyHTYpbI MOHHtyHJIbI.
DHr. 2. Pa3pe3 6ainIlcrnx
$ Hn?Hrrexa3apcHnx OTdroxte-
HHH Ioro-3anagcoro CHJIorra
Bnau maI Xygak-Aar
BocTO=IHee YpyHAxcHxa, B paIIone Bna-
AHHbM XyAaii-Aar, paiymenium D. eulachia (ypyH-
ASRHHCRHN, ropH30HT) IIOCTeneHHO BbIKJIHHHBaeT-
en. 3Aecb (rfiir. 2) Ha6nIoAaeTCx cneAyiow itH pa3-
pe3 (CBepXy BHH3):
Q3 1. IIecox HBapI(eBBIH, c rpaBHeM H raJrbHOH, 3aHJno-
iiaioIljHH oxaTaHHBIe Didacna H3 ypyHAHtHHCHoro
ropH3OHTa, a Taixte Corbicula fluminalis M ii 1 1.
MOHIIIOCTb McHee 1 at.
QiZ' 2. IIeCOH HBapueBO-CJIIOAHCTmIH, c riInHHHOE
raJIbHOH, MOMHOCTbIO OHOJIO 0,5 at, 3aireraeT He-
cornacno Ila Hi>HeJieniannHx OTJIO?rteHHHX.
#3. IIecox HBapI;eablH, rnHHHCTbiH, C TOH2aHIHHMg
OXPHCTbIMH HpOCJIOHMH, HpynnoBOJIHHCTOH CJIOH-
CTOCTH, MOJI HOCTbIO OHOJro 1,5 M.
Qb t 4. MoJIH03epIIHCTBIC necHH c MeiIHHMH D. eulachia. MOMHOCTb McHee 0, 3 M.
5. FJInHbI cBeTJIOHiorOJIaAHble II po3oBaTo-naiieBbie, IIJIOTHble, IlepeXOAHHZne HHH3y
B raHIIncTbie neCHn. MOIIjHOCTb 1 M.
6. IIJiaCT yrrJIOTHeIIHbIX O?HeJIe3IIeIIHIAX neCHOB. Mori noCTb OHOJIO 0,1 at.
2* 19
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Q' 7. HecHH McJIHo3epHHcTble c o6Hnbxog c ayuoii: Didacna eulachia, D. eulachia - nepe-
xoq B D. nalivkini W a s s., D. eulachia - iiepexoR B D. surachanica A n d r u s.,
D. karelini F e d., D. sp. Dreissensia rostri forrnis, nepexogaigHe Hnme B pblxJIbIH
paxyulegHHH. Mo rrocTb 1-1,2 M.
HB i e IIOCJie JIHHHH pa3MbIBa 3aJleralOT:
Qb 8. BaHHHCHHe CJIOHCTble rJIHHbI C OTJIeJIbffMMH TOHHHMH npoIJlaCTHaMH oHteJle3HeH-
HbIx IIeCHOB H peJ{HHMH CTBopuaMH D. parvula, BHgHMOg MOIIIHOCTbio 6-7 M.
AaJIee Ha BOCTOx, BJkoJIb 6OpTOB Bna)FIHbs Xyjtaii-gar, ypyiJt?uuKCUHI3
FOpg30HT c D. eulachia IIOCTeneHHO yMeHbIuaeTCH B MOCI(HOCTII. HapJtu)tbI McJIb-
gaIOT, pe.r elOT, JOCTeueHHO CMeHHIOTCH JtpeHCeHCHHJtaMH rpyuubl Dr. rostri-
formis. IIpoCJIejtHTb Ha BOCTOU 3TOT ropH3OHT He yi ajioeb.
B pycJle Y36oa MHOIHMH HccrieJtoBaTeJIHMH Y Me OTMegaJIIIci IIepeOT3IO-
?uenHble HHMHexacnrIIIcHHe paHOBHHM COBMeCTHO C IIpecHOBOJ{HbIMIi. Pa6o-
TaMH Ha Tpacce FJlaBHoro TypRMexcuoro uaHaJIa (JIHgHoe c006u cHHe
A. P. 36ep3HHa H JI. A. HeBecc1COyl) yCTaHOBJieHO, gTO HaclhiIcHaa (ayxa,
upegcTaBJIeHHaa rJIaBHbIM o6pa3oM Didacna kalickii E b e r s., He pacupocT-
paHHeTCH BOCTOgxee HorioJtrta Hb13-IIapa, T. e. He 3axOJtMT BocTOgHee npegeJIOB
EaJIXaueRoro uoprIJtopa. Becnolf 1952 r. JI. A. HeBeCCUOil (JlHgHoe coo6Hte-
nHe) cenepnee XyJtail-Kara, B paiioHe oc'Taxlta C HOCTHMFI Elephas, 61IJIg
o6HapyxceHbi neCKH c D. kalickii, 3aJieraioIItne, no ee MHeHgIO, in situ, B HH3ax
aJIJIIOBHa3IbHO-JteJILTOBOld TOJIIItl. CyJti no noaomwihIo 3TIIX ueCHOB, OHH
J;O3ni{Hbi cuopee BCerO 3arieraTb CTpaTHrpa4 )HgeCHH Bblmie ypyHgmHUcuoro
rOpg3OHTa c D. eulachia (HJIII COOTBeTCTBOBaTb eMy.?). Tau HJIII IIHage, D. kali-
ekii 3aJleralOT B HH3ax upeCHOBOJtHO-HOHTHHeHTaJIbHOi3 TOMAH. CTpaTlIrpa4 Hge-
CKOe 3HageHHe 3TOi3 4 OpMbi elite He BIIOJIHe HCHO.CpaBHeurte C HII?I(Hexa3apcHHM101
MOJIJIIOCUaMH uaBHa3CHoro no6epe1{b} noHa3hIBaeT 60JIbniyio 6JI1130CTb D. ka-
lickii H HiHCHexa3apcxoMy xoMUJlexcy (IayHbl, ileM H Bepxxe6au]IHCxoMy.
Bo Bcex nepegHC3lenHMMX 06Ha EeHI1HX, 0c06eHHO B pal3oHe YpyHJ mHxa
H Xyitag-gara, BHJtHa nocTenenuoczb UepexoJta pauymegHgica ypyHJtxcHH-
c oro ropH30HTa B BbIIIIeJiexcaIItHe oTJIOWeHnH. Em e pa3 HanOMHIiM, tITO Didac-
na eulachia BBepx HOCTeneHHo MeiibgaiOT, peJtelOT, cMeHHIOTCH Dreissensia
rostri f ormis, a elite Brine - TaHme HOCTelIeHHO cMeHHIOTCH oTJIOMeH13HMH
c HpecHOBOJtxoii (layfiog (Unio) Il, HaHOHer, Ha3eMHMMII o6pa3oBaulHMII
C paCTHTe3ILHMIMH OCTaTHaMH (cM. pa3pe3 B IO?RHOM YpyHgmHHe).
BaHi3HCHHe OTJIOx1eHHH npe)tcTaBJleHM IIpe1Myll;ecTBeHHO rJIHHaMII, a B
ocap$ax BbIme ypynW iviucHoro ropH3oHTa HeMajlyio p03Ib urpaeT necgaHari
( paHrI nx, Jta H caMH riiHHbl 3J;eCL 6o3Iee IIecgax)3cTbI H IImIJIeBaTbi. 9TH OTJIO-
HceHHH B 1943 r. 6M3IH OTHeceHbl HaMH H xa3apcxoMy Hpycy ((DeJtopoB, 1946).
HHUaRoro HecorJlacin Hint Jtpyroro npH3Haua, yua3biBaloitero Ha II3Mexexxe
pemHMa Bcero MopJI, HpH nepexo a ypyHJtHf1IHCROrO ropH3oHTa B BbIIIIe3IeH -
Htyio IIpeCHOBOJtHO-uoHT1HeHTa3ILHyIO (a3IJIIOBHa3ibxo-Jte3IbTOByI0) TO3IIIty He
IIMeeTCH. LITo uacaeTCH CMeHLI npri6perumix MOIICHFIX yCJIOBITi3 upeCHOBbJt-
HbiMH H Ha3eMHbIMFI, TO OHa HMeeT MecTHOe 3HageHHe H CBH3aHa c perpeccHeg
MOpFI H IIepeMerI eHHeM C BOCTOUa JteJIbTM Hpa-Amy-gapb t. IIOaTOMy upOBeJte-
HHe HH?HHeii CTpaTgrpa()HgeCKOi3 rpaHHitbl xaaapcHoro Hpyca ogexb 3aTpyJt-
HHTe3IbHO.
ECJIII ypyHJt?HHUCUIII3 r0pH3OHT CgHTaTL uepexo nbIM OT 6aH1Vlxcuoro
ilpyca H xa3apcxoMy, TO 3Ta rpaH1Ita npol3JteT, BI) 11MO, TaM, rJte IOMIIJIeKC
Didacna eulachia cMeHHeT upecxoBoJtuaa 4 ayna (Unio, Anodonta). Ho Tauan
rpaHHIta B 3HagHTe3Ibxoii Mope 6yJteT HcuyccTBeHuoi3. OxoHtlaTeJlbHOe peuienHe
arorO BOnpOCa OT3IOH{HM AO paccMOTpeHIEH Bcex 6eperoB Mopes, a noua 6yReM
CtHTaTb aJIrIIOBHaJILHO-ACJIbTOByIO TOJIIIty HHMHexa3apcuoi3.
HHmHexa3apcuaa arI3noBHaJIbno-JteJIbTOBaa TOJIIita pa3BHTa OT RapaKyM-
CHOYF HH3MeHHOCTn Jt0 I{paCHOBo cHoro IIoJIyOCTpoBa. aTOrO ate Txna xa3ap-
CuHe OTJIO?ueHHH npocJIe?uHBarOTCH Jta3lee Ha BOCTOR H IIpeJtcTaBJIeHbM Toil1tei3
r3IHH cBeT3Iommouo3laJtuLIx n p03oBaTo-naJienblx TOHOB, c npocJIOHMH ToHKO3ep-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HHCTLIX I{Bapr eBO-CJIIOJ 11cTbIX IIeCICOB MOJIHOBOJIHHCTOII CJIOIICTOCTII. B PJIH-
Hax BCTpeLIaIOTCa peJ,[I{IIe paI{oBHHbI Unio sp., Anodonta. BepXHue FOpH30HThI
TOJIIJAH nepommieBbl paCTHTOJIbxbIMH OCTaTICaMH B BHAe OTHeuaTISOB JIHCTbeB
I{aMbIma H npej(CTaBJInIOT C060II cy6aapa.lbllbie o6pa3oBaHHH.
H ceBepy OT Xyua i-gara, B OAIIOM H3 OCTaHr o13 Xa3apc1OIl TOJI14H, B Bepx-
HHX ee ropH3o1iTax, aBTOpOM ((DeRopOB, 1945) B 1943 r. 6bijrn o6Hapy?ICexbl
I{ocTH Elephas (cur. 3). 3Aecb HMeOTCfl cJie-
AyIou ii pa3pe3 (CBepXy 13II143):
Q3 1. IIecxH H cynecir C raJlbnoii H i e6ennox H3-
BOCTIIHHOB H MaI'MaTMIOCHHX nopOg, CoZICp-
HianSHe oliaTalIHble Didacna, ilJlenllnlI Mop-
cnnx JIHJIHI3 H Corbicula fluminalis M u 1 1.
MolUnocTI, oiOJ10 1,5 M (MaTeprraJI npoJno-
BHaJlblloro-aJIJHOBHaJJbnoro THna).
> 2. CJIo0 6ypo0 1OMnOBaTOIr rJIHHbi (uci oriae-
Man 110u113a?). M0LUIIOCTL 0,3 M.
Q2''3. HeCI:H xBapr onble, cepble, npyn110- H pa3-
Ho3epIIHCTble, C npynnbiMH x1emyiinaMH CJII0-
W,1 H TOMIIOIIBOTIILIMH MHIIepaJiaMH, 3anJ1Io-
'IaI0lgne naTyBbl II rani Hy naneablx H (fIHCTanI-
n013O-30RCIM1X rJIHH. MOIgnOCTI, go 2 M. 3aJIe-
raIOT iiecoriiacIIo na nOI,CTHaaio 4x oca,gnax.
(1)lr. 3. Paape3 ocTarrga n cesepy
OT Xyjail-,Kara
4. rJIHII1.1 Bn3nHe, HJIOBaTbie, (JHCTaIIInoBO-3eJIeHoro nBeTa, 3a3leraloInHe B BHAO JIHH3bI,
MOWIIOCTMIO onOJ10 1,2-1,5 M, Ha TOJIHIC po30BaTo-naJlesLIX ruHH, HepecJlanBalo-
IgBXCII C TOIInO3CpIInCTLIMn neCnaMH MOJIROBOJIHHCTOII CJIOHCTOCTH. BHaIMaH MOIg-
IIOCTb TOJII.gI 6oJlce 7 M.
HOCJICAIIHe Jena FOPII30IITa OTIIOCIITCII 1i Xa3apcnoMy npyCy.
Ha IIOBOPXIIOCT14 ()HCTamIcOBO-3eJICHLIX rJIIIH, B neci{ax c r1IHHnHOII raJEb-
I{oII, HaMH 6b1J1H IIangeHbI j[Be M3CCHBIILIC I{OCT11, npHHaj;Jle?nanwHe, HO-BiI I{-
MOMy, nepeAIIOH ICOIIei3IIOCT14, H 6HBeHb, 3aJlermig Ha1JIOHHO H yxo n[uHH
B rOpH3011T HecICa c rinrmiiioi ra2II no i. BIIBeHb HMe0T B11 IIJIaBHO H30THyTOFO
IZHJIHHApHiICC1COrO CTBOJIa AHaMeTpoM OI{oJIO 19 CM, CBeTJIOI{peMOBOFO LIBOTa. B
1-2 M OT 6IIB1n B 10P1430I1TO IIOCI{a c rJIHIIFIHOI3 raJIbnOIi 6bIJI o6HapymeH o6Jio-
MOI{ iopciinoro 3y6a. Hay=10IIHe IIaKAOHHoro 3y6a 1103BOJIHJIo E. H. BeJlneBoi
OTHOCTH ero I{ Elephas wusti M. P a V 1. IIJIH I{ (OpMe, HOPOXO AHOrr OT E. wizsti
x E. trogontherii P o h 1. TeM no Menge oI{OHLIaTeJIbHOe onpegeneIIHe ICOCTHbIX
0CTaTICOB B03MO2TIHO 6bIJIo JIHHIb nocne gaJnIH0i3HIHX paClonoH. BecHOii 1952 F.
14. A. ,Zly6poB0 (yCTIIOo coo6nceIIHe) 143 onHcaIIIIoro pa3pe3a 6bIJIII H3BJIegIeHbI:
gepen C AByMH 1{OpdIIIILIM11 3y6aMII II imTb I{OCTeII CKCJIOTa Elephas. Hpi 3TOM
0ca3aHioeb, 1!TO IIOCTHbIO OCTaTI{H HpIIypOgIeHM 1{ rOpH30HTy Hecica C FJIIIHHHOi3
ranlbl{OII. HCCJIeAOBaIIIIu 3y60B H gpyr1X OCTaTI{OB II03BOJIIIJIH H. A. Ry6pOBO
(yCTHOe coo6HAW114e B MOI/1H) OTHOCTII HX 1{ Hesperoloxodon turkmenicus-
( opMe, 6nH31{OII HO CBOCMy CTpaTHrpal n111ecicoMy IIOJIOITIOHHlo H Elephas
wii st i.
Haxoj;I{H JcOCTIIblx ocTaTHOB, npunagJIellfau nx Elephas, Hp13ypOiienxble
I{ ToMy ate rOpi30nTy, 6i,in it OTMeiICHbI Ta1C?ICe B parl011e I{OJIOj Aa BeypaAmii
Ha Y36oe H B yp0=1HII[0 CoBepHLIt YpyHAax1H ((I)CAOpOB, 1946). HHTepecHo
3aMeTHTb, TITO 110 CBOOMy CTpaTHrpa(JHLIocicoMy IIOJi0aneHII1O CJIOII 3TH OLIeHb
6JIH3KH I{ yrJIHCTOMy IIPOCJIOIO (HCKOIIaeMaH llolBa) LIeJlel{ella, B IfOTOpOM
B. H. Be6epoM H H. H. HaJIHi.I;idnM (1911) 6NJ1 nai e13 por OJleHU.
HpH IIpOCJICHCHBain i Xa3apcicoii npecnOBOqHOII TOJIlI[H ,I 3lee Ha BOCT01{
Ha6JnIoAaeTCn HOCTOIICIIII00 YBOJTI4 eHHO MOH;HOCTH IIPOCJIOOB necca H B pai one
HOJnow a Hannan-Hyi, B 6eperoBOM o6pbiBe Y36on (c nr. 4), o6HaaxaloTCn
(cBepxy BHII3):
Qs_4 1. F apxalnibre HecnH.
> 2. YlJIOTIIeilnble C JeTJIO6ypLIe HecnH co cJIeJJ;aMH CTOHHIH AOHCTOpHzIOCJOI'O geJIOBena
(.' parMeHTLI apxaH=IecIi0I3 nepaMHnH, npOMHeBble H HOCTAHble opyAHa, oTHeceH-
tieie A. A. Mapyu[eflno it HH3aM IIeOJIHTa). MOIgHOCTb oICOJIO 0,5 M.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Q3?13. Hecox c yrJloBaToil raJlbxog H Didacna ex gr. praetrignoides N a I., MOJJ HOCTMIO
oHOJIO 0,7 M, 3aJleralomHi Ha a6pajHpoBanHoI3 IIOBOpXHOCTH HHHSeJIeHtau[Hx ocaA-
HOB.
QbZ14. I'op113OHT oKaTamiblx rJIb16 H BaJIyHOB HaJIeBbIx r aim, IIpOCTpaHCTBO MOM HOTO-
pbIMII 3anomleHO COMM pHpyHH03ep[IHCTGIM KBap] OBbIM IIOCHOM C 3O HBMII TeMHO-
IjBOTEIbIX MHFIOpajIOB H HpyHHbIMII TIemmynFaMH CJIIO)[hI, MOHjHOCTbIO Ao 2,5-3 Ml
3aiieraeT Ha pa3MbITO i IIOBepxHOCTII Hoj[CTHJIaToMHx OTJIO}HCHHII.
li3-q ^ - QI2' 5. Torn i a IIcpeCJlaHBalollHXCH HBapI eBbIX
'AHr. 4. Pa3pe3 IIpaBOro 6epera Y36on
y MwioAI[a HanaH-HyM
IIOCHOB McJIHOBOJIHHCTOH (CTpyiiiIaToi )
CJIOHCTOCTH H TOHHOCJIOHCTbIX IIbIJIeBaTbIX
rJIIIH pO3oBaTO-HaJIeBOrO ABeTa; HpOCJIOH
HeCHOB HJIH paaimi HO MOHjHOCTH IIpociio IM
rJIHH, HJIH IIOCROJIUKO 60JIbHIe HX. BH,I{H-
MaH MOWHOCTb TOJIHIII 11-12 M. B rJIIIHax
aeTpe'IaIOTCH CTBOpHH Unio H HpocJIOH c
oTHegaTItarH JIHCTbeB HaMbIHIa.
TaHoro me xapaKTepa xa3apcHHe OT-
JIOiHOHITII H OCJIeHCHBaIOTCH BBCPX no Y3-
6olo (HapaICyMCHal Toiima A. C. Hecb).
Xa3apcRne OTJIOIH3HI11H, pa3BHTble DO
6eperaM BaHixancHoro mopa, na 10)HHOM
6epcry n-oBa AapWHa H B OCHOBaHHH
HCCHOB RH3LIJI-HyMb1, 6oiiee rJIHHHCTLI. OHM cogep)1caT pcAKHe CTBOpHM
Unto H paCTnTeJlbHble OCTaTICH (HaMbIHI).
Heo6xoRHMo 1OJ[TIepHHyTb TOT I aHT, TITO BCIOJ[y, rge xa3apcxaFl TOJIII[a
1OAX0) FiT H B03BbIUJeHHOGTJ1M, npHCJIOHHHCb K CHJIOHaM B0JIb1HOro Ba1lxana,
o6pblBaM HIOpFIHEIH-HIOpe H Hy6a-Aara, xpe6Ty HoneT-Aar, oHa 1104TH He
o6orauzaeTCH MCCTHbIM npoJIIoBnaJIbHO-J[eJIIOBHaJIbHbIM MaTepHalToM. TOJIbH0
B HeHOCpeJjCTBCIIHO13 6JIH30CTH H CKJIOHaM B TOJIll BHCJ[PHIOTCH IIPOCJIOH H;e6HF1
LI raJICTiHHKa MOCTHOrO IIpOHCXOHCJ[OHIII, HOTOpble B HaHHX-HH6yJ[b 0,5-1 IKM
HH?He DO CKJIOHy BbIKJIIIHHBaIOTCFI, H TOJrn[a CHOBa HpHO6peTaeT xapanTepHble,
TOJIbHO eft CBOiICTBeHHble TiepTbl: nepecJlaHBaHHe po3OBaTO-IIaJIeBbIX I-JIHH
C HBapIJeBO-CJTIOgMCTLIMH IICCHaMH MOJIHOBOJIHHCTOH CJIOHCTOCTH. Hpn 3TOM
rIIHHbI acerga coj ep}1caT TOHTIaI4IHHe upoCJIOimT (npHcIInKy) Tleliiyen cino [bl
no HJIOCKOCTFIM HalIJ1aCTOBaHHFI. Bee 3T0 yRa3blBaeT Ha Tipe3BbITmruio MalImIl3
IIpOJIIOBHaJIbHO-JJ;eJIIOBHaJlbHbIii CHOC, TITO, HeCOMHeHHO, rOBOPHT 0 CyXOM
H TCIIJIOM HJ1nMaTe Toro BpeMeHH.
HpOCJIe}HIIBaFI H1,11HHeXa3apcxylo aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-geJIbTOByIO TOJIII(y Ha
3ana)1;, Mbi Ha6JIIOAaeM noCTeneHHOe yBOJIHTIOHHe B ee COCTaBe rJIHHHCTO1I (lpaK-
LjHII. HpOMe Toro, B Heil HaTIHHaIOT nonaJ[aTbCFI pej[HHe CTBOpHH Dreissensia,
Theodoxus, a B Hpai3H14x 3anaj[Hbix palOHax - Didacna. TaK, na Ioro-3anaJJ;-
HoM 6epery HpaCHOBOJlcKoro HOJIyOCTPOBa B 3THX rJIHHaX BCTpetIenbl: Didacna
aff. subpyramidata P r a v., D. ex gr. Ieovalevskii B o g. Ha 3anaAHOM 6epery
noJIyocTpoBa HOJ[ II3BeGTHHHaMH-paKyLue'IHHHaMH c D. surachanica, D. sp.
H Rp. 3aiieralOT 3TH me IIeCTiaHHCTble rJIHHbI, HMCIOLI[HC 3AeCb roJIy6OBaTO-
CepbIId I1BCT. TanHM o6pa3oM, C BOCToHa Ha 3ana,t aJIJIiOBHaJIbHble HiimHexa-
3apcKHe OTJIO} ceHHH (KapanyMCKas1 CBHTa) HOCTerieHHO CMeHHIOTCH AeJIbTOBO-
IIpHyCTbeBbIMH H, HaKoHeI[, MOpCHHMII OCaAKaMn.
]Ilnpoxoe pa3BHTHe rOpIT3OHTa cepblx Hpy1H03epHHCTbIX IIOCHOB C Kpyn-
HbIMH TIeulyilxaMH cnioj bi, copepwalljHx HaTyHbl, raJibxy II r einie rilbi6bl -
go 0,5-1 M - IIaJICBbIX Hec'IaHHCThIX FJIHH C HCHapyn1CHHOFt CJIOHCTOCTbIO,
HOCOMHeHHO, IIpHgaeT HM OIIpegeiieHHoe CTpaTHrpa isuecxoe 3Hagouue. 3TOT
FOpH30HT OTMegeH 6iIJI HaMII ((DegOpOB, 1946) OT T4enIeHeHa go KonnoJ;I;a HaJ1aH-
HyH Ha Y36oe; off IIpocHleITWBaeTCII H RaJlee BBepx 110 Y36010. MHOrrie reonlorH
o6napynriui n ero B HII3MeH$bix HapaKyMax. XapaRTep 3THX OTJIOiKeHIIn
1 3TII OTJIOMCHHH paHee 6bIJIH OTIIeceHbl A. C. HeCb (1939) H IV Teppace Y360H, T1T0,
B caeTe H3JIOMCHHOrO MaTepHaila, IIpOTHBOpe'IHT AeIICTBHTeJIbHOCTT.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
y}a3NBaOT Ha KpaTKOBpOMOIIHOCTb HOToI a, pa3MbIBaBHIOrO Bepx aJIJIiOBIIaJIb-
1{O-J[eJIbTOBOII TOJIMII; B IIPOTIBHOM CiiyLlae OTJ;OJIbHble O6JIOMK 1 14 rJIb16bl
IIOACTHJIaIouJFIx rJ114II 6MJIH 6bI H3ML'JIbqCHbI II He COXpaHYIJI4I 6bI cBoe14 CTpyK-
Typbi. HaJin ne ('orbicula flumiicalis POBOp14T 0 TOM, gITO 3TOT HOTOK 6bIJI
peuuoro xapauTOpa. Xapawrep CaMFIX OTJIO?KCH14H, IIX JIHTOJIOrO-neTpOrpa-
.4iw CCICIIH COCTaB C6JIH?KaIOT FIX G HOJ[CTHJIatonAumH ocaJ[KaMH, LITO H03BOJIFIeT
rOPFI30HT rieciia c raIuHHIIOFI rajIbioFI pacCMaTpHBaTb HaK CB0005pa3Hyio (a-
W110 OAHHOFT B CTpaT14rpa(J)HTIeCKOM OrHOIHeninI HH?KHexa3apcKoii aJIJIIOBiIaJib-
HOII TOJIII[H.
FOp1430HT HeCKOB c raJlbKoyI iI rabI6aMFI rjIHII FICHO OTJ);WJIHOTCH OT BbIHIe-
JIe?KaHjHx, 3HatInTemIbIIO 6oriee MOJIOJ(bIX OTJIO?KCHHIT, HPOCJIOOM KOMHOBaTOFI
6ypoIl rJIFIHbi (cM. pa3pe3 oCTaiuka C HOCTFIMII Elephas).
CTpaTiirpa( HLFOCKH BbIHIO KapaKyMCKOyI CBITbi (ropll30HTa necEoB c
rJIHHHHOFI raJIbK013) HaJ(o IIOMOCTHTb IIpOJIIOBHaHIbHO-rpaBHIIuo-raJleLiaaHo-
.Bble IlaK inicHFIH, o6pa3y1OHZ14e MOHIHbI4 IHJICII(J KOHYCOB BbIHOCa y HOAHO?if14II
I'OpHbIX B03BbIHICHHOCTCII FBOJIbiuOTO H Ma. oro BajixaHOB, HoIIeT-Jlara H Ap.
B 3T11 OTJIOHK0111IH BJIO?KOHbI XBa1IbIHCHHe TeppacbI II 6epocOBLIe BaJIbi,
HCCTpOeHIIble B 3IIagIHTOJIbIIOII CTOIICHIT 143 IICPCOTJIO?KOHHbIX IIPOJIIOBIIaJIbHbIX
raiie'IHHKOB, LITO rOBOP14T o66 HX J(OXBaJIbIHCKOM Bo3paCTe. IIPOJIIOB14aJIbHbIO
.raiiegHHKH HpHypOLIOHbI rJIaBHbIM o6pa3OM K IIOJT,HO?HbFIM FOPHIiX CHJIOHOB
H He pacnpocTpaHFIIOTCH AaJICKO Ha paBHFIHy. B 3aHagHOH ~IaCT14 H143MeHIibTx
EapaiiyMOB XBaJIbIIICKFIo MOPCKII0 ocaJ[KH ne?KaT HOIIOCpeJ1;CTBOHHO Ha BOPXaX
KapaKyMCKo14 CB14ThI. B o611aCT14 Hpv16ajixaHCRO11 HH3MOHHOCTH IHIPOKO
pa3BHTbIII IIJIa1u raJIbKII H Hje6Ha CB93aH, BHJ[HMO, C TOM ?KO MOMOIITOM 3HOp-
T14LIIIOrO HpoJIIOBHaJibIIOI'O CHoca. BHOCJIOJ[CTB1414 3TH OTJIO?KOHIIFI MHOrOKpaTHO
HCpeoTJlaraJInci XBaJIbIIICIIFIM MopeM. Tai-,HM o6pa30M, HaJ;o HpeJ{IIOJiaraTb,
llTO HeIIOCpe) cTBCIIIIO 14epeA xBaJIbIHCKOII TpaHCrpOCCHeII HMOJIO McCTO 3Ha-
'IIITeJIbHOe yBJia?KHCHle KJIFIMaTa, Bb13BaBLuee. yCHJIeHHOe HOCTylJIeHHe IIpo-
.JHOBHaJIbHOI'O MaTepiiaiia c rOp.
XBaHIbIHCKIae OTJIO1HCIIIIF1 IIOJIb3yIOTCH uaH6oHiee mapOKlM pacripoCTpa-
HeHHeM B Y36oFicKO-IIpH6aJIXaHCKO9 H143MeHHOCT14 14 Bblpa?KCHbi Hpe14Myu eCT-
BOHHO B MopCKOH l JJ1[HFI, Obpa3yFI MHOFOLIFCJIeHHble TeppacbI. Ha OCHOBaHHH
reOMOp(OJiorHLIOCKoro aHaJLH3a 14 ( ayHHCTIITICCKHX pa3JI3FI1414 3TH OTJIO?KeHIIFI
B 1943 r. 6bIJI14 paCiIJHCHOIIbI aBTOPOM ((DOAOpOB, 1946) Ha paHHexBaJIbIHcHHe
II H03J11IOXBaJIbI ICK14e TeppacbI. B03MO?HHOCTI, TaJIOrO PaCFJICHOHFH XBaJIbIH-
CK14X OTJIO?KOIIII1l IIO) TBepJ{HJIaCb HaIHHMH gaJIbHeuIHHMH pa60TaMH Ha MaH-
rbiulJlaIie (a)egopOB, 19481) H KaBKa3CKOM no6epe?Kbe ((DeuopOB, 19521), a TaR?Ke
IIOCJIe1I;yIOII[IIMH HccJICAoBaHHHMH M. B. HapaHJjeoBOi1 (1951) B ceBepo-3aIIaJ[-
I3oM IIpHKacnnii.
. ,1i1FI HpffgaHHFI 6o7ibiuero e) uInoo6pa3HFI BCeII CTpaTHrpa(HtIecROH mlaJIe
-IIacn1414cKvx ocaRRoB Ka?KOTCH 60Hee L[e.iecoo6pa3LIbIM, BMCCTO BBe)I eHHbIX
HaMH HauIMeHOBaHHH paIlHe- H 1-103AHexBajibiHCKHe H paIlHe- H r03gHexa3ap-
`CKHe (OTJIO?Ken14H) ynOTpo6JIFITb COOTBCTCTBCHHO HH?KHe- H BepXHeXBaJIbIH-
CKHe H T. A. TITO KaCaOTCH o6o3HalIIIIHII ((paHHe)) HJIII (, TO FIX HaJZO
COXpaHIITb J[JIH Bpomcri IbIX XapaKTOPIICTIIK (XOTa B HPHMOHOHHH K TCPPaCaM
'01114 14 601100 yMOCTIIbi. - Pe(9. ).
HII?KHOXBaHIb1HCKIIe OCaJ?t14 ()opM14pyloT raJIewiHROBble TeppacbI 14 6epe-
rOBMe BaJIbI y IIOJ[HO?KlII BOJIbIHOro H MaaIoro BaJIXaHOB H HiopeH-]para.
06pa3oBaHIHCb OH14 BCJIeACTBHe IIOpepa6oTKFT BOJIHaM14 IIpOJIIOB14aJIbHbIX raJIeLI-
`HIIKOBbIX HaHOIIJICIIHi1, OKa11MJIFFIOiUI4X HIJIOH()OM KOHYCOB BbIHOCa IIOAHO?Kb}I
TOpHbIX CKJIOHOB. B HapaHyMCKOII H113MOHHOCTEI OHH HPOgCTaBJICHbI HCCKaM14
H AOXOJU1T go meptiA T Ha R143bIJi-ApBaTa, 3aJleran HOHOCPOJ(CTBOHHO Ha pa3-
MbITOI3 HOBOpXHOCTH I'OpI3OHTa IIOCIIOB C rJIHIIFIHOII raJIbnod. B IIpegeJiax
.3auagHOYI TypnMeHuH OT14 oCagHn He HOJSHHMaIOTCf BNIHIO H30FH-aCbI 45-50 M
x(75 M Hag yPOBHOM RacIIH14).
Y Io?KHOro cRJioxa BOJIbu oro BaJIxaHa HH?KHOXBaJlbiHCKHe raJIegHHKOBMe
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
6eperoBble Bajlbi H Teppacbl Ha6JIIOAaIOTCn Ha Bbic0Tax 1: 3 (31) M, 9 (37) M,
14 (42) M, 19 (47) M, 21 (49) M, 25 (53) M, 34 (62) M, 41 (69) M H 46 (74) M
((]Hr. 5). Han60Jiee XapaHTepHbl H3 HHX H nygiue Bcero Bblpam CHbI B peJibe ie
6eperoBble JIHIIHH Ha BbleoTax: 9 (37) M, 14 (42) M, 21 (49) M, 25 (53) M, 34
(62) M H 46 (74) M.
4 Mf
ED
(I) Hr. 5.' HpO~HJIb gepe3 J acnBACHHe Teppacbl IomHHOro IIOAHO J I BoJibmoro BaJlxaHa.
I - J[ peBHe'EeTBepTH gHble raJIe ninin; 2 - H1IHIHexa3apcHne r71nHb1; 3 - H14}HHexBajib1HCHHe raJle'IHH-
HH; 4 - HaBeMnwe McHiXBajibIHCHHe CyrJmHHH; 5 - BePXHeXBaJIbuHCHHe neC9aHble OTJIOHSWEIHFI. (3Recb
H B AaJlbHeffmeM nepBbie IIn(tpb1 oaHaeafOT a6coJ11oTHbue oTMeTHII ;IpeBIIHX 6eperoabix fHHHa Teppac,
IjfC pb1 B cHooHax - BLICOT I HaJj ypOBHeM Hacnef)
BeperoBble BaJIbl H Teppacbl o6pa3OBaHbI HOCOCJIOHCTbIMH CopTHpoBaH-
HNIMH, xopoiHo oxaTaJIHHIMH raJlegHHHaMH C pe) 14oi ( IayHOA McJIHHX HHJIeBa-
TbIx Didacna, TpeyrOJlbHbIX oviepTaIIHI3, OTHOCfWHXC}I H rpylne D. cristata
B o g. (=D. praetrigonoides var. cristata B o g.). 3Recb TaHme BCTpegalOTCf1
D. aff. vulgaris A n d r u s., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Dr. rostri-
formis D e s h., Theodoxus pallasi H peAHHe OTAeJIbHme CTBOpHH D. zhu/covi
Fed. (=D. ex gr. delenda B o g.). cpayxa 3Ta He IIpHypogena H Haxoii-JIH6o
M
(DHr. 6. Hp0~121JIb'Tepe3 TeppaCbI y IOr0-3anaAIIoro nOAHORbFI
I MaJloro Baulxana (IIlopwxla).
1 - McJIOBbue IlaaecTHHHH; 2 - Teppacoable raJle*IHHHH;
3 - anmeponclHe rfnHHCTLIe OTJ1O eBHA
6eperonog JIHHHH, a xapaHTepi3yeT Beci HOMHJIeiiC Teppac; IIpi 3TOM Ha
BepXHHX Teppacax BCTpegaloTCFI o6blgHO McJIHHe H TOHHOCTBOpgazble (f OpMM
D. cristata, a HHmHe - 6OJiee Hpynibie Hx cTBOpHH. 3,Recb, TaH mime HaH H y
IIOAHOmxbn o6pLIBa HIOpnHMH-HiOpe, HHmHexBanbiHCHHe 6eperoBble Ba3ibl
3HagHTeiIbHO pa3M"ITbI 60JIee MOJIOAbiMH IIpOJIIOBHaJIbHO-AeJIIOBHaJIbxbIMH
BIIHOCaMH Ha OTAeJILHble rpHJ[II H OCTaHIIbi.
Taxoro me xapaicTepa raJlemiHHOBble Teppacbl IIpoCJIemHHBaiOTen y ceBepo-
3alla)ZHorO HOAHOmHbn Maaloro BaJixaxa. B 3araAHOii gaCTH xpe6Ta, y HOJIOAUa
IIIOpAmxa ((lsr. 6) HMeIOTCH geTbipe oTgeTJIHBO BblpallfeHHble TeppaCbI Ha BbiCO-
Tax: 14 (42) M, 25 (53) M, 45 (73) M H 65 (93) M. Callan BepxHnn Teppaca OTHO-
CHTCn H AOXBaJIhIHCHOMy BpeMeHH H, BHAHMO, COOTBeTCTByeT HOHISy aniuepoHa.
TpeTbn Teppaca - a6pa3HOHHan, clIOm ciiHan B 1 OHOJie HOpeHHbIMH Hopo-
AaMH, HpHHpLITa IIJIaII[OM raJiegHHHa H neCHa c peAHHMH CTBOpHaMH Didacna
I 3Recb H B AaxbneameM nepEble gR Ipir 0603Ha'IaIOT a6COJII0THyIO BLTCOTy ApeBHHX
6eperoBbix JIHHHI3, a BTOpbae, CTOnii ise B ci o6Hax,- npeabTmeHne HaA coBpeMeHH&IM ypOE-
HeM HacrHI3cxoro MopH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
cristata B o g. (=D. praetrigonoidesvar. cristata B o g.), D. zhukovi F e d.,.
Dreissensia.
Ha BTOpOii Teppace, xoBepxxocTm i oTOpoli epe3aeT AHCJIODI3'pOBaHHble`
aumlepoxci e rJIHHbl, 6bIJIH BCTPCtIOHbI MIIOrOTIHCJIOHHbI0 paHOBIIHbI D. cri
stata, Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1.
Ha ocHoBarnus xegaBnax pa60T A. A. HMHOBa (yCTHOe 0006MenHe), rni i rie-
xnaJIbII1cICHe OTJIOMCH14 9 C THIIIIgHOfi (JayHOII (onpegeHeHI1I IIPOF13BOAFIJIIICb
HaMII) OTMCLICIIbI Y HOJIo ua FRyp, T. e. xa MepiAHaI1e HH3LIJI-ApBaTa. 3AeCb
B CJIOHCTbIX necHax, BepxH HOTOPbIX IIepeBeaHbl, 6bnnuH BCTpeLIenbl: Didacna
ebersini F e d., D. aff. cristata B o g., Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Dreis-
sensia polymorpha P a l 1., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h., Clessiniola vari-
abillis E i c h w., C. martensi D y b.
He ncRamiena B03MO)1CHOCTb, iITO 6eper paHIIeXBaimrncnoro Mop}I MOP
pacnonaraTbcfl HeCHOJIbHO BOCTOIIHee, HO JjaHHLIX AJIR 3TOr0 noHa HeT.
HHHCIIexBaJIbIHCHIIe OTJIMCHHR ciiaralOT 60JIbHIyIo tiacTb n-OBa Aappua,
roe OHH CHJIbIIO HCpCBCHIIbl. 3TH OTJIO?HCHHH AajieRo 3aXOJ(HT B HOHIvHeHIIe-
HeMaJibcHoro COJIOHtiapa, a Tar?ISe pa3BHTbI 110 OHPaHHe HCCHOB 11IIJIbMaMeA-
HyM.
BCpXHeXBanIbIHCHIIe OTJIOHIOHHH MOHC0 IHHPOHO paCnpOCTpaHeHEI. OHII
paCHOJIOHceHbI rnncOMCTp14tIeCI1II IIHMe HIIIICHCXBaJIbIHCHHX (npHMepHO Ha
1-2 M 11MMO IIyJICBOH ropH3oHTaJIH) H ciiaraIOT oipannbI n-oBa Aapgma,
npii6penciiyIo no. ocy BAOJIb CeBepxoro 6epera BaJlxaHcI oro HIOpa (6biBmero-
3aJIIIBa), 3llatlHTORMIL1o IIPOCTpaHCTBa B Hpi6aJixancnoii HH3MCHHOCTH H 3aXo-
ART y31t0Ii IIOJIOCOI3 B AOJI14IIy Y36o1.
Y nognoHmii Bonlbmoro H Manoro BanIxaiOB pa3BHTa IIIHpoICan BepXHe-
XBaJIbInCHaR Teppaca, CHOH eI1Haa IICCHOM, MOJIHOH raJlbno i n paHymer.
ApeBiIHH 6epeI-OBafn 1114111111 e0 tiCTHO BLIpaMCHa B peJIbe~e H Bc1oJ[y pacnoaio
?Hera Ha BbICOTC -2 (26) M. 143 (ayHM Ha HeIi BCTp01IaIOTCR HpyIIHLIO Didacna
praetrigonoides N a 1., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Theodoxus pallasi
Lindh.
B OTJIFP1FIe OT HF?ICHexIaJIbIHCHHX Teppac, OHa He pa3M1ITa npoJilOBHaJIb-
HLIMH IIOTOIC0MH H XOpOHIO coxpaHHJIa CBOH nepBOxa*IaJibxbie MOp(oJIOrH-
tleCHIIe gepTbl. 3TO yHa3bIBaoT Ha nepepblB B o6pa3OBaHHH paHHe- H II03AH0--
XBadibIIICH14X TeppaC, BO BPCMR HOTOpOro IIepimie 6bIJIH tlaCTHtiHO pa3MbITLI.
TaHHMH me 0006CHHOCTIIMIC OTJIn'ialOTCII TeppacbI MaHrMIIIJIaHa. BTOT nepe-
PbIB IIOATBCp7ICga0TCR H gOI1HMMH 6ypeHHH. B CHBa?KHHe, 3a1IO?HeHHo 1 Ha
II03AHeXBaJIbIHCHOiI Teppace y n0AH0114ba Bonibmoro Bannxalla, BCHpIIBalOTCH.
(CBepXy B11113):
QI3 z1. r1ecicn c pa1COSnuaMll Didacna praetrigonoides N a 1. MOM11OCTb 2-3 M.
2. rJIHIIbi n cyrJHHIIICH, nciiw nHO-cepbie, noMxoBaTble. MollznocTb Ao 3 M.
Q3?13. HecnH H raJie=IIH4ICH c o6JIoMHaMH panynlH. MoMxocTb 6oJHee 11-12 M.
Qhz,4. CepuIe IICCICH C HaTyHaMH H ra.Hbnou p030BaTo-na3leBbIX rJIHH. MonqHOCTb 2-3 M..
2> 5. r JIHIILI naROBble, TOIHICOCJIOHCTLIO, C le11IyI3naMn CJIIBALI 110 IIJIOCKOCTFIM HanJIaCTO--
BalIn>!. MonIJ(HOCm OH0,1I0 5 M.
6. IICCICH M0JIK030p[IHCTLIe, cOpTHpOBaIIIIbie (Mopcime). MOMIIOCTb 10-12 M.
7. raJIe'IIInICH npoJII0BHaJIbII0r0 THIIa. BHAHMari MOrHOCTb 6o iee 10 M.
HCpBBII3 CJIOYI, IICCOMHenIIO, BepXHeXBa1IbIHCHOPO B03paCTa. OcaAHH TpeTb-
er0 CJIOR 110 CBOeMy 06JI14Hy H CTPaTIIrpa( IItIeCHOMy IIOJIOIHOHHIO AOJI1HHbI-
6bITb OTHCCCHII H II 1I1riIICXBaJIbIHCHFIM. Cepble HOMHOBaTble rJIIIHLI BTOporO~
CJIOH IIBJIIIIOTCFI IIa3CMHhIMH 06pa3OBaIIIIRMH BPCMCHII nepepblBa MC?HJ(y c op-
MHPOBaxFI0M II11)ICIIC- 11 B0PXH0XBaJIbIHCHIIX TeppaC. t'ICTBepTbIII II nfTTbII1 CJIOH
OTHOCFITCH H Xa3aPCI14M lIPCCIIOBOJ[HbIM (AeJIbTOBbIM) OTJIOHICHIIRM, y?ICe
OnFCaHHbIM BbIHIe.
BepXHexaaribIIICHIIe nectiaxble OTJIO?HeIIIIR IHIIPOHO pa3BHTM Ha IIJIOII. I1
IIpH6aJIXaHCHOII I1n3M0HHOCTII. OHM B 31-iatIIT0JIbHOli CTeneHI1 nepepa60TaHbI.
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.BeTpoM H B HaCTOHIIjee BpeMA o6pa3yIOT MaCCIIBbM 6apxaHHHX H rpJ oBHIx
IIOCHOB (HH3bIaHyMbl, gapjjx{FHyMbl) H pa3BIITbI no OHpaFIHaM n-oBa L1apjj?Ha.
Bciojjy BOA HepeBOHHHOi TOJlnjei3 HOCHOB 3aJleralOT MOpCHIIe BCpXHCXBaJIbIH-
BcHIIe uecHH c 4 ayHoii HPYHHbIX Didacna praetrigonoides N a 1., D. ex gr.
parallella B o g., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 l., Theodoxus pallasi Lind h.
3TI4 ?He paHOBHHhI LIacTO BCTpeLIaIOTCH BO BTOpHiIHOM 3aJleraHHH B TOJIIIJe
HO CBOIHHbIX HOCHOB.
Ha6JIio aIOTCH TPH YPOBHH BepxuexBaJlbIHCHI3x OTJIO?i{eHIT : caMbiI3 jjpeB-
.HHH, CBF13aHHbIH C 3IOXOH BbIpa6OTHu Teppachl Ha BbICOTe -2 (26) M H C OTJIO-
?HeHHCM Ha116oJIee BbICOHIIX (rHIICOMeTpITLIeCICII) ocajjHOB Hec'IaHbIX rpfijjoBblx
H 6apxaHHbIX MaCCHBOB, n 60JIee MOJlojjble, OTHOCHll FICCFI HO BPCMCHH 06pa30-
BaHHH Teppac Ha BbICOTO -12 (16) M n -16 (12) M. Ha 3THX 60JI0e HH3HHX
yPOBHFIX B pai oiie 6bIBnI. 3aJIHBa MHxaI3JloBcHOro H no 6eperaM n-OBa Z1,apg?Ha
pa3BHThI Hec'IaHble OTJIO?HeHHFI C OLIeHl, Hpy1HhIMII Didacna praetrigonoides
N a 1. H 3TOMY me BpeMeHH, HO-BHAIIMOMy, OTHOCHTCII aHI{yMyJIFII FLH 3HaLIII-
TeJIbIIoI LIaCTH HeCHOB, B HaCTOFIIIjee BPOMfI HepeBerIHHIIX H o6pa3yioiinx
y1OMHHyThIe BhIIHO neegaHbie MaCCIIBbI.
Ha CeBepO-BOCTOLIHOM H Toro-BOCTOiIHoM 6eperax HeJIbHopa II B paI4OHO
Mex{jjy Typrai-garoM H Ma3IbIM Ba3lxaHOM Ha 3THX H{e OTMeTHaX pa3BHTbI
OTJIOHCeHIIfI HpOJIIOBnaJIbHO-aJIJIIOBHa.IbHoro xapaHTepa, 3aJIeraIOHjHe B BHjje
it ianna Ha pa3MbITO i HOBepXHOCTH XBaJIbIHCHHX OTJIO?HeHHii H rOPH30HTa necita
C rJIHHFIHOH raJlbHO)'I, OTHocrIHZerocii H Xa3apCHOMy FIpycy. OCajjuH 3TH Hpejj-
CTaBJIOHbI HpylHO- H pa3HO3epHHCTLIMn HeCHaMH, rpaBHeM H nje6eHHOH pa3-
JIH-IHbIX nOpOjj: I{BapIja, rpaHHTa, H3BecTHHHa, C LIJIOHHHaMH MOpcHHX JIHJIHH
Corbicula fluminalis M u 1 1. H HepeOTJIO?HeHHbIMH Didacna (CM. CJIoii 1 pa3-
pe3a Ha CTp. 19). O6paaoBaHHe HX, HO-BHgIMOMY, CB}I3aHO C HPHTOHOM BOA
110 Y360IO B OJ Hy H3 CTaAuil OTCTynaHHFI H03,jHexBaJIMHCI{oro 6accefiHa.
C jjpyrof CTOpOHbI, 60JILIHyIO pOJIb 3j;eCb HrpaeT HepeOTJIO?HeHHbIii MaTepiail
MOCTHOrO HpOJIIOBHaJIbHOI'O CHoca c ManIoro ii BowIbuioro BaHIxaHOB, HMeBniero
McCTO B HpejjXBaJIbIHCHOe BPeMII H B HaLIaJIe XBaJIbIHCHOro Bella.
Ba?HHO OTMeTHTb, HTO Ha mHpOHOH HpejjrOpHOH paBHHHe y IOH{HOFO cHJIOHa
BOJIb1noro BaJIXaHa, reoMop(foJIorFTIecrH npeACTaBJIRloigel3 Co6oi BepxHe-
XBaJIbIHCHyIO Teppacy, OTJIO?HeHHfi petIHoro xapaHTepa c Corbicula f lumina-
lis M il 1 1. pa3BHTbI 6JIH?He H ee 6pOBHe. OHH HaiieraiOT 3jjeeb Ha HOBepXHOCTb
3TOH Teppae i H HO 1OjjHHMaIOTCH BbIHIe 16-18 M Hajj ypOBHeM Hacilfl (HH?Ho
-10 M a6c. BbIC.), TITO gaff HpaBO CgITaTb HX MOJIO?I10 Teppacbl -2 (26) M.
TaHoro me xapaHTepa OTJIO?HeHHrI c Corbicula fluminalis HMeIOTCII B ceBep-
Ho1'IaCTH 3anajjxoro 6epera L1eJIeHeHa, rjje oHH elm B. H. Be6epoM H H. H. Ha-
JJIIIIjHIIM (1911) 6bIJIH BbIAOJIeHbI HaH %IjjeHbI MHOrOMICJIexxble McJIHHe H HeOHaTaH-
HMe D. all. praetrigonoides N a I., Corbicula fluminalis M ii 1 1., Clessiniola
sp., Micromelania sp., HaxojjfinjHeca, HeCOMHeHHO, B HOPBH4HOM 3aJleraHHH.
Bee 3TO onpegenIeuuo yHa3MBaOT Ha TO, LITO ocaj;HH c Corbicula fluminalis
HJIn OjjHOr0 BO3paCTa c Ho3jjHeXBaJImIHCHHMH OTJIOHIeHH1MH c D. praetrigo-
JZoldes (, rio Be6epy H HajnigHoMy), HJIH MOJIOH;o ropbl OMtganbI, n He iioA-
HHMaJOTC}I Bbinne 113oFHHCLI -20 M. 01111 I1poCJIeHtHBa10TCH no 6eperaM n-oBa
0M=Iajlbi H o61IaiiCaio,.UcH 13 paIione TICTOLIHHKa HapaMOJIJIa. Ha lore 6arxncrne
OTdloiHeIinfi o6Ha?iialOTCB B Bilge IIe6oJIbLuoro OCTaruI a oiiorio 10 M a6c. Bbic.
(BOCTOgIHee nojio [Iia He(j)ec). EcTI, oClroI3aHHH npegnoaaraTb, "ITO 01111 3aile-
raIOT Ha 3I1agniTeni,IIOTI nJIOwagii IIYI3MOIIHOn uacTH HpaCHOBOJ3;ciiOro HOJIy-
OCTpOBa B OCIIOBaIIIiJI KacnullcHon LIeTBOpTnLIIIOII TOJIII);H.I{pOMe TorO,Ha ceBep--
HOM 6epery 6yXTbI Coi1MoIIO)3a u IO1KHOMy CI#JIOlIy Hy6a-Aara IIpIICJIOIIHIOTC$I
H3BeCT11111 Ir C Wrleq arraMiiDldacna, 6JIH3K 1MH Ii 6a1CHHCKnM, KoTOpble, HO-BH-
AnMOMy, TaK?He AOJ171UILT 6bITb OTHOCOHhT. K 6aKHHCKOMy Hpycy. HOJ[HHMalOTCH
OHII go 20 M a6c. I3bic.
HpeRCT3BJIet-im 6amuicICne OTJIOIK0H11H npu6pe7KIIbiMn ocaAHaMH B BRAG
J>;eTpIITycOBO-paKyHIOLI.Biix. H3BOCTH}IKOB n.OOJIHTOBbIX neeciaHHKOB; npH OTOM
Ha BOCTOMIJOM 6epery n-oua OMgaribT OHH BbIpa7KeHb1 B 6oJree McJIKOBOAHOH
(ai rni (113BeCTI1HKH it ileewimKH c raJlbROIi 6oJiee ApeBHHX nopo ). XapaK-
TepHbIMH IICKOnaeMblMH MOJIJIIOCKaMH faBJIHlorcx: Didacna parvula N a 1.,
D. aff. catillus E i c It w., D. rudis N a I., D. rudis var. catillus-rudis N a I.,
D. carditoides A n d r u s., D. aff. pravoslavlevi F e d., D. sp. (copMbi, He-
CKOJIbKO HanOMnnalou ue D. tschaudae A it d r u s.), Dreissensia rostri formis
D e s h.,.Dr. ponto-caspica A n d r u s., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h., Micro-
melania, caspia E i. c It w.
l4HTepeCHO, gITO MOJIJIIOCKI 9TH JJ;OBOJIbHO TeCHO CBH3aHbI C (f)ag1HMH. Tan,
D. parvula up1ypo[3OHa u 6OJIee TOHKO3C }IHCTbIM OcagRaM, a D. rudis H Rp.
BCTpCaaIOTCH, B OCHOBIIOM, B rpy6O3epHHCTLIX OTJIO7KeHI14HX BOCTOi1HOro 6epera
n-OBa OMgaJIiI.
0TJI0 lile111 n xaiapcicoro apyca 6oreenmiporo pacnpo-
cTpalleHbl. 1111 pa3BHTbI IIa 3aua][HHoM 6epery HpacHOBo Coro n-oBa, OT
HpaclloBOACKOk KocM go ioauioii Hapa6ora3dIoi KOCbI, 11 ciIaraloT npn6peiK-
Hylo HOJIOCy MO CKOFO AIM, a TaK ae o6Ha7KaloTCH H3-1OA 6OJIee MoJ1oJ(b1x ocag-
KOB 13AOJIb COJIeIIbIX 03ep RyyJIH. 3Tn Me O6pa3OBaHnfl OTMegeHbl 110 I07KHOMy
6epery Kapa-Bora3-Foala. HeCOMIIOHHO, iITO ocaJ[HH 9TH pa3BHTbI Ha 3HagH-
TOJIbHO 6oJiLLHeil HJIO11 aJ[n I1pnMOpCKOI paBHHHbI, HO CHpbITbl 110 6OJIee no3A-
HirMII IIaKOHJT eIInaMl.
Xa3apCHHe OTJ[OiHeiIHH IIpeJJ;CTaBJICHbI JI,eTp1TyCOBbIMH n paKynletiHbIMH
113BeCTHHHaMn 11 KI3apIreBO-113BCCTKOBHCTbTMH HeCHaHnuaMli. 01.111 CJlaraloT
OCIIOBaIIHe HpaCIIOBOACKOH ICOCbI it McJIKIi0 OCTpOBTiH y ee 3anaJ[noro 6epera.
Xa3apCKne paHymeiIHHKH, pa3BnTble BAOJIb 3aIiapioro HO6epeMbH H B OCHO-
BaHnn HpacuoTmJ);CKo1 IT I-capa6ora3CKOn HOC, co epmaT KpynHLIe MaCCHBHLIe
paxoBrubi: Didacna surachanica An d r u s., D. nalivkini W a s s., D. naliv-
kini - nepexog. ii D. surachanica, D. karabugasica B o g. (in litt.).
D. vulgaris A n d r u s., D. all. delenda B o g., Dreissensia rostriformis
D o s h., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h.
. BOCTO=IHee, Ha IIJIOIIIaAx upnMOpcKOIi HnaMeHHOCTn, H3-HO 6orlee Moil0J[bIX
HaxoHJle1IFII o61Ia7HaIOTCH YllaOTHIeHHble AOTPHTYCO13LIO ITeCKn c 6oraTo i c ay-
iioii: Didacna nalivkini W a s s., D. delenda B o g. - nepexoJt x D. nalivkini,
D. vulgaris, D. all. surachanica, D. artemiana B og., D. bogatschevi Pr a v.,
D. subpyrarnidata P r a v., D. pallasi P r a v., D. subpallasi P r a v., D. subar-
temiana P r a v., D. subovalis P r a v., D. postcarditoides N a 1., D. incrassa
P r a v., Dreissensia polymorpha P a l 1., Dr. rostriformis D e s h., Theo-
dosux pallasi, Clessiniola sp.
'Darosarbnble oco6CHI.TOCTH n xapaKTep (ayubi MoIIJIIOCHOB J1;aIOT OCHOBat-mi
npeAnorlaraTb,LITO MbI HMOOM He McIlee payX FOp1I30HTOB Xa3apCKHX OTJlomeHniI,
npHHIOM B AaIIHOM CJIytIae I1TOpOIi KOMHJIeKC (aynbi gBJIHeTCH 6o1T0e J1;pOBHHM.
3* 35
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B pagoHe Myiiiia-HaAHp o6HaxcaIOTCS (cBepxy):
Q3?'1. IIecox axenzbII3 oO mITOSLIH c o6JIoMKaMH Didacna cf. praetrigonoides N a 1. Mow-
HOCm 1,6 M.
1- 2. IIeegaHHK HteJITbIn OOJIHTOBUff, CJIOHCTbIH, c OTAenbHblMH HpOCTIOHMH HeCKOB, CTBOp~
KaMH H OTIIegaTKaMH pai oBHH, MOCTaMH IIepeXOAHT B paxyme'1HHK., MOWHOCTb 10 M.
06a 3TH ropH30HTa AonalHb1 6bITb OTHeCeHI>I K HHwHeXBaJIbIHCKOMy B03paCTy.
QZZa3. 1~13BeCTH1u cepbl~I, IIJ]OTHMH, McCTaMH paxymeiHHK. MOIIwHOCTb 4 M.
Qhz14. I-IepeAOBaHHe Cepblx xBapixeBbiX H CJIIOJLHCTbIX IIOCKOB (IIepexo uwax MecraMH B H3-
BecruoaaCTmH3 IIeC4aHHu), CJIIOJ{HCTbIX cynecei H TO}IKOCJIOHCTbIX IIJIOTHbIX i eJITO-
BaTO-cepbIX H KOp14HeBbIx rJ1HH C 6JIOCTKaMH ciao i,i. MoitwoeTI. OKOJIO 10 M.
5. IIeciiaHHK CBeTnoaceJITAA, MecTaMH paxyHleuHau. BHAHMau MOIAHOCTb 6oJiee 1 M.
FOpH3oHTmI 3 II 4 OTHOCHTCJT, HO-BHAHMOMy, K xa3apcxoaiy lpycy, npHiiei
cepbiI4 IIJIOTHhIg H3BeCTHBH-palynietJHHH Cron 3 no CBOeMy XapaKTepy BeCbMa
6JIH3oR K paxymeLIHHKaM c Didacna surachanica, pa3BHTbIM Ha no6epeTKbe
HpacHOBOAcxoro HoJIyoCTpoBa. CBeTJIO?KeJIT}IH Hec'IaHHH CJiofi 5 MOxceT
66ITb OTHecel KaH K OCHOBaHHIO xa3apcuoro fipyca, TaH H K 6aiHHCKHM
?ocaAKaM.
Y KOJIOAga Ebiup noA H3BOCTHJ1R MH e Didacna surachanica 6ypeifHeM
BCKpUIThI uepecJlaHBaloixHecx IIJIOTHble CJIOHCThIe rJIHHbI H CJIIOAHCThIe necii
TaKoro me xaparTepa, KaH H OIIHCaHHble BblIIIe.
B IOro-3ana)HOI3 'IaCTH Hpacnono) cRoro noJlyocTpoBa, B pai oHe Hojiogrxa
TapTa, noA H3BeCTHfIKaMH c D. surachanica, n7Hpoio pa3BHTbIMH Ha 3TOM
yHacTKe Ho6epexcbx, 3asieraiOT JTJIOTHbie CJI0HCTBIe KopHrnenble H cepbie rinium
Toro ?Ke THna, iITO H B HpHBeAexnoM BLIHIe pa3pe3e cxnaxcrnbI. TaHoro me
xapauTepa KOpHLIHeBble, HIOKOnaAHbie H cBeTJIhIe po30BaTO-naJIeBble TOHKO-
CJI014CTble rJIHHBI HIHpOKO pa3BHTbI Ha IOIKHOM 6epery HpaCHOBOACKoro fOJiy-
OCTpOBa, ,1,ap p ir, 'geneKeHa H HpoCJIeHUTBaIOTC$1 Aanlee Ha BOCTOK.
OAHOI3 H3 HaH6oJJee xapalTepHblx *iepT 3THX oCagKOB gBJISIeTCH HanIHLIHe
KBapreBbix H CJIIOAHCTbIX IIeCKOB H fOCTOHHHOe IIPHCyTCTBHe McJIKHX *Iemmyei
c11oAbI B caMOK rHHHe. Cyga rio (aI[HaithHOMy xapauTepy H neTporpa(f)JlMe-
CKOMy COCTaBy, HX MO?KHO AOBOJIbHO HaAemHO COHOCTaBJIHTb c OnHCaHHbIMB
BBIHIe HpOCHOBOAHbIMH aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-AeJIbTOBbIMH HHxcHOxa3apcHHMH OTJIO-
TKeHHfIMH IIpx6anxancxori H HapaxyrcEO HH3MOIHOCTeH, KoTOpbie npocJle-
TKHBaIOTCfI OT CeBepHLIX 6eperoB n-oBa ,L apgwH, BAOJIb Banxaxcxoro niopa,
Ao HpacnonoAcxa.
Xa3apcEHe OTJIOH{eHHR, pa3BHTTIe BAOJIb 3anaAHoro no6epeHtbI Hpacno-
BOAcHOro noJIyOCTpoBa, npOCJIe}K13Ba1OTCJI no cenepnoMy 6epery 6yXTbI CoI`i-
MOHOBa H Y IIOAHOSKbf4 I0H HOro cHJIOHa Maccana fax-AAaM. 3Aecb ORB
npeACTaBJleabl H3BeCTHHKaMH H OOJIHTOBbIMH nec aHHKaMH c Didacna
surachanica A n d r u s., IIPHCJIOHeHHbIMH K H3Bepm
eHHMM nopoAaM H noA-
'[J
HHMafOHUHMHCfI go BbICOTbi 20-25 M Hag ypOBHeM HaCIIHH.
- Ha nepemeiire, COeAHHaIOnleM eY )pHHCKHI MaCCHB H3BOP2KeHHbIX nOPOA
c 6eperoM, pa3BHThI raJleuHHKOBbie KOCOCJIOHCTLIe HaROHJIeHHH c D. ex gr.
surachanica.
3Aecb HMeerdfl caegyionJHU pa3pe3 (cHH3y):
QZZ'1. ra1lequaiH,'CoCTOHH(He H3 xopoIHO ouaTaHH0a ranbua TeMHbIx MarMaTHYeCHHx IIOpOA,
xapauTepH3yioigHecu Kocofi CJIOHCTOCTbIO H coAepn(awHe Meaiuae Didacna sp.,
a Taxwe Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Theodoxus pallasi, Clessiniola sp. BHAHMan
MOHZHOCTb AO 1,6 M.
12. 3eaeHbI i cyrnauou c raJmHOH, 3aneraIOH[HI3 Hecoroacuo Ha IIOACTHnaioigHx ocagxax,
MOH(HOCTb 0,3 M.
Q2 s23. llecoK Menxo3epuaCTb1H, OTAenfIOII[HHCH peauoi
rpaHHI(eE OT CJIOH 2. MowuoCTb
0,5 M.
))
4. TerHme KOcoc ioHeTbie, rane'HHua, 3aneraIOHjHe
wHe BBepx B KOCOCJIOHCTble HeciH c naHaaMH
HecorxacHO Ha CJIOe 3 H HepexoAH-
raneYHHHa. MoiRHocTb go 0,7 M.
3Aecb BCTpe4aIOTCH paxoBHHbi Didacna surachanica.
1
5. rJIHHiii xopwineaoro H aeaeuOBaTOro I{BeTa. MoigRocTm AO 1 M.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
BNNmie 3anleraIOT Ileegaxo-nJIIIIII1cTble OTJIO?neHHJI XBajIbrHCnoro Hpyea.
Me7Ici y HpacHOBOp,clcoM II Y(pol3 o6Han aIOTCH (cHI13y):
Qhz,2 1. PFrXJlbiir rpaBHIIHbiiI Henan:Iin c 6oabiHoilr HpHMecbIo OOJIHTOBLIX 3epeH H paxoBHH
Theodoxus. Mou~HOCrb 2,5 M.
2. IIJIOTHaFI 143BoCTicoBHCTan IIecnaIiHCTag rJIHI1a CepoBaTO-xcenITOro ABeTa C 0611JImHoI3
c ayiioii Didacna cf. subpallasi P r a v., D. subpyramidata P r a v., D. subpyra-
midata var. obtusa P r a v., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Dr. rostri formis
D e s b., Theodoxus pallasi, Clessiniola. Moupiocmb go 0,4 M.
)) 3. rnHlra IuouoJIaJuIo-s opH4HeBaa, IIJIaCTH'IHaa, c npocnnoaMH TOHH03epI1xcm X
HECKOB. Moi noc'.Vb J[0 5 M.
Ha pa3MbITOI3 noBepxHocTll rJIIIH 3a rieraroT xBa/lbiHcuHe rieCLra1IO-raTleTi-
HHIC0r3bie OTJIOM011lIH.
MHorHe Biji,i Didacna H3 ciioa 2 no CBOeMy o6JIHICy 6JIH3uH IC upy1IHbIM
EcHJreBaTbIM, TpeyrOJlbllblx oilepTaHHII Didacna 143 ropH3onTa palzylme=IHHKa,
3anreraiowero rIa 6aI niieuIIx rfIHHax 1-Ienen{ena (CM. BEIIIIe). TorJ[a, HO-BHAH-
MoMy, rinuiLI wToa 3 rlpHBeAeIIIIoro BbIHIe pa3peaa Mo?ICHO HapaJIJIeJIH3oBaTb C
Xa3apc oII I'JI4HHCTOH npeciioaogIIOH TOJIHJeH '1enelceHa.
BOCTOLIHee Y(I1pHIICICOrO MaCCHBa BJJ,OJIb 1OjjHO?nbH Hy6a-Aara npocJle-
iMil3aloTCH rJIHHHCTble oTJTornenIHH CBeTJ10H10Ii0JIagHoro ABeTa c npoeno. mm
TOHICO3epHHCTbIx 113apJ eBO-CJHOAIICTbIX neCrcOB McJIICOBOJIHHCTOri CJIOHCTOCTH.
B rnrlHax BCTpetIeHLT Dreissensia polymorpha, Theodoxus pallasi H MennnnHe
racTponoAbr (Glessiniola?). H 3ana]Zy OT Y(Jpb1 0-1114 nepeXOj[HT B moiio Iaj[Ho-
HopHuHeBble rinnibI c rlpocJIOHMH necuOB. c3Ta me rnIHHHCTan Tonga c npoc/lo-
i3MH IIOCICOB na6JliogajIacb HaMH Y HOj[HO,-Ebl xpe6Ta Hy6a-Aar (CM. pa3pe3
y CT. HaiIJIIo), Y BOCTOLIIIOlI onOHegIIIOCT1 xpe6Ta Hy6a-gar, BOCTOLIIIee CTaH-
QnH HHrag7iia (piA ocTaHr oB), H npocnerneHa Bj[oJ[b ii0 ilombn o6pblBa HrOpH-
HbIH-Hiope, B IIanpaBneIIHII H BOJIbn10My BanxaIIy. Han6onree n0JIHbIII pa3pe3
3THX oCaAnol3 HMeeTCH E wry OT CT. HapaTenrip, rge ix BHAHMan MOHAHOCTb
npeBbIlllaeT 10 M.
TaHHM o6pa3oM, ygaeTCH AOBOJIbHO yBepeIIlIO COHOCTaI1JIHTb Xa3apcnne
OTJIOTrceHIM HpaC.1IOBo,r cnOr0 IIOJIyOCTpoBa, Hpl6anIXaflcnon 11143MeHIIOCTH
H Hapa.uyion. CaMbIM ApOBHHM rOpH3oHTOM HBJIHIOTCH cepoBaTO-rnejITble
necLIalkrcmle rHIHIIbI C Didacna subpyramidata P r a V. IT np., OTMeiIOHHble Ha
IOB1CnOM 6epery HpacHoBojzcnoro IIOJIyOCTpoBa. HM oTBeTialo'r yHJIOTHeHHbie
ueciiH c D. subpyramidata n D. nalivlcini ii gp. B0CTOiIHOI3 H CTH 3anajWoi
IIOJIOB14I1M IipacrroBogcnnoro noJlyocTpona. 3T14 OTJlomeHnH COOTBeTCTByIOT
ll lrnHexa3apcJcHM rJlnnncTO-neCLlaIIIIM OCaJ[rcas c D. kalickii E b e r s. n
D. aff. subpyramidata P r a v., oTMetleHlmIM JI.A. HeBeccnoii B 1952 r. (JI14LInoe
coo6ul,elII1e) ceBepHee Xygafi-Jlara n aBTOpOM B 1945 r. B pOii0He HoTyp-Terse.
Tam on1I npllypOLIenbl Ic CaMLIM IIn3aM aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-AenbTOBOld (lcaparcyMCICoii)
HH51cHOXa3apCIiOH TOJIILJ,H.
II0OTOMy ulorcoJiaw1O-itopHLIHeBEIe TJIUHbI Hag upOCJIOeM c (ayHOI1 AOJn?ICHbI
COOTBeTCTBOBBTL CaMOii naparcyMCHoii Tonic e, naIC n IIOBCOMeCTIIO OTMetIeHHLIO
B 3anaAHOiI L1aCTH HpaCnoBOj[CHor0 IIOJIyOCTpO)3a icBapgeBO-CJIIOAnCTble PJr14-
HICTble neClc14, 3aiieraIoII1,He Hogg II3BCCTHHICaMH c Didacna surachanica.
HaH6OJIee mrlpono pacnpocTpalleHbi B HH3MeHHOI1 LIaCTH HpaCHOBO Acicoro
IIOJIyOCTpOBO xBaj iiicICHe OTJIO}rceH14H, nolcpblBaIoI1[He IOHTH CIIJHOIIIIIbIM
IIJIawom 6onee j[pOBIIIIO o6pa30BaHlls. Ha OCHOBaHlH reOMOpcjronorHLIeCnoro
allan riaa is ( ayHnCTnLIeCicHX 0006CHHOCTOIi 3jjeCb Talc ce BbIgeJIHIOTCH IIH11c-
HeXBaJIbIHcnJse II I3epxnexnajiLiHcune OTnorneIIHH.
H14 51cHexBaJILIHCrdHO 0TJI0re1111 H (f)opMHpyloT Teppacbi
y noj(rlolimfi LII1IIica IcpacnoBOj[Cnoro nJIaTO, paCriolrmeHHbxe Ha BLICOTaX go
46 (74) M. H 3TOII O'TMOTHO npiypOLIeII APOBHHII 6eper0BO I Ba.r, nepexo nuAHA
McCTaMi B HPHCJIOIICIIHyIO Teppacy.
B paRoue IionIOJ[r[eB TaniabI oTLIeTJIHBO Bblpa?ICeHbI TeppaCbl Ha BbI-
CoTax: 8 (36)M, 21 (49)M is 44 (72)55, c c aynoci Didacna cristata B o g.
37
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
{ =D. praetrigonoides var. cristata Bog.), D. zhukovi Fed., Dreissensia
rostriformis D e s h.; IIepnble ABa BHAa BcTpe1ialOTCfl B IIapnblx cTBOpHax.Y Hy-
HypTa HMeIOTCft Teppacbl Ha BbICOTax: 13 (41) M n 30 (58) M. Ha TeX me npH-
MepHO OTMeTHax IIpoCJIen nBaIOTCH Teppacbl CeBepo-BOCTOLIHee, B HaIIpaBsIeHnH
H 3aJIHBy Kapa-Bora3-roll; Tau, y pOAHHHOB Napa-MoaIJIa (Ion nLIx) Teppacbl
C aHaJIOTHLIHbIM HOMIIsleI{COM (ayHbl OTMe~IeHbI Ha BbICOTax: 14 (42) M, 29
(57) M, 32 (60) M H 45 (73) M.
3anaAHee OIIHCannbiX TeppaC HpOTnrnBaeTCH Tau Ha3blBaeMOe ((npeAiIHH-
HOBOe IIOHHH{eHHe>, HOTOpoe AaJlee H 3anaAy CMeHHeTCa IIOBLImeHHOH IIOJIOCOR
rpR)jOBbIX IIeCHOB, CJIOH{eHHOH C IIOBepXHOCTH yIIJIOTHeHHbIMH HOCOCJIOHCTNIMH
iiecuaMH c peAIHMH o6JIOMHaMHDidacna cf. cristata; nocJIeAHHe npOACTaBJIfIIOT
(IIHr. 8. IIpoc Haiti Bepe3 Teppacbl Ha 6epery 6yxTbI
COI3MOHOBa (y HpacxoBoacxa).
I - HopeHHbie nopoAhi; 2 - Teppaconbie ranevnnnn; 3 - HnHtne-
xaaapCHne rJHHbi; 4 - AenIOBnii
C060H IIepeBegHHble HHMIIeXBajIbIIIcune ocaAuH. Hmue OHH 1OpOXOA5IT B AeT-
pHTyCOBO-oOJIHTOBble II3BeCTHRUH H pauyiuetIHnHH HHH{HeXBaJIbIHCHOrO I303-
paCTa c D. cristata H D. zhukovi, upOBJIH HOTOpbIX He IIOAHHMaeTC5 BbIIIIe
15-20 (43-48) M, B TO BpeMH Hai-, Haca?ueHHble Ha HYIx aosIOBble IIecuH HMeIOT
oTMeTHH go 25-30 (53-58) M.
3Ta IIOJIoca IIeCHOB, HagHHaIo11 aHCH y 3aIIaAHOH OHOHeTIHOCTH Ky6a-Aara
H HpOTHrHBaIOH[aHCn Ha ceBepO-BOCTOI{ H Napa-Bora3-rowiy, FIBJIHeTCgI, HO-BH-
AHMOMy, Hpn6pe?uHOI3 OTMeJIbIO palHexBaJIbIHCHOFO BpOMeHH, necgaHble OTJIO-
?ueHHFi HOTOpOI 6bIJIH BIIOCJIeACTBHII HepeBeHHbI. Ban{HO OTMeTHTb, *ITO xapaH-
Tep HHSI{HexBaJIbIHCHOH (T)ayHbI 3AeCb HeCHOJIbnO HHO5. HpoMe D. zhukovi,
rOCIIOACTByIOHjeu Ha MaHrbIm IaHe, 3Aeeb BCTpe*IaeTCfi D. cristata, HOTOpafl
B IO3I{HOH LIaCTH HpaCHOBOACHOPO IIOJIyOCTpOBa HagHHaeT upeo6JiaAaTb.
Y HOAIIO?ubfl xpe6Ta Hy6a-Aar H MaCCIIBOB MarMaTH*IecnHx nopoA Max-
AAaM H Yc pa XBaJIbIHCHHe OTJIO?HeHHH 06pa3yIOT PHA Teppac. B CBH3H c upy-
TH3HO1 6epera MHorHe Teppacbl yHIInTO}I{enbl a6pa3HeII HJIH AeJIIOBHaJIbnbIM
CHOCOM. HaH6oJIee ApeBHHe, HH?uHexBaJlbincHHe Teppacbl npoc3IeluHBaIOTCII
OTAOJIbnbIMH 06pbIBI{aMH y noAHo ui s Hy6a-Aara. Ha CeBepnoM cnaaone 3anaA-
HOI3 gaCTH Ky6a-A,ara oTMeLIexbl Teppacbl Ha BbICOTax: 17 (45) a 47 (75) M,
Ha HOTOpbIX BCTpeuOHbI o6JIOMHH H oTAeJIbHble CTBOpHH Didacna cristata,
D. zhukovi, Theodoxus pallasi.
Ha CeBepnoM 6epery 6yxTbI COiiMOHOBa ((nr. 8) coxpaHHJiacb JIHIIIb oAHa
HHX{HexBaJIhIHCI{an Teppaca BTICOTOH 17 (45) M, cJIoHlellHaH OHaTaHHbIMB
rJIbi6aMH n BaJiynaMH uy6aAarCHHX H3BeCTHIIHOB. HHMHexBarlbIHcRHe raJle*I-
HHHOBble OTJIOH{eHHSI o6pa3yloT HepeIHeiun (ToM6oJIo), npnLIJIenfnnon;He H Hy6a-
A,ary IIIaxaAaMCI{H i H Y(pancuni3 MaCCHBbI.
B pallone CT. Hai io (()Hr. 9) HMeIOTCfI o6pbIBHH HHH{noXBaJIbIHcKHx TeppaC
Ha BbICOTaX: 5 (33) M, 9 (37) M, 17 (45) M H 23 (51) M.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Y BOCTO=IHOro oHotinaulH Ny6a-uara (x CeBepo-3aiiaAy OT CT. HHraAHca)
Teppacbl oTtleTJ1HBO Bblpa?xeIlbI Ha YPOBHHX: 15 (43) M, 18 (46) M, 31 (59) M H
=38 (66) M. Ha 59-McTpoBOH Teppace BcTpeuel-Hbl: D. cristata, D. zhukovi,
Dreissensia rostri f Danis; II0 BMC ABa BHAa HpeACTaBJIenbI HapHLIMH CTBOpHaMH.
Ha np116peMI10 i HH3MUHHOCT14, Me?KAy BOCTOLIHbIM oIloHgaHHeM Hy6a-,ara
H o6pLIBOM I-cIopn HbIH-Mope (CeBepO-BOCTo Hee CT. flHraAaxa), pa3BHTbI MHOFO-
iiHCJneHHble raJletIHmoi3bie 6eperorn e BaJIb1, onHCaHHble euAe H. H. AHApyco-
]1bIM (1900). OHH pacionoa elibI Mem y OTMeT1caMH O (28) M H 46 (74) M, HpHUeM
`~^0 9 4523/51) 60
0 si~o 1/27/ /33) 40
C 23/5) : to
'T7-- 1 20
WDHr.'9. llpoc HJII, ilepe3 Teppacii y CT. Ha> Aio.
1 - TeppacoBhle ralle'HIHHH; 2 - HH1HHexa3apcHHe rJIHHTl
Ha BbICOTe OIIOJI:O 46 (74) M IIpOTlrhBaeTCR RCI-10 BbIpanceHHbIYI ra2ieLIHHI1OBbJYi
6eperollOl BanI.BOCTOLIHCO, B90JIb HOAHOHth} HIOplHbIH-Nlope, pa3BHTbI Taxoro
:me xapal{Tepa raJle=IHHICOB'ble 6eperoBble BaJmi.
(DHr. 10. IIpo(JIHJIE, ~Iepe3 TeppaceI B paiiolle CT. BeJiex.
I - TeppacOBlle raJlegIHHHII; 2 - HH}HHeXa3apCIIHe rJIHHLI;
3 - HOBOHaCHH$ICHHe Hecc
B pailoHe CT. Benex (I Hr. 10) 11 pa HHOXBaJIbIHCxOMY B03paCTy MOrYT 6bITb
OTHeCOHbI rajIegHHxoible Teppacbl, HepeXOAawHe MOCTaMH B 6eperosble BaJmI
.c peARRMH CTB0pxaMH D. cristata, D. ex gr. zhukovi, Dreissensia polymorpha,
Theodoxuspallasi, paclloJlo1lceHllble Ha BbICOTax: 4 (32) M, 15 (43)M H 45 (73) M.
8TH aloe raniemmum ble Teppacbl H 6eperoBble BaJIbI 11pOCJIeMIIBa10TCH AaJlbme
Ha BOCTOR.
B epxHex BaJ IIriCIH0 0TJIOxceHHH pacnpocTpaxexbl no
?3a11aAHoi oHpamie HpaclioBoAcxoro HoJiyoCTpoBa; 01114 CJlaraloT HpaCHOBOA-
Cxylo H IomHyio Napa6ora3exyl0 ROM, 0611exaq 3Aecb XaaapeuRe 143BeCTHHKH,
Hoxp}BaIOT HpH6pen{Hylo IIH3MCHHOCTb IOHIHOTO 6epera Napa-Bora3-I'osia
H 3aXOART y31HM 3a2IHBOM B HpeAqHHHOBOe HOHHSxeIIlle CO CTOpOHbI 6yXTbI
Coi3MOH013a. BAOJIb 3aHaAHOH oxpaHHbl HOJIOCbl H147RHeXBanBIHCIHX HOCIOB
HpoCJIelHIIBaeTCH ApeB1IHH 6eperoBaa JIHHHH H03AHeXBannbIHCioro MOpI, pac-
IIonomeHllaH iia BbICOTe -2 (26) M; IIa 3TOM axe ypOBHe oHa OTMe'IeHa MeilAy
RyxypTOM H ropofi OMLIalI.bI.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
BepxneXBanmIHCHHe OTJIOHCeHHx IIpeACTaBJlexbl pLIX3bIMH J eTpHTycOBO-
paHyuIeLIHbIMH H3BeCTHaHaMH, OOJIHTOBbIM1I IIec iaHHRaMH H IIecHaMH c (ayHO13:
Didacna praetrigonoides N a 1., D. parallella B o g., D. all. cristata B o g.,.
D. vulgarisA n d r u s., Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Adacna vitrea E i c h w.,
Dreissensia polymorpha Pal 1., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h., Micromelania
caspia E i c h w.
Ha 3anaAHoM 6epery B pacITOBogcHoro IIO1YOCTpOBa BepxxexnaHLIHcHHe
OTJIO2HOHH3l 3aJIeraIOT Ha aopa)HpoBaHHoii IIOBOpXHOCTH xa3apcRHx H HiimHe-
XBaJIbIHCxHX IIOp0).
BepXHOXBa3bIHCHHe OOJIIHTOBMO HeciiaHUH11 c D. praetrigono ides cJlaraioT
6yrop Ax-Hp Ha 3alaj;HOM 6epery 6yXTbI COHMOHOBa H OTMeTIaIOTCfI B OTJ);enb-
HbIX y*IaCTuax KpacHOBOgCROH HOCbI IIOTITH 90 IOMHOr0 ee OROHTlaHHR, rge
OHH HaiieraiOT Ha Xa3apciHe J{6TplTyCOBo-paHymet1HMMe H3BeCTHHRH. r103AHe-
xBanblHCRafI Teppaca BbICOTOLI -2 (26) M, CJIOa eHHaf1 raJIe'IHHuaMH H IIecifaMH
c D. praetrigonoides, pa3BIITa Ha CeBepHOM 6epery 6yxTIJ COIIMOHOBa, IIpHc3o-
HfifICb 3j;ecb H paHHeXBanbIHCROii Teppace. 3Ta Me Teppaca npociie?IfHBaeTCFI.
no o6eHM cTOpoHaM I1IaxagaMcHoro H Yc pHIlcHoro IIepeu.Ieis1OB; ona crloslfexa
3J;ecb IIec'IaHIICThIM H ranegIHIIROBLIM MaTep1aJIOM c D. praetrigono ides, Dreis-
sensia polymorpha, Theodoxus.
Memgy HpaCHOB09CHOM H Yc pOil, y IIOAHOH{bl Hy6a-gara, OTMeLIaIOTCHH
ABC TeppacbI, Bpe3aHHbIO B IIloifoJlagHO-IfOpWIHeBbler3HHSI xa3apcHoro fipyca.
TeppacbI, cJI0n eHllbie neCTiauo-raJIetIHIIHOBbIMH If HAe6eHHCTbIM11 OTJIO?HCHH$IMH,
pacnoHi0?Ifexbl Ha BLICOTax 10 1127 M Ha) ypOBHCM HacnHfI. Taiforo ?Re xapaif-
Tepa 1a03AHexBajiLIHcHnO TeppacbI Hp0CJIemHBaIOTCH BOCTOLIHee Y(f)pbl; pacuo-
3OHfexbI OHH Ha TOR Me BbicoTe. Y BOCTO'1HO14 OHOHegIHOCTH Hy6a-,ara oHH
OTMeT1eHb1 Ha BbICOTaX -10 (18) H -3 (25) M. Ha 6pOBIfe HH3ROII 18-McTpOBOT$
TeppacbI, Ha BbICOTe OHOJIO 12-13 M Hag ypOBHOM Hacnmi, B Ha3eMHJ,IX OTJIO-
ReHHf1x, IIpHRp}TBaioII HX BepxxexBaJTLIHClf1e MopcKHe OCaJ[RH, apxeo Toro
A. H. ORnaAHHROB11M BcTpeLIeHII HpeMHeBble opyJ[Hfi - HaROHeiIHH1f1 cTpeJI,.
Hrnbl, a TaH?Tf0 IIpOCBepneHHbie oRpyrnbie 0630MRIi HacIIHJrCHHx Didacna -
HeCOMHCHHble OCTaTRH OxfepenHH, OTHOCOHHble I'M H HOOJIHTy.
Me f Ly Hy6a-,aroM H HIOpfIHbIIT-HIOpe 3TH TeppacbI IIepeXOgaT B raneTiHH-
HOBbIO 6eperoBbie Banbl IIpeIfpacHOH coxpaHHOCTH. Oco6eHHo TIeTHHA 6eperOBOH
Ban pacnono3TfeH Ha B16icOTe-2 (26)111; B HeM, Rau H B 6oJIee HII3IcHX, BCTpeTleHb1
Didacna praetrigono ides, Theodoxus pallasi. 3TH me 6eperoBbie Banbi, no
6oJlee.
y3TfOH IIOJIOCOH, II110THTHBaIOTCH Ha BOCTOR BAOJIb IIOAH01RtH O6pbIBa HIOpHHbIH-
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B pai one CT. BeneH II03AHeXB JlbIHCHHe TeppacbI pa3BHTb" Ha BLICOTaX
-16 (12) M, -12 (16)M,-8 (20) H -3 (25) M H cnoxfeHbl rane'IHHRaMII, rpaBHeM
II IIeCROM c D. praetrigonoides (CM. (DHr. 10). B B;O1OJIe J;ByX HIDHHHX Teppac
3aaeraioTCJIOHCTbleIIaneBbie rnHHLI C IIpOCHOHMHHeciioB, OTHOCHH[HeCH H xa3ap-
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MOTHO, oHa OTHOCHTCJI H IIepHOJ;y BIIa)1;eHHH Y360H B BanxaHCRHI3 3a3HB
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CRHX Teppac no cpaBHeHHTO c paHHeXBaJIMHCHHMH, B 3HagHTeJIbHOH cTeneHH
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Bble Bamib1 H nepeCNNHH, MHOr11e 133 HOTOpfIX oTropa?KHBaIOT 3raryHbl, npeBpa-
THBHIHOOJI B HacTOamee B1JOM11 B mOpiI (o3epa HyyJiH H gp.). FHHCOMeTpH-
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1HeHHi xapaHTepH3yeTCH cJieAylou>;HMH BHAaMH: Cardium edule L., Didacna
crassa E i c h w., D. baeri G r i m m, D. trigonoides P a 1 1. (peAKo), Mono-
dacna caspia E i c h w., Adacna, Dreissensia, Theodoxus pallasi.
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1 reoMop(JOJIOrIT eclfn Hapa6ora3CKne 1COCM upeaCTaBJIHIOT eo6On nepecbing (6apbI).
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Ta1Oi3 nepeMbltlKli, oTAeJInh1mey1 Iieuorga J- apa6ora3cHylo Aeupecc io OT
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
14 T. A., CtIHTaeT, xITO IIepBOIIpHtIHHOR BO3HHnHIOBeHHH BHaAHH HBJIHIOTCH TenTO-
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TpaxcrpeccHi3>. CyAH Ha HaIIIIIM Ha6JIIoAeHH2M, Haparge H ApyrHe BIIaJHHbi
MaHrbIHIJIana B OCHOBHMX tIepTax o6pa3OBaJIHCb B Ao6aRHHeEoe BPOMH. MO1IH0
IIpeAno iaraTb, 'ITO (JOPMHPOBBHHO BHaAHII HatIajioeb en e B IIJIHOI(eHe H 'ITO
K Hatlanly tIOTBOPTHtIHOTO IIepiio a y?ne 6bMJiH BbIpa6OTaHbI Bce OCHOBHble 'IepTbI
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
peJIbe(a MaHI LimaaHa. YHaCJIe) oBaHHbIII peJibe i BHaAHH CylgeCTBOUHh1M o6-
pa3oM BJIIIFIeT He TOJIbHO Ha otIepTaHHH ApeBHHx 6eperoBbix JIHHHII H Ha pacIIpe-
JIeJIeHIIe IiaCIIHIICHHx oTHo}HeHHII, Ho H Ha HoHTypbl COBpeMOHHOro 6epera.
Ho6epexcbe MexcAy 6yxTOi3 ReHAep3IH H MbICOM
BeRgam
10HCHee OcHOBaiIHFI Neagep3IHYICHOII HOCbI 6eperOBOII 06pbIB HpOcTHpaeTcil
B Toro-3anagHOM HaiipaBJIe}HH, Bo3BhIHIaiCb Hag KacruI4cuHM MopeM OT 150 M
B CCBCpHOH *IacTFT H AO 100 M Ha Tore, y MbICa CblI1rMpJIH. 1O}HIIee MbICOB
CbIHrEIpJIH H Ma3apJI.H 6eperoB01I o6pbIB IIpOTFIrHBaeTCFI, B IO}HHOM HaIIpanHe-
HHH, IIOCTeIIeHHO CH1T?H RCb go 77-80 M Hag ypoBHeM MOpa. Ha yLIaCTHe
IIo6epe}HbH Measgy OCHOBaHHeM HOHgepJIHIICHOII HOCbI H MbICOM Cblmryp3ia
6eper HaH6oHlee HpyT. POBHan IIOBCPXHOCTb IIJ1aTO xpyTO, a LIaCTO HOLITH OT-
M
3 Q4.:. 4
160
140
(Diir. 15. Hpo Hai Ilepea Teppacbi H Tory OT ocxollarIHil
J eiu epJIHIIGXoii HOCbI.
l - iiopeHHLie nOpOJjH; 2 - OnOn3H11; 3 - Aemiom7i;
4 - raJiegihKH ii necim
BeCHO o6pbiDaeTCH I{ MOpIO, OCTaBJIFIFI y3HyIO IIOJIOCy HaMeHHCTOrO IIJIH}Ha.
HOAHOHfbe 06pbIBa 3arpOMOHHAOHO CHaJIaMH H 6o2lee McJIHHMH rJIb16aMH Heore-
HOBbIX H3BeOTHFIHOB, CJIaraIOl nX o6pbIB. HH 6aHHHCHHe, HH Xa3apCHHe OT-
Ho}HeI1nH HaMH OTMe'1eHHI He 6NIJIH; BHAHMO, OHH yHH'ITO}HOHbI Ho3gHeIIIIIHMI3
TpaHCrpeccHFIMH.
,peBHHe 6eperoBble JIHHHH xBaJIbIHCRoro MOH HpocHIeHulBaIOTCFI B BHge
y3HHX HJI01gagox HJIH IIJIOX0 3aMOTHbIX IIeperl6OB cxJIOHa. HecKojibKO Jiygnle
coxpaHliJiacb Teppaca BLICOTOII OHOJio 25-27 M Hag ypOBHCM HacuHIIcHOro
Mopm. OHa xopomo BMpa}He}Ia B 3-5 HM H Tory OT OCHOBaHHF1 HeHAepJIHi3-
ciioR xocbi (T iu. 15). Teppaca Bpe3alIa B xpyTO HocTaBJleaxble, 06BaJIHBIIIHecH
Or f'oMHme r31b16bI HOOreHOBbIX 143BOCTHIIHOB. BbICOTHOe IIOJIOHSeHHe aTOI3 Tep-
pacbl, o eHb 6JIH3HOe Ii IIo3AIIexBaJImIHCHOI3 Teppace c f layHOH B 6yXToHeHAepJIH
(q)HI. 16), H03BOJIFIOT OTHeCTH ee H H03AHCXB JlblllcHOMy BpeMeHH.
3Ha'lHTeJlbxo xyxce coxpaHHJiacb HoBOxadu1IIcxan Teppaca, ROTOpa}I
Ho)BepraHacb yCHJIeHHOFJ a6pa3111-1 B TetIeHHe BcerO HOBOHacnHIICHOrO Bpe-
McHII, OCo6e1IHO IIPH IIOCJIeAHeM BbICOHOM CTOHHHH YPOBHE HaciHH B 1929 r.,
11 B 60JIC0 paHHHe MOMCHTbI HCTOpwiecioro BpeMeHH.
BOJIee HoJIHO Teppacbi coxpaHHJIHCb Ha MEICax Ma3apJIH H Cye (( Hr.17 H 11).
PaHHexBaJIbIHCHHe 6eperoBble JIHHHH 3Aecb pacIIocoHSeabl Ha BbICOTax: 43,
51, 59, 67 11 73 M HaA ypoBHeM Racnim (15, 23, 31, 39 H 45 M a6c.
BLIC.). Ho3AHexnaJIbIHCHHe Teppacbi Ha Mblce Cye CJ1OHi HbI oHaTaHHbIM13 r3Ib1-
6aMH H ra3IeLIH13x0M, OHH IIpOCJIe}HHBaIOTCFI Ha BhICOTax 10, 16 14 25 M Hag
ypoBHeM HacuHiicxoro Mopx (-18, -12, -3 M a6c. mile.). HoBoxacaggcxaa
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Teppaca IIo=ITII BCIOZIy a6pa3HoHHalI H 3arpOMO?xgeHa OxaTaHHbIMH rlIb16aMIr.
BbicOTa ee 6eperoi3oik arnHHH 6-7 M Iraq ypOBHOM Moprr.
10aEHee Mbica Cye (c ir. 18) 6eperoBoi o6pmB cHIHIIaeTCH; HpHJieaxaHlarl
u 6epery LIacTm iIJIaTO o6pa3OBaHa HOBOPXIIOCTHMH caMMX BbICOJIIIX paHHe-
XBaHIbIHCHHX Teppac. BbICOTa 6eperoBOIr JIHHHH CaMOII BbICOxoH H3 HIIX OHOJIO
'70-72 M Hag MopeM (42-44 M a6c. BbTc.). Ha Teppace B1ICOTOii oxoJro 67 M
Hag HacnHei co6parra c iayxa: Didacna zhukovi F e d., D. cristata B o g.
(=D. praetrigonoides var. cristata B o g.), Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h.
M
/20
/00
44(72 BO
33(01)
25(53) ~ 60
-3(25J ~
r7q2 M3 E34
20
0
(DlIr. 16. IIpoc uuib tiepe3 Teppacbr Ha IOBWOM 6epery 6yXTbI XexaepJIH.
I - HopenHle nopo r,i; 2 - BepxHexsanbtncrne necnn; 3 - HH,nHexBanrancxne ranevHBxx;
4 - noBonacn1Kcnne necHH
Ewe IOHCHOO, B IIOJIOrOII 3aJIHBoo6pa3I-IOII BOPHYTOCTH 6epera Mealcgy MbI-
FCaMH Cye H Bexgam, HMOIOTCH 11o3gHeXBaxIM ncHaH TeppaCa Ha BbICOTe 25-26 M
H HOBoxaCHHHCItaa TeppaCa Ha BbICOTe 6 M Hag yPOBHCM RaCIIIIR. HepBaal CJIO-
;-ReHa OHaTaI-IHbIMH rJmI6aMIr, 3axIeraIOwIlMII Ha a6pagipoBaHHOH HOBOPXHOCTII
?l
(Dnr. 17. IIpocIuum =Iepe3 Teppacebr B pauoxe MLIca Ma3apJTn.
I - xopeaniue nopOAbi; 2 - xaanbrdene ra,neaneee
HeOreHOBbIX H3BOCTIIFIB:OI3, H IIPHICPbITa CBepxy pbIXJIbIMH OOJIIITOBbIMH H3-
BeCTHHICaMH c D. praetrigonoides N a I., Dreissensia polymorpha P a l l.,
Theodoxus pallasi. HOBoxacrIIIIICxaJ Teppaca o6pa3oBaxa pbIXJrbIMH 1iec-
iiaxo-paxymme=Inb1MH OTJIOHCeHIIHMH c cIayHOII: Cardium edule L., Didacna
crassa E i c h w., D. baeri G r i m m, Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Adacna
laeviuscula E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha.
IO)rCHa}I OICOB:egrrocTb Mau,bIIIIJIaxCKoro HJIaTO y3I'IHM HJIIIHOM BgaOTCJI
Ha Ior, HpO)OJxaHHCb y3x0II HeC=IaHOIi ceBepHOII Hapa6ora3clOII J5000II; Ha
3anage orra oMbIBaercn BogaMH Hacrivii cxoro Moprl, Ha BOCTOHe JleMHT Kapa-
3Ora3CIxnoro 3a.InBa HaparHe H Ha BOCTOLIHOM 6epery Bail 3TOT
HHrge He ohm 3aMe'ieH. 3gecb Ha BhICOTax 44 (72) M pacnonIolnena Iunpo-
Raft TeppaCOBi4gxaH IIonepxHOCTb, IIOHpbITaH raJlbicOFi. Ognano raJlbna 3Ta
npe)CTaBJIFIeT eo60H 3JIIOBHH neoreHOBbwx raiieiIHbIX RonrimMCpaTOB, BbIXOgFi-
II[HX Ha nOBCPXHOCTH Teppach!, TITO yHa3bIBaeT Ha gCHygagnotuiOe npoHCXOnfge-
HHe caMOH Teppacbi. BepXHFin a6pa3HoHHan JIHHIIn panHexsanibIllcnoro HOMII-
JIeuca TeppaC OTLIeTJIHBO BHgHa Ha IOHLHOM 6epery Rapari4e Ha BLICOTaX 42-
44 (70-72) M; 57-MCTpOBaff Teppaca pa3MbITa 6OJILIIIHM OBparOM, B BePXOBbHX
ROTOPOrO pacnonIo nreH HJI1O' YgIon, H B BHge o6piIBncTOrO Mbrca OTXOJHT OT ce-
Bepo-BOCTOLIuoro 6epera . Ha 3aua)HOM 6epery 6OJIee nomio Bblpa?I{exbl HH?KHexBaJIbIHCISHe TeppacbI; Hx a6pa3HOH-
time JIHHHH paCIIOJio icoIIbI Ha BmICOTax: 72-73, 65, 57 II 43 M Hag ypoBHeM Hac-
IIIIH. Ha BepxBoii, 72-McTp0B01i Teppace 1OJibre CTBOPRH MOJIJIIOCROB o6bIIIHO
ire BCTpetIaIOTCH, a 3aiieraeT JIHmi, CJIOII raJIbRH, IIecRa c pegIIIIMII 06JIOMRaMII
HHmHeXBaJIbIHcnoR parcymH. rOJIbHO HaIIHHa i c 65-McTpOBOH TeppacbI H3peRxa
nonagaroTCH McJIICHe Didacna cristata 13 o g. (=D. praetrigonoides var. cristata
(D Hr. 28. 101o-BOCTOrIIIbIYI 6eper BBaannbl Haparne. Ha BTOpOM nnane BIIHay
Bij ria pae iareneirnaa oBparaMH xBa miclcasi Teppaca. Buang 6eJIeeT clop
na J{ne BnaAnllbi
B o g.), D. zhulcovi F e d., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 11. Ha 51 II 43-MeT-
pOBbIX Teppacax cjIayHa BCTpet3aOTCH tiauAe, H Didacna, 3aiieraIoHgge 3gecb,
o6JlaJjaIOT 60JIbIIIIIMH pa3MepaMH H TOJIII[IIHOii, treM paIzoBHHuI BepxHHX Teppac.
BOCTOLIHb111 6eper Haparse, IIPOTHPHBaIOI9HI4CH B CeBepO-3anaJ;HOM HaIIpaB-
.JIeHHH, McCTaMH BAaOTCH B IIJIaTO, o6pa3ysi ISai 6hI 3aJIHBbI (?HIIRHJIe, CayTTbl).
Beper 3TOT 3Ha'IHT0JIbHo 6oJiee ISpyT H BLICOIS, HCJRCJIH 3anaAHI,III. 3Aecb u
bpoBxe IIO.r x0 [fIT BbICOTbI, upeBbr sarowHe 80-90 M aft. BbIC., B TO BpOMH
xau IIOtSTH Y HOAHO?ISHH 6eper OBOro o6pbIBa, B paCCTOHHHH 2-3 ISM paCII0JI0-
?ISeH BocTOLIHmf4 6eper copa (mopa) HaparHe c a6COJIIOTHMM14 BIICoTaMH-120,
-130 M. 10?E ee 3aJIHBoo6pa3HOro H3r46a 6epera B paYioHe HJjeJle Ha 6OJIee
IIOJIOFOM CI{JI0IIe OTII0TJIIIBO BHJ[IIa Teppaca c a6pa3HOHHOH JIHHHeII Ha BbICOTe
43-44 (71-72) M. fffHpOISan IIOBOPXHOCTL ee 06pblBaeTCH ROBOJIbHO ISpyTbIM
yCTyIIOM IS IIHNSeJIe?ISaweIl Teppace.
,aJlee, M0,?ISJ(y Hf ffge3ie H RapacnHrpenoM, 6eperoBors 06pbIB tipe3BMgaiiHo
xpyT, HMOH BbICOTy Hag RIIOM BHaAaHbI onOJio 200 M. 3Recb IIOHBJIHIOTCH
0IIOJI3HII, reOMOpI OJIOPHtIOCICII Hpej(CTaBJIHIOIgHe C060II OIIOJI3HeBble TeppacbI,
IIrpaIowHe 3HatIIITeJIbHyIO pOJIb B CTpOeIIIIH ceBepHOH traCTII BOCTOgnoro 6epera
HapauHe. OnoHanII pacnoJIois eIIbI B O6JIaCTH XBaJIhIHCISHX Teppac, a TaRxce
MOCTaMII H 3HatIHTeJImHO IIH?ISe. B BTOII traCTH BOCTOtIHOrO 6opTa Haparne xo-
ponio 3aMeTHbI ?reppacbi BbICOTOII 43-45 (71-73) M H 29 (57) M. OHH Bpe-
3aHbI B capMaTCISHe H3BeCTHHISII H gOCTIIraIOT mripIIHbI 500-600 M. Ha HX
IIOBOPXHOCTH 3aiieraeT 6oJIbIHOe ISOJIIItIOCTBO raJIbicr II OISaTaHHbIX rJIbi6.
EAII?He x 6pOaice u3pegua nonaj[a1OTCH Didacna HH?ISHexBaJlbIHCISoro o6Jirn a.
$ TpyAb[ I'IIII, B. 10 65
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Ha 57-McTpoBOA Teppace (oxoJIO 30 M a6c. BLIC.), BcTpegaloTCa ue-
Jlbie CTBOpim D. zhukovi H D. cristata, 3aiieraioluHe epejH raJle'JHHxonoro
IloxpoBa. HHrxe pacnOJiOHCeHa HemHpoxan IIOBepxHOCTb a6pa3HOHHOA Tep-
pacbi c BbICOTOH 6eperoBoA jimiHH 24-25 M HaA HacnreM (-2, -3 M a6o.
BbIC.). 39ecb BCTpegaloTCH CTBOPHH H o6JroMKII D. cf. praetrigonoides N a 1.
BNCOTa 6eperonori .IHIIHH H (ayHa Teppacbl COOTBOTCTByIOT 25-McTpOBOH II03A-
HexBaJIbIHCxoI3 Teppace. Bo iee MOJIOAiIO Teppacbl pacrioJIoHceHbl Ha BNCOTax
10, 2-3, -9 M no OTHOmeHHIO H Haciamo. Bee 3TH Teppacbl Bpe3axbI B ApeB-
HHe o1[IoJI3HH. CJIegOBaTeJIbno, OIIOJI3HeBble HBJIeHHH npe)meCTBOBaim o6pa3o-
BaHHIO Teppac. OIIOJI3HH, BepOHTHO, 6bIJIH CBH3aHbI C Mopc ol3 a6pa31seYi it
C 6ojiee o6HJIbHbIM IIOCTyIIJIeHHeM rpyHTOBLIX BOA. H HPyTOMY yCTyny BepX-
HeXBaJIbIHCHOA Teppacbl npHcaonena 6ojiee HH3xafl Teppaca c 6eperOBOA JIH-
HHeA Ha BhICOTe -43 M NO oTHOmeHHIO x Hacumo (-71 M a6e. mAc.). Teppaca
CJion eHa CJIOrIcTOB CBeTJlocepon HJIH IIOgTH 6eiiol3 TOJIIueA xap6oxaTHbIX
cyneceii H CyrJIH rxcoB.
B HallpaBJIeHHH K CayTTbI OIIOJI3HH HaIHHaIOT HrpaTb Bee 60JTbmyio I3
60JIbmyIO pOJlb B CTpOOHHH 6eperoBOro o6pbIBa, 3aXBaTbIBaH yxce He TOJIbHO,
IIOJIOCy pa3BHTHH Teppac, HO H IIOgTH BeCb CRJIOH IIJIaTO. B ypotHlue CayTTbI
uenme IIOJIOCbI IIJIaTO, npnJiencawHe H 6poBxe, OTAeJieHbl OT xopexnoro 6epera
rJly6ORIIMH TpeuwiiaMH. ,LpyrHe ygaCTxH dnoJI3aJI121BHH3. rloBepXHOCTL IIJIaTO
3AeCb 6ojiee B03BLImeHa H pacgJieHeHa Ha HeBEICOHHe CTOJIOBLIe BepmHHbl H
IIJIOCHHe 6O30TTOgHbie BIIayIIHbI.
,LlpeBHexacnHAcxne TeppacLI B paAOHe CayTTbI emimiO pa3pymeHbi OB-
paraMII H raaBHLIM o6pa3oM oIIOJI3HHMH. 0co6eHHo nocTpagaJiH BepxHexsaJlbIH-
cRHe H Hnmlie o3epxbie Teppacbl. 3Aecb onOJI3aIOT uedmie IIOJIOCbI IIopog,
o6pa3ys onoJmHeBbie AHpRH, Teppacbl H aM(J)HTeaTpbl. BepxBHfi 6eperosan
JIHHHFI pannexsaJibinclcor0 MOPH xopomo 3aMeTHa B BIIAe neperH6a CHJIWHa Ha
BLICOTe 70-72 M Hag HacuHeM.
BepxnexBamlbrHCxaH Teppaca IIOgTH conepmexxo yHHgTO?KeHa OIIOJI3HHMH
H OBparaMH, x Cpa3y me nOCJI0 IcpyTOrO 06pLIBa HHaxnexBaJlvIHCr rx Teppac
pacnoJio?rcembl oaepnbie BepxaexBaJlbIHCHHe Teppacbl, TaHHce Bpe3aIIHLIe B ApeB-
HHe OIIOJI3HH.
B HaupaBJieHnir H HyyJiganyl 6eperoBoA o6pLIB npno6peTaeT eeBepo-
3ana)Hoe HanpaBJlelHe. Ha IIpOTH1xeHHH 12-14 ICM OT CayTTbI 6eper oco-
6eHHo HPyT H Ha CICJIOHe ero eABa 3aMeTHa BepxHHH 6eperOBaa JIHHHH paHHe-
xBaJlbincxoro Mops. McCTarn yueJieJIH o6pbIBRH H 6ojiee HH3IHx Teppac,.
a Taxalce H neiieHCalune O3epxble Teppacbl.
Y HyyJigaria 6ojiee IIo3ixo IIpegcTaBJleHM ApeBHeHac1HAcxHe H 03epHLIe,
Teppacbl. HHHCHeXBaJILIHCxaH Teppaca paCIIoJro?ICeHa 3Aecb Tax?IIe Ha BLICOTe
0110310 43-45 (71-73) M. KpyTmIM, IIOgTH OTBOCHbIM yCTylOM, AOCTHraIOH(HM
MecTaMH 6ojiee 50 M 0TH. BbIC., oHa OTAeJIHeTCH OT IcOpenHOA noBepxxocTH
nJIaTO. 0IIOJI3HH 3Aecb pa3BIITLI ciia6ee, H Teppaca Bpe3aHa B epaBHHTeJlbHo.
MaJiO Hapymenn ie HeorenOBMe H3BecTHHICII. Ha IIOBepXHOCTH Teppac B 6oJIb-
mOM HOJIH'IeCTBe IIPHCyTCTByIOT OICaTaHHble rJib16bl, BaJIyiibI H raJlbica. cDayna
He o6Hapyxcena. Hinrce pacnoJloxceHa Teppaca BTICOTOH 15 (43) M, noTopafx
61mme It BnyTpeHHOMy Kpaio HBJIHeTCH a6pa3HoHHoi, a IC 6poBxe Ile-
pexOAHT B aRRyMyJIHTIIBHyIO, CJIOHceHHyIO necxoM c raJIbICOA H peA-
HIIMII CTBOpxamH Didacna aff. cristata, Dreissensia polymorpha.
Ha nbicoTe 24-26 M Hag HacrHeM npoc3lenlnBaeTCH 6eperoBai JIHHHJ
BepXHeXBaabIHCxOA Teppacbl, CJIOxceHHOH CBeTJIOCOPOH CyrJIHHHCTO-cyneCga-
HOA TOJIII[eH C IIpocJIOHMII raJibTH, 3aiieraloMe1 Ha OlcaTaHHbIX rJlbi6ax, IIOxpbI-
BaiOIuHX gpeBHne 01OJI3HH. B ToJIIue neTpegaIOTCH: Didacna praetrigonoides
N a 1., D. aff. cristata, D. aff. parallela B o g., D. ex gr. vulgaris, Dreis-
sensia polymorpha P a 11. H Ap. MecTaMH nog raJlb}OA H BaJIyHaMH Ha4rpa3-
1 KyyJIRaH - MbICOH0A06HLr11 BLICTy1 cesepo-BOCTouaoro 6epera Icaparae.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
MbITOA HOBepXIIOCTH ApeBHHX onoJl3Herl 3aiieraeT TOJIwa 6ypLix CJHOIICTMX cy-
rJIHHKOB CO we6HeM.
BOJiee MOJIOAI.IMH OTJIOH OHHHM1I B haparHe }IBJIHIOTCH 03epHbie ocaAKH,
OTHOCHII.,YIBCH K n03AHe- 11 uocjieXBaJIbIHCKOMy BpeMeHH, T. e. K nepHOAy,
Korga HaparHe 6bi31a H30JI1,TPOBaHa OT perpeccnpylowero HO3AH0XBaJILIHCEOrO
Mopes IIepeMbim-,oI B paIIOHO BepxoBbeB Amu-CaH. OIIFI 06pa3yIOT cepIIOTep-
pac, pacimao}KeHil,Ix runcoMeTpiiLIeciH HHme BepXHeXBaJlbIHcuHX. JIyulue
Bcero 0TH Teppacbl Bblpa?KeHbI na BbICOTaX (OT ypOBHH HaCH iicnoro Mopes):
OT -8 AO -9 M, OT-42 go -43 M, OT -85 AO -88 M, OT -100 Ao -105 M HJIII
OT -36 go -37 M, OT -70 Ao -71 M, OT -113 AO -116 M H OT -128 Ao
-133 M a6c. BbIC. BOpXHHH Teppaca (-8,-9 M) Bpe3aHa B TpeT1HIHLIe OTJIO-
}IfeIIHH H HpinpblTa MaHIOMOwIIbIM HJIaHOM rajrbiH, llecna H panymH c Didacna
all. subcatillus A it d r u s., D. ex gr. parallella B o g., D. Sp., KOTOpble HO
CBOIIM BHefnlM npl3HaKaM Maao qeM OTJIHLIa1OTCH OT aHaJIOrHTrHbIX BHAOB
BepxHeXBaJIL1HCKIIX TeppaC. 8TO yKa3blBa0T Ha ewe He3Ha*IHTeJIbHOO nepe-
po?i eIIHe BepXHeXBaJlbincKOH (f ayI-ILI B IIepBbIH aTan CyWOCTBOBaHHA OTiIJIe-
HIIBnIOPOCH OT HacimiicIC0r0 MOpH 030PHOro 6acceHHa HaparHe. c3Ta Teppaca
pa3BHTa Ha 3anaAHOM, IO?KI-IOM H, MOCTaMH, Ha BOCTOYHOM 6eperax Raparlle.
BOJiee H1431ia1 Teppaca, OTMeualowaf cJIeAyIoIwl OTall pa3BHTHH o3epnOro
1,1 q
. , CJIO1Kena CBeTJ10-
6acceHHa, pacnoJloxiellHaH na 43 M 111111ie ypoBHH Hach
CepbIMH, IIO'ITH 6eJibIMH CJIOHCTbIMH H3BeCTHHKOBLIMH CYHeCHMH C MOJIKHMII
ToHKOCTBOpT3aTmIMn Didacna aff. praetrigonoides N a L, D. Sp., 3aJieraloiHMI3
IIa oJIHrogenoBbix rJnllrax. OHa xopomo Bbipa?KeHa Ha BcOX 6eperax Haparie II
AOC'TnraCT 3na=IFITcJIbIlOHIHHprIlbl. BpoBKa 3TOII Teppacbl Ha 3anaAlloM 6epery
BIIaJrirlbI IIMOOT a6COJIIOTHyI0 BbICOTy OKOJIO -100 M (-75 M OT YPOBIH
Hamm). XapaKTep ( ayIIbl, BCTpeileHIIOH 3AeCb, yJa3bIBaeT Ha AOBOJIbHO
AJIHTeJrbI1bin Hep1OA 1130JUIH1I14, B TOLIOHHO KOTOpor0 XBaJmIHcuiie MOJIJTIOCKH
yciiejiH B 3HagIHTeJibIIOrI CTOIIOIIH H3MeIrnTbCH.
Hnxie pacnoJlon ena 6oJiee MoJioAaH Teppaca, cJlwTlellHaH CpeAHe- H McJIKO-
3epnllCTbIMH HOCKaM1r c upeo6nlaAaHHeM KBapgeBTIx 3epeH. (Dayna B HeII He
BCTpezleHa. BeperoBar JIMIJHH Teppacbl pacnoJio?Kena Ha 85-88 M HHHCO
ypUBIIH HacIIIIHcROro MOpH (-113, -146 M a6c. Bble.). Teppaca aTa, BHAHMO,
( HHCHpyeT oAIIy H3 HOCJIeAHHX cTaAHII cyweCTBOBaHHH 03epHOro 6accellna
Hapariie. Ha 60nnee IIn3KHX OTMOTHax, Ha HJIOCKOM He BHaAHHbI ((Hr. 29),
3aHHTOM o61jInpIIbIM 1TOpUM (COpOM), BCTpetIaIOTCH pOAKHe CTBOpHH Cardium
edule L.
BOAbi ApeBHeliaCnrl%ICKHX MOpeH BTOpraJIHCb B HaparHe no OBpary AwH-
Cai. O13par 3TOT B BHAe IIOJIOrUI'I JIO?K6HIILI 6epeT CBOe HatlaJio y CeBepo-
BOCTO=IHOFO Kpaa All rr-COpa, Ha BoAopa3Ae3Ie MemAy FIRM H BnaAHHOLI Ha-
parHe. ,1jaJlee OH pe3H0 H rJIy6oI0 Bpe3a0TCH B TpeTHiIHble 11 LleTBepTHHHble
OTJiU?KeHIIH It HpOCJIe?KHBaOTCH AO 3anaWlloro 6epera Haparle. BNCman To lua
ao opa3Aeiia Haparllo - HacriHyI B HaCTOHII10e BpOMH HMeeT a6COJIIOTHyIO
OTMOTKy -22,3 M.
Awes-Can (( rlr. . 30) B reOMOpd,JOJIOrHLIOCKOM OTIIOIIIOHHH AOJIIITCH Ha TpH
LIacTIl: ropxUBbe, )3pC3aIIIIOe Ha 20-30 M B BoAopa3AeJI Haparlie,- AwH-
Cop; cpeAIlloio iraCTb- 030POB1AI10C (KOTJI006pa31loe) pacmiipenHe H HH3UBbe;
HOCJIOAH1I0 ABe LlaCTH Bp03anbI Ha 5-15 M B IIOJTOrHA 3anaAHhHI CKJIOH Ha-
parne.
HacIIIIJI irre OTJTO?IleHHH 3anOJlHHIOT AOJI1IIy Awry-CaH H npreJIOHeHbI K ee
KpyTIblM 60pTaM. BaIHI'ICHHO OTJIOIHeIIHH, 3aJIeralowae HH?Ke I{oTJI0o6pa3HOro
pacTlnpeIlHH, 3anOJIHHI0T, II0-131wHMOMy, caMy1o ApeBHIUI0 1aCTb OBpara, HOTO-
paH 6bIJIa Bblpa6OTaHa ewe B AO6aHHHCKOe BpeMH. Xa3apcnne OTJIOIKeHHH BJIO-
lKOHbI B HH?KIIIOIO LIaCTL ((BepXOI3boB)). 01114 HpOACTaBJIeHLI CHJIbHO pa3MLITLIMH
yIIJ10TH01HLIMII neCKa.Mn Ti raJIOTIHHKaMH C peAHOHI c ayHOII Didacna ex gr.
nalivkini W a s s., D. sp., D. ex gr. crassa E i c-h w., Dreissensia rostri-
formis D e s h. XBanbuicHHMH OTJIO?HOHHHMn 3aHOJIHeHa BepXIIHH' ? acTb
5* 67
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
AOJIHHbI AIqH-Cass; HpH 3TOM 1103AHeXBaJImIIIcHHe ocaARH, Hpe;kCTaBnIeHHMe He-
cnaMH H rTJHHIICTbIMH neexaMH cDidacna praetrigonoides N a 1., D. aff. cristata
(DHr. 29. 3auaJHbiii 6eper BnaAHIlbi Kaparie. Ha aaAHeM HJiaxe 6eJIeeT mop
Ha AHe BnaAHHbI c a6COJIIOTHbIMH OTMeTIfaMH -132 M
(Dar. 30.OBpar Aw -Cag, Bua)aIOngHH B Kaparae c 3anaAa. BepxoEbe
oBpara; BHAHbi BJIOMOHnbie B Hero Hacuiiici a OTJiomeHHH
B o g., D. subcatillus A n d r u s., D. all. zhukovi, D. vulgaris, Dreissensia
polymorpha P a l 1., Dr. rostriformis D e s h., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h.,
Caspia conus E i c hw., Caspia caspia E i c hw., Caspia inflata D y b. et
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
G r., 3aiieraloT B caMOM BepxoBbe oBpara. OHH IIpIICJIOHHIOTCFI K ero 6opTam,
3anneran Hai ioHHo go 15-20? B CTOpoxy TaabBera H BH13 1110 HpOCTHpaHHIO OB-
para. MowI[TTOCTb HX 3AOCb AOCTHraeT 8-10 M. HecnoabKo HH?Ke no pycaiy,
B 6onornix OBpa?KKax, 3aJleraIOT KOCOCJIOHCTble HaKJIOHeHHbie K pycJly noA
yrJIOM go 25? raJIegIHIIICn, rpaBHi1 TT necou c palcymeli: D. zhukovi, D. ex gr.
praetrigonoides N a 1., D. aff. cristata, D. vulgaris, Dreissensia polymorpha,
Dr. rostri formis, Theodoxus pallasi, KoTOpble Ho YCJIOBH1M 3aileraHHH MomHO,
110-BHAHMOMy, CLIHTaTb HII?KHexBaJIbIHCKHMH.
CyAn 110 XapaKTepy 3arleraHHa, CJTOHCTOCTH ii MOXaHHt1CCKOMy COCTaByy
XBaJIbIlICKHe ocaAKH OTJIaraJIHCb B yCJIOBHHX y?Ke cyu);ecTBOBaBIHero oBpara.
B HagajTe TpaflCrpeCCIIII, Korga ypOBeIIb MOpfI IIOJUHHMaJICH BbIHIe BOAopa3Aenna
(Haparne-Hacnn1croe mope), npopI3aBIHHYICH BAiu i-CaiiHOTOK BOA, OJIMCH
6bIJI HpOH3BOAHTb 13 OCHOBIIOM 3po3HOHHyIO pa6oTy, H TOJIbcO 1103AHee CTaila
iipeo6JlaAaTb ajcuyMyJIfugiH. To me npoHexoAHJio, IIo-BHAHMOMy, IIpH perpeccrH
MOpf!, C TOIL JIHHIb pa3HHI[eH, 'ITO 3alJIIOgHITeJIbIIbIM MOMeHTOM 6bIJTa 3p03IIH -
Bpe3 OBpara B OTJIOmHBIIIHCCH IlepeA 3THM TOJIIIUH. HOCJIeAHHM 3TaIIOM B pa3-
BHTHH ATgII-Can 6biJio HpOIIHKHOBeHHe HOBOKaciiHIicKHx BOA, HpHHecIIIHx
B AIgH-Cali H Haparlle Cardium edule L. He3HaLIHTeJlbxoe IIoBbIHieHHe YPOBHB
MOp5I no cpaBIIeIIIIIO C XBaJIbIHCKHM BOICOM cHOCO6CTBOBaJIO JIHTHb HHiITOM-
HoMy IIpoIIIIKHOBeIIIII0 MOpCKHX BOA no ATH,H-Cato. PaKOBHHbI C. edule BCTpe-
*IaIOTCJI TOJIb}IO B pyczie oBpara. 3TO FOBOpHT 0 TOM, TITO CTOH MOpCKHX BOA H3
Hacimiicuoro MopiI (AmH-Copa) uepe3 AH;H-Cali B RaparsIe ocyILJ,ecTBJIfIJICH
B B1I 0 IIe6oJIblIIOro HoTora, IIpOXOJ[HBIHeFO 110 Jjxy oBpara. 3TOT CTOK 6bIJ1
CTOJIb He3HagIHTeJIbIIbIM, TO BLI3BaJI o6pa3oBaH4e McJIKOBOAHOro coaeHoro
03epnoro 6acceIIIIa IIecpaBHeHHO McHbmHX pa3MepOB H 06,beMa, TTeM o3epHble
6acceRHb1 IcOHAa XBaJIbIHCKorO BeIa.
YciloBIIfl 3aneraHllfi HoBoICacrHAcHHX OTJIOreHHIi B AIIAH-Cae CBHAeTeJlb-
CTByOT 0 TOM, MTO Hpo11HKBIIII3 CIOAa HOTOK MOpCKHX BOA BOCIIOJIb3oBa3ICfr ylKe
CYIIWeCTBOBaBIIIHM OBparOM, B CFO COBp0MOHIIOM BHAe, KOTOpbIH, IIO-BHAHMOMy,
6b111 Bbipa6OTaII B IIOCJICAIIHH 3TaH CYIHeCTBOBaHHfI CTOKa H3 IIO3AHeXBaJ11iIH-
cicoro 6accefiua.
HpHBOAOI-IIIbIC BbIme J;aiiimie o6 yCJIOBHHX 3aiieraHHfi KacHHIicrrx OTJIO}Ke-
HHFI BnaAIIIIbI Haparue yKa3bIBaIOT Ha TO, BTO XBajiLFHcRHe 6eperOBLIe JTHHHH,
3a HCKJITOucintOM CaMbIX MOJIOAbIX, TO?KA0CTBCHHbI HO CBOer BbICOTe TeppacaM
Ho6epembfl. TOJILICO Teppacbl Konr[a XBaiibixcKoro Bela, IIpeACTaBxfilowi1e
co6oii 03epllble 60perOBble JIHHIIH, Mop(ororutIecIH He CBH3aHEI c KacnHI3cIUIM
IIo6epealcbeM it pacnOJIo iceIIrx TIa IIH3KHX rIIICOMeTplLieCKHX ypOBHFIX, Talc
Kai OIIH (J)OpMHpOBaJIHCb B yCJIOBHFIX H3OJIHpOBaIIHOrO 03epa, ypOBOHb KOTO-
poro CTOJIJI HH1110 ypoBlIfi HacnHfl.
Ha ewe 6oaiee TIH3KOM ypOBHe pa3BHTbi ocaAICH c Cardium edule. OCHOBLI-
BaflCb Ha AaHIIbIX 6OJIee HH3KorO IIOJIOmCHIIf1 Teppac BO BHaAHHe HaparHe,.
M. M. WyHoB (1941), pa60TaI HIHA 3Aecb B 1938-1939 rr., Hpimmem K BbT-
BOAy o HOAaBIIeM onyci aIIHH 8Toro yxiacTKa 3eMHOy1 Kopbi. TaiOe 3aHJno*IeHHe
B CBOTe H3Jio?ICeHHOro BbIfe MaTepHaiia KalKeTCH JIHfeHHEIM BcaHoro OCHOBaHHr.
Ho6epembe MaHrbluniaxa MeicAy (J)OpTOM IHen easo
H MbICOM CbIrbIHAbIK
XapaITepIIOii =IepTOYI OTOrO yxiacTica no6epe?Kbfl HBJIFIeTCH, BO-HepEhIX,
IHHporcoe pa3BHTHo 6onaniX BeTBHCTbIX AOJIHHOnOgo6HbIx 6aroic H oBparoB,
6epyn;Hx IIa*Ianno Ha 3anaAIIbIX H Toro-3anagHblx ciJloHax MaHrbTIIIJTaICKHx
rOp H OTKpbIBaIOII[HXCH II MOpIO, a BO-BTOpLIX, - a6pa3HOHHbIH nun caioro 6e-
pera. Bce 3T0 HajloalcHJlo O11 0 0JTOHHbIFI OTHeuaTOK IIa xapaiTep H pacnpoCTpa-
HeIIHe IcaciniiIci iux ocaAKOB. Ha116ojiee HoHIHO oHH HpeJCTaBJTenbI B HH30BL31X
ynoMfIIIyTbIX AOJ[HII, 3aJIerasi TaM HHrpeCCHBIIO, B TO BpeMf1 Kar Ha CaMOM
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
1106epe?Kbe cOxpaHHJIIICb JIHIIIb OTAOJIbHble 06pbuuiH 3TIIX OT3IOMOHIIII HJIII
a6pa.3KOHHrIe Teppacbl, JIHIIIeHHLie HoAuac game MaJIOMoll Horo noKpona pbix-
JfbIX ocaAKOB.
BMCOTa 6eperoBoro o6pbIBa Ha I;aHHOM yTIacTKe 9ocTHraeT MecTaMH 100 M
Hag ypOBHeAt RacrHH.
CorHIaCHO H. 14. AHJ;pycOBy (19152) 60JIbmIHHCTBO ROJIHH C OpMKpoBaJIOcb
OM e B TpeTH 1HOe (HJIHoueHonoe) BpeMH. HauHHasl c cenepo-3anaga it IIo6e-
pe bio HoJ;XOg$IT CHIeJ[yIoJi He J3,OJIKHbI: HeTbIK (y c opTa IIIewieHHo), KH-
3bIJI-Y3efib, Caxa-Hyuyi, Caypa H TIOJIbuyJIH; HOHOTOpLIe H3 HIIX ) OCTHraIOT
10-15 KM B AJIIIHy. OcTaHOBKMCIH Ha HaH6oJlee JSpeBHHX o6pa3onaHKHx, BJIO-
)KeHHbIX B 3TH J{OJIHHN.
B yCTbe poJIHHLI Caxa-Ryjyu, ROCTHraionAeM IIIIIPHHbI 3 KM, 3aJleraIOT
geTPHTyCOBMIO H paKyine'3Hble K3BeCTHHK14, IIOJJ;CTHJIaeMble ) peBHeIeTBepTKg-
HbIMII CyIIedJIMII IIpOJIIOBHaJIbHOro xapaKTepa ( Hr. 31). 143BeGTHSIKII HMeIOT
ss , z/(7)
?1
4 ?5
l9f49 7~5
Dnr. 31. Hpoc snb gepe3 Teppaebi RoJrxribI Caxa-Ky)yx.
2'- HopeHnue nopopbl; 2 - ApeanegeTBepTHV1F4e cyrnxxan H cyrlecx; 3 - 6aHHHCHxe xasecT-
HHKH; 4 - XBaalbixcxxe rane'lIHHH; 5 - HoBoHacn} cl He rnxHHCTble necH1; 6 - coBpeMeHxblft
nponloBU
IHOCyIO CJIOIICTOCTb IIpIT6pe}HHOPO XapaKTepa II COJ[epxtaT OTIIOgaTHH 6oraToro
HoMIIJIexca pa1OBHH MOJIJIIOCHOB, HPeACTaBJIOHHOrO B OCHOBHOM IIJIOXO OII-
peJ[OJiIIMIdMlf 11 HOBMMH BHpaMH, cpeRK HOTOPLIX BcTpegeHLI: Didacna all.
parvula N a 1., D. ex gr. crassa E i c h w., D. sp. (c opMbl, IIepexo--
xble MemAy D. crassa II D. catillus E i c h w.), D. rudis var. catillus-rudis
N a'1. ;'D. all. subpyramidata P r a v., D. sp., Dreissensia rostriformis
b, e s h., Dr. all. ponto-caspica A n d r u s. MolgxocTb H3BeCTHRKOB OHOJIO
2-2,5 M. OHH HecorniacHO 3aiieraIOT Ha TOJIHAO yHJIOTHeHHbIX cyneceIi C
HpOCJIOFIMH. J;pecBbI K yr3IoBaTLIX 06JIOMHOB TpCTKgHbIX H3BeGTHJIKOB. XapaK-
Tep MaTepnaJIa m CJIOHCTOCTb yHa3bIBaIOT Ha IIpOJIIOBHaJIbHOe IIPOHCXOHCJ(eHHe
TOJIHu4. B OCHOBaHHH ee Hog npOCJIOeM IIJIOXO copTIIpoBaHHoro HIO6HH 3a-
.leraioT nepec iaIIBaiomIIecsi KOpFgHOBble H 3OJIOHOBaTble r3iIHMI BHAYIMOII MOHL-
HOCTbK) AO 0,4 M. BH) uMaH MOH]HOCTb BCOH TOJIIAH OHOJio 6 M.
RoMIIJIeHc I ayHbl, BCTpegeHHTIK B H3BeCTHaHax, HeCMOTPsI Ha HOHOTOpbIO
McCTHMIe gePTLI, nee Me BIIOJIHe 0IIpege3IeHHo rOBOpHT 0 6axnHcROM Bo3paCTe
3aKJJo'JaIoll HX ero ocagKOB.
BaKKHCKHe H3BOCTHHKII reOMop4JOJIOrHgeCKH 06pa3yIOT Half 6m ILepeMblgiy
(6ap), 3aMbHKaBHIyIO Heuorpa gOJIHHy Caxa-Hygyn. RpOBJIn6aKKHCKHx II3-
J3eCTHSIKOB HoAHHMaOTCH RO B7ICOTbI 28-29 M Hag ypOBHeM HacHHl. TaKoro
axe xapaKTepa OTJIOSKeHKFI 6NIJIH BCTpegOHbI B JJ;OJIaHe R113bI3i-Y3ellb, pacuo-
JI01KCriHoi B 6-8 HM 3anaAHee. 3J(ecb pa3BHTbl ICOCOCJIOIICTBIO AeTpFTycosble
K3BeCTHHKH-palyHIeiIHKKH, KOTOPbIO HHrpecCKBHO 3aXOAHT B JjOJIKHy Ha 1,5-
2 KM OT YCTb$I, pacno iaraaeb Ha BbICOTaX J[o 40 M Hag KacHKeM. OHK 3aiieraiOT
Halt Ha HOOPOHOBMX a6pagHpOBaHHbix K3BecTHSIUaX, KMedI B OCHOBaHKK KoHPJIO-
M epaT 113 KpyfHLIX OKaTaHIIbIX 06JIOMKOB H3BeCTHHKOB, Tau II (B 6onee no-
uHmeHHbIX ygaCTHax) Ha cynecax IIpOJIIOBHaJIbHOPO XapalTepa, allaJIOPIIgHLIx
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-10(!4)
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
,OniICaHHbIM BbInIC B AOJIHIIC Calla-IfyAyH. B 1-1,2 HM OT MOPH Ha JIeBOM
.CHnoHe,J 0JIHHbI H113bIJI-Y3CHb Ha6JII0AaeTCa cJreAyIOnulH pa3pe3 (c nr. 32):
Qb 1. )eTpHTyCOBhIO H paIglue2IIble H3BeCTIIBI{H C OTIIeiIaTHaMH: Didacna rudis var.
vulgaris N a 1., D. all. parvula, D. all. catillus E i c h w., D. ex gr. crassa E i e h w.,
Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia rostriformis D e s h., Dr. polymorpha
P a l 1., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h. H Ap. Moii nocTb 2-3 M.
> 2. 1-louraOMepaT HX Xopomo op aTaoIIbIx o6JIOMaoB H raJlbl[H HeoreHOBbIX H3BCCTHSIHOB
MO.IIZIIOCTbIO 0,2 M, 3aJleralOH[HII IIa pa3MbITOH HOBepXIIOCTH HH?AeJIexcawHX OTJIO-
sxeHHrs.
,Q1 3. 1'ojiLAa yHJIOTIICIIIIGIX JI000OBIIJJI-IbIX Cyneoeu HeFICH013 CJIOHCTOCTH, Aa}oLuax IIpH
BnIBCTpHBaiIHH CTOJ16TIaTy10 OTAeJIbHOCTb. MOMHOCTb 15-"17 M.
> 4. PJIHIirI IICII0JIb1I0-cepble, CJIOHCTble, yIIJIOTH0IIHble. MOIIBHOCTb 1,2 M.
> 5. HHme ciioaa JIo?HaT yIUIOTIIeiIHbIIe cyneci c upOCJIOHMiI HIe6Hn.
B ratmax 6b1JIa BcTpeneila Mimpoc ayria,
.onpeAeJIeHI-IaH .A. E. CyuaIoBoi I xai Ostra-
coda: Loxoconcha gorschkovi 14 a n d e 1 s t.,
L. eichwaldii Li v., Cythere bosqueli L i v.,
.C. pseudoconvexa L i v., HOTOpaa, no ee
.MHeHHIO,, xapaHTeplla Aim anIneponCHHx, 6a-
.HHHCHiIX H APCBIICHaCIHIICHHX OTJIOJHeHHiI.
,,,eTpHTyCOBbie H3BCCTHHICH CJIOH 1 aHaHO-
.rHiIHbI 143BCCTIIHICAM H3 AOJIHIIbI Calla-Kyuyr
H AOJIHiHbI 6bITb OTrIeCeibI H 6aHHHCHOMy
.Hpycy.
B o6oHX pa3pe3ax o6paugaIOT Ha ce6a
.BHHMauHe,gBa MOMerrra - IIa3IHLIHe HOHTH-
HeHTaJIbHbIX OTJIO?HOI-IRII 1I0A MOpCHHMH 6a-
HHHCHHMH 143BCCTHHHaMH H nprCyTCTBHe
.Didacna aff. parvula B CpaBIIHTOJibl-IO rpy6o-
.3epHHCTbIX nprifipeHlibix ocaAuax. HepBoe
(I)Hr. 32. Pa3pea ApeBHeaeTBep'riu-
HbIX 0TJI0HCe1-1Hn B AOJIHHe I1H3bIJI-
Y3eHb
xaparTepHO H AJIH ApyrHx 6eperoB Hacirs
(Hpi iacnIIi ci as 111'13MeIII-IOCTb ,A,areCTarIa, A3ep6ai&ii all), rAe oTMeBexbI TaH-
-aHe Ha3eMrlbIO o6pa30Balwa, IiorpaHHBHble Me?HAy anfepOHCHHM H 6aHHHCHHM
.apycaMH (0TIOpHIoucI as TOJIII;a> B. E. XaiIrIa). R 3TOMy MbI W90 BepHeMCH.
TO ?He HacaeTCa HaJIHLIna D. aff. parvula B npH6pe?HHOR (ai ix, TO 3TO npeA-
CTaBJIHeT HCCOMIICIIIIbffi CTpaTHrpac WgOCHIIn HIITepec. BO BCOX 113BeCTHbIX Me-
,CTaX, B TOM LIIICJIO H B HJIaccivieCHOM pa3pe3e KFOpbI 6arnHCHOrO apyca>,
D. parvula CBa3aIIa C rJIHIIHCTbIMII n neCLIariO-rJIHHHCTbIMH ocaAHaMH. I/ICICJIlO-
ileHHe COCTaBJIaeT CeBepIIbMa 6eper .RpaCHOBOACHOrO IIOJlyocTpOBa (CM. BNme),
Yge yaa3arIllaa c opMa BCTpe'JelIa B H3B0CTHHICax. HO3TOMy I-Iago HpeRHOJIaraTb,
TO B HpeAerlax BoCTO=IHOro rio6epe?HbH F acnna D. parvula o61ITaJIa Ha npOTa-
XW11Hn Bcero 6ariruicHoro Bella.
HecHOJIbHO CJIOB enie o Ha3eMIILIx 06pa3OBaHHHX, nOACTHJIa1OIIUIx 6aHHH-
?cICIIe MopCIClie ocaAHH. B03paCT IIX MO?HOT 6MTb OnpeAeJreH HaIC Ao6aHHHCHHH H
nocjieanmepoIicm,trI; Iio-BIIAIIMOMy, OH OAH03HaBIell TIOPHSIHCHHM OTJIO}HCHHHM
A3ep6ai itaHa, OTBeuaI0II[HM nepepbIrly MO?HAy anniepwicuol H 6aHHHCHOr
TpaHcrpeccHaMH. `Fa1tum o6pa30M, cyneCH, rJIHHbI H H(e6eHb, 3areraIOH]He noA
6aHHHCHHMH 143BCC'rIIHltaMlr B AOJInHaX Calla-RygyH H HH3bIJI-eY 3eHb, HaAo
paccMaTpHBaTb Halt IIpoJIJoBnaJIblIbie HaI or JIelIHH, c opMnpoBaBIHneCa B YCJIO-
'BIIHX AOBOJIbIIO II143HOrO CTOHIIIIH nocilea1ImepOHClto1'O MOpH. CpaBHIITeJIbHO
,60JIbuiaa eyMMaplan (rJu uMaa) MOIIwHOCTb 3THX OTJIO?HeHFH, AOCTHraIon all
HOLITH 20 M, yHa3bIBaOT na 3I-IagJITCJIbHbIH HpOMe?HyTOI{ BpeMein, B TeLICHHe
HOTOpOro OTJIara.Il'ICb npOJIIOB13aJIbllble odaW li H npoAOJI}HaJIOCb H143HOe CTOH-
'Hne ypOBn-Ia MOpa. 3AOCb IIaJJ;O y`InThIBaTb Tarriue IIHtITO?HnbIII BO'g0G6opHbII3
Oacceirn it, caeAOBaTeribI-IO, HOJI14t1ecTBO H CHOpOCTb Hauoiijim H ocaAHOB.
1 JIa6opaTOpHII MHFpo'5HOCTpaTHrpatT1HH BH14rPH, JIeHHIIrpaA.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HecoMHeHHnIII HHTepec HpeACTaBJIIIIOT JI6000BHj;HtIe HSeJITOBaTO-HaJIeBbIO
yIIJIOTileHHnIe CyHeCH, MOII[HOCTbIO go 15-17 M, o6pa3yiouAHe BepxH HOHTH-
HeHTaJIbHOII Hoj[6aHHHcHoii TOMAH. XapaHTep 3TJIX o6pa3oBa1HA FOBOp1IT
o cpaBHHTeJImHO Ma3IOM IIOCTyIIJIOHHH rpy6oro IIpOJIIOBHaJIbHOrO MaTepHaJia
H o Ha}OHJIeHHH B AOJIHHaxrJlaBHbIMo6pa3oM JIeCCOBHgHNIXeyueCeI3, B03MO}HHO,
B yCJIOBHHX cyxoro KJIHMaTa.
Xa3apeRne MopdHHe OTJIO ReHHn B IIpeAeJIax OTMegeHHoro ygaCTKa uo-
6epembH BCTpOqeiibi HaMH He 6bI3III. BepOHTHO, OHII yHHgTo 1CeHLI a6pa3HeK
HocJle) ylolueu xBaJImIHCxoii TpaHcrpeccHH.
HH}KHexBaJTLIHCHHe 0TJIOMeHHH o6pa3ylOT Teppacbl, HOTOpLIe B B1I
OTIXe3IbHbIx O6pbIBHOB pa3BHTbI Ha HpyTOM a6pa3HOHHOM CKJIOHe 6epera. BOJiee
HoJIHhII3 KOMIIJIe1CC Teppac CoxpaHI3JICH B OHHCa1IHbIX BbIHIe j[oJIHHax, xyga
HHrpecCHBHO 3axogHJIH BOjjM XBaJIbIHCHoro Mopes.
DD1Ir. 33. llpo i1uIh gepea Teppacbl AoJIHIIbi KeTmu (y 4 opTa IIIeBgel1r o).
1 - HopeHHbte nopoAbi; 2 - HnncHexBanbcncnne raneuniHu; 3 - nponioBHaJlbTble cynecn
co ule6HeM anoxu nepepuea McHigy panne- n noaJHexnarm,HCxHMI.I TpaHcrpeccHHMM;
4 - BepxHexnanbiucnne uecvaHb 2. CJIOHCTble rJIHIIHCTfle HOCKH HOHCabHO-Ceporo 1 BOTa. Morr nocTb 0,6 M.
))3. PhixabII4 KO31PJloMepaT H3 XopOIHO oICaTaI-II oIT 153BCCTIIHR0B011 ra3IbICH, 3aJIeraIOIIjHH
c HencIILIM IJ000rJIacHeM Ha IIOJ{CTHJIa10IrrIX HOpUJ[aX. MOMHOCTb 0,3-0,4 M.
Q3 4. KOCOCJIOHCTGIO HOCKH C HPOCJIOIMH H JIHII3aM31 HJIOXO COPTHPOBaHHO1T Me6eHKH H3-
BeCTIIfma. MOII[IIOCTb '1-'1,5 M. 831313 OHH IIOCTOHOIIHo HepeXOAHT B c iofi 5.
> 5. CBeTJIOHCeJITble TOIIISOCJIOHCTble rJIHIIHCTb1e Hecirn,
HOCTeroIIIIO HepeXO)AMJi MO B CJIOLI 6. MOJI[HOCTB 1 M.
> 6. CJIOHCTbIo IIJIOT11IIo Cepble rJIHHbI C OTHe'IaTKaMH
H OcTaTKaMH JIHCTbeB H CTe6JIOH KaMbIIHa H IIeoH-
pOJJ;eJIHMbIO 06JIOMISH MOJIJHOCISOB. MOHIHOCTm 1,5--
2 M.
>> 7. CJIOHCTbre CepOBaTO-TIH.nb ilepe3 Teppacbl y pbi6Horo HpOMbICJIa KH3LIJI-Y3eHb.
I - HOPCIIHble HopoAbl; 2 - ApCBneveTBepTl'HLle Ha3eMHbfe Cyrl1BHHB; 3 - OaoHnCHBe
B3BOCTHRHB; 4 - XBa3b,HCHI1e rajle`IHLIIio; 5 - BepxHeXBanbIHCnae HecHH;
6 - HoBOIIacrIil IC1ioe necon
raTiblm 14 OICaTaiIIIbIMH rJrb16aMH. ?ayHa BCTpeT3aeTCH peJ[ico H HJIOXOII coxpaH-
HOCTH. BepxHexBa3lmIHcICHe OTJIOaMSOHHFI o6pa3yIOT Teppacy, BJIOMOHHyIO B A0-
aiuiy CaISa-HyAyrc; B oCHOBaIIHH OHa cJio icella HpoJIIOBHaJIbxbIMH OTJIOaICe-
IIHHMH.
AHauoriLIIIaH icapTHIla IIa6JH0AaeTCfl B Z(OJIHIIe TIOJIbxyJIH (CS1Hr. 36).
3,gecb BepXHeXBaJIbIIICICHO OTHOaISeI-Hi 3aX0A}IT B AOJIHHy, 06pa3yll poBHyIO,
IIOLITH r0pH30HTaJIbIIYIO HOBepxHOCTb, HpOpe3aHHyio 6oiiee MOJiogbIM pyCJTOM.
B I-IaH6o3lee HOJII1OM pa3pe3e, B 3-4 HM OT MopH, B HpaBOM 60pTy A0aHIIbI
TIOJIbISyJIH o6HaalcaIOTCl (cBepxy):
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60
IZ(40) , ?
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Q3 ?y1. PbIx2IrIIi rajlegHHH C necxoM H 06n'mnok dayiioli: Didacna praetrigonoides N a 1.,
D. aff. cristata B o g., D. thukovi, D. aff. parallella B o g., D. cf. vulgaris, Dreis-
sensia po1yrnorpha P a 1 1. Moii iioc b 0,5 M.
,,Q"2. IlepecnanBaHHe 3THx me rajIeIHMICOB Co CJIOgcTLIMH cepb]MH necxiaHHCTTIMH rJIHHaMH.
MOIQIioCTl 1 M.
,> 3. PaJIegHHH C paxymeii D. praetrigonoides H Ap. (>ayHa allajiorilgHa cnlolo 1). MorQ-
HocTm Menee 0,4 M. C HeacHaIM IIecorJIacneM 3TOT CJIOi3 3ameraeT IIa HHH{ennes+CaIQHX
0TJIOMceHIHHx.
-Z(261
I nr. 36. IIpoc rulb gepe3 Teppacbt gongnbl TIonbxynIH.
I - Hopeiniue nopoAbl; 2 - npo.noBHaJIbHuIe rane'lnllaa; necnn n cynecn aaoxn nepepbiBa MeaiAy
?panHe- II no31XnexBanbIHCHIIMn TpaHcrpeccHHMu; 3 -BepxHexBaJlbincHne necim; 4 - nocMexBaJlbtHcHHe
npoJIIOBnanbHble cynecn; 5 - HononacnHCicnne oTJlo}Henwi; 6 - COBpeMeHHbII3 npOJIIOBHii
~Qa 4. TOHIioCJIOMCTbie ubIJIeBaTble IIeCgaHHCTbIO IIeHeJIbHO-cepble cyrJIHHMH C I ayHOi3:
Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h., Zagrabica brusiniana D y b., Lymnaea sp., onpeje-
JieHiion B. H. HoJIecHHICOBuM HaH xBaJlbIHCHHa3 npeCnoBOAHbII3 HOMnJIeKC. Mon[HOCTb
1-2 M.
'>> 5. CBeTJIOMeJITrIe HOCOCJIOHCTble rJIHHHCTble necHH. NIOMHOCTb 3 M.
e 6. JIH1130BHAHIO yTOJuhaioIQMI3Ca IIpoCJIoii MOCOCJIOHCTLIX rpy6aIX, nJIOXO CopTHp0BaIIHbIX
neGROB. MOH9HOCTb 0,5 M.
.>> 7. IIJIOXO COPTMpOBaHHLIe cynecn, 6ypOBaTo-HteJITOro r BeTa, c HpOCJIOHMM IIIC6Ha H3-
BCCTHHMOB. Mon[HOCTb 2,5 M.
a 8. PbIx miii HOHPJIOMepaT H3 IIJIOXO ouaTaHRLix rJIb16 uje6Ha H ranbHM H3BeCTHHMOB;
BHAMMaa MOnRIIOCTb AO 0,5 M. BbICOTa aTOrO CJIOH Iiaj ypOBHCM I{acnna oHoiIo 3-5 M.
TaI{HM o6pa3OM, 3Aecb HOHCTaTHpOBaHbI Ha3eMHble o6pa3oBaHITFI npoJIIo-
-BHaHibHOro THHa, IIOACTHJIaIOll;ne MOpCHHe BepXHeXBajiLnicICIIe OTJIoxceHHn, qTo
uoATBepxcAaOT BbICxa3axxoe pailee HaMH ((DeAopon, 19461i 19481) npeAHoHo-
alceHHe 0 I a3e perpeccHH Mopsl MexcAy panne- H 1a03AIIeXBaJIbIHCHHM14 TpaHer-
pecCHHMH. HaH MbI YBHAI'IM AaJiee, B CeBepxoM HpiiuaCHHH Taww Tce HMeloTesi
'ICOHTHHOHTaJlbxbie OTJIOHCeHHS3, IIorpaHHgllble Me i y HH?HHe- H BepxH0XBa-
.JIbIHCICIIbIII MopCKIIMH ocagitaMH.
HOBOHaCnHI3cIu4e oTJTOMOHHSI o6pa3ylOT oAHy geTRO BblpameHHyJO Teppacy
H HecHOJibxo 6oJlee MOJIOAbIX 6eperoBbix BaJIOB. Ha a6pa3HOHHblx ygacTicax
6epera (oco6eHHO Me s y MbICaMH YpJII0U H CErbIHAbIIC) Teppaca cToHCeHa rpy-
-6oo6JioMotHbIM MaTepHaJloM, a'lacTo H COBepIHeHHO JIHIIIexa Hanoca, o6pa3ysi
.a6pa3HOHHyIO HJIomaAxy (6eHg), Bblpe3aHIIyIO B HeOreHOBbIX OTJIO?I OHHFIX.
JT,pennnsi 6operoBasi JIHHHsl aTOR Teppacbl pacuo o?ICeiia Ha BEICOTe-22 (6-
6,5)M. B paI3one (JopTa LfleBgeHHo noBOHacIHHcU{He OTJIOMOHHSI o6pa3yIOT
BayTnHCHyIO ICOCy, HpH'IJICHHIOH[yIOCH HOA OCTpbIM yrJIOM H 6epery H BbITFIHy-
TyIO Ha 8 RM B MC IAHOHaJIbHOM HanpaBJIeHIIII.
Hoaoi aeuniici ne oTJIO?AeIIHH HHrpeCCHBHO 3aXOAHT BO ace AOJIIIHbI, OTRpbl-
BaIowsiecsl II MOpIO, 3aJIerasl B noHHnceHHSIX 3p03HOHHEIX JIOH#6HH, IIpope3alO-
.IIjnx 1T03AIIeXBaJIbIHCHYIO Teppacy. 3AeCb HOBOHaCHHHCICHe OTJIOSKCHHJI IIpeA-
.cTaBJleHbI HpeIIMyWeCTBOHHO PJIHHHCTO-nec'IaHbIMH o6 pa30BaiiHSIMH.
B AOJIHHe TIOJIbHyJIH, B 0,5 HM OT MOpa, na6.inoAaeTCH cJIeAyiinjni3
pa3pe3 (cBepxy):
1. CyneCn HOHTHHeHTaJIbHble. MOnlHOCTb 0, 3 M.
2. CCpble cJIOHCTGIe necgaHMCTble rJIMHbI c Cardium edule B napHbIX CTBOpMax H oTne-
gaTnaMH JInCTbeB M CTe6Jiei3 HaMblma. MouQIIOCTb 0,5 M.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
:3. 3T.H .axe rJ iiiiu 6ea (Dayiibi. MOWIIOCTJ 1 M.
4. I{OCOCJIOHCTLIO Cyneci3 co wc6eatCoii, nepOCJlaHBa1OMHeCH C CyrJIHHxaMH; BlJkHMaf
MOJIWOCT'b 3 M. I3bICOTa HOJjOHIBLI CJIOII nag ypOBHeM J acnr3ll oxoJlo I M.
TaKHM o6pa30M, llpOJIIOBHaJIbHble OTJIO?ICOHHH CJIOOB 3 H 4 OTMe IaIoT Bpe3
jjoJiiHbi, IIpegmeCTBOBaBHIHH o6pa30BaH1Io iioi3maCHIIRCHOH TeppaCbI, BJuo-
3KeHH0II B BepxHIexJJaJIbIHCKyIo. Bpe3 K HaForaIeHHe CyleceII co Bje6eHHOII
OTHOCHTCH IC aroxe IIOCJIexBaJIbHICKOI3 perpeCCHH Hacunl.
CeBepuee Mblca YpJrior, B cyxoM HoJIOJjIje, pacnoJloxceIHOM 63113 6poBKl
HOBoHadIIHHCK0l TeppaCbI, B1jjIIO, iITO 1OJj CJIOHCTbIMH FJIHHHCTbIMH IIeCKaMi
,e Cardium edule MOBLHOCTMO 0,5 M 3aJieraeT CJIOH KOMKOBaTOH IIOCJIOHCTOI,
1IJIOXO COpTHpOBaIIIIOH CyIIOCFI MOHIIIOCTblO Jjo 0,7 M. HOCJ1eJjHHH 3a3IeraeT
i-Ia pa3MbITOH HOBepXHOCTI I3epXHexBaJIbIHCIClX )j0Tp1TyCOBO-OOJIHTOBbIX 13-
BeCTHHKOB. BCe 3TO C IICCOMIHOI(IHOCTLIO yKa3blBaeT Ha (a3y JjOBOJIbHO rJly6OKol
1 oTHOC1TeJIbHO JI IHTOJILHOII perpOCCIIH, HpeAmecTBOBaBmeH paCHpOCTpaHeHliO
.MOpi c C. edule.
CeBeplloe uoGepe?xbe Maurblulnialca
BoCTonHaH iIaCTb CeBeplHOro no6epeRMH MaHrbImu1aHa, o6pa3yIoHjal Io?K-
ZlbIii 6cper 3aJIHBOB Capbi-T aBI H I{ogial, Bo3BbIllIeHa H paC11J1eneHa J[o3IHHaM1
TI canMH Ha OTJje3ljI Me MaCCHBLi B CBH3H C TeM, *ITO 3JjeCb Ii 6epery HOJj OCTpbIM
yrJIOM HOJjXO)jFIT xpe60T CeBepnbllr AKTay. OTJjenbHble B03BbIIIIeHHOCTI Jj0-
-CT1ralOT 150-200 M a6C. BbIC. AOJIHHbl H Cal BbI11OJIHeHbI rJIHHIICTO-me6HH-
-CTbIMH HpoJIIOBHaJIbIIbIMu OTJIO?KellHMH. Ha HJIOCICIX H IIOJIOrO HaRJIOHeHHEIX
IIOBepXHOCTHX 3aaeraIOT aJIIOB1aJIbllble Bje6HHCTble OTJIO)KOHHH BeCbMa He3Ha-
gI1TeJIbHOI MOHlHOCTII. CKJIOHbi 130313bImeIIHOCTOH 1 HX IIOJjHO?Kbg 3arpoMO?K-
,JjeHbI JjeJIIOBHaJIbIIbIMH rpy6oO6JIOMOgllbIM H FJIHHHCTO-Bje6HHCTbIM MaTeplalTOM.
PacLIJIeHeIIHOCTb pe3lbecj)a B 3HaggHTelIbIIOII CTOIIeH1 oupeJjeiiHeT paCHpOCT-
paHeHue MOpcHHX LIeTBepTH'IIILIX OTJIO?KeH41 H HX Coxpailloc b. MopcHHe
OTJIO1KeHHH pa3BHTbI B lIpH6pe?KII0H HH3MeHHOCTH, npOTnrHBaIowelCH y3HO1
IIOJIOCOH y nogHOHtbf KpyTOro a6pa3IIoHHOro o6pblBa. HaH6oHIee JjpeBH14MH
:HBJIHIOTCH H3BeCTKOBHCTbIO IIeCLIaHvIm 1 KOHFJIOMepaTbl, KOTOpbIO pa3BHTbI Ha
BOCTOLIHOM 1 IOro-BOCTOLIIIOM 6eperax 3a3I1Ba RogaH (B paloHe MOPHJIbl ,1i icii-
HaJlbi) 1 iIa IO?KIIOM 6epory 3aJr1Ba CapbI-Tam. Ho CBOeMy JIHTOJIOrILIeCKOMy
-000TaBy 1 yCJIOBIHM 3a3leraIII1H OH1 oumb 6Jr13KH K H3BOCTKOBIICTbIM IIoCga-
HHKaM paRoHa MaCTeK-Hb13a1 Ha By3a1I1 (cM. C1eJjyI011 ylo rIraBy), OTHeCerl-
.HbIM K 6aICHHCICOMy HpyCy. Cpe) r BeCbMa leMHOrOLIHCJIOHHLIX OTHegaTKOB
paKOBlII BCTpeHaIOTCH (J)OpMbI, 631131C1e K HeKOTOpLIM Bn) aM 13 6aIHHCKIX
1I3BeCTIfOI314CTLlx noclialr1KOB H-o13a By3arm, a Tar He yaue onlCaHHbIX JjOJIHH
11l3bIJi-Y3eIIb H CaKa-1.cyJjyu.
B palioHe MorlulbI ?KHIIa3IbI Ha a6paJjipoBaHIIOii HoBepxHOCTH BepxHeMe-
J1OBbIX'6eirbix MepreJIeII 3aJieI'aIOT KOCOCJIOHCTLIO ?KOJITble H3BeCTHHKOBO-JjeTpl-
TycOBLIC lectIallKl,rIOJjCTHJIaeMbio 6a3a31r,u IM ralIequlHOM H3 XOpOIH0 oRaTaH-
HOII KpeMHHCTOH raJibKII. HOCJIeJjHHH 13 3IIaLlIITeJIbuOM KOJIHgOCTBe pa Cceana
11 B TOJIHje necuaIIhKOB. MOIAIIOCTb ueenaIIIIKOB Ti ra3IOLIHHKa 0140310 4 M. RpOBJIH
6aiclHCK1x OTJTOIH0I1114 3Jj0Cb paCHOJTO?Keiia IIeCKOJIb-O 11140 HyJIeBOII ropl-
30HTaJI1. 13 4,5-5 KM 3anaAuco MorHJ1bI u?KHHaJlbl 6aKHHCKIe necgaHHKH
BbIKJIIIHHBaIOTCH; IIO-Bil aMOMy, 01111 yH1LITO?KOIIM lOCJIeJjy1OIARMI rip or BCCaMH
1IpORIOBlallbuoro ciIoca c CenepHOr0 AK'ray. -
BJI13Kue 1I0 BHe1I11fOMy 063114 4y HOpOJjbi BCTpOLIellbl Ha IoIKHOM 6epery
:aaJrllBa Capii-Tam. Y Co130pII0r0 HOJjIIO?Kbii o6oco6JIOHHOII B03BbIMOH11OCTI
YHra3a pa3BHHTa HOJrorO HaI13I01IOHHaH 14 MOpIO Teppaca. B ee 6poime o6Ha?Ka-
IOTCH KOCOCJIOICTblc Jj0Tp1TyCOBO-13BOCTK0BHCTble HeCLIaHiKl, 3aru1i0LIaIon ue
xoporno oKaTaHHylo Kp0MIl0B TI0 raJ ri1y II pOJjRH0 OTHe'IaTiiH Didacna 6a-
IIHHCKO-xa3apClloro o6JIHKa. .13 HH3aX pa3pe3a 3aJlera0T raJiegIH1410Bblfl KOHr -
JIoMepaT. 13BepX, HO M00 yMoubI11011HH CoJjep?ICaHHH raJlbKn, neCLiaHHKH CTa-
HoBHTCH 60.-lee McJTK03epHHCTbIMH. HpOC3I01 UTb HenoepeJjCTBeIIHO HaJreraHHe
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
3THX OTJIO?HOHIIii Ha 1 O1IeTBepTHLIHble (MeHIOBble) IIOpogbi He ygaJIOCb. BgRHMaaa
MOnjHOCTb IIecgaHHI#oB OHOJIO 20-25 M. CyAA no XapaHTepy caMHX OTJIO?HOHHIL
II yCJIOBHJIM HX 3aiieraHHH, a awe Ha OCHOBamm XOT$ H peAHHx, HO BCO
H{e IIMeIOHAHXCH OTHegaTI#OB Didacna, 3TH OTJIOH#eHHH, BIIAHMO, MO?HHO OTHeCTII
H 6aHIIHCxoMy npycy.
]ranee Ha 3anag 6aHHHCHHe OTJIOMeHIIH BbIHJIHHHBaIOTC$1 II Ha Beets ceBep--
HoM 6epery MaHrbImJIaua OHH He 6bIJIII HaMH o6Hapym eHLI.
Ha ceBepxoM no6epex#be MaHrbininlaHa, Y HOAHOWbJI HpyToro 6epera,
McCTaMH npOCJIOH#HBaIOTCII 06pbIBHH Teppac. OTLIeTJIHBO BblpalneHHNe Tep?-
pacbI pa3BHThI B paIIOHe 3HMOBbH CyaT H Me?HAy MbicaMII L?ICHraJIraH H BarapA-
?HIIH. Y CyaTa, B Bepxxel3 LIaCTII CI#Jiona 6eperoBoro o6pbIBa, AocTHramii ero,
BBICOTbI oxonio 200 M Hag ypoaneM HacHHn, pa3BHTa TeppacoBHAHaii IIOBepX-
HOCTb, paclloJio?HeHHax Ha BbicoTe OT 100 (6poBHa) go 130-140 M (BepxHIII3
neperH6 CHJIOHa) Hag ypoBHeM Haciifi. Teppaca Bbipe3aHa B HeoreHOBbix H3-
BecTHAHax, Ha HOTOpbIX 3aiieralOT crniax#eHnble orpoMHbie rjlbi6bi H oHaTaHHLI&
6oaee Memine rJIM6bI H raJlbla. rJIb16bI H13JIFIIOTCJI OCTaTHaMH ApOBHIIX OHOJI3-
Heli, o6pa6oTanHLIx MopcHHM npH6oeM. Teppaca HpOCTHpaeTCH BAOJlb 6epera
Ha 3,5-4 HM, HMe}I B MHPIIHy 1-1,5 HM. DayHa Ha HeH He o6Hapymena II
1103TOMy CYAIITb 0 ee Bo3paCTe He HpeACTaBJIFIeTCJI BO3MO?HHbIM, OgHaKo HeT'
HHHaMIIx CoMHeHHII, 11TO oHa MopcHOro HponcxomAeHHH. Ti 6aHHHCHOMy Bpe-
McHH ona oTHecena 6bITb He MOMeT, TaR HaH 6aHHHCHHe OTJIO?HOHHH npII6pe?I#-
Horo xapal#Tepa BbiKJIHHHBaIOTCH Ha 60-70 M HHH#O HO CHJIOHY. MoHCHO JIHHIli
HpegHOJIOH#lTeJIbHO rOBOpHTb 0 BOpXHeHJIHOIZeHOBOM Bo3paCTe (B03MOMHO,
amiarbIJI HJIH anmepon).
HHme 6pOBHII 3TOI3 Teppacbl pacnoJloH#ella AOBOJIEHO y311an BepxHexBaJlbiH-
CHaH Teppaca, cno?HeHnan McJITbIMH cyuec5IMH c 1JayHOil Didacna praetrigo-?
noides N a I., D. parallella B o g., D. all. cristata Bog., Dreissensia po-
lymorpha P a 1 1., Dr. rostri formis D e s h. BeperoBau JIHHIIFI ee npocniemena
Ha BLICOTe 23-24 M Hag ypoBHeM HaciHii. HoAHO?I#be 06pbIBa BepxnexBaJibIH-
CHOII Teppacbl 3arpoMol#geno OUOJI3HHMII H o6pymlBIHHMHCFi rJIb16aMH II3BOCT-
HHHOB; HHH#e IIpocJleH#HBaeTCH y3HaH HoBoiacnHIidlan Teppaca, cJiO?HeHHa$
pa3HO3epHIICTbIM HOCHOM c Cardium edule L., Didacna trigonoides P a 1 1.,
Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 11.
3anagnee Mbica ,TI?HHrannraH, Y HOAHO?HbH 6eperoBoro o6pbIBa, pacnoJio-
x#ena noJloro HaHJIOH HHaH H MO PTO Teppaca, cJio?HeHHa}l B OCHOBaHHH naJieoreHO-
BbIMII rJIHHaMH, nepeHpblTbIMH CHOJI3HIHMH CBepXy HeOreHOBbIMH II3BeCTHHHaMH,
HOTOpble B BHAC CrJIa?HeHHbiX HaMeHIICTbIX rpHHA, BbICTynalolqIIX cpeAH 6oae&
MOJIHO3eplIHCToro MaTepiaJia, npOTHrIIBaIOTCH pRAaMH, napaJIJleJmHLIMII IIpo-
CTIIpaHHIO Teppacbl. HpOMe?HyTHH MO?HAy OIIOJI3HIIMH 1OHpMITbl oHaTaHHLIMII
rilb16aMn, rannbnoii II cyneCilaHbIM MaTepiannoM. PaHOBHHbI MOJIJIIOCHOB 3AeCb
BCTpenaIOTCH pegHO, OgnaHO HeT HIIHaHoro COMHOHHH B MOpCHOM IIponcxo Hge-
HHH Teppacbl. BepxHHII neperH6 CHJIOHa (6eperoBaH JIHHH$!) llpoc3IemHBaeTC$J
Ha BbICOTe 69-70 M. Y Ilogno?Hbn o6pbIBa Teppacbi pacnoJlo?Hena y3Hax co-
BpeMeHnafl Teppaca,cJIoH#ennan rJIIIHHCTbIM HecHOM c palyHleA: Cardium edule,
Didacna trigonoides, D. crassa E i c h w., D. baeri G r i m m, Monodacna
caspia, Dreissensia polymorpha, Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h.
BOJIee IIOJIHbII3 np0(HJlb iepe3 Teppacbl HMOOTCIT B paAOne Mb1ca Barapg?HHH:
((JHr. 37). 3geCb npaii HJiaTO npope3aOTCFI rJIy6oHnM pgeJibeM, nepeg yCTbeM
ROTOporo pacnoJlon#eH orpOMHbliI HOHyC BbIHoca, BTIgaioigHIiCH B Mope H o6pa-
3yioigmA MMC Barapgx#HH. 3alagnee MLICa Barapg?HHH oTLIeTJIIIBO IIpoCJIe?HH
BaIOTCH Teppacbl Ha ileTbipex OCHOBHbIX ypOBHHX. CaMai BbICOHaII Teppaca,
np}CJIOHeHHas! H CHJIOHy gnHHa, cnonceHa crJIameHHbIMII OUOJI3H$IMII Heoreno
BbIX H3BeCTHIIHOB, OHaTaHI-IbIMH rJIb16aMH II Hpy1HOH raJIbMOH, 3aJIOraIOII;HMH
Ha TpeTHTIHbIX rJIHHax. BeperoBax JIHHIIH Teppacbl, [))IIHCHpoBaHHau OHaTaH-
HbIMH rJlbi6aMH H raJIbHOH, paciamoH#eHa Ha a6COJI10THLIX BLICOTaX go 45-47 M
(oiono 75 M Hag ypoBHeM Hacrum). HIIn#e no CHJIOHy HMOIOTCfi OIJAe ABe Tep-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
,'paCbI TaKOrO me XapaKTepa, pacrioaoHKeI-IImie Ha I3hICOTaX 27 II 19-20 M, win
55 1147-48 M Hag HacHHOM. 06JIOMKII H peAHHe CTBOpRH paKOBHH, 6JIII3KHX
it Didacna cf. cristata B o g., BCTpe=IaIOTCH Ha HHmHHX RByx Teppacax. Elite
HHxce pacnoJioxceHa HpeKpaclio coxpaHHBHIa}Ioa BepxxexBaJIbIHcHaH Teppaca
unipHIIoH go 500 M, CJioiiceHIIafi OHaTaHHbIMH rJib16aMII H raHIbHoi MOMHOCTbIO
.8 Hec}OJmHo McTpOB, 3ajIeraloiwiMH Ha a6pawipoBaHHOH HOBO XHOCTH rJIHH
M
F-5-2551 1
'DIIr. 37. IIpocJ MJrb qepea reppacbl cesepnoro 6epera MaHrbimjiaxa, y Mbica BarapAxeHK.
1 - Hopeullbie noponbi; 2 - raI1egnlrnH, oxaTaHHbre rnbr6bi H ono.nBHI; 3 - nle6eab
,(IIasieoren). Beperonax JIHHIIH TeppaCbI IIpOCJIeHHHBaeTCii Ha BbICOTe -2 M,
HJiH 26 M Hag ypOBHOM Racnna. (DayHa Ha Teppace BCTpegaeTCH pewiO II TO
B BHAe O6JIOMHOB Didacna of. praetrigonoides N a 1. Y IIO)ZHO?KbH Teppacbi
paono iomeHa conpeMeiIIIan KacnHHCKaa Teppaca - IIJIHHK, HoAHHMa1OII[HHCH
go 1,5-2 M Hag ype30M BOgbI. HOBOKacHHHCKan Teppaca Ha 3TOM ynacTKe
6epera yHHgTOxteria a6pa311ei.
2 ?J
(l)ire. 38. IIpo rinb 'Iepe3 reppacai y Mbuca Tio64- apararl
(y ~Opra IIIeB eHxo).
I - Hopennbie 11opoaII;_;2 -- \BaJIbincFme raneennnu; .3 - HoBoxacnHHcI He
neclcu c ra,nbHoft
3aIIaztHee 0IIOJI3I1013bIO HI3JIOHHH AOCTHraIOTel;e 60JIbmero pa3BHTIIH H Teppa-
CbI HOLITH He COXpaHHJIIICb. BeperoBoi o6pMIB 3];eCb 3arpOMOir eH OIIOJI3HHMH,
o6pa3yIOIAIIMn xapaKTepllbie orOn3IIeBble TeppaCbI H IIpwiBiOll HMH CKJIOHy
o6pMBa xaOTHgeCHH cTyneHgaTbIH XapaKTep. BbICOTa 6pOBKII Hag HacimeM
IIpeBbimaeT 150 M.
IOHHHee Mblca TIo6-Haparaii 6eperonoH o6pbIB Tannce B 3Ha~IIITeJIbHOH
CTeIIeHH oCJIOHUIeII OIIOJI3IIBM14. TonIbno B6JIH3H (opTa 1.11eBgeHKO, B CBFI3H
c noixorHM HOrpy?KOHHeM npOBJIH HajIeOreHOBbIX rJIHH BIOHKHOM HanpaBJIeHHH,
coxpaHHJIHCb 'JOTKO BLIpaHKOHIIbIO TeppaCbI ((Hr. 38). Ha cKJloHo 6eperoBOro
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
o6pblBa, AocTHralou ero BbICOTbI Hag yposxeM RaCHHH 60Jiee 100-120 M,
upoCJIe?x1BalOTCH Teppacbl. BepxHna Teppaca, ogeHb naiOxo coxpaiIHBHIaacx,
CJIoa eIIa olfaTaHHbIM rpy6006JIOMOIqHLIM MaTepHaJIOM, cpegH ICOTOpOrO JI$Inb
H3pewxa MO?xH0 BCTpeTFITb erne 06JIOMHH paHOBHH H3 rpynnbl Didacna
(DHr. 39. A6pa3HOHHbIii 6eper B paiioae Mb1ca TM-HaparaH. Ha nepejHeM
HJIaHe oHaTaHHble rJIbl6bI, BLIMbITLIe H3 XBanbIHCHOH Teppacbl. CJIeBa Ha aag-
HeM njiaHe yCTyll 3TOiT Teppacbl
zhukovi .iJIH D. of. cristata. BeperoBaa JIHHITH Teppacbl npocJIe1I{IIBaeTCH Ha
BBICOTO oxoJIO 40 M, HJIH oiono 70 M Hag HacnleM. HHxce paduono?xeHa
ileTxaa Teppaca, IHHPHHOl3 6oJiee 100 M, CJIOHCeHHaH XOponio onaTaHHbIMH
rJmI6aMH H raJlbKOil, 3a3leraIOH;HMH Ha a6paj(HpOBaHHoi HOBOPXHOCT1 naJieore-
HOBLIX r.IHH. B oTJIO?KeHHHx Teppacbl BCTpe'IaIOTCH peRKHO CTBOpH1 D. pra-
etrigonoides. BbICOTa-6eperosoi3 alHHH Teppacbl oxoJio -3 M, HJIYI 25 M Hag
F acUHeM ((Hr. 39). McOTaMH y uogHo I ba 3TOH Teppacbl CoxpaHHJIHCb 06pbMBHH
6o iee MOJIOAOH Teppacbl, BLICOTOII 6-6,5 M Hag HacnHeM. OHa CJIO?KeHa raJlb-
xoi3, necxoM H pamynleil, Cpej;Ii KOTOPOJI BCTpeiIaloTCH: Cardium edule, Di-
dacna trigonoides, Dreissensia polymorpha. CyRH no xapaKTepy c aynbl H CXOR-
CTBy BMICOT 6eperoBbix JIHHHI3 c 60Jiee IOHCHLIMiT ygaCTxaMH no6epemba
(CM. BbIlne), caMyio BbICOxyIO Teppacy MO?ICHO CiIITTaTb HH?xnexBaJIbIHCHog,
CpeAHlolo - BepXHeXBaJIbIHCKOiI H H14MHIOIO - HOBOKacmaRcuOlT.
Hax BXgHO 113 H3JI0?xeHHOr0 Bblme, XaparTepHbIMH iiepTaMH xaCHIIHCHHX
OTJIo?HeHni ceBepnoro no6epemba MaHrMIHmJlaxa HBJIHIOTCH rpy6wA Mexa-
HIT 4ecKHii COCTaB, a6pa3noHmii xapawTep Teppac, 6euHOCTb Hx c ayaog,
mITpoHoe pa3BI4THe OHOJI3HeBbIX HBJIeHITIT, 1MeBfIIX MOCTO B OCHOBHOM ) O paH-
HeXBaJlblHcxoii TpaHcrpeccim.
4. CTPATHrPA(DHH iIETBEPTHiIHbIX OTJIO)KEHYIf
BOCTOiIHOro IIPHKACHIIH
HaAo oTMeTHTb, TITO geTaJlbnoe H o60CIIOBaHHOe pac'uIeHeHHe Kac1Hi3CKPIX
OTJIO?KeHHii BOCTOTIHOrO II06epe?xbH, HJIH gpyroro OTgealbno B3HTOro p.a$OHa,
HOBTOMy CTpaTHrpa4HIO LIeTBepTHLIHbIX MOPCKHX OCaJKOB BoCTOqHoro. IIpH-
KacnxH Mbi paCCMOTPHM cel3gaC B IlepsOM npH6JIIIxcexl3H.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
OTJIOH#eHnf1 6aJH11cnoro fipyca o61IapyH#eHbl HotITH Ha Beex yt3acTHav
BOCTWTHOrO no6epeH#bfl HacriHH. OI-IrI pa3BHTbI B HpHHaclHHcHOIH HII3MeH-
HOCTH 3anaAlloii TypnMemnn, Ha HpacHOBOAcnOM HOJIyocTpoBe H Manrbinl-
nane. XapaliTep 3anieraHHH Hx Ha CeBepHOM 6epery HpacH0BOACKOro noJly-
OCTpoBa AaeT oc}oI3aHHe c'mTaTb, iITO BCf1 BHaAHHa Napa-Bora3-Iona B 6a--
x1HCHOe peg 3aTo1JIHJracb MopeM. Fpalinubi 6ai#HHclforo MOPII Ha MaHrbnll-
Jiane H RpaCHOBOACI#oM IIOJIyOCTPOBe He BbI3bIBaIOT HnnanHX coMHennn H HOUITH
COBnaAaIOT C XapaHTepIIbIMH a6pa3110HHLIMH ( OpMaMH peHbe(a. HpH OTOM paH-
HeXBaJIbIHCnHe 6eperOBbre HHHnn JIHInb HeMHOPO Aaniee BAaTOTCH B Cynly, He-
H#eJIH 6anlHcKne H xa3apcKne. 3TO, McHiAy HpoTHHM, rOBOPHT o6 ynacaeAo-
BaHHOCTH B OLIepTaIIHfX paHHexBaJibI -icnoH 6eperOBOA HIIHHH MaHrbIIHJIana OT"
3n0X11 6an nicnoro Mopfr.
TpyAHee FOBOpHTb o rpaHHuax pacrlpOCTpaHOHHfl MOH B npeAeiiax lOro-
3anau io i TypKMelInn FI 3anaAIHOH HiacTH Hn3Mejuibix HapanyMOB. B nepBOM.
CJIyHae rpallnuy MOH#IIO HpOBOAHTb, BOpOHTHO, HO BOCTOiIHOH OHpaHHe Mee-
cepHancHOlI pai3HHIIb1, IOH#Ilee, B npeAeTiax HpaHa,- He BOCTOT3Hee MepHAHana;
FToM6eT-Ra6yca H AaJlee Ha TOP IT 3anaA, BAOJIb ceBepiIblx npeAropnil 3Jlb6ypC-
enoro xpe6Ta.
B Hpn6aJlxaHCno1 HH3MeIHIOCTH MopcHan (JaLHfl 6aHlIHCICHX OTJIOH#eHIH He
pacnpocTpaHfieTCH BOCTOLIIIee BOCTOWIbIX OnOHOTIHOCTen xpe6TOB BOnbmOro,
H Man oro Banrxanoa H RIOpeH-,Llara, 'ITO He 1103BOJIf1eT HpOBOAHTb rpaHHuy
6anHHcnoro Mopf1 BOCTO=H-Iee OTO1I JIHIIHH. HeAaBIIne HccJleAoBaHHA aaporeo--
JlOrnilecKOYI 3nCneAHII14H Ns 11 noATl3epT#AaloT 3TO npeAIl0J1OH#eHHe, Tan Kan
1II3 B pycJle Y36ofI, HH B 6ypoBblx cnBaH#HHax, HpoRAeHHbIx B 3anaAHblx Rapa-
HyMax, 6aicinicnafa c aylia He BCTpeTIeHa BocTOgHee yxa3aHHOK Jlnnnn.
B TO HBe BpeMH HaJin*IHO d)ayHbl BepxHe6anHHcnoro 1J1H ypyHAH#nncnoro-
o6JIFIKa BO BIiaAIIIIax IcyM-Ce6n1eH ii Napa-Mop, a TarH#e noA TOJIIueyi aJiJrlo-
BHaJlbnblx oTJIO?HeIJH1' B Hn3MOI-HbIX HapanyMax, 3anaAHee MepHAHaHa AHI-
Xa6aAa (cM. CTp. 17), AaeT OCIIOBa1Ine HpeAIIOJIaraTb, LITO 6eper MOpfl Toro Bpe--
McHH 6bIJl pacnOJi0?KOH BOCTOXIHee MepHAHana HLI3bIJI-ApBaTa HRH AaH#e Ba-
xapAeHa.
Bai#HHcI#He 0TJ10H#CIIHfI BOCTOtiHOro 11pHHacHHH HpeAcTaBJIeHbI MopcnOii,,
aJIJFIOBHaJIbHO-ACJIbTOBOil, ajlnIOBnaJIbHOH, HpOJIIOBHa3IbllOIH H OOJIOBOIH cpa-
r lIfIMH. MopCnne 6annnc.Kne ocaAKH, Kan 3T0 ITMeeT McCTO Ha LIeJIe1#ene, He4
THI-IOJI rope (He611T-rare), MOIIH#yKJIbI n ApyrHx cTpyiTypax IIpH6aJIXaHCnow
HH3MeHIIOCTH, JIOH#aT Ha pa3MbITOIH IOBepXHOCTII anlnepollcnoro fipyca.
Ha MaIIrbIHIJIane oHH Jro;i#a'rcH Ha TpeT1MHble HJ114 Ha Hpo3lloBnaJILHble OTJIO-
H#eHHfl.
B Hpl6anIxaTICKOH HHII3MOHHOCTn 6ypeHHeM o6HapyanelIbi KOIITHHeHTaJlbHbie'
OTJIOH#CIlnfi, 1IbIHOaJIAIOMH0 APe1ITHe HepeyrJIy6JreHuH n 3a3IeraiowHe McH#Ay
6anHHCK14MH IT ann)epOncnHMH MOpCKHMII ocaAKaMI. Bee 3T0 FOB0 T1T 0 Ao-
BOJIbHO 311a=111TeJII,IIOM HepepbIBe M:eH#Ay annlepoucnou n 6aIHHCKOIH TpallCrpec-
Cn1M1. TaI#HM o6pa3oM, II1H#HHH rpallnua 6aHHIICHHX OTJIOH#ennn 3AeCb (Kan-
H Ha naBKa3CKOM uo6epo1nbO) BHOJIIIe HCHa H onpeAeneIlHa.
BanIII-IcKne oTJIOH#erinn BOCTOLIHoro HpnKacnnn IIa ocHOBaHHH pa3JIn'3nn
B (ayie, AaIIHiix CTpaTnrpa(J)HH n yCJIOBH1I 3anerainl MOryT 6bITb paci3JleHeHbl
Ha HIIH#He6annlICKHe if 13epXHe6anmIIcnHe I'Op113OIITbI.
H TIH#II o6aiHIIcnH O MopCI#ne 0TJ1o}neHHH, HpeAcTaB-
J1eIIHble I'JT141IaMH, 11ecL1alIHGTbIMH rJIHHaMH H necnain, o6Ha?HaJOTCH B ceBep-
HOil gaCTH HpnnacHHilcnol Hn3MeHHOCTII IOro-3anaAnoiH TypnMeHHH H BO
BnaATlHe Haparne. B Apyr1x LIac1'ax BOCTOHHloro HpmlaCnnfl oHH HJIH Horpe-
6eI-IbI IIOJ H03AIIOHIIIHMH 1IaIIJIacTOBaHTHMH, 1JIH HaXOAHTCH I-IHH#e ypoBHA
Racnnfi. TeM He M01100 HeT Hnnanoro COMHennH B TOM, MTO IIHH#He6anlHCHHe'
OTJIOH#OIInfi Pa3B1,l'rbl (nJIH 6J1nIT pa3BHTbI) BAOJIL BCerO BOCTOMIHOPO lO6e-
79-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
pexcbll. c3TII OTJIOxceHRR co)epxaT I ayHy: Didacna parvula N a 1., D. aff.
catillus E i c h w., D. bergi F e d., D. ex gr. subpyramidata P r a v. (Hpalle
peguo), Dreissensia rostriformis H AP., IfoTOpat3, HeCMOTpH Ha HaTIwIYIe McCT-
HbIX (JopM, B o6lgeM CXOAHa c cJayHOiI HHxcxe6axHHcHHx OTJIO?ReHIII3 A3ep6aHA-
xcaHa. HaH60JImHIei3 MOWHOCTH (Ao 200 M ii 6oJiee) HHHwe6aRHHCRIIe OTJIO-
JxOHHH AOCTHraIOT B HpI6aJIxaHCHoA HH3MOHHOCTH H T11I1Mmilape on panoHe,
TO CBH3aHO He TOJIbRO C nporpeCCHpyIOnkHM nporH6aHHeM 9THX AenpeCCHH,
HO H CO 3Ha'IHTeJIbHbIM IIOCTynJleHHeM TOppHreHHOrO MaTephaila.
BepxHe6aHIIHCxile MopcRHe OTJIOHCeHHH, ripeACTaBJIeHHble
H3BeeTHHxaMII-paRymeiiHHxaMH, II3BeCTKOBHCTbIMH IIecgaHHHaMH, IIeCRaMH n,
peme, ROHFJIOMepaTaMII npII6pemHoro xapaRTepa, o6HaxcaIOTCx B 6oJlbnier
'IHCJIe TOWN, LIeM HHMHe6aKHHCRIIe. OHH 143BeCTHbI B rlpH6anxaHCHOH HII3-
McHHOCTH, Ha T3ejIeReHe, HpacHOBo cHom IIOJIyoCTpOBe, ManrblmrraxcxoM
no6epexcbenn-OBe By3atIH, LITO yxa3blBaeT Ha HX IIOBeeMeCTHOe paCIIpOCTpa-
HeHHe n IIpegeJlaX BOCTO*IHOrO IIo6epeaxbsl HacHHH. 3TII OTJIO?ROHIIH CoAepmaT
-4ayHy: Didacna rudis N a 1., D. carditoides A n d r u s., D. rudis var. vul-
garis N a 1., D. rudis var. catillus-rudis N a 1., D. ex gr. subpyramidata
P r a v. (eAIIHHUHble), D. pravoslavlevi Fed., D. ex gr. crassa E i c h w.,
Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Dr. rostriformis D e s h., Dr. ponto-caspica
A n d r u s., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h. HpoMe Toro, B pxAe y'JaCTROB MaH-
rbIIIIJIaxa H HpaCHOBOACROro no3IyoCTpOBa B Bepxne6aRIIHCIIIx OTJIOHCeHHIIx
IIpHCyTCTByeT Didacna all. parvula. OHII 3aJleraIOT Ha HHmHe6aIHHCRHx
rJIHHIICTblx OTJlolxeHHHX HJln Ha 6OJieo ApeBHHx oeaguax. MOIIWHOCTk Bepx-
He6axHnCHIIx OTJIOHCeHHI3 He 11 OBOCXOAHT 06bitIHO HOCROJIb4HX McTpOB.
OTJIOHCeHnFI 6aHHHCxoro npyca AHCJIOB;IIpOBaHLI. OHH npHHHMalOT yua-
CTHC B CTPOeHHn RyIIOJIOBIIAHTIX CTpyRTyp Hp16aHixancxoil HH3MeHHOCTH.
HpOMe Toro, OHH HCIILITLIBaIOT r o iorie HapyiHeHHJI, CBH3aHHble C BepTHHaJIb-
HbIMH ABHJxeHHHMH 6oJIbnmHx lJIon[aAel. Tau, B IOIRHOH'IaCTH Hp1RadnHHCROH
I-I113MOHHOCTH 10ro-3anaAHOI3 TypRMeHHII RpOBJIH HX JIe3RHT 6o3lee LIeM Ha 200 M
Tl1Slce COBpeMeHHOro ypOBHH HacnHH, Ha 1{pacxoBoAcRoM IIOJIyoCTpoBe oHa
paCIIOJloHCeHa BbIIIIe Hy3IeBOI3 ropH3oHTaJIH, a B IleHTpaJlbxoI3 MacTH MaHrbIBI-
.Jiaxcuoro HJIaTO (3aJIHB AJlexcaHAp-Baia, Bna)HHa Haparne) CHOBa norpy-
?xaeTCH Ha HecROJIbRO AeCHTHOB McTpOB HIIMe ypOBHH HaCIIHH. Ha ceBepo-3a-
naAHOM 6epery MaHrMmHlaRa HpOBJIJI 6aRIIHCHIIX oTJlo?ReHHl3 CHOBa nOAHH-
MaeTCfi BbIme HyJIeBoi3 rOpH3OHTaJIII.
HOHTHHeHTaJIIHbIMH aHaJioraMH 6aiiHCRIIx OCaAROB B HII3Mexnblx Hapa-
xyMax 5IBJI}IIOTCJI aJIJIIOBIIaJIbHbie 1OCRH H12130B HapaRyMeHoI3 CBIITII.
Bepxna1 rpaHHAa 6aHHHCRHx 0TJIo?xeHHl3 He BIIOJIHe HCHa. HpeAIIOJIOiRH-
TeJIbxo OHa MO}ReT 6bITb npoBeAena 110 RpOBJIO co6CTBeHHO Bepxue6aRHHcHHx
oTJloxceHnA c Didacna rudis N a 1. H D. carditoides A n d r u s. Torja OTJIO-
-axeHHJI ypyHA}RHRCRoro ropH30HTa c D. eulachia B o g. (F e d.), D. all. ko-
,valevskii B o g., D. pravoslavlevi F e d. H AP. AOJIIHHbI 6bITb OTHeceHbl
.yCJIOBHO H caMMMM HH3aM xa3apcxoro apyca.
Xa3apcicue om.ioaicenuji
OcaARH, OTHOCHMble H Xa3apCROMy Hpycy, IIOJIb3yIOTCH IIIHpOHHM paeupo-
teTpaHeHHeM B npeAeiiax BOCTOLIHoro HpHRaCIIHH. HaH6oJIbmHe IIJIOlI;aAH
3aHlTbI HMII B 3ana)Ho i TypxMeHHH, r7O OHH BblpaaxeHbl IIpeHMyII;OCTBeHHO
B aJIJiloBHa3IbHo-gejIbTOBOI3 H aJIJIIOBHaJIbHOH ij aunH. MopcRHe Xa3apeRHe
?oca)KH HMe1OTCH Ha HpaCHOBOACROM IIOJIyOCTpOBe II MaHrMm3laxe. OCiHOBbI-
BaHCb Ha XapaRTepe iayHM MOJIJIIOCROB II CTpaTHrpa4HLIeCHHX AaHHLIX, Xa-
3apCRne OTJIOxceHnlI BOCTo uoro HpHRaCIIHH MO?RH0 paCLIJIeHHTb Ha HIIiRHe-
xa3apcRHe H BepxHexa3apcRHe ocaARH.
MopcRHe IIpH6pexcnble paHyme*iHHHII H n 3 0 B x a 3 a p c R o r o
A p y c a (ypyHA)R1Rcxnl3 ropn3oHT) B Hp16aJIXaHCROA HH3MeHR0CTH 3aJleralOT
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HecorHaCHO Ha 6ai iiuei ux oTJIo?HeHYIHX, cTpaTHrpacn4 ecICH BBepx uOCTeueuHO
cMeHHHCb oupecueHHbIMH, H, HaEoxeg, HP0GHOBO9HLIMH ocaJ RaMH. Hepexoj
3TOT 1qpe3BbILIaHHo ri iaBIIbITi u BLIpan euI IIOCTeIIOHHbIM yMeHbfIOHHeM pa3MePOB
HapAHIIA, BLIIH? - HX HCLIe3HOBeIIHeM H 3aMeILjeHHeM Dreissensia, UOTOpbie
AaJlee yCTYua1OT MeeTO IIpeCHOBOAHbIM aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-AeJIbTOBMM ocaAHaM
e Unio H paCTHTeJIbIIbIMH OCTaTHaMII (ISaMbIHI). BepXH 3TOH TOJIH;H HpeACTaB--
JIeHLI Ha3eMHbIMH OTJIO?KeHHHMH, B HOTOpbIX 6bIJI1I BCTpetIeHm KOCTH Elephas
wusti M. P a y ! .
AJIJIIOBHaHIbHO-AeJIbTOBal HII?HHoxa3apeRaJ TOJIwa, upOCJImKHBaHCb
B o61IaCTb H143MOHHLIX HapaiiyMOB, IIOCTeIIOHHO IIepOXOAHT B aJIJI1oBHaJIbHble
OTJIO?HeHHH Hpa-Amy-Z(apbH, HMeHyeMble 60JIbIIIHHCTBOM HCCJIeAOBaTeileII
((RapaRyMCHoH cBHTOII>. HocJIeAHHH xapaKTepll3yeTCH npeo611agaHHeM ce-
pbIX HBapI[eBO-CJIIOAIICTbIX Hecl{OB C TeMHLIMH MHHepa.IaMH, nepecJIallBaIO-
LL FIXCH C IIaiieBbIMH uecgaHHCTbIMH rnnHHaMH. BCKpLITaH CKBa?HHHaMH Mow-
HOCTb 3TOH TOJI19II AOCTHraeT 80-160 M (AO HOHua He npoiiAeHa). RJIH uecRoB
XapalTepHa McJIKOBOJIHHCTaH (CTpyHLIaTan) H HOCaf CJIOHCTOCTb. B rnIHHax
4aCTbI TOHLIalIHIHe IIpOUJIaCTHH HBapIZeBO-CJHOAHCTbIX uecHOB.
HpH IIpOCJIe?KHBaHHH Ha 3aIiaA OCaAKH CTaHOBHTCH ewe 6owiee rJIHHHCTbIMIH
H upeACTaBJIHIOT co60H TOJIll>;y CMOHCTbIX uecilaHHCTbIx rJIHH, uepeCJlaHBaiO-
wHXCH c IIeCHaMH. OAHOBpeMeIIIIO C BOCToHa Ha 3auaA aJIJIIOBHaJIbHble ocaAKH
IcapaHyMcHOH CBHTbI CMOIIHIOTCH AeJIbTOBbIMH, 3aTeM AeJIbTOBO-IIpHyCTbeBbIMH,
rAe THHWl1IbI0 AJIH IIepBbIX ABYX (agHIi Unio HCTIe3aIOT, CMeHHHcb Dreis-
sensia, Theodoxus, H, I-IaHOHe1J, y Ioro-3aria AIIOrO OICOHiIaHHH KpacuoBOAcHOrO
H-oBa IIOHBJIHIOTCH Didacna H3 rpynnbi D. subpyramidata P r a vI. Bee 3TO
pucyeT HapTHHY CMeIlbl petIHbIX H AeJIbTOBMX yCJIOBHH yCJIOBHHMH CHJIbHO
onpecuelHOro IIpHycTbeBOro IIpOCTpaI-ICTBa HpyIIHOYI peHH.
JIIO60IIbITHO TO o6CTOHTeJIbCTBO, HTO OTJIO?HeHHH HlluKHexa3apclOi Hapa-
KyMCHOH CBHTbI H ee 6oxiee 3ana)Hble al-Ianorl, IIOAXOAH BHJIOTHyIO H rOpHbIM
CHJIOHaM ROHeT-Aara, Bonbmoro H Maxoro BaJIxaHOB, HIOpsHbiH-Hlope H
Hy6a-Rara, IIOTITH He 06OrawaIOTCH McCTHbIM IIpOJIIOBHaJIbHLIM MaTepllaHIOM.
3T0 CBHAeTeJIbCTByOT 0 HHTJTO?HHOM HpOJIIOBHaJibHOM CHOCe B yCJIOBIIHX cy-
xoro HJiHMaTa.
MOpCI{HMH OTJIO?HeHIIHMH 3TOrO BO3paCTa MO?HHO, HO-BIIAHMOMY, CTHITaTb
npis6pe?HHLIe AeTpHTycOBMe H3BecTHHHH, pa3BIITble BAOJIb II06epe?Kbi MaH-
rblmJIala. HaH6oniee THIIII'IHbI H3BeCTHHKH B pai oue HOJIOAwa HOH-Tac, 3a-
HaAHee MbMCa TOKMaK H, BepOHTHO, ceBepHee MbICa MewloBoro.
Bepxr Ha3eMHbIx OTJIO?HeHHII Xa3apciioii aJIJIIOBIIaJILHOTI TOJIAH pa3MbITbI
14 Ha HX IIOBepXHOCTH aaiieralOT cepble IIeCHH c rnmbi6aMll, raJlbHOH H HaTyuaM1
IIOACTHJIalowFIX r JIHH. KpyriHo3epHHCTb1e 1OCHH coAep?KaT 3epua KBapI[a, TeMHO-
r BeTHbIX MHHepaJIOB H HpyHHble 'IemyARH CJIIOAbI. 3TH OTJIOxceHHH 06pa3ylOT
AOBOJIbHO geTHHA MapHHpylowHH rOpH3OHT, pa3BHTbILI He TOJIbHO B HpH6aJi-
xaHCHOu HH3MeIIHOCTH, HO H B HH3MeIIHbIX HapalyMax. MOHwHOCTb HX 1-4 M.
B rOpH3OHTe IIeCHOB C rJIHIIHHOH raJIbHOH i1aCTO BCTpeiialOTCH KOCTHble OCTaTHH
HpyrHbIX MJIeHOIIHTaIOwHX H 06JIOMHH 3MaJIeBbIX HJIaCTHH 3y60B, npHHaAJIe-
?HawHX Elephas. (DOpMIIpOBalHe ropH3oHTa IIeCHOB c rJIHHHHOH raJibH0ii CBH-
3aHO C HOCJIe)AIIHM KpaTKOBpeMeHHLIM HpOpbIBOM BOA Hpa-Amy-gapbH ~lepe3
HH3MeHHble HapalyMbI H ApeBHeMy Hamm, HMeBIHOM McCTO ewe B IlepBOTI
IIOJIoBHHe xa3apcKoro Beica. OTJloxceHHH 3TH coAep?HaT Carbicula flumina-
lis M u 1 1., a Tami e Unio, 6oJibiual gaCTb HOTOpbIX HBJIHeTCH IIepeOTJIO?HeH-
HOii H3 HOACTHJIaIoweii aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-AeJibTOBOH TOJIWH.
B epxllexa3apcHHe MopcHHe ocaAHli pa3BHTM Ha
Ilo6epe?Hbe HpaCHOBOACHOTO IIoJlyocTpoBa H MallrblmxiaKa, a TaK?Ke ciiaraiOT
OCHOBaHHe Kapa6Ora3CKHX HOC (Hepecbineu), o61Ieuaf 3AecL nepeMLILIHy H3
1 Ha ilejieicexe B BIIxc1-1exa3apcicix 0TJI0)HeHligx BcTpelexh1, xpoMe Toro, D. kova-
levshii Bog., D. pal Iasi P r a v. Ap. (Hama Ha6Jl1oAenM3J 1956 r.).
6 Tpy iu rHH, B. 10 81
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
KOpeHHhIX TpeTBgHbIx IIOpOA. OHH npegeTaBJJeHN IIpI36peHCHIIMPI AOTpITyCOBO-
paHyme'IHKHOBhIMII H3BeCTHBKaMH C ()ayHoJi HpyIIHhIX H TWJICTOCTenilbIX Di-
dacna surachanica A n d r u s., D. karabugazica B o g., D. ex gr. nalivkini
W a s s., Drcisscnsia. Mou HOCTb HX He npenIimaeT 10 M. CTpaTHrpa(1ugecRoe
COOTHOmeHHe 3THX H3BeCTHBHOB H FOp143oHTa IIecHon c rJIHHBHoIi raJlbHOI3
Ha6JuopaTb He ygaJIocb. TOM He McHee nago npewIIOnaraTb, MTO nepBble ) o.nffHb1
6bITb MOJIo}Ke, Tau Kau rOpH30HT necRa C rJIHHBHOk raJIbi0I3 6oiiee TeCHO CBB-
3aH C HHHfHexa3apcHnMH aJIJIIOBBaJIbHo-AOJIbTOBNIMH ocag-KaMH.
I4HTOpOCHO TO 06CTOHTeJIbCTBO, TO H3BeCTHBKH IO?KHee HpacnonogenoI3
KOCLI OTCyTCTByIOT. 3TO MO1KeT 6MTb CBB3aHo C HX uorpynfeHHeM B CBB3H C
nporl6aHHeM npl6aJ1xaHCKOLI AenpecdlI. HHKailx npimnaHOB nepeoTJlo-
HfeHHOH BepxHexa3apCKo i ()ayiim epegn CoBpeMennblx pauymegimIX HaKonJIe-
H14J3 nJI i icc II-OBOB JJapA?KH, LIeJ1eien H 60JIee IO1KHOii gaCTH no6epemmi o6-
HapyHfeHO no 6b1JIOI. MomHo AyMaTm, 'ITO H3BeCTHBKH-paKyJBegnlnH OTCyTCT-
ByIOT H B npI6peHdHOii gaCTH MOpCKOrO Ana ioHfnee OHOHgaHHB Kpacnono)CKOI3
Kochi. 14 3BeCTHBKOnan (1aIuui Bepx1iexa3apcmTX OTJIOHfeHHi He H3necTHa TarHfe
H iia 3anajHOM 6epery IO}HHOro HacnHB, K IOry OT AnmeponcK0ro IIOJry-
OCTpOBa (CM. IiH}Ke). H03TOMy CCTb HeHOTOpBIe OCHOBaHHB npeglionaraTb, 'TO
B 10} KHOxacnniicHoii BnaAHHe BO BTOpOI3 DOJIOBHHe xaaapcKoro BeHa Boo6u e
He OTJIaraJIHCI H3BeCTHBKH-palynie'HHKH, CTOJIb xapaiTepnble AJIH 060HX
6eperon Cpe)liero Hacnmm. B o6J1aCTH HapaxyMoB HaHOnJIemHIO Bepxnexa3ap-
CHHX H3BeCTnfIcoB-panymegHHKOB no6epeHfbn RpacHOBogcuoro noJlyoCTpona:
H MaHI'MimIalfa oTBegayio,nO-BHAHMOMy, BpeMHycHJIeHHOro IlepeBeBauHB HHHf-
Hexa3apCKOi3 aJIJIIOBHaJlbHO3 TOJIII;H. Boriee MOJIOAMIMH OTJIOHfeHHBMH B 3a-
najHo13 TypTMeHHH BBJIHIOTCB MOIL IILIe upOJIIOBHaJIbHbie raIlegHHKOBMIe Ha-
KOnJIeHHB, OKa13MJIBIO11xxe IIOAHOHfbg ropnMx BO3BLIIIJeHHOCTeI3. BeperoBbie
Ba ThI H Teppacbl paHHexnaJIMHCKOro BpeMeHH Bblpa6oTanM B mjiei(e 3THX
ranegHHKOBBIX KOHyCOB BBIHOCa H OIIOJI3HBX. 3TO IIo3BOJIBeT OTHOCHTb (J)OpMH-
poBaIme ru ieu4a uenocpegMTBemio it npegxBaJIbIHCKOMy BpeMeHH. MaJIOe
COAepHfaHHe MOCTHOFO npOJIlOBHaJIblOro raJle'iHHKOBoro MaTepHaJla H BepXHe
xa3apCHHX H3BeCTIIBKaX C Dldacna surachanica AaeT ocHOBaHHe IIpegno IaraTb,.
'TO yCHJIeHHe npOJIIOBHaJIbHOro CHOca, BM3Banmee naxon IeHHe ra.IexlHHKOB,
IIpOH301UJIO nOCJIe OTJIOnfeHHB H3BeCTHBKOB. TaIHM o6pa30M, IIpOJIIOBHaJILuble
rallegHuHoBbie msIe4(hl CTpaTHrpa(IHgecrH gOJI?KHM 6MITb IIOMenjeHbl BLIme
IIpII6peHfnBIx H3BCCTHBKOB c D. surachanica.
Tahoe penieHHe Bonpoca 6OJiee npaBHJlbno, Tai Kau OCHOBaHO He TOJILKO
Ha perHOnallbiblx Aannbix, 110 noATBepncyaeTCH (CM. HH?Ke) H ConoCTaBJIemHeM
C ApyrHMH 6eperaMH HacnHB. Tan, Ha AareCTancKoM no6epenfbe Bepxnexa-
3apcKHe H3BeCTHBKH Tainfe nepeipblTbi MoIJ;HMMH upoJIIOBHanlbno-aJIJriOBHaJIb-
HBIMH ranegnnuaMH, B HOTOpMX Bblpa6oTanm XBaIIMHCHHe Teppacbl. B HHnf
HeM HoBOJimbe Bepxnexa3apcile MopcHHe ocagHK nepenpblTbl pe'HLIMH (lrep-
HoBpcKHMH) H Ha3eMHNIMH (aTeJlbciHMH) nanolIJIeHHBMH. 3TO yia3LIBa0T Ha
Kpynnbie KJIHMaTHMeCKHe H3Menenni, BLIpa3HBIIIHeccI B npegeJIax HacnHiicnoii
BnagLllbl B 3Ha'HTeJIbHOM yBJIancaeHHH, CTHMyJIHpOBaBmeM pe3Koe ycHJIeHHe
npOJIIOBHaJIbl]MX npoi(eccoa. BepOBTHO, C 3THM yBJlancHenueM CBB3aHO- TaMe
IIIHpOKOe pa3BHTHe onoJIaneaMx HBJIeHRii Ha 6eperax Napa-Bora3-I'bjia H ce
Bepo-3anagxoro ManrMmnara, npOHCXO)HBmee HenocpeACTnenno nepeA paH-
HeXBanbIHCKOI3 TpancrpeccHeii H B ee HagaJie. B pe3yJlbzaTe ycri ieHHB npo-
JIIOBHaJIbHOro cnoca y 3anagnMx npegropiii HOneT-gara OTJIOHcHJIHCb aJrJIIo-
BHaJIblO-npoJIIOBHaIlbHMe rJIHHHCTble ocaAKH, o6pa3yloigHe HH3M OTJionfeHHN
3anagimii rHpHKOneTAarcxoI3 H MeccepnanciOI3 paBHHII. HpoJIIOBHanbHLIII
CHOC H HaROrJIeHHe ra7le'HHKOB npoHCxOAHJIH Tannfe H B HagaJJe paHnexaa-
.imuicxOII TpaHerpeccHH.
1 JIeroM 1956 r. B CnoBx c Corbicula fluminalis M u 11. HaMH 61anH BCTpe'IeHn
BepxnexaaapcHHe Didacna surachanica A n d r u s.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
OTJIomenHn xBaJIb1HClforo Hpyca 11OJIb3yIOTCn BecbMa IHHpoHHM pacripo-
cTpaiellHeM B npeJ.(eJIax BOCTO9HOrO HpHHacmin. OHH noJ[pa3JjeJISIIOTCH Ha
ABa HoMnJIexca ocaJ{HOB: HHrHexBajlblHCHHe H BepxHeXBa1IbIHCI{He.
HumiiexBanbIHCHHe OTJlo2i enI3fi 06pa3ylOT TeppaCbl Ha 6OJiee BbICOHHx
ypOBHHX, LIeM BepxxexBaJImIHCHHe, H 3aHHMaIOT no CpasneiiHlo c HIMH 3Ha-
gHTeJIbHO 66JIbmiie HJIOH;aJ[H, OcO6eHHO B 3anagHon TypHMeHHH.
H HHfH 0 X B a JI bI H 0 H 11 e 0TJI0 ,Hf eHHH 3anagHoI3 TypHMeHHH,
npeACTaBaeIlnble HeC1caMH, nOHpLIBaIOT BCIO IIpIHacllIicHyIO HH3Me1IHOCTb 13 3a-
naJ(HyI0 oipaHIly HH3MeHHLIx Kapal{yMOB (H pH6JIn3HTeJIbHo go MepHAHaHa
HH3BIJi-ApBara). B HapaHyMax OHH JloncaTCH HeIloCpeJ;CTBBHHO Ha pa3MbITyIO
HoBepxHOCTb rOpH30lITa neCHOB C rallHHHOH ramlbHOI3. HI!I?HHexBarlblHCHne
nectlaHble ocawICH B TypHMeHHH B 3Ha'IHTeJIbnoli CTeHeHH nepepa6OTanb1 BeTpOM
H TOJIbHO caMble Hx I1H3LI HaXOJTf1TCF1 B HOpeIIHOM 3aJIeralHl3.
Y HOAHO?HHH CHJIOII0B BoJFbmoro H MaJiol'o F7ajixaHOB, o6pblsa RIOpfIHbIH-
Hiope H Icy6a-,,ara HH HHeXBaJIbIHCHHO OTJIomeHHfi o6pa3yiOT raJlegHHHOBb1e
6eperoBble BaJibl H Teppacbl, C4 opMHpOBaHHble H3 nepepa6oTaIIHOro MopeM Hpo-
JI10BHaJIbHOFO MaTepua1a. 3gecb HMeeTCF1 HecHOJIbRO 6eperOBblx BaJIOB H Tep-
pac. Ha16ojiee THIIWlHble H3 mix pacnoaomeimi Ha BbICOTax 9 (37) M, 14 (42) M,
21 (49)M, 34 (62) M H 46 (74) M. BecbMa xapaRTepHbll3 gpennHli 6eperonoii Ball
(np1gJleHeIIHbIi H ApeBHeMy 6epery 6ap) npOCJIe?H1BaeTC1 y nO];HO?Hb$ 3anaA-
Horo mmHHa HpacnOBOACHOrO miaTO, pacnoJiaraFicb HeCHOJIbRO HH?He H3ornncbl
50 M.
Ha 6eperax Napa-Bora3-1'OJia H MaHrblmJiaHa pa HHOXBaJIbIHCHHe Teppacbl
LIau(e Bcero npeACTaBJIHIOT a6pa3HOHHlae nnomaAif c Mal OMOuuHbiM 1OHpOBOM
p1IXJ1b1X ocagHOB, HPOTHFHBa1O11U1ecfl y3H01i n0JI000I3 BJ[OJ[b 6eperOBOro o6pbi-
Ba njlaTO. JInmb 13 cpeJ;liell gaCTH ManrbimJiaiccioro 1JIaTO HHaHHexBaJlbiH-
CHHe OTJIo}HennH ga11exo BTOpra1OTCFI B cymy H 3an1MaJOT p}IJ; 06iuHpHblx 6e3-
OTTO'IHbIX BnagHH (HaparRe, Hamicap-ATa H np.). BecbMa CyIU OCTBOHHO TO,
'ITO J[peBHHe 6eperoBble JIHHHH 3THX Teppac Ha MaHrLImiiaHe H 6eperax Hapa-
Bora3-Fora pacnoJ1O?I{elIbI Ha Tex ace ypOBHHX, no H B 3anagHoI3 TypHMeHHH.
3gecb 01111 HMeIOT BbICOTbI 15 (43) M, 22 (50) M, 37 (65) M H 46 (74) M. TaHIIM o6-
pa3oM, rJIaBHeiimle 6eperoBbie J1nHHH HoMIIJlexca HH?HHexBaJILIHCHHX Tep-
pac (H B TOM LIHCJIe caMan J(peBHHn) B npe)LeJ1aX Bcero BOCTO'IHOTO no6epemba
RacnHH pacnoJIO?HOIIbI Ha OgHHaHOBbIX BbICOTax ((DeJjopoB, 19481). CJIeJ[o-
BaTeJibHO, HOCJIe (lopMHpoBaHHFI CaMOIi Bb1COHOII (J;peBHeII) Teppacbi TeRTOHH
'lecile J;BH?HelH}I 3J(eCb npaHTHLIOCHH He OH;ynqaJ1HCb (3TO He OTHOCHTCH H y3-.
HOJIOHaJIbHbIM J;BHmelIHf1M CHJiaggaTOTO xapaHTepa,HOTOpLIe,BIOJIHe BepOSITHO)
npoflBJI$lJIHCb H n0311ce B IOro-3anagHoI3 TypHMeHHH).
Be BCex uepeLIHCJIeHIIMMX palioHax BoCTOLIHOro FIpHHaCHHfi HH?i{HeXBaJibIH-
cHHe OTJIOHfeHH1 BblpamOHbI B MOpCHOH c 3aulH. cDayna MOJIJIIOCHOB, 3aHJIIO-
geHHafl B HHX, He OJjiIIaHOBan Ha BCeM 06mHpHOM npOCTpaHCTBe OT MaHrbIm-
Jlaica go p. ATpeH.
B 3auagHOH gaCTH H143MOH11LIX HapaiyMOB BCTpetIaIOTCli OLIeHb Me3IHHe
xpynHH0 HHJIeBaTble Didacna ebersini F e d., a TaHme D. cristata B o g.
(=D. praetrigonoides var. cristata B o g.), Monodacna caspia E i c h w.,
Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h.
B HHHIHeXBaJImIHCHHX 6eperOBbix BaJIax y BOJibmoro Ba1IXaHa, HpoMe
MOHIHHx D. cristata B o g., HMeIOTCf1 McJIHHe D. zhulcovi F e d., HoTOpble Ce-
Bepo-3anaAHee IOCTOHeHHO HagIHHaIOT HrpaTb BCe 66Jlbmylo pOJIb. Ha HpacHO-
BOJ{CHOM IIOJIYOCTPOBe H MaHrblmHlaHe rpynna D. zhukovi F e d. J;OMHHnpyeT
Ha); D. cristata B 0 g. HopeHHOe 3aJleraHiie o6eFix IJopM He nogJle?HHT CoMHe-
HHIO (napnble CTBOpRH B COBMeCTHOM 3a3IeraHHH). Taicoe pa3JIHLIHe 1JlayHHCTH-
*IeCHHx HoM1JIeHCOB Ha o) HOB03paCTHbIX Teppacax MO?HHO 06b$ICIIHTb JIHfI}
pa3JIHgHbIMH yCJIOB14$IMH 06HTaHFIf1 MOJIJIIOCI{OB B OTAeJIbHbIX pal4onax.
6* 83
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
M01 HOCTL HH?KHOXBalIbIHCKHX OTJ-fomeHHA Ha MaHrbimIJIaHe BecbMa Mafia
H peAKO AOCTHraeT 1-2 M; B IOro-3anajHo I TypHMeHlrn oHa npeBblHlaeT
10-15 M.
AJIJIIOBHaJIbHMe H npOJIIOBHaJIbHble alajiorH BTOpol3 IIOJIOBHHMI paHHe-
xBaJlbIHClc0r0 BpeMeHH H MOMeHTa nepepbina Memgy panne- H no3AHexBaJIbIH-
CHHMFI TpauICrpeccHHMH pa3BHTbl B IOro-3auaAHoi3 TypKMeHHH (ApeBHHe
AenbTbl ATpexa), y IIOAHOMHH rOpHLIX CHJIOHOB (IIpOJIIOBHaJIbHble BbIHOCbI 3a-
IIaj(IIOrO HoneT-,tiara, Bo iuuoro H Mauoro BaJixaHOB H Ap.) H Ha MaHrbIHI-
JlaHe(upOJI[OBIIaubHble HaHOIIJIOHIIH B AOJIHHaxTIOJIbuyJIH,CaHa-HygyH H T.p.).
IIOBeeMeCTHO OHH OTMe'IaIOT BTOpOI3 3Tal yBJIa}KHeHHH B XBaJIbIHCuOM Beue,
upegui0CTBOBaBIII13H n03AHeXBaJIMHCKOA TpauerpeecHH.
B e p X H e x B a JI Li H c H H e 0 T JI o ?K e H H H Menee miapoxo pacnpo-
cTpaxeHbI. B 3ana)Hoii TypuMeHHH OHH lloxpblBalor 3anaAHyio gacTm UpgHac-
IIHIICROH Hl33MOHHOCTH (3aHaUHee HylIeBOl ropH3ouTaJIH) H npeJSCTaBJlexbl rJIaB-
HMM o6pa3oM HeclcaMH, BnocJleACTBIIH nepeB0$IHHLIMH B rp$Abl H 6apxanbl.
CparHliTeJlbuo Hemiip0HOf IIOJIOCOI3 BepXHeXBaJIMHCKHe IIeclu4 oHaI3MJIHIOT
6epera Hpacnono)cxoro nOJlyocTpoBa. Ha 6eperax Hapa-Bora3-PoJia H Maii-
rbIniJiaKa pa3BHTbI npeHMylueCTBeHHo a6pa3H0HHble TeppaCbl H JIHIIIb Ha OT-
JIOrHX ygacTuax no6epembfi 3TH OTJIOIKOHH1 [ OPMHpyIOT alRHyMyJIHTH]3Hble
Teppacbl, uepecuriu H lcoem. B cenepo-3aua)HoiI gaCTH MaHrMIIHJIaHa ocaARH
3Tor0 BpeMeHH HHrpecCHBHO 3aXOAHT B ApeBxne AOJIHHbl, IIOACTHJlaHCL IIpO-
JIIOBI3aJIbHMMff o6pa30BaHHFIMH.
MaucHMaJIbHau HO BbICOTe 6eperoBafi JIIIHIIfI KOMIIJIeRea BepxirexBaamHCKHX
Teppac pacnoJIomexa HIIMO HyJIeBOH ropII30HTa3IH Ha 2 M (HJIH 26 M Hag ypoB-
HeM HacnHa). Ha 3TOg BbICOTe oHa necbMa peJibe(HO npocuIewHBaeTCH y n0A-
HO?Kbfi BOJlbmoro BaJixana, HIOpHHMH-Hlope, Hy6a-gara, Ha 6eperax Ha-
pa-Bora3-POJia H MaHrMIIIJiaKa. B prAe yLIaCTHOB BOCTOTIHOro no6epe?Hbr Ha-
6JIlo3aloTCH TpH BepXHOXBaJIbIHCHHO Teppacbl, 6eperoBble JIIIHHH HOTOpbix pac-
IIoaoxceHLI Ha BLICOTax: -2(26) M, -10(18) M H -16(12) M.
,JIFI BCeX BOPXHexBaJibIHCHHX Teppac xaparTepeH CpaBHHTOJILHO OAHOpoA-
fIbIII IZOMIIJIeIC MOJIJIIOCHOB IIO BCeMy BOCTOgHOMy no6epeaxblo, r)e rJlaBHa} porn
HPHHaAJIO RHT rpynne Didacna praetrigonoides. B HpHaTpexcroM pai one H
B npejeulax FopraHCKOl HpOBHHAHH 14paHa (ayHa MOJiJIIOCROB yrHeTeHa (oupe-
cHeHHe) H npeACTaBJiena McJIKHMH Didacna ex gr. praetrigonoides N a I., Mono-
dacna caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 11. B ceBepaoil naCTH
HpHKacrii ucuoii HH3MeHHOCTH 3aua)Hol3 TypuMeHEiH, Ha 6eperax Hpacxo-
BOACKOrO n-ona H IOrO-3anagHOM no6epembe MaHrbMIIIJIaRa npeo6JlagaioT Kpyn-
Hble, MaCCHBHLIe D. praetrigonoides N a 1., peace D. parallella B o g. Ha
MaHrMMIHJiare BCTpeiIalOTCJi rJIaBHMM o6pa3oM D. praetrigonoides, peme
D. subcatillus A n d r a s.
B npeAeuax HIIMHexnaJIbIHCuoro H BepXH0XBaJibIHCKOro HOMIIJIOxcOB Tep-
pac (B oTAeulbHOCTII) Ha6JIIOAaeTCH yBeJIHgeHHe pa3MepoB H TOJIIAHHbl CTBOpoR
paKOBHH B HanpaBJleHHII OT BepXHHX Teppac K HHHfHHM. McJirHe xpynni e
CTBOpHH D. cristata H D. zhukovi, BCTpeLIaioijAHecfi Ha caMbIX BLICOKHX HH1KHe-
XBaJIblHCKHx Teppacax, Ha 6OJiee HH3KHx Teppacax Toro ace KoMlJIeHCa eTa-
HOBHTCH Kpynnee. Taroe 1Ke HBJIeHIIe Ha6JIIOAaeTCH H Ha BepXHeXBaJIbIHCKHX
Teppacax, rge Boo6ige I ayHa Kpynnee, ileM Ha IIepBEIX. YKa3aHHOe H3MeneHHe
CTBOpoH Didacna MMT yarn oTMegaJiH paHee ((DOAOpOB, 1943, 1949) H CBII3bI-
BaJIH C 1OCTeneHHMIM OcOJIOneHHeM XBaJIbIHcxoro Mopfl, IIOCJie ero o6inero
onpeCHeHHH B nepno) MaHCHMyMa XBaJIb1HcHOl3 TpancrpeccHH.
AuJHOBHauIbHbie H IIp0JIIOBHaJIbHble OTJIOllOHHfI, OTHOCIIII1HOCfi K II03AHe-
XBaJILIHCKOMy BpeMeHH, pa3BHTbI B HpHaTperCKOM paI3oue, y nOAHOH{HI3 BO3-
BbimeHHOCTel3 H 110 pyCJly Y360fI.
MOniHOCTL BepXHexBaJIhIHCH14X OTJIO]KeHHH peAKO npeBOCXOAHT 10 M H
cl3Mep$OTCfi o6LITIHO HeCKOJIbrHMH MeTpaMH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HaHOHJleHHlo HoBOHacnmzICHHX ocaJ(KOB (c Cardium edule L.) npeAme-
eTBosaJIa perpecciul Mopes, CROAM HOTOpOH B 3anaRHoii TypHMeHHn Bbipa3HJIHCb
B i OpMHpOBaHHH 3OJIOBOro rpngoBoro H 6apxalll3oro pejm a 3a CMeT nepeBe-
BaHHH MopCHHX BepXlieXBaJIbIHCHHX neCKOB. Ha ManrbimJlaHe Ha6moAaJICa
ray6o1HI3 Bpe3 pslua 6aJIoR H OBparOB B BepxnexBadibincHPle oTJIOH elHFI.
HoBoHacimiicHHe OTJIOMeIIHA HHrpeccHBHO 3aXOAHT B AecJJIHAHOHHble
Bo}Irn eHHH, 3aHHMan cpanHHTeJIbno iieiuHpoHylo npn6peaHHyio IIOJIOCy B IOrO-
3anaAHoii TypHMeHHn. HMH 3ai.HTmI IHOpbI ReJIbI{op H Eaiixallcimii. Ha Hpac-
HOBOj(CHOM JOJIyOCTpOBe HOBOKaenulCHHe oTJIOHfeHHFI enaraioT 3anaZ[Hyio
LlacTb np146peRllo14 Hn3MeHHOCTH. Ha 6eperax Hapa-Bora3-PoJIa H Manrbim-
JiaHa oHH o6pa3yloT y3HyIO noJIOCy BAOJlb 6epera MopFI. HoBoHaclHI4ciHMH
necHaMH c paHymeI3 cJIO}Henbl Bee Hocbi, nepecb1HH, 6apM BOCTOLIHOrO no6e-
pembFi HacuHH, HOTOpble McCTaMH o6JIeKaIOT 6o iee ApeBHHH cJJyHJ(aMeHT Ha
XBaJibIHCKHX H xa3apcFHx npH6pe?HHbix ocagHOB. OTJIO?KeHHA HoBoHacnHI3-
cHOro BpeMeHH o6pa3yIOT oAHy XOpomo Bbipa?KeHHyio Teppacy Ha OTMeTHe
-22 (6) M H HeCKOJIbIO 6oJiee IIH3KHX 6eperoBblX BaJIOB.
XapaFTepnoYi I aynoII IIBJIFeTCH Cardium edule L., a Taualce Didacna tri-
gonoides P a 1 1., D. baeri G r i m m, D. crassa E i c h w., Monodacna ca-
spia E i c h w., Adacna, Dreissensia, Theodoxus. JIIo6OlmITHO, IqTO D. baeri
u D. crassa, IWITH OTCyTCTByIOII.[HO B XBaJIbIHCHOM HpyCe, no$IBJ $IIOTCFI B HOBO-
HacnHI4cxoe IipeMH BMeCTe C C. edule. Fpynna D. trigonoides uaHAe Bcero BcTpe-
LiaeTCJI Ha no6epembe ceBepHoro H ceBepo-3anaAHOrO ManrblmJlaua. Ha 6epe-
rax iolKHOro MaHriimnnaua H EpaCHOBOZ(CHOrO UOJIyOCTpOBa ee noLITH HeT.
HanpoTHB, Ha lore - B HpHaTpeicnoM pai3one H B PoprancHol3 npOBHHI[HH -
D. trigonoides FIBJlaeTCq O6bILIHNM CnyTHHKOM C. edule.
MOIUHOCTL HOBOHaCnlucnHX OTJIoH email H3MepfieTCH HeCKOJIbHHMH MeT-
paMH H JIHHIb H3pej(Ka ) OCTHraeT 7-10 M.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
LIETBEPTHLIHbIE OTJIOTEHHfi CEBEPHOFO
HPHKACHHH
B CeBepm,Ii3 IIpfxaCIIAI M1I BRJIIO'IaeM He TOJIbKO C06CTBeHHo ceBepHYIO
[IpixacnnuicRyIo HH3MeHuocTb H 3anagHyio ee 'IacTb, paCHOJIOHfeHxyIO Mea y
HHmHeil BOJIroii H EprexfiM1, HO H HOJ1 OCTpoB By3ailH, TeppHTOpHaJIbHO 6JiII-
xfe CBH3aHHbIIl c MaHrIJUUIaxoM. c3TO onpaBJ;axo Haii reorpa(H'IecHHM IIOJIOHfe-
BHeM By3aLIH B npejjeiiax CesepHoro Hamm (ceBepHee JII4HHH MaHrMmJlaK-
cRKx rop), Tax H xapaxTepoM (ayxbI MOJIJIIOCxOB xacimficuHx LieTBepTHgHLIX
OTJIOHf eHIII3.
B Hpej;eJIax CeBepHoro IIpHxacuHH BbIgeu1IIOTCH: IIOJIYOCTpOB By3atr,
3M6eHCKHH paHOH, HpHKacnHi3CKa1i HII3MOHHOCTb H BO3BbImeIIHOCTb EpreHH,
AJIB KoTOpblx xapaKTepxbl oupej;euueHHbie yCJIOBHH (opMHpoBaHA'1I KacHgl-
Cx1X OTJIOMeHHII B TOIeHHe qeTBePTHgHoro IIepaOJ;a.
Ha6JIIoAeHIIB, IIpOBeAeHHNe HaMH B BOCTOLIHOg LIaCTH CesepHoro HpHxacnI4a
B 1949 r., He MOI'YT IIpeTeHJ(OBaTI, Ha 60JIbmyIO IIOJIHOTy. BOJIee no) po6HO
6bIJIII H3y'IeHII JIHmb II-OD By3ag1 (1947 r.) H AOJIIIHa HH1KHeii BouurH (1949,
1951 II 1954 rr.). Ho3TOMy HpII paCCMOTpeHHH KacuHI3cRHx OTJIOHfeHIIi3 3TOI3
o6m14pHOii TeppltTOpgII MB! 6y) eM ccbmaTbC1I B pHJIeMeCT Ha J[aHHMe rl. A. rlpa-
BocJIaBJIesa (1908, 1913, 1929 H T. A.) H M. M. ?EyxoBa (1936, 1945), a
TaHme Ha Apyrie AaHHbie.
1. IIOJIYOCTPOB BY3A1H1
HoJIyOCTpOB By3agH C IIOBepXHOCTII CJIOIKOH IIOLITII CIIJIOmb LIeTBOpTHg-
HbIMII MOPCKHMH OTJIO}KeHHBMII. ToJIbKo B OTAeJIbHBIX, CpaBHHTeJIbHO HerJiy-
60KHx IIJIOCKOAOHHBIX BIIaAIIHaX o6Ha}KaIOTCB AogeTBepTII'Hbie (MenoBBIe II
HaJleorexoImIe) OTJIOIfeHIIB. r[ocJIeAHYIe o6pa3yIOT cesepHOe xpbiJio MaHrbim-
JIaHCKOro a HTHHJIHHaJiLHoro IIOAHBTIIB (ceBepuMi AKTay).
Ha16oJlee ApeBHHMII 9eTBepTH'IHbIMII OTJIO}KeHIIfiMII BBJIHIOTCJI 6aHHHCKHe
oca)KII. CHH IIPOTBPIIBaIOTCB IDHpOKOI3 IIOJIOCOfi OT 3aJIHBa No ,4m Ha ceBepo-
BOCTOK, K HOJIOAIjaM MBCTex H HII3aH. Ha BOCTOTIHOM 6epery 3aJiHBa HoqaR,
B paiioue MOrMJIbI IHfHHaJIbI, 6ainHcKHe OTJIOHfeHIIH 3aJieraIOT Ha a6paAIIpo-
BaHHOI3 IIOBOPXHOCTII McJIOBbIX OTJIOH eHHI3, pacnonaraacb Ha a6COJII0THrIX
OTMOTKaX Ao 10-15 M. B OCHOBaHIIII EX upOCJieHfTBaeTCB rpy6biii KOHrJIO-
MepaT H3 OKaTaHHBIX MOJIOBLIX rJIbi6 H raJibRH. BauHHcKHe oTJIo1KeHHH IIpeA-
CTaBJieHbl KOCOCJIOHCTBIMH AeTPHTyCOBbIMH }KeJITOBaTO-CepLIMH H3BeCTHBKaMH
C BKJIIO'TOHHOM raJIbHn, rpaBHH, xpOMHB H OTnegaTlfaMH Didacna sp., no-
xo}KHMH Ha D. bakuana E b e r s. (in litt.), Monodacna sp., Dreissensia po-
lymorpha P a 11. MOIgHOCTB gx Ao 3 M.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
B pai'Ioie HOJIOAI eB MscTeH U Hm3aH 6arHHCHHe OTJIO1HeIIIIR npeJ[CTaB-
JIeHbI Taxme AOTpH'ryCOBbIMH H3BeCTITRlfaMIT H H3BeCTHOBHCTbIMH nec'mHHHaMH
cepoBaTO-1HeJITOI'O x 6ypOBaTOI'O r e'ra. Ha 101'0-BOCTO'IIIOM e1JIOHe Bnamnnbl,
pacnoaome11Houi I{ CeBepO-BOCTOHY OT Honogita RbI3aII, B OCHOBaiHH o6pbIBa
Ha na;leoretiOBbIX rJIHHax 3aJleraiOT rJIHHIICThle HecHH c Didacna parvula N a 1.,
D. all. parvula N a 1., oTHOCRnAHeCR H HH3aM 6aHHncxoro Rpyca.
B pal3oHe HoJToAga HbI3aH B H3BeCTIIRHax BCTpeqenbl oTneiIaTHH H Rgpa:
Didacna all. catillus E i c h w., D. ex gr. parvula N a I., D. all. bakuana
E b e r s. (in litt.), D. ex gr. carditoides A n d r us, D. ex gr. trigonoides
P a 11. (noaM01xHo, D. pravoslavlevi F e d.), Adacna all. plicata E i c h w.,
Dreissensia polymorha P a 1 1., Dr. rostriformis D e s h., Theodotus pallasi
L i n d h., Caspia caspia E i c h w., Caspia inflata D y b. et G r. MOUAHOCrb
H3BeCTHR140B go 3 M, HpOBJnR nix paCnoJI05IfeHa Ha a6COJI1oTHbIX OTMeTHax OHOJIO
5-15 M, 17JIH 6owiee 40 M BbIIHe ypOBIIH I{acnnr.
10MR00I o.1IOAUeB Ax-IIIHMpay, y MOI'HJIbI BeHHM6aii, B OCHOBaHHU CHJIOHa
He6OJIbfOk1 6e3OTTO'IHOH BnagnHbl Ha6JuoAaeTCH CnegyI01I;HII pa3pe3 (cBepxy
BHH3):
Qh' 1. HecHH H r3 HHCTble HeCRH C XBarInIHcHoII IpayHoI3. MOIIIHOCTh oRowIo 4-5 M.
Qhz, 2. PbrxJlbrii paHYI1IO IHHH,' cocTOaHjHH 13 MHOMe' GTBa xapgFirfA H RpencCeHC111) : Didacna
subrudis P r a v., D. bakuana E b e r z. (in lift.), D. subpyramidata P r a v., D.
pallasi var. angulata P r a v., D. ex gr. eulachia B o g., Dreissensia polymorpha
P a I I., Dr. rostriformis D e s h., Theodoxus pallasi L. i ii d h. MOIUHOCTL 3 M.
B WHOM= paxynregHHxa 3aiieraeT HxaCT xopon1O oHaTaHHoI3 g3BeCTHFIHOBOl
rarrbHH MOMHOCTbIO 0,2 M, HOTOpbII3 HecorJiacHO 3aJleraeT Ha IIH1xeJIemaIL[HX OTJIO-
xceHHax.
Q2 3. KoMHoBaTble rJIHHb& g rJIHHHCTbre HecHH, TeMHOxopHirHeBoro uBeTa, C HpHCTaJIJIaMH
rHnca, Hepexo UIn[HO BIIH3y B CJIOHCTbre ceponaTO-3eJIerIOBaTO-H{eJITOBaTble rJIHHbI
H I'JIHHHCTLIe neciH. BHAHMan MownoeTb rJIHH onoJIO 4-5 M.
MonJIIOCHH H3 paHyIIIeLIHYIHa OTJIHLIaIOTCFI OT xapanTepublx 6aHIIHCHHx BH-
AOB H3 paiiona 3ana uioii TypHMeHHH H AnnlepoHCHoro nOJlyoCTpoBa; o6JIHH
6oJlbluIIIICTBa HapA11I3g HecOMHeHHO nin nexa3apcHHII.
BoJtee. Monlogoro o6JiHxa 4ayna BcTpeTexa Ha CHJIOHax Heray6oHoII, HO
o6mHpHOl3 BnaAHHbI HbI3aH-Cop. 3AeCb B OCHOBaHIIH ycTyna, BbICOTOII B He-
CHOJIbHO McTpOB, CJIOMeHHoro XBaJIbIHCKIIMH necgaHblMH OTJIoni eHHRMH, 3a-
aeI'aeT inaCT phixnoro paiCyluexiHHlna MOITUHOCTbIO 0,5-0,7 M, HOACTHJIaeMbIH
raJlegHHHOM H3 xopomo OHaTaHHoii raJIbnnI, HOTOpLIR HecornaCHO Hanleraer
Ha TeMHOKOpHgHeBble BR3KHe 3arKiiCOBanHble rJIHHbI. BHAnMan M0U HOCTb FJIHH
g0 0,5 M. POp1130HT paKymeminmKa COAep?HHT 06HJIbHyIO, HO 6eAHyIO B BHAOBOM
o THOIUeHHH iayny: Didacna ex gr. surachanica A n d r u s., D. all. celeke-
nica F e d., D. ex gr. trigonoides P a 1 1., D. ex gr. crassa E i c h w. (npeo6-
4agaeT), Dreissensia polymorpha P a 11. KpoBJIR paxyiuegnHKa npocaexcn-
BaeTCR Ha a6coJn1oTHIilx OTMeTHax OT -20 go -21 M. HecMOTpn Fla npnCyTCTBHe
D. ex gr. surachanica, KOMineRe (aynbl CHOpee TRrOTeeT H HH3aM xa3apexoro
npyca.
EHie Menee onpeAeJleliHOro o6JfHHa C ayna BCTpegeIia B H3BOCTHRKax y 6yrpa
OBa, rge HMeeM cJleAylouT4i3 pa3pe3 (csepxy):
,Qhv2 1. IIecgaHbre oTJIomenHa He3HaxiHTeJInH0I3 MOMHOCTH C BepXHeXBaJILIHCHOH (JayHOH.
3
QbZQ2Z, 2. CaeTJIocepMii AeTpHTyCOBMM n3BeCTHOBaII3 HeCYaHHH, HepeHOJIHeHHbII3 paIOBHIIaMH
Didacna H Dreissensia; HHHSe OH HePOXOAHT B HOHCJIOMepaT H3 u3BeCTIIFIHOBOH H neC-
eauiiHosoa raJrbnH, IcoTopblii 3a.TleraeT na pa3MbIT0i{ HOBepXHOCTH HHme.ne I aIuHx
oTJloixeHHi3. Mou1HOCTr nec=Ialuna H xoirrooMepaTa 4 M.
3. BeJIbie rJIOTHbre Tpen[mioBaTble MepreJr, BHAHMOI3 MOIIIHOCTbIO 6oJTee 8 M, OTHOCH-
nIHecn, BepOFITHO, H MOJIy.
143 panymegHHHa orlpegenellbi: Didacna ex gr. nalivkini W a s s., D. ex gr.
catillus E i c h w., D. ex gr. parvula N a 1., D. all. vulgaris A n d r u s.,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Monodacna sp., Dreissensia rostri formis D e s h., Dr. polymorpha P a 1 1.,
Clessiniola sp.
TaRoro me xapawTepa oTJlo}xeHHH, c aHaJIorH4n0I3' ciayno , BcTpeilenbi
3anaJHee 6yrpa OBa, y xoJlogAa Tac-Bac.
C OJUHOI3 CTOpOHBI, MHOrJ3e H3 BCTpetleHHIIx 3gecb (IOpM, Eau Didacna ex gr.
nalivkini, D. aff. vulgaris H np., HMeIOT xa3apcxHli o6Jinx, c gpyrol3 - Ha-
JIHtIHe TaICHx BHJ OB, Eau D. ex gr. parvula H D. ex gr. catillus, yHa3bIBaeT
Ha 6oslee gpeBI FIH Bo3paCT 3THX OTJlomeHI413 - 6aIfHHCI{HII. TaIHM o6pa30M,
oupeJ{e2IeHHo 6aRHHcuHe OTJIOMOIIHH, oxapaHTepH3oBaHimie pyxoBOJ;HIgHMH
6aRHBCHHMH BHgaMH, BcTpeLieiim B paiIoxe HOJIOJI9 0B M$ICTeu H 1-bI3aH; B
OCTaJIbHbIx McCTaX Mm, no-BHJ[HMOMy, HMeeM ge3io HHH c upyrHMH, eui a Mano
H31BeCTHbIMH H0MIIJIeHCaMH 6auHncioI3 I ayHbi, HJIH, cxopee Bcero,- C HHHfHe-
Xa3apCICHMH OTJIoH eHHHMH.
11oBepxuOCTb IIOJIyocTpoBa By3aqH nOxpbwTa IIJIanioM XBanbIHclwx OT-
JTo HeHHI3, HOTopbie, Eau H B 3anaj ixo 3 TypKMeHHH, npeJ[CTaBJiseTCH BO3MOHf-
HbIM paCti3Ie1HTb Ha 6oiiee J;peBHHe-HHHCHexBaJImIHcuHe H 6oJlee MOJIOJjble-
BepxuexBanibIHcRHe ocaJ;RH.
B geHTpaH I.HOi3 H IO? HOl3 LIacTHx IIoJlyocTpoBa BMIIIIe HyJIeBOi3 H3orHHcbl
pa3BHTa uojxoro BCXOJIMJIeHHaii paBHHHa c a6COHIOTHbIMH OTMOTxaMH no-
BepXHOCTH 5-15 M. CJIo}xeHa ona IIecxaMH, rJIHHHCThIMH IIecxaMH c McJir on
raJlbnOi3, rpaBHeM H parymeil, cpej;H xoTOpOii BcTpeilaloTCH: Didacna ex gr.
parallella B o g., D. vulgaris And r u s., pe neD. praetrigonoides var. cristata
B o g., D. protracta E i c hw., a Taxxfe Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1.,
Dr. rostriformis D e s h.
Bonee BbicoHHe Teppacbl, Bo3MOHiHO, HenorJ;a HMeBHIHecii Ha CeBepHOM
ciCJlone ceBepnoro AnTay, He coxpaHHJIHCb, II03TOMy CYJ;HTb O MaHcHMaJIbHOI3
BIICOTepacnpocTpaneHHH p a H H exBaJIbIHcn oro 6 a c c ei3.Ha Ha
n-OBe By3aqH MOHfHO TOJIbxo xocaenno. Tax, Ha 3ana1 HOB oxpanHe
Bo3BMImennocTH Homax (BOCTo nrII3 6eper mopa KHM6eJIex-Cop) Ha OTMeTHax
onono 40-42 M .6BIJIH BCTpe'qeEM o6JIOMKH paxoBHH HHmHexBaJlbIHCxoro
o61IHHa. 110 BceH BepOHTHOCTH, MaECHMaJIbHag BLICOTa paCnpOCTpaHeHIIH HHXC-
BeXBanhlHCxHX OTJIO ECHHIi Ha ceBepHOM CnJIoHe cenepnoro AwTay 6JiH3xa it
x 45-McTpoBoii ropH3OHTaHHH, xax H Ha BceM BOCTOUIOM 6epery HacnHH. Mole
HOCTb 3THX oTJIOH{eHHn Ha n-OBe By3aqH He upeBbIIIIaeT HeCHOJIbRHX McTpOB.
B npegenax IIJiongaAH pacnpocTpanennH Hnn HexBaaibJHcEHx oTJIO?xeHHl3
pa3BHTNI nonnorHe XOJIMbi OTHOCHTeJIbHOI3 BbICOTOl3 3-5 M, HOTOpr.Ie cnno}xeHbl
necno H IIOxpMThi cBepxy IInau oM nbJJIeBaTmIX cyneceli. I10-BHJ[HMOMy, 3To
gpeBHni3 3OJIoBbIIi peJIbe(, 3aHOHcepBnpoBaHBMH3 uocHIeUyionIHMH IIpoixec-
caMH IIo'IBoo6pa30BaHHH. 3anoHOMepnocTeii B pacllozon erne 6yrpoB He
Ha6JIIogaeTCH. HaH6OJImIIIerO pa3BHTHH HH1nHexnaJibIHcnHe necliaHMe nanOII-
JIeHHn JIOCTHraIOT B ceBepo-BOCT0MM110I3 tlacTH By3atin (necKH }J nnnMmHx),
rJ;e IIPOHCXOgHT BTOpinJHoe pa3BeBaHHe IIeCROB H IIMeIOTCH 6apxaHHBIe (1OPMb
pewibe(a.
BoJibmai tiaCTb IIOBepxHOCTH n-OBa By3aqH IIOR MTa B e p x H e x B a-
JI M H C H H M H 0 T JI O H e H H H M H, HOTOpIIe nJiau[OM He3HatIHTeJibnoI
MOWHOCTH 3aneralOT Ha a6pa-J{HpOBairn x AoLIeTBepTi1 nmIX IIOpOJXaX. CeBepHee
a6pa3HOHHoro yCTyna, IIpOXOJtnu ero B JJJEpOTHOM nanpaBHeHHH H o6pa3yio-
iAero JommAb CHJIOHMI 6e3oTTO'IHmIX Bn8JxHH MHCTeH-Cop, HNI3aH-HyJib H AP.,
BepxnexaannbIHCxne OTnOHfeHnn npej{CTaBJIen IIecxaMH C McHIHOH raJlbnOI3 H
paxymei3.
11oBepXHOCZb BepxnexBaHHMIHcxol3 Teppacbl cJierna BOJIHHCTa - 3a exieT
noJIOrHx BBITBHyThIX necganhix xoJIMOB 30JIOBOTO npoHCxO?E eBHH. B ceBep.o-
BOCTOgHOI3 n B 3ana) HOI3 LIaCTHx n-oBa By3aiIH nectlanLie HaxouJleniH Han6oJiee
Ilixpoxo pa3B14TLI. 3anaj;Hee nonno1IIIea IIie6Hp H Tyme-Hy){yx pacnoaon exbl
nectiaHble MaCCHBbI HH3biJIxyM. 3Aecb pa3BHThI 6apxanM, B 3BagHTeJIbHOi3
CTeneHH He3axpenneHHLIe, no) nepriuHecn, HO-BHJ;HMOMy, BTOpHIIHOMy nepe-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
BeBaHglo. OTHOCJ1TeJibHHe BbICOTbI 6apxaHOB - AO 10-15 M. Paci-imo KeHbl
OHII B o6JIaCTH OTpauaTeJIbHbIX o'rMeTOH, HO OTAeJIbHble BepHIIIHbI H LIaCTH HOC-
gaubix MaCCHBOB B03BbIWaIOTCH Hag HyJIeBoH ropH3oHTaJibIO. HeciII COCTOFIT
H3 xopomo olaTaHHbIX H COpTHpOBaHHbIX 3epeH KBapga, OKaTaHHbIX o6JIOMKOB
paHymli II IABOTHbix MHHepaJiOB. MOWHOCTb nec iauOH TOJTu 11 B paRoxe HO-
jioAga Tyuce-HygyK He IlpeBblmaeT 10 M. B OCHOBaHIIH ncCKOB 3anleraeT cpaB
HHTeJIb}IO pbIXJIbIH H3BeCTKOBHCTbIH AeTpHTyCOBbIH uecgaHHK c paKyniefI,
BcTpeiIalomel1csT 6oJIbIIIeII tlacTblo B HapIIbIX CTBOp}ax. OTc1oga oupeAeJleHN
Didacna praetrigonoides N a 1., D. ex gr. praetrigonoides N a 1., D. paral-
lella B o g., Dreissensia polymorha P a 1 1. B1AHMaa MOlgxocTL necgaui i s
3-4 M.
Ha CeBepHOI3 H BOCTOUIIO14 oupaIIHax By3auH BepxuexBaHlbIHcHne OTJIO=
H1eHH1 npeACTaBHenbI rJTHHIICTO-IIec aHbiM1 ocaAICaMl. c3TH OTJlomeHHA Ha
ceBepe By3aun coAepHlaT Didacna vulgaris A n d r u s., D. parallella B o g.,
D. catillus var. elongata A n d r u s., D. ex gr. praetrigonoides N a 1., Drei-
ssensia polymorpha P a 11., Dr. rostri formis D e s h., Theodoxus pallasi
L i n d h. IO?KHee, B 06JIaCTH BiiaAHH MHCTeH-Cop, HbiaaH-HyJIb II Tac-Bac,
B KoMHJieHCe iayllbl npeo6JiagaIOT Kpyllnble Didacna praetrigonoides N a 1.
BocTomHee 3aJIHBa ICouaH noBepxHOCT'b BepxllexBaJlbiucHOiI Teppacbi cpe-
aaeT )HCJIOI[HpoBaHHble MOJIOI3Ne MepreJIH, Ha HOTOpbIX 3aiieraloT raJleLiHHKOBO-
necgaHble 0TJIOH1eHHFI MO WHOCThIO Mexee 0,5 M, coAep?KamHe D. praetri-
gonoides N a I., Dreissensia polymorpha P a l l., Dr. rostriformis D e sh.
BeperoBan 1114111114 BepXHexBariAIHCKOiI TeppaCbI 3Aecb IlpocJle?KIIBaeTefi HOLIT14
HO HyJIeBoI4 ropH30HTaJIH; lia 3TOM Me ypoBHe OHa paCHOJIO?KeHa BAOJIb IO?I1-
HbIX CKJIOHOB 6e3OTTOLIIIbIX BIIa)IIH MHCTeH-Cop, Kb13aH-KyJIb H AP.
B paROHe KoJioAga THreH, B CB$131l c 6JIII30CTbIO rOp H pact3JleHelHOCTbrO'
penbe4a, BepxHexBaJIbIHcHan Teppaca coxpaHHJlaeb B BI4Ae OCTaHJ OB, cnoH eH-
HMIX B oCHOBaIIHU AOMeTBepTIILIHBIMII OTJIO?Hex1nMH. CBepxy 3aJleraioT nbI-
JieBaTbie necxll c paiymeii-Didacna aff. delenda B o g., D. ex gr. praetri-
gonoides N a t ., Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha P a I I.,
Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h.
B BocTOLIHOII 'iacTH By3aLIH, np1MbiKaiou eH K mopy HaiigaR, BepxHeXBa-
JIbIHCIIHO OTJIO?KeHHH npeACTaBJIeIIbi HbinIeBaTbIMH rJIIIHIICTbIMH HecKaMII.
OHpanHbi n-oBa Byaa'III 3aHFITbI H 0 B 0it a cn1I CCit HMH 0TJI0-
?K eHH s9MII.
Ha 6eperax uiopa HaiiAai, eMe Mexee 10 JieT Ha3aA npeAcTaBJIfIBniero co
60ii McJIKOBOAHbIU, AaJieilo BgaIOIuHIICH B cymy 3aJIIIB, pa3BIITbI FJIHHIICTbie'
3aCOJTeHHbIIe HeCKH c AOBOJIbHO 6eAHOH I ayHOH Cardium edule L., Didacna
trigonoides P a 11. H Ap. B noJiorie 6ajnii, pac'IJIeHFIIOHiHe CKJIOH BepXHeXBa-
JIbIHCKOH TeppaCbI, HHI'peCCHBHO 3aXOAHT HOBOKaCIIIIHCKHe OTJIomeHIIH; OHH
o6pa3yIOT 3gecb CHCTOMy IIe6OJIbmHX nepecbineli, OTrOpa?KUBaioMHX MHHIIaTIOp-
nble JlaryHbi, npeBpaTIIBHIIIeCSI B Hlopbi. A6COJII0THuIe OTMOTKII CaMOiI BbICOKOH
nepeCbl1H B BepIIIIIHaX 6aSTOK AoCTIlraloT rOpH3OHTaJIH (-21) - (-22) M, Han
OKOno 6 M Hag ypoBueM RacnHH. HoBouacl1UCKne oTJIOweHHIT 6sill?Ke x cBoeH
6eperoBoii Ji1IHHH1 upegcTaBJleHbl neciaMH c parynieii C. edule L., Didacna
trigonoides; B cTOpoHy mopa Hailgall OHH CTaHOBFITCII 60JIee rJIIIHncTb1MH Il
3acoJIeHHbIMH; paHOBHHbI D. trigonoides HoCTeneIiHO HCLIe3aIOT, TCTynaH McCTO
C. edule L.
Ha cesepe n-oBa By3auH IIOBOKacim icime OTJIO?KeHHS1 o6pa3yioT nojiora
HalJloHHyio K MOpIO Teppacy, CJJolueHHylo necilaMll c paiymeH, a gaJIee OT
CBoeiI 6eperoHOii JIIIHIIH - 6o1Iee rJiHHHCTbIM MaTepltaJ oM. IIIHpHHa Teppacbl
gocT1raeT HecKOJiblHx KHJIOMeTpOB. floIH?KeHHH Meav y OCTaHU MH H BbITSI-
HyTLIMII 6yrpaMll nepeBe$lHHbIX BepXHeXBaJIMHCKIIX OTJIO?KeHHR 3a111Tb1 HOBO-
KaCnHHCKIIMH rJIHIIIECTbIMH necKaMH.
CpaBHHTeJIbHO HJIOXO BMpa?KeHHasl 6eperoBan JIHHHH HOBOKacnrnlcKOIA
TeppaCbI npOCJIe?KHBaeTCSI B pailone MOrHJIbI He?Ke, Ha BLICOTe 0110710 6 M
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Hag HacnreM. HOBORaenHI3cJHe oTJIo;ueHHH cojTep r aT 3Z{ec16 (ayHy: Didacna
trigonoides P a 1 1., Cardiunt edule L., Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Mono-
dacna edentula P a 1 I., Dreissensia pollmorpha P a 1 1.; MOIgIIOCTb 3THX ocag-
ROB He npeBMwaeT HecuonbRHX MCTpOB.
B cenepo-3anaj;HOI3 LIaCTH n-oBa Byaatr pacnOiIOTxeHa o61III3puan HH3MOH-
HOCTb, 3aIIFITafI IIiOpOM, xoTOpbIH IIpegCTaBJIneT co6oii ycoxiuyto JlaryHy, elide
cparHHTCJIbHO nei aBuo HoxpblBaBmylocn MOpCKHMM BogaMM. Ha BOCTOTIHOM
6epery aroro Hlopa, B paiione xomlojtga,L n eMax-Opna, pa3BMTMI 6eperoBble uanbz,
CJIO?xeHHb10 IICCKOM, rajlbxoii H palcyiuck. CaMblii BbicoR1 i 6eperoBoii nail
pacnolIaraeTCH Ha YPOBHO ropn3oHTaJrH OT -21 go -22 M. Cpegrz paxyina
BcTpe IaloTCn Kax HoBOxaCHOlicxne BHj;bI - Cardium edule, Didacna trigo-
noides H gp., Tax a nepeoTnoxcenHble 6axaHenae c opMM.
2# 3MBEHCRHR PA$OH
3gecL MM OCTaHOBHMCR Ha paccMOTpeHHH Be TOJImHO yIacTRa, xexocpog-
CTBCIIHO IIpuMwxaIoa oro K gOJIIIHe p. 3M6M, HO H 60JICe iOxcxoi Teppw opna,
npoCTHpalolljeuiCH go cenepHoro LIMHHa YcTlopTa.
L1eTBepTngxbie xacnHiiciie oTJIo}xeJaa 3axogHT gaJIexo Ha BOCTO}, BbI-
IIOJIHRn IIOHHHfeHHe, paCHOJIO eHHOe y cenepiioro IIOgHO?KMI YcTlopTa, H
o6paaylOT TeppacLI Ha Oro cinnoHe. Cenepnith 'I?HIiu nnIaTO YCTIOpT pacv.rie-
HeH OBparaMH a goannaMH H o6pa3yeT ga2Iexo Bjjaloaaaecfi B HH3MCHHOCTb
BMICTynbz - ((MIICb1>. Taxoibi, HanpaMep, Tioa-Myiou-Tlanxe, Mbin-Cy-
AJIMaC H gp. OTgeJIbnIIc, Haa60JIee BMCTynaBmHe LIaCTH COBepweHHO OTgOJIH-
JIIICb OT IIJIaTO H 06pa3yioT H3OJIHpOBaHHble CTOJIOO6pa3Hble BO3BbImeHHOCTH
(ropM L aarIb-Tay H Hlyim-Hpa). BocTOgHee O6pMB YcTlopTa Meuee paegiie-
HeH a npoTJIrauaeTCR B IHHpOTHOM HanpaBJIeHMH.
KpaTxoBpeMeHHble HccJIej)oBaHHfl,. nponegexxble HaMH B 1949 r., goIIoJi-
HeHHIile IIpOCMOT.pOM o6pa31IoB xaCHMiicaax MOJIJIIocuon 3M6eHCxoii aaporco-
JIOrMiieCHOH 3KCHOgHI;MH, IIO3BOJIBIOT allMb B. CaMhIX o6Hjax YCpTax ROCHYT16CR
cTpaTHrpacl1H aacnaiicaax LIeTBepTHLIH1;Ix OTJIO?xeHHii 3TOf3 o6JIaCTH, one-
gKaJihHO 0140 HO'iTM He H3y'IeHHmIX.
OTJI0M0HHa 6axHnexoro a p y c a IIpegCTaBJIeHMIriiaBHbIM
o6pa3oM rjIMuaCTO-HecgaHbIMH ocagxaMH c paxymeii, 6orIbmeiI LIaCTbIO nCpeOT-
J3oaeHxoil. 3gecb ncTpe*IaloTCn: Didacna ex gr. rudis N a 1., D. rudis var.
catillus-rudis N a 1., D. rudis var. vulgaris N a 1. H gp., peace - D. parvula
N a 1. B 6oJIbnIHHCTne cnlyiIaeB aTa 4ayua BcTpeiIaeTCH COBMCCTHO c 6oJlee
MOJIOgbIMH iopMaMH - Didacna ex gr. nalivkini W a s s., D. delenda B o g.,
nepexogHan x D. nalivkini, D. ex gr. eulachia B o g. (F e d.) H gp. Co6cTBexxo
6axHHCxHe paEOBHIIM oxaTaxhI H HaxogsJTCH B IlepeoTJIOHCeHI1oM 3aJleraHMH.
Taxoe cMemenie (f ayHM RBJIROTCH pe3yJIbTaTOM IIepexpLITHa OTJIomeHMi3 6a-
KHHCxoro apyca 6o]Iee MoJIOgMMH (Hinuuexa3apcxaMH) ocaguaMH. TOM He MO-
HOC COBepmeHIIO ogenHgHO Hanugne 6aaHxcaax OTJIO?HeHHiI Ha 3Ha'IHTeJIIHOi3
unlonjagii xax cenepHee goJIHHbI p. 3M6bI, Tax H iwaHee ee. TpygHeo rOBOpHTL
O TOM, BC3j{C nH 6aKHHCaao OTJIO KCHMH nepexpiJTbI HInnnexa3apcarMH, HJIM
6o2lee nOBhIIIICHHbie IIOBCpXHOCTII 3aIIRTb1 TOJIbKO 6aIMHCIHMH OCaj;xaMH.
a TOT BOnpOC pemaT JIHIIIb gaJIhile iniuc HCCJIegOBaHMR.
BOJIbIIIHHCTBO criopM 6arHHCKHx MOJIJIIOCHOB 3M6excxoro paizoxa 6JIH3Ko
x 6auaucaaM Didacna II-ona By3a'IM.
MoIIjHOCTb 6aaancaHX OTJIO?KOHHi3 He3HaWrTCJImHa H H3MepaeTCa, BOpOHTHO,
5-10 M. A. JI. HHMHH (1940) OripegeJiceT cyMMapHyIO MOa(HOCTb 6auuHCaax,
xa3apcxnx H xnaJibincaax oTJlomernI3 Bcoro B 50 M.
OTJIomenaf 6aaiHcxoro apyca 3aiieraioT as a6pagapoaaxxoI3 noaepxxocTH
Melia H naaeorena.
X a 3 a p c x a e o T JI o ?K e H H R gonoalbno mapoxo pacnpocTpaHeHbl.
HH?aHHe Hx ropH3oHTbi noxpbiI3aIOT ocagaa 6aaiHcxoro apyca, BTopraacb
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gaiieRO ila DOCTOR go a6COJIIOTHbIX OTMOTOR 70-80 M. OHH IIpe1.[CTaBJIOHbI pblX-
J1bIMH IIOCtIaHHCTHMIT, peace rJIHHHCTbIMH Hopo aMII C BRJIIOgOHHOM rajibRH H
rpaBHSI. 3Recb BCTpo ienbl: Didacna nalivkini W a s s., D. all. artemiana B o g.,
D. vulgaris A n d r u s., D. ex gr. eulachia B o g. (F e d.), D. ex gr. subpy-
ramidata P r a v. (IIOHOTOpbIO 63H3RH R D. pravoslavlevi F e d.), Dreissen-
sia polymorpha P a I I., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h. H Rp. HpOMO Toro, HpH-
CyTCTByIOT 110 BHOJIHe onpeAeJIOHHble, B OCHOBHOM OH);e He OHHCaHHbie (OpMbI,
6JIH3IHHe RaR Ic 6aHKHCHUM, Tali H Xa3apCRHM Didacna. Haicoaeu, 3AOCb ?Re
HMeIOTcn 6aiHHcHHo oHaTaHHbie D. rudis N a 1. H Ap.
/ ?a EP
(par. 40. Xapa1Tep 3axeraHlTa icacilnHcxiix OTJioxceHiH3
B 3M6eiicxoM panone (exeMa).
i - HopeiiH1.ie nopo3H; 2 - 6aHHHcxxe x xa3apcime oTJIOHieHHFI;
3 - xeaabiHCBHe OTJ1OHteUHn
TaRHM o6pa3OM, mope, B HOTOpOM 06HTaJIH 3TH MOJIJIIOCHH, HeHOCpOACT-
BeHHO cJiej);OBaJIO BO BpeMCHH 3a ?MOpeM Roi-iga 6aRHHCROFO BeRa II HepeMbI-
BaJ70 Oro OCa) i H. YCJIOBHH 3aJIeraHHn H XapaRTep (ayHbI 3THX OTJIOaceHi1H HO-
3BOJInIOT OTIIOCHTb HX R CaMbIM HH3aM Xa3apCROFO ripyca. IIpH 3TOM OTMeriaeTCH
60JIbmoe CXOj1;CTBO IIOHOTOphIX IIpej{CTaBHTeJIeI poga Didacna c lJOpMaMf
H3 ypyH RHiCHOr0 ropH3oHTa 3anaj;HoA TypRMeHHH. BeebMa BaiRHbIM
MOMeHTOM HBJIfieTCH HaJIHgHe (J)OpM H3 rpyriri D. subpyramidata P r a v., Xa-
paRTOpHbIX AJln HH3OB xa3apcloro apyCa HHarHero HOBOJiHcbn H 3aHaBia3ba
(CM. HHace). 3TO ire TOJIbHO 1IBJIHOTCH Oj);HHM 113 j1;OHa3aTeJIbCTB j1;aTHpOBHH
OCaj1;ROB, HO H FOBOp1T 0 6oJIbHIOM CTpaTHrpa(J)HtIeCROM 3HageHHH AaHHOFO
BHga.
B OTJIHtlHe OT BOCTogioro HpHRacIIHni H 6oJIbmeiI LIaCTH CeBepHoro rlpH-
RaCIIHn, B DM6eHCROM panoue j1;aJIbmO Bcero BTOpraIOTCFI B CyIIIY He XBaJibIH-
cHHe, a HHncHexa3apcRHe OTJloaceHHFn, 3aHHMan 6OJiee Bmeoxoe rHIICOMOTpH-
gWCROO HOJIOaceHHC ((Ilr. 40). TaHHM 06pa3oM, XBaJIbIHClIse OTJIoaceHHH B 3TOM
paROHO HO HepORpbIBaIOT HOBceMeCTHO 6ojiee j;peBHHX RaCIIHHCRHX o6pa3o-
BanHH, B CBH311 C TOM, tlTO HOCJIOgHHe ORa3aJIHCb TeRTOHHMIeCRH HpHHOAHHTbl-
MH Ha BbICOTy, IIpeBhImalon ylo ypOBOHb paHHOXBaJILIHCHOFI Tpaxcrpeccal
(?RylcoB, 1945; Dej>;opoB, 1950). B II;OJIOM pnge MOCT ceaepnee H IoaHHee
p. 3M6bl H11aclexa3apcRHe OTJI0JR HHH BCTpegaloTCH Ha a6COJIIOTHbIX: BbICOTaX
70--80 H jlaace 90 M (T. 0. 100 M H 6o3lee nag ypOBHeM Hacnun), B TO BpOMn
RaR Ila BOOM BOCTOgHOM Ho6epeHcbe OHH IIOBCOMOCTIIO 3a.leralOT HHaIO H3oFIIIICbI
30-40 M. Ha 3Ty Oc06OHHOCTb 3aJIeraHHn RaCIIIIIICRIIX OTJIOaceHHH B gaHHOM
paiioxe o6paTHJI BIIHMaHIIe eige M. M. }IRyHOB (1941, 1945).
OTJIOacOH149 BTOpOH IIOJIOBHHbI xa3apeRorOBela TaH?He IIpHCyTCTByIOT B 3TOM
pai oHe H pa3BHTbI Ha 6o3lec IIH3RHx rHnooMeTpllgOCHHX ypoBHnx. TaH, ce-
BepBee ypotiiiua Tion-Myiori-1arne H B j;pyrex yLIaCTHax Hpuiacrn'r croI3
HH3MOHIIOCTII Hog XBaJIbIIICICIIMH OTJIO?ReHHFIMH BCTpetleHa c ayHa: Didacna
surachanica A n d r u s., D. ex gr. nalivkini W a s s., CBHj;eTeJIbcTBytoagaH
o Haain i uu BepXHexa3apCRux oTJIOaceIIHII.
OTJIonceiIHH xBaJIbIHCROro a p y c a miipoNo pa3BHTbI B
HH3MOIIHOFI tiaCTH palioHa. OHH npocjiemHBaIOTCn j;aJIexo xa BOCTOR 110 HO-
HHaceHHIO, Bji;OJlb COBCpHOFO gHIIia YCTIOpTa, H o6pa3yloT TeppacbI Ha ero
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
cKJIOHe. 3gecb TaHme ygaeTCa BbIAeJIHTb cpegH xnaJmbIHCKHx o6pa3oBaHLIg AB&
ocHOBHblx KOMnJIeHCa oTJIO?KeHHFi: 60Jiee ApeBHHe - HH1KHexnarnIHCKHe,
H 6oJlee Monogbie - Bepxllexna.u IicKHe ocagrH.
HH?HHeXBaJIMHCKHe oTJIOMOIIHJI 3aHHMaIOT 6oJIbmHe HJIoii aj;H H pacnpo-
CTpaHHIOTCH AaJielco Ha BOCTOR. Coraacno A. Jl. finunHHy (1940, 1953), oHH
AOXOgnT g0 HH3OBHI3 p. zleraH H 3aXOAAT gOBOJIbHO gaJIeEO no JieBOMy 6epery
3M6LI. fIpeJCTaBneHM OHH nectlaHnIMH H rjIHHHCTO-nectlani,IMH o6pa3O-
BaHIIHMH c raJibuoYI H McJIH0JI parylieII. Y nOAHO?KHI'I Cesepnoro 4HHKa
YCTIOpTa H CTOJI006pa3HLIX B03BbIIHOHHOCTOi IIIyabupa, Axci.Ib-Tay H Apy-
rHX HH?KHCXBa3ILIHCKHe oTJIo)ueHHa o6pa3yIOT Teppacbi, *IaCTO npexpacuo
BblpaHCennble.
HaMH 6MJIH HCCJIeAOBaHbI TOJIbHO ABa yLIaCTKa CeBepuoro LIHHKa YCTIOpTa:
yponuuie Tiox-MyioH-t-Ianxe H necRH 'IarblpJIH-ITIyHIbHyM BMeCT0 c o6pbIBaio-
IIJHMCFI K HHM tIHHHOM YCTIOpTa.
Paloil Tloa-MyIoH-ilanxe
YpotlHi4e (HJIH ) TIOFI-MyIOH-LIarHe HpeACTaBJIHeT CHJIbHO pacgme-
HeHHbII3 3ana)HbII3 Hpau3 ceBepioro gIHHHa YCTIOpTa, KOTOpLII3 BMeCTe C TaHHM
me BJICTYIIOM () ypotiHnja MEIH-Cy-AJIMac gaJIeKO BAaeTCH B IIpHKacIIHI3-
Our. 41. IIpoc u ib gepea Teppacu y Tlon-Myiox-LIanue
CKYIO HH3MeHHOCTb ((Hr. 41, 42). C cenepnoit H 3auaguoi3 CTOp0Hbi K IIOg-
HO?KbIO qHHHa npHCJIOHrleTCH CHJIbHO paCtiJleHeHHaH IIOBepXHOCTb Teppacbl,
cpe3aiou~au IIaJleoreHOBbie rJIHHHCTble OTJIOHCeHHH. BbICOTa 3TOI IIOBepXHOCTH
HOJIe6neTCFI B npegeJIax 10-20 M a6c. BbIc. BeperoBarI JiHHHFI HaMelIaeTCH Ha
BLICOTe 20-21 M (48 M HaA YpOBHeM HaCHHH). Teppaca cJiomeHa xopoiuo
OKaTaHHOI3 ra7Ibi013 H rJIb16aMH capMaTCKHX H3BCCTHFIKOB, raJIbuoI3 H Ilje6eHKOii
tlepimix H tIepno-6ypbix o?KeJIe3HCHHbIX nectlaHHKOB, peme - KBapi a H nee-
KOM. H3pegua BCTpC'aIOTCH McJIKHe TOHHOCTBOp'aTbIO 06JIOMKH (peace -
IZeJIlile cTBOpiJT) Didacna ex gr. praetrigonoides N a 1. nepexog B D. barbot-
de-marnyi G r i m m (D. ebersini F e d.), a TaKxce oxaTaxnbie MaccFIBHble
paxoBHHM xa3apcKnx D. ex gr. nalivkini Was s., D. surachanica A n d r u s.
H Ap. MOIUHOCTm raJletiHHKOB 3-4 M.
Y caMoro BogHo?KbH o6pblBa TIOH-MyIOH-tIaure coxpaHHJiacb B BHge
OTAeJIbHrIX genyAaAHOHHbix oCTaHgOB a6pa3HOHHaH Teppaca, IIOKphITaH c no-
BepXHOCTH OKaTaHHhIMH rJIb16aMH H raJIbHoi . A6pa3Hounaa JIHHHH 3TOfi Tep-
pacbI pacnoJIomeHa Ha a6COJII0THOii BbICOTe 45-50 M (oroHIO 75 M Hag ypOBHOM
Hacnun). (DayHa Ha HeI3 ne BcTpetlena.
XaparTep (ayHbi HH3HOI3 Teppacbi rOBOpHT o ee HH?KHexBaJmIHcroM Bo3-
paCTe. H 3TOMy me BpeMBHH MO} HO OTHeCTH H BbICOKyIO Teppacy, y'IHTbIBag
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
(IJHr. 42. CeBeprrbr%i 41411rc (o6pr>ws) YcTIOpTa B pai%rolie TroH-MyiOH- 4arrrce.
Fla BTOpOM miarre crrpaBa BHj{IIa a6pa3HOr-IHasr xBaJrbIHCrcaH Teppaca
coBHaACHHe ee HO BbICOTe C HWHHOXBaJIbJHCICOii Teppacoii B 6OJlee BOCTOTIHOM
paiione (CM. HHaxe).
Paikni neclcOB LIarblpalll-II1yJIbnyM H cesepxoro 9HHISa
YCTIOpTa
IIeCHH LlarbIpJIH-I11yJIbI{yM pacrio i eHm Me?ISJ[y OCTaI31IOBOH CTOJIOBOI3
,BO3BhIHICHHOCTbIO AMHJlb-Tay H TIHHICOM YCTIOpTa. 3T0 3axpeHJleHHble, Horioro
.BCXOJIMJIeHHble MUM, OgeTbIC MaJIOMOII;HbIM LIeXJIOM CyrIeCeR, paCHOJIOMOHHMe
IleeKa yaebipnu !!/y/ro Kyn 45 50/73
(DHr. 43. IIpoc HJrb tlepe3 Teppacbl rroJRIIOMbH cesepxorO "HHHa YcTropTa
Ha a6COJIIOTHLIX oTMernax 30-40 M ((Hr. 43). Bo MHOrHX MOCTaX B 3THX He-
eICaX BCTpeeaeTCH (JIayIla MOJII I4X H TOHICOCTBOpiIaTbIX Didacna ebersini F e (1.,
Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Dreissensia
rostriformis D e s h. Pexce BCTpeuaIOTCH D. protracta E i c h w., D. ex gr.
parallella B o g. B BoCTO=IIIOII =IaCT.II HeCROB IIarblpnnH-IllymlbHyM, Ha a6co-
JIIOTHbIX BLICOTaX 15-20 M, BcTpe=Ieia o6HJlbxan cjayaa D. subcatillus A n-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
d r u s., D. protracta E i c h w., HpoMencyTOgHax iopMa Memgy D. protracta
H D. parallella B o g., D. ex gr. praetrigonoides N a I., iopMbl, 6J Hwwe It
D. artemiana B o g., Dreissensia polymorpha P a I I., Dreissensia ros,~ri/ormis
D e s It. BenbzHHHCTBO yKa3auHi x BLIIIIO (f opM H0313OJIROT OTHOCTH 3 'H Hcci
K paHHexsaJlblucKoMy Bo3pacTy. AHanorH'IHaa (ayHa BCTpeYeua Ha' no6oJIb-
IIIOM oCTaUAO Teppacbl, of o io 20-21 M a6c. Bblc., paciiwio rceiinoi y IIOA-
HOncbFt CeBepnOro iIHHHa YCTIOpTa, BOCTOgHee HecHon ilarblpJIH-IUy.iLuyM.
3j ecb 3Ta (iayHa 3aJIeraeT B CJIOe HeCIia H rajibr s MOIAHOCTbIO 3-4 M.
(DHr. 44. CesepxbIH mix YcTIOpTa K Tory OT necxoB LIarBTp.IH-IIIyJIbxyM.
Bj[adIa BHRHa a6paaH0HHan xmimicHax Teppaca, upHhiblxaIou an
K CKJIOHy IIJIaTO
BIilme pa3BHTa xopomo BMpa}K HHaR Teppaca, pac*IJlexelIHax Ha oTAeJIb-
Hble oCTaHIZLI H rpFIRbi. MecTaMn, rge oHa Jiygme coxpaltf Iacb, BHAHO ee HpH-
CJIoHeHHe K uHHHy HJIaTO Ha a6COJIIOTHOII BLICOTe 45-50 M ((1Hr. 44).
Teppaca CJIO?Kexa rpy6blt, ii ioxo oxaTaHHLIM MaTOpHa1IOM, 3aJIeralo-
HjHM Ha IIaiieoreHOBMX oTJlomeHHFIx. B OCHOBaHIIH npeo6JlaljaIoT rjim6bl H H;e-
6enb, pence raJlbxa, Bbime - necKH c raJlbxoi3 H ii e6exxoi'I, IIepeipbiTble
rpy6NMit raJIegIHHKaMH, Hje6HeM II IIeCgaHO-rJIHHACTmIM MaTepHa1loM. llonepX-
HOCTb Teppac i IIOKpLITa MaJIOMOIAHb1M IIJIalgOM IIeCKa c raJibKoi3 H Ilje6eHK0i3.
06u. as MOIAHOCTb 3THX OTJIOnceHHII go 4-5 M. B CaMOM BepxxeM nec iaHH-
CTOM CJIOe BCTpeLIaIOTCH pewuIe, MOJIKHe H TOHKOCTBOptiaTble Didacna eber-
sini F e d., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Thedoxus pallasi L i n d h.
OcnOBHaFI macca MaTepHaiia - IIpOJIIOBHammbnoro IIpOI1CXOnij;OHHJT H JIHHIb ca-
MbH3 BOpXHHg CJioI3 c (ayHOiI IIpej[CTaBJIHeT co6o i MopCKHe ocagriff. 06JIni
4 ayimi MOJIJIIOCKOB 3TOII Teppacbl onpej{eiieHHO r0BOpKT 0 ee HHnfxexsaJILIHCKOM
Bo3paCTe. XapaRTepx0, ZITO 3) ecb, Kan H B paiIoxe TIoH-MyIOH-LIaIIHe, 6e-
peronaH JIHHHH HHHCHexnailmrHCKOI3 (MaucHMaJImHoI) Teppacbl HaXOAHTCFI
Ha BbICOTe ono io +50 M.
CorJiacHo Ha6JIIo.enrni A. JI. HHIIIFIHa (1940, 1953), n 6OJIee BocTO'IIbIx
gaCTHx eDM6encRoro palioxa xnaHIbIHcuHe OTJIOHCeHHR BCTpegalOTCH Ha a6co-
JIIOTHblx BLICOTax go 70-80 M. OAHaHO y A. JI. HHi ulna 6aniHCKHe, xa3ap-
CKHe H XnaJmIHCKI3e OTJIOMeHHH He pacgJleHeIlbl; OgeBH HO, 3TH BMCOTNI OT-
HOCHTCFI K xa3apcniM Him 6aiHHCKHM o6pa3oBaHI3fIM.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
He McHee ITHTCpeCHbIM FIBJIHeTCFI HaJIwmre Y IIOgHOHfbfI YCTIOpTa paime-
xBaJIbIHCnoH Toppacbl BIilCOTOF3 20. (48), m, Bocima xapaiTepxoii is gJifl ApyrIIx
6eperoB MopH.
Be pxii exBaJILi HCii ii e 0TJI0HC0HHH pa3BrITbIHH?HeHyJIesou
rOpI30HTaJIH. CCBCpHee H COBCPO-3anagHeo Tion-MyIOH-Lianlce AOBOJIbHO XO-
poBIo BbipamoiIa ApeBllflfr 6eperOBafr .IIIIIHn, pacnoJiomeHHafI ria a6co llOTHOII
BbICOTe c wio - 2 M (26 M Hag h acnneM), I)iflncnpyiou>afl MaHCHMaJIbBOe pac-
IIpOCTpaHeBne IC3AHeXEaJIbIHCKCrO MopH. BepXHex aJIbIHCnne OTJIOHCeHIIH
Hpe]jCTaBJIeimi riIaBHLIM 06pa30M necKaMII c peAKCIi c ayuoII Didacna ex gr.
praetrigonoides N a 1., Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha
P a 11.
H o B o n a c u II II c H H e O T JI o m e H H fI 3aHHMaIOT HeIBIIpOKyIO noJIOCy
Ha 3anage paioBa, BgCJIb 6epera Racnriici cro MOpp, n He pacnpOCTpaHHIOTCFI
BbiIIIe a6CCJIIOTBbIX OTMCTOK - 22, - 21 M (6-7 M Hag ypoBHeM 1 acimn).
OI1H npe)CTaBJIeHLI neCLIaHbIMH H neCLIaHO-rHIHHHGTbIMH OCagKaMH C CIayHOfl
Cardium edule L., Didacna trigonoides P a 1 1., Monodacna caspia E i c h w.,
Adacna laeviuscula E i c h w., Adacna vitrea E i c h w., Dreissensia poly-
morpha P a 11.
3. IIPHRACHHfCRAH HH3MEHHOCTb
a) )AonllHa p. YpaJi
B a u H H cu H e O T JI O ff e H H fi H3BeCTHbI rio JieBoMy 6epery Ypania,
K Tory OT 03. LIennap H ceBepHee HIIJ epcHoro o3epa. 11. A. IIpaBocaaBJIeB
(1913) gain ceBepnoro 6epera H.IIAepcnoro o3epa IIPIIBOAIIT c ayxy: Didacna
baeri G r i m m, D. crassaEichw.,
D. subpyramidata P r a v., D. bacu-
ana A n d r u s., (?), Monodacna,
Dreissensia, Paludina H Ap. 3gecb
me yua3LIBaOTCfl D. catillus
E i c h w., D. Protracta E i c h w. (?).
03HaxoMaleHHe c HCgaBHIIMH
c6opaMII pa3JrHLiHbxx HCCJIegoBaTe-
JieII gaeT B03MOHSI1OCTL YCTaHOBIITb
Aaix paliona HHAepa IIPHCYTCTBH0
THIIHLIHLIX 6auffHe IIX (JopM - Di-
dacna ex gr. rudis N a 1., D. ru-
dis var. catillus-rudis N a 1.
HecMOTpn iia TO, LITO pciA c opM,
Han B onncaHHH H. A. HpaaocJraB-
JICBa, Tali H CPCAII IIPOCMOTPCIIIILIX
IIaMH c60pOB, AOB03ThHO cnoco6pa-
3eH H He BCCr)a THIIiILIOH Aim 6a-
HI4IICICOro Hpyca, MOHCIIO YBCPCHIIO
rOBOPHTL o HajiwiFH 6aHHHCHHx (DI3r. 45. Paape3 upaBoro 6epera p. YpaJi
OTJIOHCCHHH B pa1OH0 HIi epcnoro B pafioxe noc. ISasIMl;IxoBo
o3epa. MTO naCaeTCfr IOHCIIOro 6epe-
ra 03. LIOJTnap, TO TPYAI10 nova cKa3aTb, c CO6CTBCHHO JiH 6aRHHCKHMB
irnH c 6o iee MOJIOAbIMH (rIoprHHCnnMH) OCaAICaMH MbI HMccM geJiO. _
0 T JI o H S 0 . 1 1 H fI x a 3 a p c u o r o n p y c a o6Ha?HaloTCfl Ho AOJIIIHC
p. Ypaar. OHH IIPOACTaBJIOHN IIPCHMYH[CCTBCHHO IIpeCIIOBOAHbIMII R Ha3CM-
HbIMH 06pa3oBaHIIHMn. HHMHIle rOPH30IITbI 3THX OCaAHOB YXOAHT n0A ype3
Bogb1 Ypaala, a BCPXHIIC HecorJIaCHO HOPeEPLITbI XBaJIbIHCnHMII OTJIOH{CHH}IMII.
Hp1BCAeM xapaiTepnble o611amOH11H.
B IIpaBOM 6epery p. Ypa3I, B paiorie Hoc. HaJIMbiHOBO, B 6epOrOBOM o6-
pblBe, BMcoTOii 11-12 M, o6HamaloTCH (lIHr. 45 n 46):
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Ql3?1.
>2.
CyrnrHKH cBeTno-6ypble. MOntHOCTJ, 0,8 M.
CyrJIHHKH H nec=ianncTbie rJIHabi, eBeTno-6ypble, HHH3y nepecnaraaloTCH c rnHHH-
CTbIMH nocHaMH, npno6peTaa McJKOBOJIHHCTYIO CaOHCTOCTa. MOIIjHOCTb 2,5 M.
HHMHHe IIecgaHHCTble npOCJIOn cojjepmaT ~ayay: Didacna ebersini F e d
(D. ex gr. trigonoides P a 1 1.), D. ex gr. parallella Bog., D. all. protracta E i c h w.,
D. longipes G r i m m, Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha
P a 1 1. CaoH 1 H 2 OTHOCHTCH H XBaJILIHCKOMy HpyCy. OHH 3aneraloT Ha pa3MfITOH
IIOBepXIIOCTH IiHmeac}KamHx ocajjKOB.
(PHr. 46. RoaHHa p. Ypan HHxce noc. I-lamMbIKoBa. B o6pblse o6HaxcaloTCH
XBanmIHCKHe H XaaapCKHe oTJIO)HeHIHH
)Q3 3. CyrnrIlHn IIOpHCTble, HeacnocJloncTble 6ypoBaTo-HaJleBMe, ceponaTble (aTenbcHHo
CJIOH). MoutnocTb 0,8 M. HHH{e OHH HOCTeneHHO nepeXOAHT B CJIOI3 4.
> 4. I'JIHHHCTble necKH C HpOCJIOHMH CyrnHHKOB cepoaaTO-6yporo I BeTa. MOIAHOCTa go 2 M,
Qh?5.
2
HepecnannaHHe KOMKABaTbIX 6ypbix H xpacHOBaTbIX rJIHH c cepoBaTbIMH cyrJIHH-
xaMH, HHHIe - CJIOHCTMe OXpHCTO-6ypble rnHHbl, nepexoAHlljHe B TeMHocepble
p. Ypai B paiioHe noc. MepreHOBCxoro
HJIOBamIe BH3KHe CJIOICTbIC rJInabI, ne-
peIIOJIHOHIIble paCTHTenbHbTMH OCTaTKa-
MH, yXOAHntHe noA Ype3 BOAbI. BHAHMaH
MolglIOCTb 5 M. 3Aecb H3peAKa BCTpe'ia-
IOTCH npeCHOBOAHble MOnnIOCHH Limnaea,
Planorbis H Ap.
CJioR 4, BIIAIIMO, MO1IlHO COIIOCTaBJIRTb
C LIepHOHpCTHMH (peLiHhIMH) OTJIOixeHHIIMH
pa3pe3a no HHaxxeii BoJlre, a HH1xeJIe
Hfali[He rJIHHbI - c aCTpaxaHCRHMH H
CHHrHJIbCRHMH cJIOHMH Toro rice pa3pe3a,
OTHOCSI IIocJIeJHHe H xa3apcxoMy slpycy.
B upai oM 6epery p. YpaHI, B paflolle
noc. Meprelloacxoro, B 6eperonoM o6-
pblBe, B lCOTOI3 AO 9 M, o6HamaIOTCrl
(cHr. 47):
.Qts'1. CyrnHHnH nenCHOCJIOHCTble1 CBeTJlo-6ypble H naJleBble. MOntHOCTb 1 M.
> 2. I'nHHHCTble IIOCKH, McJIKO3epHHCTbie, cnoncTGIe, naiieBble; HHHSe - nepecnaHBaHHe
3THx ace necxoB C 6ypraMH H HOpHTIHeBbmeH rJlnnaMH, nepexoAHlljee B KocoCJIOHCTEIe
pa3HO3epHHCTble necKH. MOncHOCTb 2 M.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
B IlLaax cjioii BCTp04aIOTCFI pegime Didacna ex gr. parallella B o g., D. eber-
sini F e d., Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1.
CJioii 1 M 2 OTIIOG3TCII H XBaJIbIHCHOMy Flpycy. OHM 3aJiera1oT Ila pa3MhITOH
IIOBepX[IOCTi IIOACTMJIaioaJax ocaAICOB.
Qg 3. Cyr.IMHICM HOplCTble, IIecJiOMCTble, 6ypble, MOri);[IOCTLIO 0,5 M, HBJifIoB uecal aHaJlo-
rOM aTeJIbCHHX CJIOCB. OHM He3a4e1IIo IIep3XOAHT B CJIOII 4.
> 4. Hepec.saiBaiMe IIaJIeBIax Cyi iai HOB M McJIH03epIIMCTbIX IIOCICOB. MOII[HOCTb 1-
1,5 M.
> 5. Mum HOCOCJIOIICTLIo HfoJITOBaTble. Mo191IOCTb (BMAMMais) J.[O 4,5 M.
O T J I O ? H e If H F I XB aJiiiu ci oro FI pyca pacnpocTpaxern
Han60Jieo HIHpOHo. OIIH o6pa3yIOT nOBOPXHOCTb CTeIIHbIX HpOCTpaHCTB OT
o6pbiBa 061uero CLIpTa I-Ia Ior, uOgITH go 6epera I#aCuHH. H3 HPIIBO IIHblx
BbIH1e pa3pe3oB BRAI-I0, LITO XBaJIbIHCHHO ocaAHH ll 0 CTaBJIOHbI rJIaBHUIM
o6pa3oM rJIHHHCTbIMH HecHaMa H HeCLIaHHCTbIMH rJIHHaMH 6ypOBaTbIX TOHOB,
C COJIOHOBaTOB09II0H c ayiioii; CTOJIb THHHLIHbIO j[JIFI HM?HHer0 IIOBOJI?HbI
mOHOJIaj;,Hble rjIHIIbI 3AeCb OTCYTCTByIOT. XBaJIbIHCH[Ie OTJIO?HCIIIIFI 3ai eraJOT
o6bILIHo Ha pa3MbITOrI HOBepXHOCTH Ha3CMHbIX o6pa30BaHHII (aTeJn cicae
cyrJIHHIM) HJIII Ha 6o.aee j[peBHIIX nopo ax.
Y UORHO?ICbHH 06inero CLIpTa, B paiio e r. YpaJlbcra, oTTIeTJIHBO npOCJie-
?HIIBaOTCFI 6eperoBaFI JIHIIII11 XBaJIbiHcEoro MOpFI (paHIIeXBaJIbIHCHOII (aabl)
Ha a6COJIIOTHOR BbICOTO orco io 45-48 M (75 M Hag ypOBHOM Haman).
XBaJIbiHCicaH TOJIIua JZOJIHTCH Ha ABC TIaCTkl: HII?HHIOIO - rJIHHHCTyIO, H
BepxH101o - nec aHHCTyIO, HOTOpble, HO AailHblM M. M. }KyicoBa (1945),
B pallone FypbeBa pa3geJleHhI CyrJIHHHaMH IIa3CMHOPO THna. 3TO J;aeT OCHO-
BaHIIe H HO pailOHy gOJIHHbl Ypaiia roBOpFITb 0 j;Byx OCHOBHbIX 3Tanax xBa-
JIbIHCHOlI TpaHCrpeCCHH, BbI) eJIFIFI HM?HHeXBaJIbIHCHIIik H BepXHeXBa1IbiacFL IH
rOpH301ITbI. H HOPBOMy OTHOCHTCH 6oJlbnlaH LIaCTb rJIHHHCTbIX OTJIO?HeHHII,
cJlaraio1;HX 3IIagFrTCJIbIIbIC npOCTpaIICTBa CTOHH BHJIOTb 90 1-10911O?HbH 055a ero
CbipTa, a HO BTOPOMy - necgaIIble u r.IHnHCTO-necgaHbie OCagHM, pacripo-
CTpaHOHHLIe IO?HIIee HIHPOTbI HaJIMbIHoBo - HaMbliu-CaMapexac pa3JIFIBbl.
TaHoe 3aICJImeIIHe IIe HpOTIIBOpegIIT IIaJIHLIIIIO 6oJiee gp06HbIX (J)a3 pa3BH-
THFI XBa3IbIHCHoro 6acce iiIa, yCTaHOBJIeHHbIX M. M. .lI{yHOBbIM.
HH?HIIex B a1Ibin cii Re 0TJio?HeHHSI Hail6oJlee niFpOHo
paCnpOCTpaHOHLI; OHH CJlaralOT CTCIHble HpoCTpaxCTBa H BOCTOHy H 3anagy
OT j;OJIHHb1 YpaHIa.
FJIHHHCTLIC H necgaIio-rJIHHHCTble OTJIO?HOHHFI 3TOr0 BpeMCHH Coj);ep?HaT
McJIHyIO H TOHHOCTBopgaTylo I ayHy MOJIJI[OcrlOB. BJIH3 HOJ FiO?ICbFI CbipTa,
y rpaHHIZbI MaICCHMaJIbnoro pacrlpocTpaHeHHI paHHeXBaJILIHCHOro Mopi',
IfiayHa HOCHT onpeCH01111Mii xapaHTep. 3Aecb BMOCTC c Didacna ebersini
F e d. (D. ox gr. trigonoides P a 1 1.) H D. protracta E i c h w. BcTpeuaeTCH
MHOro Monodacna, Adacna H Dreissensia. B OTr aJieHHH OT Jj0JIHHbl Ypaia
B COCTaBe I)ay1IbI Hpeo6Jlaj[aioT Didacna, HaFI6oJIee TH1HiIHbIMFI CpeJjF ICOTOpEIX
IIBJIH[OTCfi D. ebersini F e d., D. protracta E i c h w., D. longipes Grimm,
D. ex gr. parallella B o g. BocTogHee AOJIHHbI Ypaiia, B paixone ,L(?IlaM6eiiTbl,
B pFIAe 3p03HOHHLIX PhITBIIH 06Ha?ICa1OTCIl rJIHH[ICTLie UCCFCH CBeTJIO6ypOrO
rlBeTa c pegicoii IJayHOll McJIHHx Xpy1HHX D. ebersini F e d., D. ex gr. pro-
tracta, Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Adacna plicata E i c h w., Dreissen-
sia polymorpha P a 1 1. I0?HI-lee HI13oBMH P. YHJI (ciar. 48) is Ilecgaiio-rJIHHH-
CTLIX OTJIO1ICOIIHHX BcTpeueHbl D. ex gr. parallella B o g., D. ebersini,
D. protracta E i c h w., Monodacna sp., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1.
MOIL 11OCTb HH?ICIIeXBaJIbIIICHHX oTJIO?HeHIII no j;oJIHHe YpaHIa j[ocTHraeT
3-7 M.
B e P B aJibIHCHH0 0TJI0 ?H0HHH pacnpOCTpaHeHbl
io?HHee (HII?He) IIyJIeBOI3 rops3ouTa.II3. OIIH IIpeJ CTaBJIeHLI o6bIYHo 6oJiee
OneCgaHeHHbIMH pa3HOCTrIM14, qOM HH?HHOXBaJIbIHCHHe. II0 goJIHHe YpaJia OHH
BbIpa1COHbI PJIHIIHCTbIMH HOCHaMH, IIOCYaHHCTbIMH rJIHIIaMH H CyrJIHHICaMH.
7 TpyAra PHH, B. 10 97
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Ha JIeBOM 6epery Yparia, B paiioue ceii. Capaii'HH, Ha6JiIogaeTCR cJle-
gyiolgHR pa3pe3 (cnepxy):
QA 1. CJioricmIe rJIHIIHCTble IIeCHH. MOHiHOCTm 1,2 M.
> 2. r1HHbl HeHe.IbHO-3OJIeHOBaTble, HOMHOBaTble, C paCTHTOJIbHbIMH OCTaTHaMH (aTITHOB ii).
MOHLHOCTb I M. 3a.leraioT Ha pa3MbITOH IIOBOpXHOCTH HOACTHJIaIOII iix ocaJ.[HOB.
Qsvs3. rJIHHHCTble HeCHH, 7HenT0BaT0-naJIeBble, C IIpOCJIOHMH HeCHOB, IIepeIIOJIHellmax pa-
HymeH, cpeju HOTOpOH BCTpegeHbI: Didacna parallella B o g., D. ex gr. praetri-
gonoides N a 1., D. aff. longipes G r i m m, Monodacna caspia E i c b w., Adacna
plicata E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha P a l 1., Dreissensia rostri formis
D e s h. BOJIbUIIIHCTBO paIOBHH Didacna oTJIHgaeTCH 60JIbmllMH pa3MepaMH H TOJI-
J1 MHOH. HHxse no pa3pe3y rJIHHHCTble HeCHH CMeHHIOTCH IlecxaMH C HpOCJIOfIMH
PJIHIIHCTbIX HeenoB. Bnj{IIMan MOMHOCTh CJIOH OT 3 go 2,5 M.
DHr. 48. ,iIoJIHHa p Ysni. B o6pblBe o6HamaIOTCH xBaJmlxcHH(,'
oTJIo1HenHH
XapaxTep nplBe)erIHoiI iaynbl H CTpaTHrpac agecHoe nollo55eHsIe cJion 3
1103BOJIRIOT OTHOCHTb er0 H U03)fHexBaJibiHCHOMy BpeMeHH. CJIoH I H 2 OTHO-
CHTCFI H noc IeXBaJihIHCHOMy H HOBOHacuHHCl{OMy BpeMeHH. K n03)(HeXBa-
JIbIHcHoMy BpeMeHH B Memgypegbe Ypania n BOJirH OTHOC)ITCH TaH?He nec-
gaHbie cHonJIeHHR, pacnoJIO1HeHHble B Hpegenlax H3orHnc - 5, - 10H -20 M.
BecbMa xapaHTepa0l3 gepTOII paIIOHOB pacnpocTpaneHHR BepxnexBa-
JIbIHCHHX OTJIOHSeHHn HIBJIFIeTCsI HaJIHgHe rpnl; Sr 6yrpoB-rpcij[ IIIIIpOTIIOrO
npocTHpaHHH, HMexyeMblx, no anajiorHH c 60Jiee 3ana) IIhIMH pal4OH MH CeHep-
noro KpHHacrsR, 6apoBCHHMH 6yrpaMH. Y Hac HOT BO3MOMHOCTH y)eiiHTb
gOJIHfHoe BHHMaHHe 3THM JII06ouLITHbIM o6pa30BaHHRM. reHe3Hca H 1)H3HRo-
reorpa(HgecisHx ycJIOB14I3, B HOTOJBIX npo1cx0gHJIO (f opMHpOBaHHe rpFig,
MbI HOCHOMCR HHxse. 3AeCb ?He OTMeTHM, 'ITO BOCTO'HOe HH3OBHyf YpaJia BTH
rpHALI BeCbMa nIHpOHO pa3BHTMI. OHH 06pa3OBaHbi HaH neCTIaHHCTbIM H nblJie-
BaTbIM MaTepI3aJIoM, Tau H FJIHHHCTbIMH noMotuaMH. XapaxTep MaTepsaaa,
ciiaralouAero rpsJ I, ero CJIOIICTOCTb H reOMOp4IoJIOrHgecHHe 0006eHHOCTH
caMHx rpng yRa3bIBaIOT Ha CymeCTBOHHYIO (B03MOHfnO, peiuaioiuyio) poJib
BoJionoro ( )aHTOpa B Hx o6pa3onaHHH.
H OBOHacnHI3 cHHe mop cHHe 0TJiO}ueHIE Ry3HOII1IOJIO-
coII pa3BHTbs B)[OJIb 6epera HacnhlicHoro MopS. OHH orparns enbi co CTOpOHbi
cyLux ijaCTO )1,OBOJIbHO OTgeTJI14BoI3 JIHHHeis, HpHypogeHHoII H rOpH3OHTaJIH
-21 nnnsi -22 M, RBJIRIOII(eIiCR l;peBHeI3 6eperonOfi JIHHHe13 HOBOHacliH4CROro
MOpI. HOBOHaennIICHH.e OTJIo;ueHHH. npe,l;CTaBJIeHbi npeHMywecTBenno nec-
HaMH. ORHaHO 6JIHxse H yCTbIO Ypaaia BeCbMa CyI.IJeCTBeanyIO po2lb HrpaloT
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
rJrnu cTble neCIfn n rJlnim. (1)ayIia MOJIJIIOCIfOB xapaHTepH3yeTCH, IIOMHMO
Cardium edule L., Taume Didacna trigonoides P a 1 1., Monodacna caspia
E i c h w., Adacna plicata E i c IT w., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1.,
Theodoxus pallasi L i n d IT.
AJIJIJOBIIaJIbHI,IM aiianoroM HOBouaCHHHCI iTx OTJI01ICeHIIn HBJIFIIOTC,fi IIOI3-
MOHHble OTJIOM OIIHFI P. Ypaii.
15) ,oamna Born i
HacnIiiIcnne LI0TBepTHT3IIble OTJIO?IceIInH, pa3BII:Tble B HH}ISHeM HOBOin u,e,
IIan60aee AeTaJIbIIO 113y'IeIIbI. HaHOMHHM, 'ITO en[e H, A. HpaB4cJiaB-
JIeBIiIM, np i y'IaCTHH H. H. AH,l pyCOBa, 39CCb 6NJIn BbIAenIeHbI: 6a}CHHCK1II,
CHHrnJIbCnnn, aCTpaxancifnn, ICOCO}ISci nn, Xa3apCHnn, aTeJIbCHnn, XB$JIbIH-
cniin RpyCbI IT neMpyACIfan, g}HopgmaHCIfaH IT CapHHCICaH CBIITbI.
Ho3AHee M. M. Thynoa (1936, 1945) npeAJioaifiJi cxeMy, ynpongaioii yio
IIOApa3AOJIeIiii 11. A. HpallocJlaBJieBa, B HOTOPOII BbIAOJIHJIHCb HpyCbI, 06'b-
eAHHHIOlI[ne B ce6e I Ia3y pa3MbIBa, I Ia3y MOpCIfOH aHICyMyJIHAnn, I Ia3y npec-
HOBOAHyIO H iIa3eMIIyI0 (CM. iJiaBy 1).
Feonoro-c'LeMogilbie if IlHiHeHepllo-reOJIOrn'IeCKHe pa60TbI, IIInpoio pa3-
BepHyBlIIneCH B CeBepHOM HpnifacIIHH, BbIABHHyJIII Heo6XOAHMOCTb AaJIb-
HeI1mero yTo'meIIIIH CTpaTHrpacJiHn 'leTBepTI'IHbIX ocaAifoB 3TOn o6JIaCTl3.
B pe3YJlbTaTe HOJIJIeIfTHBHOYI pa6oTbI IIpeACTaBHT JIeI3 pHAa yzIpe?ICAeHIIII,
opraHn3oBaHHOii HOMHCCIIeri no n3y'IeIIHIO 'IeTBepTn'IHOPO nepnoAa AHaAe-
MHH Haylt CCCP, B 1951 r., Ha OCHOBaHHH IfpnTn'IOCICOrO HepecMOTpa Bcex
IIMeIOIL[IIxcs JIHTCpaTypHbIX MaTepnaJIOB, 6bHJIa CoCTaBJIexa HpIJlaraeMal
CTpaTHrpa( wgecKaH cxeMa CeBepnoro Hpnifacm4a, IIPIMCHIITeJIbHO H HHM-
HCMy HOBOJISIfbIO (Ta6JI. 3).
FeoJIOrH'IecxHe HCCJIeAOBaIIHH, HpOBOAHBIIIneCH JICTOM 1951 r., B TOM
'IIICJIe H HamH pa6oTbI, not a3anln, TO cxeMa 1951 r. AOnm na 6LITb ilaCTl'IHO
n3MeHeHa. 3TH H3MOI10111,TH CBOAHJIHCb B OCHOBHOM If npHAaHHio 6ommei3
HOBoRacnBicRHiI
QTV
XBaabIHCKI-ILi
QIIfiv
I
Xa3apciui i
Ohz
II
Eau.HCn1I H
QI
COBp CMC HH b10
0nk2
"IV
HoBoua cd111 iI-
Clf HC
Qnk,
IV
CoBpeMeHllble
IfOHTHIIeHT aFIb1-Ible
o6pa3oBalffiH
QIv
IIo3J[IlexBaJIbnHCIfHIe Mopclclle QbV2
III
EIIOTaeBCxlle QII en
I
PanxexBaaI. nclcne MOpcicne Qbi`1
ATeIIbcI11e QII
LICpIIOBpciale QJI
Xa3apcuHe MOpCiU10 Qbz
AcTpaxancltne Qag
CnrIrn.nbclclie OT
Balcni emie, MOpCICHC Qb
Ta6JII3ua 3
OTnoinexrrsi
Teppac Bo,nru
IIOLIMbI
Bbicoxoii noIiMhl
TpeTbeIi IIaunoIi-
MCHHOYI
LIeTBepTOrI HaAnoR.
MCHHOH
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
yHHBepcaJlbHOCTH exeMe, Tax H H TaHHe CJIOH, KaK gepxofipcxHe H png j[py-
rHx, CBR3aHLI TOJIbH0 C 90JIHHOIi BoJIrH (H OTLIaCTH YpaJia) H Hpel;cTaBJIHIOT
co6oA MecTHble (aIZHaJIbHbie RoMHJIeHcbl.
HpOMe Toro, HaI3AeHHaa HaMH iayHa MopCRHx (COJIOHOBaTOBOAHbIX)
MOJIJIIOCKOB xa3apcRoro o6JIHKa B HH3ax CHHrHJIhCHHX oTJloHfeHHIi II03B0-
Q>Hr. 49. Pa3pea Hpasoro 6epera
B paiIoue Pai ropoga
JIHeT 3TH CJIOH H 3aJleraloigHe BbI-
me aCTpaxaHCRHe OTJIO}KeHHR OTHO-
CHTb H xa3apcHOMy npycy. H 3TOMy
Me BMIBOAy, He3aBHCHMO OT Hac,
HpIIHIeji pHA reoJloroB, pa60TaBHIHx
3Aecb B 1951 r. (E. M. BeJIHROB-
cRafl u Ap.).
IIepepa6oTHa cxeMbl [IeTBepTgu-
HoIi KOMHCCHeii (Main 1952 r.) IIpH-
Beiia K Heo6xoAHMOCTH ) eJIeHHII
IIeTBepTHIIHOH CHCTeMbi IIpimacnHH
Ha oTAeHILI, KaK 3T0 HMeeT McCTO B
HpeAeJlax JIeAHHKOBiIX o6JIaCTei4
PyccRoii paBHHHbI 1. H B03MOmHO-
CTH BbIAeJIeHHH OTAeJIOB epeAH Rac-
HHIiCRHX OTHOMeHHIi MbI BepxeMCfl
B o6uAeii 'jacTi pa60TbI. 3Aecb me
OCTaHOBHMCH Ha CTpaTHrpa( HH
IleTBepTHLIHbIX OCaWROB B IIpeAe-
Jlax HHmxero IIoBOJImba.
B aHHHCRHe 0TJIome-
H H fi. OTJIomeHHS C THIIHIIHOii 6a-
RHHcRO13 (ayHOIf no AoJIHHe BoHIrH
HMeIOTCf JIHHIb B paiIOHe ilepHoro
flpa (2 RM BbHue IIO TeIIeHHIO). Ba-
&wle[ RHHCRHe OTJIomeHHH H3BeCTHM TaR-
RyHUaR. HepeoTJlomelixyIO 4 ayxy
6aH14HCKOro o6JIHKa' H. A. IIpa-
BocJIaBJIeB (1903) OTMegaJ1 Ha ceBe-
po-3anawHoM 6epery aTOro o3epa, a B 1949 H 1951 rr. Ha6JIIoAaHiH TaIme H MMI.
BaHHHCRHe OTJIOmeHHH B paRoxe Zlepxoro ffpa IIpeACTaBJlexbl c ioFfe-
TbIMH rJIHHaMH cepbiX H 3eJleHOBaTmIx TOHOB C MHOro'IIIc3IeHHoIi (ayHOII Didacna
parvula N a 1., D. aff. parvula N a I., D. parvula - uepexoAHaa K
D. catillus E i c h w., Adacna plicata E i c h w., Monodacna caspia, D reissensia
rostri/ormis D e s h. XapaRTep HPHBeAeHHMX (opM BecbMa 6JIH30K K ~ayHe
HH3oB 6aiHHcxoro npyca TypEMeHHH H AHIIIepoHcRoro HoJlyocTposa, ecJIR
He CIIHTaTb He1OTOPbIX CB0006pa3HbIX RHJIeBaTbIX ~opM (Didacna Sp.), Tt-
rOTOIOMiix K rpyrne Didacna trigonoides P a 11. B HIHPOXOM ee noitn a-
HHH. Ha1IHIIHe B HHHtner HoBOJImbe (BacxyHLIai) xapa1Tepxblx Bepxxe6a-
KHHCKHX D. rudis N a 1. H 6JIH3RHX K HHM (1OPM AaeT OCHOBaHHe OTHOCHTb
rHIHHMI LlepHoro flpa K HH3aM 6aRIIHCKOro fpyca.
AOBOJIbHO BMIC0ROe rHuco eTpiiIIecioe HoiIomeHHe BTHX oTJIOmeHHH
B paloae Llepuoro flpa CBfi3aHO, 6e3yCJIOBHO, C MOCTHLIM (B03MOmHO, CoJIFl-
HOKyHOJIbHLIM) HOAHHTHeM, o IIeM CBHAeTeJIbCTBYCT H Ha6JIIOAaeMaH AHCJIo-
IIHpOBaHHOCTb CJIOeB. BbIme H HHme LIepHoro flpa, B 6eperoBbIX o6pbinax
BojirH, 6aKHHCKHe oTJlomeHHfl Hoxa He BCTpelieHhI H K ype3y BOAbI o6pblBa-
IOTCH yme 6OJIee MOJIOAble xaaapciHe H xBaJIhIHCKHe oTJIOHteHHfl.
1 CTpaT$rpa iHH IIeTBepTHIIHhIX OTJIo KeHHii H HOBe ima1 TeKTOHHKa rIpHKaCHHgcKOII
HH3MeHHOCTH. IIag. AKaj. HayK CCCP, 1953.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
AJIH HJIJIIOCTpagFILi HpYIBeJ;eM HecHOJIbxo xapaxTepHblx paapeaOB, oHH-
caHHbiX HaMH B 1951 ri 1954 rr.
B Hpa.BoM 6epery p. BOJIr1, HH?He Pai3ropoga, o6Ha?HaIOTCr (c Hr. 49):
1. Bypbie cyrJlnnxn (IIonna). MOIuFIOCTb 0,5 M.
Q3?2. rniiIbl IIJIOTHb1e, CJIOHCTLIe, moKo.maJ 11oro ABeTa; B OCHOBaHnn - npociioii nec a
(MOIuHOCTbIO 0,1-0,2 M) C c aynon Didacna protracta E i c h w., Monodacna
caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia rostriformis. MOIIkHOCTm 2 M.
CJIoI3 2 OTHOCHTCH, TaKHM o6pa30M, K XBBJILIHCKOMy Hpycy. HpocJFog necla
3a3IeraeT iiecor.IacHo IIa nOACTrJ1a1OII(HX OTJIOmceHHHX, 3anoinHHa KapMam it n Tpe-
MHHbI B nX IIOBepXHOCTn.
Q2 3. HOpsCTble ynJFOTHOIIable cyrJIgIIKn, peace CyneCn, naiieBoro ABeTa, JleccoBIJinoro
xapawTepa, IIeCJIOHCTble, Co c2IegaMH pa3Jlom HBmKXCH paCTenrYI. MOnuioCTb
6-7 M. Ilnm(e oiiH BecbMa nocTenenno oneCrIanlBaloTCa, nepeXOAH B CJIOI3 4.
> 4. HeCJIOnCTbie, IIHMe - KocoCJlonCTLIe HeCKH aJIJIIOBnaJmHoro Tnna. Mon[HOCTh
2-3 M.
CJIoil 3 o6bIgiio HMeHIyOTCII eaTeJILCKHMI CyrJI.rHKas1K> (CJIonMn), a CJIOH 4 -
B IIOFIHMaHHI CXOMbI LIOTBepTKLIHOH KOMHCCH11 (1953) - (igepHOHpCKKMK CJ1oHMn>i.
HOCJICAIine JleHm IIa pa3MbITOH IIOBOpXHOCT} IIOJ;CTlJIaIOnjlX oCaJ{KOB.
QZZ15. HOMHOBaTI.Ie CyrJIHHKr H KpaCHO-6ypbie rJIHHLI, C Apy3aMn rnnca, MOJIKKMK o61IoM-
KBMH KOCTeI33 H H3BeCTKOBHCTJIMn BKJIIO9eHHIIMn, nepeXOAnwne nnmce B HeHCHO-
C,AOKCTIIe 6ypbie H TOMIIO-Cepble PJIHIIbI, ewe mime IIepecJlaKBaioniKeen c ?KeJITOBa-
TbIMn IJIHHHCTbIMK neCKaMH. MOWHOCTb 3,5 M.
6. Hpoc ioIi 6ypoBaTO-mcOJITLIX rJInIIHCTbIX HeCKOB C McJIKHMK Gastropoda. Monk-
HOCTb 1 M.
7. F.osinbi CepbI0 H TOMIIO-Cepbie, mJIOTHble, CJIOHCTble. BnjKMac1 MOII rIocTb 6oJ1ee 5-'M;
yXOAHT Hog ype3 BOJ{UI.
BepxH CJIOFI 5, no y1OMIIHyTOIT
yxce CXOMe, OTHOC37ITCII Ic aCTpa-
XaHCH13M OTJIO?ic0IIHIIM, a Jieaica-
ll H nidllce ocajHH, BHJIIOLIan I3
CJIOI3 7, - H cmirrIJIbCHIIM OTJIO?iCO-
HI3F1M.
Hume no upaBOMy 6epery
BOJIrn, y t-Iepnoro f1pa (c Hr. 50 H
51), KMeeTCH CJleuyiomHil pa3pe3
(CBepxy):
Q3 Vl 1. Bypiae cyrJInnicK (nonaa). Moig-
IIOCTb 0,6 M.
>> 2. CJIOIICTble rJffiHbI moKOJIaAFIOrO
ABOTa C nOAIIHIIOIIIILIMH npOCJIOH-
Mn I'JIIIIHCTbIX IIecICOB. Mo11 s110 Tb
4 M.
> 3. HpocJioii KOCOCJIOHCTLIX HecicoB,
MOHZI-OCThIO0,5 M, c (iaylloii Didac-
na protracta E i c h w., D. eber-
sini F e d., Dreissensia polymorpha
P a 1 1., Dreissensia rostriformis
D e s h., 3a.neraioHiHl%i pe3Ko Heco-
rJiaCHO Ha pa3MbITOH IIOBepXHOCTH
BOJ(CTHJIaIOWHX ocaaion.
'Q2 4. 'YnJIorneiiIIaIe nOpHCTLIe JIe000BHA-
HLIe najieBble cyrJIKIIKK, nepexoAH-
WHe II me B CyHeCK CO CJIeAaMH
pa3JIoIKlBIBHXCn TpaBIIHHCTLIX paC-
TeIInis. HpOBJIII 3THX OTJIOMeHHH
HOCHT CJIeAb1 pa3pyineIlna. MOnj-
I1OCTb 1 ,5---2 y,. HHxce .i000OBH--
Jclinr. 50. Pa3pe3 npaBoro 6epera Boarrn
B,panone Llepaoro Ilpa
HLIe cynecn Conepinel-IHO 1-1e3aMeTFIO nepeXOAaT B CJ1015 5.
Q2 5-6. H0CKH CBeTJIO-mceJITbie, KBapuenbie, npno6peTaiowHe noCTenenno ropH30H-
TaJIbIIyIO, a ergo IIiIHCe (c ioii 6) - mocyio CJIOHCTOCTb ajijnonna.IILFloro Tnna ('iep-
HOnpCKHe cJIOn). MoilgnOCTL CJIOOB OT 5-6 go oicoalo 7 M.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
IDHr. 51. PagoH LIepxoro JTpa. XapaHTep 3aneraHHH MopcHHx xBaalbixcHHx
. moHwIaw IaIX rJiHH (a) Ha aTeJIbCHHx JIeCCOBHAHLIX CyraHHKax (6)
Qy 7. B 0CHOBaHHH HOCOCJIOHCTbIX HeCHOB McCTaMH OTMegeH IlpocJIOI OXpHCToro necita
H raJIbHH, HaH rJIHHHHOI3, o6pa3OBaBHIeIfCH OT pa3Mbma HOACTHJIaIou Hx UJIHH, TaH
H HaMeHHOIu, 3aJleraIOII[eII Ha CHJIbHO pa3MbITOIi HOBepXHOCTH HOACTHJIaIOigHx OTJIO-
HCeHHI3.
Q228. rJIHHaT H HecgaHHCTble raIHHLI TOHHOCJIOHC'rbie, cepbie. BHAHMaa MOHZHocm AO 5 M.
IDHr. 52. Pa3pea Jiesoro 6epera AxTy6bi
B paiioxe CT. AxTy6a
BBePX HO TegeHIIIO, B 2 KM
OT LIepxoro Hpa, rJinHbl cJIoa 8
HaJleraloT, co ciiegaMH pa3MhIBa,
Ha 6axmic fHe raffHbi (cjioi 9) c
c aynori Didacna parvula H Ap.,
ynte oullcaHHble HaMII Bbiuie. Hrn e
4epxoro Hpa 1OBCIOAy IlOI ype3
BOgLI YXORuT rJIIIHLI CJIOH 8
(cIIHrIIJIbcKlie). Bepxll eHHrI3JIb-
cKIIx r3IIIH Ha yuaCTKe BMXOJ;a
6axHHCKIIX OTJIOSnenHLI y sep-
Horo Hpa pa3MbITbr.
Ha IIpOTIIBOIIOJIOxCHOM 6epery
BOJD?KCHOII AOJIIIHbI, Ha JIBBOM 6e-
pery AXTy6bI, B 1 KM HH?Ke CTaH-
r rn AXTy6a, o6HamaIOTCSI
(corr. 52):
Q3? 1. CyrinHHHH 6ypbie (HorBa).
MOHZHOCTI. 0,6 M.
2. rJIHHhI CJIOHCTbie, HJIOTHbie,
moHOJIaAHoro I aeTa. MOHIHOCTb
5 M.
,> 3. rleciH rjIHHHCTbie, ?KeJITOBa-
Tbie, c ~ayHoHDidacna protracts
E i c h w., D. ex gr. paral-
lella B o g., Monodacna caspia
E i c h w., Dreissensia poly-
morpha, Dr, rostriformis. MoH--
HOCTb go 0,4 M. 3aileralOT Ha pa3MrIToI3 HOBepXHOCTH IIOACTHJIaIoUjHX ocaAHOB,
3aHOJIHHH KapMaHaI H TpeTRHHbI B IX HOBepXHOCTH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Qg 4. CyueCH JIeccoBHAIibie, CBeTJIo-narIeBble, HopIICTble (aTeJIMICHe), MOHiHOCTb 1 M.
11OCTerIeiIIIO HOPCXOAFIT B cJIOH 5.
5. RecHH KBaprieBble, GBOTJlbIO, HococJlorcTble, peilHOro xapanTepa (*IepiiOapCKHe
CJIOH). MOHIHOCTb 2 M. 3aiieraiOT Ha pa3MbITOH loBepXHOCTri InOAGTHIIaiomHX OT-
JIOHteHHIi.
Q2Z 6. RoMKOBaTbie HpaGHOBaTO-6ypble CyrJIHI-IKH C KPHCTaJIJIaMH rnnca (aCTpaxaHCKHe
CJIOH). Moo i-rocTm 0,5 M.
7. r3IIIHbI H cyrJIIIUKH 6ypr x II CCpuIX TOIIOB, nepexojoir rie HHHte B CJIOHCmie TOMHO-
cepbie rr I1IFI. MOHiIIOCTb 6o.nee 6 M.
i> 8. IICCKH HOCOCJIOHCTble CBCTJIbIO C Unio sp., yXOJ3HII(He nOA ype3 BOAm. BHAHMari MoiA-
HOCTb 1 M.
Pa3pe3, OTMe'IeHHbIH y AXTy6bI H
z-Iepxoro Hpa (xpoMe 6ainiI-ICI{Hx
CJIoeB), xopoIIIO Hpocnen IBaeTci1
BH93 no Borire, no ee ripanoMy 6e-
pery.
Ha upaBOM 6epery BorirIf, B 2-
2,5 um Bbime C. HHICOrbcl{oro (cjrnr.
53 H 54) cBepxy BHH3 o66HalTcaIOTCIi:
Qhv2 1. CyICCH H Jierine cyrJIHHKH (aJHo-
3
BHII). MOMHOCTm 1,5 M.
a) 2. RecKH rjIH iiicmie, HfoJiTOBaTbie, c
I OCJIOIIMH HOprcI[IOBbix rJIHIi.
MOBA[IOcTb 0,3-0,4 M.
)> 3. IIeCKR CJIOHCTbIO Ii HOCOCJIOHCTLIe,
MOIIIHOCTbIO 0,3-0,5 M, o nPOCJIO i-
MH paryiuw Didacna ex gr. praetr-
igonoides N a I., D. parallella
B o g., D. protracta E i c h w., 11
Adacna plicata E i e h w., Dreis- hZ
sensia distincta A n d r a s. (ripe- Q
0611agaOT). Ileum aaaeralOT Heco- 2
1'JlacHO IIa pa3MbITOFI HOBepXIIOCTH
riot{cTHZaioir MX c.eoeB.
Qg 4. CynrIHIIKH 6ypbie, ]IOpHCTble, o6- --_ 12
pa3YIOQIHC OTBOC[n,Ie CTOHKH, IIe-
cJIOHCTbIo (JICCCOBHAable), npeAcraB-
JIHIOII(IIO 3JIIOBHFi IIOACTHJIaIO:gHX HO-
poA. MoHiHOCTb oKOJIo 0,3-0,5 M.
Qh'15 I'dTniial CJIOIICTGIe, 1iOKOJIaAHbIIe, C ~O.BO//Z4
3
HPOCJIOIIMH MOZITOBaTbIX rJIH1IH-
CTbIX IICCKOB, KOTOp1,I0 B III33aX CO- (Diu. 53. Pa3pe3 11paBOro 6epera Bowiris
AepxtaT (payHy Didacna ebersini B paiOile c. IIHKOJIbcIcoro
Fed.,Dreisstnsia polymorpha Pall.
(Hpeo6JiaAaeT).
13 ociOBaIInH IIpOCJIeH 'IBaeTCJI IIpoc for Iiecia, MOnWHOCTbIO OKOJIO 0,1 at, 3aJre-
raIOTIiIIli Ha pa3M1.ITOri IIOBCPXHOCTH IIOACTHJ[alon Hx OTJIOHtOHHH. 06HiaH MOI1 }IOCTb
CJIOH 2-2,5 M.
Qg 6. Cyr.THiIr i 6ypoBaTO-HiOJITble, IIaJIeBGIe, HOpHCTble, JIeCCOBHAH&Ie. Moa riOCTb OKOJIO
1,5-2 M. IIH}ICE OHH IIOCTOIICIIIIO nepeXOAHT B cyriecri, a 3aTeM B IIecKH.
H 7. ROCIM CJIOHCTbie, CBOTJIO-ateJITble, G MOJIKHM I'PaBHOM B OCHOBaHriH, 3aJleraIOT Ha pa3-
MbITOII rOBCpXIIOCTH IIOACTHJIaIOHiHx OTJIOi1eIIHH. MOMIIOCTb 0,5-1 M.
>) 8. CyrewumHJIOTIIbie MOJneOHOpHC'rble, JIeGCOBHAIIJIe, MOIIiHOCTbIO go 0,7 M, HepeXOAH-
HiHe IIHH10 BOCbMa HOCTOHCIIIIO B CyHeCH H naIJreBamie HeCKH.
)) 9 RocKH CJIOHCTi.Ie H ItOCOCJIOHCTI,Te, CBOTJIO-1KCJITble, MOHOHOCTbIO ono.eo 0,6 at, 3a;reraIOT
Pe3KO HecorJIaCHo iIa pa3M1)IT0d HOBCpXHOCTH HOACTIIJIaIoigHx OTJIOMOHH13, 3aHOJI-
iiHH noliixteiIHe MHxpope.nbe(J)a (KapMallbl, TpeuiHHaI).
Qhe 10. CYrJIHIIItH
2 TBHtCJIbIO, KOMKOBaTMIG I-IOCJIOHCTble, KPacHo-6YPbie C KPHCTaJIJIaMH
riuca (KOpa BIIBCTpHBaHIHH IIOACTHaaIOHiHX OTH HteIIHIi), nepexorirrne HH?He
B c aoii 11. MoJI JIocTb 0,3-0,4 M.
>) 11. RepeciiaHBarolloseca Cy['JIHHKH H CyHOCH ?HeJITo-6yporo ABeTa. MomfloeTb OKOJIO
5-7 M.
12. RecriH rJIHHHCTbIO, McJIKOBOJIIIHCTOII CJIOHCTOCTH, C TOHKHMH IIpOCJIOHMH Cepbrx rJIHII.
MOITiHOCTb 3--4 M.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Qh, 13. HecHH CBeTJIble, CJIOHCTble, MOHIHOCTbIO McHee 1 M, 3aJIOraIOT Ha pa3MbITOH HOBepx-
fl 14. 1'JIHHbI nJIOTHbie, CJIOHCTbie, TeMHo-cepble. BHAHMaa MOIAHOCTJ. of ono 2-3 M.
YXOAHT nOA ype3 BoAbr.
1nr. 54. 06pbiB npaBoro 6epera Bwirn B par3orie c. HH o.7JLcI oro. CBepxy
MOpCHne - XBaabiHcHHe rJIH mI, H09CT1JIaeMble aTeJIbcKHMa cyI'JIHHHaMH.
B OCHOBaHHn pa3pe3a - nJIOTHble CI4HPHJILCKne rJIHHLI HH3OB xa3apcKoro
Hpyca
B paCCMOTpeHHOM pa3peao Heo6XOg14MO OTMeTITTb, BO-HepBbIX, HaJIHIII3e
jjBYX MOPCKHX XBaJlbIHCKHX rOpM3OHTOB C (f)ayllOLI, pa3AeJleHHbIX Ha3eMHbIMH
OTJIO?xeH14AMIi, BO-BTOpbIX, - CJIO?KHOe CTpoeHIIe KOHTHHOHTaJIbHOI3 (aTeJlb-
CKOII) TOJIHIH, rjje Ha6JIIOJ;aIOTCn ABa 3Taria aHHyMyJIHIZI4H ajIJIIOBT3a, COIIpo-
BO?KJ[at)H[HXCH HaKOHJieITMeM cycJIHIIHOB, 14, HaRoReg, B-TpeTLMX, HecorJlacxoe
3aJleraHHe j[peniicI aJIJ1IOBHaJIbHOI3 CBHTmI, 3aHeraIOHjeIi Hllxce Hpacxo6y-
pblX (aCTpaXancEnx) CyrJIHHHOB, Ha ci4IIrffJIbCHr4X rJIIIHax.
HpOCJIe?It'I4Ban 3TOT Pa3pe3 11H113 HO IIpaBOMy 6epery BoJIrl, OTMeTIIM
BecbMa HHTepecHOe O6Ha?KdH110 Y Aep. KOHaIIOBKII (1-1,5 KM BbIHIe AepeBHH).
3gecb o6HaxcaIorcH (41r. 55):
QhVI. lileJJTO-6ypb]e cyrJ]HHHH (HOgaa). MOHIIrOCTT. 0,5 M.
2. FJIHHbI HJIOTHble, CJIOHCTbre, mo1OJIaAHoro IIBeTa, C HOALIHHeHHbIMH HpoCJIOHMH rJIH-
HHCTb1X necHOB, B I(OTOpb]X (a Ta1OH B rJ]HHax) BcTpe4aeTCH )aylla MOJIJIIocxoB:
Didacna protracta E i c h w., D. sp., Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia
polyrnorpha P a 1 1., Dr. rostriformis D e s h. MouzHOCTb PJIHH AO 4 M. OHM 3aJie-
raIOT Hecor.lacno Ha HOACTHJIaIOH(Hx ocaAKax.
Q3 3. HeCKH KoCOCJIOHCTb]e 1, HBapgeBbie, cBeTJible, C TOHgaiiHIHMH npon.HacTxaMH oxce-
Jle3HeHHI1X ynJloTHeHHaIx neCHOB. I1eCKH B1JIIO'1aIOT B ce6H McJIxyIO raJlbHy H oua-
TaHHylo paxyluy Didacna pallasi P r a v., D. bogatschevi P r a v., Monodacna,
Adacna, Paludina (viviparus), Corbicula fluminalis M ii 1 l., Dreissensia rostri-
ormis, Dr. %elekeniea A n d r u s., Planorbis.
s 4. Hn3y 3TH neclH r[OCTeneHHO TlepexoAHT B TarHe me HOCOCJIOICTble xonrJloMepaTM,
BKJIIoealonjne 6oJIbmOe ROJIHgeCTBO raJILIH n paxymH, CpeAH xoTOpoII, HpoMe OT-
McYeH)Iblx Bbime (JopM, BcTpetIaIOTcs Didacna ex gr. i:elekenica F e d., D. subpyrami-
data P r a v. , D. ex gr. crassa E i c h w. (6nH3xaa H D. nalivkini W a s s.). Cop-
1 McCTaMH Ha HHX coxparIHJIHCb OT pa3Mbrna aTeJIbc1He JleccoBHAHbre CyrJIHHKH Ta-
Horo me xaparTepa, KaH H Blame Ho TegeHHlo.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Q2z5.
> 6.
T1poBHa MaTepHaiia wioxaa, B ocxoaaHI3FI - rpy6rii r aaeIHHHOBbII3 HourJloMepaT,_
3aneraioHjHIi Ha CHJIbno pa3MbITOn 1IOBepXHOCTI3 H0JjCTHBaIOHjHX oTJIOHteHHI3. MoHj
ROM cBloeB 3 H 4 JjocTHraeT 3-3,5 M.
HomRoBaTble HpacHoaaTo-6ypble rjiHHbI MOHjHOCTbIO oxoiio 0,5-1 M.
Adacna plicata E i c h w., Mono-
dacna caspia E i.e h w. HHaxe
BMOCTe C I1HMH BCTpeYaIOTCJI MOJI-
HHe TOIIHH0 CTBOpHH Didacna ex
gr. pallasi P r a v. Rimy rJIHHTl
Hpxo6peTaI0T 6oJlee 6ypbl%i ABeT H
3aTeM IIOCTeneIllmo nopeXOJjHT B
u aeJIc,Halgaii c ioii.
>) 7. FaHHmI TOMIIO-Cepble c nogA jisHeHHbI-
M13 HpOCJIOHMH PJIHHIICTLIX HeCHOB.
(Daylia: Didacna pallasi P r a v.,
m8.
nodacna caspia, Adacna plicata,
Micromelania. BoJIbIHHHCTBO c OpM
HpeJjCTaBJ10II0, napiIblMH CTBOpI#a-
MH, XapalTepH3yIOHjHMHCH XpyH-
KOCTb10 H MaJIbimH pa3Mepaii.
M011j11OCTm CJIOeB 6 H 7 OROJIO
4-4,5 M.
IIecHH HBapl(eBUIe, CBeTJI0M0aTble,
c ~ayoioil: Didacna pallasi P r a v.,
D. subpyrarnidata P r a v., D. bo-
gatschevi P r a v'., Monodacna
caspia E i c h w., M. edentula
P a 1 1. , Adacna pl i ca to E i c h w.,
Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1.
IIecHH yxOg2T Hoii ype3 Boubl,
3JSecb iiO06XOJjHMO OTMOTHTb HOCHOJILICO Ba?HHbIX OCO6eIIHOCTeII. B peiI-
HbIX (TIepnofipCI#HX) necitax (cjioii 3) H piiximIX I#oxriIOMepaTax (CJioii 4),
HpOMe HpeCIIOBOJ[HOH (J)ayllbl, HPHCyTCTByIOT HepeOTJIO?HeHHble HaCHHHCHH&
palcOBHHbI, BbIMbITbIo I{aII H3 HOACTHJIa1OII[HX rJIHH, Tali H, BHJlHM0, H3 6OJiee
JjpeBHHX 0TJIO?HOII14II. HOI#OTOpble H3 HHX 6JIII3I#H I# 1-IH?ICHeXa3apcIC4M Didacna
ISaeica3CIioPo Ho6epeH#bfl. HeCI#OJIb1#O BbIIH0 HO Te'eHHIO B 1954 P. yj aiIOCb
Ha6JIIOJjaTb, gITO pLIXJIbIiI I#000CJI0HCTbIf 1#OBFJIOMepaT C aToII CJ)ayIIOII 3aJIe-
raeT MOM AY F0pn30IITaMH I#0C0CJIO14CTbIX aJIJIIOBHaJIbIIbIX HeCIfoB. HaiiriIH&
HpeCHOBOJ[IIOH (pe'snoil) (Jayllbi MOJIJIIOCHOB BMOCTe C HePCOTJIO?I#OHHbIMH
ICaCHHIICICHMH paI#013HIIaMH B CaMOM i#OIIPJIOMepaTe 1103B0JIFICT paCCMaTpH-
BaTb H er0 IiaH ocajjoH aJIJIIOBIIajibHoro Hp0HCX0?I#qeHHH, a IIO3TOMy IIaXO-
JjHMbie 3Jjocb Didacna He HMOIOT CTpaTHI'pa()HLIeCI#Oro 3HaueHHH H He MOFYT
CJIY?HHTb OCHOBaHHOM gan OTIIOCCI3HII yI#a3aHHbIX 0TJI0?HOH13H H HH7I#HOXa-
3apcl#HM. HanpoTliB, CaM (Jial#T 3aJICralhn HepeoTiio?i#eIIHOIi HH?HHeXa3ap-
CI#oII (f ayHbl BMOCTC C potnibiMH paHOBHIIaMH B TOJBHje aJIJIIoBHaJIbHbIX OTJIO-
H#eHHI3 OHpeJjeJieIIIno yI#a3blBa0T Ha 60JI0e MOJIOJjOII'I303paCT TOJIH[H - BOpXHe-
xa3ap0HHII.
B rJIHHax (caoIl 7), HpOCJIeiT#eIllibIX HaMH OT palIOHa Hepxoro Hpa H HH-
HOJIbCHOrO H HMOHyCMbIX o6hITIHo CHHrHJIbcI{HMH CJIOHMH, BCTpeqeHa i#aCHHH-
cHaH c aylla MOJIXIOCI#OB. XapaHTep 3TOH (ayHbl H COHOCTaBJIOI111e ee c c ay-
HOII HHN#Hexa3apCI#HX Teppac iiaBHa3CHOrO H06epeAMH R03BOJIFIOT yBepeHHO-
OTHOCTH 3TH CJIOH I# IIH3aM xa3apcHOro npyca.
OCTaHOBHMCFI eHje IIa pa3pe3e' IIpaBoro 6epera BoJIri B palloHe BJIaJjH-
MHp0Ba, HH?He EHOTaeBCna ((Hr. 56). 3Jjecb o6Ha?i#aloTCn (CBepxy):
Q3?'1. IIecHH HOCOCJIOHCTJ,Ie, nbIJIeBaTble (nepeBesHlIble), CBeTJIO-6ypaIx H axeJITbIX TOHOB.
HHHay COJjepaxaT McJIHyIO railbny H rpaBiIi3. MOHWHOCTL H0JIe6JIeTCII OT 1 90 4 M.
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03
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
^Qhv22. HeCHH MOJITble, C IayHOH Didacna ex gr. praetrigonoides N a 1., D. barbot-de
marnyi G r i m m, Dreissensia polymprpha P a 11. MolgxocTb go 1 M. HHme JIHHHH
pa3MbIBa He Otlelib pe3Haa, HO BIIOJIHo OTgeTJIHBaH.
3. CyneCH H JIersHe CyrJIHHHH, 6ypble, HeCJIoHCTI.Ie (Ha3eMHoro xapaKTepa). MOIAHOOM
0,5 M.
'Q3 v,4. rlepecJIaHBaHHe CBeTJIO-6ypblx is moHOJIa)Hblx rJIHH H rJIHHHCTmIX necftoB C I)ayHo i
Didacna protracta E i c h w., D. ebersini F e d., Monodacna caspia, Adacna
sp., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1. MoigHocm 2-2,5 M. C HCHbIMH CJIeAarH paa-
MbIBa OHH aa.IeraloT Ha IIOACTHJIaIOIIZHx oTJIOH(eHHHx.
Qs 5. Cynecn JleccOBHAHbie (aTeJIbcHHe),
cBeTJIo-6ypble H TeMHO-naJleBble,
h$8 HoCTeneHHo nepexogfiM e B nog-
QJ '_ ?_'w., cTHJIaIOIAHe oTJIO?HeHHH. Mo14HOCTb
> 6. IIecHH CJIOHCTble, HHHie Hoco-
?
hVj 'mac; ~,
CJIOHCTLIe, CBeTJIO-naneBble, MOIgHO-
4J CTbIO 4-4,5 M; 3aJleraloT Ha CHJIb-
HO pa3MbITOId noBepXHOCTH HHHie-
JlexiaWHx cnoeB.
_
off I 4 QI Z2 7. HepecJlaiBaaie yuJIOTHenablx
TeMHO-McJITmIx rJIHHHCTmIx neCHOB
alhZZ McJIHOBOJIHHCTOI3 CJIOHCTOCTH H 6y-
42 pbix ram. rlpocJloH necHOB tlacTo
~~? yTOJIIAaIOTCH, o6pa3ya JIHH3iI 90
10-20 CM MOU[HOCTbIO. OHH CO-
1 i c h w. (npeo6JlaAaeT), D. sp.
(HpynHSle IIJIOCHne iopMbl, 6Jlnaxge
d~Z H D. subovalis P r a v. H H D.
Q
a surachanica Andrus.), D. ex gr.
?m`, crassa E i c h w., Adacna plicata
hE, r`9 ex gr. pallasi P r a v., Dreissen-
BOnPd corJIacna c nogcTHJIaroJgHMH o6-
pa3oBaHHHMH HOT.
cpnr. 56. Pa3pe3 upanoro 6epera Bourn
B pallone EHOTaeBCHa
8. FJInHbI HOMHOBaTble, HpaCHoBaTO-
6ypble, cogepxiauuHe Apy3bI H CTH-
HieHHH mica, nOCTeneHHO nepexo-
AHT B CJIOI3 9. MoiI HOCTc. 0,5 M.
Q2Z19. rJIHHbl IIJIOTHble, CJIOHCTmIe, TeMHO-Cepble, B BepxHeIs tlaCTn CJIOH coAepHiaigHe HpH-
CTaJIJIbi rnnca. B rniaax BcTpeuena iayHa: Paludina, Corbicula f luminalis M u 1 1.
Unio, Sphaerium, Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Adacna, Monodacna.
MOHIHOCTb 2 M. FJIHHbI CMeHHIOTCH BHH3 necHaMH cuuoa 10.
> 10. r1eCHH HieJITMx TOHOB, BHA1IMOI3 MOIIRHOCTbIO )[o I M.
3Aecb HaJo o6paTHTb BHHMaHle Ha ABa BaHCHbIX 06CTOHTeJIbcTBa. Bo-
nepBbIx, B AaHnOM pa3pe3e IIPI3CYTCTByIOT BCe CJIOH, OTMetIeHHble BbIIHe IIO
TetIeHIIIO (i pOMe 6aISHHcHax B I-IepHOM Hpy). e3TO cBepxy BH143: xBamIbIlIcEffe
ciioi3 (1-4), aTeJibcrnie (moil 5), gepiionpcEHe (cJioi3 6), aoTpaxancutie (talon
8), cHHrHJILCICge (cJioii 9-10). Bo-BTOpbix, IIOHBJI$IIOTCH HOBble KOMIIJIeICCbI
ocaAnon. Tax, Ha Ha3eMHLIx o6pa3OBaHUHX (CJIOii 3), Ccr)opMnponaHHEIX Ha
HpOBJle xBaJILIHCHHX monoJIagHMIX rjiHH, 3aiieraIOT cHOBa MOpCHIIe Hecrns
C XBaJIbIHCICOI3 c ayHOH. CHegoBaTe3ImHO, 3Aecb TaH?Ee HMeIOTCH ABa ropn3oHTa
c MopCHOii xnaJlbmcnon I ayHoii, OTMOtIeHHLIe HegaBHO B paiioHe Immi OI3
BOJIrn n CeBepo-3anaRHoro Hpiniacrnsn 10. 3. BpoIHIM H M. B. BapaH-
AeeBOH (Hapan1 eeBa, 1951), - HIIHCHexBaJlbIHcicnl3 H BepxHeXBaJmIHCICni.
R IIepBOM3 H3 HHX OTHOCHTCH mmojia)Hble rJIIIHLI, a HO BTOPOMY - IIeenH.
Ha3eMHbie o6pa3oBaHHfi (cHIoIi 3), 3asIeraIo ne Me}R HIMH, 10. 3. Bpor-
Iini"a H M. B. RapaHAeeBa upeAJIommin Ha3bIBaTb eHOTaeBC}C4MH CJIOf1MFI.
CJie){yIOII[nM HHTOpeOHbIM MOMOHTOM fiBJIneTCII BHHHH1BaHHO Me?n y tiep-
HDIpcnnMII (cHioi3 6) n aCTpaxaHCKHMH (csio 8) BOHTIHeHTa2ibHLIMn OTJIO-
neHHJIMI3 MOPCICHX ocagHOB (CJIOI3 7) C c ayHOnn, THrOTeIOIL(eYI HO BTOPOIT IIOJIO-
BnHe xa3apcnoro Bexa. 3aneraioIgi3e nIixie HpacHO-6ypble ICOMifonaTbie cy-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
rJIHHKH (acTpaxaxcICHe CHOH), HeCMOTpH Ha CB010 MaJiyio MOHIHOCTb, BecbMa
xapaKTepHbl BO BCOX OHHCaIIIIbiX IIaMH pa3pe3ax H FIBJIHIOTCH npeupaCHbIM
MapRHpyIOII[HM FOpH3OHTOM. B 1954 r, mm o6Hapy;KHJig Hx H B 6aime Cyxaa
MeueTxa, CeBepHee CTaJIHIirpaga, rRe i{ Hx KpoBJie npHypotiena cTOnHxa
naJIeoJIHTHgIecHOrO BpeMeHH, HOTOpyI0 C. H. 3aMFITHHH gaTHpyeT KaK 3pe-
JIoe MyCTbe.
HonTOMy, ocHOBbIBacIcb Ha pa3pe3e HOHaIIOBUH, TOJIIBy Tau Ha3blBae-
MbIX CHHrIIJIbCKHX FJIHH II 3aHleraIOwHX BLune I{paCH0-6ypbIX 3arHHCOBaHHUIX
-cyrJIHHHOB Hago OTHOCHTb K HH3aM Xa3apc oro mpyca.
IIpHBeAeM ewe O71HH pa3pe3, 3alHCaHHbILI HaMH Ha CeBepO-3aIIagHoM
?6epery o3, BacicyHqax (cBepxy BHH3):
1. Gyneex copbre, 3arnricoBarlllbie (IIOYBa). Mo iroCTb 1,2 M.
2. II.pocJIoIi H3 Apy3 rrrnca. MowHOCTb 0,2 M.
3. IIeCrH TOIIR03epIIH0Tble, nceJITble. MOIAIIOCTb 0,3 M. IIOCJIe ne1Jciio i JIHHHH pa3MfIBa
3aJleralOT:
?Q3 V4. rJIHHbI TeMIIO=HIo1OJIaAIIble, B Bepxax HOMHOBaTble, HHnie - CJIOHCTble, HepeXOARBIHe
ewe HHMe B IlepOCJla1BaIIHO InoxoJIagnbIX raHII H r.iHIIHCTbIX HecxoB. LDayna: Di-
dacna protracta E i c h w. (peAico), Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Dreissensia
polymorpha P a 1 1., Dr. rostri f ormis D e s h, B ocnonaHHH CJIOH BCTpeuaIOTCH TOJIb-
Ho MEJIKHO Monodacna. MOIIlHOCTb XBaJIbIHCKOfI TOJIII[H (c io h 4) Ao 7 M.
,La.iee - pe3Kan JIHHHFI pa3MbIBa.
?Q2 Z' 5. 1IecnH KpyHHO3epHHCTble, Co it e6eHICOI3' H IIJIOXO OKaTaHnoll rajibioh H o6JIOMHaMH
(pence AeJIbIMH CTBopxaMH) MaccnBIIbIX parOBnIr. llaCTb K3 IIHX npeACTaBJIena
crOQleHHbIMH 4ropMaMH, 6JIH3HHMH x D. subrudis P r a v., D. ex gr. carditoides
A n d r u s. (no 11. A. IIpanoeJIaBJIeny). IIpoMe Toro, BCTpeire1bl D. subpyramidata
P r a v., D. suberassa P r a v., D. bogatschevi P r a v., D. ex gr. crassa H i c h w.
(o6sioMKH ICpyHHbIX MacciBHbIX paTOBnH), D. paracrassa P r a v., Dreissensia
polymorpha P a 1 1. (xpynllbie). IIpeo6Jlaaailne cpeAH nepennc.neinmix paxoBHli
06JIOMKOB H OKaTaIIIIIAX CTBOpOK yKa3IIBaCT IIa nX nOCJIeAyIOIIIHh pa3MbIB, 0 HeM
TaKnce I'OBOpFT peAKHe Paludina, BCTpe'IellHbIO 3AeCb ice. LITO xaCaeTCa o6JInna He-
pe1IHCJIelmo}I4 ayHf>I, TO xapanTep 6oJIbrI11nCTBa ~OpM y1a3brBaeT CICopee Ha HH>xHe-
Xa3apCxHu, IOM Ha Bepxuo5aKHHCKwn B03paCT. BHAnMan MOIIwOCTb CJI01I 5 cocTaB-
JIHeT 2-4 M.
O6o6wHM MaTep.HaJI 110 CTpaTHrpa(IIH I4acnHYIcICFtx OCaJ HOB .HH?KHero
IIOBOJDIthn (Ha yHaCTIdO HH}ICe IHpaCHoapMeYlcua), qTO oco6eHH0 Heo6xogHMo,
'TaH Kali CTpaTHTpa4IIHH HeTBepTHLIHbIX OTJIO}ueIIHII 3HagHTOJIbHOH HaCTH CeBep-
.Horo HpHuaCHHfI CTPOHTCH HaCTO Ha 6a3e pa3pe3a no HHmHeH BOJIre. 3TO,
KOHelIHO, cOBepIIIe1IHO oIIJI16ogHbII3 npIOM, Tau Hau HeIOTOpLIe KOMHJIeKCbI
?ocaAuoB o6yCJI0BJICIIbI gOHTOJIbIIOCTbIO BOJIri II He HMeIOT noBCeMecTHOro
pacnpoCTpaHeHI ri. B Hepllylo otIepep K Tal{HM ocar1rzaM OTHOCHTC}I pegHb1e
4 necim.
CTpaTHrpa4 nHecKll Bbime 6aIHHCICHx oTJloHceHHiI, o6Hasl{al0wnxCH TOJIbxo
y IIepHoro Hpa I, B goJIHHe HHHuie11 BOJIrH IHIIpOICo pa3BHTa ToJIII[a rJIHHII-
CTbIX, pealce neCHaIIO-rimHIICTmIX OTJIOMeHIIR, TOMHBIX, 06bILIHO CepbIX TOHOB.
3Ta TonIwa Ha BCeM HpOTFI?ueIIHH HH91{e LIepnoro Hpa H BbIme go HpacHoap-
Mcricifa, a TaroTce Ha JIOBOM 6epery AXTy6bI YXOJZHT HO,L ype3 BOgbI. BblHie
,rep. HOIIaHOBHH 3A0Cb BCTpCLIaeTCFI TOJIbIO npeCHOBOJ[HaH 4iayHa, xapaK-
TepH3yI0I4afI Tau?I{e BOPXH TOJIIHH Ha BCeM ee HpOTFI?ueHHH. JIHHIb B HII3ax
TOJIw1 Y I- onaIroBI{FI BCTpOHOHa COJIOHOBaTOBo Haft 4f ayna HHalcHexa3apciOro
o6JIHKa.
Yua3aHHaiT nails{a ocaguoB, oTMeueHllau ewe H. A. IIpaBocnaBJleBbiM
.(1908) Hau HJIbMero-6oJI0TIIbie 11 AeJIbTOBble 0TJIO?KeHHH CHHr1IJIbCK0P0 Flpyca,
.Z[OJIuHa 6bITb OTHeceIIa, IIa OCHOBaHIHII H3J1oueHHOP0 MaTepHaJla, K H143aM
1 1Io JI,aiIHbim 6ypenrn, 6aruIICrfre 0TJI0n{enHI 3aJIeraIOT Ha rJIy61He OT HeeROJIbI.HX
.MeTpOB AO HeCrOJIM-WX AeCIITrOB MOTPOB OT ype3a BOJIrn, HO ee AOJIHHe HHMe tlepHoro
flpa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
xa3apcxoro apyca, a He H BepxaM 6arHHcxoro, RaK IIpeAJxo)RIIJIH M. M. ;RyROB:
(1945) II LIeTBepT igHan ROMHCCHH (CTpaTIIrpa( Hn..., 1953). B 3TOM y6emgaer
Hac H HapaJIJIeJIH3agwa pa3pe3a no HH?ICHeA BOJire c RaBHa3cRHM H BOCTOg-
HbxM 6eperaMH HacUIIH.
HpacHOBaTo-6ypbxe 3arHucosaxxble ROMHOBaTble rHIHHLI H cyrnnHHRH (aCTpa-
xaHCRHe cJIoH), JIe RaigHe IIOBepx cHHrHJlbcHHx l HpeI CTaBJxuuou[ge ocaARH,
C< OpMHpOBaHHble, BepoFITHO, B ROHTHHeHTaJlbxbxx yc.U0BIIax cyxoro (?) II map-
ROPO RJIHMaTa, HO-BIIAIIMOMy, Taume AOJIMHE 6EITb OTHOCeHTI IC HH3aM xa3ap-
CROPO npyca, XOTH IIOHHOI3 yBepeHIIOCTH y Hac B 3TOM HeT.
CHHrHJIbcRIIe n aCTpaxaHCRIIe OCaARH MoHCHO coIIOCTaBJIHTm c HFimHe-
xa3apCHIIMH aJiJIloBHaalbHO-AennbTOBLIMII OTJIOHCeHHHMH Ilpa-Amy-gapbi
3anaAHOg TypRMeHHII H C HInRHexa3apcRHMH (rlopraHCHHMH) OTJIOHCeHHHMH
ICaBHa3CHoro IIo6epeaCba.
BecEMa xapalTepHLie B pa3pe3e cBeTJlbxe iepHonpcicHe ROCOCJIOIICTLIe
IIeCRH, neHCanlHe Ha pa3MEITOx3 IIOBepxHOCTH aCTpaxaHCiCHx cJIoeB, IIpeA-
cTaBJIHIOT c060A pegxbxe OTJIomeHHN BoJIrH yaice B ICOHI;e xa3ap-
c oro Bella. .IIoATBepHCAeHHeM 3TOr0 cJIy?ICaT IIecgaxo-rJIIIHIICTbxe ocaARR
6ypoBaTbxx TOHOB, c Cf)ayxoIi BepxoB xa3apeRoro Flpyca, 3aHIeraiouAHe B pag-
oHe BJIajHMHpoBa H EHOTaeBCHa IIoA gepiloapcRHMH IIeciaMH, Ha Rpaciro-
6ypblx acTpaxaxcrrx cyraHHHax.
Bikune no TegeHI3Io BOJIrl, y HoIIaHOBRII, < IepHoHpcICIIe oTJIOHCeHIIn>,
Talcxce pegHoro xapaRTepa, HecxoWlbHo cileMelITHpoBaHHble, coAepxcaT xpOMe
IIpecHOBOAHOR < ayHbl MOJIJIIOCHOB, IIepeoTJIoHCeHHLIe paROBIIHhT Didacna ua
HH301B xa3apclCoro npyca (JIeHCaigero TaM B ocxoBaHHH pa3pe3a).
Ha Me1ICAypegbe BoJirH H Ypanla iepHonpcHHe neCICII OTCyTCTByIOT H aTeJlb-
CICHe Ha3eMHEIe CyIIOCH H CyrmIIIHICH JIolICaTCa HenocpenCTBeHHo Ha 6OJIee
ApeBHHe (acTpaxaHCHO-cHHrIIJ1EcEHe) nopo.bx. AHa.IoraMH gepHOnpCICHX
CJIoeB B AO?IHHe Ypaiia (CM. BLIIHe) gBJIHIOTc.,i ann2IIoBHaaLHbxe ROCOCJIOI1CTbie
IIecrn.
He McHee xapalcTepHbI AJIH AoJIHHbx BornrH JxeCCOBHAHbie cyneCH H cy-
r3I1HxH (aTeJIbcHHe CJIOH), BeHgaiomHe gepHonpcJHe aiiHIIOBI3aJxbHbxe IIeCRH.
OHH BecbMa IIIHpORO pacllpoCTpaxeHLx He TOJIhEO no HHHCHeii Boare, HO H R
pHAe palioxoB CeBepHoro IIpIRacnHf, B TOM llLC11e H B AOJIHHe YpaJIa. 3TH
oca,xl3 IIpeAcTanJInIOT co6o i Ha3eMHble o6pa3oBaHHa, CCJopMIIpOBaHHble,
BeponTHO, B yCJIOBHHX npoxnIa)Horo ICJIIIMaTa, Ha tITO y}Ca3bxBaeT IPayHaa
MJxeHoIIInTaloigux, BcTpegalon anca B 3THx cyriiHHICax (Elephas primigenius H
ApyrIIe xoJIogonIo6IIBble (opMbx), a TaRme IIbIJibga xBOAHblx AepeBbeB Tae}IC-
HorO THIla (PpwlyR, 1952, 1954). BecbMa xapaRTepeH HoCTelieHHblu IIepexoA,
B aTeJIbCKHe JleccoBIIAHble cynecH H CyFJIHHRII IIOACTHJIajOHgHx gepxonpc1CHx
pegHbxx ICOCOCJIOIICTbIX IIeCROB.
HpoBJia aTOJIbcIIIx JIeCCOBHAHIJX cynecex3 II cyrnxHHICoB o6bxgxo pacTpec-
RaHa H IIo}CpbITa gaCTO yIIJIOTHeHHog 6ypoBaTOx3 ROpROfi. McCTaMH Ha6JIIO-
AaIOTCn Mep3JHOTxble ICJIIIHbn, pacceRaxoigHe BepxH 3THx CyrJiHxICOB.
XBa2xbHicRHe OTJIOHCeHIII, 3aHHMaioll[He IIORpoBHOe HoJIOSReHHe, HaH6o-
Jiee mupoEO paCllpoCTpaxeHJI B HHHCHeM IIOBOJD Ebe. Bblme c. HIIROJrbcRorG
pa3BHTa ejgHan, BecbMa xapaRTepxan Alin HwHHeI3 BoJIrii Torni a moRoJIa--
Hblx rJIHH, IIOAcTHJxaeMbxx Ma2IOMOn[HbIM HpocHloeM necROB, a HIDICe HO Tege-
HHIO, npe1MyII{ecTBeHHO yxce HHHCe Hy2IeBOI3 ropH30HTaJiFf, Ha6JIIo)aIOTCn
ABa ropH3onTa xBa3xbIHCxCHx OTJIO?ReHHH: HgHCHHxi - ToJIwa HJOROJIaAHNX
rJIHH, HOAcTHJxaeMbxx IIecROM, m BepxHHx3 - r1HHHCTbxe neCRH, OTAeJieH-
Hbxe Ha3eMHMIMH CyrJIHHICaMH OT IHOHOJIaAHbIX rJIHH.
TaRHM o6pa3oM, CTpaTHrpaf3HgeCHH CaMOCTOFITOJIbHLIMH B HHRCHOM HOBOJI-
1Hbe, RaI II Ha gpyrHx 6eperax Racu n, gBJIHIOTCH ABa ropR30HTa xBaJIbIH-
cRoro apyca ((DejopoB, 1943, 1946, 1948; IfapaHAeeaa, 1951) - HumHe-
xBaJibIHCRHLx II BepxHexBanlblHCRH73, a He TpH, RaR cgHTaeT M. II. DpRijbIHa
(1954), TaR RaR IIeCRH, HOACTHJxaIOIAHe IuouojiajHbxe rSIHHbx, TeCHO CBa3aITI
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C HOCJIOAHHMH H oTMegaIOT HepBOHaLIaJIbII JR 3TaH TpancrpeccHH, a He caMo-
?CTOATeJIbHyIO (a3y pa3BHTHH 6acceHIIa. BLIJ[eaaeHHe BepXHeXBaJIbIHCI{HX
OTJIO?KOHHII B CaMOCTOHTOJIbIIbIH, HOXBaJIbIHCUHH POPH30HT HpOTHBOpeLIHT
naJIeOHTOJIOrwIeCKHM AaHIIbIM, Tau KaH pa3JIHLIHH B XapanTepe H COCTaBe
4 ayHbl MOJIJIIOCHOB AaJIeUO He Tau CyJ1 eCTBeHHbI, KaU HpeACTaBJIfIeTCFI
M. II. B pHAbIHO I.
TO Me KaCaeTCH yCJIOBIIII 3arle.raHHn moI{oJIaj[HbIx' rJIiiH, IIHrpeccHBHO
BaXOgHIUHX B AOJIHIIy HH?KHell Bouru H BbIHOJIHFIIOH;HX noHH?KOHHbre yzIacTHH
AOXBaTIbIncnoro pOabe(Jia, TO B 3TOM OTHOIHeIIHH M. H. BpHgbIHa BHOJIHO
IIpaBa. I4IIrpeCC14BHO-TpaHCrpeCCHBHaa ~a3a HH?UHeXBaJIrIHCKOrO Bena, C HOTO-
pOil cBn3aHO uauoriJiouiie moKOJIaAHbIX rJIHH B CeBepxoM HpHKacnHH, ocTaBHJIa
OTLIeTJIHBble CJIeAbI B BHAO ApeBHeI3 6eperoBOil JIHHHH Teppacbl, paCHOJlo2neH-
HOii Ha BbICOTe 22-25 (50-53) M, OTMOgOIIHOii Ile TOJIbHO B HH?KHeM HoBOJI-
mbe, goJIHHe p. YpaJi, H Y CeBepo-3anagHOro iIHHKa YCTIOpTa, HO H Ha UaB-
Ifa3CKOM H BOCTOLIHOM no6epe?UbnX IiacuHFI.
O) HanO BTa H RpyrHe Teppacbl, o6pa3OBaHHbie HHn HeXBaJIbIHCKHMH H
BepXHeXBaHibIHCUHMH OTJIOMeHHFIMH, OTMOiIaIOT BTOpOCTeleHHble (Ja3bl pa3-
BHTHH HaCIIHfI H He MOrYT 6MTb BbiJ[OJIOHbi B CTpaTHrpaI wiecn CaMOCTO-
HTeJIbHble FOpH30HTbI II ToM 6OJiee npycbl (CTpaTHrpaC HFi..., 1953, CTaTbH
H. H. HHKOJIaeBa), TO ycJlo?RHHJio 6bl H 6e3 Toro J[po6HyIO cTpaTHrpa~H-
*iecxyio exeMy Hacrrricxoli o6JIacTH.
3anagHee J;OJIHIIbI BoJIrH, Ha yuaCTKe LIepHbiii Hp - ACTpaxaxb, pa3BHTbI
C IIOBepXHOCTH XBaJIEIIICUHe, npeHMyweCTBeHIIO MopCKHe OTJIOMeHHFI, KOTO-
pble Ha 3anage orpaHHLIeHbI BOCTO'IHbIM CKJIOHOM Epreneir. CoriiacHo 6ypo-
BbIM AaHHbIM, B IIpeperrax DTOPO paioHa HOJ( XBaJibIHCUHMH ocaAKaMH 3aJIe-
raIOT XaaapcuHe H 6anHHcUHe OTJIO?ueHHn. HOCJIegHHe COAep?uaT (ayHy
Didacna parvula N a 1., D. all. catillus E i c h w., Adacna, Dreissensia.
CyMMapHan MOWIIOCTb uaCIIHHCUOii TIOTBepTHMIOH TOJIIAIT 3J[OCb AOCTHraeT
150-200 M. B yzIaCTKax HOBbIHICIIHOFO 3a.IeraHHa aIIHIepOHCKIIX OTJIO?Ke-
JHyi ona yMeHbuiaerCH go 50-30 M.
B OCHOBaHHH MopcRHx 6aHHIICKHx oTJIO?KeHHII HoBCeMeCTHO OTMeLIaOTCH
TOJIHia H0HTHIIOHTaJIbHLIX yfJIOTHeHHbIX CyrJIHHKOB, CyHOCeu, McJIUOnOpHCTbIX,
HHorAa JIeCCOBHAHbIX, HiCJITOBaTO-CepbIX H IIaJIOBbIX TOHOB, C pO iiHMH CTBOp-
KaMH HpeCHOBOAHbIX MOJIJIIOCHOB (Sphaerium, Lithogryphys, Viviparus u qp.).
OTJ[eJibHbre naunil 3TOH TOJIIII'I IIpe)ZCTaBJIOHbi Cy6aaparlblIblMH HaKOriJie-
HHFIMH CO BCOMH npii uauaMH Ha3OMHbIX yCJIOBHiI (OpMHpOBaHHFI (paCTH-
TeJIbHble OCTaTKH - uoMUOBaTaH HJIH MOJIKOHOPHCTaFI CTpynTypa, yriiHCTbre
BKJIIO*IeHHfi H T. A.). MOH[HOCTb TOJIIJJ i AOCTHraeT 30-50 M. HH?ne 3anlera[OT
a]ImepoHCKHe OTJIO?ueHHH. TarHM o6pa30M, H 3gOCb MOIKIIO KOHCTaTHpoBaTb
KOHTHHeHTaJIbHble OTJIO?ROHHH, C(OpMHpOBaHHbIO B 3HOXy perpeCCHH Me?HJ(y
anfepoHCKOH H 6aKni-icn0H TpaHCrpeCCHFIMH, y?Ke OTMeueHHbie HaMH Ha BOCToLI-
Hem HpHKacrIHH.
BOCTOuHLIH o6pbIB EpreHeii, BbITFIHYTbIH MepFI uo}iaJIbHO, nBJineTCn Kan
6&I npOAoJu neHIIeM npaBoro 6epera p. BourrH BbIIHe CTauuHHrpaJ[a. FeHeTH-
qeCKH TOT 06pbIB IIpeACTaBJHFIeT co6oiI a6pa3HoHHbiA ycTyII, OrpaHHilHBafO-
WHI3 c aanaga npegeJrbI CeBepo-HpHUacnHAcEoA HH3MOHHOCTH H, HeCO-
MHOHHO, OnpegeJIEH TenTOHHLIeCKOIi IIpnpOAoii 9TOII o61IaCTH. YCTyH H3pe3aH
MHOro,gFic ieHHbIMH HOpOTUHMH (HO CpaBIIeHHIO C 3anagHBIM CRJIOHOM BO3-
BbIIHeHHOCTH) 6ajinaMH, CHyCKaIOmHMHCFJ ii HpHKaCHHHCKoii HH3MOHHOCTH.
EpreHH CJIO?UCHbI XapaKTOpHbIMH CBeTJIbIMH, niaCTo 6e.ImIMH HBaprjeBLIMH
IIecnaMH peLiHOrO Hp0HCXOMA0I-IHH, OTHOCHH;HMHCFi K IIJIHOIleHy.
BAOJrb BOCTOLIHOFO IIOJSIIOiRbff EpreHell npoTFlrHBaeTCH Jiom6HHOo6pa3-
HOe HoHinnerIHe, 3aHuTOe ueHOTIKOII o3ep Capita, gaga, BapMaiu an H qp.,-
TaK naabIBaeMan (CapHHHCUaH AoJiIIHa)>.
XBaJrbIIHCKHe OTJIO?KeHHFI HpIICJIOHHIOTCiJ K IIOAHO?KbIO Epreneii, HHrpec-
CHBHO 3aXOJ[HT B IIOHH?KeHHff oBpa?KHo-6aJJogHoJT CeTH, o6pa3ya BecbMa
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
xapaHTepHble iecTOHbi. CyIAeCTBeHHbIM reOMOpc oJlorHTaeCHHM aJleifreHTOM,
BOCTOTIHOro CKJIOHa EpreHeii HBJIHeTCH HaJIIITII3e AOBOJIbHO TIeTHoR a6ph3HUU-
nOii JIIIHHII, pacnoHiomeHHoI3 y IIOAHO}HbH yCTy1a II Ha BCeM IIpoTHHfe$g$ OT
CTaHI1HrpaAa go UMbICa> T4oJIOH-XaMyp - IOMHOi3 oxoxeTIHOCTH EpreueI3,
IIMeiouiei3 BMCOTy go 45-50 M (OKOJIO 75 M Hag ypoBHeM HacuHH). Ha aTI3x
Me OTMOTHax 3aiieraiOT XBaJlbincHHe OTJIOMe IIH B 6aaHax.
PacCMOTpIIM HecHOJIbHO o6Ha?HeHHI3 xBaJIbIHCHHX OTJIO?KeHIII1, 3aJleraio-
HIHX B 6aHHax BOCTOIHOrO CHJIOHa Epr8Hei3 H y HX IIOJ(HO?HbH.
DDixr. 57. Paapea HHxtxexsaJIbHICHHx oTJIOMeHHg B AOJIHHO
Apmarn -3 eJibMeHb
Ha npaBOM 6epery 6aJIKH HJIMaTa B o6piIBe (6poBHa HMeeT a6COJIIOTHyI0
BTICOTy 25 M) o6HaxcaloTCH CJIOIICTLIe rJII4HIICTbie neCKII, M011 HOCTbio 6oiiee
10 M. B Bepxax TOJIIuH BcTpeTIaeTCn MHOroTHCJIeHHaH 4ayHa: Didacna eber-
sini F e d., D. parallella B O g. var. borealis F e d., Adacna plicata E i c h w.,
Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Monodacna sp., Dreissensia polymorpha.
HOTTTH axaJIorHHHhII3 pa3pe3 HMeeTCH Ha cesepxoM c1JIOHe mHpoHOIi 6a3IKH,.
3aHHTOI3 03. ApnlaHb-3eJI16MeHb ([ Hr. 57). 3AeCb xopomo Bblpamexa Teppa-
coBaH HOBS XHOCTh, IIpHCJIOHHIowaiCH K cHJIOHy EpreHeli Ha a6COJIIOTHOg
BbicoTe oKoJio 50 M. B 6POBKO Teppacbl, pacnosloxceHHOii Ha 8-10 M HHHfe,
o6HamaIOTCa rJIHHHCTbie necHH H cyrJIIIHHII, HCeHTo6yporo I(BeTa, c pejnoIr
$ayHOli Me5IHHx Didacna ex gr. praetrigonoides (D. ebersini), D. parallella
B o g. var. borealis, Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Adacna plicata E i c h w.,.
Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 .1.
IO iwee, Ha JIOBOM 6epery 6aJIHII (peTu ui) 1 apbiM-3eJImMeHb, o6ua
maeTCH TOJHga CJIOHCThIX naJIeBo-?KeJITbIX rHIIHHCTbIX neCHOB, MOMHOCTbIO
go 6 M, c pegKoii c ayxoli McJIHHx Didacna parallella var. borealis F e d.,
Adacna sp.
TaKoro me xapaiTepa xBaJIbIHCHHe OTJIO1HeHHJI, HHrpeCCHBHO 3aX0 $iU He
B j[peBHHe 6aHiHH, Ha61IIogaIOTCH H IOMHee. XapaHTep l ayHbi MOJIJIIOCKOB
H rnncOMeTPIP;eCHOO norIomeHIIe 3THX ocaAHOB, CBH3aHIHIX c 6eperonol3
JIHHHeil, npllypOTieHHOI3 H a6COJIIOTHOI3 BLICOTe 45-50 M (axaJIorHTiHO cenep-
HOMY ii BOCTOTIHOMy Hpaio CeBepHO-HpiiRacnHI3cHoII HH3MenHocTH), II03B0-
JIHIOT OTHOCTII HX H paHHexBaJibixcHoMy BpeMeHH:
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
4. CTPATI1rPA(DHFI LIETBEPTHgHbIX OT.IO}KEHHU
CEBEPHOrO IIPIIKACHIIH
IIOIIbITaeMCH o6o6HjHTb BCO H3JIO?KCHIIOe OTHOCHTOJIbHO CeBepHOro IIpHKac--
IIHH H BbIAeJIHTL Han6OJTee xapaHTepxble, o6WHe AJIFI BCOH 3TOH o611mpHOA
o611aCT14 HoMHJIeRCbI ocaj[Koa, a Talc?ICe HOKOTOpble cnIOH McCTHOPO 3HaueHHFI.
BcJIeJI, 3a HpeAIHOCTBOBaUHIHMH HCCJIe, OBaTOJIHMH H cxeMOH LIeTBepTHnIHOi3
KOMHCCHH (1953) mm j(0JI HHhI 3, 0Cb BblqeJIHTb 6ai iiuci H, xa3apcKHH, XBa-
JIbIHCICHH H HOBoHadiuFcimii Hpyebl.
Hago OTMOTHTb, 'ITO xa3apCKIIH FlpyC HaMH HOHHMaeTCH 6oJlee HIHpOKO,
'1eM 3TO j[ejiajiJi RpyrHe HCCJIOAOBaTeJIH, 3a CLIeT BKJIIO'IeHHFI B Hero CHHPHJib-
CKHX II aCTpaxaHcHHx OTJIO?IC0HHH, pa3BHTbIX B AOJIHH0 BOJirH. XBaJIbIHCKHH.
Hpyc pac-moneH TIa IIH?KIIexnaJIbIHCKIIII H BepxHeXBaJIbIHCKHH rOpH3OHTbl,-
'ITO COOTBOTCTByCT jJ;eJIeH-IHIO 3TOro Flpyca B TypnMeHHn.
OTJlo?KeHHH 6aiWilCicOro Flpyca H3BeCTHEI B Orpal-IHLIeHTIOM LIHCJIe MOOT.
M. M. lyIOB (1945) 3TII OcaW H OTMegaJi: 1) Ha IOIHHOM 6epery o3. ileniap,
2) B 0IpOCTIIOCTHX IIH epcRoro o3epa, 3) Ha p. Ypann y Hoc. VIHuep6opcTpoH,
4) Ha P. YpaJI Y C. HaJIMJ,mOBa, 5) B 6ypoBbIX pa3pe3ax no JIHHHH ?KeJIe3-
Hoi3 AoporH FypbeB - I-VaHj araq, 6) 110 JIHHHH He(J)TenpoBoAa y HpoMbiciia
MaHaT, 7) K ceBepy OT COBOpHOPO 'IHHica YcTiOpTa, 8) B paRoHe MyHainuI,
9) B CKBa?KHHax AnTmIH-BaiiapaJla, 10) ila BOCTOUHOM 6epery o3. Bacicyinai.
B 60JIbIHHHCTBe yJa3aI1IIbIx HyHHTOB pa3BHTbI OTJio?KeHHFI, co ep?Ka1qHe co6
CTBeHHO 6aRHHCICyIO ~aylIy, H JIHHIb IIeiOTOpble MOCTa BbI3bIBaIOT COMHeHHH.
H IIOCJIei[HHM Haj[o OTIleCTH IO?KHbIH 6eper 03. LIeJIKap, HaJIMbIKOBO H MceT-
HOCTb CeBOpHeO *IHHKa YCTIOpTa, rj[e pa3BHTbI B 60JIhIIIIIHCTBe cJIy'IaeB He 6a-
KHHCKHe, a HH?KHexa3apcime OTJIO?lcenHH. BaiHHCKHe OTJIO?KOHHH yCTaHOB-
JIeHbI TaHH O Ha H-OBe By3a'IYI, Ha IIpaBOM 6epery BOJIrf y LIepHOPO flpa (rR&
HaMH 6MJia BCTpeLIeI-Ia THIIH*II-Iaa 63KHHCKaH ()ayHa), a Tar?ICe MHOroiIIIcJIeH-
HbIMH 6ypOBTIMH CKBa?KHHaMII, IIpOHjjeliHblMH B CeBepo-3anawiom HpHicaCHIIH,
B TOM LIHCJIe H paHee H3BOCTIIaH CKBaHCHHa B AcTpaxaHH (Bor,axoB, 1934).
HpoMe TOFO, 6ypoImIMH pa60TaMH no Tpacce CTaJIHHrpagCicoro KaHaJia B.
1951-1952 rr. 6aKHHCKHe oTJIO?KeHHFI o6Hapy?iceHbl B page HyHKTOB BoJlro-
YpaJIbCKoro Me? cgypetlbri. XapawTep (ayHLI 3THX OTJIO?KOHHH gaeT OCHOBa-
HHH IIpej[noJlaraTb, LITO 396Cb HMOIOTCFI Icai HH?KHe6aicHHCKHe, TaI H BepXHe-
6aHnHcKHe OTnO?KeHHFI. IIpH 3TOM IIepBble co ep?lcaT (iayHy, BOCbMa 6JIH3-
KyIO K (ayHe HII?KI-IC6arHHCKHx OTJIOHceHHH 1IepHOr0 flpa, a BTOpbIC Xapai
Tep13yiOTCH HpIICyTCTBHeM Didacna rudis N a I., D. aff. carditoides A II d r u s.
H Ap. HpoBJIH 6aIHHCHHx OTJIO?KCHHH pacIIoJimella B 3TOM paHolle iia rJIy-
6HHe HOCKOJIbIHX ACCHTHOB MOTPOB OT HOBepXHOCTH.
OTJloHceHHFI 6aHiIHcKOrO slpyca, TaIHM 06pa3oM, HpHCyTCTByIOT B Hpe-
genaX BCero CeBepHoro I1pHKaCHHH - OT 110 H07Kh}I COBepxOrO 'IHHNa YcTIOp-
Ta go Eprexeii. Ha ceBep MopCKHe 6aKHHCKHe OTJIO?KOIIHH pacHpoCTpaxexbl
cellepHee IIIHpOTUI 03. 3JIbTOII.
OcagICH, OTMO'IOIIHbIO M. M. ;KyKOBbIM (1945) Ha I0211HOM 6epery 03. LIOJI-
Kap H BOCTOLIIlee P. 3M6bI, B Ha1HOM HOIIHMaHHH J[OJI?11HbI 6bITb OTHeceHbl R
HH3aM Xa3apCKOrO Hpyca. CoBpeMeHHOe HX BbICOKOe rHHCOMeTpH'eCKOe
IIOJIO?ICeHH0 CBH3aII0 C HOAHHTHCM TeppnTOpHH, THrOTe10IIIe1 K 3aIIaAHOMy
CicJT0Hy IO?KHOro Ypana H Myro)?icap.
Hago OTMCTHTb, '-ITO co6CTBeIIHo 6aKHHCKHe OTJIOHCeHHFI BTOpFaIOTCFI
AOBOJIbHO j{aJIeJco Ila BOCTOK B paRoHe 3M6bI H y HO,i[HO?lcb11 CeBepllOrO TIHHKa
YCTIOpTa. H 1-fa CeBepo-BOCTOIC HO AOJIHHO YpaHla. 3TO IIOgTBeprTc aeTCH HaJIH-
LIIIOM IIOpeOTJIOMeHllbIx 6arurHCKHx pauoBHH H IO?KHee 03. LleJIKap H B Dm6eH-
CKOM paRoiie.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
YCTaHOBJIeHHe MarCCRMaJIhuoii rpaHlI I pacupoCTpaHeHIlH 6anHHCxoro
MOpH B CeBepHOM HpHHacHHn Beer Ma 3aTpyAHHTeJIbHO B CBR3H C HOCJIOAyio-
ngHM pa3BHTHeM O6r114pHOg XBaJIbIHCHOI3 TpancrpecCHH, HoTopaa He TOJIbHO
yHHLITO EHJIa 6eperoBbie JIHHHH 6aHIIHCHoro BpeMeHH, no H Hepenpbriia cBO-
HMH oca)HaMH 6aKHHCHHe OTJIOHCOHlH. CyAa HO MHOrHM AaHHLIM, 6aHHH-
?cHoe mope 3aHHMaJIO McHbrnre npOCTpaHCTBa, LIeM xBaJIbIHCHoe (MaHCHMaJrb-
HaH TpaHcrpeccHR), H ero 6eperoBaa JIHHHH Haxo HJIaCb BHyTpH HOHTypOB
noCneAHero.
BaRHHCHHe OTJIomeHHn HnncHero HoBOJincbf HpeJCTaBJIeHbi HpeHMy-
IAOCTBOHHO rJIITHaMH H rJIHHHCTLIMH necnaMH, AOCTHraIou HMH MOnjHOCTH
-30-50 M (clcBancnna KBOCTOHHO(TH> B AcTpaxarlH).
B npeAenlax BoJIro-YpaJIbcHOro BOAOpa3AeJIbHoro HpocTpaHCTBa H BOCTO'I-
'nee p. Ypann 9TH ocaAHH HpeACTaBJIeHbI rJIHHaMH, HecHaMH, panyHlegHHHaMH
H raJlegHHHaMH. M. M. +yHOB (1945) HpHBOJjHT AOBOJIbHO 6OJIbal0ii CHHCOI{
4 ayrbl, rge HaH60Jlee THHHLIHMMH 6aHHIICIUMH (pynOBOAarI lMH) (OpMaMH
HBJIHIOTCH: Didacna rudis N a I., D. parvula N a 1., D. catillus E i c h w.
HpocMOTp Ro3IJIeugHI3 3M6eHcno i aapore0JJorHTIecno i aReneinuHH, c6opos
pnAa HcCJIeAOBaTeJIec no Bo.nro-YpaJlbcuoMy MencAypeubio, nHqHhle Ha6JIro-
AOHHH n, HaHOHer;, Ta6JIHI;LI H. A. HpaBocJiaBJreBa (1939) rOBO HT 0 HpHCyT-
CTBHH B CeaepxoM HpHHacnnn D. rudis, D. carditoides H 6JIH3HHx H HHM
?I OpM. Hall H3BOCTHO, 3Ta iayHa Ha HaBHa3CI{OM H BOCTOLIHOM no6epea i e
RacnHH xapalTepH3yeT Bepxu 6aHHHCHOro Rpyca, B TO BpeMH Hau D. parvula
u D. catillus - HH3h1 ero. Hnnce MbI paCCMOTpHM BOHpOC 0 BO3MOMHOI3 CBH3H
yHa3aHHOi3 I ayHbI C pa3JIHLIHEIMH ( agnnmH OCaAHOB, 3AOCb He nova HpHMOM
?CTpaTnrpa~HLIecHoe 3HateHHe 3THX I OpM.
OcaAHn HH3OB 6aHHHcxoro Rpyca c D. parvula N a 1., pence c D. catil-
lus E i c h w. pacnpoCTpaxeHbl Ha n-oBe By3a'rn, B03MOncHO, B HercOTOpbix
yiracTicax 3M6eHCHOI'o paIIoxa, B AoHIHHe Bonnrn H B AenpecCnH CeBepo-3anaA-
Hore HpHHacHHH. HeTpyAHO BHAeTb, 'ITO B 60JIb1HRHCTBe cJrygaeB 3TH OTJIO-
MOHHH HpHypwIeHbI H 6oJlee ApeBHHM HOHHnceHHRM penlbec a. Tall, rJIHHHCTbre
orJlonceHHR C D. parvula H Ap., BcTpeteHnbre Y I-Iepxoro Hpa, BHAHMO, CBH-
3aHbI C HHrpeCCHe1 HH?HHe6arHrICHOro MOpR B ApOBIIIOIO 3p03HOHHy[O JIOnf-
?6nHy Boarn. HnndHe6aHnHCHHe rJIHHHCTble ocaAHH parsona ApTe3Hana, sep-
Horo PbuHHa c D. parvula N a 1., D. catillus E i c h w., npnyponexbr H TeHTO-
HHLIecxoII AOnpeccHH (cM. rnlaBy IV). Ha 6OJIee nOBbIHIeHHbIX ytIaCTHax peJrb-
eia c ayna D. parvula Heu3BecTHa.
TaHHM o6pa3OM, MOndHO npegno iaraTb, iITO B HepByIO HOJJOBHHy 6aHHH-
exoro Bella HMenIa MOCTO HHrpeCCHH MOpH npn CpaBHHTe3IbIIO HeBEICOHOM
ypoBHe, a B noCnegyIou ee, BepXHe6aHnHCHoe BpeMH mope paCnpOCTpaHH'JIOcb
?6onlee uu1pOHO H HCHbITaHO TpaHerpeccHio (npn 6OJIee BbICOHOM ypoBHe).
TorAa OTJlonceHHR Boniro-YpaJlbcHoro Mend)ype'IbH H Ypanlo-3M6elICHO73
1o6JIacTH c D. rudis N a 1., D. ex gr. carditoides A n d r u s. H 6JIH3HHMH H HaM
?I1opMaMH AOJIncHbI 6bITb OTHOCOHbI IC BepxaM 6aHHHClcoro Hpyca. 3T0 o6CTO-
RTeJIbCTBO 6b1JIO OTMOLIeHO eige M. M. alcyHOBMM (1945), IlpegnoJlaraBIHHM,
'LITO 6aHnnCHoe Mope 3annao CeBepHmA HpHHacuaI3 130 BTOpoI3 notion iHe BeIca.
OCHOBmIBaaCb Ha CTpaTnrpa( IgecKoM uot[pa3Ae3IeHHH 6aIHHCHOro Hpyca
B A3ep6aiAcane if 3anaAHoi3 TypiMeHHH, a TaHnce HexoAR H3 CXOACTBa
,onpegenleHHbIX C ayHICTH'IecHHx HOMIIHOIcCOB 6aInHcHHx oca)HOB CeBepnoro
HpHHacHHH C COOTBeTCTByIOH[nMH py1OBOAan[nMH I opMaMH yRa3aHHbix
~o6JIaCTef, TaHnce MOnHO paC*IJIeHHTb 6ainHCHne OTJIO1SeHHH Cenepnoro
Ilpnrcacnna Ha HHncHe6aICHHCHHII H BepxHe6aIHHCHHI3 ropl3oHTb1.
HepBblii HpeAcTaBJIeH HpOHMyir[eCTBeIIHO rJIHHHCTMMH ocaAHaMH c ~ayllo.s
Didacna parvula N a I., D. catillus E i c h w. H pa313HT no AoJiHHe Bonnri,
Ha n-one By3aLIH, B AenpeccHH CeBepo-3auaiHoro HpHHacHHH, B HeHOTO-
pun nyHHTax 3M6encIforo paiona H BOJrro-Ypanlbcxoro MeacAype'ba.
.Bepxne6aHHHCISne oTJlonceHHa, npOgCTaBJIeHHble neciaMi, paryiue'IHnxaMH H
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
raJiegHHHaMH c c aynoii D. rudis N a I., D. ex gr. carditoides A n d r u s.
H 6JIH3IfnX H HHM If OpM, pacnpOCTpaH0HbI Ha BOJIro-YpaHibcnoM
Memgypeebe, B YpaJio-e,9M6eiicnoM paRoHe H Ha H-oBe By3atIH.
I#oHTHHeHTaJlbHbie o6pa3oBaHHFI 6aHHHcHoro BpeMeHII (eCJIH He CiIHTaTb
cHHrHJibcKHx n acTpaxaHCKHx ocagRoB, OTHOCHMbIx HaMH N HH3aM xa3apa)
uoia He o6Hapy?KOIIbI. Haxo im ocTaTKOB C ayHbl IIa3OMHLIx ?KHBOTHbix Ele-
phas antiquus meridionaloides G r o m. H Ap. yJa3bfBalOT Ha HpHCYTCTBHe
B IIoBOJI?Hbe Ha30MHbIX 0TJIO?IC0HH.YI 6aHIIHCxoro BpeMeHH. OHH, Ho-BHAHMOMy,
pa3BHTbI CeBepHee rpanini i 6aKHHcKoro Mop5I, H yxa3aHHaa f)ayxa, BbIMbI-
Taa H3 HHX, AOCTaBneHa B IIHnKHee HoBOJIMbe peHHbIMH BOAaMH.
CorJIacno HegaBHHM uaJieo6OTaIIwiecRnM HCCJIegOBaHHHM B. H. PpHHyua
(1952, 1954), B 6aimHCKHX OTJIometuiHx HH?KHero HOBOJInnba BCTpeilaeTCFI
Hbiabga ApeBecnbIX HopoA JIeCHOrO H JleCOCTOIIHOrO Tana. HepBble, HpeAcTaB-
JIOHHbie XBOHImIMII, xapaHTepH3YIOT BepXH, a BTOpble - HH3bI 3THX ocaAHoB.
Banff eiHe 0TJIO?KeHHF1 CCBepnOrO HpIxaCHHa AHCJIOAHpoBaHbI, -ITO 081-
3aHO Han C IIPOJBJICHHHMH COJIFIHOKynoJILHOH TeHTOHHKH, Tax H C BepTHxaJIb-
HbIMH gBHHeHHFIMII 06HIHpHMIX TeppHTOpHH. BbIXOAbI HH30B 6aHHHCKOro
npyca B goJIHHe BOJIrH y Llepnoro Hpa Hago CBH3bIBaTb c JIOxaJIbHbIM nOA-
HHTHeM, HO-BHAHMOMy, coJIFIHOxyrOJIbxoro xapanTepa. Hamm 6aiiHHCHIIX
FJIHH 3AeCb 1BII0 HappueHbl. 3HaquTeJibxo AHCJIOgHpOBaHbI Tannne 6aKHH-
ccHe OTJIO?xeHHFI Baccyniiana, I/IHAepa. Bblconoe rnnCOMerpwiecxoe IIOHO-
?neHHe 6aiwHciwx OTJIOn1OHH1I B YpaJio-3M6excnoM pai one is, HaIIpoTHB,
rily6oicoe six 3aiieralrse B geupeccHH CeBepo-3aHaAHoro HpHKaerma aBJIa-
IOTCFI pe3YJIbTaTOM BepTHKaJIbHLIX ABH?KeHHA, 3aXBaTLIBaIOH[HX 6oJIbmie yua-
CTHH 30MII0Ii cOpbI.
Xaaapcicue omsomenux
OTJIO?ICeHrIa xa3apcnoro Flpyca 1pe3BLIgaIIHO HeCTpLI HO CBOeMy 4ialLHaJ1b-
HOMy XapaiTepy H JIHTOJIOrHLIOCI{OMY COCTaBy. 3T0, Hapajy C HegoCTaTOLI-
HOH H3yLIOHHOCTbIO c aylIbi Xa3apcnrx MOJIJIIOCKOB CeBepHOro EaCHHa, CHJIbHO
3aTpyAHHOT HOHHMaHHe o6ibeMa npyca u ero pac1JieHOHHe. HaH60Jlee HeaCHO
nOJIO?KeHHe HH?KHeII rpaHHubi XaaapCKHx oTJIOnxeHHII. HpHCyTCTBHe B CeBep-
HoM HpHnacnHH CaMbix HH3OB xa3apcxoro apyca HJIH nepexoAHblx CJIoeB,
HorpaHmimax Menlcgy 6aRuiwmiM H xa3apCKHM npycaMH, noxa enge onoHHa-
TeJIbHO He yCTaHOBJIeHO. Pegxwe HaxogKH B 3M6eHCKOM paioHe C opM, 6JIH3-
miX R Didacna eulachia 13 0 g. (F e d.), gaioT ocxoBaHHe HpeAHOJIaraTb, 1TO
yKa3aHHLIe OTJIOHCeHHn pa3BHTbI, B03MO?xHO, B HpeAeJlaX BCero COBeTCKOrO
HpHKacrma.
OTJIo?neHHu xa3apcioro spyca Bblpa?Kenbl B MOPCKOIi H I{OHTHHeHTaJIb-
H0g ~auHsx. Mopcnie Xa3apCxue OTJIO?KeHHI, B HIHpOKOM Hx HoHIIMaHHH,
3aHHMal0T 3HaqHTeJIbHbIO IIJIOHgagu CeBepHOro HpHKacnun, KOTOpble, BeponTHO,
He TOJILHO IIe yCTyIIaIOT HJIOIHaAH pacnpOC'rpaxeHHH 6anHHCx ix oTJlonceHHli,
HO H HpeBOCXOAFIT Hx.
MopCxwe OTJIO?KBIiHSI 3TOro BpeMOHH, IIpeACTaBJIeHIIble necgiaxo-rJIHHH-
CTbIMH, pence - ncCTialIHCTbIMH ocaAKaMH, H3BOOTHLI no goJ I1HaM BOJIrn H Ypa-
JIa, OTMOLIOHbI Ha BaCKpmane, II0 p. An e-Y3IOn (IyiOB, 1945) H B page
yiiacTKOB MencgypetIba BOJIrB: H Ypasia (Y3elb H AP.), a Tainne B YpaJio-
3M6excxoM paIIoHe H Ha H-oBe By3aLIH.
Ocagcs BTOpOH HOJIOBHHbI xaaapcxoro Bena pa3BHTbI Ha HH?KHeA BOJIre
(EHOTaeBcx - BJIagiMHpOB), rge OHH 3aiieraiOT Menxgy aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbIMH
LIepHOapccHMH necnaMH H aCTpaxancsiMH CyrhIHIIxaMH; o6Hapycenbl OHH
B 1952 P. 6ypoBbMMH pa60TaMH Ha BoJIro-YpaalbcnoM MecgypeHbe, HO Tpacce
CTasrHHrpagcnoro xailaJia (JIwiHoe coo61gemge M. E. 3y6rioBHHa). HIHpoxo
pa3BHTaa B AOJIHHe BoJIri MOCTHaH tJ)a1utn - CHHrHJIbcsHe CJIOH, Kan nOKa-
3aH0 BbIIHO, AOJIIKHbI 6MITL OTH000HbI R HH3aM xa3apcxoro apyca.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HOMHMO HaXOAon HH?KHeXa3apcuoA (ayHbl MOTIJIIOCKOB B 3THX CJIOHX
y HonaHOBKII, B xa3apCKOM Bo3paCTe cHHrHnbcxKx OTJIOHCeHIIii y6excAaeT
Rae COIIOCTaBneHHe c ApyrHMH 6eperaMn Hacnifi H OC06eHHO c 3anaAHOI3
TypnMeHHerl.
ECJIII HPIIHHTb, KaK 3T0 AO cHx IIOp AeJIaIOT 60JILIUHHCTBO IIccneAo-
BaTeJIeI3, VTO K Xa3apcnoMy Rpycy B HHHCHeM HOBOJIHSbe OTHOCRTCR TOJIbRO
ocaAKH, nemau ne cTpaTHrpa(HtieCKH BbIHIe cuRrII mennx H acTpaxaxcnHx
CJIOCB, TO Ha AoaIo xa3ape oro Dena HpWAeTCH HanOnneHHe annloBHanmHbIx
H Ha3eMHbIX OCa)KOB C ManoMOIgHbMMII MOpCKHMH c3IO5iMH B OCHOBaHHII.
AnnIOBHanmrble oTHOn eHHH (tiepnoipcrIIe CJIOII) OTHOCATCH .n anoxe pe-
rpeccnH xa3apcHoro Mopn, a noACTHJIaIOII[He IIx MopcIIIe ocaAKH (CM. pa3pe3
B palioHe EHOTaeBcna II BnaAHMHpoBa) yKa3IIBaIOT Ha He60RLBIyI0 TpaHc-
rpeccnBHyIO ~a3y BTOpOii HoJIOBHHbI xa3apcnoro Bena. HOCneAuue ua. no
o6nnny cBoen (ayHbl, Tan H CTpaTHrpaC HLIecnH, xopOIIIO COIIOCTaBHRIOTCH
C OT ion eHHRMn c Didacna surachanica A n d r u s., KOTOPLIe Ha uaBKa3c.OM
H BOCTOLIHOM uo6epemLRx IIPHCJIOHHIOTC}I K pa3MLITOI3 IIOBOpXHOCTH 6onee
ApeBHIIX xa3apcKHx oT3IOHCeHHI3. Tanoe cTpaTHrpa( 1Hqecnoe COOTHOIHeHHe
xa3apcKHx OcaAKOB Ha BOCTO'IHOM H 3anaAHOM 6eperax MOP} H03BOJIJeT pac-
CaHTbIBaTb Ha ananornYHylo KapTIIHy H B CeBepxoM HpHKacnnH, TOM 6o3iee,
TO HaAAeHHaa HaMII y HonaIIOBKH 4)ayna MonnIOCKOB HO CBOeMy 06JIHKy K
COCTaBy BecbMa 6nu3Ka n Mayne HrDKuexa3apCKHx Teppac A3ep6ai naxa.
3TO, Kan Ham KameTCH, AOCTaTO4IHO y6eAHTOnbHo rOBOPHT O HeO6XOAHMOCTH
OTHCCeI(HR CHHTHnbCKHX H aCTpaXaHCKHX C3IoeB HHmHero HOBO3DKMR K HH3aM
xa3apcnoro Rpyca.
PacnpocTpaHeHHe MopcKOYI (IayHbl Monn!OCnoB, BCTpeileHHLIX B HH3ax
CHHrHJIbCHHX OTno neHHI3 HII?KHeH Bouurn, CBH3aHO C TpaxcrpeccHeI3 MopH,
KOTOpoI3 6LIJIH 3axBaLIexmI 3HagiTenbxble nuoigaJH HpnnacIHI3cnOI3 HH3MeH-
HOCTII. BJIH3naH (ayna BCTpetiexa Ha TeppiTOpiH Bonro-Ypanbcnoro McMAy-
peiIba. B 6OnbHIHIICTBe cnygaeB 8TH MOHHIOCKII OTHOCfITCH K rpynnam
Didacna pallasi P r a v. H D. subpyramidata P r a v., BcTpe*IeHHMM Y Hona-
HOBKH.
OCHOBNIBaHCb na OTMe'Iennblx naneoHTonorw*IecnHx H CTpaTHrpa(HLIecnHx
AaHHLIX II COROCTaBHRH pa3pe3 CeBepnoro HpnnacnHn c pa3pe3aMH naBKa3-
cnoro H BOCTOHHOrO no6epe?KIIII, MMI AOJIMHLI BLIAeHHTh H II ?K H e x a 3 a p-
c n n ii r o p H 3 0 H T, BKJIIOqa1OII[Hg B AOuHHe HII)KHeII Bourn KoMHneKc
Ha3eMHMIx (acTpaxanengx), npecnosognmx H MOpcRHx (cnHrHnbcnHx) ocaA-
KOB. Ho omBa 3TOro ropH30HTa He Bnonne Acna if, BHAHMO, pacnono9KeHa
HHHfe y pe3a BOALI Bourn, rAe HaneraeT Ha co6CTBeIIHO 6annHCnne OTnomeHHR
HJIH HOHTHHeHTanbHJIe allanoru ero BepxoB. HH3aM HpeCuOBOAHok ilaCTH
HH}KHexa3apcnoro ropH30HTa B AOHHHe Bourn (CIIHrHnbcnHe cuon), IIO-BH-
AHMOMy, OTBe'IaIOT OTJIOIKeHHR C MOpcIOI3 H HecKOnbKO oIIpecxeHHOI3 (JayHon
6onee BOCTOLIHbIX paI3onoa Cenepnoro Hpnnacnuu.
MopcnHe HHHfnexaaapcnne OT3IOnceHHR B HHIKHeM HoBOuncbe IIpeACTaB-
neHbl nec'laHO-rJIHHHCTbIMH H necxiaHI,IMII, pexee - rJIHHHCTmIMn ocaAKaMH.
Ha Menc,ypeLIbe Bourn H Ypana H B c3M6excnoM pallone oHH 6onee rpy6o-
3epnHCTmI. Ha noBbimeHHLIx ygacTnax peslbe(a (rnaBHbIM o6pa30M Ha cOJIR-
HbIX Kynonax) oHH BMpa?KeHbM IIpH6pe?KHMIMII raneLIHHKaMH, necnaMH H pany-
meLIHHKaMH.
HpecRoHoAHMe OTJIOIKeHHH cepejHHbi H BepxoB HH>KHexa3apcnoro ropn-
3ORTa npeACTaBneHbl rnHHHCTJIMH H rHHHHCTO-nec aHbIMII AOnbTOBNMH II IIog-
MOHHbIMH (HnbMeHHo-6onoTHbIMH, no H. A. HpaBocnaBJIeBy), pence Ha3eM-
HbIMH ocaAKaMH C npeCHOBOAHOn ( )ayHOII H paCTHTesIbHbIMH OCTaTKamH. HaH-
6onee xapanTepHbi Unio, Paludina, Sphaerium H T. A., a K3 paCTeHHi3 - Ka-
MbIHI HAP.
HpoBJIu IIpeCHOBOAHSIX HH?KHexa3apcnnx OTJIonceHHg HeceT cnejbl BbIBeT-
pHBaHHH B ycnonHRx, BHAHMO, TeIIJIOrO II cyxoro KnHMaTa (Kopa ImrneTpH-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
BaHHH). OcaJWKH Toro BpeMeHH, H3BOCTI LIO B I-Itt t I3e1VI lIOBOJIMbe IIOJW HaHMe-
HoBaHHeM acTpaxallcHIIx CJIOCB, HpeJ CTaBJIeHII HOMKOBaTBIMH KpacHo6y-
pIIMH rJIHHBMIi c jWpy3aMH rHHca, MOIIWIIOCTbIO OT 0,5 go 2-3 M. MOH[HOCTI,
Bcero KOMIIJIOKCa HIIIKIIOXa3aPCKHX ocaJWKOB B jWOJIHHe HHSKHOII BoHIrH 6OJiee
10 M. B o6JIacTH BoJiro-YpaJIbCKOPO MemgypeLibH H 3M6eHCKOM pallone oxa
Mexbiue. HanpoTHB, B AenpecciiH 3auaJ[HoII uacTH CeBepiioro Hpnnacrnni
(ApTe3HarI) MOHWIIOCTb HX B03paCTaeT.
HeCMOTpn lla IIe3HatIHTeJIbIIyIO MOnWHOCTL, aCTpaxaHCHHe CJIOH BeCEM3l
xapaKTepabl H HBJIHIOTCH jWOBOJIbIIO XOpOIIIHM MapIHpyIOHWHM FOpH30HTOM.
OHH OTHOCHTCH, 110-BHJWHMOMy, IC 3nOXe perpeCCHH Mopa, HMOBuieII MOCTO Ha
rpan i e IIHMHe- H BepXHeXa3apCKOrO BpeMeHH, TO HOWTBep2KJWaeTCH H JWaH-
HMMH no TypIMelIHH H KaBKa3CKOMy no6opembio (Anmepoucrni I IloJIyOCTpoB).
MOpCKHe oTJIOHCeHHH BepxHexa3apcEoro ropH30HTa
1OJlb3yIOTCH MOHbIIIHM pacnpOCTpaHenlieM, HOH JIH HH}KHOXa3apciHe. OHH
H3BeCTIIbI 110 HHSKHOH BOJIre (HH?Ke EIIOTaeBcHa), B Me?KJWypeLIbe Bowir11 H Ypa-
JIa, B 3M6eHcHoM paROHe H IIa n-oBe By3a'IH.
BepxHexa3apcKHe MopcKHe OTHWHeHHH upe) eTaBHeimi rJIHHHCTO-nec'ia-
HHMH OTJlomeHHHMH c (J)ayHou Didacna subovalis P r a v., D. ex gr. suracha-
nica A n d r u s., D. ex gr. nalivkini W a s s., Monodacna, Adacna plicata,
Dreissensia celekenica A n d r u s., BbIIHe KOTOpLIX 3aJIeralOT aJIJiIOBHaJIb-
nme IIeCKH (,iepllonpciiHe CJIOH).
B Memgypegbo BoHIrH H Ypana ycTanoBJleHO pacupocTpaneHHe BepxHe-
xa3apcKHx paHyme'IHHKOB Ha rJIy61lHe 18-20 M OT nOBePXHOCTH CTeun.
CpegH (ayHbl MOJIJIIOCKOB 113 C60POB M. E. 3y6EOB11ga 3AOCb BCTpe'IaIOTCH
Didacna all. surachanica A n d r u s., D. nalivkini W a s s. H gpyrile iopMbi,
6JI113K11e K BepXHexa3aPCKOMy KoMnjIeHcy (ayHbI HOBKa3CKOro II BOCTOLIHMX
6eperoB HacnnH. Bepxnexa3apcRHil paxymegH11K 3aiieraeT HenocpeJWcTBeHHo
nojW TOM40I xBaJIbIHCKIIX rJIHHHCTEIX ocaJWKOB. Bee 3TO JWeiiaeT JWOCTOBepHMM
11o3j[Hexa3apciHII (Bepxilexa3apcnHII) Bo3pacT OnilcaHHblx ocaJWKOB.
CBerJIble KBap1WeBbie KOCOCJIOHCTble aHIJIIOBHaHlbnble nevi i, 3aiieraIOIIWHe
B ) OJIHHe BoJir11 (TlepHOHpCKHc CJIOII) Ha pa3MbITOI3 TOBepXHOCTH MOPCKIIX
OTJIO?KemI11II, HBJIHIOTCH MecTIIOII aJIJIIOBHaaIbnok BOJi?KCKOH (J)aIW11eII H He paCnpo-
CTpaHenbl B MemAypelIbe Boniri li YpaJla. 0x11 CBHgeTeJIbCTBylOT 0 HH3KOM
CTOHHHH ypOBHH MOPH BO BTOPOH ROJIOBHHO Bepxuexa3apc oro BeKa. AHauIoPII
LIepnonpcKHx cJIOeB - aJIJIIOBHa3IbHIble uecl11 - HMeIOTCH Ta}7Ke B jWOJI11HO
Ypajia, rjWe 3aH11MaIOT TaKoe me cTpaTHrpa(H iecHoe noHIo?Kenne.
B 3M6encxoM paiiOHe, B Me1KJWype'be Bouru II YpaHla, a Taiu e B CeBepo-
3anajWHOM HpHKacnHH KOHTHHOHTaJIb1bie OCaJWK11 BTOpOI3 IIOJIOBHHbl 11O3jWHe-
xa3apeRoro BeKa B 60JIbf11HHCTBe CJIyuaeB BbIpaIKeHbI B Ha3eMHOII (aIWH11
11 JIO?KaTCH HOIIOCPCJWCTBOHIIO Ha Ha3eMHble o6pa3osaHHH nwiga paHHexa3ap-
cROro BeKa. Bnouuue BOpOHTHO, 1ITO MopcKHe Bepxuexa3apcKHe ocaJWK11 B Ha-
KOII-TO Mepe OJWHOB03paCTHbI Ha3OMIIbIM 06pa3OBaHHHM BOPXOB HHIKHexa3ap-
CK11X OTJlo)KeH11II (aCTpaxallcHne CJIOH) 11, TaHIIM o6pa30M, noCJIej[HHe HBJIH-
IOTCH HX KOHTIIIIeHTaJILIHIM allajioroM. ,LI,JIH TaKoro COIIOCTaBJIeH11H eCTb
JWOCTaTOLIHble OCHOBaHHH. HpaCHo6ypM i OTTOHOK H 3ar11lCOBaHHOCTb aCTpa-
xaHCKHX CyrJIHHKOB, H H H MaCCHBIIOCTb 11 nbIIHHLII3 paciWBeT (ayHbl MOJIJIIOC-
KoB Bepxnexa3apcKHx paiyme~IHHKOB c D. surachanica, D. nalivkini H np.,
yHa3blBaloT, 10-BHJWIIMOMy, Ha o6CTaHoBKy cyxoro H TeIIJIOPO KJIHMaTa, npH
HII3HOM CTOHII11H YPOBHH Hacnin.
HOMIJIeRC (ayibI MJIeHOnHTaIouWHX, HOJIyg11BfHii HaHMOHOBai- a ((BOJIJK-
CKOPO>, HJI11 Xa3apeEorO, 1POJWCTaBJIOHHbIII CpaBHHTOJIbHO TeIIJIoruo6HBbIMII
BB) MH (Bison priscus var. longicornis, Camelus knoblochi, Megaloceros
giganteus ru f f i (M. germaniae), Equus caballus chasaricus, Elephas trogon-
therii u np.), BcTpeLIaeTCfi o6bliIHO B nepeOTJIOH HHOM 3aJleraHHII B LIepHoHp-
cKIIX a JIJIIOBHaJIbHblx necHax. H. A. HpaBOCJiaBJIOB yHa3MIBaJI Ha HaJIHLIHe
HOCTeI33 HeIOTOpbIx 113 3THX TK11BOTHLIX H B Bepxax CHHrHJIbcI Ix rJIHH. B 1951 P.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
MM BCTpeTgTlg oT) eJIbHMe KOCTH B acTpaxaHciix HpacHo-6ypblx cyrJIaHKax.
H03TOMy Ka?KeTCfI 60JIee BepOcITHbIM, XITO TeIIJIOJII06HBhIH xa3apCKHH KOMIIJIexe
4 ayHbl MJIeEOIIHTaIomHx CBhI3aH (in situ) c aCTpaxaHCKHMH cyrnIlHKaMII, a B
4epHOHpCKHX IIec ax OH HaxOAHTCf B IIepeOTJIOHieHHOM 3aileraHHH B pe3yJlb-
TaTe uoeiie)yloIAero pa3MBIBa Ha3eMHTIX o6pa3OBaHHH. HOATBep?KAeHHeM
tffor0 MO?KeT CJIy}KHTb apHAHHu 06maK acTpaxaHCKHx CyrJIHHKOB H COCTaB
BorRCxou c ayHM (oco6eHHO Bep6JIIog).
HOCTeneHxblg nepexo aJIJIIOBHaJIbxblx (ilepxoFIpcIHx) IIeCHOB B AOJIHHe
BoJIrH B JIOCCOBHAHMe (aTemeHHe) cyIIecH H eyrJIHHKH rOBOpHT 0 IIOCJIeAO-
BaTeJIbHOM OTCTyIIaHHH MOH B no3AHe- H IIOCJIexa3apeHoe BpeMH. He HcKJIIo-
'IeHa BO3MO?KHOCTb, LITO BepxH neCCOBHAHMX (aTeJIbCKHX) eyrJIHHKOB, c opMH-
pOBaBmHeCH B 3IIOXy HH3HOFO CTOHHHH ypOBHFI MOps!, OTHOCFITCH y?Ke H CaMOMy
Ha,iarly XBaJIhIHCKOro Bera (HaIaJIO TpanerpecCHH). B BTOM y6e 1 aeT HaC TO
o6CTOHTeJIbCTB0, tITO cJopMHpoBatme BepXOB aTe.IbcFHx CyrJIHHKOB H HH3OB
XBaJImIHCKHx OTJIO?KeHHIH IIpOHCXOAHJIO B yCJIOBHHX IIpoxnaAHoro KJIHMaTa.
HaxoAKH B aTeJIbCKHx cyrnHHKax Elephas primigenius H Ap. (PpOMOB, 1948)
yKa3hIBa1OT Ha 3HwJHTe3IbHOe HoxoHIoJaHHe HJIIIMaTa B caMOM HaiIaJle xaaJlbIH-
cxoro BpeMeHH.
He)aBHHe HCCJIegoBaHHfi IIbIJIbgbI, IIpoBe)eHHble B. H. PpIs yxoM (1952,
1954), IIoHa3ann, LITO C HaKaJIOM (OpMHpOBaHHH HH?KHexBaJIhIHCKHx OTJIO
?KeHHIH H c KoHILOM HaIoruIeHHS aTeJIbcKHx cyr3IHHKOB CBH3aHO pacIIpocTpa-
HeHHe B HInHHeM HoBOJi?Hbe XBOHHmIX JIeCOB TaeHSHOrO THHa (emlb, HHxTa, cB6Hp-
CKHI3 KeAp, COCHa H Ap.), KoTOpMe, no MHCHHIO B. H. PpnilyHa, CMMHaJIHCb c
XBOlHbIMH JIecaMH HpeAKaBHa3bn H Cesepxoro HaBKa3a B paI3OHe Maxblqa.
0TJI0?KeHHFI xBaJIMHCxoro Hpyca HaH6OJIee mnpono pacnpOCTpaxexbI, 3a-
HJ4Mal ceBepHylo HpHKacHHYICKylo HH3MCHHOCTL B ee eCTOCTBeHHLIX IIpeAeJiax
(go ropH3OHTa3IH 45-50 M). MomHo cHa3aTb, LITO rpaHHubl HpIKacusdicxoii
HH3MeHHOCTn H ee reoMop(OJIOrHLIeCHHe LIePTbl B OCHOBHOM CBH3aHbi HMeHHO
c XBajimHcu0A TpaECrpecciaeI3.
HoHTHHeHTam6HmMH (Ha3eMHMIMH) ocaAKamn CaMbiX HH30B xBaJIhIHCKorO
Hpyca IIBJIHIOTCH TOJIbKO LITO paCCMOTpeHHble aTeJIbCKHe JIOCCOBHAHble cy-
rJIHHKH H cyIIecH. XBaJIMHCKHO MopeHHe OTJIOHSeHHs CeBepHOro HpHHacuHH,
Ha OCHOBaHHH cTpaTHrpa(HLIecKHx H najieOHTOJIorHgec nx AaHHbIx, no alia-
JIOrHH C BOCTOLIHMIM Ho6epembeM Racnnn MOryT 6MITb noApa3AeJIeHbl Ha gBa
OCHOBHOx ropH3OHTa: HH?KxeXBaJlbIHCHIHI H BepXHeXBaJImIHCKHII.
HHH{HexB aJIMHCIt He 0TJI0?KeHHFI HaH6OJIee IHHpOKo
pacnpocTpaxexbl H CB313aHMI c MaHCHMa3IbHOH TpaHcrpeccHBHOI3 ( )a3oI3 XBaJIbIH-
cxoro Mopa. MasclManlbxan rpaHHua 3TOro MopJ IIpnypo'IeHa HpUMepHO H
ropH3OHTa3IH 45-50 M. OHa IIOBCeMeCTHO BbIpamexa B penbe(e JIH60 B BHAe
geTHoH 6eperosoii JIHHHH TeppacM (HOAHO?Kbe CeBepxoro 'IHHHa YcTIOpTa,
IIpaBiaii 6eper Bo3Irs BMIIIe CTauunHrpa)a), JI1216o B wage JICHOro Hepera6a
CKJIOHa - 6eperonoI a6pa3HOHHOI3 JIHHHH (noAHombe 06Hiero CMpTa H Epre-
Heii). L,OBo21I uo sicHasi 6eperoBas JIHHH1I OTMeqaeTCSI TaHme Ha a6COJIIOTHOII
BBICOTe 20-22 M; oHa COOTBOTCTByeT ;aIIHLIM M. M. lEyroBa (1938), corilac-
110 KOTOPLIM ona fI)013OJ(HJIaCb K IOry OT AOJIHHLI MaIIbIHa IIa a6COJ[IOTHOr3
BbICOTe 100-140 M it no ((a6pamoulloMy yCTYHy B CTeHHbIX cyrnIHHKax)).
OJ);HaKO OTCYTCTBIIO J[a}KC CJIOJk0B xBaJIb11TCKO1 (f ayiibi BOCTOTIHee 3T011
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
rpaIIIII.[bI Ha OTMeTKaX 100-50 M II03BOJIRIOT He COrJIaCHTbCR C yna3aHHbIM He-
CJ1eJjOBaTeJIeM H IIpOBOAHTb 3aIIagHylo rpamIHB;y XBanbTHeRoro MopH B 3TOM pal4-
one HO BOCTOLIHOH OKpaHIIo IIOCKOB, pa3B14TbIX H ceBepy OT p. Tepon.
AOHa3aTOJIbCTBOM TOFO, tITO ycTyH, pa3B11TbILI y BOCTOgHO14 OKpaaHbl CTaB-
pOlIOJIbCKOH B03BbIIHCHHOCT11 Ha a6COJIIOTHOiI BbICOTO (HOgHOH#bo) 120 M, Ile
CB}I3aH C a6pa3IIeI3 He TOJIbKO XBaabIIIcnoro, HO 6anHHcioro H xa3apcnoro
MOpOJI, RBJIRIOTCR gaHHble,HOJIyLICHIIbIO Ha OCHOBaHHII 6ypeHHR.
B crBa?Klilie, 3am0?KeIIHoII HCCROJIbHO BOCTOLIHee yHOMfIHyToro yCTyIIa Ha
a5COJIIOTHbIX OTMeTxax o Iiojio 90 M 1, BCKpbIBaIOTCR (CBepxy):
1. r1epecnaHBaiolAuecn cyrniHKH II pbix.nxe rnxinCTLIe HCCtIaHHKH; II3pegKa BCTpe-
ilalOTCH npOCJOH CyrnHHI#OB KOMKOBaTOI4 CTpyKTypbl: MOIAHOCTb OKOJIO 100 M.
2. HH}He npeoo.aa)aIOT pblXnblC rnrIIHCTble necgaHHKH (c1 eMeHTHpOBaHHIIe cynecH
C HpOCJIOHMH cyrdauHxoB C paCTHTenbHIIMH OCTaTKaMH), o6u eii MOI..I HOCTbIO 90 50 M.
Ha rdly6Hne oHoao 165-170 M OT IIOBepXHOCTH 3aaeraIOT I'JIHHbI C Planorbis-
nepeXOj(HniiIC HEIWO B neCKH C 0611JILHOII anmeposci oii 4 ayuo a: Hyrcania subin,
termedia A n d r u s., Apscheronia propinqua E i c h w., Monodacna minor
Andrus. H gp.
TaKIIM 06pa3oM, Ben ToJIu a, HatIHHan C IIOBOPXHOCTH H go KpoBHJI aHHIe-
poHa, IIPOACTaBJICIIa HOHTHHeHTa3IbIIbIMH OTJIO?KOHHHMH H, CJIej{OBaTeJIbHO,
HH o HaIHX MopcHHx 6axHHCKHx, Xa3apCKHX WITH XBaJIbIHCRIrx oTJIOSI#eHHRx,
j(oxojjHI1 1IX go , HO M. M. -Hy-
ROBy) Off OJCHHBaCT B 90-100 M.
06Ha?I#eIIHO y Aep. XaM[IJ Me, or icaHIIoe M. M. Ky1#oBbIM. 6brJ1o AeTaJIbHO
o6cneAoBaIJo IlaMii B 1954 r.
3AOCb 3aneraroT ((',liepxy):
1 . YffiiOTlreinibie JHeceOBH)SIIBIO cyvJIMIRI'l, pe?He - cy_,301, CBeTJIo-naJIeBoro r;BOTa
McJJROIIOpIICTIie, IrecJIOHCThIC. IVIOLI[IIOCTJ OKOJIO 10 M.
2. IIJIaCT HOMHOBaTblx 6ypbix HJHH 6ypoBaTo-cepLIx cyrJIHHHOB, co ep?HawHX peAHHe
IIJloxo pa3J!animwo, pa(;rI1T0J1b11b10 ocTaTHn (riorpe6enHari roHBa). MOMIiocTb OROJIO
0,5-0,8 M.
3. Llepe)[OBaIIne CJIOMCTblx rJIHIIHCTbTx neCHOB (CyneCei) C pOJ[KHIMII HPOCJHOHMH CyrJIHH-
MOB H HOCOCJIOHCTLIx cepblx IIOC.HOB C MOJiIO13 raJIbrOII. MOH HOCT1, oxoao 7-8 M.
HH?HC Ha6Juo)iaeTc11 )3OBOJIbIIO HOCTOH01IIIbIII Bepexog H CJIOIO 4.
4. HecHH TeMH0-ccpr,l0, HOCOCJIOHC'1.'ble, c o6HJILHOII rajibico3I uopoi FJIaBHoro I-aBHa3-
cicoro xpo6Ta (TCM[nle CJHarnlril, rpaHHT, nop HPHT, TYID, HBapu), uo 10-15 cm
B AHaMeTPO (pc ice j o 0,3 M). AOCTriran 5-7 M BHAHMOH MOIIInOCTH, OIIM YXOAHT HO)j
ype3 BOAbl. 1`tpOBJiH aTHX IIOCHOB (raJIeTIHaHoB) HaI{JIOHeHa BHH3 IIo Te'ennio p. Tc-
peH H B6JIH3H yCT1J1 )SOJIHIITl Hypes yace pacnoJroscexa HHMi ypoBHH peHH.
HH?rce 110 Te=Ienruo TepCI#a, IIa ero HpaBoM 6epery, y CTaHHI[bI Pa3AoJIb-
HOC, TOJIMa JI6CCOBHA1IbIX HopoA COXpaHHOT O11FCaIIHbIII BbIHIO XapalcTep.
13epXH CO I1pCACTaBJICHbI yHIJIOTIIOIIIIbIMH MOJII{OHOp1CTbIM14 naiieBbIMH newioH-
CTbIMH cyInecriMH J1600013HAIIOro o6JIHI#a, MOIIIHOCTbIO 15-17 M. OHH IIOACTH-
JIaIOTCII 11pOCJI00M IICIICHOCJIOIICTbIX HaJIeBbIX cyuecelii go 0,5 M MOIr l1OCTbIO.
HHxce IIpOCJIO?1#HBaeTCH OTtICTJIHBMIII rOPH3OHT CepOBaTO-6ypoBaTbIX HOPHCTbIX
HOMI{OBaTMX, CHJIbiIO yHJ[OTHCIIrIbrx CyrJIHHr{oB (norpe6eHHan IIOLIBa), KOTO-
pble HOCTCHCIIHO IiCpCXOJ[HT BIIH3 13 603100 6ypbie CyrJIHH1#u C Apy3aMH rumba.
MOII.[HOCTb HX OI#ono 2 M. 3T11 OTJIOJI#OHH31 IIOCTe1eHHO CMBHI.IIOTCH BIIH3 BHa-
qano IIOCJIOHCTbIMH, a 3aTCM :IIOHCHOCJIOHCTLIMH YIIJIOTHOHHbIMH HaJICBbIMII
H COPOBaTO-HaJICBbrM11 CyIiOC}IMH H, p01#e, CyrJIHHI{aMH C 11JOCJIOIIMH
CepblX HCCI#OB. 131IAIIMar MOu[IIOCTb HH?1111011 IIOJIOBHHbI TOJIMH go 18-20 M.
CaMbie 1IH3bI O1IHCaIIIIbIX OTJIO?I#CIIIIII HMOIOT JIece0BuAHbIII XapaI{Tep. ,/a3iee
Ha BOCTOI# 110 J 0JTHHO Tepeua, Y COJI. 1:pyTOHpoBI{u, B 0CHOBaHIIH 6epero-
Boro o6pbrBa TOJIIi[a cyneceii 11 cyrJrFIII{oB croBa Hpuo6peTaoT Hencuyro
CJIOHCTOCTb.
TaHHM o6pa3OM, y CCBCpHOrO moAHo?I#br Tepcioro xpe6Ta pa3BHTa TOJIlla
AOBOJIb110 OAIIOPOAIIbrX y1IJIOTIIorr1IbIX. J16000BHAHbIX CyueCOII, 06pa3ylo Aan
TeppacOBUAIIyio HOBCpXIIOCT.b, HOJIOrO CIIH?I#a!0J1 IOCA. 1#ai# C 3aHaga Ha DOCTOR
(BHII3 110 T0L10111410 Tepoi#a), TaI# H OT 11peAroprii x AoJiF11e Tepei{a.
3Ta TOJiir a MO?I#OT 6.bITb IIOApa3AeJieua no MOHbmOII Mope Ha ABC LIacTH.
Hri?r#Hrin IIpOACTaBJICIIa 13 13epxax rraJleBbIMI1 11 CopOI3aTO-HaJIOBbIMH HOHCHO-
CJIOHCTbIMII, CHJIbHO yIIJIOTIIeHlI1IM1'I CyueCHMH, pence - cyrJIHHI#aMH C mOALIH-
HeHHbIM1r p0A1#HM11 11 MaJIOMo1I[IIbIMH HPOCJIOHMH IIOCI{OB, a H14MO - CJIOHCTbI-
MII rJI1IHHCTGIMIr HOCI#aMII, IICpoxogn I t1MH B IIecHH C raJIbl{OH. Ba)HMari MOn-
HOCTb go 15-20 M. 1-IH1I#IIf11 LIaCTb TOJHI[H BeHTIaeTCH OAHHM, a MOCTaMII AByMH
FOPH30IITaMII IICI#OIIaemo1/ HO103br. Bo BTOPOM CJIy'Iae 01111 6bIBaIOT pa3'Ae3ICHbI
IIpOCJIOeM IIaJIOBbIx CyIICCCII go 1-2 M MOM1IOCTbIO. M0I4HOCTb norpo6eanaIX
IIOLIBOHHbIX FO H 3OHTOB AOCTHraeT 0,5-0,8 M. OCHOBaHHe 9THX H011B LIaCTO 3a-
rHHCoBaHo. 13epxiirru LIaCTb TOJIIL[H CXOAIIa no CBOCMY BHOHIHeMy 06JIHI#y C
HH?I#IIeiI. OIIa IIpCACTaIJICI-1a HOCJIOHCTLIMff MCJIr#OIIOpnCTbIMH, CHJIbHO yIIJIOT-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HeHHrIMH naJTelmIMH H 11 eJITOBaTo-na1IeBbIMt JIeCCOBHAHbIMH CyHOCHMH H
cyrnhllHxaMH. MOMHOCTb HX HOJIe6JIeTCn OT 12 go 20 M.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, HH?HHHH LIaCTb onhcaHHOn TOJHHH HaH HO COCTaBy, TaK
n no XapaK1'epy CJIO14CTOCT14 npeACTaBJIHOT C060H APOBHHO aJIJIIOBHa.ibHbie OT-
JIO?xennn Tepexa, a 1.103TOMy TOppaCOBHAHyIO noBepXHOCTb, pa31314TyI0 y Ce-
Boplioro noj iiombfl TepcHoro xpe6Ta, MW HHO paCCMaTpHBaTb Half caMyIO
ApOB11i0I0 TCppacy Tepcxa, CHpbITyIO noA TORIAO1I Ha3eMHbIx (IIOxpOB11bIX)
J16CCOBIJAIILIX CyrHHHxOB.
M. M. HHyxoB (1938), ocxonbIBanCb Ha TOM, *ITO ceBepiee T o.IHIIM Tepexa
B 3TIIX CyrlllhxaX Bbipa6OTali yCTyn, no ero MHOHHIO a6pa3HOHHbII3 11 OTIlOCF1-
IIUIinCH H XBannbIHCxoMy BpeMeHH, AaTHpoBanl HX H01IIAoM Xa3apeRoro Bexa,
T. 0. oTO?xAecTBJIflJT OTMOLFOHHLI0 JIOCCOBnAHble 1OpOAb1 C aTeJIbCITHMII OTJIO-
HfeHIIflMIi HrIn uIei'o HOBOJTnu 1l. HO BHOIHHOMy BHAy o1H Ae13CTBHT0J1bH0 CXOA-?
HbI C aTOJIbCxHMH JIOCCOBHAHbIMH CyrJITIIIHaMH H CyneCflMH, *iTO, BepOnTHO, cun-
3aHO C BeHOTOp1iIM reHeTiPTeclHM POACTBOM 3THX 06pa3OBaHHH. Mo?xHo BI1OJIHO
COrJIaCIIThCJI C 60JIbIHHHCTBOM HCCJIegoBaTenefi, LITO JI6CC0BHAHb1e n0xpOBHIhIO
CyrHIHHRH H cynecH Tepcxoro xpe6Ta H CTaBpOnOJIbCnoR BO3BbIIHOHHOCTIr
npeACTa1BJIH1OT co60H npOAy1T AeiiioBHaJIbHO-npOJIIOBHaTibHOPO CHoca c 1303-
BbIH1eHHOCTei npH yiIaCTHH, BHAIIMO, 13 110JIOBOH axxyMyRRAHR.
CTpaTnrpa(ITLIeCHOO rIOJIO5x0HHe 3T11X ocajKOB He B1OJI1Ie gcHo. MbI HO
Mo?xeM corJIaCHTbCH C M. M. ~UyxOBmIM OTHOCIITeJIbHO aTOJibCKOrO BO3paCTa
JIOCCCBHAHbIX (((CTenHLIX))) CyFJIHHHOB, xax H C XBa3IbiHCHHM Bo3paCTOM pea-
HbIX Teppac Tepexa, BJIO3xe1IHbIx B JI6CCOBHAHy10 TOJ1IUy (CM. HH1xe). ECJ111
Mopena, Ha HOTOpOH 3aJieraloT 3TH CyFJII1H}H B paiiOH0 rOpbl HaMeHHOI3 (PeIiH-
rapA, 1935), AeiICTBHTeJIbHO OTBegaeT xpyHHOMy OJIeAeHeHHI0, 6oniee ApeB-
HeMy, 'IeM pHCClfoe (AHenpoBCxoe), TO, no HanIeMy MHeHHIO, npaB A. JI. PeiIH-
rapA, OTHOCHBIIIHI3 J16CCOBHAHble nopoAbi ceBepnoro CiJiona TepCHOrO xpe6Ta
H 6aRnncHoMy BpeMeHH. B. H. FpOMOB (1940), OTMeqafl aHaJIOPHLIHbie CyrJIHH-
1f1 11a 35-40-McTpOBoii Teppace Tepexa, B ero cpeAHeM H BepxileM TetIeHHH,.
l'OBOpHT 0 pHCCROM Bo3paCTe MOpeHbI, nOrpe6eHHOII 1OA OTJIOHCeHIIHMH 3TO11
Teppacbl. B TO }xe BpeMf1 143 OTJIO?xeHn13 BepxHeii Toppaci Tepena B paRoHe
Mo3Acxa OH 1PHBOAHT (ay1ly no3BOHOTHbix - Bison priscus H Megaceros
sp., 6J1113KHX, no ero MHeHiilo, H (xa3apcnOMy) 1OMHJIOI{Cy HH1x-
H6i BOJITH. Teppaca 3Ta BJIO?xeHa B TOJII[I JIOCCOBHAHbIX nopo H 6e3ycJIOBHO
MOJIoHIe HX H, TeM 6o3iee, MOJIO?Ke ynOMnIHyTOIS MopOllbi. B. H. rPOMOB (1940)
CquTaeT, TITO BLICOxafl (IV) 40-MCTpOBafl TeppaCa Bepx ero TeieHHn Tepexa.
(paiioH r. OpA?xoHHiHA3e), 3aKJI10iIaIoMafl B ocnoBaHHH Mopelly H nepoHpbi-
Tan JICCCOBHAHbIMH cyrJ114HxaMH, x CeBepy HorpynlaeTCH, yTIacTByfl, TaxaM:
06pa30M, B BOpTHxaJIbHBIX ABH?IOHII1X BeCbMa 6o3ibf01I aMHJIHTyAB1.
HH?xHOTepe'HbIIi ropII30HT, xax HaM xa?xeTCH, MOMCT HpeACTaBJIHTL.
co6oi (JIJIIOBHor3IhIIUHa3iLHbie OTJIO?xeHHH, COOTBOTCTByIOII[HO MOpeHe, 3aJIe-
raioHjeIT B OCHOBaHHH 40-McTpOaoi TeppaCbl B paz3one r. OpA?xoHHHHA?e.
TaIHM o6paaoM, in BHAe npeABapHTOJIbHoro BbIBOAa 0 CTpaTHrpa(J1HLIeCHOM
nOJ10?xeBHH J16000BHAHOH TOJ11UH, pa313HTOH y ceBepIIoro HOAHO?xbH TepcEor&
xpe6Ta, H HOACTHJIaIOIIjHX ce IIOCxOB H raJle'IHHioB MO?EHO CilHTaTL, *ITO eCJIH
nocJIOAHHe B IlaROu-TO Mepe OTBOLIaIOT Mopelle ((MHHAeJIbcuoro) o3IeJeHeHHH
(caioro xpynHOro B gellTpaJibHOM HaBHa3e, no A. JI. POHHrapAy), TO 3aJI0-
raiowan BbiHIe C IOHCTaJI rjiHHncTO-neCTiaHan, pence -- CyFJIHHI1CTaf1 Ton u a
(nn?xHnn 'iaCTb ((J1000OB19IIOn TOJin[HA) (JOpMITpOBa3iacb yme B KOHgO 8TOr0
OJIOAeHOHIIn (HJIH BO BTOpOH ero IIOJIOBHIIC) H OAHOBpeMOHHIO 6axHHCKOMy
apycy. Torja rOPH301ITLI norpe6ennbix no'B, Be11aioMne HH?HHiolo LIaCTI.
TOJIH[H, MoHIno paccMaTpHBaTb xax o6paaoaanHfi, C((opMHpoBaHHble B Me?xJIeA-
HIIxOBbO (.?), HJ1H HHTepCTaAHaJi.
Hax0n3IOHne Bepxneii TIaCTH TOJI141 J1000OBHAHb1X CyrJIHHHOB, BCpOHTHO,.
HponcXOA11JIO B 3noxy Haxoro-TO OJIeAyloigero OJIeAeHerIHrx HaBHa3a, OTBeLIaB-
H1ero2 B03MO?HHO, ypyHAMHHCIOI3 Tpaxcrpeceun Haciniff.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
B HpCAOJIax HccJICJ(oBaHHOH IIaMH B 1951 H 1954 rr. 4aCTH AOJIHIIbI TepeHa
OT HH3JIfipa go p. Ifypbl (3alaAI-Iee M03Aoi{a) xopomo BblpamciibI ileTblpe
naAnoriMeI!ii o TeppaCbI II ABC HOBCPXIIOCTH B o6JIaCT14 HOHMbI (I iir. 63-68).
CaMafl BbicoHafI (J[pe13J1MJ) Teppaca, TIOTBOPTaa CHH3y, HMCCT BbICOTV 9pO-
314OIIHOH TIHEIIIH Hag ype3OM peiCll 18 11ml. BHAHMO, OHa COOTBOTCTByeT 15-20-
McTpOBOH TeppaCe, OTMOz1011IIOH 13. H. FpOMOBbIM (1940) B paioHe P. OpAAioBH-
HHA~e. 3Ty Teppacy 13. 11. hIOMOB UIHTaJI BTOpol, Tax xai Ham I H II Teppacbi
BbJ CJIf Allei, HM HaH II01iMa. A6COTIIOTIIb1e OTMeTI{H TeppaCbI CHH?IfaIOTCFI 01
142 (Pa3IIoJibroe) go 95 M (HpyTOHpoBIna). B fOCJICAHeM cJIyiIae IV Teppaca,
B pe3yJIbTaTO IIOAIIFITHH AAy1opTCHo1I ewiagHH, HMeeT BbICOTy Hag percoi AO
33 M.
t-Ie'ruepTafI Teppaca TepoiCa momma cepbTMH HecHaMH c raJIbHo), MoIIZ-
HOCTbIO 5-8 M, ECOTOpMe 3aJIC1'aIOT Ha pa3MbITOFI HoBepXHOCTH JIeCCOBHAHbIX
CyIOCell H CyI'JUlBROB BepXHCH HIaCTH TOJIHjH. ECHH CyAHTb 110 pa3pe3aM y
Pa3AOJ[bI-IOrO, 03epHOII (Betio-ICpT), HpyTOHpOBICH H J[p. TO Bpe3, HpeJ[IIIe-
CTBOBaBIIIHII HaICOrIHe.IIHIO ocaJ1;I oB IV TeppaCbl, 6bIJl AOBOJIbHO 3HagHTeJIeH
H J1;OCTHI-aJI, HO-BHAF1MOMy, OT 25 go 50 M. QAHauo J[OJIHHa Toro BPeMeH1,1 He
6bJHa HepeyrHy6iiena IIO OTIIOIH0IIH10 Ii COBpeMeIHOH.
TpOTMJ Teppaca Tepexa 1303BminaeTCH Hag ype3oM pexu Ha 8 M y Pa3AOJIb-
Here, Ha 11-12 M y HpyTOfIpOBICH2. A6cOJIIOTHMe OTMOTHH ee CHH?HaIOTCIT
COOTBOTCTBOII110 OT 132 go 78-80 M. OT IV Teppacli OHa OTAeneHa YCTYHOM
H4-6m. CJIO?ICe11a III Teppaca CepbIMH IleexaMH c raJMHOH, allaHOFHtlHbIMH He-
cHaMH IV TeppaCbI. 3TO AaeT ocuoHaIIHe OTBOCHTb CJOpMHpOBaHHe IV H III
Teppac x OAIIOMy 1 FrnJIy. He HCICJIIOLIeHa B03MOH HOCTb TOrO, HTO HOBepXHOCTb
III TeppaCbI BpO3alla B OTJIOH OIIHH IV TeppaCbI,'-ITO BHOJIHC corJIacyeTCn c AaH-
HbIMII M. M. -IEyxOBa (1938), B OTJIHqHc OT CXeM B. H. FpomoBa (1940), H30-
6pamaBIB0I'o III (er0 I) Teppacy Ivan BJIO?EC0HHy1O B OTJIO?xeHHH IV TeppacbI.
Ileum, CJIaraIOILJC 9TH TeppaCbI, HpeACTaBJIeHbI He BHOJIHe OxaTaHHMMH
3epHaMH H 110 BCerAa XopolHO COpTHpOBaIIbI. OHH COAepIKaT 3 yrnnoBaTble o6-
JIOMHH TCMHbMX ' MCTaMOf C HLICCICHX IIOpOA (110-BHAHMOMy, iopcHHe cJIaiiAbI),
3ep11a KI3apHa, porOBCH o6MaHI{H, 11BpROHa, a1HAOTa, TypMannuIIa, CHIOAbI 13
ApyrHx MHllepaJloB. I'aiibIta xopomo oxaTaHa H HpeAOTc`lBJIeHa B OCHOBHOM
TOMB we BopoAaMH, a Tax?HO rpaHHTOM, HOPIIHPHTOBbIM TycJJOM, xBapueM
H Ap. IIpeo6JiajaiougaFt Macca 9THX oTJIOn ei-mfi HpejcTaunneT co60II ApeBHHII
aruuiioBHLI Tepelfa ti cun3aIIa c pa3MbIBOIVI nopo 1'JIaBHoro RaBna3cnoro xpe6-
Ta. 3T14 OTJIO?ICCIIHa M. M. HHyuoB (1938) BbIAOJIFIJI Hall o6JIHKa.
BTopan Teppaca Tepena, Ccf OpMIIpoBaxxan nociie 3HauuTejIbaoro Bpe3a
pCIII B OTJIOMOHIIH III H IV Teppac, J[OJI?KHa OTBe'IaTb MaKCHMaJImHOMy CTOH-
HUIO XBanIbIHCKoro MOpH, TaK Kan B paIIOHe LIepBJleuHafl - Y3JIOBa}I (CM.
4iHr. 68) H BparyHbi 3Ta Teppaca cJIHBaeTCfl C HOBCpXHOCTbIO XBaJIbIHCKOII
TeppaCbI Ha a6COJIIOTHbIX OTMeTHax 45-48 M, K HOTOpbIM BOCTOLIHee (CM.
HHxce) IIpHypoHeH 6eporoBoif Bali, oTMegaioinHi3 IIpegen pacupocTpaHOHHM
HH1nHeXBaJIrIHCnoro MOpa. B IIOJIb3y Tanoro COIIOCTaBJIeHHfn rOBOpHT 13 3Ha-
qHTeJlbHOe pacmmlpeHIHe II Teppacbl, CBH3aHHOO C IIO) I1OPOM BOJ[ B 3HOxy Ma-
KCUMaJIbHOIi paHHeXBaJIbIHCHOi3 TpaHCrpeCCHH. B TO me BpeMfl III H oeo6eHHO
IV TeppaCbI Tepena. o6piaBaloTCfl K Mopcnoll xBajiblllcKofi noBCpxxocTII Kpy-
TbIM yCTyHOM, LITO else pa3 IIOJ(TBep?KJ[aeT HCBO3MO1KHOCTb COHOCTaBJIeHHfJ
3TIIX Teppac C XBaJIMHCKHM 6acceIIHOM. IIepBaH Teppaca TepeKa, BbICOTOA
2-2,5 M, COOTBOTCTBYCT BTOpOI (ia3e XBaJIbIHCnoro 6accei%iHa - no3gHeXBa-
JIbiHCHOMY BpeMeHH. ,IlpeBHnn nolMa H IIOIMa L OJI?KHbi OTBe'IaTb HOBOKaCIIHII-
CKOMY BpeMeHli.
2. RABRA3CROE IIOBEPE)1fbE RACIIHfCROro MOPIJ
B ripeAeJiax BCOTO IIo6epexcbfl, OT pai"loxa CT. ryJ(epMee go MbiCa AJIFIT,
MO KHO BbIgeJIHTb CJICJ(yIOH;He ytlaCTKH:
a) IIpegropHaH nonoca BJ;OJIb CeBepHoro CKJIOIIa RaBKa3a (OT CT. PyJI BOCTOgIIee Bepxaero LIap-IOpTa.
1 - Isopeulr,Ie rIopoohi; 2 - rane2HUIH; I - nec1H; 4 - nemiaHIIHn
(o6JloMlcl[), D. ox gr. crassa E i c 1l w., D. sp., Dreissensia all. ponto-cas-
pica A n d r u s., Dr. polymorpha, Dr. rostriformis.
Xapaicrep (IMY111l oHpO)~CJIOHHI0 yimblBaCT Ha BepxHe6aHaiICImH B03paCT
Teppacbl. Hecicom.uo mace no cicJIOHy, Ha BiICOTo 1.72 (200) M, IIMOOTCH Talclice
oileHb XOpOHIO Bblpa?[COHHBH Teppaca, CJIOHcOHHan allajiorkigIIbIM MBTepHaJIOM
C BICJIIOYOHHOM 06JIOM1 OB palcymLIH, Cp0JIPI IcoTOpOl MOHCHO y3HaTb Didacna
ex gr. rudis N a 1. 11 6JIIi33lcxe K ileli (JopMbii. OHa oTHOCIITCH, 110-BII, aMOMy,
IC 60Jfee n03J(HOMy Bp0MOH1[. Oo'e 3TII Teppac i JjOBOJIhHO CHJIbIlO pa3MbITbI H
O6pa3yIOT OT)jeJIblbIO OCTaIII[bI.
Ha a6COJI1OTI10il BbICOTo 200-220 M Teppacollan HOBO XHOCTb npoCJle?1cH-
.BaeTCH Z(OBOJIbI.O xopomo II 3allaJ(I1ee. Taic, Y CT. PyAepMec ((1LIr. 70) Ha CIcIIOHB
rop IIa 3TOYI BaICOTO HaMeLIaoTCH nJIOWaJjIIa, CJIOHIeHHaH C IIOBO XHOCTH ra-
.JIegiIHicaMH. B BOCTOLIIIOII HaCTH BparyHCicoro Xpe6Ta pa3BHTa TeppacoBH HaII
rIOBCpXIIOCTb na a6conllOTl-1OLI BLICOTe of wio 200 M, icoTopafI Ta}?Ice CHO?FCeHa
raIIOLIIII1HaMII. OTJio?KOIIIIn, o6pa3yioa i'ie 3TH IIOBepXHOCT[I, xapalcTepn3yIoTC}I
j(OBOJIhHO HJIOXOII COpTHpOBICOH H ouaTaHHOCTbIO MaTeplaHa H ne CO)I ?Ic T
( ayllbI, LITO BMOCTO C reoMop(J)oJIormiociCHMH AaHIIbIMH yua3blBaOT Ha HX peLI-
Hoe npOI'ICXOHcL CIIH0. 1.foaTOMy MOIIcHO npoguoJIaraTb, HTO BbIPOBHOHHa}I n0-
BOpXHOCTb B pa1loue FyAepMeca npej[CTaBJIHOT Co6oII peLIHyIO Teppacy ApeBHCII
Cyniui, OZ(IIOBO3paCTIIyfO BepxHe6aICHIICIC0H Teppace 6onlee BOCTOTIHbIX pali-
OHOB.
B paiioIie imixo ja JjonIHIIbl p. AIccaii 143 Hpe,I(ropHI3 TalcHce Ha6JIIOJjaeTC33
TeppaCOBafI lOBC XIIOCTI iia BTICOTe 200-210 M, I{OTOpafI, rroCToneHio nO-
BbII1IafICb, IIpOCJIO?iclHBaeTCH I IICpX no JjoJ iIHO Aiccan B BIIAO iieTISOII pe'IHOII
Teppacbl. Ha HpaBOM 6epery lia B1'ofI Teppace pacnOJIO?ICCHO coll. Tyx iap.
COBepuoi'O CICJIOII'I npej(ropiyi Teppaca paClllHPFJOTC}I H o6pa3yeT cBOero
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
po a L peBHIOIO ) OJIbTy HJIH, Clcopee, o61nHprn,ii H BecbMa no iorri HOHYC BbI-
Hoca, IIOBepXHOCTb ROTOporO IIOJioro cHHHCaeTCH B CTOpoxy HH3MeHHOCT T.
3TOT ApeBHHI3 HOHYC BbIHOCa, Hail H CBH13axxaH C HHM Teppaca AHCaa, CJItY1Henrj1
CJIOHCTOII ToJIHLer3 rpy6blx, xopOLHO o1aTaHHMx raJletiHHHOB H I{OHrJIOMepaToI3
C IIOJ[gIHHCHHbIMH IIpOCJIOHMH 1HOJITmIX CyHeCeli, o61gei MOJJ HOCTbIO 5oriee
20-25 M. MCCTaMH B14 HO, tITO 3Ta TOJIIga 3aJHeraeT Ha CHJI1,HO pa3MhITOII no-
BepXHOCTH CBCTJIbIX 6ypOBaTO-1IIOJIThIX, CHJIbHO yIIJIOTHeHHLix HOCJIO11CTbI$
JIeCCOBHgHbIX cyIIeceri n cyrJIHHHoB. B1iAIIMaH MOII[HOCTb ROCTHraeT IHeCVOab?-
HHX McTpoB. XapaHTep OTJIOIIleHIIII yHa3blBaeT Ha Ha3CM:EIble yCJtoBllli 13X
( opMHpoBaHlri.
(Dnr. 70. IIpoc Haib ~Iepea Teppacbl B pa%ioae ryuepMeca
,L peBHea3IJIIOBHa3IhHble rpy6ble raJIetJHHIlH H xoIrJIoMepaTbl, o6pa3y10IqHe
IIOBepXHOCTb TeppaCbI H HOHyCLI BLIHOca, no CBOeMy rIncoMeTpHtlecHOMy IIO-
JIO1HeHHIo, HcaIC H omicaHHasi IIOBepXHOCTb Y PygepMeca, 6JI113111i 11 BepXHe6a-
HHHCHOII Teppace. Torga 3aJleraIOIAHe B HX OCHOBaHHH Ha3eMHble cynecH H
CyrJIHIIHH J[OJI1HHbI HJIH COOTBeTCTBOBaTb CaMLIM IIH3aM 6aimHCHoro gpyca,
win ABJIHIOTCH 6OJIee J[poBHHM13 anluepoHcxo-6aHHHCHHMH o6pa3oBaHHHMH
(TlopI HHcxax To3IIIja).
BecbMa xapaHTepxbie BJIoHCeHIIble gpyr B Jtpyra ra3legHHHOBLIe Teppacbl
H J;peBHHe J;eJIbTbI pa3BHTbI y BLIXOZ(a H3 IIpegrop1H go3IHHbi p.CyrlaH ((Hr. 71).
CaMaa I3bICOIlaTI IIOBepXHOCTb o6pa3OBaHa TOJIII 11 HOHrJIOMepaTOB, 000TOH-
l 1TX H3 rpy6oii raimmi, MOIL HOCTb1o 5-8 M H 6OJlee, 3a3Ieraiou el3 Ha pa3Mbi-
TOII IIOBepXHOCTH Ha1CJioHeHHbTX OT rop J OtIe'TBepTHiIHLIx IIOpo . OHa IIOJIOro
Haruioxexa OT IIpegropnII, rge J[oCTHraeT OTMeTOTI 200-250 M, B CTOpOHy HH3-
McHHOCTH. 3T0 Tall IIa3LIBaeMasi 3. ?1Ce.nTOBaTbie H TcJerr0-Hafreimio yrrZOTHeHHbie cynecH. MongiOCTb 2 M.
> 4. CBeTJ1o-6yp6re H FIaJIOBblO KOCOCJIOHCTmIe HeCKH, uepecnaHBaioiJ riecri CO CJIOHCTL1MH
ceponaTo-OyponaTbiMH rJIHIIaMH. MOruulocTb 3 M.
> 5. HpocJioii cepbix rreciOB. Mon nOCTm 0,3 M.
Q2' 6. TeMrlo-naJreBble ynJIOTIIeHHbie HeCJiOHCTbie cyra HnHn co CJIO)aMH paCTHTeJIbHb1X OC-
TaTHOB, ISOTOpMe B HH3ax HOCTeHeHHO HePeXOAIT B CJIOI3 7.
10 TpyAbl rHH, B. 10
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
QhZ 7. Cnoicmre rnrHHCTbie neciw. 06a a i MOHIHOCTb cnoeB 6 H 7 oxoJTo 8 M.
)> 8. ACTpMTyCOBbie cBeTno- KeJ1Tme nectiaHHHH npH6pemuoii CJIORCTOCTH, a raimi o n
paicyiuci - Didacna nalivkini Was s., D. nalivkini -- D. surachanica A n d r u s.,
D. aff. vulgaris A n d r u s., Adacna plicata E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha
P a I I., HpeACTaBJICHIIOA B 6OJI,bIUHHCTBe cJiyKaeB oitaTaHHbIMH 2HseMnnnpaMH H
o6noMHaMH. M0TIIHOCTb JIo 0,5-0,7 M.
u 9. HococnoncTbre neeHH C paxOBHHaMH Didacna
h2
Q2
ovatocrassa P r a v., D. ex. gr.
nalivkini W a s s., Mono-
dacna caspia E i c h w., Adac-
na plicata E i c h w., Dreis-
sensia polymorpha. MoiIHOCTb
0,2 M. HHSHe, nocne 11enori
JI1{HH pa3MaIBa, 3aJieraCT
cJ1oli 10.
N2-Q1 10. TJinnxcTSTe necsn, nepexo-
AflruHe HHHte B r iHHbl. BHAuMafl
MOII[HOCTb OHOi0 2 M.
XapalcTep iayxbi cJioen 8 i
9 II03BOJIaeT OTHOCHTb HX K Bep-
xaM xaaapcxoro slpyca. A6co-
JIIOTHa1i OTMeTRa HJIaCTa nectiaHH-
HOB of oiio 45 M; BBepx no AOJIHHe
OH IIOCTeneHHO yXOAHT IIOA 110-
BepXHOCTb AHHma AOJIHHbi (Hum
BbIHJIHHHBaeTCH) Ha OTMeTKax
olcoJlo 50-55 M.
IIpoCJIeHSHBaiI orHcaHHbie OT-
JIOHieHHH B1IH8 HO AOJIHHe Ulypa-
O3eHb, OTMeTHM eule oAHO xapaK-
Tepaoe o6HaxceHHe y cell. faM-
xaJl-TepMeH. Ha npaBOM 6epery
peKH 3Aecb o6HaxcaIOTCH (cBepxy):
1. Cyncen c o6aoMHaMH xaaapcrnx
nec'aHHHOB H HOCTflMH (HyJIb-
Typmilii U109). MOH.IHOCTb I M.
2. PhlxnhiH raJIc'IHHHOBb!H nonrJIo-
Mepar, nepoe iansaiouus cn c
CyHecnMH. MoiunoCTb 1,5 M.
neCtIaHHH, COCTOHIgsH H3 CHJIbHO
a)Hr. 75. Pa3pea neBoro 6epera p. fypa-03enb Qs
QbZ2 3. TeTpHTycoBo-paHymetIHbri3 HaBecTHOBHCTbiii
osaTaHHbix o6noMHoB paxymn n peAHHx raJrex. CpeAH paicymn opnejenciibi
Didacna ex. gr. nalivkini W a s s. MO 1IHOCTb I M. Hume HescHOM JTMHfH paaMbrsa
aaneraoT cJiou 4.
> 4. CnonCTbie TeMBO-naneMe nectlaHHCTETe rJIHHM c Monodacna caspia E i c h w.,
Dreissensia polymorpha P a I I., Clessiniola. Monuiocm 1,5 M. BHH3 OHM IIOCTe-
IIeH110 IIOpeXOAHT B CJIOii 5.
5. HecnowCTbie cyriHHHn C paCTHTenbHhTMH OCTaTHaMH, MorgnocTbxo 2,5-3 M, HOTO-
pme B CBOIO otiepeAb CMeHHIOTCH rnBHaMM CJIOS 6.
b 6. EypoBaTo-cepIIe neCHaHHCTbie rnHHbl c Dreissensia polymorpha. MomHocm McHee
0,5 M.
7. Puuxnbrii I'nHHHCThIFI IIecgaHHIt, Hepenonnennblli Bepxnexa3apcHHMn paHOBHHaMM
Didacna nalivkini W a s s., D. nalivkini -> D. surachanica A n d r u s., D. na-
livkini -+ D. delenda B o g., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1. MOTIUHOCTb Ao 0,5 M.
Hr ne - peai an Jlllllaii paaMhlBa, epeaaIOu(an xpyTO HaxnoHeHHbie AotIeTaepTnq-
Hago OTMeTHTI, COIIOCTaBHMOCTb ABYX IIOCJIeAHHX 06Ha rdeHTIfi. HJIaCT AeT-
pHTyCOBOrO H3BeCTHOBHCTOrO IiectlaHHKa c OKaTaHHbIMH Bepxnexa3apenHMH
ABAAKHaMH npOCJteHdHBaeTCS1 HenpepMMBHO MexcAy 3THMH TOLIHaMH. BHAOBOH
COMB paHymH H ee OHaTaHHOCTB AOBOJIbHO onpe)eJIeIIHO yIa3blBa1OT Ha TO,
MTO IJ OPMHpOBaHHC nec9aHHKOB CBH3aHo c nepeoTJIOMe1IHeM B npn6pea noI3
3oae 6OJtee ApeBHIHX ocaAKOB. HOCJIeAHMe no CBoeH (aytIe AOJIHCHbl 6MTb OT-
H9CeHBI Tal?Ke HO BTOpOI3 noJIoBHHe xaaapexoro BeKa, Ho HeCHo3IbHO Apenxee
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
nJtacTa necttaHllmoB. 3amoIloMepHaa cmeHa npH6pemmmix MOpcmliX OTJIOxceHHII
(CM. mooJiegH ii pa3pe3) CHatlama onpeCHeHHbIMII, 3aTeM Ha3eMHbIMH (pacTH-
TeJIbHble OCTaTIfII), cnoBa OnpeCHeHHbiMII H Aamee nplI6pcmHLIMII Mop-
CHIIMn-CBJAeTeJIbCTByeT o riepepini0 Mopcmoro ocagmonamonmennfl.
Tam1M o6pa3oM, AOJIHHa Jllypa-03eHb BCHpbIBaOT ABe OCHOBIIblO Teppaco-
Bble TOJIHUH - 6OJiee ApeBHIoI0, HH?mIIexa3apcmyIO Teppacy Ha a6co3lloTnoH
BbICOTO 110-120 M H 60Jree MoHIOAyIO - BepxHexa3apcmyio. IIocjieg fiu,
pactlJleHHrIOb Ha3eMHbIMH o6pa30BaHHrJMH Ha ABa IIpOCJIOfi MopCHHX ocaAHOB,
QTHr. 76. JTeBbTI3 6eper p. IIIypa-03m.. B pa3pe3e, o6Ha?IfaIOTCn npOJIIO-
BHaTIbHble ranne4HHHH H cyneen, 3aJleraIOnr1e IIa Bepx$exa3apcHHx npH6pexc-
HbIX H3BeCTHfIISax (HJrHTa, Ha HOTOpOI3 CTOHT 1IOJIOBOIf)
He o6pa3yeT MOptJOJIOFWItIOC}H Bblpa?meHHOi TeppacbI, a 3aJIeraeT B BHAe iJia=
CTa npl16pemmHblx MOpdi X OTJIO?meHHH, nepempblTOro 6OJiee MOJIOAbIMH npo-
iiioBHaJIbllo-aJIJIIOBIIaJIbIIbIMH raJietlHHmaM}, a 6JIn?me u MopIO - MOpCHHMH
XBaJIAIHCHHMH OTJIOHceHIIHMII.
raJiegHnmOBble nporIIOBHamMro-aiiiiioBnaJIbHbre OTJIo meHHfi Hnnfe H30THHCbI
40-50 M nepeoTJlo?melibI BOJIHaMH XBaJIbIHCHoro (paHHeXBaJIbIHCmoro) MopfI.
McCTaMH coxpaHiJlcJ ApeBIIIIII 6eperoBOIi Bamm, npnypo*ienrlbH3 m a6coJnoT-
nblM OTMeTI{aM 45-48 M, 1OTOpbI1 CJIOmmen XOpOflO OHaTaHHmMH H COpTnpO-
BaIIHbIMII rajIetirinmamH H CepbIMH neCmaMn c OneHb peARRMn o6JIOMmaMn McJI-
mnx xpyrimnx Didacna aff. parallella B o g. H Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1.
3TOT Batt xopomo Bblpa?meH y noAIIo mba 6oJIee BbICOHOII BepXHexa3apcmoI3
Teppacbi (6eperoBan JIHIIHH -}-80 M) BOCTOtInee AoJIIltlbl p. CysIaI{ II IIpociienii-
BaeTCft Ho HanpanJlennr0 m r. MaxatimamIa. OTHOCHTOJIbHaH BbICOTa BaJia
1-1,5 M; IIIHpIIHa 10-15 M.
reoMop(o.norntiecmoe noJro?menne 6eperonoro Bamma Y TOAHO?mbfl ycTyna
xa3apcmoil Teppacbr, a Taimme (JaylIa MOJIJIIOCHOB yma3brBaloT Ha ero paHHexBa-
nbIHCHIIH Bo3pacT. BecbMa cyIi eCTBerrmO, tITO ero a6COJIIOTHasI BmICOTa BnoJIIIe
COOTBeTCTByeT noJIO?menllIO BepxneI3 rnnCOMeTprltiecmoI/ rpaHHI bI pacrrpocTpa-
HeHnfl HI?mHeXBaJIbIHCHIIX OTJIom1eHHI3 B npeAemax Tepcmo-RymexoII IIH3MeH-
HOCTH, a Tammme B CeBOPHOM HpnmaCnnn H Ha BOCTOtHOM 6epery Hacnnncmoro
Mopft.
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C anoxog IopMHpoBaHIIg HHncaexBajIBIHcHoro 6eperoBOro BaJia (ManeH-
MyMa TpaHcrpeCCHH) HaAo, HO-BHAIIMOMy, cBFI3bIBaTb BTOpyIO pe'IHyIO Teppacy
p. Cynan. e3Ta Teppaca CIIJIbHO pa3MblTa H cOxpaHHJIaeb JIIIIIIb B BHge OTAeJIb-
HBIX OCTaHikoB. TaH, B paiiOHe cell. HHncHHii LIHp-IOpT Ha HpaBOM 6epery
Cynaxa oHa HMeeT BbicoTy Hag penoii go 10 M, HJIH ono io 50-53 M B a6co-
Th OTHbIX oTMeTHax. Teppaca npeHMyuAecTBeHHo aIHyMyJIHTHBHaFI. HanonJIe-
nrno ee npeAIIlecTBOBaJi BHeprHJHbn3 Bpe3 penes n 80-McTpoBylo xa3apcnyio
Teppacy, HOTOpbn3 CBfl3aH c nocaexa3apcnoil perpeccneii.
BepxxeXBaJ1BIHCHHe OTJIOHSeHHH, pa3BHTbie B npegeiiax 06HIHpHOI3 Tepcno-
F yMCHOH HH3MeHHOCTH, orpaHHqeHbI Ha lore (rJIaBHbIM o6pa3OM ceBepnee JiH-
HHH meae3HOi3 goporH) 0TLIeTJIHBOi1 6eper0Boi3 JIIIHIIeiI, HoTopan Bblpamena
B BHAe HJIH ranexIHHHOBo-necgaHoro 6eperonoro BaJia, HJIH gpeBHeil 6eperoBoi3
JIHHHH y nogHOn{b$I 60Jiee BmCOHOH Teppacbl H pacnononfeHa Ha BEICOTe 0-2
(28-26) M.
CeBepnee CT. TeMHproe, B page ocTaHr[oB BepxnexBaJlbIHcHOii TeppacM,
CJIOaneHHO1 raJlbnOi3, IIecno H panynieii, Ha a6coJIIOTHblx BMCOTax OT -8 go
-10 M, co6pana AOBOJIbIIO o6IIJIbHa} i)Iayna; Didacna praetrigonoides N a 1.,
D. parallella B o g., D. protracta E i c h w., D. ex gr. vulgaris, Dreissen-
sfa rostriformis, a TaHnce nepeOTJlonfelIHbie xa3apcnne Didacna cf. nalivkini
W a s s. H gp. HpnBegennan 4iayna He TOJIbHO noArsepncgaeT BepxHexBa-
JIbIHCICHi3 BO3paCT TeppacM, HO H AaeT BO3MOMHOCTb yBH3aTb 8TH OTJIOHie-
HH4 c O)HOHMeHHbIMH oca)naMH CeBepo-3anaguoro HpHHacunci H HaBHa3-
Cnoro no6epe nbs. BepXHexBaJIbIHCHyIO Teppacy Mm CHJIOHHbi COIIOCTaBJIFITb
c nepsoii Teppacon p. CyJian, OTHOCHTeJIbHOH BMCOTOH 2-3 M. Ha 8TOkl
Teppace HaxojllTCa cen. HHncHHii LIHp-IOpT. Hoi1Mbl pen CyJian H Illypa-
03eIIb, HO-BH)HMOMy, gOJI1{HM COOTBeTCTBOBaTb HOBoRaCIIHiICHOH 6eperoBoil
JIHHHH.
HoBonadunScHHe ocaAuH 3aHHMaIOT AOBOJI1HO y3HyiO IIOJIOCy no6epe1Sb4
cesepnee Maxagnansl.
6) ,Il,areeTancnOe no6epeacbe
B npe)eiiax 3TOro ygacTna nasnaacxoro no6epelnbfi gpe3BblgailHO geTno
BblpameHbl gpeBHenaclffiICHHe Teppacbl, HOTOpbie panee OIIHCMIBaJIH HOROTO-
pbie reowiorn. HaH6o3lee AeTarlbxo OHH 6bLJiH oxapanTepH3oBanM B CBoe BpeM$1
B. A. FO3Iy6HTHHROBMM (19331,2, 1937; F0Jly6RTHIIROB n gp.,1936), H. 0. Bpo-
AoM (1930, 1937), a TaHnce 14. D. HycTOBaJIoBbiM (1936).
Mbi npoCJIeAHJIII 8TH Teppacbl Ha BCeM npOTFDHeHHH 6epera H yTOgHHJIH
CTpaTHrpa( HLIecnoe noJlomenne nx, IIOATBepgPIB B OCHOBHMIX LlepTax cxeMy,
npegJio}nenxyio B. ,II,. FOJIy6SiTIIHHOBMIM. Hiioii McTOAHgeCn in HOAXOA IIpH
HCCJIegOBaHHH Teppac (npOCJieMHBaHHe H H3MepeHHe BbICOT APeBHIIX 6epero-
Bbix JIHHHi3, a He 6POBOn H T. A.) OVIm aeT npegJIaraemyio cxeMy OT CXOMbl
B. A. FOJIy6nTHHnOBa, rJIaBHMIM o6pa3OM 3a CgeT ee AeTaJin3aixaH.
CaMbie BbICOHIIe TeppacoBble IIOBepxHOCTH, CJIOnceHHbie rauIetrHHnoBbIMH
HonrJloMepaTaMH, Hepegno 3Ha'IHTeJIbHoI3 MOnhHOCTH, pa3BHTMI Ha a6cOJnOT-
HbIX BbICOTax 400-600 M. OHH cpe3aIOT AHCJIOI.1HpOBaHHble antiarbi3lbcRHe H
6onee gpeBHIIe OTJIOmeHHf1. BecbMa LIeTHO TanHe IIOBepXHOCTH Ha6JnogaIOTCH
no gOJiHHe p. Py6ac-ilail; 3Ty Teppacy, BCJIeA 3a B. A. l'OJIy64THHHOBbIM
(19331), Mbi CiIHTaeM Heo6xogaMbiM OTHOCHTb euge n anlmepony, Tan Han 6a-
nniicnan Teppaca, pa3BHTaH rHncoMeTpHgecwH HHnfe, npMCJloHSIeTCS n IIOg-
HOncbIO 3TOii nOBepXHOCTH.
B a H H H c H H e O T JI o nc e H H n. OTJIOncellHH C BepxHe6aKHHCnoi3
4ayHOH o6pa3ylOT caMyIO BNCOHyIO LIOTBepTHTiHyIO MOPCRYIO Teppacy, 6epero-
Ban JIHHHFI HOTOpOi3 HaMegaeTCFI Ha a6COJIIOTHhIX OTMOTnaX go 200-220 M.
13 pe3yJlbTaTe noc iejylongeii geHygar nn Teppaca pacgJieHeHa Ha OTAeJIbHbie
CTOJIoo6pa3Hble B03BBIIIIeHHOCTII, IIOBepXHOCTH HOTOpbIX nonIoro HanzIOHeHbl
148
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B CTOPOHy MOpH. OHH BMAepHSHBaIOTCH IIO HPOCTHpaHHIO Ha BCeM 3TOM IIo6e-
pe?Kbe Ha 60Jiee HJIH McBee OAHHaKouoM ypoBlIe. HaH6ojIee xopomo naJleOHTO-
iiorHTieCKH oxapaRTepH3OBana 3Ta Teppaca H Iory OT L ep6eHTa, rje OHa OTMe-
geHa euAe B. A. Fonly6siTHi4KOBbIM (CM. C)Hr. 83). Teppaca coxpaln.iacb B BHA&
IIOJIOTO HaI{JIOneHIIOH IH MopIO CTOJIOBOH B03BbIIIIeHHOCTH, pacnoJio}IfeHHOH Ha
a6COJIIOTIIOH BbICOTO 140-170 M (Ao 200 M IIaA HacnHeM) H OTAeJIeHHOII OT
HpeAropnH peullHMH H 6aJI0T1HIIMH Bpe3aMH. B pe3yJl16TaTe Toro jP0BH51,I 6e-
perOBafi JIHIII4H TeppaCM B 60JIbiuHI-ICTBe CJiyLIaeB 6MJIa yHHLITO?HeHa, H JIHIIlb
McCTaMH OHa npocaemIlBaeTCfi Ha CI{JIOHe npeAropHH Ha BLICOTe go 220 (250) M.
3anaAHee 6aiuui IIiopAepe H iO?KHee 6aJIKH CyriOT B. A. FoJly6HTHHROH
(19331) OTMeTYIJI TeppacoByio IIOBepXIIOCTb, CJIO?KCHHyIO neCLIaHHHaMH II ra-
JIetIHHHaMH, ROTOpaJI HBJIHOTCH reoMopd oJIOrHtiecim npo Armen eM 6aRHH-
CKOI4 TeppacM H pacnOJIO?ICena 3Aecb Ha a6COJIIOTHLIX BLICOTax 300-350 M.
3Ty nOBepxHOCTb MM MO?KeM paCCMaTPHBaTb (c tieM COfJIacmic I H B. fit. Fo-
JIy6HTHHROB) Rai IIpornoBHaJIbio-aJIJIIOBHaJIbrIyIO, onI4paio1RyioCH Ha ypoBeHL
6aumiicHoro MOpa, T. e. o6pa30BaHHe, allaJlormxiHoe ((HaKJIOHHOI3 Teppace)>
CeBepnoro AareCTana.
B pai oxe Memgy AoJIHHOIi p. Py6ac-LIan H 6arn oI3 CyrIOT Teppaca B oC-
HOBaHHH cJIOHfeHa AHCJIOI[HpoBaHHMMH aitIarbIJlbcHHmH IIopoWaMH, Ha a6pa-
AHpOBaHHOH HOBepXHOCTH HOTOpbix 3aiieraioT xopomIO oHaTannbie rJIb16BI
H ranbta 6ypOBaTbIX necgaHHKOB. BMIIle oHH noCTeuenno nepexoAHT B KOCO-
CJIOHCTMe meJiTbie neCRH c raJIbROi3 H 06HJIbHOII paRymeI4. 061gasi MoWHOCTJ
MOpcKHx OTJIomeIIHi3 1,5-2 M. 0HH IIepeRPMTM CBepxy CylCC5IMH ROHTHHeH-
TaJIbHOTO THIIa, MOHIHOCTbIO 3-4 M. CpeAH paxymH, BCTpeTlenHoII B HococJloH-
CTMX necuax H rannegHnaax, onpeAeJieHM: Didacna rudis N a 1., D. rudis
var. catillus-rudis N a I., D. rudis var. varia N a 1., D. rudis- nepexo)
K D. carditoides And r u s., D. aff. eulachia B o g. (F e d.), D. ex gr. eula-
chia (yAJIHHeHnaa iopMa), Dreissensia ponto-caspica A n d r u s. (eAHHHU-
Hbie), Dr. rostriformis D e s h. (e)HHHUHMe), Dr. polymorpha (MHoro). Hep-
Bble TPH c)opMM npeo6JlaAaioT.
RoMnneRc npHBeAeHHOI4 (ayn& BUOJIHe onpeAeJIeHHO yHa3MBaeT Ha Bepx-,
He6anHHCKHr4 B03paCT TeppacM, LITO coBnaLaeT C oiieHKoIi B. A. FoJIy6FITHH-
KOBa (1937), c)ennaHHOI3 IIa ocHosaHHn najIeOIITOJiorHtiecHHX onpeAeJIennli
A. F. 36ep3HHa.
HeciOnbiO cei3epnee no AoJiHHe peLIKH A,apBar-4aii B HnmHexasapcrHx
OTJIO?KeIIHfix BCTpetIaJOTCFI paHOBHHbI Bepxne6aaHHCKHx AHAanH, yna3bIBaio-
uAHe Ha Hajnigiie 6annnciux OTJIOmeHHH B 3TOM paI3one. Ranee IIOLITH na TOM
me YPOBHO oTMeLIeHa Teppaca Y CT. HaanenT - 190 (218) M. 3Aecb 8TH
n 6oniee BMCORHe noBepxnoCTH, go 200-210 M a6c. BMC. o6pa3o-
BaHHMe Bepxlle6mmici HMH raJIOTIHHHaMH, cpe3aioT noJloro AI4cJIOIuIpoBaH-
xbie annIeponcnHe nopoA.I. CJIeAoBaTeRL110, TeppacOBMe noBepxHOCTH Ha,
oTMeTKax 180-210 M, pa3BIITMe iomiiee 1436ep6aiiia H ocO6eHII0 y HanneHTa
H no p. 14me-03eHb, Tan?Ke AOJImnbI 6MTb OTHOCeHLI H BepXHe6anHHcnoMy'
BpeMeHH. HaHOHeJ], BeJIHKOJIEHHO BMpameHHan TeppacoBasi UOBepxHOCTJ
(OCTaHeg) HMeeTCSI Ha 3anaAHOM CRJIOHe rOPM 1/136epr (y CT. YJIJIy6HeBo),, Ha
BbICOTe 200 (228) M (CM. (J)nr. 80). 9Ta Me TeppaCa npoCJIemHBaeTCH y IIOAHO
MHI4 IIPOATOPHA B paIIOHe YJIJIy6HH-ayJIa.
Bee 9TH Teppacbi o6pa3oBaHM raJIeLIHHKOBMMH RonrnIoMepaTaMil H3 xp-i
porno oHaTaHHOIJ raJIbRH H rJib16, T OTOpble JIemaT Ha a6paAHpOBaHHOI3 IIOBepx-11,
HOCTII 06MTIHO AHCJIOI[HPOBaHImix HOpeHIINX nOpoA. (I)ayHa B raJIeLIHHHaX,
BCTpeti'aeTCH BeCLMa pemio H npeACTaBneHa B 60JIbUIHIICTBe CJIy'IaeB, 96JI;OM-
KaMH paROBHH. Tan, B ranIegimHax 3TOH TeppacM Y CT. YJIJIy6HeBe 6MJIU;
BCTpO'IOHM OKaTaHHMe o6JIOMHH RpyuHbIIc MaCCHBHMX paROBRi3, upHHaAJIema-
WHx cHopee BCero Didacna rudis N a 1. Y CT. AqH,B npeAeJiax uoCeima He(1-,
THHHKOB, Ha6moAaeTCSi Teppaca BbICOTOI3 178 (206) M, ([ Hr., 77)'; CJIO?KeHHaH
nonrnOMepaTaMi4 H ICOCOCJIOHCTbIMHI AOTPHTYCOBMMH feCiIaHHKaMH C. peAxoi ,
149,
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4ayHOl, *Iaige onaTaHHiiix Didacna off. rudis N a 1., D. rudis var. varia,
D. rudis var. catillus-rudis N a 1., D. ex gr. crassa E i c h w., Dreissensia
polymorpha. 3Ta Teppaca Hpoc.nentnBaeTCH Y HoAHombn rop B CTOpoxy YaIJIy-
611H-ayaa. B o6JIaCTH HI13}HX npegropEdi no AOJIHHe p. Maxac-03eHb Ha6nio-
AaeTCSI aTa me Teppaoa BblcOTOfI 172 (200) M. OIIa pacno3lo}xeHa 3Aeeb y HoA-
non i H CTOJIOo6pa3HOH HOBepXHOCTlt, 240-260 M a6c. BbIC., cJIomeHHOH IIJIOXO
COpTHpoBaHHMIMH raniegHHnaMH. 110-BnALIMOMy, nocneAHHH HpegCTaBngeT CO-
6oii npo1noBHaJIbHo-aiiiiionnaJIbHyIO Teppacy 6anuHCHOPO BpeMeHH. ,r ailee
n Maxagnania, Ha a6coJIIOTHblx BLICOTax 200-220 M, B Hpegenax HH3RHX
IIir. 77. IIpo~anb aepea Teppacbl- B palioxe CT. A'Ii.
1 - Hopeaaue`nopoAi; 2 - Bepxaexaaapcnue nasecTanna a nonrnoMepam ; 3 - anataexaaapcxae
rane'abxu; 4 - HaataexnaJIuucfiae rnxaxcT6te necaa
upei{ropHk, Ha6JnOgaIOTCH oTAeJlbxble OCTaHgm Hnn HeperH6bi B Cnno e, Ho3-
BonnHiowne npoCJlegnTI, OCHOBHyio 6eperoByio nHIiHio AaJlee Ha ceBep H ceBepo-
3anag, yBH3aB ee c onncaHHoA BhIHle BepxHe6anHHCHOi TeppacoI3 3anagxee
CT. TeMnproe.
TanHM o6pa3oM, HecMOTpH na TO, LITO 4ayxa B caMog BMCOHOR Teppace
(200-220 M a6c. BiIC.) BCTpegaeTCH He HOBCeMecTHO, a no ac H OTCyTCTByeT,
3Ta Teppaca Han no xapaxzepy OTJiomeHni3, Tan H Ha ocHOBaHHH reoMopc OJio-
rn ecnoro aIial H3a H, HanoHeg, no CBOeii (ayHe goJnEHa 61ITb oTHeceHa n
BepxHe6anHHcxoMy BpeMeHH.
LITO nacaeTCH 6onee HH3nOI33 TeppacbI (170 M a6c. BbIC.), TO oHa, nan 3To
6ygeT BI4JHO H B 6OJiee IOH Hbix panonax, gonixcaa 61aTb oTHecexa ynce n HH3aM
xa3apcnoro slpyca. TOM me Bo3paCTOM Hago, IIo-BHJHMOMy, gaTHpOBaTL geTpH-
TyCOBble H3BecTHHHH, HHrpeccHBHO 3aiieraioniHe B AOJIHHe p. g,apBar-LIaii,
BbIIHe' cooxoaa d-cpacnbig HapTH3aH>. 3TH HaBecTHHHH cJIaralOT Tarnne CHJibHO
paC9JleHeHHyiO Teppacy (HH3IHe HpegropbH) Ha a6coJII0THnIx BIilCOTax .120-
160 M. M014HOCT16 MX 15-25 M. DayHa coxpaHHJiacb HJIOXO B CBH3H c noene-
AyiowHM BMIHje3latIHBaHHeM. OTcloga 6binH onpegenenbl Didacna nalivkini
W a s s. .+D. delenda B o g., D. all. rudis N a 1., D. ex gr. crassa E i c h w.
[D. aff. eulachia B o g. (F e d.)], D. ex gr. pallasi P r a v., Monodacna cas-
pia E i c h w., Dreissensia rostri formis D e s h., Dr. polymorpha. IOxcxee,
B CTOpOHy ,arecTaHc {Hx Ornell, HpoTHrHBaeTcg yBaJIHCTaJ HOJioca, HBnFHO-
HnaHCH reoMop()onorngeexHM HpogOJn IceHHeM 3TOg Teppacbl. OHa, no-BHgHMOMy,
c ionceHa 3THMH 3ne H3BeCTHHICaMH.
HaAO ewe OTMBTHTb, 'TO B OCHOBaHHH o6pBIBa HpaBoro 6epera gO3HHM
p. ManaC-O3eim, B 1-1,5 nM BLHue ne3Ie3HOgoponcHOroMOCTa, 3aneralOTrnH-
IIHCTBIe HeCHH c iayHoii Didacna ex gr. rudis-var. catillus-rudis N a 1.,
D. aff. rudis var. vulgaris And r u s. (o6e 4 opMbl onaTaHbl), D. hebes P r a v.,
D. aff. delbnda-B o g., D. all. nalivkini W a s s., D. subpyramidata P r a v.,
Adacna sp., Dreissensia polymorpha, Dr. rostriformis. Hannwrne oxaTaHHBIx
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
4)opM Bepxue6aHHHCTCOro o6Jirra H o6n vii xapaHTep TJayHM II03BOJIHTOT OT-
HOCHTb 3TH HeCKK K HH3aM xa3apcKorO ripyca. Bo3MOaluIO, OHK COOTBeTCTByIOT
Teppace BbICOTOK 170 (200) M, a MO?KOT 6bITb, K 60.lee MoJTOAoH, 125 (150)-
McTpOBOH. Ha ciia6o pa3Mbl'rOn HOBepXHOCTH 3TKX neCKOB 3aJIeraeT necgaHo-
rJIKHKCTaH TOJinia MOIIJKOCTLIO 5-6 M, HO'TOpaF B oclloBaHHH COAepa4HT npec-
~HOBOAKyfo c)ayny - Planorbis sp., Clessiniola sp. Bbime Bce necorJiacuo
IlepexpblTO rpy6blMr rajiegIIIIIKaMK (loHrnoMepaTaMH), OTIIOCHHAKMHCfI, BH-
AHMO, ICO BTOpOi iimo IIIe xa3apCKOCO BeHa.
3TOMy rOpH301ITy C MOpCHO1 HI1?HHeXa3apCKOK 4ayHOK COOTBeTCTByeT
npocJloi neCKOB c Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Dr. rostri formis D e s h.,
Adacna plicata E i c h w., Clessiniola sp., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h..
BcICpbIBaIOLg1IRcrI Ha npaBoM 6epery Bbllne HO Aoimne (B pafione 6poAa).
3AeCb 3TH necKH Tame 3aJIeraJOT 13 OCHOBaHHH TOJIM11 CJIOHCTbIX ynJIOTIIeH-
HbIX rJIHHHCTbIX uecroB. OAIIaHo HecorJlacHe B 3aJleraHKr Me?KAy HKMH He-
3aMeTHO. HpHBegeM pa3pe3 (cBepxy):
1. PbTXHbTO KOCOCJIOHcmle raTlet1HHHoBbIO KOHPJIOMepaTbi C HpoCJIoHMH H JIHH3aMH
cyrieceH HpoJIIOBHaAbxo-aJIJIIOBHaJIbHoro THHa, 3aJleraIOllWe Ha pa3MLITOI1 HOBepx-
HOCTH HeCKOB. MonwocTb 5-6 M.
2. YTIJ1oTHeHHblo GJIOHCTbIO HaJIOBble rJIHHHCThIC HecxH, B Bepxax HOTOpbIX H3peJZKa
BCTpegaIOTCf3 HpOCJIOH H JIHII3hl KOHPJTOMepaTOB. MOHIHOCTb or oJIO 6-7 M.
3. Hpoc iOH rJIHHncTblx HCCKOB C HpHBe.{eHHO1 Bbume (ayHo13 H radle'IIHKOM B OCHOBa-
HHH, 3aJIeraloriHM Ha paaMMMToI IIOBOpXHOCTH J;ogeTBepTHrHbIx gHcjioI;HpOBauHbIX
rJIHH.
OTJIO?KOHHFI, OTIIOCHBuHeCr o6bigHO K HHMHe6arHHCHOMy rOpH3OHTy C
Didacna parvula N a 1. H D. catillus E i c h w., B ecTeCTBeHHbIX,06Ha EeHHHx
Ha garecTaHCROM no6epenn e HaMH He 6LIJIH BCTpeLIeHi. OHH He yIOMKHaIOTCH
14 B JIrTepaType.
X a 3 a p c E H e 0 T JI o ff e H H 31. IIpH paCcMOTpeHIH 6a1HHCKHx
oocaAKOB MbI y?He ynoMHHaJirl O Teppace BbICOTOI 170 (200) M, HoTOpar cnopee
AOJI?KHa 6bITb OTHecena K Ha'iaJly xa3apcHoro BpeMeHH, LIeM K KoHIly 6aKsH-
,cKOro. Bonee HH3Kaa Teppaca, xa3apciIII Bo3paCT HoTopOYI 6o2lee HOJIHO
o60CHOBaH c)aynoi MOJIJIIOCKOB, pacnoJlomena y HoAHOMbH npeAMAyuweH.
OHa nperMyweCTBenrIo a6pa3HOHHar H Bpe3ana B AogeTBepTHiIHble nopogbl.
BeperOBax JIiHKri ee Ha BCeM garecTancKOM n06epexcbe pacnoJlO?KOHa Ha Becb-
Ma 6JI113HOM ypoBHO 125 (152) M (CM. c)Hr. 69, 70, 72, 78, 80, 82, 83).
B pnAe y*3aCTKOB OHa AoCTHraeT 140-145 M a6c. BfIC., iITO CBH3aHO y?Ke He
TOJIbIO C O6HkHM BepTHKaJIbHbIM BO3AbIMaHHeM, HO H C HpOrBJIeHHeM McCTHbIX
ccr.iaAgaTMX AO opMai[HK.
Teppaca ciTomeIIa 06blgnO rarieilnHKOBbIM KoHrnnoMepaTOM, nepeHpbITLIM
geTpHTyCOBbIMH H paKynie1IIHKOBbIMH H3BeCTHFnfaMH C BKJIIOqeHHeM raJIbICH.
(DayHa MOJIJIIOCIcOB 3ACCb BCTpe'IaeTCFI ropaai o qai e, i1eM B 6aIHIICKKX OTJIO-
MKeHHTIX, H Calla TeppaCa coxpaHHJlacb 3HaTIHTOJibHO JIyLIHIe. H iOry OT MaXaH-
KaiIbi, IO?KHee p. T4ep1e3-O3eHb (I)Hr. 78), B AeTPHTYCOBbIX r3BeCTHHKaX 3TOH
Teppacbl, Bpe3aHHOH B CKJIOIIbl IlpeAropHH Ha BMCOTO 125 (152) M, BcTpeuena
,o6HJlbnasl c)ayna: Didacna aff. artemiana B o g.,D. vulgaris A n d r u s.-
4opMa, npoMe?ICyTOUnar Me?KAy D. surachanica A n d r u s. H D. parallella
B o g. [D. erupta D a s c h. (in litt.)[, o6JIOMKH KHJIeBaTbIX 4OpM, 6JIH3KHX
H D. ex gr. subpyramidata P r a v., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Dreis-
sensia rostri/ormis D e s h. H Ap. MO IJHOCTb HBBeCTHfiTOB 3AeCb 311agHTeJiY.Ha
H AoCTHraeT 10 M. B. ,L,. PoaIy6sTHHKOB (1937) OTHOCHJI 4ayny K Bepxue6a-
ITHHCKOMy BpeMeHH, c LIeM Mbi ne MO?HeM CorJIaCHTbCII.
Ranee Ha for 3Ta Teppaca OTLieTJIHBO npocnne?KHBaeTC4 BAOJIb CHJIOHa ripeA-
rOpHi. OHa OTMegena Y MecTa Baxo a AoJIHnbI p. MaHac-03eHb H3 ripegropHk
(4nsr. 79) H oco6enn0 xoponlo BblpanceHa y nocen ica Hef THIIHKOB Aun-Cy H B
paiione CT. YJTny61eBo. B nepBOM CJlygae OHa pacnOJio?KeHa Ha BL1COTe 130-
.140 M (ojono 170 M Hag HacimeM) H, nonoro nOHH?KaOCb HO npOCTHpanrIO,
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AocTnraeT Y CT. YJIaIy6neno a6coJlloTnblx OTMeTOK 125 M. B pa>3oae Aug-Cy (CM.
[ gr. 77) Teppaca CJIO}KeHa nJioxo oxaTaHHI,IMI BaJIyHaMH H raJIbxoI3 C necHOM
H paxynIek, 3aneralongI3MH Ha a6paAllpoBaHHoii HOBepxHOCTH AgcJIOAHpoBaH-
Hblx AoileTBepTHgHblx pbIXJIiIX EBapI eBnIx necuaHI4HOB. M014HOCT16 oTJloaxe-
HHH Teppacbl He IIpelbllnaeT HecxoJlbHHx McTpoB. Cpeig iayHM 3Aecb BCTpe-
ueHbl; Didacna aff, pallasi P r a v., D. paleotrigonoides F e d., D. ex gr.
11
1608 >n.vvnii 0-158)
40
ZO
0
.ipOBeya //QCnl/l2CNoeaMOpa
(D nr. 78. Hpoc iJm uepe3 Teppacla Ioxcxee r. MaxauHaaa (y p. tIepxe3-O3ens
I - xasapcxne B3BeOTHHHn; 2 - rane9HHHH; 3 - HecH
Tnr. 79. Hpo innb liepea Teppacrs B pagone CT. Manac.
I - xopeuHNe nopoJ(rI; 2 - xasapcxne nsBecTHHntu H HOHCJIOMepaTLI; 3 .- raJIe9HHHH;
4 - necnn
lindleyi D a s c h. (in litt.), D. all. nalizkini W a s s., D. cf. subpyrami-
data P r a v., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Dr, rostri/ormis. HoMnJlexc
t aynbi yxa3MBaer Ha numHexa3apcxug' Bo3paCT TeppacM H, Rau Mm yBH IM
ISaslee, ]iBJIFIeTCH pyxonognll(rM gJIH Bceg cepgg reppac nepBOia UOJIOBIHTI
xa3apcxoro Bexa. AHallOrwnHag ( ayna, cBFI3aHHag IMeHHO C 3TOH Teppacol3,
BcTpeuaeTCH n IOH3nb eepea Teppacbt B pagoxe CT. YFITam.
I - BBasaesa3apcsne H3necTBBBB; 2 - ranecHBBB; a - necHB
XOT$ HaROIIJIOHHIO MaTepnaiia IIpeJ.(mecTBOBaJIa J(OBOJIbHO j(JIHTemmbHaH a6pa-
313fi, CJIeJ(bI KOTOPOH OTMexialOTCH B paJ;e pa3pe30B. B pe3yjlbTaTe aToro pa3-
MbIBa 6bIJIa Bblpa60TaHa B J(oLIeTBepTHLIHMX IIopoJ(ax mHpoHaa a6pa3HOHHaH
noBepXHOCTb, Ha KOTOPOH 3aTOM IIpOHCXOJ(HJia aRKyMyJIHI.(Hg MaTepiama,
BblpamceHHOPO rJIaBHMIM o6pa3OM B IIpH6pe}KHOH H3BeCTHHKOBo-ra2iegH1i5OBoiI
4laAHH.
OileHb HarHI5J(HO aTa Teppaca HpeJ(CTaBJieHa K iory OT MaxagHaJmI, B pal3-
oHe p. ilepEe3-O3enb (CM. I Hr. 78) H ioH{Hee CT. YllTam ((Hr. 82), rJ(e Ha a6pa-
J HpOBaHHbIX J(OxIOTBepTH'IHMIX tiepHbix CJiaHI(eBaTmrx rJiHHax 3aJleraIOT BHa-
tiaJie xopomo oKaTaHHMe raJIbica Ii BaJIYHU (KOHrJIoMepaT), a BbIHIe - JgeT-
pHTyCOBbie H paHyiueqHHKOBbleIi-3BecTHHKH. MOMHOCTb H3BeCTHHHOB 3HaiIH-
TeJIbna ii J(OCTHraeT, BHJ(SMO, 15 M. Cpe)(H paHymH, Hpe)(cTaBJIeHHoi rJiaB-
HMIM O6pa30M O6JIOMKaMII, MOH{HO y3HaTb (JIOpMbI, 6JIH3HHe K Didacna naliv-
kini W a s s., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 11. Beperonaa JIHH.HH Teppacbl
HMeeT BMCOTy 80 (108) M. Ha 3TOM Me ypoBHe Teppaca IIpocrie?KHBaeTCH IIO
HaupaBJieHgio u MaHacy.
BeCbMa ueTKaa IIoBepxIIOCTI 3TOii Teppacbi coxpaHHJlacb B pagoHe CT.
YnJiy6HeBo cesepHee ropbl I436epr (CM. I Hr. 80), rple oHa pacnoJIoii eHa Ha
Toil Me BNCOTe 80 (108) M H npegCTaBJIaeT co6oii a6pa3HOnnyIO IIJIOu(aJ(Ky,
IIOKPIiITYIO TOHKHM IIJian(OM raJIbIH H pa1ymia. 3pecb BcTpegeHbl: Didacna
ex gr. nalivkini Was s., D. vulgaris A n d r u s., D. ex gr. delenda B o g.,
Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Dr. rostri formis D e s h., Theodoxus pal-
Iasi L i n d h. HpoCJiemtHBa5 Teppacy K iory, MM BCTpe'IaeM ee y HoJ(HoHu si
npegropHn B paiione CT. HHLIxe, Ha HecioJibno 6oJIbmeii BhICOTe - 105
(132) M. BJIH3 KaaxenTa OHa, BHJ(HMO, CHOBa upH6JiHmaeTCa K Hpem Heey
ypoaHlo, Tali HaK y IIOJ(HOmtba BMCOKOH, 190-McTpOBOH (218 M) Teppaclil, Ha BbI-
coTe 83 (111) M, Ha6ro) aeTca IIJiou(aJ(Ka, IIOKpIITa$I raJibxoii. gaiiee, n paiione
cOBx03a (3anaj(Hee ,arecTaHCKHx OrHel), pa3BliTa
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
.a6pa31OHHaI nJiowa Wa iia a6coJIIOTIIOi4 BblcoTe 80-90 M, cjio nennaa c no-
BepxHOCTI4 oIaTaHIIbIMn rJIbl6aMH H raJIbHOfI JjOgeTBepTMLIHbIX n 6aHHHc1 x
i(?)_IIOpOA. 3Ta IIOBepXHOCTb Bpe3alla B MOMIHble 143BeCTHFIICn, OTHeCeHHble BbIme
H
002 j 220/240)
240
220
200
!00
100
CDHr. 83. Hpoc Halo uepe3 Teppacbl H Tory or Aep6eHTa (B paiiol.Ie AOaHHri
p. Py6ac-LIaIi)
1 - ranegHHHH H necHH; 2 - H3BecTHnHH (xa3apcxne); 3 - xBanncxne rJHBHCTO-necvalbie
oT7[omeHHn; 4 - HoBouacnuI cI Me necim
H HHHSHexa3apCHOMyTBpeMeHH. B pai3one JJ;ep6eHTa, B11HMO, H 3TOMy ne B03-
paCTy MO7HHO OTHeCTH Teppacy Ha BLICOTe 109 (137) M. Bonlee BbICOHOO HoJIO-
3HeHHe ee CBR3aHo C MOCTHbIMIT 7(BH1HCmTHMH cHJlaj(gaTOro XapaHTepa.
(DHr. 84. HHnHHexa3apcxrle HoxrnoMepaTm H H3BecTHSI}H B AOJIHHO
Py6ac-LIax
IO nHee gep6eHTa, Melnjjy J.(OJIHHOI3 P. Py6ac-44aI3 H 6aornof CyrIOT,
rge yHfe oTMexiaJIHCb 6onee ApeBHHe TeppacM, OtIOHb XopommO pa3BHTa H
60JIee HH3HaOI Muni-IexaaapcnaFI Teppaca ((JHr. 83 H 84), pacnoao neHHa1 Ha
BbICOTe 83 (110) M. c3Ta Teppaca 6bnia ormeaHa B. g. FOJIy6HTHHHOBbIM (1937)
HaH II jjpeB1-IeHacn14 iCnaH n oTHecerla HM H xa3apcHOMy ripycy Ha ocnoBaHHM
4iayHbi Didacna ex gr. crassa, D. baeri, D. ex gr., pyramidata-trigonoides
(onpejjeoleHHSI A. P. 36ep3HHa). Teppaca coloaneiia. HoIIrJIOMepaTaMH H3
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
xopomo OHaTaHHOI3 ra7ImRH, IIpeACTaBJIeHHOH HaH McCTHMIMH IIOpOZ(aMH, Tai{ if
TeMHo-cepNMi, LIepHbIMH H, pemce, CBeTJIBIMH HBapl;eBhIMH raJIbHaMJ IIOpOR
1'JIaBHOTO HaBHa3CHOrO xpe6Ta. BCH aTa CJIOHCTaa TOJIII[a ci eMeHTHpOBaHa Ae-
TpHTyCOBbIMH H paicymegHHHOBmIMH H3BecTHanaMH, HOTOpble B OCHOBaHHH
o6pa3yIOT HJIaCT HOCOCJIOHCTbIX IIpH6pemcHbIX OTJIOmceHHH c paHOBHHaMH -
Didacna pallasi P r a v., D. subpyramidata P r a v., IIpoMemcyTOUHaH chop
Ma MemcAy D. subpyramidata P r a v. H D. nalivkini W a s s., D. all, pale-
otrigonoides F e d., D. nalivkini W a s s., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 11.
HHmce 3aiieraloT rpy6bie 6a3aJlbHbie HonrJloMepaTM, IIoxpbiBaioigRe a6pa
3HOHHyIO IIOBepXHOCTb AHCJIOI1HpOBaHHLix axtlarbijibcIHX H3BeCTHRHOB. 06-
ii aSI MOIIJHOCTb OTJIomCeHH73 Teppacm OHOJio 3,5 M. XapaxTep HpnBegeuxoi
4ayHbI TOmcgeCTBeu (J)ayHe BbICOHOI3 HH}HHexa3apcROI3 Teppacbl, pa3BI3TOii
3AeC16 me. CoxpaHHOCTb paHOBHH H yCJIOBHR 3axopoHeHHH He BLI3BIBaIOT CO-
MHOHHH B nepBHiIHOCTH HX 3aHeraHHR.
IIIHpoRoe pa3BHTHe 3TOI3 Teppacm BgOaL gareeTaxcxoro 6epera H ee go-
CTaTO4IHO xopomaH BbIJZepmfaHHOCTb IIO'ITH Ha OAHOM ypoBHe II03130JIHIOT pac-
IIpOCTpaHHTb yHa3aHHyio B03paCTHyIO XapaRTepHCTHHy Ha BCe ee IIpOTJIMe-
1{ BepxHexa3apCHOMy BpeMeHH Hago OTHeCTH IHHpOHO paCIIpOCTpaHeHHbi&
OHH yme OTMegaJIHcb HaMH 3anagHee Maxatii aribi (CM. 111ypa-O3eHb). Ha ga-
3YIOT M0p(OIIOrHtIecRH BMpa?HeHHOii Teppac H IIepeHpbITbl 60Hee MOJIogbIMH
IIpOJIIOBHa1LHo-aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbiMH OTJIOmceHHHMH H HHmcHeXBaHIbiHcRHMH MOp-
BepxHexa3apcrHe H3BeCTHHHH BCR BIBaIOTCR B ) OJIHHax pex T4epxe3--
Py6ac-%k. OHH npocilemcHBaIOTCR BAOJIb 6epera Mopi, OT MaxagHarnx go,
Mblca ByIiHai (YJIJIy6HeBo) H Aaulee IIOLITH AO AOJIHHuI p. CaMyp, 3a1Iera1 B OC--
HOBaHHH HHmcHeXBaJIMHCHOI3 Teppacbi.
YCJIOBHH 3aiieraHHJI 3THx OTJIomceH1PI3 H HX o6Jigic xapaRTepH3yIOTCR cJIe-
AyroigHMH BecbMa cyIIteCTBeHHMIMH 'IepTaMH:
1. OHH IIO'ITH nonceMecTHO 3a.IeraIOT Ha IIoBepXHOCTH go'IeTBepTHLIHbIx
2. OcagRH 3TH BbipamceHbi B Hp16pemcHOI3 (aI;HH H IIpegOTaBJIOH&I 061ILIHO
HaHHHaMH C raiIbxoI3, a TaImce HOHrJIOMepaTaMH.
3. Oayxa moanIOCHOB IIpegcTaBJiexa 06bIiIHbiMH AJIn BepxHexa3apcxHx
oTJIOmceHHI3 MaccHBHMIMH paxoBHHaMH Didacna nalivkini W a s s., D. su-
rachanica A n d r u s. H IIepeXOAHLIMH MemcAy HHMH (OpMaMH.
4. PacnpoCTpaxenHe Bepxxexa3apcicHx OTJIOmceHHii IIpHypoueHO R HIHpo-
HOI3 TeppacOBOI3 HoBepxaoCTH, THHyII(eiiCH BAOHb 6epera Mopi. 111HpiTHa ee.
HepeAHO AOCTHraeT 10 HM. e3Ta HoBepxaoCTb nepexpbiza ocagicaMH HHmcHeXBa-
JIbIHCHOii Teppacbi, 6eperoBag JIHHHg HoTOpoi3 pacnonomceHa IIpHMepIIO B Hpe
Aeulax H3orilChI 50 M.
HO'rTH Ha Tex me OTMOTHaX 3aueraioT H BepxxexaaapcuKe npH6pexcHbie-
ocaAHH, pacuouaraacb McCTaMH HOCHOJIb1O Bbinie, HO gaIr[e BCe me HHmce aTOrO-
ypoBHR. 3aJleraHHe Hx y HOAHomcba a6pa3HOxuoro ycTyna HHMHexa3apcxoI
Teppacm yHa3hIBaeT Ha a6pa3HIO Bepxxexa3apcrHM MOM 6OJIee ApeBHI X
Teppac, HpOHCXOAHBHIyIO Ha a6COJIIOTHbIX OTMeTICaX 40-50 M, IIOiITH COBIIa-
AaiouuHX C YpOBHeM paHHeXBaJIbIHCHoro Mopi. CJIeAoBaTeJIHHO, aTa iuHpoxasl
TeppacoBag IIOBC XI1OCTb 6MJIa Bblpa6oTana B OCHOBHbIX 1IepTax eigO B BepxHe-'
xaaapcHoe BpeMR. IIOCJIeAyiouAaa paHHexsaJlbixcxaH TpaHcrpeccHa 3aTOIIHJIa
ymce Bbipa6oTanxyi0 Teppacosylo nosepxHOCTb, HeclOJlbxo pacmi pi ua ee Hpe-
Aeaw H IIepexpbaula CBOIIMH ocagiama. Bbuue MLI OTMeqaJIH BecbMa cxOAHyIO?
HapTHHy AJIR MaxrblmJlaxa, rAe pacnpocTpaxeHHe HHmcneXBaJIbIHCHOg Tep-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
pacbi nHnIb HeMHOrIIM npeBOCXOAHT nnou aAb, 3aHHTy1o xa3apcIHMH OTJIOSHe-
HHHMH.
PaCCMOTpHM HeKOTOpble XapaHTepHble pa3Pe3bi Bepxxexa3apcHHx OTJIO-
OHHH. IO?KHee Maxa=IHanbI 3TH OTJIomeHHH 3aneraIOT Ha a6paAHpOBaHHolI
HOBepXHOCTH AOileTBOpT1J HbIX HOpOA, pacllOnaraHCb y IIOAHOHCbH yCTyna
80-McTpoB0H (107 M) HII?KIIexa3apCHOH TeppacbI. OHH npeACTaBneHbi AeTpHTyu
COBhIMH H3BeCTH5iHaMII-paHymmetIHHKaMH, c ranbHOII B OCHOBaHHH, o6HAe i
MOuJHOCTbIO 1,5 M. CpeAH IJayHbl BCTpeLIeHbI D. nalivkini W a s s., D. na-
livkini -> D. surachanica And r u s., D. ex gr. surachanica And r u s.,
D.vulgaris A n d r u s., Dreissensia polymorpha P a l 1., Dr. rostriformis
(DHr. 85. Bopxlloxa3apcInIO H3BeCTHHKH H HoHrJloMepaTbI, o6Ha KaIo-
IIIHecn B i oanHe p. MaHac-03011b, HWI O HfeJIe3HOJIopo?HHoro MOCTa
D e sh. OTnoHfeHHH 3TH a6pa)I3pOBaHN H Ha HX nOBepXHOCTH 3aneraiOT He-
CHH C ranbHOH H OHaTaHHbIMI3 rnbl6aMH nOACTHna1omnx H HHEIX nopOA, OT-
HOCHIgHeCfl IC XBanbIHCKOMy HpyCy.
HaH6onee nOJIHbIR pa3pe3 3THX OTJIOWeHHH HMeeTCn B AoIHHe p. MaHac-
03enb (HII?fie }Hene3HOAOpOHCHOro MocTa). Ha pa3MLITOH IIOBOPXHOCTH HopeH-
imix (capMaTCHHx) nopoA 3aneraIOT npo*IHbie ranegHHnOBbie KournoMepaTbI
C HpOCJIOHMH H HHH3aMH AeTpHTyCOBTIX H3BeCTHIICOB. OHH npocnei eiibI H Aa-
nee no AOIIHHe MaiiaC-O3eHb, Ao 6epera MOpf.
HecIsonbHO IIH)He H cene3HO1 OPOH HOrO MOCTa, Ha IlpaBOM 6epery p. Manac-
O3eHb (c Hr. 85), Mo?HHO Ha6nloAaTb cneAyloHgHii pa3pe3 (cBepxy):
Q3 1. HelicIIOCaoncTbie CyIIOCH. MoMliocTm 0,8 M.
> 2. ROCOCJIOICThIO pbixable raJlctinHHOBbie HorlrJloMepaTbl, 3aaeralollwe Ha pa3MbITOB
HOBCpXIHOCTH noACTllnaionl,nx OTnOTHCHrM. Morju-iOCTb 1,5-2,0 M.
Qh12 3. HJIOTIIbIo AeTpHTyCOBbie n3BeCTIIIIHn C 06JIOMxaMn palfynIH. MOIUHOCTm 0,5 M.
Hnxce, noCJle anHHn pa3MbIBa, 3aJleraloT:
> 4. CJIOHCTI,ie rJIHIIncTbIC IIecHu H necgianble r;1HHbi, Taioiie c o6Jioiiain AHAaRH xa-
3apcxoro o6J1HIea. MoiiuIloCTm 3 M.
5. HJIOTHbie J WTpITTyCOBble n3BCCTIInxH C BpOCJIOfMH HolIraoMepaTOB (aHaIJOrrI HMI
cam 3). BHAHMaa Mon;HOCTb nx Ao 2-3 M.
B CTOPOHy MOPH CJIOHCTLIC rnHHHCTbie IICCHH uOCTeneHHO BLIHnHHHBaIoTCH,
a BepXIiHH H HH}IC11HH IInaCTb1 143BeCTHHHOB CXOAHTCH H o6pa3yIOT OAHH rOpH-
30HT, HOTOpb1H H IIa6juoAaeTCn mune no Tegenino p. MaHac-O3eub.
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 B 1 KM OT MOpH, B pa3pe3e JOJIHHbI MaHaC-O3enb, B OCHOBaHHH 3THX H3Be-
CTIIHROB 3aKJIIOgeHa 06HJTbHag Ipayna MOJIJIHOCHOB, IIpOACTaBJIOHHaH KaH Oxa-
TaHHMMH paICOBIIHaMH, HeCOMHeHHO, Haxo) gu(HMHCH B IIepeOTJIOH{eHHOM 3a
iieraHHH, TaH if XOpOHIO coxpaHMBIHHMMCH ()opMaMH, 'IaCTO B uapHIIX. CTBOp-
KaX, He IIpelepneBmnMH pa3MLIBa. Cpega IIepBOH rpynnbi IIpHCyTCTByIOT:
Didacna ef. paleotrigonoides F e d., D. subpyramidata P r a v., D. ex gr.
delenda B o g., D. hebes P r a v. (6nr3KHe Taxnce x D. rudis N a 1.). Ho BTOpoif
rpyniie npHHaAJIen aT Hpe06JIaAaIon He B 0fteIi Macce paxymH D. nalivkini
W a s s., D. ex gr. (aff.) nalivkini (var.), c opMN, npoMexcyTogIble Mexcgy
D. nalivkini W a s s. H D. vulgaris A n d r u s., D. nalivkini n D. sura-
chanica A n d r u s., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 11. CsieAoBaTeJlbIIO, c OpMH-
poBaHHe aTHX paxymIetIHHxoB, npoHcxogIBmee B BepxHexa3apcxoe BpeMH,
COIIpOBon aJIOCb pa3MBIBOM HHMHexa3apCKMx OTJIo)xeHHi3. Hago 3aMeTHTb,
TITO HenOTOpLie H3 IIepeOTJlomeHHbix paxoBMH D. subpyramidata P r a v.,
xaK H auaJIorggHM a HM (OpMbI H3 HHmHexa3apCKHx OTJIOHCeHHH ,L areCTana,.
BeCbMa HaIIOMHIIaIOT KHJieBaTble BapHeTeTbl BHga D. kalickii E b e r s. (in
lift.) H3 HHH{Hexa3apCKHx OTJIO)KeHHi3 TypxMeHHH (CM. BblHle).
3TH )He H3BeCTHHKH-panymeilHHxg C raJIinoii H KOHrJIOMepaTIa c aHaTlO-
rHLIHoii Bepxnexa3apcxoii (aynoii npocJleHSHBaIOTCH no BceMy 6epery, Ha4H-
HaH OT MLICa ByIinan B CTOPOHY MBICa CaTyH, pacnoJIaragCb Ha 2-5 M BMIMe
ypOBHH Hacnug. OHH o6Ha naIOTCH B OCHOBHHHH yCTyna HH nHexBamIMIncxoA
TeppacM. Taxoro me xapaic epa BepXHexa3apcnHe OTJIOHSeHHH, IIpeACTaBJIeH-
Hble geTpHTyCOBNIMH H3BeCTnHKaMH-panymmetIHMKaMH, B TOR HJIH IIHOR CTeneHH
o6oraH(eHHble ra3IbHOH, mxpoxO pa3BHTmI io ranee MbICa Byiiuan. OHM OTMetIeHM
B paMOHO HaHKeHTa, o6HamaIOTCH no )OJIHHaM pen YJIJIy-tlaH H AapBar-L1an.
Tax, B 6eperoBmxx ycTynax p. YJuuIy-Llaii, B6aH3H ceJi. Bep4tnea, BCxpbl-
BaIOTCH geTpMTyCOBbie H3BeCTHHKH c rarlbnoIi R paxymei3 D. nalivkini Was s.,.
D. nalivkini -> D. surachanica An d r u s., D. nalivkini -+D. delenda B o g.,.
D. sp., Dreissensia polymorpha, Dr. rostri formis, a Tan ne C oxaTaHHMMMH
BepXHe6arHHCKHMR D. rudis. 3TH H3BeCTHHKH IIpoCJIe HBa1OTCH HO AOJIHHe
YJisIy-flag go Racunn, rAe B o6phIBe HpaBoro 6epera 06Ha)HaIOTCH paxymeiI-
Hble H3BeCTHHKR, BMAMMOR MOll HOCTbIO go 3 M, CIIJIOIHL COCTOHWHO H3 geimix
H OxaTafHbix CTBOpOK KpynHMx MaCCJBHBIx Didacna nalivkini W a s s.,,
D. surachanica A B. d r u s. H Ap. IIoBopxuoCTL Hx a6pagHposaHa HoBO-
Kacrnu cHITM MopeM.
3TH Me H3BCCTHHHH IIpOCJIenfHBaIOTCH B)jOJIb 6epera MOPH B CTOpOHy A,ep-
6enTa, rge ceBepnee ropoAa OHM 3aneralOT na a6pagapOBaHxblx capMaTcnnx
H3BeCTHHKax H pa3BRTb1 Ha HIHpOKOi3 TeppacoBo i IIOBepXHOCTH, BbipoBHeH-
HOH B OKOH-1aTeJlbHOM BHge xBaJImIHCKHM MOpeM. OHM JOXOAHT 3AeCb go a6co-
JIIOTHTIX oTMeTon 40-50 M, IIp14CJIOHHHCb K IIOAHO)KbIO KpyTOro a6pa3MOHHoro
o6pblBa, CJIOHCeHHOTO nopeHHbIMH capMaTCxnMH H3BeCTHHKaMH. IIO gOJIHHee,
p. Py6ac-T4aii BepXHexa3apcHRe H3BeCTHHKH Ha6JllogaLOTCH OT MecTa Hepece-
qeiIHH penes mocce go xojixo3a . B 6eper0BoM 06pBIBe Py6ac-LlagI,
y MOCTa (mocce), IIOg xBarlblllcHHMH rpaBH33HO-necganmIMR OTJIOMeHHHMR 3a-
JieraiOT geTpnTycoBbie H3BeCTHHKH KOCOl npH6pe)KHOI3 CJIOHCTOCT14 c raJibxol3
H paxymei3 D. nalivkini W a s s., D. ex gr. surachanica A n d r u s., Dreis-
sensia polymorpha P a 1 1. MOIJ HOCTb IIX 1-1,5 M. HHxce - IIpOCJiog ynJioT-
HeHHIIx iIajieBbix MepreJIHCTbix riiHIIHCTLIX necxoD c raJILHOi B OCHOBaHHH,
3aJleraIOIAJAI3 Ha pa3MhITOi3 IIOBepXHOCTH HecirOHCTbix ynJIOTHeHHblx cyrJlHli-
ROB C paCTHTeJIbHbIMH OCTaTKaMH; MOIIIIIOCTb ero 0,5 M. aTH CyrJIHHKH IIOCTe-
neHHo IIepeXOAHT BHH3 B IIecKH C rajIbioI H panymei - Dreissensia poly-
morpha, D. ex gr. nalivkini W a s s., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h., 3aiie-
raiou ne Ha goteTBepTHLiHblx IIopogax. TaRHM o6pa3oM, 3geC , ycTaHaBJIH-
BaeTCH i a3a KOHTMHeHTaJIbHoro nepepLrBa (cyrsIHHKH c paCTRTeJIbHMIMH
OCTaTKaMM H IIpeCHOBOAHag ~ayHa IIOg HHMII) B 3IIOXy (opMHpoBaHHH BepXHe-
xa3apcnHx MopCRHx OTJIOnceHR$.
158
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,L(a7Iee no AO3iHne Py6ac-zIaR Hal6oJiee no3IH0 3TH ocaguFf npeACTa1ineHbT
B paiore cell. Arnno611 (y BOARHOLI McJIbH11IlbI), rge Ha npaBoM 6epery penes
HOA XBaJIbincimMH nec1caMH MOJB,HOCTb10 1,5-2 M 3aJleraIOT HOHTJIOMepaTbl,
COCTOHIAHe 113 xopouio OliaTaH1IoH, rJIaBHLIM o6pa3oM TeMlIO-CepOH H uepxol=i
raJlbl{H. HonrHloMepaTbl 1MeIOT ICOCyIO CJIO14CTOCTb, rge 6oriee rpy6riri MaTe-
pHanI *IepegyeTCR c 6onee MejiHlM. B OCHoimii 11 Hx pa3BHT npOC31OH necHa
c rpaB11eM H c aynoH: Didacna nalivkini Was s., D. nalivkini -->D. suracha-
nica And r u s., D. all. surachanica And r u s., D. vulgaris A n d r u s.,
D. all. ovatocrassa P r a v., Dreissensia polymorpha, Theodaxus pallasi
L i n d h., a Talcmce nepeOT3IOmceHHLIe 6ai I4HCicue D. rudis N a 1. 11 gp. 06-
man MOJAHOCTb 3T11X OTJIOmceHN11 go 2-2,5 M. 01111 3aiieraiOT Ha pa3MbITBIX go-
LIeTBepTHLIHbIX nopogax. TaiHe me HOHrJIOMepami, peke c npOCJIOFIMH H JIHH-
3aMH AOTpHTyCO13LIX 1I3BCCTHRHOB, IIpOCJIeMHBa1OTCA no AOJIHHe Py6ac-LIan
go a6COJI1OTHLIX OTMeTOH oiconlo 40-50 M.
PaCCMOTpeHHble OTJIOHCeBHH O61,I*IHO He noAHHMa1OTCR BbIme a6CORIOTHbIx
OTMeTOH 40-50 M H nOBCeMeCTHO, Co C3TeAaMm a6pa3HH, nepelcpblTbl xBanibIH-
CHHMH oca)HaMH. CyAR no 1 ayHe MOJIJIIOCHOB H CTpaTHrpa1 11reCHOMy nOJIO-
1HeHHIO, 3TH OTJIO ReHHR BHOJIHe OTBeraIOT HO BO3paCTy 11 yCJIOBHHM ocaAHo-
HaHOrJIeHrSI COOTBeTCTByIOIIIHM OTJIOmceHHnM BOCTOnROro no6epemcbn HacnnR
H Annlepomuoro HO3IyOCTPOBa.(CJio11 c D. surachanica).
OTJIo}HeHHH XBaJIbIIICHOrO cipyca o6pa3ylOT Ha AarecTaicioM no6epemcbe
psi Teppac. ,iaHime reoMop[ onIorHLIecnoro allaiiH3a, na3IeoIIToJIorHilecRHe
pa3JIHLIHfi H HeHOTOpLIe gePTbI AHHaMHHH ()OpMHpOBaHHfi OTAe31bHNIX Teppac
(uo xapaHTepy ocaAHOB) nO3BOJIRIOT, no aHa3TorHH C gpyr1MH 6eperaMH Hac-
111151, XBaHIbincHHe OTJIOHfeHHR (Teppacbi) paCLIJle1HTb Ha ABa OCIIOBHbIX ropH-
3OHTa (HOMnneHca Teppac) - fl H1IeXBa3IbIHCHIIH H BepxHexBa3IbIHCISHH. Humc-
HeXBaJIbIHCHie TeppaCbI 3aHHMaIOT 6oIlee Bbiconoe r11UCOMeTP1P1 CHOe nOJ10-
mceHHe no cpaBHeHi1IO c BepXHexnaJIbIHCHHMH. H H11mrHexDanIlIHCICOMy BpeMOHH
Ha paCCMaTpHBaeMOM no6epemcbe HaAo OTHeCTH ABe TeppaCbI. Callan BbIcoHam
H3 HHX, OTMeearonlan MaHC11MyM TpaHcrpecCHT1, IIpOCJIemcHBaeTC51 Ha a6co-
JIIOTHbIX OTMeTHax oHorio 45-50 M (go 75 M Hag YPOBHeM HacnHR). OHa uawe
npeACTanneHa a6pa3noHnoI nonepxiiOCTbiO, nepeAKo nOBTOpHiowe11 npegnle-
CTByIOnIyIO no3AHexa3apCHy1O TeppaCOByIO HOBepxHOCTb. BoJiee HH3nafi Tep-
paca pacnono ne1a Ha BbicoTe (6eperoBan 3111111451) 19-21 (47-49) M; OHa B
6o3IbnIHHCTBe CJIytlaeB npeAcTaBJIneT co6oi aHRyMyJIRTHBHy1O DoBepXHOCTb.
06e 3T14 TeppaCbI xopoiuo BblpamceHbl B peJlbe(e H npOCJIemCHBaIOTCR Ha Beets
no6epen be )JareCTaHa, coxparfm np11 3TOM CBO11 ypOBHH.
B paione MaxatiixaJIbI Callan imicoxan H11mcHexBa3IbIHCICan 6eperoBan 3111-
mm Ilbipancena B 1l4m neil raCTm cujioHa B03BLIfeHHOCT1 Tepxx-Tay B B11Ae
n310X0 coxpaHHBH1elcn nJiomagEH.
B paape3e p. T4epHe3-O3eIIb (cll. i 11r. 78) BiAHo, 'ITO Callan BbIcona51 Tep-
paca Cpe3aeT Bepxllexa3apcICHe 143BOCTHR1111 11 pacno3laraeTcfl y IIOAHOmcbI
80-McTpOB011 IIHmfHexa3apCICOi TeppaCbI. Ha IIOBepxHOCTH HHHIHeXBa31bIHCH011
Teppacbi 3aJleraiOT necHH C ra3lbl4OH 11 OICaTaHHbIMH o6JIOMICaMH nOACTinialo-
nU11X Xa3apcH xx IIaBeCTIlaiOB, MOIAHOCTbIO 1,5-2 M. 3Aecb BCTpeilaloTCa peA-
Hiie Dreissensia polymorpha 11 o6nomEH Me311c1x xmnenaTbix Didacha cf. pa-
rallella B o g. BOJIee Hi43ican Teppaca HMeeT BTICOTy 6eperosoii JIFHHH 19-
(47) M. Teppaca crioncena neoJIoM c raJibicoi H peAK IMH cTBOpxaMH paicynii,
cpeAH HOTOpOH, Haprgy C nepe0TJ10mcelHHMMMH MaCCJBHLIMI1 xa3apC11HMH Di-
dacna, BCTpemaIOTCR D. parallella B o g.
06e Teppacbi OTUeTJIITBO npOCJIemcHBaIOTC$I iomcnee; 0x11 oTMetlerbi B paH-
OHe CT. WiITam, rge 6eperonan 3111111151 BepXHen Teppac i pacnoiiomcena y HoA-
HOmCb51 pact3leHenHOH rp51Abl IieCbMa 31geicTHhIX yTecoB (CM. [ 11r. 82).
B pa110He MaHaca 11 ALIH-Cy pa3BHTa eA11Han nOBepXHOCTb, IcOTOpyio reo-
Mop4)oJIOruMeCICu TWO pa3AOJIHTb Ha ABe TeppaCbI. 3Ta TeppacoIlan nOBepX-
HOCTb orpaHH11ena gpeBHHM 6eperOBbIM Ba3IOM, C3IOmceHHLIM HOCOCJIO14CThIMH
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rarIetIHHHaMI3, rpaBHeM H neCHOM C peAHHMH paICOBHHaMI, raaBHbIM 06pa3oM
Dreissensia, pease c o6noMHaMH Didacna. Ban IIpocneafHBaeTCSa H Tory B Ha-
npaBJIeHHH A*ig-Cy H BCIOAy pacuOJioafeH Ha a6COJIIOTHblx oTMeTHax 45-50 M.
OTnoafeHIISi 6eperoBoro Bana pa3pa6aTbinaIOTCH B HageCTBe rannegmmcoBoro
Hapbepa. B pa3pe3ax AoIHHbl p. Maxac-03eHb BIIAHO, qTO Teppaca cnoafeHa
6JH3 6eperoBoro Bana HCCHaMH H ra7Ie'IHIIHaMII.
PHC. 86. Beper RarecTaxa B pai oae ycTbfI p. Maxac-oaeHm. YCTyH
IFHMHexBaJIbIHCHOl3 Teppacbl
B 6eperoBOM a6pa3HOHHOM yCTyne, go 40 M OTH. BMIC. (C Hr. 86), HOTOpMI3
OTTIeTJIHBO IIpOCJIe)HHBaeTCH OT MLIca ByI3HaK B CTOpOHy MaHaca, o6HaMaIoTCII
(cnepxy):
Q3,, 1. IIecHEr H cyIIeex , eJITOrO I~BeTa. MoiiwoeTi, 3-4 M.
> 2. HecHH ceposaTO->xerrble cMemcoli H xpynHoli paiymeltDidacna parallella B o gg.,
D. praetrigonoides var.,D. parallella -? D. cristata B o g., D. all. ebersini F e d.,
Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Dr. rostrilormis. MOMFIOCTm 1-2 M.
3. CJIOHCTan TOJIII[a ynJIOTHeHHmIX riiHIIHCTbIx IIeCHOB weJITOBaTO-IIajleBoro
I[BCTa c IIpOCJIOHMH IIec'IaHHCTbix rJIHH. MOHAIIOCTb 6oJiee 20M.
Qyza 4. rpy61,Ie raiie9HHHOBLIe xoHrJloMepaTbi Bepxnexaaapcxoro Bo3pacTa.
CJIOH 2 it, BHAHMO, 3 OTHOCHTCFI H XB JIhIHCHOMy sipycy (HHi(HexsanlbIHCHHH
ropII30HT).
B paioHe CT. Ynny6HeBO Ha6nIoAaeTCH H caiag BbIcoiari HHix HexBaJIBIH-
cHaa Teppaca B BHAe y3HOH a6pa3HOxxoH IInoinaAHII, pacnonIox{ennoI3 y noA-
HO?HbsI xasapcHo>3 80-McTposoH Teppacbl.
IOmxaee I'I36ep6ama, no AonHHe p. I4Haxe-03eHb H oco60HHO y HaHxeHTa
(I Hr. 87), npeHpacno pa3BHTa BbxcoHai HHMHexBaJI,IHCHag Teppaca, IIpeA-
CTaBneHHaa IIIIIpoHOI3 a6pa3HOHHOI3 noBepxnocmlO, cpe3aiouuel3 A[IcnoilHpo-
BaHHble A0 1OTBepTHLIHMO nopOAliI. ,peBHSIfi 6eperOBaH JIFIHiI$ Teppacm OTiieT-
JIHBO BHAHa Ha BTICOTe 46 (74) M. CBepxy 3aneralOT OHaTaHHble rnbi6bI H ra-
JIeLIHHHII MOMHOCTbMO 1-2 M. IOmHHee Teppaca Mop(oJIOrritIecHH nepeXOAHT B
6eperoBOH Ban, IIpOCneafHBaIoujjincH Ha 3TOII Me BEICOTe. HecHonbHO 6onee
BhICOHoe (58 M a6c. BbIC.) nonoiHeHHe 3TO33 Teppacia y p. I4HLIxe-O3eitb CBH3a-
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no, BHAHMO, C McCTImIMH ABHmzeHHHMH, Tax IfaH H 6oJiee ApeBHHe Teppacbl,
HaH 3TO ymce oTMeLIa3locb, 3AeCb paCHOJiOmfeHbl Bbime 06bILIHOro.
CeBepnee Lep6eHTa CHOBa Ha6roJ[aloTCn ABe,a MecTaMH H TPH paHHexBaJIbIH-
CHHe Teppacbl ((Hr. 88), 6eperOBbie JIHHHII IOTOpLIX pacnoJiomenbl Ha BbICO-
(Dxr. 87. IIpoc Hjnb *iepe3 Teppacbl B paRoHe HaxxeHTa.
Tax 46 (74) M, 35 (63) M H 19 (47) M. BepxHHe ABe Teppacbl BPe3anbI B Bepxne-
Xa3apcRHe H capMaTeRHe H3BecTHfiHH, a HHSRHHH Teppaca - axxyMyJIFITHB-
Haa - cjlomeHa ROCOCJIOHCTbIMH yHJIOTHOHHLIMH H3BeCTROBHCTMIMH nectiaHH-
HaMH MOIAHOCTbIO 2-3 M. Ha IIPHBeAeHHLIX Teppacax c ayna BcTpe iaeTCFI
(Dmr. 88. IIpo iwm Tlepe3 Teppacbl B paiione r. gep6eHTa.
1 - xopennie nopoAb; o - xasapexne naBecrHnrH; 3 - nHHCnexBanbIHcxne raneeHnxH;
4 - Hn7nnexBajlbincxne HecHH H necnanHHH; 5 - neCHH
AOBOJIbHO peARo,. ogHaxo IIaHH=ile cpeAH paROBHH THHWIHblx Didacna paral-
lella B 0 g., allaJIOrHIIHbIX HPHBegOHHbIM BbIHIO (JopMaM (YJIJIy6HeBO - Ma-
nac), HO3BOJUIeT yBepeIIIio CBfl3biBaTb ~OpMHpOBaHne 3TIIX Teppac c panne-
XBaJIbIHCxoH TpaI-ICrpeCCHel.
H IOry OT L ep6eHTa (CM. (JHr. 83) pa3BHTa mHpoxaa H1DHHOXBaJIbIHCxaH
TeppacoBaa HOBepXIIOCTb, u HpeAciiax ROTOPOH He yAaJIOCb BbIAeJIHTb ABYX
. B AeICTBHTeJIbHOCTH me MbI HMeeM
Ae2Io C MOpCROH Teppacoii, nepexpbiTOH B pslAe McCT HpoJIIOBHajibHrIMH BbI-
HOCaMH.
DHr. 100. He6ojibmaH aHTHHJlgiiajlbHal CHJIagna, o6pa30BaHHa>I
HHHSHOXBajibmcu 4Mg PJIHHHCTO-Hec ialIbIMH OTJIO}HeHIIHMIJ
(paI3oH 1{bI3LIJI-flypyIIa)
3Aecb MO?HHO BLiAeJIHTb ABe, a McCTaMH TpH HOJIOTHe Teppacm B IIpeAeJiaX
HpHMopcxoi3 paBHHHM. CaMaH BbICOHaH H3 HHX HMeeT BbICOTy 6eperoBOH
JIHHHH HecKOJIbRO BNIIIe HyJIeBOH ropH3oHTaJIH 4 (32) M. Ha 3TOM ypoBHe
pacnwIwi eHa y3ICa}I a6pa3HOHHasi imon[aAica, HHxce ROTOpOI pa3BHTa in poicasi
Teppaca a6COJHOTHOH BbICOTbI (6eperoBaa JIHHIIH) OT -2 go -5 (26-23) M.
Teppaca WJIO eHa rJIHHHCTo-HeceaxnIMH OTJIOxceHHJIMH c pegHok cJiayJOH
178
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Didacna praetrigonoides N a 1., Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1.1,. H, Ap, B page'
y,qaCTKOB 6epera (CM. (Hr. 98) xopoluo Bblpa?KeHa 5oJIee HH3KaH Teppa.ca,,
6eperOBa1 JIHHHH KOTOpOH pacnoaomeHa na BbICOTO OT -16 Ao -17 (11-12) M.
Ha TaICOii Me BbICOTe, xaK MbI. BHAe1III, HaxOAHTCH caMaa HH3Ha} BepXHe-
xBaJiblHCxaH Teppaca Ha AareCTaiICKoM no6epexfbe, ieamHee r. Maxa'IKaiia H
I{ iOry OT 116ep6awa. l-Ia6JIIoAaCTCH He TOJIbHO coBHageHHe. BLICOT TeppaCbI,
Ho H o6JIHKa ee oTJnomeIIHiI H ()ayHbl. 13 paiioHe cTaumi i HHJIH3H H f1HIMa 3Ta
Teppaca CJIOHfeHa necHaMH c raJIbKOH H paiynleH, HOTopble IIpHCJIOHHIOLCH
K OTHOmeHmIaM 6OJ(ee BbICOKOI4 (26-McTpOBOH) BepXHeXBaJIbIHCKOH TeppaCbI Han
K npoHIOBHaJIbIIbIM CyI'JIHH.KaM, IIOI - KaaCCHLIecjig pa3pe3, onHCannbiii A. B. .FOay6HTHIIKOBLIM (1914)
H A. B. HaJHBKIIHbIM (1914). CTOJIoo6pa3Haa noBepXHOCTb 3TOro Ocranija
nepe1pNNTa HHnRHexa3apei uMH OTJIO?KeHgaMg. HHxce o6HamaeTCH TOanja ii3-
BeCTH.F1KOB, IIecgani fOB, IIeCR,OB H .raJH 6a1HHCxoro flpyca. g. B. Poay6aT-
1180
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HHHOB (1914), ocxoBbIBaHCb Ha HecorJiacHHX B Ha1maCTOBaHI4H OTAeJILHMX
cJloeB H Ha I ayHHCTH9ecKHX pa3JIHLIHHX paape3a ,
J[eJIHT 6aHmicHme oTJio?IfeHHH Ha TpH ropH3oHTa: BepxHHI4', cpexuidi 14 IIH?KHHI3.
BepxHHi3 FOpH301T npe,CTaBJieH necxaMH C npOCJIOHMH H3BCCTHHxoB H
H3BeCTKOBHCTbIx necialIHKOB, MOIHHOCTbIO 15 M. 113 4ayHbl 3) ecb H3peAKa
BCTpetIaIOTCH TOJICTOCTeIIHMe Didacna rudis N a 1.
CpeJ;HHH rOpH3OIIT - neenri H neCtiaHHCTble rJIHHLi c pa1yfeid, MOHLHOCTbIO
oxoJlo 12 M. 3Recb BcTpeTiaioTCH: D. rudis N a 1., Dreissensia ponto-caspica
And r u s., Dr. rostri formis D e s h., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h., Mie-
romelania curta N a 1., Limnaeus sp.
HHmHHI3 FOP1130IIT npeuCTaimerI necTialIHCTLIMH rJIHHaMH, rJIHHHCTLIMH
necxaMH H necxaMH c (Jay.Hoii: Didacna catillus E i c h w ., D. parvula
N a 1., Dreissensia polymorpha P a l 1., Dreissensia rostriformis D e s h..,
Theodoxus pallasi, Micromelania. MoIAI-IOCTbio oxoslo 26 M.
DHr. 102. Pa3pe3 6aiHIIcrix oTJloi enHI3 B paI orie noceJIKa HM. Pa3HHa
(Annlepollcim i noJlyocTpoB).
I - 113DeCTHFHSH; 2 - rnllxl3cTlile HeCHu; 3 - rJ1HIIEJ
O61gaa MOWHOCTb, TaKHM o6pa30M, oI{oJio 60 M. OTJIO?KOHHH 9TH 3aiieraIOT
Ha pa3MbITOH nOBepXIIOCTH anmepoIIcinx o6pa3oBaHHH, OTgeJIHHCb OT HHX 6a-
3aJIbHbIM raiieTIHHnoM. HpoMe TOFO, Me?KJ[y arImepoHcnHM H 6aKHHCKHM spy-
CaMH HMeOTCH yTJIOBOO HecorJiaCHe, BblpamaIonieecH B TOM, 'ITO nepBbie Ha-
KJIOHeHLI HOA /FJIOM 15?, a BTOpMe- 1Og yrJIOM 10?.
Mbi He 6ygeM 3uecb KaCaTbCH BOnpOCa, Hacnojiino npaBHJIbHO Tahoe pac-
tIJIeHeHHe 6aKHIICKOro Hpyca, OTJIO?KHB paCCMOTpeHHe ero AO o6ngeii CTpaTH-,
rpa iwTiecnois TiaCTH pa60TLI. OTMOTHM JIHIIIb, LITO, oCnoBbiBascb Ha pa3pe3e
, cnopee Mo?KHO roBOpITb 0 ) BYX ropH3oHTax:
Bepxne6aiuHcKoM c Didacna rudis N a 1. (BepXHHI3 H cpeAHHI3 FOp1130HTM
A. B. FoaIy6HTHHIfoBa) H HH?ICBe6aimicHoM c D. catillus E i c h w. H D. par-
vula N a 1. Tahoe J;eJIeIIHe IIpHHHMaIOT MHOrHe 6amHHCKHe reoJiorI H OHO,
Ka1 BHJ;IIO H3 paccMOTpeHHOro MaTepHasIa Ho J;pyrHM 6eperaM Kacinia,
BHOJIHe onpaBJjbIBaeTCH.
BecbMa xapanTepen Tan?Ke pa3pe3 6aiHHcHHx OTJiomeHHi3 B parioile Ho-
ceima HM. Pa3HHa (I Hr. 102). Ha anlmeponcnHx H3BecTHHKax, nOJIOFO na-
KJIOHeHHble B IOrO-3auaAHOM HanpaBJIeHHH, 3asieraeT Tor u a H3BecTnHKOB, nec-
'IaHHKOB H neCTiarI ix rJiIIH, AHCJIOIUHpOBaHHbIX cornacno c ailmepOHOM, Ho
HMeIOHgHx 6oJiee rio orme yrnIbi (6-10?). 3Jgecb o6Ha?KaIOTCH:
Q2 1. ,I~OTpHTYCOBLie H3BecTHHKH-pauyIHeTIHFl1 c BKJIIOTIeHHeM McJIKOI3 TeMnold raJlbRH
H pe)mii Iayltbl - Didacna ex. gr. eulachia B o g. (F e d.), D. aff. pallasi P r a v.,
Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 I. MoHzHOCTL 2-3 M.
N 2. PJIHHHCTbie neCKH, MOIL HOCTbIO 3 M.
N 3. ,LeTpHTyCOBLIe H3BeCTIIFIKH-paIymmeTIHHKH C c ayaol~: D. ex. gr. eulachia var.,
D. aff. rudis var. catillus-rudis N a 1., D. aff. celekenica F e d., D. pravoslavlevi
F e d., D. aff. rudis N a 1., D. rudis var. varia N a 1., D. ex. gr. crassa E i c h w.
(D. ex gr. nalivkini). MOJI[HOCTb 2-2,5 M.
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 Q2 4.: EJIEne.Tbie'IIOCKH, IIepeCJIalBaJoJIHeca C HeCgaHHCTbIMH r3IHHaMH. MOHjHOCTb 6 M.
Qbx 5. JIOTpHTyCOBble H3BeCTHHKH-paKyfegHHKH CO CJIegaMH BbIHjeJIagHBaHHII. 3Aecb
BcTpegeHbl: D. rudis N a 1., D. rudis var. catillus-rudis, D. ex gr. carditoides.
MOHIHOCTb 1-1,5 M.
Qb' 6, rJIHHHCTbie IIOCKH C IIpOCJIOHMH IIeC IaHHCTbIX FJIHH, 3aJieralomHe Ha pa3MbIT0i3 HO-
BepXHOCTH aHHIepoHCKHX H3BeCTHHKOB, OTAeJIHHCb OT HHX 6a3a. f,abIM raJle'IHHHOM.
B CJioe CoAepxtHTCH 4 ayxa xpyiiHHx Didacna catillus E i c h w., D. parvula N a I.,
Dreissensia rostri formis D e s h. MOWHOCTb 20-25 M.
3TOT me -pa3pe3 IIpoCJIeJKHBaOTCFI H HecICOJIhKO io?xHee uoceima IIM. Pa3H-
Ha, rAe B cJioe 6 oco6enuo MHOro paxymH D. catillus E i c h w. H iopM, IIpo-
MexcyTogHbIX Memgy D. parvula n D. catillus E i c h w.
B paGCMOTpeHHoM pa3pe3e HeO6XOAHMO o6paTHTb BHHMaHHe Ha ABa o6-
CTOnTeJIhCTBa. Bo-HepBbIX, B H IL CTOBaHI4H 3ajleraiowHX 3Aeeb oTJIOMOMI R
He OTMegeHO cyHWCTBOHHTIX HecOrJIaCHI1, eCJIH He CLII1TaTb Toro, TITO H3BeCTHH-
xH c McJIKOI3 raJlbxoI3 H paxymeA cuo R 3 3a3leraloT Ha necgaHO-rJIHHHCTbIx
OTHIO?xeHHHX cuIOH 4. BO-BTOpbIX, B TO BpeMH xaR 4JayHa H3BeCTHfiiOB CJIOH 5
HMOOT 603yCJIOBIIO Bepxxe6aHKHClHg xapalTep, MoJIJUOCKH cuo 3 H 1 B
60JIbmHHCTBe CBOeM IIpeACTaBJIeHbI 6ojiee MOJIOAbiMH c opMaMH (D. eula-
chia, D. pravoslavlevi, D. all. nalivkini). TaxHM o6pa3oM, OCHOBbIBaJlCb
Ha pa3pe3e (, MOHiHO IIpegumaraTb, TITO cMeHa BepxHe6axHH-
cKOI3 c ayHM 6ojiee MO3IOAOR, OTHOCHII.101CH H IIepexOAHbIM CJIOJIM HuIH, CKO-
pee, y?Ke x CaMbTM HH3aM Xa3apcioro Apyca (ypyHA?iHKCKHI3 ropH3OHT),
He 6mna cim3aHa c HaHHM-JIH60 xpyIIHbIM H3MeHeHHeM B pelxHMO 6accei3Ha,
a IIBHJIaCb pe3yJlbTaTOM 3BOJIIOI;HOHHOrO pa3BHTHfI.
HH3bI 6axHHCRHx oTJIoHfeHHI3 IIpOCJIe?xHBaIOTCH H IO?KHee, B paHoHe 3bixa,
rAe OHH IIpeACTaBJIeHbI HecxiaHHCTbIMH rJIHHaMH H r3IHHHCThIMH IIecxaMH ?xeJl-
TosaTbix TOHOB c 4ayxoll Didacna catillus E i c h w., D. parvula N a 1.,
Dreissensia polymorpha P a 1 1., Clessiniola sp. BaiHHcRHe OTJIOHiOHH5I B
paI30He 3iixa IIpHC3IOHHIOTCH K KpLIJIy aHTHKuIHHaJIH, CJIO?KeHHOI3 aumepOHOM.
CeBepo-3araAHee 3TOro yqaCTKa B KOTJIOBaHaX o6HaHfaTOTCH HiOJITLIe
CJIOHCTbie ylJloTxeHHrlerJIHHHCTbie IIeCKH c o6HTIbH0II if ayHOII D. eulachia
B o g. (F e d.), D. all. eulachia, Dreissensia polymorpha P a 11.
OTMOTHM elm HH?xHe6aKHHeHHe yIIJIOTHOHHBIe rJIHHHCTble IIecKH HieJlToro
ABeTa B paiIoHe ApMeHHKeHga, r)e oHH cogepmaT 06HJIbHyIO C ayHy D.. catil-
lus E i c h w., D. parvula N a 1., HpoMo iiyTO4libie Meaiigy HHMH (opMM, a
TaK?xe Dreissensia polymorpha P a 11. BaRHHCKHe OTJIOHieHHfl OTMe'IeHM B
BOCTOiIHOI3 'ACTH AHmepola (Raffia), rAe oHH o6CTOfTTe3IbHO OIIHCaHbi B. B. Be-
6epoM (1931).
TarHM o6pa3oM, B eCTOCTBeHHIJX 06Ha?xeHHHX 6aRHHCKHe OTJIO?KeHHHI
rpeAcTaBJIeHbI B BHAe oTAeJlbHMIX o6pbIBKOB, IIepeKpbiTbiX B 60JIbmHHCTBe
c7Iy'aeB 6ojiee MOJIOAMMH oca) HaMH.
BOuee uornmi i pa3pe3 OTJIO?KeHHI1 6aIHHCKOro ifpyca Ha63Ho aeTCfi B MHO-
rogHCJIeHBbIX 6ypOBbIX CIBa?KHHax. B pie MOOT (BOCTOtIHbIA AumepoH)
BCTpegeHM H noA6aKHHCKHe HOHTHHeHTaJIbHbie OCaAKH (TIOpliHHCKHII ropH30HT).
Ha HHx 3aueralOT 6ypbie rJIHHN', MOIILHOCTbMO 10 M, c 06mu.HOH (ayBOH
D. parvula, peace - D. catillus H IIepeXOAHbIMH Me?KAy HHMH i opMaMH. BMme
i4AeT Touu a cepbix rJIHH, MOIIZHOCTLIO go 30 M, H Aanee CHOBa 6ypbie rJIHHM C
D. catillus, MOH(HOCTbI0 B HecKOJIblo AeCHTKOB McTpOB. Bblme 3aJleraloT y?Ke
6OJIee MOJIOAbie (rioprnHCKHe, no 0. B.. AameBCKOI3) oTJIO?KerHH.
BaHHHCKHe OTJIOHiOIHH B IIpe)eJlaX BOCTO'IxoII gaCTH AHmepoHcHoro no-
JIyoCTpOBa o6LIgHO BbIIIOJIH$IIOT cHxKJIHHaJIbHbie Hporr6bl, o6pa3oBaxxble
IIOp0AaMH anmepoHCKOro flpyca, H 3aiieraiOT 3Aecb Ha 6ojiee HH3KHX rHHCO-
McTpHgeCKITX _ oTMeTKax, He?Keiia B 3anaAHOl1 IIOJIOBHHe uOJlyocTpoBa . TaK,
KpOBJIcI 3THX OTJIO?xeHHli B IgeHTpaJlbHo1 gaCTH FIOprRHCKOII cHHKurHaJIH ouy-
I YCTHOe coo6IISeHHe 0. B. gamHeBCJOI3, 1941 r.
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Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
III;eHa I-Ia 400-460 M HFUHO ypOBIIFI F acumi, TorRa Hax Ha oH1I paciiOJIO11IeT HepcxoJ[Hblii, a Bo3M0?hHO H CaMOCTOHTOJIbHbIA xa-
paKTep OTJ.IO?KCHHYI c D. eulachia.
OJ{HaHO no wiciIHO HOBbIX, Xa3apcKux 9JIOMOHTOB B c ayHe MOJIJIIOCHOB
.3aiiaAHo%i TypHMeHHH (D. kovalevskii B o g., D. ex gr. nalivkini W a s s.
H Ap.) yHa3bIBaCT Ha 66JJbuIylo 6JIH3OCTb 3THX CJIOeB n xa3apeRoMy apycy
B HIHpOKOM ero HoHHMaHHH. HaUOMHIIM, 'qTO eMe B 1931 r. B. B. Be6ep pa-
nylHe,IHHKH c D. postcarditoides (H D. eulachia?) iia AHIHepoxcnoM HOJIyOCT-
poBe OTHOCHJI H HH3aM cpegHero ipyca (Xa3aponoro) ApeBHexacIHHCKHX OT-
JIO?KeHHis. ,aRbHeIIHIHe HCCJIeAOBaHHH yTOIIHHT HX cTpaTHrpa(HHLIecnoe fOJIO-
?KeHHe, a HOKa B Hameil cxe e MbI pacemaTpIBaeM Hx B COCTaBe Xa3apcnOro
npyca.
6) XaaapcKHH apyc
OTJIO?KeI-11,19 xa3apcnoro npyca pa3BHTbi Ha BeeX 6eperax Hacini icnoro
MOpH. OIIH Bbipa?KOHbl B MOPCHOH H HOHTHHOHTaHbHOH (Iagkmx.
HaHMenoBauHe (xa3apcnVII3 npyc)) 6iiaO BUIOpBbIO npev io?KeHO H. H. AHg-
pycOBb1M H HpHMCHeHO H. A. HpaBocJIaBneBhIM (1913) Ain OTJIO?KeHHFI Ce-
Bep140rO Hpiniacrnrn, 3aJieraIou ix Meu y 6aHFIHCKFIMH H XBaJIbIHCKHMH
ocaJIHaMH. B CBOTe H3JI0?KCHHOrO BbIHIe Ham Hpet[CTaBJIaeTCH He06x0gaMb1M
6oHee mHpoROe HoHHMaIIHe o6,bOMa xa3apcnoro npyca, rJIaBHbIM o6pa3oM 3a
CTIeT BHJIIOLIeHHH B ero COCTaB 6OJIee APCBIIHX OTJIO?KeHHn, panee OTIIOCHBHIHX-
en o6bIgHO K BepxaM 6aKnncnoro Hpyca. B TaJOM HoHHMaHHH xa3apenan
npye BKJnomaeT B ce6H Acjimii noMHJFenc pa3JIHLIHbIX B I aUHaJIbHOM oTuoaleHHH
ocaj;KOB, (JopMHpoBaBHflXCH B TOBeHHe J>;OBOJIbHO J[JIHTeJIbHOro OTpe3Ka Bpe-
McHH, HO o6JIaAaio14HX 60Mlee HJIH MCH.ee OJ);HIIbIM COCTaBOM ()ayHbI MOJIJIIOC-
HOB, OTJIWIIIbIM Kan OT 6annHCnoro, Tan H OT XBaJIbIHCKOrO. Ha OCHOBaHHH
naJIeOHTOJIOrHMCCKHX J[aHHbIX H o6mux H3MCH0HHI3 HaJICOrpa(HneCHon o6-
cTaHOBnH Xa3apCnOrO Bena MO?KHO CpCJ[H MOPCHHX H HOHTHHeHTaJIbHbIX Xa-
3apCHIIX oTJlo?KelHFu HadnHHCliOH BHaJ1;HHbI BblICJIHTb ABa rOpH3OHTa: HH?n-
HeXa3apCnHH H Bepxnexa3apciHH.
B OCIIOBaHHH Xa3apcHOro Jipyca mm noMenjaeMOTJIO?neHHH cD. eulachia -
ypyIiJ[?KHHCnHH rOpn3011T, HOTOpbII, TaHHM o6pa3oM, HpeAcTaBJiaeT co6oii
camoCTOnTeJIbHyIO cTpaTHrpa(IHiiecnyIO eAHHHuy.
0TJIO?Kennn ypyHR?KHHCnoro ropi30HTa cDidac-
na eulachia B o g. (F e d.) 6MJIH BHepBble ROHCTaTHpOBanbI B 3alaJ1;HOII BiaCTH
HypFlHCnoH HH3MCIIHOCT14, B aHTHHJIHHaJIbHbIX CTpyHTypax ,L,103-Jar H
Hapar?Ka, B. B. Bora4eBbIM (1916), B. B. Be6epoM (1913) 11 RpyrHMH.
HOBaH (opMa - D. eulachia, ycTaxoBJleHHan, HO Tax H He oIIy6JIHnoBaH-
HaH B. B. BoranIeB.mm, 6bIJIa oTHecexa HM, , R
BepxaM 6ammcRoro npyca (HoBanIeBcini, 1936, CTp. 84). OTJIO?neHHH 3TH
113BecTHbi B HapaMapbnHCnOM yBaJie H I-ia AnuiepOHCKoM HOJIyoCTpOBe. AHa-
JIorHiIHaFi c aylIa 3anJ iogienIa B oca));Kax, pa3BHTbIX B HpH6aJlxaHCnoi3 H113-
McHHOCTH 3alagHOH TyplMeHHH, H3BOCTHMX em e B. H. Be6epy H H. H. Ha-
JIHAHOMy (1911) H OTHOCOIIIHLIX HMH Tannce K BCpXaM 6aKHHcnoro apyca.
CTpaTHrpac nnecnoe m HaJICOHTOJlorHgecHoe onacaHHe 3THX OCaAHOB H HX
HaHMeHOBaulie Z[ano B pnRe HaiHHx pa60T (DeJ[opoB, 19461,2, 1953), rAe oHH
6bIJIH OTHeCCHbI it HH3aM Xa3apcnoro npyca. WopMbl, Oilenb 6JIH3KHe H
D. eulachia, 6bIJIH o611apy?Kenbi HahH B 3M6encHoM paiioxe.
229
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
OTJIOMOHIIFI ypylA?KHKCKOFO I'OpH3OHTa B 6OJIbmHIICTBe cJiygaeB 3aJre-
raIOT Ha pa3MMITOYI IIOBCPXHOCTH 6aHHIICKoro xpyca (HaH Bepxi-iero, Tax H
H11 HOro e1'O rOPH3O11TOB). B 3aIIaAHO[I TypHMeHHH (IIpH6arIxaneKafi HH3Men-
HOCTb), HpoMC FICHOFI JIHHIIH pa3MbIBa, OTMegaeTCa yrJIOBOe Hecor3laCHe Mem-
Ay ypyHAmHKCKHM paICymegHHKOM it 6aKIIHCKHMH rJIHHaMH. HecorJlacxoe
3aneraHHe IICCROB C raJIbKoI1 it paKOBHHaMH D. eulachia Ha6JIIoJ;aeTCH H B
3araAHOfI gaCTII HypHI1CHOiI HH3MCHHOCTH.
YpyuJjHCHKcuui3 ropH30HT o6blgHo IIpeACTaBJIeii Hpn6pemHbIMI3 paKymeg-
IIIIKaMII II IlecuaMH c raJIbKOII; IIOCJIeAHRH IIplypogeHa K IIOAOmBe 3THX OT-
JIOMeHHii H 3aiieraeT Ha pa3MbITOI3 HOBepXHOCTH rHHHHCT IX HgHCHe6auHHCKHx
OCaAKOB HJIH Ha TaHHx me Hpn6peBHblx pauymegHHKaX Bepxxe6aKHHcxoro
ropH3oHTa. B uocne)HeM CJIygae epeAH co6CTBBIHO ypyHA RHKCKOiI I ~a7yHM
6oJIbmyio pOJib HrpaioT IIepeOTJIOMOHHMe Bepxxe6aKHHccHe paROBHHM (ReJie-
KeH). (?aI;HaJIbxbIII xapanTep H yCJIOBHH 3ajieraHH5I ypyHA KHKCKHX OTJIO?xe-
HHII yRa3bIBaIOT, LITO Hx l opMHpoBaHHe CBFI3aHO C TpaHerpeCCHeiI Mopil, eme-
nIIBmeI3 nocJIe6auuncuyio perpeccino. BeCbMa XapauTepHoi gepTOLI 3THX
OTJIO?Kennft gBJIHeTCFI HCRJIIOglTeJIbHOe eJ(HHOo6pa3He (ayxbl MOJIJIIOCHOB B
IIpeAeJlax Bcero 6acceiiua, KoTOpoe BIIpa naeTCH B rocuoj ciBe Didacna eu-
lachia B caMblx pa3JIHLIHbix o6JIaCTFIx. HIO6OHMTHO, ilTO DTH MOJIJIIOCKH B
HypuHcno HH3MeHHOCTH H 3araAuoi TypnMeHHH COBePmOHHO CXOAHbi MOM-
Ay co6oi3. HenOTOpble peruoxamlbxhle oco6exxocT14, Bblpa?Ka1oJ1 uecH B HaJIH-
gHII McCTHMX, *IHCTO 3HAeMHmHblx (opM (IlejieueH), He BJIHFIIOT IIa o6ii[HI3 xa-
panTep c ayHbl, HpeACTaBJlexHOYi MOTH HCICJIIOMITOJILHO D. eulachia H Hexo-
TOPbIMH Apyr12MI[ ()opMaMH, 6JIH3KHMH K rpynre D. crassa E i c It w.
YpyHJ[?KHKCHHH POP113011T 3aJICraOT B 11II3aX J 0BOJibBO MOMHOII TOJIHU[l,
IIpeACTaBJIeHHOfi B 3anaAHOii TypiMeHHH H HypHHCKOiI HH3M0HHOCTII nOH-
THHelTaJIbHbIMH OTJIOHieHHFIMII. B IIpH6aJixancno HII3MeHHOCTIl 3auaAHOI3
TypuMeHHH MOpexHe IIpn6pomHbie ocaAKH ypyIIAH{HKCKorO ropH3oHTa CTpa`
T[Irpa(JHgecnu BBCpX HOCTeiieHHo CMCHHIOTCH onpeeHenHbIMH OTJIOHCOHHHMH C
McJIKHMH D. all. eulachia, Dreissensia.
Mime IIpeo6JIaAaIOT yHCc npeCHOBOAHiso aJIJIIOBHaJImHble H aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-
AeJIbToBble OTJIOH4CHHH Hpa-AMy-LapLa C Unio Sp. H paCTHTeJIbHbIMH OCTaT-
KaMH, KOTOpbie BeHLIaiOTCH IIa3CMHMMH ocaAxaMII. BOCTOgHee aTa TOJI19a
HOCTeHeuHO IICpCXOgHT B a JIJIIOBHaJlbHMC OTJIOH{CHHH KapanyMcno i CBHTbI.
Ha 3aiaA aJIJIIOBHaJIbHble necHN CMCHHIOTCFI OIIpeCHeHHLIMH MOPCKHMH tJIH-
HIICTbIMH ocagHaMH. IIOCJIeAHHe B IOro-3aiiaJ{xoI1 gaCTH HpacxoBOAcxoro
HOJIyOCTPOBa coAepmaT [ ayHy KHJIeBaTmIX TpeyroJibxnIx D. all. subpyra-
midata P r a v., D. aff. kovalevskii B o g. H AP., xapaKTepxblx ynfe AJla co6-
CTBeHHO 11IIHfHexa3apcnoro ropn3oHTa.
H It H{Ilex a 3 a p c H H e 0TJI0meHHFI IIpu6asIXaHCKOIi H143
McHHOCTH H HH3MeHHbIx RapanyMOB (BepXHna gaCTb KapanyMcnoii CBHTLI)
9pe3BbIgafiHO BbIAepmaHM He CBOOMy JIHTOJIorHgecnoMy H MHHepaJIorH-
McCKOMy COCTaBy H XapawTepr3yIOTCu IIOJIHbIM OTCyTCTBHCM McCTuoro npoino-
BHaJIbHoro MaTepHaJia. ,T ante B HeIIOCpeACTBeHHOII 6JIII3OCTH H FOPHMM BO3-
BbHHeHHOCTFIM OHH IIO'TH He o6oraIL aIOTCFI ranIe'Ho-rpaBHI3HMMH H APyFHMH
oca)KaMH. Ha Beets OrpOMHOM IIPOCTpaHCTB0 OT Amy-AapbH go BaiIxaHOB
H J;aiiee go IlejIexelIa H HpacxoBoj;cxa 3aiieraeT egHHaH B rexeTHgecHOM OT-
HOmeHHH TOJIIIja, oAHOpoAxan HO csoeMy HeTporpac HaecxoMy CocTaBy, 6oJiee
HeCgaHHCTaH Ha BOCTOKO H 6ojiee rJIHHHCTaII Ha 3anaJO. Bee aTH OCO6eHHOCTH
yHa3bIBaIOT Ha TO, 'TO ( )OpMHpOBaHHe HHHCxexa3apcxol3 TOJIMH B 3anauxoIi
TypuMCHHH HpOHCXOAHJIO B YCJIOBHHX cyxoro KJIHMaTa, npH HHPTOHCHOM pa3-
1 HaxoJ{KH (ayii6I MoJIJBoCKOB, 6JIH3KHX K ypy1lA]KHKCKHM ILIIII BepxHe6aIHHCKHM BO
BHaJ[HHaX I{apamop H IfyMCe6meH, a Taume B HapaiyMax, 3ariaj[Hee MepHj[Hai[a Amxa-
6ajia (CKBa Hama), B03MOMHO J[aTOT ocHOBaHHfI IipeJjHoJlaraTb, qTO ypyHAMHKCKOe Mope
B MOMeiIT MaHCHMaJIbHOuo paCapocTpaHeHHH BTOpraJIOCb AaJIeHo Ha BOCTOR, B o6JIaCTb
3anaAHbTX I-capaHvMOB H pnaa 3aMHIIymIX BHaj[HH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
BHTHH McCTHbIX HpOJIIOBHaJIbIIb1X HpOBeCCOB H 11OCTOfTHHOM 06011JILHOM IIOCTyH-
HeHHH peLIHbIX BOA gpeBHeli Ally-&pbH, Hecmeli uepe3 HH3MeHHb1e Hapa-
HyMb1 O6JIOMOLIHbIH MaTepnaJI c rop Cpegiicii ABHH.
AHaJIH3 MaTCp]aHa y6e?I#AaeT Hac 13 TOM, LITO 311ag1IT0JIbHOe o6BOAHeHHe
Hpa-Ally-/iapbn 6bIJIO o6yCJIOBJI0HO TaHHHCM o6mHpxoro rOpHOr0 oneAe-
HeHHFI B eO BCpXOBbf1X, Bepo}ITHO, OAHOrO 143 TCpynnbix, a MO?I#eT 6bITb H ca-
Moro 6oHILIioro 3a L1eTBepT14L41IMII HcpHOA. Pa3JiugHe B ()ayHe MOJIJIIOCHOB HH-
30B 3TO11 TOJIHUH (ypyHA}I#HI#ci{H13 rOpH30HT) H HOI{pbIBaIOM11X ee OCaA1#OB
yna3mBaeT Ha IIpOAOJI?I#HTOJIbIIOCTb ee HaHOHJIeHFIa, BepOHTHO, B T0LTBHHe
BecbMa AJ114TCJIbHOr0 BpeMOHFf.
AJIJ41OBHaJIbHO-A0JIbTOBb1e H aJIJIIOBHaJIbHb1e 1-114?KHexa3apcHH0 oTJIOm0HHn
CTpaTHrpa(rHnIecnn BBCpX CMOHfIIOTCH Ha30MHbIMH o6pa30BaHHfIM14, KOTOpble
nepenpbI]3aIOTCSI necor JIaclIO rOpH3OIITOM Hpy1H03epH14CTOF0 HBaplzeBoro
ilecna c HpyHIIbIMH ilewyRIiaMH CJIIOAbl H raJ1bl#0H 1IOACTHJIaIO1I;HX rJIHHHCTMX
HJIaCTOB. FOpH30IIT OTOT, xapaHTepHbIH TalcaI c an BCeIl HJIOIgag1 H143MeflHbIX
RapaICVMOB, CBf13aII C i#paTHOBpOMeHHbIM yCHJIeHHeM CTOHa peLIHbIX BOA HOC-
Jie rJenoTOpOr O ero yMeHbLBeHlln.
BJI143I#o11 H 3TOMy rOpH30I1Ty HO cBOeMy (au;Ha3blOMy xapanTepy H cTpa-
THrpa(HLICCI#oMy IIOJIO?I#OHH4o HBJIJOTCH HecxiaHO-rJIHHHCTaa TOJIIL[a HH?I#Hero
HOBOJI?I#bli, HMOHyeMan O6bILIIIo C11Hr1HIbCHOYI. 8Ta MCCTHaI ACJIbTOBaf c a-
114H HM00T 06Ht0e CTpaT11rpa(J)u1 ieCI#Oe 3Haggenne. FJIaBHbIM AOI#a3aTCJIbCTBOM
COHOCTaBHMOCTII IIpCCIHOBOA11bIX CHHr11JIbC1KHX H Ha3OMHbIX acTpaxaHcHffx
OTJIO?I#OHI 14 C anIJI10BHaJIbI1O-ACJ1bTOBOII IIH,ICIIexa3apCnOH TOJ11AeR B 3anaAHOH
TypICMC1IHH HBJTHOTCH HX CTpaTHrpa(f HLIOCI{Oe IIOJIOII#CHHO HeIOCpeACTBOHHO
Hag 6aHwici- HMu OTJIO?HCI-IHHMH (LlepHbIH Hp 11 Me?ngypeLlbe BonIrn H Ypaiia)
H HOA Bepxuexa3apcnBMII ocaAICaMII, a TaI ne Ha3IeOHTOJIOPHLleCHtie gaHHble.
B CIIHrHJIbCIHIX OTJIO?l#CIIIIHX BCTpe'IaCTCH (layHIa MOHJIIOCI{OB, TOmAOCTBeH-
Han u1?I#IIexa3apcuoIi (ayne I#aBICa3CnOro 1I06epe?I#bn H WO-3alauIIOH L4acTH
HpacHOBoACHOrO HOJiyOCTpoBa (Didacna sabpyramidata P r a v., D. pallasi
P r a v. H Ap. ).
CHHrHJIbCnle H acTpaxaucrose FJIHHHCTbie ocaAKH HH?I#nero HOBOJ1mbH
He06xoAHMO, CLCAOBaTeJIbIIO, OT1IOC11Tb H IIH?I#IIeXa3apCHOMy rOpFI3OHTy.
Tanoro me xapalnTepa IIpCCHOBOAIIble H Ha3eMlIbie OTJIOM01114H pa3BHTb1 B
Ryp1II-ICI{OH IIH3MCIII-HOCT11 cTpaTarpa(cH IeCnH BMIme panyHIetIHHI#a c D. eu-
lachia. AJIHIOBHaJIbIIO-iIpOJIIoB1IaJIbIIble BepxHeyIHTaJ1bCnlle HHmHeXa3apCl#He
win rTOprnllCHHC nonrimmepaTbl, cyrleCH H HCCHH, HoAcTHJIaeMble HpocJToeM c.
D. eulachia, nan{ C1IpaBCAJIHB0 CLIHTaeT C. A. EOBazieBCnin (1936), MOrYT
paCCMaTpIIBaTbCfl scan ()JIIOBitor JIf11 flaJIbHb10 OTJIO?I#OHHH.
TaldAAM o6pa3o1\ , He TOJII,I#O Mopcl#He OcagHH ypyng?I#Hicci0ro rop1I30HTa
xopoBio yBFI3bIBaloTCH B 1ipeAeJlax BCOH HaCHHicuofi o6JIaCTH, Ho MOPyT
6b1Tb COuOCTaBJIC11Iil MCn#Ay 006011: If 1COB:T14IIOIITaJIbIIb1e OTJIO?HeHHn, 3aJIeralo-
WHe He1OCpCACT130I1110 BbTJTT0 3TOI'O rOpH30HTa.
HH?I#IIexa3apCl#11:e OTJIOncoIIfIn ItaBHa3CICOrO H06epe?I#bH, M/1aHrbIHIJIaI#a,
RpacIIOBo cnor0 )IOJ(yOCTp0Ba H BOCTOLIH011 LIaCTIT CeBepIIOrO Hpniiacnis
BbIpameHbI B MOpCI#OH d)ai[H11:. Ila AmuepoHCI#OM IIOJIyOCTpOBe HH?I#HeXa3ap-
cniie (rlopralICI#He) OTJIO7I#01114H 3aJleralOT IreIiocpeACTBeH1IO Ha Bepxax 6aI#HH-
CI#Oro npyca 11JIH ypy1IA?I#BI#CICOFO rOpH3OHTa. Tai#an me HOCJIejoBaTeJIbHOCTb
Ha61IIogaCTCH, Ha BCCM ua13I#a3ci#OM no6epe?nbe, rge 3T1I OTJIO?HOHHS 06pa3yIOT
BbICOI{O HOAIIHTble TCppaCbl. Callan BbIcoidan rIopr nHCI#an Teppaca OTAeJInOT-
Cn JIHHIb 1Ie60JIbn1HM a6pa3lloIIIIbIM yCTyIIOM OT BepXHe6ai#HHCICOH Teppac i
B L arecTaITe Si OT Teppacbl c Didacna eulachia H D. pravoslavlevi Ha ioro-BOC-
TOLIHOM HaBi#a3e.
CJIegOBaTeJIbHO, OTJlo?HeHHn II1I?I#Hexa3apcl#oro ropH3OHTa 3)OCb 3aiieralOT
HellocpegCTBOIIHO Ha ypyl1A?KHICCIcOM pasymei4HBHe. HO3TOMy HH?I#Hexa3ap-
CnHe MopcnHe 0TJ1O?4#eHHH ICaBi#a3cl#OrO no6epe?I#bn, o6pa3yloawHeHecnnOJIbH0
'eppac, MOFTT 6bTTb cOHOCTaBJlel4bl c I#apalcyMcIcoH a3IJIIOBHIa3IbHo-Ae3IbTOBOYI
231
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 TOHH[ei3 3anaAHo TypHMeHHu, BepxHeyIIITaJIh7'7cHo i CBHT01i HypHHCROII HH3-
McHH0CTH H cHHrHJIbcRHMJ4 cJioiMH HFr,Hero 11OBOJIMLJI, HOTOpble Taw a 3a.-
JieraioT Ha MopcRHX ypyHgmnRcHHX ocaARax. CHHxpOHn3ar(rn BepxHeyHITaJIb-
CHOH ROHTHHeHTaru,no i CIIIITmI IOMHOro HOJ{HOMLJI IorO-BOCTOLIHOrO HaBRa3a
H rioprfincroii (HH3lfxexa3apc}'oIi) CBHTbi noJIygI Jia o6mee Hp11311anne a3ep6aI3-
AxcaHCxnx reo3lcroB. COHOCTaBJIeHHe HIISRHexa3apcnHx (riopraHcnHx) OTJIO-
1i{eHIII3 c a3IJIIOBHaJIbno-AeJIbTOBOfI ToJiuAeI3 TypiMeumH OCHOBhIBaeTCfl Ha nix
CTpaTHrpa( P ecuoM IIOJIOJReHHH, naJIeoHTOJIorngecICHx )IaHHLIX H o6njHOCTH
narleoreorpac n ieeuoI3 o6cTaHOBun, B ycJJOBHHX HOTOpOI3 IIpOHCxoAHaO nix
( opMnpoBanne. CTpaTarpa(HLIecuoe IIOJIOHCeHHe 3THX OTJIonieHnld, Rau yHCe OT-
Me'leno, BUOJIHe CXO)HO. (I)aynnCTHtiecRan xapaRTepncTHua nix ocaonaHHfi
(ypyngmKRcum3 paieyiue*IHnu) B o6onx cJiyuaxx TO fr eCTBeHHa.
TO uacaeTCR caMOIl aJiJIIoBHaJimHO-geaTJ ToBOT3 T7'~OJIUJH, TO Ha Ioro-3anaJ;-
HoM 6epery HpacnoBo cuoro noJlyocTpoBa H Ha gejieReje (garnnIe OT 0II-
pecueuuog 30HMI) B Hnx BcTpeaaloTcfl Didacna subpyramidata, D. pallasi
P r a v., D. kovalevskii Bog. H ApyrHe c opMbi, 6JIH3Hne R Mayne HH)RHexa-
3apcunx Teppac Kanua3a.
Haxonei[, OTJIHHHTeJIbnoIi iiepTOII Hn?RHeXa3apCRHX TeppaCOBLIX OTJlonfe-
HHg IiaBua3cuoro no6epeuu g fiBJIHeTCJI o6nJiHe TeMHoeepoII H iiepnoii ra3iLHH
nopoA FJIaBHoro HaBRa3cRoro xpe6Ta. OTMeTHM, iITO L. B. FOJIy6HTHHxos
HMeHHO 3TH Teppacbl OTHOCHJI R KCpeAHeMy> fapycy (xa3apcuoMy), a He x 6a-
RHBCROMy. 11peo6JIa)aRHe ra3IbrH H necia nopoA FJIaBHoro KaBRa3cnora
xpe6Ta (ruaBHNM o6pa3OM TOMHLIe IOpcuIIe H McTaMop~IIYeCICHe nOpOAhI,,
a Tauare RBapII), npH BecbMa MaJIoM, a Liame II HntITO9iIHOM COAepnCaHHH raJib-
RH McCTHMIX nopoA, roBOpnT (RaR H B 3anaAHo73 TypRMemnH) o cJIa6oM pa3-
BHTHn npOJnOBnaJlbHOrO cuoca H, HanpOTHB, - 0 MOIBHOM IIOCTyIIJIeHHH
06JioMOiiHoro MaTepHaJla H3 BLICOROrOpHMX o6JlacTel3 Kanua3a BMeCT&
C HOTOHOM TaJIbIX JIe)HnuoBLIX BOA. 9TO co3AanauIO McCTHyIO OnpeCHeHHy!Q
3011y BAOJib RaBRa3CROro no6epe?Rbs, Ha TO yua3LIBaeT TpnroHOHAHbn3 Xa-
pauTep HH?HHexa3apcunx Didacna. TaRHM o6pa3oM, H Ha RaBRa3CROM 6epery
Hr fcHexa3apCRHe OTJEOHCeHHfi ~opMHpoBa.IHCb B yCJIOBHIIX OTHOCHTeJIbHo
cyxoro RJInMaTa, npH IIOCTOIIHHOM H o6HJIbHOM IIOCTynJIeHHH TaJIbIX BOA,
o6mHpnoro ropnoro OJreAeneHHfi.
HHHCHexa3apcune OTiio ueHHfi o6pa3ylOT TpII (MecTaMH LIeTEIpe) Teppacbi Ha
BLICOTax: 80-85 (108-113)M, 120-125 (148-153)M, 170 (198) M H 200 (228) M;:
caMam nbicorafl H3 Hnx HaxOAHTCg B o6JIaCTH IOro-BOCTOtIHOrO HaBRa3a.
B COCTaBe (ayrbl MOJIJIIOCROB 3T14X Teppac upeo6JiagaIOT TpeyroJlmHbre uHJie--
BaTbie Didacna paleotrigonoides F e d., D. subpyramidata P r a v.,.
a Tar?Re BcTpeuaIOTc$I D. nalivkini W a s s., D. pallasi P r a v., Dreissen-
sia, Theodoxus H Ap.
Ha MaHI-mmuaue H HpacnonOAcuOM noJlyocTp,oBe HH}ICHexa3apcuHe Mop-
CRue OTJIOHCeHnH npeAcTaBJienbI n3BecTHHuaMH-pauymegHnRaMH IIpH6peau-
Horo xapawTepa, uOTOpJIe HanleraloT Ha noAcTHJlaioHgne 6aiHHCRHe H TpeTHq-
Hble IIopo)bl H pacuonoxceHbl na BLICOTO AO 10-15 (38-43) M (ceBepo-3anaA-
HLII3 ManrLlmJiau). Hn uuexa3apcune Teppacbl 3Aecb He coxpaHmiHCb, Tart
xaH ocaARH 3Toro BpeMeHH 6biJln nepeupNTbI 6OJIee MoJIOAof - xB3JILIHC1Oirf
TpancrpeccxeI3. HHxcHexa3aFcRne paRymetlHbre H AeTpHTycoBLe H3BeCTHHRi
HpoTHrHBaioTCH AOBOJIbHO y3ROI3 HoJloco73 BAOJtb 6epera ManrbIIIIJIaua, MecTaMH
BMHJIHHHBaHcb, 6yAytin cpe3arbr no3AneI3meIi a6pa3neii. Ha HpadHOBo) cROM
nOJlyocTpone, B 3M6encIICM parioue H Ha II-OBe By3aLIn OHH 3aHHmaIOT 6oamuHe
nJIonjaAH. (Dayna MojimocRon 3THx OTJIO?HeHHH npeAcTanneHa npelIMyigecT-
Benno Didacna nalivkini W a s s., D. all. artemiana B o g., D. subpallasi
P r a v., D. all. subpyramidata P r a v., D. ex gr. kovalevskii B o g. Ho-
caeAHHe ABe (IOPMLI OTMe1IeHHI TOJIbHO Ha HpaCHOBOACROM IIOJIyOCTpOBe.
HeCMOTpH na HeROTopble OTJIHLIHf HHHCHOXa3apcRog (ayHbl MaHrMIIIJIaRa
OT HOMIIJIeuca ()OpM RaBRa3cuoro no6epelubJI, MOJRAy HHMH mMeeTCH 60JIbIIIOe-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
pOACTBO, II03BOJIfIIOn[ee BIIOJ.IHO HaAemllo COHOCTaBJIHTb 3T14 OTJIO7KOHHH.
Ha MaHrLHIMaJe B 3THX ocaJKax, KpOMe n3BeCTHOBOrO AeTpHTyCa H ApeCBbl
paHymH, c3H[eCTBenIIyIO pwJlb HrpaIOT 3epHa OOJIHTOB, CBHJ[eTeHbcTByIOmHe
o6 o6oralu,elHH MOpOHOH BOAbI KanbLLHeM, BHAHMO, B CBH3H C erO 06HJLbIIuIM
HOCTynJIeHHeM C CyIHIi.
TaKHM o6pa30M, cpeAll HHSKI-Iexa3apeimx OTJIoHcelHH BbIAeJIHIOTC5I MOpCKHe
n KOHTHHeHTaJIbHLIe ocaAKH. Mopcmie IIIi7ICIIexa3apCKHe OTJIOHCOHHH co ep7KaT
e ayHy: Didacna nalivlcini W a s s., D. subpyramidata P r a v., D. paleo-
trigonoides F e d., pe7Ke-D. kovalevslcii, a Tam7Ke D. pallasi P r a v.
II Apyrfe C opMbl. OIIH pa3BHTbI Ha HpadHOBOACKOM HOJIyoCTpOBe, MaH-
rbiHlJiaKe, II-oBe BywIH, B YpaJIO-3M6eHCKOM pafOHe, B pHAe IIyI-IKTOB Boaro-
YpaJIbCHOrO Me7KAypetIbH, Ha HaBKa3CKOM no6epenu e. HOHTHHeHTaam-me OT-
JIO?KeHHH HHm Hexa3apCKOrO BpeMel-IH BbIpan eHbI B aJIJIiOBHaJIbHOH H Ha3eMHOH
I aiZHHX. OHH pa3BHTbI B 3anaAIIo i TypnMeHHH (flpHKaCIIHHCKaa HH3MeHHOCTb
H HaparyMbi), B CeBepIIOM HpHKacnHH, B Tepcno-HyMcnoi H HypH icnou
HH3MeI-IH0CTHX. B OCI-IOBaI-IHH 3THX OCaAKOB, nan H B HOAOBIBO HH1KHeXa3ap-
CKHx MopCKHX OT7IO7K3IIHH IOFO-BOCTOTIHOI'O HaBKa3a, B 60HblHHHCTBe CJIygaeB
3anieraioT panyme=IHHKH c D. eulachia.
HH?KHexa3apcnne oTJIO7KeHHH AHCJIoJ HpOBaHbI B IIpeAeiiax BceiI HaCIIHII-
CKOII BIIaAHHbI. MOIAIIOO B03AbIMaHHe HaBKa3a IIpHBeJIO K TOMy, iITO 3TH ocaAuH
Ha KaBKa3CICOM uo6epembe o6pa3yIOT HeCKOJIbHO BbICOKO IIpnIIOAHHTbIx Tep-
pac. Ha MaHrblmJiaKe, IcpacHOBo cuom HOJIyOCTpOBe H H-0Be By3aTIH, B CBH3II
C OTHOCHTeJIbIIOH cTa6HJtbIIOCTbIO 3THX TeppHTOpHH, HH?Knexa3apcnHe OTJIO-
7KeHHH OKaaanHeb HepespLITbIMH IIaionnleHHHMH 60nee o6mnpHOH paHHeXBa-
JIbIHCKOH TpaHcrpeccHH. 3HaglsTeJibxoe IIorpy7KeHHe HCIIblTaHIII OHH B HypHH-
cnoi , Tepcno-HyMcnoii H flpHaTpeKCKOII H143MeHHOCTHx H cpaBHHTeJibno He-
6oJIbmoe - B HH?KIIeM HOBOJUKbe.
MOWHOCTb 3THX oCaAKOB B KypHHCKOH, TepcKo-HyMcnoR H HeHMHpO-
gJSnJs IJIHpCKOH TOHTOHHMeCKHX BIIaAHIIax AOCTHraeT 100-200 M; B CeBepHOM
IIpiisacmm olla H3MepiiOTCH 06bI i-io HOCHOJILHHMH AeCBTKaMH McTpOB. Eige
McHbmeH MOII[HOCTH, uopnAKa 1-10 M, AOCTIIraIOT HH?KHexa3apCKHe MopeI He
OTJion eIIHH MaHr nmriaKa j4 KaBKaacnoro no6epe7Kba.
H HH7KIIexa3apCKOMy Bo3paCTy, IIOKa yCJIOBHO, J[ojimii I 6bITb OTHeCOHM
AeHyAHpoBaIII-Ibie TeppaCOBbie IIOBepXHOCTH, pa3BHTble BAOJib npeArOpHII
TalmimHHcioro xpe6Ta, IIa BbICOTax 82 (110),120-130(148-158)14 170 (198) M.
B epxnexa3a pcnn e 0TJI0M e H H H B Hamei HonisMaiHH,
IIOLITH COOTBOTCTBYIOT no CBOOMy o6ieiy xa3apcnoMy Hpycy M. M. ~HynoBa
(1945) H 6ojmbmHHCTBa Apyrisx HCCJIeAoBaTeJIeH.
3TH OTJIO7KeI-IH9 BLIpaH OHbl B MOpCKOII H KOHTHHeHTaJIbHOH I amHHx.
MOpCKHe BepXHeXa3apCKHe ocaAKH iiawe BCero npeACTaBJIeHbI H3BeCTHHKaMH-
paKyHIeLIHHKaMH, H3BOCTKOBIICTbIMH AeTpHTyCOBbIMH ueCLIaHHKaMH npn6pe7K-
Horo xapanTepa c Didacna surachanica A is d r u s., D. nalivkini W a s s.,
pe7Ke- necnaMH H rjI naMH. OIIH 3aiieraiOT IIa HH}Kxexa3apcnrx (rioprHH-
cHHX) MopCKHx ocaAKax IIa ArimepoHCKOM noJIyOCTpOBeH B AareCTaHe. Hpi
3TOM B nepBOM CJIyaae IIa6nIoAaeTCH OTLIeTJHIIBOe HecoriiacHe, BbIpa7KeHHOe
JIHHHeH pa3MbIBa. Ha HpaCHOBOACKOM HOJIyOCTpOBe BepXHeXa3apCKHe H3BeCT-
HHKH c D. surachanica H Ap. 3aJleraiOT Ha a6paAHpoBaxxoII HoBepxnocTH
HecLIaHHCTbix rJiHH IIH2icHexaUapcKOrO Bo3pacTa. McHee HCeH KOHTaKT 3TIIx
OTJI07KeHII T C IIOACTHJIalOM14MII HopoAaMH Ha no6epe?Kbe ManrMIIHJIana H
H-oBe By3a=IH. B CesepHOM HpHIiacnHH BepXHeXa3apCKHe MopcKHe ocaAKH
3aiieraiOT IIa Ha3CMlIbix OTJI07RCHHHx KOHga nepBOYi IIOJIOBHHM xa3apcROroBeHa.
CyAH no pa3pe3y y BnaAHMHpoBa (imnie EHOTaeBCKa), OHH JIe7KaT Ha IIoBepx-
HOCTH KpacHO-6ypbix acTpaxallciHx CyrJTHHKOB.B Me7KAypeLlbeBonri IIYpanna
Bepxxexa3apcKHI3 paiiyiue*IHHIC 3aJleraeT Ha KOHTHI-IeHTaJIbHbIx HH7KIIexa3ap-
CKHx HopoAax H HeIIOCpeACTBei-II10 HoACTHJiaeT xBaJIbIHCKHe rJTHHHCTMe
ocaAKH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
TaISIIM o6pa3oM, yCJIOBIIfI 3anIeraHmi MopeHllx BepxnexaaapeRHx oTJIo}I#e-
iin i Ha BCeX 6eperax HacniH noI#a3JIBaIOT, 'ITO IIx Hai#onjienne npOHcxo,I JIo
BCJIeg 3a [ opMnpOBanlleM Bepxon uii Hexa3apcl#Hx ocaj(HOB nocJie xpaTno-
BpeMeHHoro nepepbIBa (aCTpaxaHCHIIe CyrJlIIHICII). Heooriiacue, Ha6JilogaeMoe
Me?I#Ay I TMH, ronOpHT O [ a3e perpeccHH MopH Ha rpauuge HH?I#Hexa3apcuo$
II Bepxnexa3apcHoii TpaHerpecc1ii.
BepxlleXa3apcuue Mopcuue OTJIOH#eHIIR MopI OJI7~oru'Iecuw Bbipau eHHMX
Teppac Ha 6eperax HacHHFI He o6pa3yIOT. game Ha HaBRaae oHH nepexpblTbl
XBaJIbIHCHIIMH ocagHaMII. H3BeCTHRHH H paKyme'IHHHH 3TOr0 BpeMeHH IIpOTR-
rHBaIOTCR BjSOJrb 6epera in BIIAe j;OBOJIbHO y3HOIi IIOJIOCbI H JIIIIIIb McCTaMII HO-
HpbIBaIOT HOCHOJIbHO 66Jibnine IIJiou aj u. HMH ciio1I#ena sanaj[naa 'IaCTb
Hpacnono) cxoro noJiyocTpoBa, OCHOBauue Rpacnonoj.[cuo7 ROCMI, uapa6ora3-
cuux nepecbinei3. Ha ManrblmniaHcuoMno6epembeBepxnexa3apcuneu3BecTHR-
KII 3Ha'IIITeJIbHO pa3MbIThI H COXpaHIIJIHCh JIHHIb n puj;e IIyHHTOB. BOJIbmrre
IIJIoaIagii 3aHRTbI HMIs Ha n-oBe Byaa'In u B 3M6eHCKOM paIione. Ha j(arecTaH-
CHOM no6epeaKbe BepxHexa3apcuue II3BeCTHRHII CJiaraiOT AOBOJIhHO IIIIIpOuyIo
IIpH6peu HyIO HII3MOHHyIO IIOJIOCy. CBepxy OHH IIepeupbiThi npOJIIOBHanIbnbIMH
ranIe'IHIIHaMII H XBaJIbIHCHIIMH MOpCHIIMII ocaJ uaMII. HpH 3TOM BeCbMa xapai-
TepHO,'ITO XBaJImIHCHIIe OTJIOSI#eHHR 3IIOXH ManCIIMyMa TpaHCrpeCCIIH JIIIIIIb He-
MHOrIIM j[aabme BTOpraIOTCH B CyIHy, 'IOM BepxHexa3apclcHe OCagRH. 3TO yi#a-
3bIBaeT Ha TO, 'ITO npH6pe?I#HaH HH3MeHHOCTb gareCTaHa 6binra ciopMHponana
eu e n BepxHexa3apcioe BpeMR H paHHexnaJIhIHeRag TpancrpeccrT nepexpbinIa
Bhlpa6oTaHHylo yu e Teppacy, Hpoj[Bu1ynIIIHCI HecnOJILI#o j;aJibHie B npeA0Jmi
Cylun.
Hai{onnenlllo MOpci#IIx nepxnexa3apcHHx OTnomeHHI3, cyj a no xapaKTepy
Hx HOHTaKTa G IIOACTHJIaIOWHMH ocagHaMH, Ha ncex 6eperax Mops npej;mecTBO-
naJIa yC HJIeHHaH a6pa3HR. YCJIOBIIR 3aiieraHHR caMnx OTJIOaHeHIIIi H lix JH3TO-
JiorimeeKHii COCTaB ronopHT o C a3e armyMyJIRgIIH MaTepnanIa B HpH6peMHOIi
30He, nO-BHgnMOMy, 13 Te'Ieflne gOBOJIbHO j(JIHTeJIbHOro oTpe3Ka BpeMeHH.
BepxnexaaapcuHe npli6pe)KHMIe paKyme'IHbie II3BecTHRKU o6pa3yIOT OCHO-
BaHHe no'ITH ncex uepecLineii II HOC BOCTO'IHOro no6epembs HaCIIIIR, H cenepy
OT zIejieHeHa, it npej;CTaBJTHIOT co6oIi jjpeBHge ROCbl II nepecbinH, no3jxHee ne-
peKpbITbie 6OJIee Mo3logbIMH ocagRaMII. .Hoj[o6Horo me xapaiTepa aKKyMyJiR-
THBHbIO 6eperoBble (OpMbI o6pa3yIOT 3Tn H3BeCTHRHH Ha AnmeponcuoM IIoJiy-
ocTpoBe, IIOHpbIBaa BCIO BOCTOIIHyIO ero 'IacTb.
OCHOBbinaRCb Ha pa3pe3ax no cenepaoMy no6epe?Kblo,arecTaHa II OT'IaCTII
HpacHOBOgCHoro IIOJIyocTpOBa, MO?HHO npejuioilaraTb, 'ITO Bepxxexa3apcua1
( a3a MopcHoli aHKyMyJijigHH IIMeJIa HpaTHOSpeMeHHIIii nepepbiB. ?ayHa MOJI-
niocl#on BepxHexa3apCHIIX MopcHHx OTJIO?K0HIi j;OBOJILHO Oj;HOO6pa3Ha Ha
Haaia3cROM II BOCTO'IHOM 6eperax Hacri m II xaparTepu3yeTCR BecLMa IImImHLIM
pa3BITTueM H MaCCHBHOCTLIO OTHOCIITeJIbHO MaJIO'IHCJIeHHLIX BHgOB poj;a
Didacna. OHH npej;CTaBJIeHbi KpyIIHmIMII TOJICTOCTeHHbIMII D. nalivkini
W a s s., D. surachanica A n d r u s. li nepexoj;HiamH Meat y HHMH (OpMaMH,
a Taiime D. vulgaris A n d r us., Dreissensia, Theodoxus. HecHOJILHO cnoe-
o6pa3Ha l ayHa 9THX OTJloaneHHii B CeBeplloM HpiiacnHu, o) Haro II TaM.,
HOCMOTpH Ha pfj{ eme He onncannblx BHgoB, cyuecTBeHHyIO POJIb HrpaIOT
{ OpMbI, O'Ienb 6JIH3HIIe H TIIIIII'IHLIM D. surachanica H D. nalivkini W a s s.,
.a Taume it D. subovalis P r a v.
HecMOTpa Ha TO, 'ITO Bepxxexa3apciHe ocaj{KII (n HameM noHHMaHHH)
o6bl'IHo HMeHyIOTCR OTJIOMOIIHRMi c Didacna surachanica, naj o ciia3aTb,
'ITO 3Ta (opMa McHee pacnpocTpanena H McHee xapaiTepna j[JIH HHX,'ieM MOJI-
JIlocxH H3 rpynnbi D. nalivkini W a s s.
Bepxnexa3apciHe MopcHHe OTJIO?HOHIIR B npej;eiiax HacnHiicioIf Bnaj;HHhI
OTHOCHTeJIbHO ciia6o 9HCJIOIIHpoBaHbi. B 6OJibmeli CTOIIeHH OHII HapymIeui
B reoCHHHJIHHaJILHOII 30He. MOIAHOCTL 9THX ocaj{HOB n3MepROTCR 061il*IHo He-
CHOJibKIIMII McTpaMii. B Tepcxo-HyMcHoii, HypiHCHOi II 3ana) Ho-TypHMeH-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
-CHOII IEII3Me(1IOCTax 0113, ll0-BNuIIiBoMy, Aocrurae"f HOC1CO1bKHx J],eCFITICOB
McTpOB.
B I{ageCTBe ICOIITL[HOHTaM110 J Oa[[ 11 BepxBexa3apciioro rOpil3OHTa IIpYI-
HJITO paccMaTpHBaTb aJIJ11oB14aJIbHO-IlpOHIOBHaJlblible H Ha3eMHLIe (cy6a3paJib-
HbMe) OTHOMICHHII. Ta]:C, pa3B1[Tbie B 11YI)Hi1CM 11oBoambe aJ1JIfoBHaabIIble Hoc0-
CJIOHCTble J10CHH, IIOJIygHJ11I[I[e B HOCJIe)TIOO BpeMH (1953 P.) IIaIIMeI oi3aH11e
((gepHOFIpClltx) , it 13eIigaIoii e 11x ((aTeJIbCIC13el HOCCOBHAHbIC cyrJEHHICH OT-
HOCBTCa o6b1'IHO K BopxaM xa3apcHoro apyca.
OAHaICO Kgeplloapcalle>) HecICH, 1EpOACTaBJ1aIowHe co6oR McCTHylO c ai uio
B AoJI11He peic Boxrii HYpaaia, 6or1eeMOJIOAble, BUM Mopcaue Bepxlexa3apcxle
ocagICII, 11oclcOJ1blly oi111 3aJler aioT 11011 epx mix H coAepn aT IIepeOTJIOBCeHHyIo
c aylly xa3apcHCIIX MoJEJIIOCHOB. 4ep1ioapcaie rIOCKH xapaKTeplI3yIOTCS CBoeR
JIIITOJIOrIlgOCKOH 14 MIEHepaJlorHLieCKOlI I3bIAep?KaHIIOCTbIO. OI-IH HOBTIl He CO-
Aep?ICaT MCCTHOrO IIpOJIEO:1311aJILIIO-AOaIOBHaJIbHOrO MaTepHaJla H COCTOHT 113
gfCTbIX, XOpOIIIO II1OMbITbIX HBap1 oBblx 1IOGROIi C 3epllaMH TeMilou-leTHbIx MH-
HepaJI033. Mumma 1'paltB:ua 3THX ilecHOI3 BeciMa OTBCTJI.RBa H Bblpa?KeJra p03-
HHM pa3MbIBOM IIoj(CTHJIaIOH[I(x cJIOCB. BbHHe EIIOTaeBCKa B0 ll0HpCKlie HeCKH
HO?KaTCa 113 pa3MbITyIo 1toBepXIIOCTb KpaciIo-6ypblx HoMKOBaTbIX ((aCTpaxall-
CK11xU Cyratti COB, a IIH?Ice 110 Te'10111IIO Cpe3aIOT MOpcRHe Bepxxexa3apcnHe ocaA-
HH. 13 13epTHKaJuIIOM pa3po3e Ha6JIIOp.aOTCa IIOCTeIIeHI1:aa cMena BBepX K co-
caoHCTbix I[ecl{OB (pyCHOBaa OauHaaDIT10BHl)IIecJIOIICTLIMHIIecKaMH, Aaxee--
cyIIecBMII it, I1a1colrelk, 01111 1[OpOXOABT li aTeJIbcKIIe yHJIOTHCHHbiO JIOCCOBHAHble
cyramiicu (noiiaeIEHaa (I)alkl[B), ICOTOpble B CBOe3I KpOBJIe HeCyT Hp113HaICH MO-
p0311OP0 BbIBeTpFIBaIIIIn (Mep3JEOTllb(e KJIIIHbli 11 T. A.) H CO CJIeAaMH pa3MbIBa
IIepelcpbumTOTCH MOpCICIIMH lI[?KHexBaJIbIIIcluMH OCaAICaMII. FOpH3011T IIorpe-
6enHoii iioTIBbi, oTmCge1l1Tdii E..13. IIIaIuepoM (1951) B ocioBaHHII aTellbcIHx
cyneceR B cyraiHHKOB iia oTpe nce TIopiibIR Hp - EI-IOTaeBCK, Hamm. He o6iia-
py?Kell.
CornacHO HUAa13Il[[M c:110POB0-11IIJI1IkeBb1M ifecJ1eAoBaimaM 13. 11. 1'p1uyica
(1954), uepIIoapC.icl[e a;nJEloBxaJlbirbie Room coAepxcaT HbIJlbuy Tae?KHoi4 (eilb,
HHxTa) H CTeHHOH paGTJ4'CeJIbh10CT11. B 111I3ax aTeJEbcKIIx CyIHH[HHOB (((axTy-
6I1HCHHii rop113OIIT> 13. H.. FpwiyJca) o6Hapy?KeHa IIbIJ.Ibua CTeIIHOR (1JEOpLI
c o6HJineM raJEoOHTOB. 1:1OHpOTIIB, BOpxL aTeJlbcHHX CJIOeB H HH3LI HIIHCHe-
xBaJIbI:GIC1CHx MopcJoix ocaAKOB xapaiCTepl[3ylOTCS IIbIJIbI1OIT JICCHOR TaelRHOR
paCTITOJILHOCT11 (((M.opAoBCJUIi%i ropu30i1T)) 13. IT. 1p:ligyxa). IIpiBeAeHHble
AaH1Ibie .13. It.. 1'plLByLa o11gaCTH HoATBepxcAaiOT c.ao?KiBIHeeca B J lTepaType
IIpeACTai1ne1Il[e o xoJloAlioM Ic.7[IlMaTe aTeJIb cnOro Beia, B OTJIO?ICeI-I1IBx ICOTOpOro
AaB110 14311ecrn i icoCTI[ble ocia'ric11 xoy[OJ[oJI106II B0R. (J)ayilbI (MaMOIIT l1 AP.).
OAiiaro EI cart/ =101)1roapcicme IIeCHH ii 110JcTIIJ (IIOI1[lie lIx ocaAKH ( B. I.1. Fp119ylca), 113 ICOTOpMx 113BOCTHbI iiaxo is m KOCTeR oT-
HOCIITOJibHO TOlT.IoJ[Io6vn30II, 3 -17(11) M.
raetri
onoides
a c D
T
) M.
P a 11., BacomoII -17(
aca c D. praetrigonoides
Te
P
N a 1., c6paayiomae meppacy
N a 1., D. subcatillus A n d r u s.,
N a 1., BacoTotl-16(12),-10(18)
Y rro,no sag soaBLIniel~ocTe
3
eppacy BacOTO
T
oGpaayioiuHe
M M
2
26
e ac
. A
g
as sacomax -11(17) B
N a 1
PP
N a 1. as B>~comax -11(17)
1 me aca
Bacomon qo -'1(26) M
BBrcoxan noHnla x
pa3BnTae ~o HblcoTa (6epero- I
a 2(26) M.
Teppaca c D. praetrigonoides
N
!
-
. ?
-
(
)
onionnH
A
H
. .
2(26) Bacoxan nlecmaMB
a -2(26 M)
PP
I (,apnnncxan) Teppaca
Ban nnaun) -2(26) M
Hecxa n pax3ie nsBecTnwuH
a
., niico?off -16(92), -
-
0
1
a Bp
TAH)BB
Hpacuonopcxoro nonyocmpona c
(
8), 2(26) M
Bonoanm T a o 9O 37 M
n
P A A
D. praetrigonoides N a l., paa-
BHThIe Ao BaCOTH -2(26) as
HOHTnHeHTanbnhie
Hp0noEBanbxae II annl0BB-
HaaeMnae o6 a3onasHn
P
Ha3eMHBIe oGpaaoBaann
YCTyf II Teppaca
Haxa aeMn3eMHSIe cencxirernecB B anon) cymnIIH-
YCTyH II Teppaca
cyneca n
lIponloHaanbHae
cyrnxal;a
AnniosaanbaO-npo;LloBnanB-
HA aaBoa bnax
Hponronaanbaae Hann en
c~ion
anbnae oTnoxceann
HxxSaexaanaxcaae
Teppaca c Didacna gr.
cTa a
Teppacosae nmi
Teppacu c D. p arallella
Fm nii caeTno6ypae H mo-
rotracta
aac c Didaerla
xona
11 Teppaca, CBAsanHan
c ypoBHeM 20 -22
FnBHncTo-necganae oTnoxce-'
HaA C Didacna protracta
A6paanoauae Teppaca C D.
orastata' B o g., (D. praetrigono
Fanegnnxosae Teppaca a
6eperoBae Bana c D. cristata.
XBa,mIH-
ropBaoHT
raetri onoides N a 1. a npecao-
p g P
a Ha
ocmaaga, Pa3Bambr as gByx
HHA%: 20(48) n
OC
Bo gg. . na as Bacomax 20(48) n
M.
78)
47
45
-
p
g
E i c h w., a3BnThIC p0 BacOTbI
P
48 - 50) n
(
)
E i c h w. D. ebersini F e d. D.
~
ides var, cristata B o g.) D.
B o g. D. zhukovi F e d, a3
e
cxaii
BaBbA$Ocome n go 455- 4-50 (73-78) paM.Ha
45-50 -50 (7(73y-778) M
8
enepiloM pnoM
p6a5gxcaae
Ase
B
C
:IaHnn 20 - 22
,
(6eperonan
r
48
5D
ycmyn
III Teppaca
all. parallella B O g., pa3Bn-
p BacOTbI (6eperoaaH nn-
mae o
zhukovi F e d., pa3Bnmie Ha
aacomax: 15(43), 21(49)- 34-37
BHm I
y nOJ(Ho7xnra BOaBameH-
aocmeu na Bacomax: 14(42)
nporno
a
Ban
A
TeppacanpanounATato
H
9
II (Ae
aca cxaA)
ac
e
i
.
(
FriHIT
Hn), iie necxn c D. eber-
cBaaarIHaa
III Teppaca
Hnx) 45-50 (73-78) M
(62-65), 43-47 (71 75) M
21(49), 34(62), 46(74) M,
mnue
OTnosceHII
A
BBanbAa ax
62(
0)
62(9D)
M
pp
T
pp
sini Fed ,paanaTae Ao BacoTa
,
_
c ypoBaeM 45 - 50
Y nogHOxtbA cenepaoro gaE-
Hecxa c D. cristata n D. eber-
(6eperoaaA nnrna) 45 - 50
(73 - 78) M
Ha YCTIopTa Teppaebi na BbICO-
sini F e d. B Hpnxacrin 3cxo7
(73 - 78) M
Tax 20(48) II 45 - 50 (73-78) M
naaMeHHoeTH n 3anaga ix Kapa-
ayxax.
1{oHTaaeHTaTbaae
II OnionnaJm ae n J(enIOan-
p
Ha3eMnae 06paaonannn
llpon1OBHanhHae n II,e iioBn-
ATe meKBe neuCOBaHae cy-
rnaaxn c Elephas primigenius
OaoHganne cJ)opnapona-
aBA ycmyua IV Teppaca
HpontoHHarlbHae nanoimenmi
llpoJIIOBaanbnae naxonneHna.
Onon3aeBbre o pasoHaHBA
HponloBna mnble ranegHnitn
H cyrnB~xn
cnon
anbuae cymnaHxn (nocTasaaos-
anhHae ranegHaxn B cyneca
B nL iLIL I Taeaxxoia t nophl.
cxaA cBBTa)
AHnx)HHanbnae< epnonpcxne)>
Annlonnis HIISMCBHOCTB
necxn B p0nnBax Bonrn H
YpaAa.
BepxnexaaapcxIIu
FanegaBxH Bnaaonexoii cHBTbI?
_
aaxl
a
e
HpII
Hpn Hae aiHeCTBBHH- a
p
D
FnfHH(T0-necgaHbie oca~HH c
Didacna ex gr nalivkini W a 55.
Hepeyrny6neHUe AOna-
IIbI BOnra
Hecxn n paxymegHHI II C
Didacna SC4raeh?adea A n d r a S.
I43HecTnanH-paxymeYnnxn c
D. 81GY?Cl2anLCa Andrus., D. no-
3ononae necganae BanoI1ie-
HaA Kapa-xyMOB, neCgaHOrO
rOpa30HT
su
Hnn
nica ca
x}'IDegBIIISH C C D. . Sul'ach.
nalivkini W a s s
D
A n d r u s
n H
.
xymegAIIISa II ranegnHHn C
surachanica Andrus., D.
,
D. sulrovalis P r a v., D. ex gr.
OropMapOBaane ycmyna
liv iai W a s s., paanaTae Taxaxe
Maccana Mama ,q
.,
.
.
nalivkini W a s s., paanaTae qo
surachanica A n d r u s.
IV Teppaca
a npB6peaxa0 u nonoce Mopci oro
BacoThI 42 - 50 (70 - 78) M
YCTya III Teppaca
Hnaxaero IIOHOnaxbn B Meal y-
Raa
pe'ibn BcnrH II Ypana.
Hpacno-6ypae aaaeranae c(acTpa-
xaHcxHel cyrnnuxa
HrHtaexa3apcxau
110pcxae (rloprnacxae) oTno-
MenxoaepHHCTae oTnoaxeanA
Teppaca c D. subpy ramidata
id
III (rnnbnpcxaA) TePPa-
T M
cxoil
llecgan0-rnnHHcTae oTnoaae-~
Hnn (cHnrHnbcane cnon) c spec-
Panegnnxn, necxn n rnnanc-
Tae necxn c D. ex gr. nalivki-
I4anecTnaxn, necxn, xonrno-
nrepama c D, nalivkini W a s s.,
Hecnn c rnHBAHOa ranbxoa
n HOCTHMH Elephas wusti P av 1.
ropasoHT
axOHHH HHaMeanoeTH. Bepxae
(nOPrnacxne) c D. kovalevskii
es
P r a v., D. paleotrigono
Ca, COOTBeTCTBye
op
l
P
d
u
il
ramidata
subp
D
ni Wass
subpyraridata P r a v
D
-mTanbcxae anmoHaaruno-l~po-
D. nalivkini Wass.,
Bog.
Fed. , D. pallasi P r a v., D.
85(113) M
ana,
a
u
~ayso
(
aonolaHO
y
.
.,
P
.
T
c
H
-
B
a
y
ne-
ansHae ranegaaxB a c
B
,
ex gr. trigonoides P a 1 1.
nalivkini W a s s. n ranbxo~
IV (xo6cyynexan Te a-
PP
Unio, Spraerium.) n pacTHTenb
r a v.
P r a v., D. pallasi
gaC
B
pa
aoBoA
zoxsao
HecgaHO rnHHHcTaA aHnro-
y
cII
O
r
Bg
II n
e
ro
,
Pa 3HBTae B MynbAax nocmogaoro
nopoFnebaoro Hasxaacxoro
?
ca, cooTBemcTny eL nrop xoa
Hama occaTxaMn. B ocnoaanna
cxoro nonyocTPosa annlonaanh-
Bna1LHaA (xaPaxyMcxan) Tonwa
p
tt
p
Teppaca C Didacna paleotri-
Anmepona
xpe6Ta, na abICOTax: 85(113)x,
125(153) M
ax niopcune necxn c D. palla-
subpyramidata
Si P ra v
D
Bo-~emToBaa necgano-rnaan-
cmaA (aapaxyalcxaA) Lonzzta
c Unuo n pacTBTenbuaMn ocma
TxaMB
ka ap-
a
gonoides Fe d. D. subPyrami-
i
li
ki
D
TePPaca 3aua woro Anmepo-
o Z Hasxa3c-
as c ranbxoii no
125(153) M 170(198) M, McCTaMH
npanogHnma as 15 - 25 M
.,
.
P r a v. (Haaa$ee IloBOnaxhe).
IV Teppaca
B ocnonanBH necxn c D. pal-
Cxn4
n
v
. na
data P r a v.,
charamica F e d.
D
w a s s
p
xoro xpe6Ta H iayaog D. naliv-
HeCgaHO-rMBBncT IC oTnOaxe-
lasi P r a v., D. kovalevskii B o(g.,
,
.
.,
pa3BHTae B nonoce npe~ropnIl
kani, D. kovalevskii, paaanmae
nBA c D. subpyramidata, D.
D. nalivkini W a s s.
pallasi
D. subpyramidata Pr av.
na Bacomax: 85(113), 125(153),
as Bacomax: 125(153),160(188)M,
,
(Tepcno-ByMcxanHH3IeeHHOCTb)
170(198) M
180-200 (208-228);pexSe Ao
HecgaBO ranegHHxoBBIe oTnO-
30
axenBA IV n [II Teppac Tepexa
YpyHAxrnxcxnQ
da na eula-
c Di c
OTiosenun
OT I0d ennn c D. eulachia
OTnoaxeHHn C D. eulachia
h
ll
i
Bepxn neccoaa~aax cyrnnH-
aoro nouHO;xbA Tep-
xoH cene
Hecxn a ranegnHxn c D. ex
gr. eulachia Bog. (Fed.)
necxn c panymeii, nolcTBna-
ramno.
eM
ropn3oaL
B o g. (
s
chic B o Fed.) s sana,wo>k
(
B o g- (Fe D. delenda
ar
ca
o
Bog. (Fed.), D. sc
p
cxoro xpe6Ta
D. eulachia B o .
~
ay g
II Hapaxa-
xeaaocTa
Tlacmn mrB
B o g. , D. Postcara itoides N a 1.
D a s c h.
(Fed.), D. pravoslavlevi F e d.,
ie
(F
pbnacxoM yBane.
Ycmyu V Teppaca
karelini F e d.,,
ex gr. D. D.
Teppaca C D. eulachia B o g;
nalivkini Wass.
(Fed.) H D p ravoslavleva
F e d.; B npei ropLAx BUCOT0 3
220 (248) M
-
HaaeMgae oTnoaxen A .
a
Bepxaeaaacxa3
udis
Teppaca c Didacna r
H3HecTnnxn- ax ymegBHK1 c
., )
Teppaca c D. rudis N a 1.,
FnanHCTO-necgaaae oTnoaxe-
saA c Didacna rudis N al
D
HecHn a ranegnnKH c D. ru_
dis N a 1., D. rudis var. caul
I43Bo
ecTnnKH II xournoMepaLu
c D. rudis N a I.
HeCnB c paxymeH D. rudis
N al., D. cardctoades An r u s.
ropnaoHT
A
An d r us.,
D.c
N a
D. rudis N a 1. ll. rudis var.
1
i
N
D. Fuchs var. catillus-rudis
paaHaman B Aarecmane
N a L
V (nepaxemcxax)
. ,
.
rudis var. cattllus-rudis N a 1.
lusa?udis N al
T
sac0mo 250
M
g 250 B ripe)-
(278)
var
a
.
a
,
as BacoTe 220 (248) M
Teppaca
Bepxl ie000BHgHax cyraurn-
ropbnx.
HnncHeymTam cane xoHTmlea-
x0B cenepaoro nopHOxtbn Tep-
cxoro xpe6Ta
Tamaue anon
Baxna
FnHxncTae oTno}xeHHn c D.
FnnHnCTae necxn a D. par-
FJIIIHBCTae OTnoxSCHnn C D.
Fnnaa n rdInnHCmIe neCxa C
CxaH
HHaxae6axcaaii
c n C
Menao3epaacae o a~
FnnHHCT Ie OTnOaxCHHA C
D. ex gr. catil-
parvula N a 1.
vula N a 1.
parvula N a 1. (Haparae); necga-
D. parvula N a 1, D. ex gr.
ropnaoxT
Didacna parvula N a l., D.
idacna arvula N a 1. D. ca-
ti p
,
lus E i c h w.
HHna H nBBOCTHnRB c D. parvula
catillus E i c h w.
catillus E i c h
tillus E i c h w.
Hnaii neCCOBIUHax cyrmH_
(HpacHoaogcxn4 n0nyOCTpOB);
cxae xoaTaaea
anbc
saeym
Hax
xoB cenepxoro nopHOxibn Tep-
xoHTnacamanbable cyramHxII
o
TarB~Hae cnon
cxoro xpe6Ta
(Cenepo-3anauHI Manramnax)
e
nhie
n
ecu0BO
H
TiopaxacxIIB
HpecaonoAHae II aa3eMHae
HpecaonotSaae a aa3eMnae
BPea B x ca cx Io
y P 7
Haaennae H nPecBonoAnae
p
A
aseMaae H
OTn0xtaHHB
CBHTy
OTJoH eann
r0pII3 OlT
oTBon ennn
oTnoaxennA
Anme-
BepxaeanmepoacHB>
ropasonT
p015-
Ha)
OEHOM HOCHHB
- omleTx
6
l
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yp
y
i
ax
*llopceMecTHO nPnaepeHa orMeTan ttpesnnx 6eperonax .nnrrnir Teppac, rj e nepBaa rl4pa o3BagaeT a6c0n10TBy1O gbtcOTy, a rla~pa B cao
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 : CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HaMH 3a3IeraloT rIpOJHOBHaJibIlbre HaHonJIeHH}3, KOTOp}IM HpeAHIecTBOBaJi
AOBOHbHO rJIy6oKHIl apO3HOIIIIbIIl I3pO3 ((DeAOpoB, 19481). Ha3eMHble o6pa3o-
BaHHa, pa3AeJIAIOII[He XBaJIblIICKyiO TOJIIIjy, panee OTMega.I M. M. HKYHOB
(1945) B II1430BbHX p. Ypaa. B nocJIeAHee BpeMFI KOIITHHOHTaJIbnble oTJIome-
HHa, 3aJleraiOU[He MeacAy IIn1KIIe- II BepXIIeXBammbIHCKHMH MOpCKHM1 ocaA-
KaMH (eHOTaeBCl{He CJIOH), XOpoIHO H3ytICllbl K 3auajy OT HHHKHeH Bo.rrH
(10. 3. Bpoiwai H M. 13. HapaHAeeBa).
TaRHM o6pa3oM, na Bcex 6eperaX Ifacnna HMeroTcn Tenepb Aona3aTeJIbcTBa
perpeccHH Mop$ B rlpOMO HYTKe McHKAy d OpMHpOBaHHeM HH;KHe- H Bepxnexlla-
JIbIIICI{HX ocaAICon. EOIITHHeIITaJIbIIble OTJIO}KeIIHn DHOXH 3To i perpeccHH He-
CYT Ha ce6e c ieAri npoJIIOBHaJIb11bIX HpOgeCCOB, HpOAHICCTBOBaBI IHX fO3AHe-
XBaJIbIHCKOH TpaHCrpece H C13n3aHIIbIX c 6oJree BJIaHKHbIM H, Ho-BHAHMOMy,
npOXJIa)HbIM I{JIHMaTOM. 3TH KOHTHHeHTaJiblIble HanoHJIeHHH, allaJIOrwnIO
Ha3eMHbIM ocaAcaM, IIeHOCpeACTBOHHO 3aneraIownM HOA HHHKHeXBaJIbIHCKHMH
MOpCCHMH OTJIOHCerIHHMH, MbI 6yAeM OTHOCHTb ynce K BepXHeXBaJrbIHCKOMY ro-
p1,130HTy.
B epXii exBaJIbIIICI{He (HJIHHO3AHeXBaJIbIHCKHe) MOpCKHe
O T JI 0 aK e H H a C(JOpMHpoBaJIHCb BO BTOpOII HOJIOBHHO XBaJIbIHC {Oro Ber{a,
oTAeJlenxor3 OT nepBoii ()a3oI3 perpeccHH Mopli. BepxnexBaJibrncrHe oTJIO}ICe-
HHH pa3BHTbI Ha Bcex 6eperax Mopfi. Teppacbl aTOro BpeMeHH 3aHHMar0T 6oilee
HH3KOe rHncoMeTpHLlecroe noJIOHKeHHe, LIeM HHHKHexBaJlbIHcHHe. B npeAeulax
CeBepuoro HpHKacnlH H HpHHacnHI3cHOn Hn3MeuHoeTn 3anaAHOI3 TyprMenHH
BepxnexBaJImIHCKHe ocaAKH, npeAcTaBJIeHHbie rJlaBHbIM o6pa3oM necHaMH, o6pa-
3YIOT HOKPOB, no njion[aAH 3HagHTeJIbHO McHbmmHII, qeM lJIOmaAb, 3aHHTa$I
HHHKHeXBaalblHCr{HMH OTJIOHKeHHHMH. Ha 6eperax MaHrblmuaca H HaBKa3a
BepxnexnaJlbIHCHHe ocaAKH o6pa3yloT Teppacbl. B Tepcro-HyMCKOYI H Hy-
pHHCKOII H143MeIIHOCT$X OTJIOHKeHHa BepXHeXBaJIbIHCHorO Bo3paCTa BbIpaHKeHbi
HpeHMYn[eCTBeHHO B HpeCHoHomioH 4 alinii.
B CeBepHOM HpHKaGHHH BepXHeXBaJIbIHCKHe nec'laHble OTJIOHKCHHf 3aHH-
MaIOT Ha116Oaee HOHHHIfeHIIyIO 'iaCTb HpHKaClHHCKOl3 II113MCHHOCTH, pacnouo-
HceHHylo HHHCe HyJIeBOH rOpH30HTa3In, K KOTOpOII npnypouena AOBOJIbHO OT-
'IeTJIHBaII 6eperoBan JInHHR - rpanrua Hai6oJrbmero pacnpocTpaneHHa
BepXHeXBaJIbIHCI{OrO MopH. OHa xopoBio BbipaHKexa Y HoAHOH+CbH ceBepnoro
LIHHKa YCTIOp'T, B YpauIO-D-m6eHCKOM parloHe, n MemAypeTlbe Bourn H Ypanla
H B HHHKHeM HOBOJlncbe. 13epxnexBa1lbIHciHe Mopcume ocaAKH 3aileraioT
3Aecb Ha Ha3eMHbIX o6pa3oBaHHHx (eHOTaeBCKne CuOH), npeACTaBJIHIOmIIX CO-
6ol I{OHTHIIeIITaiiLH fo (J)aI1410 HH30I3 BepXHeXBaJirillcI{oro rOpn301ITa.
(Dayna MOJTJIIOCI{OB IIpeACTaBJIe13a 3AeCb )JOBOubHO peAKHMH Didacna
praetrigonoides N a 1., D. all. praetrigonoides, peace -D. subcatillus A n-
d r u s., Monodacna, Adacna, Dreissensia. BepxnexBaulblldKne necHIanbie
ocaAKn CenepHoro rlpHCacnHa B 3IIaLIHTOJIbHOA CTCneHH nepepa60TaHbi 3oHO-
BbIMH npor[eccaMH. OII1 YuaCTBYIOT 13 CTPOCHHH BeCbMa XapaKTepHbIX 6yr-
pon-rpaA (6aponcKHx 6yrpoB).
Tame ace yeno wi 3aaleraIIITH BepXHexBarnblIICKHX OTJIOMOHHII Ha6JIIOAa-
IOTCH H B 3ariailnoIi Typl{MeHHH. Hec laHble oca,r{H DTOrO Bo3paCTa HOKpbIBaIOT
HH3MeHHble LIacTH HpacrlonoAccoro HoJIyOCTpoBa H HpncaCnHHCKoA H143MeH-
HOCTH 10rO-3anagHo i TypKMeHHH, He paCIlpOCTparllnCb BbIIIIe" HyJICBOH FO-
pH30HTaJIH. OHM 3aneraloT un6o Ha na3eMHbIX ocaAKax, OTHOCHH[HXCI IT HH3aM
BepXHexnaJIbIHC.cOTO rop143OIITa, JI146o na 6OJIeeApenHHX oTJIOaKeHHrX. BepXHe-
XBaJIbIIICKIIe neciui uepepa60TaHbl 3AeCb 30JIOBbIM14 npor eccaMH H o6pa3ylOT
rpaWbl H 6apxaiibI. Y IIOAHOHKbH BoJlbuloro Baurxaua H o6pblBa HiopnHbIH-
Hlope BepxHexBa3IbIncC to ocaAKi o6pa3yIOT AOBOJIbno HIHpoI{ylo TeppacIlpo-
BaHHyIO HOBepXHOCTb, rIecyiHylo Ha ce6e CJIOAbI oTCTynaHH5 Mopl. BepXHH9
npeAeu pacnpocTpaIIeHHf a'CIIX ocaJi{oB HPHYPOLIeH IT BecbMa LIeTHOII 6epero-
BOI3 JIHII111, pacnouoHKeIIIIoii IIa BbiCOTe -2 (26) M. B page MOOT COXpaHHJIHCb
n 6oJlee }IH3l{He Teppacbl, Ha BbICOTax - 10 (18) H - 16 (12) M. cDayna
16 Tpyabl FHH, B. 10 241
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 MOJIJIIOCROB BepXHexBarnilHcHHX OTJIO?RCHHi3 3aHaAHoi3 Typ1MeIIRH npeAcTaB-
JIeHa ICpynnbiMH Didacna praetrigonoides N a 1. H 6JIHaU1Mn H Heii ( opMa-
MH, a TaH)H Monodacna, Adacna, Dreissensia, Theodoxus.
Y II0AHOHCba Bojlbiuoro BaJixaHa H HIOp)IHbIH-Rlope coxpaHlIJlacb McCTaMII
6oJlee HH3Ha1 Teppaca, BbICOTOII OT -19-go -20 (8-9) M, co,Aepm aH(aH Hpec-
HOBOAHyIO ())ayHy MOJIJIIOCHOB.
Ha no6epe?Hbe MaHrbHHJia1a BepxHeXBaJlbiHCHne ocaARn CJopMHpyIOT Tep-
pacbi Ha BbICOTax-2 (26) M,-10 (18) M H -16 (12) M, BepxHHH II3HOTOpbIX 06bILI-
Ho a6pa3IoHHaa. OTJIO?ReHHH 3TH 3aXOAHT Bo BHaAHHy Haparlle, o6pa3yi TaM
TeppacbI, 3a HCHJIIolIeHHeM canto i HII3ROII. Pbixrlble AeTpHTyCOBbIo H OOJIHTOBhIe
II3BeCTHHHn, C[)OpMHpOBaHHble IIpH ypOBHe canton HII3HOH 143 Teppac, -
16 (12) M, 06pa3ylOT gpeBHHe a HHYMYJIHTHBHble (pOpMbI B BRge HOC, IIepecbirlell
R 6apoi, HaJIOHCeHHbIX Ha allaJI0FII HbIO 06pa3OBalIHH xa3apcKoro BpeMenll.
(Dayna MOJIJIIOCHOB npeACTaBJIexa HpynnbiMll H MaCCHBHbIMH D. praetri-
gonoides N a 1. H 6JIH3]HMH H HHM (JopMaMH, a TaicHfe D. subcatillus A n d-
r u s., Dreissensia, Theodoxus H gp.
B oTJIo?HeH1Hx HexoTOpbIX nepecbineii MaHrbIHIJiaHcuoro no6epe3lfbH,
B03BbIwaiouLaxcf Ha 8-9 M Hag ypOBHeM Hacnnm, HOMO D. praetrigonoides,
BcTpeqaioTcH TaHme D. crassa E i c h w. H D. baeri G r i m m, CBOJIcTBeHHble
6o iee MOJIOgbiM OTJIO?HeHHHM.
Ha RaBRa3CHOM no6epembe BepxnexBaJIiIHCICIIe ocaAHH o6pa3ylOT AOBOJIb-
Ho fHpoRyio npH6pexcnyio nOJIOCy. BepxHHI3 npeAeJi HX pacnpoCTpaaeHHH
orpaHH*IeH LleTuoIi 6eperoBok JIHHHeiI, padHOJIO?KeHHOI;I Ha BOOM IIo6epe?ICbe
Ha BLICOTe -2 (26) M. JIHHIb B OTAeJIbnbIX ygacTxax AIImeponcHOro noJlyoCTpOBa
oHa IIPI4HOAHHTa Ha 10-12 M BbIHIe 3TOrO ypoBHH. Bonee HH3ICnc ypOBHH
BepXHOXBaJIbIHCHHX Teppac pacnoJIOHCenbl Ha BbICOTax OT -10 go -11(17-18) M
R OT -16 go -17 (11-12) M. Ha TaHHX ?Ice ypOBHHX BepXHexBa3IbiHcHHe OT-
JIOHCeHHH pa3BHTI,I B IOHCHOM A3ep6aiigmaae, Y 1OAHOxcbH Tajmbimma.
(DayHa AByx BepxHHX Teppac npegcTaBJlena D. praetrigonoides N a 1.,
Dreissensia, Theodoxus. B OTJIOHCeHHHx caMoi3 HH3HOi! TeppacbI HpoMe nepe-
tIHCJleHHMX 4 OpM BCTpeualOTc1 D. trigonoides P a l 1., D. crassa E i c h w .,
D. baeri G rim m - (opMbl, cBOIiCTBeHHbie HOBORaCnHIICRRM oTJio?ICeHHHM.
CJlegonaTeJlmHO, HOBOICacHHIICRHII ROMIIJIORC B OCHOBHbIX iiepTax (Ho 6e3
Cardium edule L.) 6bIJI C4JOpMHPOBaH Yxce B HoHI;e nO3AHexBaJlbincHOrO Bpe-
McHH. TaHHM o6pa3OM, AJIH BO X11 XBa3IbIHCRHx OTJIO?HeHHII xapaHTepeH
6o iee Ot(H0o6pa3HbIII, H eg141IM 3 AJIH BCero Hacn1H, COCTaB (f ayHbI MoJIJiIO-
CHOB, *IOM AJIH Hn?xnexBaJlbIHcHI3x.
,L POBHHe 6eperOBMe JIHHHH BepXHOXBaJIbIHCRHX Teppac Ha ncex 6eperax
HacnHn paclioJlo}ICenbl Ha oglinx ypoBHHx, -2 (26), -10 (18) R -18 (10) M.
Moi iocTb BepXHeXBaJIMIHCHHX OTJIOHCeHRii R3MepHeTCH 06b1LIHO HecRO3Ib-
RHMII MOTpaMH H peARO npeBbimaeT 10-20 M.
BepXHeXBaJIbIHCRHe uectaHble R necgaHO-rJlnnllCTbie OTJIO?ReHHH B pHAe
o6JlacTerr IIpRHacnnH Ilepepa6oTaHbl 3oJIOBLIMH npoiAeccaMH. Oco6eHHO Ha-
rJIHAHO 3T0 na6JnogaeTCH B 3anaAHOII TypHMeHHH H Ha CeBOpHOM 6epery
HacnnH (3anagHee geJlbTbl BonIrH), rge MHorne nec'iaHbie rpJAiI H aliaJIorHU-
Hbie HM (JOpMbI (63poBCRHe 6yrpbi-rpHAbl) pacn03lomeHM Hi4me CoBpeMeHHOro
yPOBHH MOpH. LJIH 3TRX yLIaCTHOB n06epeHCb1 BeCbMa XapaRTepeH CRJIbHO R3pe-
3alIHbIH HOHTyp 6epera (apaJIbCHHH THn 6yXTOBbIX 6eperOB JI. C. Bepra), HO-
TOp1613 CBHgeTeJIbCTByeT 0 3aTO1JIOHHH MOPOM 30JIOBOFO peJIbe(pa. Bce 3T0 yRa-
3biBaeT Ha 3HagnTeJIbHoe pa3BHTne 3OJIOBLIX HPOI CCCOB B HOHIje 11o3AHeXBa-
JIbIHCHOrO BeHa R B noCJIeXBaJIbIHCHOe BpeMH, B YCJIOBIIHX AOBOJIbHO HH3K-Oro
CTOJIHHH ypOBHH MOpH. CJieAbi DTOFO ypOBHH o6HapyHCeHbl n HaCTOHII ee BpeMH
Ha gHe HacnHH.
M. M. cyROB (1945), OcHOBbinaHcb Ha xapaRTepaoM AJIH CeBepnoro
HaCIIus AOJIRHOO6pa3HOM IIOHH?HOHRR - TaH Ha3bIBaeMOHi ((ypaJIbCROII 60p03-
gRHe)>, IIp uneJI H BbIBOgy 0 HR3HOM CTOHHHH ypOBHH Hacirfi B nocJIeXBaJIbIH-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
cuoe BpeMa, Ha a6coJIIOTHOii oTMeTKe ouoJlo-50 M, HJri uo 22r M HH?ue coapeMeH-
IIOro ypoBHc (( ). Ho3J~Hee B. H. 3eHISOBH-IOM (1940)
COBMeCTHO C IIaMH Ha MamiruniiaKe (3aMIHB AueKCaHJ>;p-Bail) HogoiIa3HbIMI3
HCCJIeJ oaaHHHMH 6bIJIH yCTaIIOBJIe11bI 3aTouneHI-Ibie 6eperoBbie JIHHHH B BHJI;e
a6pa3HBr]LIX HH111 na rny6Hriax 12-13, 8 H 4 M. HaH6OJibInHr3 BHJIaA B 143y-
LIeHHe 3aTOHJlenxbix 6eperOBbMX 11HII11 1 Hacnua 3a nocneJ>;rIee BpeMa CJ>;eJIau
0. H. JIcOIITbeabIM (1948), KOTOpLIii B pe3yJlbTaTe AeTaJIbHbIX HOJZBOJ(HbIX reo-
JIOrHLIecurlX pa6oT o61Iapyniwi B HpHOpe7hH0L1 LIaCTH MOpCHorO J>;Ha B are
CTaHe CJIOJ];bI 6eperoBblx JIHIIHH Ha rJIy6HHax: 21-22, 12-13, 8 H 3-4m.
B HpaCHOBOJI,CUOM 3a.IHBe I1aMH ((I)CAOp0I3, 19521) IIa6JIroJ>;aJraCb 3aTonJleHilan
J[OJIHIla AuTaMa (Y360a) H ee A0JIbTOBIv HO OuoHLIaHHe Ha rJIy6HHax OKOJIO
3 M. B. F. Pi'rXTep (1954) oTMeilaeT Ila BOCTO?IHOM 6epery Hacnna 3aTOnalennble
6eperoBble aHHHH Ha rJIy6Hnax: 4, 12, 20-22, 30 H 40 M.
TanHM o6pa3OM, B IraCTOawee BpeMa Mo1KHO J>;OBOJIbHO yBepenno rOBOPHTb
o HecuOJIbuHX 3aTOnnoinibIx 6eperoimix JraHHax, Ha6aioJ];alowHxCa Ha gHO
Hacnwi. OnpeAOJIHTb B03paCT aTHx 6eperoBblx JIHIIHI3 Mo7r#no B HaCTOa-
wee BpeMa TOJIbKO KOCBOHIIO, KaI# noCJIexaaJIbIHCKHfi H HOBOKac1HHCKHH 1.
Ham KaSneTCg, T1T0 BTO oIlpeAeJrerIHe 6JIH3u0 K HCTHHe nOTOMy, LITO HMeHHO
HOCJIe OTMeLIeIBOro IIII3KOrO CTOHHHFI ypOBHH MOpa B HacuHH LIpe3Bbi-
LIaaHo mnpoao pacceJIHJIncb MOJIJIIOCKH IJidacna crassa E i c h w., D. baeri
G r i m m, H0TOpbIC B Te=reHHO acero xaaJIbIHcnOro BpeMeHH r0LITH OT-
CyTCTBOBaJIH B IIpn6pe?l1oi'I 30110 H IIOHBHJIHCb TOJrhKO B caMOM uoin e HO3J[He-
XBaJIbIHCKOrO BpeMOHH (TeppaCa BbICOTOH 11-12 M Ha)I YPOBHeM HacrHa).
Hanoneu, C MOMOIITOM 3TOi1 perpeCCHH CBa3aHa, HO-a14 FIMOMy, aKIfJIHMaTH-
3aAHH H paccea1e1111e B HaCHI111 LIepIloMopcuoro MOJInIocEa Cardium edule
L., Tau Kau nocJlegyiowaa upanerpeccHn y5ue npHHecaa ero Ha 6epera Mopa.
CaegoBaTOJIbIIO, I(OCJIO (f OpMHp0BaHHa BepXHeXBarIbIHCKHX MOpCKHX OTJIO-
51#eHHH npoHcxoA IJIO rraKonnnoHHe ripeHMyweCTBeHHO BOJIOBbIX OcaJ>;aOB,.
B YCJIOBHHX J[OBOJILIIO HH3KOI'O ypOBHl IcaCIIHa. rlaCTb BTIIX oTJIO?ueHHH OT-
HOCHTCa ewe K KOlwy XI3aBLIIICKOrO Beua, a 6OJIee MOJIOJ);bie 113 HHX (JOpMHpo-
BaJIHCb yx#e B IIoaouacniu caoo BpeMa.
r) HoBoimcnhIi cE nI npyc
OTJIomeHHa, OT11OCHMLIO H HououacnnIIcuoMy apycy, c reoaoraLIecno
ToLIKH 3peHH9 TOJIbi#o ewe Ilatia111I (opMHpoaaTbca H IIOBTOMy BbIJ);eaIeHHe HX
B (apyC>> nBJIioTCn B 3uaIIHTeJIbIIOI3 CTenenl yCJIoaHbTM. HoBouacHHIiCUHe OT-
JI0Bce1rHa, npeJ>,c1'aBaeFIIIble ripeHlllyweCTBeHHO Hpn6pemi-IbIMFI HauOHJ1eHHHMn,
pa3BHTbI Ha BCOX 6eperax HaCHrra m 3aHHMaIoT AOBOJIbHO y3uyl0 HpH6pe5HHyJo
nonocy. OHH co ep it aT BeCb1VIa xapaaTepnbrii Mont ocn Cardium edule L.,
HejaBHIiII IZMMHrpa1IT H3 IIepHoro Mopa. AJra 3THX OTJIO?ueHHHI ewe H. 14. AH-
J(pycoB (1923) rrpej[no?uHJI BalTMeHoI3aHHe >. Ognaao HoCJIe-
Jjy10wFIe ncCJIeJ[OBaTeJIH (H. A. IIpaa3ocnnaBJIeB, M. M. HfyKoB II JSp.) HacnFii-
CKHMH ocaJ I-caMH C1'aJIH Ha3bIBaTb BCCb KonrrIeuc LIeTBepTHLIHbIX OTJIO?neHHiI
H TepMHH H. 14. AIu pycoBa He HpHBHJiCa. Ocaj>;KH c Cardium edule pa3JInLIHbre
aBTOpbI HMeI10BanH nO-pa3HOMy. 11.ATpaaocnaa.ea Ha3MBa1I HX capnacnHMH,
C. A. HOBa.1eBCUHii - capai caar H, M. M. }I{yaoB - nocaIexBanIbiucnaMH,
B. B. BoraLleB - ((1-1013bIMH uacnrn cnaMH)>. B nocaeAHee BpeMa OHH IIOJIytIJIH
Ha3BaHBe HoBouaCHHiicnax.
aJopMHpOBaHHIO IIOBOUad1IHfcTu x OTJIO?HOHHiI npewlreCTBoaarla, uau Mbi
yJue OTMegaJIH, p0rpeCCHH - uOHTHneHTaJlbHbiII llepepbIB, B TetIeHIie 1OTO-
poro B HpnEacnaH oco6enio mnpoiw 6b1JaH pa3BHTbI BOJioBbie npoI[eccbI, He-
pepa6oTaBmHe BepXHexBaJlbHlcKHe H 60Jlee J1;poBHHe nec'Iauble oCaw i. Bepxl1
BTHX BOJTOBbIX HaHon1eIIHiI, ()opMHponaaluHeca npH HagaBHIeiIca TpancrpeccHH
I Cej19ac i# lIoe.rlexBaJB,[ncHOMy BpeMerln MbI oTnocHM SaTorIJTennbre 6eperoabie
JIHnnH, paenoJTwKeffBbie ne i' iy63Ke 12 M.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 MOpg OT HH3HOrO yp613HII B MaHrbIHIJIaHCHylo cTaJHio, Heo6xoAHMo OTHO-
CIITb H HOBOHaCIIHHCHOMy HpyCy, TaH HaH HOBOHaCIIBJCKHH HOMnJIOHC I,iayHbl
MOJIJIIOCHOB 6buHI yxfe cC opMHpol3aH H C IIOCJIeAylOMOI3 TpancrpeccleI pacnpo-
CTpaHIIJICH B npl6pemiioI 30He MOpH.
TaHIIM o6pa30M, 3aTOnJIeHHble 6eperOBble JIHHHH Ha rJly6IIHax 8 H 3-4 M
Ha)o C'HITaTb HOBOHaCnHHCHHMH, Taff HaH OHH (KHCHpyIOT HailaJIbHble
CTaguH HOBo}caCIIHHCIcOH TpaHCrPeCCIIH OT HII3KOrO YPOBI-IH B MaHrblliIJlaH-
clfylO cTaAIIIO, Ha rJIy6HHe OHOJio 12 M (-40 M a6c. BbIC.), OTHOCHigeHCH eme
if caMOMy HOHIjy XBaJIbIHCHOro BeHa.
MOpCKIIe HOBOHac1imAcHIIe oTJIOSHeIIHH CJiaralOT AOBOJIbHO y3HyIO noJIOCy
BAoJmb 6eperoB HacnHH. OHH IIpegCTaBJlenbl npe1MyiAeCTBenno npH6peSHHbIMH
IIecgaHhIMIl H palfylue*InbIMH HaKOIIJIeHIIHMH. Ha a6pa3Honublx yiIacTRax 6e-
pera (rJ,FaBHbIM o6pa3oM MaHrbIIHJIaIa) pa3BHThI rpy603epHlfcTble raJIeLIHHHO-
Bble oTJIOHfeHHH. Ha OTMeriblx alHHyMyJIHTHBIIbIx 6eperax npeo6JlagaIOT rJIH-
HHCTo-Hecgaxble H, pexfe, FJIHHHCTbie ocaAHH. B pai30Hax ycTbeB peK pa3BHTMI
aJIJHOBHaJIbHbie II geJIbTOBble HonolfacniI3crne ocaAHH. Ha n06epe?Kbe Cenepo-
3.anaAHoro MaHriIHIJlaHa HOBOHacuHAcHHe MopeHHe OTJIO?KOHIIH HHrpeccHBHo
3ax09HT B yCTmH AOJIIIH H 6alIOH, OTHpbIB3IOU HXCH H MOpIO, II BbIIIOJIHHIOT 3po-
3HOHHble Bpe3bl B BepXHeXBaJIMHCHHX oeaAHax. MopeuRe HoBoHacIITJ4cI Ie
OTJIOHf0HIIH B 3TOM CJiyTlae IIOACTIIJIaIOTCH npOCHOBOAHbIMII HaHOnJIeHHHMH
IIpoJIIOBIIaJIbHOro THna. XapaRTep HOHTaHTa 3THx 0CaAHOB yHa3LIBaeT Ha no-
CTeneHHyIO CMexy npedHOBOAHbIX YCJIOBHTI MOpCHIMH. IIpoJIIOBHaJIbnble Ha-
HonJIeHIIH OTHOCHTCH H HH3aM HOBOHaCnH 4cHorO Hpyca H OTBetIaIOT MOMeHTy
III33HOro ypoBHH Kacnna npi HallaJIbHf,IX CTaAHHx HOBoRaCnHYICHOH TpaHerpec-
CHH.
BAOJIb uo6epeHfb1.ManrMIHJiaHa HoBOHacIHI3cRHe OTJIOHfeHHH o6pa3yIOT
OAHy Teppacy Ha BbICOTe oioJIo - 22 (6) M H HecHoJlbHo 6OJIee HH3HIHx 6epero-
Bbix BaJIOB. OHH 3axOA}IT no BnaAIIHbI Aiwa-Cop R Kaparne, pacnoaarafICb
B noCJIeJHeM CJiyTIae Ha a6COJIIOTHbIX OTMeTHax OT -128 Ao -132 M, T. e.
6onee neM Ha 100 M HH?He yPOBHH KaciHH. TaHoe HH3KOe IIOJIO?HeHHe 3TIIX
ocagROB CBH3aH0 C HH31HM YPOBHeM 030pHIOPO 6acceFIHa Ha AHe KaparHe.
cI)ayxa MOJIJIHOCHOB HOBOHacnHHCHHx 0TJIO1HeHHI3 MaHrbMmJIaHa oTJTHLIaeTCH
OTHOCHTOJIbHhIM 6oraTCTBOM (fopM. BMOCTe C Cardium edule L. nCTpegaioTCH
Didacna crassa E i c h w., D. baeri G r i m m, D. trigonoides P a 1 I.
(B cenepHOnn nacTH MaHrblmJlaHa), Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Adacna
plicata E i c h w., Adacna laeviuscula E i c h w., Dreissensia polymorpha
P a 11., Theodoxus pallasi L i n d h. H Ap. PaHOBIIHbl B 6oJIbiHHHCT13e e iy*IaeB
3AOCb AOBOJIbHO HpynHble H MaccllBHble. D. trigonoides, BecbMa xapauTepnai
AJifl CeBepioro MaHrbMHIJlaHa, H iory OT PopTa 1IIeBLIenuo IIOCTeneHHO pe-
AeeT II noTITH HCqe3aeT.
BJIH3Horo xapaxTepa HOBOIfaCHIIi3cHai Teppaca H 6eperoBble BaJlbl pa3BIHTbT
Ha 6eperax Kapa-Bora3-Fo1ia H KpaCHOBOAcHoro noJlyocTpoBa. K iory OT
KpacHOBoAcHoro IIOJIyOOTpOBa HOBOHaciimAcKIIe OTJIOMeHHH HHrpeccHBHo 3a-
XOAHT B ) e( JInI[HOHHble IIOHH?HOHIIH 30JIOBOrO peJlbe()a. OHII 3aHIIMaIOT 06-
IIIIIPHbII3 HuOp HOJIbifop, IIpOCJleMHBaTOTCH 110 AOJIHHe AHTaMa H B IOr0-3anaA-
HoI1 iIaCTK KeJibiopa, Ha MecTe 6biBluero XHBHHcxorO 3aJi1PIBa.
Ha no6epe?Kbe IOro-3anaAHoII TypiMeHHH H FopraHCHOII IIPOBIIHIAHII
I1paxa 0HH Hp0ACTaBJienbi nec'3aHO-rJIITHICTbIMH, pe?Ke - necTlanbIMH ocaA-
HaMH. 3Aecb CHOBa B H306HJIHH 110HBJIHIOTCH D. trigonoides P a 11. B TO BPOMH
an Ha KpaCHOBOACHOM 1OJIyOCTPOBO H HeCKOJIbHO IO?KHee ero IIpeo6J1agalOT
D. crassa II D. baeri.
HonoiacuHHcnHe OTJIO?H0HHH o6pa3yIOT BecbMa pacnpOCTpanexxble Ha BOC-
TO'IHOM no6epe?Kbe KacnHH IIepeeb1IIH H HoebM, o6JIeHai npH 3TOM allaJIorHTMHMe
a[{HyMyJIHTIIBHbI0 ()OpMM, CJIO?IfeHHble Xa3aPCHHMH II XBaJlbIHCKIIMH npII6pen-
Hb1MH OCaAHaMII. BbiGOTa 6eperOBOIi JIIIHHH HOBOHaCIIHHCHOH TeppaCbl Ha BOOM
BOCTO*IHOM 11o6epexcbe HpnypOUeHa H O HOMY ypoBHIO -22 (6) M.
X44
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Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Ha iaBia3Ci0M IIo6epealcbe IIOBoi eillBCKne OTJIO?HOHnH Tainie C OpMITpyfOT
Teppacy Ha nbICOTC mono -22 (6) M H HecuOJIbno 6onIee HH3HIIX 6eperoBblx
BaJIoB. OIini coAepxcaT Cardium edule, Didacna trigonoides P a 1., D. erassa
E i c h w., D. baeri G r i m m, Monodacna caspia E i c h w., Adacna,
Dreissensia. Taioli HOM i Jeuc dayubl xapaizepeii AJIn ncero no6epencbsr.
Ha pAAe y4lacTio1 AarecTaI!cHoro no6epeHiba caMafi BbICOKOH HoBoHac Enl3cHan
Teppaca pa3MbITa npOJIIOBHaJIbHbIMH IIpoIIeccaMH.
B BOCTOLIBOII 9acTn AniiieponcioI'O nOny0CTpona 6eperonan JIHHHH HOBO-
iacrnii cHoii Teppacbl pacnoaonEeiia Ha BbICOTe 9 M, a rla ocTpoBe ApTeMa game
go 12 M Bag ypOBrleM HaCnnB, T. e. np11II0AHBTa Ha 3-6m no epaBHeIII410 CO
CBOIIM 06bILIrIbHM noJ1o lier1HeM.
Ha 6eperax Cencpnoro Hacnna OTJioaieHHH 3TOr0 Bo3pac.ra cJlaraloT y3HyI0
HpH6pexcuyio nOsiOcy 11 He IIOAHHMaIOTCfr Bblme OTMeTOK -22 (6) M. OHn HpeA-
CTaBJieIlbl necMaHb1MH n necLIaI10-rjIHHHCTbiMn ocaAKaMH C dayHOn: C. edule
L., Dihacna trigonoides P a 1 1., peace D. crassa E i c h w., a Tarn e Mono-
dacna caspia E i ch w., M. edentula P a 1 1., Adacna, Dreissensia. 3aliaA-
Hee ReJlbTbi BoJirn I]onoiacnnlicine oTJloncennn coAepxcaT noiiynpeciionou iyio
(J)ayiiy H nHrpeCCnBIIO 3aXOAfT B nOHn?ieHHS MexcAy 63poBCKHMH 6yrpaMH-
rpflAaMH.
Ha TOR Me 13blCOTe, OT -21 go -22 (6-7) M, HIOBOiaCHHIICKHe OTJIoHcenlB
pa3I1HTb1 Ha BOCTOLIHOl o panne HypI4IICKOi HH3MeniiOCTH n Ha JIeHKOpaH-
CKOM no6epeaibe.
TaHHM o6pa3oM, Ha BCOX 6eperax HaCII l4cnoro MOH 6eperonan JIHIIHJI
HOBOI{aClIHIICKOYH Teppacbi paC110HOn ena Ha OAHOM yponne, uopagia -22(6) M.
Hci suOLIeHHe coCTanJialoT JIHHib BOCTOLIHa5I LIaCTb AnnleponcHoro HOJIYOCTpOBa
H o-B ApTeMa.
COCTaB (J)ayIlbI MOJIJIIOCICOB IIOBoHauinAcuHX OTJIOIHOHJIH AOBOTIbHO OAHOpO-
ACH Ha BCOX 6eperax MopH. Hpii 3TOM, OAHano, HaAo 0TMeTHTm, LITO B pacnpe-
AeJIerIHH rpyllllbiDidacna E i c h w. IIa6JIIoAaloTCfl onpeAe.nenllble 3axoHoMep-
HOCTH. Taii, D. trigonoides P a 1 1. npnypouena is Ha116ojiee onpeCHeHHbMM
yLIacTKaM MOpfi (COBepHbIlt IIpliuacnnH H OTAeJIbHbI0 ytIaCTIcH 3anaAHorO no-
6epembfl), a D. crassa E i c 11 w. H OTUacTH D. baeri G r i m m npeo6JlaAaloT
B palIOHax c IIopMaJlblloH IcaCHITHcicon COJIel-IOCTb1o. CorJlacHo 14CCJIej[OBai114HM
A. D. HapneBHL1(1946), rpynna D.trigonoides BblAeP HBaeT naH6oJlbluee onpec-
HOHHO II0 CpaBIIOHHIO C OTHOCI1TeJIbIlO COJIOIIOJII06IBbIMH D. crassa H,D. baeri.
3TO pal-ice Aano IIaM BO3MO1KHOCTb paCCMaTPHBaTb mnponoe paccenneHiie rpyn-
IIbI D. trigonoides l3 IIOiOTOpbIX ApeBHeiaCIIHHCKHX OTJIOHcenHflx Kaic noKa3a-
TOJIb HeHOTOpOTO OBpCCH0IIH9 MOpfl.
HepeXOA OT XBaJIbUIICKOrO neia K IIOBoiacnnicnoMy, o3HaMeHOBaliHbllI rJiy-
60ioli HOCJIeXBaJIbII-ICKonI perpecci-ei, OTMetIOH CyweCTBeIIHbIM nepeJIOMOM
B 3BOJIIOIU1414 4)aynbI MOJIJIIOCI{OB. FpynnbI D. crassa E i c h W. IT D. baeri
G r i m m, IIOBB14BHI140CH eiue B CaMOM, iOlIue no3AHeXBaJIbIBCKOrO BpeMeHH,
BCCbMa HIHpOICO pacce n Jincb B IIOBOIfaenHHCHOMMope. HMeHHO IIOHBJICHITO IT
mHpoioe paccenleBHo aTITx npeACTaBHTeJIei poAa Didacna E i c h w. oTMe-
LIaeT IIaCTyHJICH1Ie nonoro aTana HCTOpHH Hacnnn - HononaclHYIcioro
Berea.
TITO IcacaeTCH Cardium edule L., TO OH HBJI}IeTCH CJIytIaHHLIM JTMMHrpaIITOM
H3 coceAiiero 3BKCHIIa H JIHIIIb B CHJIy CBOHX BHeITIHHX oco6eI-IIIOCTen npn06peJI
311aLIeHITe pyiOBOAAHIeIi (J)opMbI, Kai H rIO3AHei J1HH nepeceJieiiei Myti-
laster lineatus G m e 1. Bonpoca o cnoco6ax H BpeMcliri MHrparIHHT C. edule
Mbl ewe iociiomCiI n 3aiJIIOLIHTOJlbHO1I rJiane Hauiell pa60TbI.
B COCTaBO BOBOiaCHnIICiOro npyca MOrYT 6bITb nbIA0JI0Hbi COBpeme1IHble
iacnnnciHe ocaAiH (CJIOH), iOTOpEIO o6pa3ylOT nJIMH H orpaHHLIeHbI AOBOJlb-TI0
OTLIeTJIHBbIM 6eperOBbIM BaJIOM, paCHOJI051ceIIHbIM Ha BbICOTe -26 (2) M, T. 0.
COOTBOTCTBYIOJWIM ypo nio HacfHJi 1929-1930 rr. Ha a6pa3HOnnbIx yqacT-
iax 6epera Ha 3TOH BEICOTC HMeIOTCf1 a6pa3HOHHEIe HHIHIT. CoBpeMeuHble
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 Ta6JiHiia 6
CTpaTurpa4IHVecxau cxeMa qeTBepTHgHhIx OTJIOMeHnu IiaenHHcRoro 6accelHa
(cocTaBHJI H. B. (De)opoB B 1952 r.)
reonorii-
'Ier iie
HHne HCI.I
nk
QIv
Q
II
Qhz
11
Honoxac-
HHI3CHH73
HnmHe6aKHHCKHA
ropH3oHT
Mytilaster lineatus G m e I. (TOJIbKo
cospeMelHble),
Cardium edule L., Didacna trigonoi-
des Pall., D. crassa E i c h w., D.
baeri Grimm
D. cristota B o g., D. ebprsini Fed.,'
D. zhukovi F e d., D. parallella B o g.,
D. prrtracta E i c h w.
D. surachanica A n d r u s., D naliv-
kini W a 9s., Elephas trogontherii,
Camelus knoblochi, Bison priscus var.,
longicornis (HaaeMHble caon)
D.. subpyramidata P r a v., D. pal-
Iasi -P r a v., D. paleotrigonoides F e d.,
D. kovalevskii B o g., D. nalivkini
W a s s., D. delenda B o g.
D. eulachia Bog. (Fed.), D. pra-
voslavievi F e d. , D. postcarditoides
Nal.
HpecHOBOAHax Ii Ha3eMHan [JIayHa
HacrIHi cKHe OTJIOHCeHHcI KpoMe 066ILIHLIX HOBOKaCHHlicxHx BHAOB cogepmaT
ewe MoJIJIIOCK Mytilaster lineatus G m. a 1.
MOwHOCTI, HOBOKacnHAcuHx 0TJIOxceHH73 o61iI'IHO He HpeBLImaeT 1-3 M
H JIHiub H3peAKa AOCTHraeT 10 M H 6OJlee.
PaCCMOTpeHHaa HaMH CTpaTHrpa(ns geTBepTH1THIaIx OTJIomeHHI3 o6JIaCTH
1{acHH73cxoro MopH (Ta6JI. 5 H 6) HpHBegeHa B IIJIaHe LleTEIpexLIJIeHHoro AeJIe-
216
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Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
ropHaoHTbl, nonrOp11aonT6i,
CBHTbI, CJIOii
CoBpeMeuHrae H HOBO-
HacHHHCKIie c.moI
BepxHexBaJ mSeHiamx HPHMO OB gOCTaTOgHO, TIT06bI IIOHHTb, HaCHOJIbKO HenOJIHO,
a noAuac H HOBepHO OTpameHbl OCHOBHbie 3Tanbi McTBepTHLIHOH IICTOPIIII HaC-
1IHi3CH0I3 o6JIaCTn B cxeMe teTblpexbspyeHoro ) eJIeHILH KacnniCHOA TOJTHAH.
Hag o npH3HaTb, LITO 3TO J.(eJIeHHe yHCe yCTapeJIO H HyHCj(aeTCH B 3aMeHe 6oJIee
HOJIHOH exeMOH, 06'beHTHBHO oTpaHCaIomen OCHOBHhIe 3TanbI reOJIorHUecHoro
pa3BIITIIH Ii jialoii en reojTory-C'bemiuHHy HOHHpeTHble j{aHHble J JIH BbIJIeJIeHHH
H KapTHPOBaHHH onpejleJIeHHbIX CBHT H FOpH30HTOB.
HO3TOMy HaM KameTCH HeO6XOAHMbIM HeCHOJIbRO II3MeHIITb CTpaTHrpaI H-
teCKyIO CXeMy LIeTBepTHnHbIX OTJIOHCeHHA HaCIIHHCHOH o6JIaCTE, BbIjjeJIHB
LIeTHO 04epteHHEIe B eTpaTHrpacnn*IecxoM H BaJIeoHTOJIorFilecHoM OTHOIIIeHHH
HpyCbi, rOPH30HTbl, CBHThI, COOTBeTCTByIowIIe OBpejJ;eJIeHHbIM HOMIIJIeHCaM oeaA-
HOB, HMeIOWHM MeaCj[y C060II HCHble reoJIOnHgecHHe rpaHHn[hI.
HpegJIaraeMaa cxeMa (Ta6JI. 7) IIPHBOAIITCH HaMH HaR B03MOHCHOe CTpaTH-
.rpa(I3ilecxoe o6o6meHi4e BCero paCCMOTpeHuOrO B pa6oTe MaTeplaJla, HOTOpbIi3
npH OnHCaHHH 6biJI BLIIIle npenogHeceH B IIJIaHe TpajjHI;HoxxorO LleTblpex'L-
HpyCHoro geJIeHHH.
HpH3HaBag BcxyccTBeIIHMIM j;e3IeHHe KaCIIHI3cxo x LIeTBepTHLIHOH TOJIWH IIa
LIeTblpe Hpyca, Mbi B TO me BpeMH cLIHTaeM, 'ITO CTpaTHrpa4wgecxaa exeMa
HaCnnncEoR o6JIaCTII ) OJIHCHa 6LITb yBH3ana c o6HUeH3 cxeMOi3 ,IOTBepTIIHHoro
IIepnoAa EBpoueIicao LIacTH CCCP, rj{e Bblj{eJIHIOTCH geTblpe OTj>;eJla: HHHCHe-
teTBepTHLIHblII, cpeAHe'IeTBepTH'IHbII3, BepxHetIeTBepTHLIHLII3 H cOBpeMexnLII3.
'ConOCTaBJIeHne HpycoB HaCIIInTcHoiI B1xaJibi C OTI;eJIaMHteTBepTHLIHOiI cllcTeMbl,
IIpHBO OHHoe 13 pa6oTe H. 14. HHxoJIaeBa (1953)CBeJIOCb H ITpHpaBHHBamnn03THX
HpyCOB H oT) eJlaM. BiajleJieHHe me H. ICI. HHxoalaeBL!M B KateCTBe caMOCTOH-
'TeJIbHbIX HpyCOB paxee ycTalOBJIeHImIX HaM1 ((DeAOpoB, 1946, 1952) ropH3oH-
-TOB: HHH{Hexa3apcxor0 H BepXHexa3apeaoro, HHHCnexBaJlbIHcxoro H BepXHe-
CoIIOCTaBJIeHHe HpycoB HaCIIHHcHOii CXeMLI C OTgeJIaMH o6n eiI IIixajibl
LIeTBepTHlIHOro IIepao a AOJIMHO CBOAHTbCH, c HaII1eil TO'IHH 3peHHH, H O6vegH-
HeHHIO B Ham) OM OTAeJle j{ByX COnpHHfeHHLIx j(pyr c gpyroM 3TanoB reoJTorHHe-
CHOII HCTOpHH H ocaj[HOHaKonJIeHH)I:HOHTHHeHTaJIbHOro H MOpCHOrO. Ha OCHOBa-
HIIH 3TOr0 H HHHCHe'IeTBepTHTIHOMy OTgeJiy (QI) jTOJIMEM 6MTb OTHeeeHbi: a) KOH-
THHeHTaJIbHble OTJIOHCOHHH 3IIOXH noCJlealIHepOHCHOH perpeccHH, HMexyeMale
TIOpHAHCHOH CBHTOII (Q'), IIpHHHMaeMble 3a OCHOBaiiHe'IeTBepTHLIHOg CHCTeMLI,
H 6) MOPCKH0 OTJIO?HeHHH 6aaaHCxoro Hpyca (QI), HocJTej;HHii noApa3geJIHeTCH
na j;Ba rupH3oHTa: IIHMHe6aHHHCKHi3 (Q j') H BepxHe6aHHHCHHi3 (Q1b2).
H CPCAHegeTBepTH'IHOMy oTReJly (Q2) yCJIOBHO OTHeCeHbl MOpCKHe OTJIO?ICe-
HIIII ypyHgHCIucHoro ropn30HTa (Q?I_2), a Tau ae MOpCHHe OTJIOHCeHHH xa3ap-
-Cxoro Hpyca (Q2Z), KOTOpLIe UOgpa3j~eJIHIOTCH Ha ) Ba ropH3oHTa: HHHCHeXa-
3apcHHiI (Q2"), HMeHyeMbli3 B A3ep6aijpfCaHe rloprsHCxrM, BepxHeXa3ap-
CKIIn (Q2Z') H aTenbcxaa HOHT]HeHTaambHaa CBHTa Qzt.
I~ BepXHetIeTBepTHLIHOMy OTAeJIy (Q3) OTHOCHTCH MOpCKHe OTJIOHCeHHH XBa-
.Jibincxoro apyca (Q2?). HOCJIejjHHe IIOj[pa3jjeJIHIOTCH Ha gBa ropH30HTa: HHJTCHe-
xBaJIbmHCuHi3 (Qh?') H BepXHeXBaJIbIHCKHii (Q3?'). Ha3eMHbie OTJIO11l }IHH 3n0
XH MeaCXBaJIHHCKOiI perpeccHH HMenyIOTCH eHOTaeBcICHMH cJIOHMH (Qe3).
RaaCj[biil H3 3THX rOpH30HTOB, Ha OCHOBaHHH reoMopcj)OJIora'iecaoro allaiiHaa,
MOHCOT 6bITb IIoj(pa3AeJIeH Ha HeCHOJILICO Teppac, BbIpawOHHMX B BHJ[e OTiieT
JIHBbIX 6eperOBbIX JIHHHI3 Ha BCex 6eperax HaciHla. 3TH TeppaCbi He HBJIHIOTCH
-CTpaT1Irpa4 FIgeCKII CaMOCTOHTOJIbHbIMII, a OTpaHCaIOT JIHIIIL BTOpOCTeIIeHHBIe,
XOTH Hepe) 1CO H OTHOCHTOJIbHO KpylHble OCI[FJIJIHqHH 6accenna.
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
B HH?1{HeXBaJIbIHci oM rOpH30HTe MO?I{HO BbIJ[eJIHTb TPH Teppacbl:
MaI{cHMaJlbllyl0, BbICOTOH 46-48 M1, 2) 6yiHaHC1{ylo, HO MbICy ByrIHal{ Ha
,arecTalICHoM 11060pe1Hbe, BbICOTOI'I 22 M, H 3) TypI{MeHCHyIO, BLICOTOII 14 M,
6oJIee oT9eTJIHBO BbIpaSHOHIlyIO IIa 6eperax 3aIIaAHoi Typl{MeHHH.
B BepxIIexl3aJIb1HCI{oM I'OpH3011Te BbIJ[eaBIOTCFI TPH Teppacbl: 1) MaXaul{a-
7114HcI{aa (I10 r. Maxatwa.na), BbICOTOHI - 2 M; 2) capTaccl{afl (no CapTacy)
Ha ceaepo-3ariaJHoM 6epery Hapa-Borax-Foaa, BbICOTOH - 12 M; 3) garecTaII-
cI{aH, BbICOTOH - 16 M.
H Co13peMeHIIOMy OTJJeJIy (QT) OTHOCHTCH: a) EOIITHHeHTaJIbHbTe OTJIMeHHfl
nocJIeXBa3IbIHcHoi pe1'peccHH - MaHrbIIIIJIaI{CI{He cBIOH (Q,naq) H 6) MopCI{He OT-
-10;HeHHH IIOBOHacHHHCICOro flpyca (()n14). (I)opM1,ipoBair10 oTJl0 011HH COBpe-
McHHOrO OTJT,eJIa, C FOOJIOf OIOCI{OH TOtII{H 3pCIIHR, TOJIbI{o HatlaJiocb H OCHOBHble
co6bITHH 3TOro 3Tana HpOT0HalOT B HcTOpHLIecI{oe BpeMH.
1 BCIOAy IIpITBOJIFITC)l a6COJIIOTIIbTO OTMOTHIT JjpeBHHX 6epOI'oBbIX JIHIJH I Teppac, Ho-
iopble Ha Bcex 6cperax RacnHH BblJep)HHBaIOTCB IIpaHTHTIeCHH Ha oJ(HHX ypoBHHX.
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 COBPEMEHHbIE H HOBEfIIHE )ABFIMEHHH 3EMHO I HOPbI
B OBJIACTH RACIIHFI
B nePBOM npH63IH?KeHnn 8TH BOIIpOCbl y,Ke 6blrin IIaMn ((I)OAopoB, 19521)%
OC13en eHbl. CeAgae, HOCJIO HORROR YBH3KII MaTeplaJIOB ncCJIegOBaHHH BCeX
6eperoB HacHIIR, IIpejjCTaBJIHeTCH B03MWEIMM AaTb 6oJlee HOJIHyIO XapaKTe-
PHCTHKy paccMaTpnBaeMblx 9BJieHTA. OAHaio paMKH HacTonn eA pa60TLI He-
AaIOT B03MOMHOCTII B AOJI1HHO1 mope OCTaHOBHTbCH Ha BOnpocaX TeHTOHHKH,
Tpe6ylouuHX CHeH;HaJibIIoro pacCMOTpeHllfi. HO3TOMy MNI JIHIIIb B 061gHX -lepTax.
HoclJeMCn 3AeCb COBpeMeHHbIX H HOBeHIn ix ABn?HeHHI3 3eMHO13 KOphI.
IJlli cy?KAeHHfl 0 pa3Maxe n HanpaBJIeHHH ABn3KeHHYI, nX cKOpocTHx H Iipn--
ypOYeHIIOCTH H Onpe)eJleHHbIM o6J1aCTHM IIpHKacnHH MN BOCIIOJIb3yeMCg
CTenenbIO AIICJIOI vIpOBaHHOCTH ApeBIIHx 6eperoBbix JIHnHij Teppac. HaAo
CKa3aTb, LITO 3TOT 06'beKTHBHbIn H BecbMa 1IJIOAOTBOpHbi1R McTOA TeHTOHHLIe-
cHOI'o aHaJIll3a, c yenexoM IIpHMeHABIIIHYIC}I npn pa60Te B 06JIaCTH BaJITHA-
cxoro BZlTa, u comaJTeHHIO, He no3TytinJi em e mHpoHoro npH3HaHHn. He HaAo-
AoKa3bIBaTb, Kauoe HCKJHOLHITe3IbHOe 3HaxieHHe HMeeT 3TOT MOTOR HPH n3yiie-
H1414 COBpeMeHHbIX H HOBeihnHX ABHweHHn. IIpHMeHJiIO1AHHCn Yac o allaJJH3.
MOIIjHOCTeH AJI}I Cy1HACHHJi 0 HOBOIIIHHX ABn?KeHHFIX Mellee o6'LeKTHBen n
McHee TWIOH. B JIy'iHIeM cJiygiae OH OIIpeAe3IfieT JIlfb 3HaH ABHlHeHlf H HX.
IIpoAOJIMIITeJIbHOC'rb.
HOBenHIyIO TeHTOHHKy HaCnHHcHo I BnaJHHb1 Ha OCHOBaHHH Ae4lopMall;nI3
Teppac panee y;ue H3yilaJi M. M. MyzoB (1941). OAHaHo OH HCIIOJIb3oBa3i Ann
3TOr0 He TOJIbIO BbICOTy 6eperoBbix JIIIHIII3 Teppac, HO H OTMOTHII 6pOBOK H
oTAeJlbnbIx BbIXOAOB OTJIOHfeHHII, 'ITO B pnAe c3lygaeB HCKamaao AeI%ICTBnTeJIb-
HyIo KapTIIHy. Tax, HH31iOe rnncoMeTpnilecKOe IIOJIOHKeHne BepXHeXBaJIIIHCHHx
H HoBolacnHi'IcHHx OTJIoHceHH73 BO BHaAInIe HaparHe (ManrMIDJiau) OH pac-
cMaTpiBaji KaH pe3yJlbTaT onyc aHnfl. Ha CaMOM xce gene (cM. rJI. II, Boc-
ToYHb1II HpMHacnnI;i) HH3Kne OTMeTKl Teppac B Haparne O'TpancalOT BecbMa
II113KHul ypOBellb H3oJInpOBaHHoro o3epnoro 6acceiina, pacnOJIaraBIIleroc,
Ha AHe 3TOI2 BnapHHbl. Be3 AOJI?KHOII HpHTWLIeclof HPOBePKH 8TH AaHHble
M. M. HtyHoBa HCIIOJIb3OBadTncb HeAaBHO HelOTOpbIMH Apyr1MH aBTOpaMH.
tIaCTO MOHCHO BCTPCTHTh B HanieII JIHTepaType ColOCTaBJIeHne BLICOT TOP-
pac, pa3BHTbIX B npeAropbslx, H KPOBJIH OAHOB03paCTHbIX HM OTROMOI IA,
BCKphlTbIX CHBa?KHHamH. Ilpn 3TOM pa3HHga ypoBHelI LIawe i cero paccMaTpH-
BaOTCfI TOJIbHO KaH pe3yJlbTaT TeHTOHH'IecHHX ABH1KeHHi3. COBepHJeHHO o'ie-
BHAHO, LITO B 3TOM CJiy9ae He3lb3fi He yvHTbIBaTb ApeBHHI3 peJlbe i.
Bee CKa3aHHoe 3aCTaBJIneT Hac OTAaTb IIpe)rOr3TeHHe reoMopcjoJlornile-
CKOMy aIIaJI113y ApeBI1HX 6eperOBbIX JIHHHI3 Teppac, Ha3IeonTOJIorlIilecla o6o-
CHOBaHHbIX H HMe1OU FX onpeAe3leHHOe CTpaTHrpa4)HilecHoe 3HageHne, KaH Ha-
n60JIee o61 OETHBHOMy R TOLIHOMy MBTOAY H3yxieHHfI HOBeIifen TeHTOHJKJI MOP-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
CK1Ix 6eperoB. ToJTbiO RpeBHHH 6eperoBai JIHHHH Teppacbl HJIH 6eperOBOii Bair
TOqHO (HKCHpyIOT Hpe?KHOO no onWHHe ypOBI-IH Mopa, a Re(OpMaHHH 3THX
JIHIIHH HBJIHIOTCH OCHOBHbIM KpITTepHOM RJIH CyncReIIHH 0 HpOaBJIeHHH HOBOH-
HEHX RBH?KeHpIH. ORHaKO rI 3TOT MOTOR H(-JIb3H HCHOJIb3OBaTb OTOpBa1IHO OT
,RpyrHX. Heo6xoRHM KOMIIJIOKCIIbIH HaJleOreOrpa4)HTIeCKHH allaJIH3 BCOH CO-
BOKynHOCTH 4aKTOB.
B pHRe CJIytiaoB HO coxpaI-IHJIHCb 6eperOBble JIIHIIII, II &IX BbICOTI-IOO nOJIO-
-meHHO HpHXOR[ITCf peKOHCTpyHpOBaTb KOCBeHHO, OCHOBbIBaHCb Ha nQJiomeHHH
KpOBJTH ORHOB03paCTHbIx HM OTJIO?KeHHH. Tauo i MOTOR BeCbMa MaJTO TOmelf
H RaeT BO3MO?KHOCTb 1ipu6JIH?KoHHO CyRHTb o npO?KHOM HOJIO?KOHHH 6eperOBOH
_JIHHHH.
O6paTHMCH K KpaTKOMY paCCMOTpOHHIO BbICOTHOFO HOJIO?KeHHH RpeBHHX
6epeFOBbIX JIHHHII HacrmHcuorO MOpH H CTeneHH HX Re(OpMHpOBaHHOCTH (CM.
Ta6JI. 8 H ( Hr. 123).
CJlewl HH?KHe6auI4ucuoIi 6eperOBOii JIHHHH noua ewe He o6Hapy?KeHbl H
.cnOpee Bcero HOJIHOCTbIO cTepTbl 60JIee BbICOKOYi HO ypoBHIO Bepxxe6aKHHCKoII
TpancrpeccHell.
PeOMOp(oJIOFHLIeCKH Bblpa?KeHHal BepXHe6aHHHCKa} 6eperOBai JIHHHII
coxpaHHJIacb TOJIbHO Ha pHRe y'IaCTKOB KaBKa3cuoro Ho6epe?KbH. B gareCTaHe
OHa HMOOT BbICOTY OKOJIO 250 M', B CeBepHOM A3ep6aIiR?Kane - Ro 320 M,
B npeArOpbHX IOrO-BOCTOLIHOrO HaBKa3a (xpe6eT BOJIb1HOii XapaMH) - ouojio
280 M. Ha 6JIH3KHX OTMOTKaX (250-300 M) HMeIOTCH OCTaHIZbI TeppaC B npOR-
ropbHx TaJ1bHuHHcuoro xpe6Ta Ha lore A3ep6aIIR?Kaxa. ORHaKo oHH HaJIeOHTO-
IorHLIecHM He oxapaKTepH3oBaHbI, H OTHOCHTb HX K BepXHe6aHHHCKOMy B03pa-
CTy MOmHO JIHHIb HpcgHOJI01KHTeJIbHO, OCHOBbIBafcl Ha COBHageHHH BbICOT
c Teppacol3 KaBKa3cKOro Ho6epe?Kba.
B 60JTbI1HHCTBe CJIyLIaeB BepxHe6a1VHHCKau Teppaca Ha HaBKa3e pa3MbITa,
-a MOCTaMH H nepeKpb1Ta IInnuIexa3apCHOH TeppacoA (no6epembe A3ep6ailR?Kaxa
rc ceBepy OT AHHIOpoHcuoro H-Ba).
Ha RpyrHx 6eperax HacIIHH o noJIO?KeHHH Bepxxe6aIHHCKoH 6eperOBOi
.JIHHHH MO?KHO CyRHTb JIHHIb KOCBOIIHO, Ha OCHOBaHHH paCHpocTpaxeHHH ocaR-
HOB 3Toro Bo3paCTa. B npegeJiax 6oJrbHEeli, 3auagHoi1 HaCTH CeBepHoro HpH-
KaCnHH OHa, HO-BHRIIMOMy, He HORHHMaeTCH BbIHIe 30 M. HeciOJIbiO BbIHie 3Ta
7IHHHH pacnoJIO?KeIIa Ha 11-OBO By3aun H CeBepo-3anaRHOM MaHrbIHEJIaie,
TRO ROCTHraeT OTMOTOIC 30-40 M. Ho CpegHeMy TeLIOHHIO P. 3M6bI Ha
ygaCTKaX, CBH3aHHbIX C 06JTaCTHMH HORHHTHH IIa HpOROJI?KOHHH Myrog?Kap II
HylIIICaICyJIbcI{OII alITHKJIHnaJIH, BepXlie6aKHHCKan 6eperOBas JIHHHH ROCTHraeT
OTMeTOK nopugna 80-100 M. Ha Ioro-3aragnoM no6epe?Kbe MaHrbIHIJIaKa,
B paIIOHe 3aJTIIBa AJIeucaHRp-Bali H BnaRHHbI Haparne, OHa 0nyweHa H
paCHOJIO?Kelia, BHRHMO, He BbIHIe 10 M. Ha I{pacHOBORcKOM HOJIyOCTpOBO olia
CHOBa HOBbIIHaeTCH go 35-40 M. B o6JIaCTH Ilpu6auuxaHcKOIE HH3MOHHOCTH
HpOBJTH 6auaHCKHx OTJIO?KeHHYI ROBOJIbIHO rJiy6oxo onyweHa, ogHaio, cyga no
pacnpOCTpaxeHHIO ocaguoB C BepXHe6aKHHCKOII (ayHOli, 6eperOBaB JIITHHH
3TOro Mopes paCIIOJTaraJtacb I-Ia BbICOTO OICOJIO 25-30 M. Ha TaKoil Me BbICOTe
3Ta JIHHHH ITpOXORHT, Ho-BHRHMOMy, B 3anagHoH OKpaHHe HH3MeHHbIX Hapa-
ECyMOB.
B HpegeJlax ICpaoBblX H Me?KrOpHbIX ripOrH6oB reOCHI-IKJIHHaJIbHOH 1IaCTH
HadiHnCKOI3 BnagiIIIbI 6arcHHCKHe OTJTOmeHHH nOrpy?KeI-IM Ha 300-500 M
HIE?KC ypOBHH HacIIHH. Hojio?KeHHe 60perOBOII J114IIHH BOCCTaHaBJIHBaOTCH
3ROCb B 3HaxHITejIbHOH CT01101IH HpH6JTH?KOHIIO. RJ[H 3TOFO HCnOJIb3yIOTCH CJIe-
RyIOwHe paCCy?KReHHH. 13 COBpeMCHHOM UaCHHH (ayHa MOJIJIIOCKOB 06bIiillO
He BCTpOHaOTCH rJIy6?KO 200 M (HHHnonn , 1921). Ho3TOMy, OCJTH B 6ypOBOH
crBa?KHHe BCTpO1OHN rJIHI-IHCTble ocagICH, cogep?KawHe TOHKHO CTBOp}H pa-
I B IlacTOfIIIIeii PJIaBe IHOBCOMOCTIIO npIIBOJI,FIlcfl BbICOTbI j[peBIIIIx 6epeFOBblx JIIIHII1
Teppac 11a1i "OBpeMeIIIIbIM ypOBIIOM HacrIIIIICICOPO MOpfI (-28 M).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
MaKCHManhHbie OTTieTUB UpeanHx
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padnonaraJiacb Ha 200 M BbIIIIe. HCnoJIb3yH TaKHe pac e mI H OCHOBbIBaHCb Ha
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yqacTKaMB HOJ;HHTHLI A OnycHaHHII HpeBblmaeT 600 M.
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BepxHe6a}ilHcxag. Ha KaBKa3cxoM no6epexcbe I4MeJOTCH TpH, a MecTaMH i3 ueTbi-
254
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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J1141114H IIPOCJIcnCI-BaIOTCri Ha ]j0BOJIbHO 60JIbnloM npOTHMe11HH BJjoJrb KaBKa3-
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Hu2KHexa3apcK"C TeppaCbl IICCHOJIbICO HpHIIOAIIHTbI H paCHOJIOBSeubI 000TBOT-
CTBeHHO Ha BbICO'1'ax 120, 170, 225 M. Eii e 6oJIbI le Aec opMIIpOBaiibl
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3Jjecb McCTaMII 1ia6JIIOJjae'rcri 90 LIO'rbIpeX ypoBHeH, pa3BIITbIX Ha BbIcoTax:
150, 190, 230 H 330 M. rlouieJ[HHH OTMeTKa OTHOC14TCH K aHTI1KJIHHaJIb-
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B o6JIaCT14 rlpeJjFOpHit IOFO-BOCTOgHOI'O HaBKa3a ypOB11H nH2KHexa3apcumx
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
6eperoBbix JIHHHn 6JIn3Kn K COOTBeTCTByIOWHM ypOBHHM JtareCTaHcuoro HO-
6epexcbn H paCHOJloSKexbl Ha BbICOTax 110, 150, 200 H 225 M.
Ha JIeHXOpaHcHom no6epe7Hbe, 13 o6JIaCTH npeL ropn$ TainuunHc oro xpe6-
Ta, OcTanubl Teppac pacnoJloSlcenbl Ha BblcoTax 110,150-160 H 200 M, T. e.
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3bIBaeT Ha nopa314TOJIbHO0 eJ{HHoo6pa3ne reOTenTOHHLIecHoro pa3BHT1FI (Bo
BCHHOM c iy9ae B LIeTBepTHLIHOe BpeMli) BoJIbHJOrO HaBKa3a H Tanblula.
Ha JtpyrHX 6eperax HacrHn B JIyIIHIOM CJIyilae ygaeTCH BOCCTaHOBHTJ, O) Hy
6eperOByio JIHHHIO HHMHexa3apcKOro BpeMeHlI, nepeRpbiTylo 6OJIee MoJIOJ[oI3
TpaHerpeccrel3. JIHHIb B o61IaCT14 cpeJ[Hero TegIeHHII P. 3M6bi HnHCnexa3apcKne
OTJIOSUeHHn (6eperoBaa JIHHHH) pacn0JIo neHhI Bbiule XBaJIbIHCUnx n J OCTHraIOT
OTMeTOK 100-110 M. B o6JIacTH HHSKHero HOBOJI}KbH, Bowlro-YpaJlbcnoro
meHx :ype'lbn H He p. Ypani HIH Hexa3apexa1 6eperoBaa JIHHHJ He HOAHnMaeT-
CH BbHue 30-40 M. Ha n-one By3aiIn, MaHrNruJiaue H HpaCHOBOACKOM n-oBe
oua BOCCTanaBJIHBaeTC1 Ha BMICOTO ononIo 40-42 H 30-40 M, a B HpH6aJi-
XaHCKOg HH3MeHHOCTH H Ha 3ana);HOII oHpanne HH3MeHHbix HapaxyMon
He IIogHHMaeTCH Bbife 20-25 M.
B KpaeBbix IT McHCropxblx nporn6ax Hr nHexa3apcxne OTJIO?KennH, uogo611o
6'[/aKHHcunM, onyu enbi Ha HecxoJlbRO COTeH McTPOB HHH conpeMeHHoro ypOBH$
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HH3MOHHOCTHX IIpe) nOJIOSKHTeJIbHO npOBeCTI Ha rJly6HHe 100-150 M HHSUe
ypOBHH Hacn1H, a B TepCKO-HyMCKOi3 BIIagHHe, BepOliTHO, H euue HiSKe, Ha
OTMOTHaX 100-200 M.
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
TeHTOHHHII. OTtleTJIHBOe naAeHHe IIJIaCTOB HIIHKHe6aKHHCKHX OTJIo?KeHgII,.
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
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BecbMa 1IHTCpeCC11 xapa1#'rep J[HCJIO1caTJHii 6a1#HHcI#Hx H Xa3apcicHX OTJIO-
?rceHHli B Hypu:HCicOi[ 1I113MOHHOCTH. Bar#HHCrcHe OTJIOarceHHfr icpyTO Ha1cJr0IIeHbI
B CTOpOHbI HH3MOIIHOCTH euue y caubIx itpeAropHri HaBI#a3a, B TO BpeMf1 I#ax
IIHmiiexaaapcrcue '.reppacbi, lie HCHbITbIBaH yrcJiOHa, npOCTHpalOTCH gariei#o
Haw (Marlbrii XapaMH, MHMOB-,L ar, H1opoB-gar). CJIeAOBaTeimrco, B 6ardlHCrcOe
Bpema 3OIla Hypwiclcoro rlpor H6a 3axBaTbIBaJIa 3HaLI14TeJIbHO 60JIbmyIo 11J10-
11 a9b, ileM 13 nocJreAyion ee Xa3apcicoe lipeMfr, H 13 o611aCTL HOJ[HHTHH BOJrbmoro
HaBI#aaa BTrurI[BaJIHCb HOCTer[e111IO 1IJroll aJ[H, rlepeJ); TOM yLIaCTBOBaBnIHe
B OHyCI#aIiHH:.
He McIIbIHHH pa3Max gBH?ICe11HII B 6a1cIrHcrCoe it xa3apcrcoe BpeM5 OTMeiIaeT-
cfI B TepcIco-HyMcicoii, IIpsr6arrxaiicicoii H HeIiMHpo-t'IHn#HHrrlapcl#on BnaJ>;H-
Hax, rJ[e yrca3ai I-ILIe O'rjioaceHHu noAi3epraJiHCb 3HaTIHTeJIbHOMy onycrcaHHio.
Teppli'ropin, OTIiocfrn riecri lc o611aCTH nJraTlJOpMM, B 6arcuHCicoe H xa-
3apcrcoe BpeMH HCnbrrbIBaJ[H BecbMa He3Ha=IHTOJTLHble ABH?iceHHn. OTHOCHTeJIb-
HO CTa61IJIbnbuuri 6bIJr14 HpacrroBOAc1dII i nOJ[yoCTpoB, CeBepo-3anagHbr1I MaH-
rbIHIJIaI# If 3Ha111TeJIbilan tlaCTL CeBepI-loro IlpHicacnnfl, eCJlrr He CTIHTaTb y31c0-
JlolcaJIbHbix CI#JIajkLIaTblx J1;1tcJIOlcagl4fl, CBf13aiIHMX C COJIfr1IOICynOJTLHOii Tei#TO-
rirmori. Melee cIIo1#oI'THoi[ 6br is TeppHTOpHn, TrrOTelowaa lc roro-3anaAHoMy
HpOJ>;OJI?rceHHIO Myi'op recap J1: LIyrHlcalcyri,cico i ar1T14.I#J14Harui, I'Ae B 6arcHHCicoe
H xa3apClcOe BpOMfr 1tMCJ[11 IVIOCTO J[OBOJIbIIO 311aiIHTeJImIIbIC HOAHIITHfr.
IIOMIIMO aTOPO paIIOIIa, j3 1Ipeo6raJ];aIoJI eM 6oJIbmH1ICTBe CJryaaeB 6a1cHH-
cKue H Xa3apciu e OTJI0HHOII145I iIJIaTt OpMCHIIbIX o6JIaCTei HaCHHiicroii BHaAHHbr
J);onor iro cra6o 3aTpOII3Tbl BepTHICaJIbrIbIMH ABHHCeHIHHMH.
PacCMO'rpellrIe J>;e[FOpMai~HII gpeBI-IHX 6eperoBMX JIHHHII HacnHfl 1103BOJIHeT
cj[eiiaTb CJ.ICAyIOIAHO BbIBOJiba:
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
1) ileM ApeBHee 6eperoBac JIIIIIIIH, TeM 6OJiee OHa Ae(opMHpOBaua;
2) HaH6oJree ApeBirIIe - 6aaHHcHax H xa3apclcax 6eperoBbie JIHHHH - Ae-
I OPMJI OBaHbl B IIpeAeJiax BCelr BIIaAHBbi;
3) Haii6OJI6maH aMHaIHTyJa Aed opMawIH IIa6Jn0AaeTCH B reoelIHEfJIHHaJIb-
HOII o6JIacT14;
4) AJIH HaDua3CHOrO H TaJIbIIIIHHCHoro Ho6epeHu4H BecbMa xapanTepiia
60Jiee nail Melee paBHOMepHaH IIpHIIOAHHTOCTb Teppac;
5) B HJIaT()JOpMeHHOH o6JiaCTii 6eperOBbie JIIIHHH 6auHHCHOro II xa3apexoro
peen HapyBIexbl BecbMa ciia6o;
6) xBaJIbIHcICHe ii HOBOHacmificHHe 6eperoBbie JIHHIIII B IIpeAe3iax BCei
HacIIHIdci oil BHaAHHbI IIOiITH He )II3cJIoi r1posaHM. HciQIEoile1He COCTaBJIFIIOT
JIHHIb oTJ[eJIbHble yxiaCTKH B o63IacTH HOrpymCeHHH Ioro-BOCTO'IHOro HaBxa3a.
HaAo OTMeTIITb, 'ITO 3TH BLIBOAbl, IIOJIy'eHHbIO B pe3yJlbTaTO H3yLIeHHA CTe-
IIeHH ge( opMagrdi ApeBHIIX 6eperOBbIX JIIIHHH, HeAOCTaTOiIHO IIOJIHO OTpamaloT
AIIC3IOl[HpOBaHHOCTb ApeBHeHaCUIIHCHHX OTJIO1HeHHII. Le3I0 B TOM, IITO B 603Ib-
IIIIIHCTBe c iyLIaeB 3TH 6eperoBMe JIIIHIIH paCIIOJIO1xeHbl HapaJEJle3ihH0 OCHM
cTpyITyp H Melee Ae(JOpMHpOBaHbI B npOAO3ibHOM IIp0(II3Ie, IIeM IfpOB3IH CO-
OTBeTCTByIOIIWIIX OTJIOHCeHHH B IIOIIepOLIHOM npo4mi ie H 3THM CTpyRTypaM.
Tau, OTHOCHTe2IbHaJ BblAep)xaHHOCTb Ha BbICOTe oxOJIo 250 M BepXHe6aHHH-
cHOII 6eperOBOH 3IIIHIIH BAOJIb CeBepHbIX IIpeAropiII RaBHa3a B npeAeJlax Aa-
reCTaHa yHa3bIBaOT Ha OTHOCIITOJIbHYIO paBHOMOpHOCTb IIOAHHT.HH. B nonepeu-
HOM we IIp0(HJIe HpOBJIH 3THX Or3Io1HeHHH BeCbMa CHJIbHO II3orHyTa, Tax Hax
yxce B 10-12 HM H CeBOpy OT BpeAropFl1 OHa onyluelia HH110 300 M. c3Ta aM-
IIJIIITyAa B 550 M, HOHO'HO, HBJIHeTCH p03YJIbTaTOM 110 TO3Ih10 O)jHIIX BepTH-
Ha3IbHbIX ABH?xeHHH IIpOTHBOIIOJI0}I{HLIX 3Ha1OB, Tax I{ax IIecoMHeHHO, LITO
B MOMeHT Bblpa6oTHH 6eperOBOu JIFHHFIH CyIIjeCTBOBa3fa onpeAe3EeHHaa pa3Hin a
-rJiy6IIH, HO pa3HHI[a B OTMOTHax ApeBH0TO peJlbe(la Bp1A 3114 upeBbImaiia 100-
150 M 11 TOr)a pa3Max ABII11eHIII3 3A0Cb AOCTIIraeT OrpOMHOIi BeJIH'HHM -
nopHAxa 400-500 M. He IIcHJIIOLIeHa BO3MOHIHOCTb, 'ITO H B OTHOCHTeJIbHO
cHOHOIIHOI3 o6JIaCTR CeBepxoro HpHxacnlln H Tory OT MarcHMaJIbxorI HHHCHe-
XBaJIbIHCKOIi 6epeTOBOn 3IHHHH MOrJIH IIpOHBJIHTbCH JIOIlaJIbHEIe ABIIIHOHHH
06014X 3HaIOB. Oco6eHHO OTO MOIHOT OTHOCIITbCH H paiOHaM pa3BHTIIH CO3IH-
HOHyIIOJIbHOI3 TeJTOHHHII.
TaHoe me HBJIeHHe Ha63IIoAaeTCH B HpH6a3IXaHCKOId HH3MeHHOCTH 3auaA-
HOIE TypRMeHHH, r)e, Ha1 3T0 Hoxa3axo Ha HaineM rpac Hxe, 6af1HCxar H HH1I{-
Hexa3apcxaH 6eperoBble JIHHIIII He HcULITEIBaIOT xaIHX-3IH6o Ae()opMagHIE.
ueICTBHTOJIbFIO, OHH He 11CIIbITbIBaIOT nepexoCOB 13 IIpOAOJIBHOM IIpO(I)H3Ie
H H OC3Ie}HHBaIOTCH Ha OTMe'eHHbIX BbICOTaX BAOJIb CxJEOHOB BOJIbmoro H Ma-
3IOro BaJlxaHOB H HloprHbIH-Rlope. B TO Me BpeMH B o6JIaOTH Hp16aaxaHcKofi
Aenpecc iii xpOBJIH 6aIIIHCIIIX oTJIOMeHHII onyni eHa H JIHIIIb Ha yLIae r ax 6pa-
XHaHTHHJIHHaJIbHbIX HOAHHTHH BbIBe)eHa Ha AHeBHyIO llOBepXHOCTb.
B pa3BHTHH F aCIIHHCHOII BIIaAHHbI BeCbMa cyigeCTBeHHyIO pOJIb HrpaIOT
xpynxble IIpoFII6bl MepHAHOxa3Ibxoro HaupaBJIeHHH (RHOHOBa, 1952; (DeAo-
poB, 1952).
B OTJIIILIHO OT CpcA113e1Horo H Hepxoro MopelI, BHaAHHa HaCHHH pacrlo3fo-
1HeHa IIonepex aJIbiniAcHnx H 6o iee ApeBHHX TeKToHH'IecHHx cTpyITyp.
OCH 3TIIX cI3IaA'IaTbrx COOpyl{OHIII3 B o6JIaCTH HaciHH H3En norpyHlalOTCH,
H3TH Ayroo6pa3HO H3rH6aIOTCH.
TaHoe IIorpylHeHHe HCIIbITbIBaeT ceBepO-3auaiHoe oxoHLIaHHe MaHrMmJIaH-
CxFIX rop. Ellie 6oHlee xapaKTepHO uorpyxceHIIe IOrO-BOCTOtiHoro RaBHa3a
B o6JIaOTH AIIBrepOHCHOro nO3lyOCTpOBa H Hy6aJarCHor0 xpe6Ta, Ha BOCTOLI-
HoM 6epery HacIIFIH. Tax Ha3bIBaeMbdi AiuuepOHCHHII nopor, IIOABOAHaR nepe-
MM'Ha c rJIy6HHaMH Beero 100-190 M, pa3Ae3imomaa 6OJlee r3Iy6OxoBOAHMe
BuaAHHMI CpeAHero H 1Oxtxoro HacnuH, o6bliIHO paccMaTpHBaJIHCb HaH IIpoAO3I-
1HeHHe IIorpyHleHHoro oxoHLIaHHH HaBHaacxoro xpe6Ta. HOBLie AaHHble
B. D. ConIoBbeBa (1954) roBOpwT o pa33IH1IH0I1 reoTerT0HHLIed}OI3 IIpHpOAe
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
AHHIepoHcuoro Hopora. OICa3bIBaeTCH, ero CJIeAyeT paccMaTpIIBaTb nan yuac-
TOn COLIJIeHeHHJI TPOX CTpyI{TypHbIX 3JIeMel-ITOB: o61IaCTH norpy?neHHH TpeTHH-
HOH CiJIagLiaTOCTH IOrO-BOCTOLIHOI'O HaBna3a, 06JIaCTH auHrepl[HHC1oil uJIaT-
)OpMbI c 6oJree MOJIOJ[biM gexjioM H o6JIaCTH TpeTHTIHOH CKJIa])LIaTOCTH 3anaJJ;Ho-
TypKMeHcKOII AenpeccHH.
BecblVla JIIO6OrIbITeH CTyneHqaTbIII xapaiTep norpy7lfeHH51 IOro-BOCTOiiHoro
HaBKa3a B o6JIaCTH AIIInepoiioi Oro HoJIyoCTpoBa. HOCTeneuno CHFI?ECanCh Ha
BOCTOn, B03BMHIeHHOCTH 06pa3yIOT caoero poJ[a CTyneHH, HpaBga, He Be3JJ;e
OTileTJIHBO Bblpa?KeHHble. PHA Tasi ix 13o3BbIHIeHHocTeii, BKJIIoLTan IIIa6aH-Aar,
HaTaMAapcKoe HJIaTO H gpyrHe, cocTaBJIHeT Har16oJiee noBbIHIeHHyIO cTynenb.
Ranee Ha BOCTOK pacnono?Ifexbl 6OJiee HH3KHe IIJIaToo6pa3HbleB03BII11IIeHHOcTH
c bixa, ApMeHYIKeHAa, a BOCTOLIHee - eu{e 6oniee HH3IIHe HoBepXHOCTH B pail-
one Cypaxalloa, Ca6yHUei H T. g. HanoHeri, H 3Ta IIJIOCIIOCTb cHH?ICaeTCH
Ha BOCTOH, o6pa3yH BecbMa XapaKTepHmIll H3rH6 aHHIepOHCKHX H3BeCTHHROB,
KOTOpbIII HOBTOPHIOT H 6OJIee MOJIOAble Bepxaexa3apcHme H3BeCTHJ3RH C
Didacna surachaniea. 3TOT yCTyH xopomo BbIpa?KeH B paiione EHH-Cypaxa
HOB H CeBepHee. BOCTOLIIlee 3T0H CTyIIOHH pacnono?KeHa H1,13MeHHOCTb BOCTOLI-
Horo Aumepona, IIOCTeneHHO Hepexo awan CHaLIana B apxHHeJiar OCTpOBOB
ApTeMa,RHJIOI3,Hec THHbleHaMHH,aeiI);eikaniee--BHOgBOJxHyIOBo3BbImeHHocTb
Anmeponcnoro nopora.
CJIegOBaTeJIbHO, HOrpyH{eHHe AIIMeponcl'Oro Hopora, CBH3aHHOO C pa3BH-
THEM MepHJ;HOHaJibH0ro HpOrl6a, B ROTOpOO ona3aJIHCb BTHHyTbIMH iorO-BOC-
ToLIHOe oHoHLIaHHe I- aBKa3a H 3anaJ[Hai 'IaCTb crpylTypbl HpaCHOBOJ>;CKOro
HOJIyOCTpOBa, HpOAOJI?KaJIOCb H B nocJIexa3apcioe BpeMH BnoJIHe BeponTHO,
LITO 3T0 OHyCnaI-IHe HpoHCXOJ;IIJIO H B XBaJIbIHCIIOO BpeMH.
TOJIbI{O HaJIHLIHEM 1ICOCTHOTO OCHOBaHHH B o6JIaCTH 10x{HO-HacnHHCKOH I3na-
J IIHbI MOHUI0 06THCHHTb BecbMa XapaHTepHbIH gyroo6pa3HbIH H3rH6 CHCTCMBI
CKJIaAgaTbIX COOpyHCeHHli 3Jib6ypca, o6paJ1 eHHbin BbinyIJloCTbIO Ha for
H Kan 6bI Orl16aI0n IIH IoHCHoe oIOHLIaHHe Hacimii KOro MepHAHOHaJILHOro
IlporH6a.
Bna1;HHa IO?iCHOro RacHHH HP0,jCTaBJIHeT Co6oH HOABOAFIyIO paBHHHy,
oHCpy?neHHyIO OTIIOCHTCJIbIIO KPYTbIMH CI{JTOriaMH, OTAennHIOIIUHMH ee OT McJInO-
BOJ];IIH. Bonee npyTbiM HBJIHeTCH lo?ICHbII3 npail BHaJ[HHbI, HpHMbInaIou rn'I
K HpeJ);3JIb6ypccICoI3 HpH6pe?nIIOTI 11113MeHHOCTH. MHpoI{oe McJlnoBOJl;be c rJly-.
6HHaMH Menee 50 M, pacnozomeHIIOe B BOCTOLIHOH TiaCTH IO?nHOrO HacnHH,
BgaeTCH B BHAe Tynoro Knirsia J>;aJ1eno na 3anau H HpeJ[cTaI3JIHeT co6oii, no-BH-
AHMOMy, o6JiacTb oHycnalIHH 3aHaWHOK uaCTH HoneT-Kara H Typnneiio
XopocaHCniix rop. C reo(H3H=IeCHOH TO'IH 3peHHH BnaJ>;HHa IO?RHOro HaCHIIH,
corJIacno MHeIIHIO B. B. (DeJ1;bIHCnoro (ycTHOe coo6meHI1e), IIpeACTaBJIHe'T
co6oi AOBOJIbI-IO YCTOHLIHBOO H ?neCTEOC oCHOBaHne.
BecbMa BaHCImIM RoHa3aTeJIbcTBOM B HOJIb3y CyWeCTBOBaHHH B o6JIaCTH
HacnHH HPyHHbIX MepHgHoHaJIbHbIx OHyCnaIIHH CJIY?MHT II3BeCTHLIII HO reo-
I H3HLIECiHM J[aHHbIM MepHJ1;HOHaJIbHbIH pa3JIOM B IOrO-3anagHOH TypnMeHHn,
K 1OTOPOMy HpHyI)oileHbI KpylHble rPH3ea ie ByJII{anbI AK-HaTJIayx, Fen-
HeTJlayx H, Bepos'rIlo, IIaxomII.Hecn Ha OJ[HOII JIHHHH C HHMH He[ TJIH-A?na
(IIpaH), a Tan?nce 1 orpaHb-,ar.
I/I3BeCTIIO Tan?ne I3arlinie CTpyICTypHbIX BJIEMelTOB Mep1JZwoHanbnoro Hpo-
CTHpaHHH B CTpOEIIHH BoJlbInoro HaBna3a, oTMe'eHHOe eme R. H. BorAano-
BHLIeM, a B HOCJIeJ;Hee BpeMH B. E. XaHHbIM (1950).
TaIHM 06pa3OM, B LIeTBepTIILIHOe BPCMH B 06JIaCTH HaCHHHCHOI BnaJiHIIb1
HpOHCXOAHJIH ABII?HOHHH 3eMHOII nOpLI pa3JIHLIHbIX 3IIa1OB H aMHJIHTyJ[. HaH-
6oJIbIIIHII pa3Max 3THX gBH?HeIIHII oTMe'IaeTCH B reOCHHKJIHHaJIbHOTI o61IaCTII
HaCnHH. HanpOTHB, B HJIaT(J)opMEHIIOH o611aCTH JIBH?neHHH 6bMJir CpaBHHTeJlb-
HO He3HagIHTEJIbI-IbI.
I OCHOBHyIO POJib B J>;e(JOpMagHH BnaJ[HHbI HrpaJIH BepTHnaJIbHLIe J;BH?neHHR.
o60HX 3HanoI3,OXBaTMIBaIOH[He 6oJIbmIHe yLIaCTHH 3eMHOII nopbI.BTOpOCTeHeHHOe
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 3HatIeHHe IIMeIOT cKJIa) gaTble AIICJioxaiHII, o6ycJIoBJIeHHbie, no-BPIAHMOMy,
BePTIIHaJIbHbIMH ABI33KeHIIHMH. OHH HMeIOT OTHOCHTOJIbHO y3Hoe JioHaJIb-
Hoe paCIIpOCTpaHeHHe.
BepTHKaJIbHbie ABIIHKeHHa, pa3BHTbI0 B 6aHIIHcKoe H Xa3apcKoe BpOMH He
TOJIbKO B reocHHKJIHHaJIbHOII, HO II B IIJIaT())OpMeHHOH o611aCTII H oxBaTbIBaio-
HAHe BCIO HaCIIHIICKylo BIIaAHHy, C TetIeHHei BpeMOHII IIOCTOIIOHHO 3aTyxalOT.
B XBaJihIHCKOe H HOBOKaCIIHIICKOe BpeMH OHH HpOIIBJIIIIOTCH JIIIIHb B HOKOTOpHX
y'IaCTKax reoCHHHJIIIHaJIbHOII 06JIaCTH (IOrO-BOCTO'IHoe OKOH'IaHHe KaBKa3a).
XapaKTepnog 'LepToll BepTHKa3IbHbIX ABHMeIIHIi gBJIHeTCfi He TOJILHO
oxBaT HMH 3Ha'IHTeJibHbIX yYaCTKOB 3eMHOI3 KOplI, no H paBHOMepHOCTb IIOAHfi-
TIIII, Tat HarJiflAHO OTO6pa?KeHHafl B BbIAep?KaHHOCTII ypOBHei HH?KHeXa3ap-
CKHX Teppac KaBKa3CKOr0 no6epe?Kba. TaHoe eAHHoo6pa3He TeHTOHHUecI{oro
pea 3HaLiHTeHIbHOi3 'IacTH BOCTOiIHOrO KaBKa3a, a B03MOHKHO H TaruIHIa,
Boo6ige roBOpH, BOCbMa JIIO6onbITHO H BO MHOPOM elide HOIICHO. BHAHMO, OHO
BbI3BaHO MOHOJIIITHbIM CBOAOBbIM, BOCbMa paBHOMepHbIM nOAHHTHOM KpyIIHbIX
y'IaCTKOB reOCHHKJIHHaJIbHOH o6JIaCTH, C HOTOpbIMH CBH3aHLI allaJIOrHgHbIO
KOMneHcaqHOHHble onycHaHrI. PaBHOMepHbII3 XapaKTep BepTHKaJIbnbIX ABH-
?KeHHH CBOIICTBeIf H IIJIaT()OPMeHHbIM 06JIaCTRM.
CyHieCTBeHHoe 3Ha'IeHHeHMeIOT CKOpOCTH ABH?KeHHH. BonpOC O CKOpOCTf'x
BepTHKaJIbIIbIX ABH?HeHHII Boo61ge IIpeACTaBJIfieT HCKJIIOgHTeJibHbIII FIHTepec;
13 IIOCJIeAHee BpeMH OH npHo6peTaeT 6oHibmoe IIpaHTII'IeCHOe 3HaueHHe.
B. B. BeJIOyCOB (1948) C'IHTaeT BO3MO?KHbIMII MaHCIIMaJIbHble CKOPOCTII
ABH1KeHHII go 30 MM B roji; O6EI'IHO Me OHH H3MepfIIOTCH MHJIJIIIMeTpaMII B roA.
H. 14. HIIKOHaOB (1949) npfHHMaeT CKOpOCTH AJIsI cnJIajgaTbix o6JIaCTeIi
1-3 MM, a AJIR IIJIaT(JOpM 0,07-0,025 MM B rOA. HOBTOpHhIMII TO'IH&MH HHBe-
HHpOBKaMH Ha AnmepoHcHoM IIOJIyoCTpoBe (BperMaH, 1947) 3a(HKCHpoBaHbI
CHOPOCTII of o io 2 MM B roA. Heo6xoAIIMo yHa3aTb, 'ITO paIIOHLI, AJIH KOTOpbIX
lIHBOAfTTCH 3TH CKOpOCTH, COBnaAaIOT CO CTapbIMII He( Te3KCnJIyaTaI I4OHHMMII
imoi JaA}IMH, H IIO3TOMy 3AeCb MOr1H lIpOBBHTbCHI ABH?KOHHH, CB$I3aHHble
c oceAaHHeM TPYHTa B pe3YJlbTaTe DbIKa'InBaHHH He[)TH.
B pa6OTe A. A. 1430TOBa (1949) TPHBeAOIIbI IIHTepeCHble AaHHLI0 no IIOBTOp-
HOMy TO'JHOMY HHBeJIHpOBaHHIO BAOJIb KaBKaacnoro II06epe?KbH HacIIIH, MemAy
r. MaxaIKanna H BaKy, no HHBeJIHpOBKaM 1914 H 1936 rr. HpII 3TOM (upnxHMag
yCJIOBHO 3a He1OABH?I{HyIO TO'III Maxa'IKaiIy) Ha6JIIoAaeTCH nOJIOroe IIOAHITHe
BAOJIb Bcero n06epe?Kbfl, c MaRCHMyMOM B panone CT. HaCOCHafi (B 50 KM
K ceBepy OT Bany). B TO'3Ke MaHCHMaJIEHOFO HoAHHTHII Ha CT. Hacocian 3a
22 roAa, IIPOTOKHIHO MencAy AByMI HHBeJIHpOBHaMH, npOH3oIIJIO IIOAHHTIIe Ha
360 MM, B BaI{y (?I{,-A. CTaHI[Hfi) Ha 155 M. CJIeAOBaTeJIbHO, CHOPOCTb ABIIHKOHIIIi
B paione CT. HacocHOIi AOCTIIraeT +16,3 MM B roA. A. A. H30TOB C'THTaeT AaH-
Hble HIIBOJIHpOBOK BIIOJIHe IfaAeHKHbIMII H CBH3TIBaeT OTMeneHHble Ae4OpMagIIH
C BOPTHKaJIbHbIMH ABH?KeHHHMH 30MIIOII KOpbi.
Kan IIOKa3aHO BbIIHe, B paCIIOJIOBKeHHII XBaJIbIHcIwx If. HOBOKaCIIHHCnrix
6eperoBbIx JIIIHIIII, BAOJIb KOTOpbIX HPOXOAHJI IirBeJIHpOBO'IHbIA IIpO(JYHJIb, pac-
CMOTpeHHLIH A. A. I43OTOBLIM, He omyigaeTCH KaIHx-JIH6o 3aMeTHbIX gel opMa-
I[IIH Aan e B paiOHe CT. HacoCHOfi. HO3TOMy C BMIBOAaMn A. A. H3OToBa HeJIb3fI
corJIaCnTbCH.
CorOCTaBJleHHe BbICOTHOrO noJloaleHHfI ApeBHIIx 6eperoabix JIHHHIi B co'ie-
TaHIIH c AaHHMIMJ no o6n eIf naJieoreorpa(HH AaeT ocHOaaHne CYAHTb 0 CKOpO-
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JIHHHH AJTH y'IacTKOB HaIT6OJIbnIero 1OAHHTHH H IIOrpyHKellHI COCTaBJIfieT
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I I4MeI0TCa B BHAy ABHH{eHHH, He COIIpOBOH(j(aIOHjHeCH pa3pblBHbIMH AHCJIOIfaT ltHMH.
2 LHarpaMMbI 3TH, a Tarc a yCJIOBHaa napaduieJiH3arHa 3TaHOB pa3BHTHII IfiaCHHg-
CHOPO MOp}I C JIeAHHKOBbIMH fIBjIeHHHMH HeO6XOA33Mbl 3AeCb JIHIHb AJIf HpH6JIHHLeHH0ro
OHpeJ eJIOHHa a6COJH0THOro B03paCTa TOIL HJIH HHOii 6eperonoli nHIiHH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
TOJIbICO B I#aiieCTBe l'eoxpOHOJIOrH'iOCKOIi H#aJIbI H yCJIOBH0 rlapaJiJIeJIH3yl
6aHwici oe BpUM}I C MHIIAcjleM, IIOJIytIHM, gITO 3a 350 TbICHq JIeT aMIIJIHTyJ[a CO-
~CTaBJIHeT 600 M, T. 0. CHOpOCTb JABHH#OHHH, HJIH, BepHee, pe3yJlbTHpyIowee
HepeMel.UeHHe, B J);aH1IOM CJiy'Ia0 goCTIlTa0T HOpaw a 1-1,5 MM B IOA.
AMHJIHTyJI,a A13II?K0IIM14 HH?I#1exa3apcHoII 6eperOBOII JIHHHH J);JIFI 30HbI Ma-
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(TepcI o-I1yMcIaH IIH3MOITIIOCTb) 11peBbINaeT 500 M. COHOCTaBJIHH HI3?iCHexa-
3apCHOe I3peMfi c IIatIaJIOM McJKJIeJ];IIHKOBOH MHHJ;,eJib-pnCCICOH 311OXH, MbI HOJIy-
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JlfieT 10-15 M. EcJIH AaH#e COIIOCTaBHTb paHIIeXBaJIbIHCKy1O TpallerpecdHio
C BIOpMCKHM BpCMOHOM, KaR# OTO 06bILIIIO J>;eJIaeTCA, TO H TorJ>;a HOJIyLIHM cHo-
pocTb HepeMeWeHHfi Hopagim 0,3-0,4 MM B roA.
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cTpyHpyeTCH na IcpaclloBOAGROM HOJIyOCTpOBC Ha BLICOTe ol#ono 35 M, IIa Toro-
3aHaJ];HOM MaHrbIIHJIaKe mime 10 M II Ha H-OBe By3auH OICOJIO 40 M. CJIeRoBa-
TeJIbHO, Me? gy II-OBOM By3aLIH H F paCH:OBOACKHM IIOJIyOCTpOBOM HaMeLIaeTCf
HOJIOrHH HporH6, aMHJIHTyJJ;OH Deem 25-30 M, B I#OTOpOM ygaCTByeT 6aKHH-
cnafI 6epeI'OBaH JIIII-IHH. 11a OCHOBaHHH HpHBeJ1;0H1-IbIX BbIfe paCCymTc eHHII,
Hago HpeAIIOJTaraTb, LITO CHOpOCTL 3TO1'0 HpOrH6aHHJ COCTaBJIfieT oKoJio 30 M
3a 400 TMCHLI JIOT, HJIH onono 0,07 MM B FO)1;.
TaHOB nopfigoK HOJlytielHbIX T H(()p, KOTOpbIil: coBHa));aeT c JJ;axxbiMH
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pH3yiOT ITCTII1IIIbIX CKOpoCTel JI,BII?HOIIHII, a AaIOT JIHIHb HeHOTOpOe HpeJI:CTaB-
.JIOHl3O 0 pa3Maxe (p03yJIbTHpyIOII1CM Hep0Me1T>;eHHH) 3a BeCb OTp030H LIeTBepTHLIHO-
ro BpeMem'I. XapaiTOp IT CTeHOHb AI1CJIOLkHpOBaHHOCTH pa3JIHLIHbIX 6eperoBMX
JIHHHII IIa KaBKa3CHOM H06epe?Kbe A0CTaTOLIHO KpaCHOpeLIHBO CBHJ);eTeJlbCTByIOT
o HepaBHOMepI-IOCTII HOAIIHTHH, a CJIeJ1;OBaTeJIbH0, o6 H3MeHOHHH CKOpOCTH J;BH-
n eHHH C TO'OIIHOM BpeMe13H. ECTOCTBOHIIO HO3TOMy OHW aTb, LITO 3HaLIHTOJIb-
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npOH3011IJI0 B TOLIOIIHe HepBOI3 HOJIOBHHbI LIe'TBepTIILIHOI'O HepHoga H, TaKHM
o6pa3oM, HCTHHHble CKOpoCTH, T. 0. HepeMeu wHHe HO oTHOHIeHHIO H B006pa-
?KaeMoii CTa614JIbHOA 11oBepxHOCTH, J(OJI?KHbI oHpeJ);eJIHTbCH BeJfHLIHHaMH Ho-
pAJ1,Ka 1 MM 13 r OJT. TorJJ;a o61uj1H pa3MaX gJIH 30H MaICHMaJIbHbIX HOJJ;HHTHH H
OHyCKaHh I cocain 2-3 MM B FOR. IIOBTOMy rlago HpH3IIaTb, LITO rrH(()pbI CKO-
pOCTeH ABHmeIIII 13 reOCHHKJIIII-IaJIbHbIX 06JIaCTHx, HpnBe)AenHMe HaMH paHee
(DeJopoB, 1952), Wait IICCHOJIbHO 3alHlMeIlbI.
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HMeeT HCKJIIOLIIITOJIbI-IbIH HHTOpOC. B pfIAe HpeJ[HIeCTBOBaBHIHX pa60T (DeJ1;OpOB,
1943, 19462i 1949, 19521) MM y?Ke I#acaJnhCb ero C pa3JIHLIHbIX TOLIeR 3pOHHH.
3J[ecb Me OTMeTHM, LITO 11MeIoIl HeCH B HaIHeM paCHopfHKeHHH MaTepHaJibI HO-
3BOJIHIOT yTBep?3:#AaTb, LITO, IIOCMOTpfi Ha CBOH pa3MaX H CKOpOCTH, 3TH ABH-
)I#OHHA He BJIHHJIH CyweCTBOIH-IbIM o6pa3oM Ha MOXaHH3M HoJIe6aHHla ypoBHtl
Tfacumq, CB93aHHMx rJIaBHbIM o6pa30M C KJIHMaTHTIeCKHMH H3MeHeHHfIMH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 OCHOBHbIE 3TAHbI 'IETBEPTHgIHO UCTOPHII
HACIIHI%ICHOrO MOPH
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
IIpeACTaBHTeJleH ee BbiMHpaeT H JIIIIUL HeMHOrIIe MOJIJIIOCHH npoAoJI?naIOT
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HOMIIJIeRCe MbI HMeeM CaMbIH HepBbIII 3TaII 3BOJIIOIIIIH HOBOH A3Ifl Hacimi
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{ ayHbi. Ha CMeHy TOHHOCTBOpgaTbIM H OTHOCHTOJIbHO McJIHIIM Didacna par-
vula N a I., D. catillus E i c h w. H ApyrHM HII?RHe6aRHHCRHM 3opMaM IipH-
XOgIT RpylHbie ii 06 14HO MaccHBHbie D. rudis N a 1., D. rudis var. catillus-
rudis N a 1., D. rudis var. varia N a I., D. carditoides A n d r u s., a Taume
D. eulachia B o g. (F e d.) H, peace, D. pravoslavlevi F e d. IIoc2IeAHHe ABa
BIIAa, IIOfIBJIfI}ICb B HOHJ[e 6aIHHCHOrO BeHa, IIO3Iy'aIOT IIIHpOROe pacnpoCTpa
HeHHe y?Re B ypyHA?RIIRCROe BpeMn. OAHaro D. pravoslavlevi H HeHOTOpMe
IIpeACTaBHTeJIH rpynubl D. trigonoides P a 11. H3BeCTHUI 6UIJIH B 3anajHoi
TypKMeHHH en[e B IIepBylo IIOJIOBHHy 6arHHCRoro BeRa. 11o3TOMy eCTb OCHO-
BaHHfi npeJnoJIaraTb, *ITO pO I{HOiI D. pravoslavlevi u npeACTaBHTg2Iefi
rpynnbi D. trigonoides P a 1 1. JIBJIfIeTCJI HaCIIHr3CHoe Mope. 3TO We M0?RHO
CRa3aTb it o D. catillus E i c h w., npo13omeAHIeIa, 110-BHAHMOMy, OT 6JIH3-
RIIX (JopM aniuepOHCHOH (f ayHbI.
TeHTOHHileCI{HeABHx{eHHf1,Coxparfla CBOII 3HaR B OIIpeAe2el HMX 06JIaCTIIX,
np0A0JI?IiaJIII pa3BHBaTbCA H B BepXIIe6aI{HBCHOe BpeMfl. HaH6o2lbIuHg
pa3Max 3THX ABHH 0HIIH HO-npeJRHeMy OTM0IaOTCH B reOCHHRJIIIHaJIbHOII 06-
zaCTH HaCI HHCI{OII BIIaAHHbI.
IipoMe peR, Bna)aIOIIIHX B RaCIIHII H HbIHe, C BOCTORa, B pailone BOCTO'IHOH
tiaCTH HpH6aJlxaHCROI3 HH3MeHHOCTH, BIIaAaiia ApeBHfIH Amy-gapb1, Ilpo-
TeRaBiuafl ilepe3 HH3MeHHble HapaHyMbi. AJIJIIOBIIaJIbHbIMII OTJIo?ReuHHMH
3TOII peRH $IBJIfIIOTCH neC*IaHble H rJIIIHHCTO-necgaHliie O.CaARH HRL3OB Rapa-
HyMCROA CBHThI.
(DaijuaJIbHM H JIHTOJIorIILIeCRHYI XapaRTep HHmHe6aJHHCI{YIx $ B.epxxe-
6aRIIIICHHx OTJIOHfeHHfi yRa3UIBaeT, HaI Mb! y?R0 oTMeLIaJIu, Ha OTHOCHTeJIbH0
cJIa6oe pa3BHTHe AeiiioBHa3Ibn0-HpOJIIOBHa3Ibnoro cTIoca c CymH, OCOCeHHO
B IIepByiO IIOJIOBHHy 6aHHHCROro BeRa. 3TO OTHOCHTC}I TaH He H K BepXHe-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
6aICHHCI oMy Bpeiena, KoTJ[a OTMe=IaeTCH 7[eRoTopan, xOTH H ITe3Ha=IH'feJIbHaR,
aHTHBH3aIZHH 3THX Hpor[eCCOB.
BaI lincIHI3 6aCCe13I1 r[pe));CTaBJTHT[ co6oil IIOHyH30JIHpOBaHHOe o3epo-
Mope (Iorlr. 124), HpCBbHiialoii oe no CBOcii: HJiorr[aJ1;vI COBpeMOHIIbIIH HaciHI3.
`COJIeHOCTb ero B IIepByIO IIOJIOBHlIy 13eKa 6bIJIa H4H4e coI3peMexxoii, a 13 HoH1I e
BeHa HecnOnT HO HOI3hICITJIaC1; no, BHAMMO, CTayia HeMIIorHM 60JIbHIe COBpe-
McHIIOH H I3pHA JIM HpOBblrllaJla 13-14%, (I3H3b e coceJJ;HHM IIaygHHCKHM 6ac-
CeHHOM, OCYWCCTBJIHBHTaHCB 17:0 MalIbIIICKOMy IIpoJIHBy, XOTH H 6blJla orpaHH-
LIeHIIOH, HO CHOC06CTBOBana Z[OBOJILIIO cB060ZSIIOMy BOqOo6MeIIy meaHAy gBYMH
6acceIHaMH. Hag o HMOTm B BMA Y, IITO IIay aucut4H 6accelln I'IMOJI TaI4?He CTOI#
riepe3 Boc[Jop - MpaMopll:oe mope - J apJAaleJIJIbI 13 o6nacTb CpOAH3eMHOro
MOpH, 0 =IOM CBHJ;0T0JIbCTByIOT 14313offllble B J11ITepa'fype HaxOJ.1;HH I )ayxbl
-COJIOHOBaTOBORHbIX (IlayJ>;HIICMIX 14 Z(pCBHe3113ICCHHCHI4X) MOJIJIIOCHOB Ha 6eperax
3THX HpOJ111BOB H B HpeJ);eJrax ApXHHeaara (3reIIenoe mope).
KJIHMaT B o6JlaCTH IcaCH.IH 13 HepByIO HOJIOBHHy 6aMHHCKOFO BeHa 6bIJI
HOHTHHeIITaJIbHbIH H, 731lpaMO, TOM1IepaTypbI 6bIJIH 60JIee H143KHMH, IIeM Co-
I3peMeHHble. Bo3MO)HIIO, 11T0 60JICe IIpoXJIaAI-IbIH HJIHMaT :)Toro BpeMeIIII CICa-
3anCH Ha 6eJAHOCTH 14 VFIICTOITITOCTH FIHNCHe6aMHrICHol ~ayHM MOJIJIIOCKOB.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HecKOJILRO 6wwiee 6JIaroIIpIHHTHble HJIHMaTHileCRHe yCJIOBHH 6bIJIH BO BTOp0I3
HOJIOBHHe 6aRHHCRoro BeHa.
YpyHAaHHRcRoe BpeMH. HepexO OT 6aRHHCRorO Bexa.
Ii ypyHAHRHRCROMy He 6huui CBH3aH C HOpeHHbIM HJIH, BO BCHROM c3lygae,
C CywOCTBeBHMIM H3MeHeHHeM peHRHMa Mopes. B CaMOM ROHAe 6aRHHCnOro
BeHa npoHcxOAHJIa He60Jlbiiiaq H,IIO-BHAHMOMy, OTHOCHTeJIbHOHpaTHOBpeMeH
Han perpeceun Mopes, B TeneHHe ROTOpOH Bepxue6aRHHCRan 4ayHa MoJIJIIO-
CROB LIaCTHgHO BbiMepJIa HHH Boo661ge HcLie3Jia H3 HpH6peacHbIx yLIacTROH
MopH.
HpH IIOCJIegyioweli TpaHerpeccuu MOH Ha cMeHy OCHOBHLIM HpeAcTaBH-
TeJIHM Bepxxe6aH14HCHOH I ayHLI po a Didacna E i c h w. UPHXOART rpyHIIa
D. eulachia B 0 g. (Fed.), HOHBHBIIIanCH B KaCIIHH ewe no BTOpoil ROJIOBHHe
(HJIH B HoHI(e) 6auHHcHoro BeHa. 9Ta TpaHCrpeecHH, HMeHyeMan HaMH ypyHA-
HHHRCROII, C ROTOpOH 6LHJio CBH3aHO IIoBCeMeeTHOe pacceneHHe D. eulachia
H B MOHLmei3 eTeueHH - D. pravoslavlevi F e d., D. karelini F e d., iioJiy--
tIHJIa BecbMa HIHpoHoe pa3BHTHe H HpeB3ofIJia no cBOHM pa3MepaM upeAHIe-
CTBOBaBIIIYIO Bepxxe6aHHHCHyIO TpaxcrpeccHlo. OHa 3aXBaTHJIa 3HaLIHTeJIb-
Bble IIpOCTpaHCTBa B BOCTOLIHOH uacTH CeBepHoro HpHRacnHH, pacupocTpa
HHBIIIHCb B o61IaCTb cpeAHero Te1IeHHH p. 3M61a H BAoJIb CeBepnoro LIHHRa
YCTIOpTa, a TaRHfe no p. YpaJi, BHAHMO, AO HIHpOTLI 03. 4eJIHap. B HHHRHeM
HoBOJIHRbe H Ha BOJIro-YpanIbeHoM Me?ICAypegbe mope 3axop{3JI0, IIo-BHAHMOMy,
CeBepHee IIIHpOTLI 03. 3JIbTOH. Ha 3araAHOM Ho6epeHfbe HacnHH MOpeM 6LIJIH
3aHHTbI Tepcxo-HyMcRaH HH3MeHHOCTb, OTHOCHTOJIbHO Hemupoxai IIOJIOca
BAOJIb HaBIa3CHOTO 6epera, JIHIHb McCTaMH HeMHOrHM IIpeBocxo)Hwar Hpe-
AeJIbi pacripOCTpaxeHHH BepXHe6aRHHCHOro MopH. TpaxcrpeccIIeI3 6MJIH 3a-
xBaLIeui AHBIepoxcHHli HoJIyoeTpOB, o6JlacT16 HH3HHX HpeAropHii IOro-Bo_
eTOgHOro HaBRa3a H Ben HyprHCuac HH3MCHHOCTb go xpe6Ta Bo3-,liar H
Hapap na Ha 3auage, a TauHRe IIpH6peHRHan IIOJioca BAOJIb JieHiOpaHCRoro
no6epe?ICbn, BHJIIOLIaH HH3HHe npeAropbn Tainima.
HOT HHHaROr0 COMHOHHH B TOM, LITO MOM 3TOPO BpeMeHH 6b1JIH 3aHHTLI
HpH6peHuHLie HpOCTpaIICTBa IIa IOHRHOM 6epery RacHHSi, Ran H BCH IOHnHan
BIIau-Ha MopH. Ha BOCTOtIHOM no6epe?nbe mope IIOHpMBaJIO 3Ha'IHTeJILHYIO
LIaCTb HpuxacnuIIcnoR HH3MeHHOCTH IOro-3auakHOH TypHMeHHH H BCIO HpH-
6aJIXaHCRyIO HH3MeHHOCTb, paCH OCTpaHHHCh 3AOCb HeCROJIbHO AaJibfe'
Ha DOCTOR, ileM IIpeguieCTBOBaBHIee BepXHe6anHHCRoe Mope.
B npeAeJiax BOCTOLIHOH RaCTH HpH6aHIXaHCnOH HII3MOHHOCTH H Ha 3aIIaA-
Hog onpaHHe HH3MeHHblx HapaRyMOB, Rpo e Didacna eulachia, 06HTaJIH
TaioRe D. kalickii E b e r s. u Ap.
ECTb HenOTOpbie OCHOBaHHH HpeAHoJlaraTb, LITO ypyHAHRHucuoe Mope
AOBOJIbHO AaReRO Ha DOCTOR BTOpraJIOCb B HH3MeHHble HapaRyMLl, o6pa3yf
HOJIyH30JIHpOBaHHLle 3aJIHBM no BHaAHHax Hapamop H HyM-Ce61ueR.
Mope 3aTOH11Jio 3anaAHyio H ceBepo-3anaAHyIO qaCTb KpaCHOBOACROro
IIOJIyOCTpoBa H BCIO BHaAHHy Napa-Bora3-Foria. B IIpeAeJIax MaHrbIBiJIaR-
cRoro no6epeHnLH 6eperoBai JIHHHH MopH 6bi3Ia 6Jili3Ra H coBpeMeHHLIM ROH-
TypaM 6epera, 3a HcnnnioileHHeM IIOHHHReHHLlx ygacTHOB - BIIaAHHLI AwH-
Cop, Haparue H pnAa ApeBIIHx AOJIIIII, rge HpoHcxoAHJIa HHrpecciIn MopH.
HOJIyOCTpOB By3atIH 6bIJI IIOJIIIOCTbiO HORPLIT MOpeM.
CpaBHeHHe OIepTaHHI3 6eperOBOA JIIIHHH ypyHA?HHHCHoro MopH c ROD-
TypaMH Bepxle6aiHHCnOro MopH IIO3BOJIHeT roBOpHTL, TITO 6OJiee IIIHpoRoo
pa3BHTHe TpaxcrpeccHH B IIpegenlax HH3MeHHOCTeIi CBH3ano C TeHTOHHTlecRuM
onycnaHHeM Hx, o6JIergIHDiuHM HpOHHRHOBeHHe MOpCHHX BOA B IIpegeJIM cymiL
XapaRTep 3anieraHHH Bepxxe6anHHcHHx H ypyHA?HHHCHHX OTJIOHHeHHI3
B OTHOCHTeJILH0 cTa6HnbHoii o6JIacTH MaHrMIIIJIaRa yRa3LIBaeT Ha AOBOJILHO
6Ji13RHe ypoBHH 3THX Tpaxcrpeccui33.
BCJIeg 3a pacceaenueM B Hacnun Didacna eulachia Bog. (F e d.), a TaRHHe
D. delenda B o g. Ha*IHHaeT HIHpoRO pacupocTpaHliTLcn rpyulla D. trigonoi-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
des P a 1 1. (B IIIHpoI#oM noliaManhi 3TOr0 B11Aa), IIOfB14131IIa5ICa ewe B 6annH
CHHA BeH B o6JIacTH 3anaAlloll Typl#Meunn.
X a 3 a p c n n ii B e in. Ha'Iajlo co6CTBOHIIO xa3apcnoro Bena 03naMe-
HOBaJIocb mHpOI#HM paccenonnoM rpynlibl D. trigonoides P a 1 1., HOTOpoe
CTOHT B CB9311 C HenoTOpbIM O1IpedneHHeM Mopes. 3Ta rpynna nacuHIICI#Hx
.Didacna B COBpeMO11II0M Mope Bb1A0pn#4BaOT H u460JIbIIIee onpecxemle (Hap-
neBH'I, 1946), 'ITO AaJio HaM ((1)oAopol3, 1949) 1303MO?1#HOCTb paCCMaTpFIBaTb
MaccoBoe IIOFIBJIBIIHO 1'pyuu i D. ti igonoideS B XBaHbIIICHOM Bene, Kan ynaaa-
TeJIb Ha OnpeCIICIIFIe Mopes. IIIHponoe pacceaeHHe pnAa HpeACTaBlTeJIe)'I
9TOI3 rpyiHbI MOJIJIIOCROB B I1:epBy1o HOJIOBHHy xa3apcl#Oro Bela 6e3ycJIOBHo
HBJI4eTCH peal{IineYI I#ollxHJIHo4layubl IIa H3MeHeHHe BHefHeH CpeAbI B eTOpO-
Hy rJIaBI-1bIM o6pa3oM onpeciiemia. HecMOTpH Ifa BecbMa HIHpoiioe pacrlpo-
cTpalleHHe B HH2HHOXa3apCl#oM HaCIIHII Tai{Hx c OpM, naI# D. paleotrigonoides
F e d., D. subpyramidata P r a v. H ApyrHX MoJ1JIIOCI#oB, 6JI113HHX In rpynne
D. trigonoides, BpJA JIIl MO?I#IIO rOBOPHTb 0 3lla'I14TeJIbIOM O6weM OnpeCHoHHH
Beero iopa. Xapal#TopHO, 'iTO yR 33HHble MOJIJIIOCr#H .BCTPO'IaIOTCH B H141HHeM
HOBOJIH#be 14 Ha naBI#a3cnoM no6epeinio B paRoDax BIIageIIHH pein, B HypHH-
Cr#OlI HH3MelIIIOCTII, a TaI#a#e 11 HpH6aJrxaHCICOII HIII3M0IIHOCT14 H Ha If pacno-
BOACr#OM IIOJIyOCTpOBO, B6JI43II yCTbfT ApeBlleu Amy-,uapbl. TanHM o6pa3OM,
B 6OJIbfHIICTBO CJI)'laCB pacrIpOCTpaHeHIIe TpHrOIIOHAIIbIX (OpM B I,IH?I#He-
Xa3apCROe BpeMn CIlH3alI0 C oupeCHeIIIILIMH HpHyCTLeBbIMH y'IaCTI#aMH.
HanpoTIIB, It IIOl#OTOpOM y]kanIeIIHri OT OIIpeCHeIIHbIX y'IaCTROB IlpeAcTa-
BHTOJIH 3T013 rpynHAI BCCLMa MaJIO'IHCJIeIIIILl II BO BCIII#OM CJIy'Iae HrpaIOT
IIOA'IHHOHIIyIO pOJIb B 1#OMIIJIURCe (DayHLi (Teppaca H Wry OT MaxagnaJrbI,
B pavione CT. f1HIMa H AP.), rAe IIpeo6nagaloT Didacna nalivlcini W a s s.,
D. aff. pallasi P r a v. H Ap. 1 [al#olleg, ( OPMLI TxroTelowIle n rpyr ne D. tri-
.gonoides, OTCyTCTByIOT (HJIH IIOLiTH OTCYTCTByIOT) B I-IH?r#Hexa3apcHHX OT-
JIO?I#eHHHx MarIri,imjial#a. HocJIeAHee BecLMa HOI{a3aTeJibHO, Tau iian Ha MaH-
rblurJraxe B Te'IeIlRe =iOTBOpTHLIHOro it ('rpeTIIgI-IOro) BPOMOHII peTixol CTOI#
OTCyTCTBOBaJI, a IIOCTyiIJIOIIIIO IIpoinommabHLIX BOA 6L1Ji0 He3Ha'IIITeJILHbIM.
H03TOMy MO?I#IIO npeAIIOJIaraTL, 'ITO B IIH?I#Hexa3apcHoe BPUMH IIpOIICXO-
AHJIO rnaBHLIM o6pa3oM MCCTIIOe OIIpeCHeI-IHe AOBOJIbHO o6111HPHbIX IIpH-
yCTbel3bIX npoCTpalICTB. ZITO I#aCaeTCH o61geii COJIeHOCTH MOPH, TO, BHAIIMO,
oHa 6bIJIa JIHIHL H.ecnoJ1bii0 IIH?ne, 'IOM B Bepxlle6aI#IIHcnoe BpeMfI FI B COBpO-
MOHHyIO 3IIOxy.
OIIpecneu:Ho npHyCTLOBblx IIpoCTpanCTB, naI# II IIenoTOpoe o6wee oupec-
HeHH0 MOplI, 13 .110I)BOLI IIOJ1o131fn(' Xa3apclnoro Bona 6bIJI0 BLI3BaHo ycnireuneM
pe'IHOrO CTor#a 13 o6JIaCTI) HaCHHn. BoJlee 3IIa'IRTeJlbxoe HOCTyIIJIeHHe pe'I-
HbIX Bog B HanIaiie xa3apcl#oro aena, 6bIJIO, HO-BIIAIIMOMy, CBH3ano C TaHHHOM
JIbAOB BO BPOMII I#pynII0r0 CpOAHO'IOTBepTH'InOrO OJIegeHeHHg.
B Hpn6airxancr#oii I H3MOIIIIOCTII 3anai -ioR Typl#MeHnn MopCnne ypyHA-
?I#HKCI{He OTJIO?I#CHIIIL CMOIIHJIHCL BIIa'IaJie OIIpeCIIOIIHLIMH, a 3aTOM II IIpecHO-
BOAHLIMII aJIJIIOBHaJILIIO-AOJIl,TOBbIMIi oCaAHaMn:. B o6JIaCT14 H1,I3MeHHbIX
HapariyMOB IIpoFICxOAliJio (I)opMlipoBaHHe a JIJIIOBHaJILHLIX OTJIO?I#eHHII Bepx-
Heii IIoJIOBHI-J M I#apal:#yMcr#Oii CBHTbI. AJIJIroBHailbllble B:anoHJIeHIIH 6bIJIH
mnpono pacnpOCTparl:eIIbI H B HypHIICHOII II113MerIIIOCTH, rAe TanIne CMeHHJIH
B BOpTHI#UJIbHOM pa3[)030 MOPCI#lre npII6penHble ocaAKH c D. eulachia. BAoJIb
ccBepnoro 6opTa Hypmicl#oli HH3MeIIHOCTrI IlpollcxoAHJio HanoriJleHHO
aJIJIIOBnaJIbHO-IIpOJIIOBHaJILHLIx BCPXHCyIIITaJIbCI#IIX OTJIO?I#eHIIII, r#oTOpble,
B OTJIII'IFIO OT 6ai#nnci#Hx (HHlnrieylllTaimcnnX), IIpeACTaBJIeHbI A0BOJIb-
HO rpy6blMH raJIe'IIIHI#OBLIMII JiOIIFJIOMOpaTaMFI II 6ypLIMH J1O000BHAHbIMH
cyrinHHnaMH.
B IIepiio i IIOJIOBIIIIO xaaapcicoro Ber#a BAOJIb naana3cnOro no6epelnbH
IIPOHCXOAHJIO HanOBJie.mic ra.Ie'IIIHnoBoro MaTepnaiia 3a c'teT IIepeoTJTOM0HHfr
MOPCI#HMH BOJIHaMH o6HJIbIrbIX anrnoBnaJIbHbIX BbIHOCOB C BbICOEOFOpHbIX
o6JIaCTeiI, B r#OTOPbIX npeo611agaJIH IIOpOAbI FiiaBHOr0 Hanna3Cnoro Xpe6Ta.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Ho HpyIIHbIM II McJIHIIM peiaM BOCTOLIHOFO HaBxa3a BMHOCHJiaeL H 6epery
MOPa CTOJIE xapaHTepxaFi win HiiMiiexa3apCHHx Teppac AnmepoHCHOro HO-
JIyOCTPOBa u 6oaee ceBepimIX yIaCTHOB HaBHa3CHOro no6epeHCba TeMHafI,
xopoino of aTaHHaa raja i{a. B TO Me BpeMFI HpOHCXOJ[IJIO HaioiniesIIe IIecLIaHO-
raJleuHHicoBhIx oTJIO1HeIInii IV H III Teppac Tepena.
B HHH{HeM HOBOJIMbO i OpMnpOBaJIHCb cHIIrwibCHHe IIec1IaHO-rJ1IIHI3cTMe
aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbie H aJIJIIOBHaJIbHO-AeJIbTOBbie OTJIO?HeIIHH, HOTOpble B IO}HHOI
tfaCTH HepeCJlaHBaJIHCb c MOpCICHM1 OCaJ RaMx (HoraxoBHa).
B. H. PpnuyH (1952, 1954) o6Hapy fwJI B C1IHr1IJIbCHFIx OTJIOSICeHII'ux
HbIJIhAy ApeBeCHOii paCTIITeJIbHOCTI TaeHfHOrO xapa1Tepa, yHa3LIBaiOWyio
Ha npOXJIaAHTIH (HJIFI game XOJIOAHbIH) H BJIaMHnIIi HJIFiMaT 3Toro BpeMeHn.
06HJIbiioe HoCTylJieHIIe B Haciui ic1yio BHaRHHy TeppHrexxoro MaTepHaaia
1,13 BbICOHOrOpHLIX O6JIaCTeH HaBHa3a If CpeAHeii A3HH MOH{HO, HO-BIIAHMOMy,
CBf13}IBaTb C Ta}IHHeM ropHOrO JIe)HHUa FI BbIHOCOM i JIIOBHOTJi1I;naJIbHbIX
Bog. ECTb OCHOBaliIIe IIpeAnojiaraTm IIO3TOMy, iITO IIepBaa IIOJIOBHHa Xa3apcHOro
BeHa OTHOCHnaCb ewe H HOHI[y OJIeA0HeHHn. CyJs no xapasTepy OTJIOSHeHHR
uapauymenoR arlJnoBHaJIbHOLi CBHTbI, 3T0 BPOM1 xapaHTepH3OBaI0cb Ao--
BOJIbHO CyXIIM HJIHMaTOM B 3OHe IIyCTbIHb H HOJIylyCTblHb.
B HOHI(e HnHCIIeXa3apcuoro BpOMenH, BIIAHMO B CBa3n C yCHJIOHHOM Cy-
XOCTH H IIOBuineHIIeM TeMnepaTyp B039yxa, IIOCTeneHHO yMeHbmaJICa peci-
HOII HPHTOH B HaCIIHii. e3T0 B 6OJIbineJI Mepe OTIIOCHTCJ H paBHHHHhIM peuaM.
TO HacaeTCs peH CHerOBoro (JIeAHHUOBOrO) HHTaHHs, Has HaBHa3CHHe pesH
H Hpa-Amy-Lapba, TO yMOHbmeHne CTOHa B HHX Ha6JIIOAaeTCa HeCHOJIbuo
IIo3?He. OAHOBpeMeHHO CO CHn?uOHneM BOAHOrO B3Hoca B HaCHHFICHyio BIIa
AHHy H C yBeJIILi0HHOM HCIIapeHFla C ero 3epuaiia HaqHHaeTCn McAJIeHHaa, HO
HeyRJIOHHaa perpecc is MOpa, HOTOpaH B CaMOM HOHge nepBoii nOJIOBHHbI
xa3apCHOrO Bella IIpHBO) IIT H TOMy, LITO 6eperOBaa JIHHHH 6buia pacnoJlo7HeHa,
BHJ[HMO, BHyTpH COBpeMeHHoro HOHyca Mopa.
B 10pBOiT IIOJIOBnHe xa3apcHoro Beua cYW CTBOBaJia AOBOJIhHO cBo60AHaa
CBa3b c COCe/HHM ApeBHe3BHCHHCHHM 6acceiHOM.
B pe3YJ1bTaT0 perpeceHH Mopa, B yCJIOBHHX CyXOFO H Tenjioro HJIHMaTa,
IIpOHCXOJ>;IIJIO IIOCTeHeHHOO oo'IIgee OCOJIOHeIIHO Mopa. IIoHH?ueHHe ypOBH$
Mopa, IIO-BH)HMOMy, HeHOTOpoe IIOAHHTIIO B o6JiaCTH MaHbIgCnorO BOAopa3AeJia,
CBa3aHHOO C BO3AbIMaHHeM CTaBpOIIOJIbCHOH BO3BMIIieHHOCTn, IIpiBOJ[HT'
cnauaJIa u gaCTIILIHOII, a 3aTOM H i HOJIIIOiI H3OJISAH11 Xa3apcHoro HaCIIHi 0's
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6oJlee mHpoxoMy pacceiieHHio rpynnbi Didacna crassa E i c h w. (D. naliv-
kini W a s s.) H IIo}BJIOHHIO D. surachanica A n d r u s. HanpoTHB, mHJieBa-
Tbie H TpeyroJtbHbie MOJIJIIOCHH rpyIIIIbl D. trigonoides P a 11. H 6JiinHne
H HHM (opMLI cOXpaHHIOTCH, HO-BHAHMOMy, JIffiIIb B OrpaHHTIOHHNX yuaCTHax
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3apcHaa TpaxcrpeccHa. Ho CBOHM pa3MepaM oHa 6blJia Meiibme npeAIIIeCTBO-
BaBlIIeii HH?HHexa3apCHOi3 TpaxcrpeccHa, HO 3aHHMaeMaH eio IIJIOJgaAb IIpe-
BocxoAHJia COBpeMOHHLIII Hacrniii.
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B H1I3MOHHOCTIIX COBepxoro H CeBepo-3anaAHoro HpnuaCIIHs, 3aHaBHamba,
3anaAHoi TypHMeHIU1. B IIepBOM CJiyIao mope 3aXOAFIJIO CeBepHee IIIIIpOTbi
03. 14HAep n, BHAHMO, IoHCHee BaCHyMIaHa. Ha BOCTOHe OHO OMbIBaJIO HOA-
HOHCba CeBepuoro LIlHHa YCTIOpTa B paiIOHe MaH-Cy-AJiMa3 H Tioa-MyioH-
4anHe. BosibniHe IIJIOII;aAH 6biJI1 3aTOIIJIeHbI B TepCHo-HyMCH0i1 H HypilH-
CHOII HH3MeHHOCTax. B 3auaAiioi3 riaCTu IfpaCHOBOAcHoro nOTIyOCTpOBa H
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO36200010012-6
B IIpHKacinicIoR 1-1113MellHocTll 101 o-3aI1aAHOii TypHMeHHil Mope 3aHI4MaJIo
OTHOCIITeJIbHO. HeIHHpoIiyIo 1Tor1oey. B O6JIacTH Napa-Bora3-FOJIa H MaHrbIHI-
JiaKa Or1OpTaHHH 6eperoiio JIYIIIHH Toro 13peMeHH HOrITII He OTJIHIIaJ[HCb OT
eoBpeMeHIIbIX.
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aHuyMyJIHuHH MaTepllaJla B 11pI{6pem.iio 30H0, IIeMy npOAIHOCTI30BaJia aHep-
rrIliHaH a6pa311H Hl4?IuIexa3apcHHx ti 60Jree ApOBHHX OV-10 ICeHIT I. BJJ,oJIb
Ilo6epeacba MallrbllTJlaiia H IcpaCIIOBOj eHoro HOJIyOCTpOBa T1 O14CXOA IJIO
HaRoujieIIHe IIpH6pe?IcHblx paKyIHe111F114KOB H TOCKOB, KOTOpJIO (OpMHpyIOT
riepecbrnl[ H KOCbl. Talc o6pa3yioTCa Hepecblmi Hapa-Bora3-I oBia, 3ariaAHoro
6epera Upacnol3oAcuor0 1loayocTpol3a, HpacHOBo cICaH Roca. Ha MaHrLnn-
HaKe ( OpMIlpoBaJlllci~ Hp116peHKIible aHKyMyJIaTHBHbIO (opMbl Io}ICxee Mblca
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iOIIrJIOMepaTbl oTMC1ie.[)1A BAOJib AarecTalICUOro 11o6epe?ICbH H HHa AHIHCpol1CKoM
HOJIyOCTp013e, HOTOJ)blit B TO BpeMa IIpCACTaBJIHJi co6oll o6HIHpHyIO OTMeJIb
(6aimy), i'Ae H[J[O IlalcorJleiHe ripu6peHuuix ocaAKOB. AHa1[ornullaa aKUyMy-
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B o6JIaCTII IO?IBIOl'O Hacuirn, BCJleACTBHe CHegu04IieCKHx (1H31IKo-reo-
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H ocaAiirl BTOrO BpellenH BbIpaalceITM TaM B HHOII, BHAHMO, r[ecllalIO-rJIHHHCTOII
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BAOJIb 6epera iioc H nepeciirieiI MOrJIH 6bITb CBH3aHbI C AJIHTeJIbnOIT CTa6H-
JIH3a1(HeII ypOBIIH MopI1, COIIpOBOJI AaBIHeHCa AOBOJIbHO IIaCTbIMH, HO BeCbMa
He3HaIIHTeJIbHLIMH KoJ1e6aHHHMH, c 0611 CH TeHAeHHTHeH H perpeCCHH. Hago
HOArIepKHyTb OTIIOCI{TCJIbHO MaJioe y'IaCTHe rpy6oo6JloMOl3xoro MaTepiaHa
B OTJIO?KelHHX 3TOI'O 13peMOIIH ace Ila IZaBKa3e, IITO, I-ICCOMHOHHO, CTOHT
B CBa3H C McTIMUHM 110C'ry1IJIeHHeM TeppHreHIIOro MaTepiaJia, HO CpaBHOHIIIO
C HH?KHOXa3apCKHM BpeMCIIeM, 13 pe3yJibTaTe YMO1IbIHCHHa peuHOro (c rO
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LITO B yCJIOBHHX C3X01'o u a1apKOro KJIHMaTa BTOpoI3 HoJIOBHHbI H IfoIIr a xa
3apcicoro aoia, KorAa B np 16pemiioR IIOJ10Ce MOpa o6HTaJIH MacciIBHbIO H
Kpy1Hble paROBHiBbi Didacna nalivkini W a s s., D. surachanica A n d r u s.
H AP. H OTJiararutcb oOJIHTbI, Ha 6eperax ()opMHpoBarineb Kpacxo-6ypble
3aCOJleHIIb1e OCaAKH, CBOACTBeHIIble o6JIaCTHM C aPHAHLIM KJIHMaTOM.
CTCHHble it 1IOJiyllyCTbIIlHbIO IIpOCTpaHCTBa CeBepHOrO HpHKacmii
B TO BpeMa 6bin.11 3acoj[elibl MJIeKomsTaIoIr uMH, COCTaBJIHIO11 HMH TaK Ha3bI-
BaeMbI)'I BOJIaKCKHH, I1JIIr Xa3apCKHH KOMHJIOKC (Elephas trogontherii, Bison
priscus var. longicornis, Camelus knoblochi H rip.), HOTOpLIe o6HTaJHH ripe-
HMy11ZeCTBeHIIO BAOJIb AOJ[BH Pen. IIo3TOMy HoHHTHO, 11TO KOCTHLIe OCTaTHH
BTHX IHHBOTIIhIX BCTpolialOTCH rJIaBHbIM o6pa3OM B aJIJIIOBHaJ1bHbix (Tlepxo-
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o611TaJI TaK Ha36IBaeMbi1I 6HIlaraAHIICKHii HOMIIJIeHC cJ)ayxbl Ho3BOHOgHblx,
B KOTOPOM BeC11Ma 6oJIhIIIyiO pOJIb HrpaJIH IIIIOACTaBII:TOJIH (J)ayHbl 113 HpaHa,
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CTbIHHbIX HpOCTpaHCTBax 3a1IaAHoii TypliMeHilrI, BAOJIL IIpOTOKOB AeJILTbl
HCCaxa lfleii Ilpa-Amy-J(apbH, 061ITaJIII CJ[OHbI Tima Elephas wiisti M. P a v 1.
(Hesperoloxodon). BCporTllo K 3TOMy Me BpOMel-IH OTHOCHTCI pacnpocTpaxe
HHe B HH3MeHIIbIx HapalcyMax cTpaycoB, ciiOpJlyrla HHIl HOTOpblx 66IJIa
Haiir eiia B. 13. IliyMOBbIM (JHHlirroo coo61geHHe).
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cnoro Beiia, u uoi-ii>;y xa3apclioro BpeMeHH noCTeneHHO 3aTyxainH,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HpOHBJIHFICb rJIaBHbIM o6pa3oM B reodHHxJiHHaJIbxoi3 o63-IaOTH. gBHMeHHH
HepBOI3 HOJIOBHHUI xa3apcxoro Bexa HBJIHIOTCH yHaCJIeAOBaHH1IMH OT HpeArIIe-
cTBOBaBHIero 6axHHCHOrO BpeMeHH.
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ABa 6aCCeI rra - HHwHexa3apcHHi3 H Bepxxexa3apcxHH3, xoTOprie xax IIO
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6iIJIa HecxoJlbxo HHHfe, zIeM B COBPeMeHHOM IcaCHHH, Ho BpsiA JIH 6MJIa HHSICe
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HOCTH. Pa3Mepbr HHSHxexa3apcxoro MOPH IIpeBnIHIaJIH CoBpeMeHHbrg Haeriri ,
a B IIepsOA Ha16OJIbmeg TpaHCrpecc si (B HaLIaJie Bexa) IIpeBOcxogsuIH IIJIOIgagb
BepxHe6asHHcxoro 6acceI3Ha. YpoBexb Mopes B Ha'Iarle xa3apcxoro BpeMeHH
6BIJH 3HaiIHTeJILHO Bnime ypOBxsl COBpeMeHHOro Hacnus, a 3aTeM Me9JIeHHO
H HeyHJIOHHO CHHHfares, OHYCTHBHIHCh B HOHI;e HHMHexa3apcxoro BpeMeHH
HHxce coBpeMexxoro.
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poiaHHoe COJIOHOBaTOe oaepo-Mope, He HMeBmee CBJI3H C COCOAHHM
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
KapanraTCHum 6acce%iuoi. 061uafi eOJIerIOCTb ero 6bIJla HeMHOrHM 6ojnbIIIe
CoBpeMeHHol3, He He AocTHraJIa, rIO-BH FIMOMy, 14-15?/00. Pa3Mepia Bepxne-
xaaapcnoro 6accefiHa npe]blulaJln nJIoi4aAb COBpeMeHHoro Katrina rJIaBHbiM
o6pa3oM 3a CiieT 3aT0BJIeHIB IIn3MCHHOCTOH. YpOBOlib MOpa B TeneHne BepXHe-
xa3apcnoro BpeMeHYi FCnbITbIBaHI MHOrOKpaTHbie KoHe6amm, He60JIbmoiI aM-
II3IHTyAbI, c o6n eH TenAerlrne>3 K ci-InHKeiInio. B HatIaHe aTOIO BpeMerIH OR
CTOHJI HecHOJIbKO BbIIHe COBpeMeHnoro, a B KOHue OIIyCTHJICfi HHHKe ero.
HJIHMaT B HaiIaJIe nepBo IIOJIOBHHbI BeKa IIa ceBepe 6biu1 IlpoxiiaAnbiff,
a na iore yMepenHbIl.
B AaJlbHenmeM npOHCXOAnJIO IIOCTenerIHOe HapaCTaHHe TeMrlepaTyp.,
B KOHue nwnnexa3apenoro n B Bepxi-Iexa3apcKoe BpeMH B o6JI.aoTii IOHKHoro
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LIaHbIX nyCTbIHFIX TypiMellun ( OpMIIpOBaHIHCb 30JIOBble rpaAbi m: 6apxanbl.
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HHKOB, iMeBIIIIIu MOCTO B IIepBO1I noJlOBIIIIe HHHKHexa3apcnoro BpeMeHII, IIo-
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B KOHue AJI14Te1Ib1013 MOHKJIeAIIHKOBOiI anOX1 (MHHAeJIb-pHCC) IIPOHCXOAnJIO
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H pacnpoCTpalleHneM (ayHbi MOJIJIIOCKOB, a Taume o6II.[HMn uaJieoreorpa(jH-
LIeCKIIMn H KJIHMaTniIOCKHMH yCJIOBIHMII, 6bIJia Bu3Ba1Ia yBeJInileHHeM CToua,
BOA C CyuIH BO I3naAauy Hamm. HOCJIeAyIomaa perpecum Mopa CBa3aHa
C yMenbHleHHeM 3TOr0 rlpHTOKa H yBeJIHiIOHHeM ncnaperHa B yCJIOBHHX cy
xoro n TeIIJIOrO KJIHMaTa.
X B a JI bI H c u H i B 0 K. CaMoe naLIaJIO xBaJImIHCKOI'o Beifa coBHaAaJio
C HH3HHM IICJIOHKeHHeM ypOBH} HacIIHH. Cyxo n a apmnid KJIiMaT KoHua
xa3apCKOP0 BeKa CMOHHJICI IIpOXJIaAHBIM IT, BHAHMO, OTHOCHTeHIbHO BJIamHbIM
ICJIHMaTOM IIagana XBaJIbIHCKOro BeKa. Bee yCTJIHBaIOH[eeCf noHHMeHHe
EeMIIepaTyp H HOKOTOpOO yBeamieHHe BJIaHKIIOCTH B 6aeeeiiHe Hamm I1pHBejI0
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co Bcex 6eperOB Mopli, =ITO He Morao He BbM3BaTb 06pa30BaHHa BAOJIb 6epera
onpeCHenHOii 30HLI, rJe Hauanln paCCeJIRTbCH 1IpeACTaBHTeJII rpynnbi Didaena-
trigonoides P a 1 1.- peJIHKTbl HHHKxexa3apenoR l ayHbi. HOnrnnenne TeM-.
IIepaTyp H 06TuIMIOe IIOCTy1IJI0HHe npecnbIX BOA. BbI3BaJIH rH6eJIb II gaCTnL1-
Hoe nepepOHKAenne Xa3apc o t (aynbl MOJIJIIOCKOB. HelOTOpble HHHKHexa3ap-.
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ne6JlaronpHHTI-IIJM yCJIOBHnM. Bee DTO BMeCTO C BO3HHKHOBenneM HOBMX BI3-
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HOxoJIOAaHHe KJInMaTa Bbi3Bdi0 BbIMnpaHHe 6oJibIIIHIICTBa MJIelOHHTaIO-,
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Ha 6eperax Hacnna llponcxoAHJIo HarolJleHne rpy6oo6JloMogHoro, nJloxo
OKaTaHIIOrO H neCOpTHpoBaHnOro npoJl1oBHa3lbnoro MaTepnaJIa, 1IpOACTaBJIeH-
Hero rJIaBIIbIM o6pa30M MOCTHMIMH nopo aMu. B gareCTane OTJIOHKeHHs Taloro
xapaKTepa nepeupia ann MopCKne Bepxnexa3apCKHe odaAKH c Didacna su-
rachanica. HponIoBHaJIbl-IbIO raaetIHHKn HaKanJTHBaJlncb y noAHOHITHYI rop-
HbIX BO313UmeHIIOCTO13 B 3anaAHoI3 TyplMeHnn. Ha Manrblulnale if no 6eperai
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paCTHTeJILHOCTH. BJIn3KHe 110 BHOIIIHOMy B1Ay ocaAKII IIOKpNIBaIOT Xa-.
3apcxm3 aOJIOBNli rpHAOBLIiI peJlbe( IIOCHOB MamaA. HalanJIHBanIHCb
18 Tp9Abi PI4H, B. 10 273
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 HpojuoBHaJIbHble cyuecu, nAe6exb H railbia y noAHo?RHII CeBepxoro taHRa
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TpaHerpeccns AoCTHrJIa csoero MaRCHMyMa. Mope 3axBaTHJIO BCIO Hn3Mex
HOCTb CeBepHoro HpHHacnHI, IIpOHHKJIO AOBOJIbHO AaJIeRO Ha BOCTOR BAOJIb
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poRaa HpH6pex{Haa HH3MeHHOCTb H 3Ha'HTeJlbHaa gaCTb AnmlepoHGRoro
nOJIyOCTpOBa. MopCKHMH BOAaMH noRpbuuIach HypaxcKaa HH3MeHHOGTb H
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go ATpeRa.
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ApeBHero 6epera HO3BOJIHIOT npOBOAlITb rpaHiu y HaH6oJibmero pa3BEETHH
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y'aCTKOB CeBepxoro A3ep6aI3A?RaHa) HOCROJIbHO HHH{e ropH30HTaHIH +50 M
(+45, +47 M).
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ublxcRaa, HJIH ugH{HexBaJIUHcHaa) Tpaxcrpeccxa Rae'nKa, BOAbI ROTOpog
IIO'TH HoBCeMeoTHo IIepeRpbIJIH 6OJiee ApeBHHe 6anHHcnHe H xaaapCRlle oca)RH.
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Ka3, TaJIbIIII, BHAHMO, Hpaxcxoe I1o6epex{be H pauox no cpe.HeMY TegeHHlo
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Amy-,L1apbn, KoTOpaa Ha 3TOT pa3 xanpaBHJia CBOH BOAbl Cesepo-BOCTo'IHee
HapaKyMCROn IH3MeHHOCTH, BO Bna)HHy Apaiia H CapMKaMMmcRyio HOTJIO-
BHxy. HepeIIOJIHeHIIe uocJleAHeIf BN3BaJIO C6pOC BOA Aepe3 nouH?ReHHe Bepxxe-
y36ogcKOro KopHAopa B Cesepo-3anaAHble HapaKyMbl H I OpMHpOBaHHe
pyciia Ya6ofi. Mox{Ho corJlacHTbca c A. C. Hecb (1952), 'ITO CTOR no Y36oio
Ha'IaJICa Ho3AHee MaRCHMyMa paHHexBaJIbIHCKOI TpaxcrpeccHn.
HH?KHeXBaJIMHCKaa TpaHcrpeocHs IIepeHpbIJla H pa3MbMJIa Ha3eMHme OT-
JIO?KOHHH caMoro uagaula xBaJILIHCHOrO BeHa. B CeBepHOM HpFRacIIHH MopcRHe
oca)KH 3TOr0 BpeMeHH JierJIH pe3RO HeeorulacHO Ha pa3MMTYIO HOBepxxoCTb
aTeJIbcRHx cyriiHHnoB. Ha MaHrNHIJIaHe xBaJIbIHCRHe BOALI BTOprJIHCb B IIO-
HH?KeHHa ApeBHero peuibe(a 6e30TT0'IHblx BuaAHu, pa3pynIHJIH OTAedlbHI,Ie
y*IaCTKH 6epera, =ITO Hp1BeJIO K o6pa3oBaHHIO 3aJIHBOB Ha McCTe 6bIBHIHx
Bna)HH. Tau MO?KHO o6'baeHHTb cBoeo6pa3lIble oLIepTaHHs 6epera Me?RAy MIiICOM
McJIOBLIM H 6yxTOII HeHAepiiH, rge MMCbI PaKymeTlHMi3 H ToHMaR, no-BHAH-
MoMy, IIpeACTaBJIuIOT C06og coxpaxaBHineca IIepeMLITIKH ApeBHHX BnaAHu,
aaTOIIJIHBIIIHXCs ApeBHHMH TpaHerpeccHHMH Hacuna, Ha*lHHaa c 6aRHacuog
(CM. #r. 126).
Mope HHrpecCHpyeT TaRme B ApeBHHO) OJIHHLI COBepo-3anaAHoro MaHrbiIIi-
naKa. V noAHox{Hni ropHbix Bo3BbIIIIeHHOCTeIf B 3ana1xofI TypKMexHHHH?RxexBa-
JiLIHCKHe BOJIHM nepeOTJiaraJln HaHOIIHBHIHeCII IIepe) 3THM IIpOJIIOBHaJILHble
raJIe'IHHRH, BbIHOC-KOTOpbIx upo).jorix{a3ics II B nepHOA TpaHerpeccHH. B 3anaA-
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Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HOII naCTH HII3MeHabix Hapa1yMOB xBaJIbIHCKIIe BOJIHbi nepeoTJiaraJIH Bee-
name iwHojT.IeHHH xa3apcI{oII Amy-,L apbi. BTIYI3KaH I{apTHHa Ha6JII0j[aeTCa
ria KaBI3 B IOro-3anagHoii TypuMeHHH. MenxonoJjHblg
3aJIHB, pacHOJIOHfenxbIH B 3aII HOH gaCTH HH3MeHHblX HapanyMOB, 6bIJI
3aceHeH D. cristata B o g., D. ebersini F e d., Monodacna, Adacna, Dreis-
sensia, Theodoxus if JjpyrnMH KacnHIIclHMH MoJIJnn0cHaMH. XapanTep 3TOg
()1ayHbl H ee COCTaB Y BocTOLIHOI3 H loro-BOCTOHHOi3 rpaHHq 3alIHBa (FHyp)
yHa3bIBaeT Ha OTCyTCTBHe CTOKa BOA Amy-Japbn LIepe3 HH3MOHHLIe Hapa-
KyMBI B XBaJIbIHcnoM BeHe.
B loro-BOCTOgHoH gaCTH Hl nneXBaalbIHCHoro MopH cyujecTBOBaala onpec-
HeHHaa 30Ha Bo3JIe yCTbeB ATpeHa, ropraHa H Hapa-cy, rjje o6nTajia Jjo-
BOJIbHO 6ejjnag n onpecxeHHaa (ayHa MOJIJIIOCKOB Didacna cristata, Mono-
dacna, Adacna, Dreissensia.
TaHIIM o6pa3oM, B Haga310 Hnn{HexBaJimIHCKOro BpeMeHH noBceMecTHQ
oTMegaeTCH o6Hjee o6e) ueHne, a Hepeljuo H yrHOTOHHe I ayHbl MOJIJIIOCKOB,
cBl3annoe c o61ggM onpecnenneM MopH B peayslbTaTe 06HJ1bHOr0 UOcTyIIJIeHHH
B Hero IIpeCHbIX Bog c cyuin. He IIcHJIIOLIena BO3MOHMHOCTb, 'TO MaJIble pa3-
McPbi H TOHHOCTBopgaTOCTb paHoBHH MOJIJIIOCHOB O6yCJ1OBJIeHb1 Taume upo-
xJIaJjHbIM KJIHMaTOM B Haga.ue XBahIbIHCKOrO BeKa.
BeCbMa Ba?KHMM Jjoua3aTeJIbCTBOM J{OBOJIbHO XOJIOJjHbIX KJIHMaTHgeCKHx
yCJIOBFLi B CaMOM Haganie H nepBOI3 nOJIOBHHe HH?KHeXBaJIbIHcHoro BPeMeHH
HBJIHIOTCH HaxOJjHH Elephas primigenius B aTeJibcHHX OTJIO}ueHHHX, a axe
IIbIJIbIjbl JjpeBeCHOH paCTHTOJIbHOCTH TaemHorO THIIa B HHH HeM HOBOJISKbe,
o6Hapy neHHOIi (F p1gyn, 1952, 1954) Kau B caMbIX Bepxax aTeJIbcunx cy-
rJIHHKOB, Tau H B Hn3aX MOPCKHX HHIKHOXBaJibIHCHHX OCaJjKOB.
CoriiaCHO ToilKe 3peHHH B. H. FpOMOBa (1948), 3T0 noXOJIOJjaHHe 6bIJIO
CaMbIM 3HagHTeJIbHbIM 3a g0TBOPTHTJHbIH nepno)j, Tau uax C HHM CBH3aH0
BbIMIIpaHIIe TenJIOJI1o6HBoI3 BOJIMCHOII I ayHbl MJIeHOIIHTaIOnjFIX H IIOHBJIeHHe
MaMOHTa H JjpyrHX XOJIOJjOJIIO6HBbIX (JOpM. HaneO(J10p1CTHTIeCKHe JjaHHble
B. H. FpHgyxa HHCKOJIbIO 3TOMy He IIpoTHBOpegaT, a Hao6opoT, HBJIHIOTCH
ewe OJjHHM Jjona3aTeJIbCTBOM Cynj0CTBCHHOFO IIoxojioJ[aHHH B TO BpeMH?.
PaCCMaTpnBan 3BOJIIOHHIO I ayI1M KaCIIIIHCU1X MOJIJIIOCKOB B geTBepTIIg-
HOe BpeMH, MET ((DeJ;OpOB, 1949) y3Ke OTMetIaJIH BOCbMa Cyii eCTBeHHbIO pa3`-
-JIHgHH 6aHHHcHO-Xa3apcforo H XBaJIbIHCHOPO KOMIIJIOKCOB. 3J[ecb MOSKHO
rOBOPHTb Tal?KO 0 TOM, 'ITO Hau6OJlee CyweCTBeHHbIH nepeJioM B 9BOJIIOAHH
.opraHn3MOB 3a BeCb LIOTBOpTHg1IhIII nepHOJj OTHOCIITCH NO BpeMOHH IIpeAxBa-
JIbIHCHOH perpeccHH H K CaMOMy HagaJIy llepBOH IIOJIOBHHEI xBaJibIHcHoro BeKa.
AaHHLie CTpaTHrpa(HH BIIOJIHO OIIpejjeJIeHHO yKa3bIBaIOT na TO, 'TO OTMO-
.MeHHble H3MOHOHHH B Ha3eMHOH H MOpCK013 I ayHe H B XapanTepe paCTHTeJIb;-
HOCTn OTHOCHTCH H OJjHOMy reonorngecnoMy 3Tany.
HOJIb3H He O6paTHTb BHHMaHHf1 Ha TO o6CTOHTeJIbCTBO, 'TO BCO yIIOMH.-
HyTble II3MeHeHHH opranHlIecnoro MHpa, CBH3aHHMe C nepeMeHaMH B OKpy-
xcalonjeI3 cpe)je, 11POH3011IJIH B OJjHOM HaIIpaBJIeHHH H HBJI$IIOTCH B aiioJI0rH,-
geCKOM OTHOIBOHHH OJ[HO3Ha'IHLIMH. HonBJIeuHe MaMOHTa H JjPyrHX XOJIOJjO-
JIIO6HBEIX ()IOpM, pacnpocTpaneHIIe JjpeBedHOii paCTHTeJIbHOCTII TaexcHOro
THIIa JjaJieIO Ha IOr H, HaHOHe1, pe3KOe 06e)[HeHHe H H3MeJIb'OHHe (JayHbI
MOPCHHX MOJIJIIOCKOB - BCe 3T0 npOHCXOAHJTO B OJj1IH 3Tan reonnoritiecno i
HCTOpHH H COBOPIIIOHIIO onpejjeiieHHo yua31IBaeT Ha RPYIIHbII3 IIepeJIOMHnIn
MOMeHT, o3HaMeHOBaBIHIIIICH BOCbMa 3HaiIFITeJIbHbIM IIOXOJIOJ[aHHeM H He-
ROTOPbIM yBJIC}KHOHIIOM KJIHMaTa, CoIIPOBo T aBIHIIMCH MaTOPHHOBbIM K
rOPHLIM oJIeJ(eHeHHeM (CM. Ta6Ji. 10).
OCHOBbIBanCb Ha COCTaBO H o6JIHKe MOJIJIIOCKOB, HaJjo IIpeJ[IIOJIaraTI4,
'TO o6Bjan COJIOHOCTb HII?KHeXBaJibIIICKOro 6aceeiiHa B MOMeHT er0 Ha1I6oJIbmeI
TpaHcr.peccHn 6BIJIa 3Ha'HTOJIbHO HHHfe COBpeMOHHO1T If J[OCTHraJla, BHJjHMQ,
6-7%0
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HFI?KIIexBaJmIHCIon 6accoIIH B HepIIOA BbICOHOrO CTOFIHI3H CBOero ypoBHH
IIMeJI CTOH uepe3 MaHbI lCIIIIII HPOJIHB B o6iiaCTb A30BcHoro H'lepHoro i opei3
(I Hr. 126), rJ;e B 3T0 BpCMFI pacno iaraJic 6acceIH HepBOYI IIOJIOBHIIbI HOBO-
3BHCHHCHOr0 BeHa (HooJieI aparraTCHHyl), Ha BecbMa HH3ROM ypoBHe.
HOCHe cBOero MaRCHMaJlblloro pacHpOCTpaxeHi3u gO 0TMeTOH 45-47
(73-75) M ypOBOHJ rm2HHexBaJlbIHCROro MOpg HocTeneHHO CHH}HaJICH.
PerpeccHi HporrcxoJ{HJIa nopamioiiepIio ii HMeJia J;OBOJIbHO AnnHTeJIbHbie
Bagepmmi H HOJloMcriTeRbIlbie HOJI;BH?{ HH ypoBHH Ha o6H[eM I OHe ero Bce
yCxopslroruerocx CHIH?ICeHHH.
HaH6oJlee J[JIIITOJIbrHaH 3aJ(epn{Ica ypOBHSI, COUP OBomgaBBraxcx HeHo-
TOPOII TpaIICTPeCCHOH MOpJI, npOH3omHa Ha OTMOTHO 20 (48) M. B CeBepIIOM
QpuRaCHrIII C 3THM YPO13HOM CBFI3aHbi xapaHTepHble HIOHOHagHble rJTHHbI.
ISpoMe TOro, Heo6xOJiHMO yHOMHHyTb eH[e o 6oHee HH3ICOII OTMeTHe, OICOJIO
15 (43) M, Ha HOTOPOYJ YPOBexb MOp51 TaRme J1;OBOJIbHO AJIHTeJIbHO 3agepmaBlcH.
BTOpocTeneHHMe CTC 4H OTCTynaIIHH I-IHMHexBaJIbiHCRoro 6acceiHa, 3arie-
zIaTJIeHHMC B Page J[peBIIHx 6eperOBblx JIn1IIIL4, OTMeTIaJIH OTHOCHTeJILHO
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
KpaTltoBpeMellxble OCTanoBICI3 ero ypoBHH. Ha BOCTOHHOM IIo6epe)Ifbe Eac-
nHfl coxpaHHJIOCb HecHOJIbHO TaHHx ypOBHei.
Ho Mepe CHIIMeHHH ypOBHFI MOpH IIPOHCXOAHJIO ero HOCTOIIeIIHOe OCOJIO
Herne, no OTpaHfaJIOCb Ha yBeJnItiellnH pa3MepoB H TOJIMHHbI paHOBHH MWJI--
JllocxOB (c)eAopon, 1943, 1949). CyAfl no 66JIbIneH McJIKO3epHHCTOCTH OTJIO-
i eHnYI H H + HeXBaJIbIHCHOI3 perpecenn, MOHCHO IIpegnoJIaraTb, tITO IIIHpOKO
pa3BHTbIJI B IIauajie XBaJIbIHCHOro BeRa IIpoJIIoBnaJIbIIO-aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbiR CHOC
C Te*ieHHeM BpeMeHII yMenbmaiiefI II HO BTOpO1 1OJIOBHH0 HHMHeXBa2IbIneHoro
BpeMeHH AOCTIIr AOBOJIbHO Ma3IbIx pa3MepoB. B pHAO paiionoB HpOCTpaHCTBa,.
3aHHTbie IIepeA TOM BoAaMH HHHCHeXBajibIHCICOro MoplI, CTaJin apenolt Aefl-
TeJIbHOCTII petmbIX H npoJIIOBHaJIbHbIX BOA (CeBepHbII3 HpHHac1HH, HypHH-
cRafl HH3MeHHOCTb, 1Oro-3anaAHaa TypHMeIIua).
BeperOBan JIIIHnf1 MOpfi Ha rpaHHHe HIIHfxe- II B0 XH0XB JIb1HCxorO Bpe-
McHH 6bIJIa pacno iOHCeHa BHyTpH IIOHTypoB coBpeMeIlHoro Hacnnfi. CHH ne-
HKe ypoBHfl MOpH II CBf13aHHbie C HHM IIOBbIHIOHHe COJIOHOCTH H yJIyLIIIieHne-
o6HTaHHH (f ayHbl MOJIJIIOCKOB IIpOHCXOAHJIII B yCJIOBIIfIX oTHOCHTeJibHO CyxOro
H TerBioro BpeMeHn, IIO-Bn)IIMOMy, McHCJIeAHHKOBOro.
TeHTonngecnne AB1 H HHII B neJBOI`I HoJIOBHHe XBaJIbIHCICOro BeHa IIpo
fIBJIHJrncb maBHLIM o6pa3oM B reOCHHICJIHHaJIbHOI3 o6JIaCTH RacnnircKoi3
BIIaAHHbt. OAHano pa3Max 3THX ABHmeHHH 6MJI 3IIatIIITeJIbHO McHbBIe, tieM
B npeAIIIeCTBOBaBIIIIIe 6aHHHCKIIJI II xa3apciim BeHa. BepTHHaJIbHMe ABHHCe
HHf1 orpaHHgHBaJIneb McCTHbIMH IIOAHHTHfiMli (H oIIycHaHHHM1) B Haii6oilee IIO-
ABHHCHbIX ytiaCTICaX, THrOTOIOII[HX rJIaBHbIM o6pa3oM K o6JlaCTH IIOrpy1CeHIH.
IOrO-BOCTOtIHOro HaBHa3a. B 3TO BpeMH npOAOJI KaJIocL, no-BHAHMOMy, ony
cxaHHe BnayHHbI IOn HOro KacnnH, Ha tiTO yHa3bisaeT aKTHBHOCTb rpH3eBhIX
ByJIHaHOB, npHypotleHHbiX K JIHHH}IM pa3JIOMOB. Y3K0 JIOHaJIbHbie ABHHCeHIIff
IIpOHCXOAHJin TaHHCe B HOHOTOpbIX palionax CeBepnoro HpiHacIIHFI B CBH?14
C npOHBJIeHneM COJIHHOH TeHTOnnln. Ha 6oJIbnieI3 a tiaCTH HaerIii cHOI3
o6JIaCTH ABHHCOHIIH 6bIJIH HaCTOJII,HO He3Ba4lTeJlbHbi, 'TO He CKa3aJIHCb game-
Ha Ae4opMa1IHnx ApeBHHX 6eperOBbIX JIIIHHJ IIOpBOH IIOJIOBHHbI xnaJlbinCHCOro?
Berea.
AaJree CHOBa yCIIJIIIJICfi IIpolnonnaJIbHO-aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbIH CHOC II IIOCTyIIJIeHHe BO BIIaAHHY RacuuH BOA C cyIIIH B cBH3H C HeICOTOpEIM 06MFIM IIOXO
JIOgaHHeM H yBJIa}HHeHHeM HJiHMaTa. B 3anaAHOH TypHMeHHII IIpOJIIOBHaJIb--
Hbie BOAbI pa3MbIBaJIII raJIO'HHHOBbIO Teppacbi if 6eperoBbie BaJIiI HHHCHexna-
JIbiHCHorO BpeMeHH II 3p03HOHHhIe Bpe3bl BbIIIOJIHfJIHCb 6oJiee MOJIOAMIMH IIpo-
JIIOBHaJIbHbIMH HaROrIJIeHHfIMJ. CIIJIOIIIHOII 1OKpOB HHHCHeXBaJIbiBcHHx ocaA-
110B B 1Oro-3anaAHOii TypRMeHIIH pac'TJieHFIJICH IIpOTOKaMH ATpeHa. B pn)e'
AOJInH Cenepo-3anaAHOro MaHrbllmJlaRa oTMetiaeTCfi rJIy6oiinI3 Bpe3 B Tep-
paconbie IIOBepXHOCTH nepBoI3 IIOJIOBHHbI XBaJILIHCHoro BeICa H B ICOpeHHbIC'
nopoAbl H nocJleAyiomee 3a1OJIHeHHe 3po3IIOH11Ibix JIOHC61H cHa'laJla rpy6BIMH,
a AaJfee - Bce 6oJiee TOHHO3epHHc,rbIMH aJiJiloBHaJlbno-npoJIIoBHaJlbxtIMH
oTJloHCeHIIfIMn. 3HatII3TelmHo0 OHGIBJIOHFIe IIpOJIIOBI3aJibxo-aJIJIioBHaJILHora
CHOCa H pa3MhIB H1HCHeXBaJIMIHCHHX Teppac Ha6JIIoAaJlncb Ha KaBHa3CH0M
Iio6epenCbe. B CeBepHOM HplHacnrH npOIICXOAWJI Bpe3 petIHbix AOJIHH. Ha
BOAOpa3AOJIbHbIX IIpOCTpaHCTBax IJOPMHpOBaJIHCb Ha3eMHble (eHOTaeBCHHe)
ocaARn.
HoxoJIoAaHIIe m yBJIaHCIIeHHe HJIHMaTa 11 CBH3aHHOe c 3TI4M yBeJiHtleHHe-
IIOCTyIIJIeHHfI B Kacnnl3 BOA C CYIIIH H yMenbIHeHHO 1CIIapeIIHfi c 3epxaiIa Mopa,
IIp1BeJIO H TpaiicrpeecnH. BTO 3HaMOlOBaJ1O HatiaJlo HOBOI3,BepXHeXBaJIbIHCHOII
(a3bi pa3BHTHfL xnaiIbIHCHOrO 6accefiHa.
B nepnyio IIOJIOBHHY BepXHeXBaJILIHCHOrO BpeMeHH TpaHCrpeccl1n AOCTII-
rJIa HaH60JIEIIIero pa3BHTHfi. YpOBeHb MOH UOAHHJICH go a6COJIIOTHOII OTMOTKII'
o1OJi0 -1, -2 M, T. e. pacuo iaraJicn Ha 26-27 M Bbime coBpeMeHHoro
Kacnnfl. Ho CBoeIi IIJIOIImaAn BepxIleXBaJlbIHCHHI3 6accefiH 3Ha'I1TOJIhHO ycTy-
naJI HIIHiHeXBaJIbIHCHOMy. MopeM 6MJIH 3aHHTbi noHIin{ennble tiaCTH Cenepxoro,
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
1IplLaeuxa, TepcHo-RyMclcoi-i _HFI3MOI-IHOCTH, Hetunpoxaa uoJioca BAoJib KaB-
Ha3CHOr 0 lo6epe?HbFI. 13 o6JIaCTH NypHHCHOII HH3MeHHOCTH Mope 3aXOAHHO
.AOBOJIbIIO iaaeI o B npeAwwIbi cylIH. Y31;asi noJioca upu6peMHOII H113MeHI-IOCTIi
uoHpbIBaJIaCb MOM Ha HeIIICOpaticlioM H HpaHCKOM H06epembnx. 3HaglllTeJib-
Hble HpoCTpaHCTBa 6biJIH 3a1IHTbI MO OM B HH3MeHHOII HIaCTH FopraHcHo i npo-
BHHAIIH Hpaua H B ripeAeJlax IIpnIKaCHHHCKOA HH3MeHHOCT11 IOro-3anaAHo
TypHMeHHII. BepxneXBaJIbIIICI oe mope IlHrpeCCIIBIIO 3aXOAHJio B IIOHH-
7fieHHe AoJiHHbi Y36oH, BepOfrTHO AO pauoila o3ep TonllaTa. B HpeAeaiax Hpacno-
BOACHOro HOJIyOCTpOBa Mope IIOKpbIBaJIO TOJIbRO 3arlaAHy1O, HaH6OJlee H143MeH-
HyIO ero TIaCTb. Ha no6epe?Kbe MaIIrbIHIJIaIia H B o6JiacTH Napa-Bora3-I'OJia
Mope 3aTO1lJIHJIO JIHIHb HO1I1IM01IHble y=IaCTKH, a Ta1?Ke BTOprJIOCb BO BnaAHHbi
AII[H-Cop, Haparle, B AOJIHHbI CeBepo-3auaAHoro ManrbmHi1iala H 6e3oTTOiI-
ubie BnagHHM B paIIoHe BeHAaina 14 CapTaca. Ha H-oBe By3aiIH MopeM 6bIJi13
3aH1TbI II143MCIIIIble yt1aCTKH. NOIITypbI MOH B OCHOBHbIX *IepTax COBnaAaavf
C HyJIeBOil ropH3onTaJIbIO COBpOMOIIHOrO peJlbelJ1a, Ha ypOBHe HOTOpOH Mope
CTOFIJIO AOBOJIbHO AJIHTOJlbH1oe I3peMFI.
B COCTaB(3 I)ay1lbl MOJIJIIOCKOB rOCHOACTByIOI900 HoJlo?KeHHe B rlpeieJiax
Bcero 6accelmHa 3aI1rIMaJia rpynna Didacna praetrigonoides. D. protracta
K He1OTOpble ApyrHe 4OpMbI HctIe3JiH. BepxnexBaJibIHcIan I ayila He HeCOT
c31e)OB yrileTeHHH, HO ee BHAOBOII COCTaB BecbMa 6eAeH. B 60RbnIHHCTBO CJIy-
gaeB n36JIIoAaeTCFI Aa?He oTHOCkITeJIbiiaH 6eAHOCTb ero no cpaBHeHHIO C IIH}KHe-
XBaJILIHCKHM HOMIIJIOHCOM I)ay1ibl. OHa HpeACTaBJieIia rJI BHbIM o6pa3oM
D. praetrigonoides N a 1., IIOTOMHOM HHMHeXBaJibIHCKHX D. cristata B o g.
(=D. praetrigonoidesvar. cristata B og.), pe?Ke - D. subcatillus A n d r u s.,
.a TaKate Monodacna, Adacna, Dreissensia, Gastropoda. B pageAoJIHIi Ceaepo-
3anaAHOrO Maiirbinljiai a npoAoJD?ICaJIH o6HTaTb IIH?KHeXBaJIbIHCHHe D. zhukovi.
B HOpJOA MaHCHMaJIBHOFO paCHpOCTpaHeHHH BepxxexBaJlblHCKOro MOp1
4aylla MOJIJIIOCHOB 6MJIa HpeACTa13JIeHa OTHOCHTOJIbHO He6OJlbHIHMH paKOBH-
HaMH Didacna. He Mepe perpeccini Mopes paHOBHHM CTaHOBHJIHCb KpyliHee
II BO BTOpyIO HOJIOB14HY BepxHexBaJIMHCKOrO BpeMeHH AOCTHraJIH 3HaLIHTeJib-
HMX pa3MepOB. C TpalIerpeccHe13 Mopes CBH3aHa a6pa3na 6eperoB B HpeADilax
NaBHa3a, MaHrMIIIJIaHa H B page yziacTKOB 3anaAHoII TypiMeHHH.
IIocJleAyion aH perpeccHH BepxHexBaJIMHCB:oro MopH IIpollcxoAHJIa He-
paBHOMepHo, C AOBOJIbHO npOAOJI?HHTeJIbHbIMH OCTaHOBKaMH, COHpOBO?KAaBIHH-
MHCH H IIOJIOMHTOJIbHbIMH n0ABI1?HHaMH ypoBHFI. OCHOBMBaaCb Ha IIpeHpaCHO
coxpaHHBHIuIXCH ApeBHHX 6eperoBMx JIHHHFIX DTOrO Mopa, MOM HO rOBOpHTb
10 AByX TaJHX 3aAepaHKax OTCTy1aBluero BepXHeXBaJILIHCKOro MOPFI Ha ypOB-
HHX -12 (16) H -16 (12) M, He CqHTaH ypoBHH ero MaRCHMaJrbxoro paCHpOCTpa-
HeHHfI. HpOMe TO1O, H CaMOMy KOHJ y aToro BpeMeHH HaAO OTHeCTH HH3KOe
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
IIplBeHIo H IIoaBJIeHHIO B IIpH6peHUIOii IIOJIOCe McJIHOBOAeg psiga D idacna, Hpej-
cTaBJIIIIOHAHx co6oii, HO-BHA:LMOMy, POJIHHTMI xa3apcioro Bexa. BMeCTe c
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B pnAe paIiOHOB pacceJifiiOTCfi D. crassa E i c h w., D. baeri G r i m m.
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280
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
CHBHOYI IlalpaBJI01I-IOCTH ypoBHFI MOpH, IIOCJIe ero Ma1fcHMaJlbxoro HoRHaTIIH.
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HocTeuenHoe oCOJIOHeHHe MopR, AOCTHrIHee CoBpeMeHHhIx BeawgHH. XBaJIbIH-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
3gecb HOT B03MOHcHOCTH OCTaHaBJIHBaTbCH HOJ>;p06HO Ha BOnpOCe O Cn0-
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6pOH30BOMy BeRy (BO BCNHOM CJIy1ae, He paiee ROHga HOOJIHTa) HJ1H gaiice
cepej;HHe IIepBorO ThICH1OJIOTHH go HanieH apbl, T. e. COBnaj{aeT C nOHBJIeHHOM
'IeJI0Begeciwro 06mOCTBa. Taicoe COBHageHHo Bp1j; JIH CJIy1aiiH0. OHo n03-
BOJIHOT Hpej[IIOJIaraTb, LITO 3aHOC C. edule H3 TIepnoro Mopes B KaCnuIi Mor
6MTb ocyigeCTBJIOH C HOMOMbIO gejioBeRa.
KaioBbF 6LIJIH 06CTOHTOJIbCTBa, BbI3BaBHIHO STY naCCHBHy1O MHrpaB;Hio,
rOBOpHTb BeCbMa 3aTpyAIIHTeJlbIIO.
BepOJITHee BCOPO, 3geCb HMOJI MOCTO CJIy1aI4HbIII 3aHOC SRHBLIX paROBHH
BMOCTe C APyrHMH CleJSO6HbIMH MOJIJIIOCICaMH, HO-BiagHMOMy, MHAHHMH. OAHaio
a RRJIHMaTH3HpOBaJICH H paCCOJIHJICH B KacnHH TOJIbRO C. edule RaR HaH60JIee
3BpHraJIJIHHHbII1 opranH3M.
KameTCH Bep0HTIIbIM, LITO npOHHRHOBeHHe C. edule B Kacuhii ylca3aniMM
CII00060M IIPOH301HJIO y1Re B IIepHOg HaTiaJia TpaHerpeccHH IIoBOlcacrHrIcioro
MOps, B yCJIOBHHX OTHOCHTeJ[bIIO 60JICO np0XJIaj;H0r0 H BJIa1RHOr0 RJIHMaTa,
CMeHHBBIero apii nie yCJIOBHH 31IOXH, Hpej;IHeCTBOBaBHIeII perpeccHH.
TaRHM o6pa3OM, Hwial1O HOBoRacmHlicIOro BeRa o3HaMeHIOBaJIOCb mHpo-
RHM pacce ieHHeM Didacna crassa E i c h w., D. baeri Grimm H D. trigo-
noides P a l 1., a 3aTOM H Cardium edule L.
OCHOBbIBaHCb na XapaICTep0 aJIJIIOBHaJIbHbIX H IIpOJIIOBHaJIbHbIX OTJIO)ice-
HHH, 3aJleraI01I[IIX B OCIIOBaIIHH HOBouacnHHCRI4x MOpcIHX OcajIICOB, MOHCHO
rOBOPHTb 0 3HaLIHTCJIbHOM HOCTyIIJIOHHH B01 C CyIIIH HenOCpejjCTBeHHO II.epea
HOBOICaCIIH1ICROH TpaHCrpeccHeI3. CJIej[oBaTeJlbno, yCJIOBHN cyxoro u map#Soro
RJ113MaTa a10XH perpeccix- Kac1 HH CMeHHJIHC} '6n3lee
2&
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
HpoxJIaAHbIMI H BJIaHCHbIMH. 3HaLIHTedlbHoe IIOCTyIIJIeHHO peLIHbIx 1309 BO BIIa-
AHHy Hacuna H yMeHLineHHe HcuapeiHS BII3BaJIH TpancrpeccHlo MOpx. Ypo-
BeHb MOpH IIOBJICBJICH OT -40 go -21 M (B a6COJIIOTHNX OTMeTHax), T. e.
WITH Ha 20 m.
TpancrpeccHH Mops IIpoacxoAHJia HepaBHOMepHo n couposoxcgaJlacb
CTa6HJIH3aLj4eI3 ypOBHS H, HecOMHeHHO, (a3aMH perpeeCHn Ha o6meM (,One
TpaucrpecdnH. HeHOTOpble H3 3THX OCTaHOBOH ypOBHS (Bo3Momiio, rJIaBHenIIIIHe)
3aue,iaTJIeI3bi B BHge 3aTOIIJleHHblx ceI3gac 6eperoBMx JIHHHI3 Ha rJIy6HHax
12-13, 8 H 4 M. 8uoxa TpaHcrpeccHH Mops, T. e. BCH BTOpas IIOJIOBHHa HO-
BoKaCIIHgCHOro Bella, OTHOCHTCH ynfe H HCTOpHilecxoMy BpeMeHH. B pe3yJlb-
TaTe nog'beMa ypOBH0 MOH Ha 5,5-6 M BbIIIIe coBpeMexxoro ypOBHH (go
-22, 3) 6bIJIH 3aJIHTJI TOJIbKO AOBOJIbHO y3HHC HH3MeHHble y'IaCTRH IIo6epe EbH.
JIHmb Ha Haa6oiiee OTMeJIbIX H HH3MOHHbIX 6eperax mope 3aXBaTHJIO OTHO-
CnTeJILHO 6oJIbmHe ujioi [agn. HO CBOIIM OTIepTaHHHM HOBOHacIIHHCKHH 6ac-
CeHH B OCHOBHOM HaIIOMHHaii COBpOMOHHOO HacnHHcKoe Mope IIpH BLICOHOM
CTOHHHH ypOBHH B 1929-1930 r. Bowiee rniy6oxoe BTOPMeHHe Mops Ha6JIIOga-
Jlocb B 3auaAHoi3 TypnMeHHH, rgeCOJIOHgaH HeJIbnOp IIpegcTaBJISJI co6oi3 Mop-
cnyio JlaryHy. Kapa-Bora3-I'OJI 6bIJI B 3HaqHTeJIbaoIi CTeneHH OTHpNTbIM MOp-
CHHM 3aJizBOM, JIHHib gaCTHgHO OTFOpomeHHhIM OT Mops 6apaMH. Ha Maurbl-
HIJIane, Ha MOCTO BuaAIIHbi AwH-Cop.H cOJleHbix o3ep Napa-HyJIb cyw$eCTBOBaJIH
3aJI1dBM. Bo BIIaAHHy Haparae 6bIJl He3HagHTeJlbxbin CTOH HOBonacnHYICHHX
Bog iepe3 OBpar Awn-Can. B MenlnonOAHOM cOJIeHOM o3epe, 3aHHMaBIIIeM
Han6oHee IIoHHHfeuxyio giacTb gHa 9TOi3 BIIagaHbl H paduonomeHHOM 6ouiee
LIeM Ha 100 M HHHfe ypOBHH HosonaclrI3cHoro Mopes, o6HTaJin McJIHHe H yrHe-
TeHHbie Cardium edule L. MopeM 6bIJIH 3aHSTmI TaHH(e HaH6OJIee HH3MeHHble
upocTpaHCTBa no 6eperaM CeBepuoro Hacuns H B BocTOguoll gaCTH HypaH-
CHOn H113MeHHOCTa.
CCHOBIJBaSCb Ha o6weg nanIeoreOrpa(MHgeCHol 06cTaHOBHe Ho3gue- H
noc1IennegHHHOBOrO BpeMeHH B CeBepnog EBpoue H Ha HJIHMaTHgeCHOM pesui e
Toro BpeMeHH, MOH{HO npeguo iaraTm,'ITO CyxOH H mapICHH HJIHMaT, C HOTOpMIM
6snio cBn3ano Ha3KOe CTOJIHHe HaCIIHFi B IIpegioBOHaCIIHncnoe BpeMH (((Man-
rbiII[JIaHcHaH CTagHH))) MOP OTBegaTb BTOpOi3 IIOJIOBHHe aTJIaIITHgecnoro Bpe-
MeHH H cy66opeanbnoMy BpeMeHH 6aJITHiicuog reoxpOHOJlorngecHOI3 muaiim.
PacnpocTpaneHHOe B JlazepaType MHOHHe 0 TOIIJIOM H BJIaHfxoM RJIHMaTe aT-
.TIaHTHgecsorO BpeMeHH OTHOCHTCH H ceBepHBIM H OTgaCTH H CpegHHM IIIH-
poTaM. HaupoTYIB, HOBbImOHHe cpeguerogoBLIx TeMnepaTyp B o6JIaCTH Hacnns
gOJIHfHO 6b1 H0 IIOHH3HTb BJIa?HHOCTb H y?HJIHT' HcnapeHHe.
A. B. IIIHHTHHHOB (1949, 1951) cuJloneH COHOCTaBJIHTb 3IIOxy cyxoro
H Teinioro HJIHMaTa B cpegHHx mHpOTax c cy660peaJILHbIM BpeMeneM, xapaHTe-
pH3oBaBIHHMCJI TaHH{e CyXHM H TeIIJIbIM KJIHMaTOM B o6JIaCTH BaJITHHCHoro
Mops. Hcxogs in HpnBegeHHblx BhIIIIe paccynCgennH H OCHOBbIBasCb Ha pa6o-
Tax A. B. fHnTHHKOBa H Apyrnx, MOMHO IlpegrOJlaraTb, 'ITO perpeccHS llamas B Hanoli-To Mepe coBnagaiia c o6wHM nOTeuJIenneM
KJIHMaTa B aTJIaHTHgecxoe H ey66opeauIbHOe BpeMS, T. e. B a6coJIIOTHOI3 xpo-
nouIorHgecxon mnaiie nponcxognJia o ouo 4000-5000 JIeT Ha3ag (JleoHTbeu
H (DegopOB, 1953).
ECTeCTBeuHO II03TOMy, 'TO CJIegyIowas, HOBOHaCnHHcHas TpaHcrpeccHfl
(( 1Hr. 128) oTHOCIITCH y me u HCTOpHgeCKOMy BpeMeHH. HpII 3TOM BIIOJIHe
BepOSTHO, 'TO B npor ecce 3TOII TpancrpeccHH, ewe go HwiaTia Harnero JneTO-
gcgnc IeHHa, ypoBeHb Mops gOCTHraJI 3HagnTeJIhHOI3 B}ICOTbI, 6JIH3HOH
H OTMOTKO-22 M. HO-BHgHMOMy, 3TO MOrJIO nponCxognT)~ OHOJIO 2500_-
3000 JIeT Ha3ag (Bepr, 1934; HOBaJleBcHHA, 1939; reuIJlep, 1949).
B Ba'IAuueHawero JIOTOHCgHcJIeHns ypoBeHbHacnHFZ CTOSIJI Hn3HO,,I[pnMepHo
V a 4 M uHH{e coBpeMenHoro. (((gep6.eHTciau CTaAH}> no 0. It JleoHTbeBy a
B gaJ;r segwei upeo6Jiagaua Tpanorpecc )4apg, $.o. $peM9 itorQp4k iQ-
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
COMHCHHO IIMeJIH MecTO oCTaIIOBHH H HoHII?HeHHH ypOBHfI. B XVI B. HameI3
apM, coriiacno pa60TaM A. B. MHHTHHHOBa (1949, 1951), ypoBel-1j. Mops CTOHJI
AOBOJIbHO BLICOHO. OAnaHO IIanIbICIIIHH ypOBeHb, 110-BHj;HMOMy, 6bIJr B- Hagajle
XIX B. (1800-1804 rr.), 'ITO CJIegyeT H3 paCCMOTpeIIHH CTapbIX MOpCHHX HapT
H reoJIorHLIecHHx gaIl1Ibix ((1)cgopoB, 1951; JIeoHTbeB H (I)eAopoB, 1953)'.
,L[aJIblIeiaHlas cygb6a HacnHfr HpogonpeAeJiena ero reorpa[1HUecHH14I IIO-
JIon eHHeM HaH 3aMHIIyTOrO o3epa-Mopes, pacnoJion eHHoro B 3aCYHIJIHBOH
o6JIaCTH, ypoBeHb HoTOporO BCeJJeJ1O 3aBHCHT OT IIOCTyIIJIeHHH B Hero BOA
C cyIIin (r3IaBI-ITIM o6pa30M CTOH BoJirH). BOJIbIHHHCTBO COBOTCHHX HJIHMaTOJIO-
r0B H rHgpo oroB CLIHTaIOT, TITO IIe6JIarorJpHHTHble yCJIOBHH, BbI3bIBaIOIIUHO
IIporpeCCHpyIowee CnIBHeHHe ypOBHfI HaCIIHS, B jiaJIbHe1IHIeM CoXpaHnTCH.
Bonpocbl corioCTaBRO1111fI ileTBepTHr3HOH HCTOp1IH Hacnni'CHoro H LIepHoro
MOpel JIBJIgIOTCfl eir e B 3HaWITOJIb1OH CTeneHH Hepa3pellieHHbIM14 H B 6ojIbIHHH-?
CTBe CJryLIaeB CIIOpI-IbIMH. IIO3TOMy HMeIou HeCH B HaIJOM pacuopnn eHHH Ma-
TepHaJmJ II03BOJIHIOT j;aTm JIHHIb 1303MOMHYIO CXeMY CHHXpOHH3aIZHH OTAeJIL-
HbIX MOMOHTOB HCTOpHH aTHX MOpel, HO IIpeTOHj(YIOMYIO Ha IIOJIHOTy, XOTiI
BO MHOrOM onHpaIOH;yIOCH Ha j[OCTOBepHEIO reo.IOrngeCHHe j[aHHble (Ta6JI. 9),
1 Ceix ac MM OTHOCITM MaxcnMyM H0B0HaCI]HI3CI1OLi TpaiierpeccHR It:-:6oJiee pai iieMy,
BpeMeHH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Ta6nnx a 9
CxeMa:BepoaTnoro coaocmaBnenna reonorneecnou nCTOprH ilepnoro n ItacnH cnoro
Mopen (no H. B. beAopony, 1954, C HaMeneHnnMH B CB TO AaHHblx 1955 r.)
ConpeMenHaa Tpaxcrpeccna
HonoaepaoMopcnaa Tpauc-
rpeccHa (AanbneIimaa c an pa3-
BHTHa ApeBneuepHoMopcnoro
6acceiana)
HonoannenHcnan perpeccna
ConpeMennaa perpeccna
HoBonacnnlicnaa TpaHc-
rpeccna
Perpeccna na=Iana HOBO-
nacnHacnoro n noH>za nocne-
xBan6Incnoro BpeMeHn
BepxnexaanbIHcnaa
Tpaxcrpeccna
TpaacrpeccHH (cypomcnaa, MexcxnanlnHcnaa perpec-
no P. H. HonoBy) cna
llocaenapaHraTCnaa HH3nnexBanbIHCnaa
perpeccna Tpaxcrpeccna
Bepxnexa3apcnng 6acceilH
HapaRraTcnaa Tpaxcrpeccna H noalnexaaapcnaa perpec-
Cna
ApenHeannenxcnHE 6acceiIH HHxcnexa3apcnaa Tpanc-
(perpeccna) rpeccnn
LlayAnncnng 6acceiiH BanHHcnng 6accelin
Bo3MOMHLIe conocTaBJIensn
c SIegHxxoBbnMo OBJIeRBIIMB
Cy66opeanb-
Hoe BpeMI
MancnManbHoe oneAene-
HHe
AnHTenbHaa MeanneAHH-
noBan anoxa
HEI{OTOPbIE OBll IIE HAJIEOFEOPPADIIgECHHE
BbIBO AbI
Ham ocTaeTCH TeIIepb cgenaTb naJieoreorpa(HliecHHe BbIBOAb1 o6H[ero xa-
paHTepa, ocnoBaHHbie Ha paccMOTpeHgH LIeTBepTHLIHOf HCTOPHH KacnHfi Ralf
$aMKHyToro o3epa-Mops'. c3TO TeM 60Jiee Heo6xo)uMo, 'iTO Ha IICTOPHH Rae-
4&940 H3MeHeHHH, IIpOHCXOAIIBHIHe Ha BOOM 3eMuoM Hlape, Tau H pa3JiHLiHbie
c`d5IrTua perHOHaJIbHoro 3nageHHfi, HMOBIHHe McCTO B COHpegeJibHbIX o6-
'IatTnX. li HaCIIHH, Ifaif 3aMICHyTOM HJIH noT1y3aM1HyTOM 6accel3ne, pe'HhIe
CHCTeMbI ROTOPOI'O ApeHHpyIOT OrpOMHbIO TeppHTOpIIH, paCHOJIOHfeHHbie
I3 pa3JTuiMHbIX reorpa4 nneci rrx IIIIIpOTax H IfuIHMaTHgeCKHX 30Hax, 3aIIeTIaT-
JTeHbI Ire TOJIhKO HpyIIHbIO HJIHMaTHtieCHHe H3MOHeHHFI o6H~elJIaxeTapnoro
XaPalITepa, COHpono aIOII;Heca OJIe)eHOHHSIMH IIJIH TeIIJIbIMH MexfJIeAHH-
KOBbIMFa aloxaMH, HO H 6oslee BTOpOCTeIIOIIHble gIBjieHHFI, IIponcxo HBIIIHe
B- 061IadTH caMoro MOpH HJIH B 6accefHax ero pelf. HoJIHOe H BCeCTOpOHHee pa3-
peHrcllHe iupo6JIeMiI HCTOPHH HacuHrI CBH3aH0 IIO3TOMy c I OJIbIM pHAOM BO-
IIP000B He TOJIbKO TIeTBepTH'HOH HCTOpHH EBpa3HHCHoro MaTepHna, HO H BCero
.IeMHOrn n agar.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
ECTecTBenllo, IITO IIpo6JIeMa re0JI0r14IIeCROII HCTOPHH HacnHa B TaR'OM
nJraHe npeRCTaBJIaeT c060A ewe 3a,jagy 6yAywero, pa3pemeI-IHeM HOTOpoIH
AOJIMHbI 3aIIIIMaTbCa ylIeHble pa3JIHIIHLIX cIIeuHaJIbHOCTeH. 3Aecb )Re I]eJIe
coo6pa3IIO IIOCTaBHTL Hanr60JICe aHTyaJiblIble II3 3THX BOIIpOC'OB, IIacTb ' Ho
TOpblx MOxceT 6brrb pa3perella.
1. 0 CBa3H RoJIe6aIIHii ypOBlIJI Mopa (TpaxcrpeccHH H perpeceipl)
c RJIHMaTHweimMH H3MeHeIIHIIMH
B reOJIOrIITiecIOM pa3pe30 BpeMOHH 3TOT BOnpOC HaH60Jree npaBHJI&HO 6bIJI
peBIeI3 H. H. AIIApyCOBbIM (1900), OTMeTHBIHIIM rJIaBeHCTByIOwyIo pOJIb
RJIHMaTa. HO3AIIeiIIIIHe HCCJIeAoBaTeJIH (HpaBocJlaBJIeB, 1908, 1930; ApxaH,-
r ej bcwai , 1938; HHyICOB, 1945 H Ap.), HpH3I1aimH onpe)eaeHHyIO poin HJIYI-.-
MaTIILIeCI{Hx 113MeHeHHI3 B Mexa1H3Me TpaxcrpeccHHi H perpecdnur, rJIaBHhJr
H OnpeAeJIaIOH[HM (JaHTOpOM CIIHTaJIH TeHTOHHIIecuHe ABHSReHHn.
BOIIpoc 0 BJIHHIIIIH RJIHMaTa H TeHTOHHRH Ha HOJIe6aHHe ypOBH5 HaCHHFI
B COBpeM0HHyI0 alloxy 6oJITIIIHIICTBO yllellIJX (XaHbII OB, 1853; HaMHHCHHH,.
1929; Bepr, 1911, 1934; AIIOJlJIOB, 1935, 1946; 3auiHoB, 1946) peHIaJIH B noJlb3y
IlepBoro.
H3yilel-IHe xacfHACItIIX Teppac H XapaKTepa H3MexeHHu cogep7lfaweuca
B mix (ayIIbI MoJIJIIOCHOB, IIpoBOAHBIIIeeCH HaMH Ha BOCTOIIHOM 11o6epeMbe
HacnHH, H03BOJIHJIO B 1943 r. ((DeAopon, 1943), a 1103RHee (?eAopoB, 1946),
Ha OCHOSaHHH TaR?He H 061I[Hx na3ieoreorpa(HHecEnx peHOnCTpy1i[HII
rOBOpHTb 0 CBH3H B II0TB0 THLIIIO0 BpeMa Tpancrpeccgra H perpeccHui
HaCHHr c HJIHMaTHIIecHHMH H3MeIefIHHMH H o rHIaBexcTByIOIAeI3 poJIH HocJIe--
HHx. 3Ta ToIIKa 3pOHHH H03RHee H c HeCICOJIb1O HHLIx H031H I4ii 6bIJIa BbICRa-
3ana R. A TyroJrecoBbiM (1948) H oArIoBpeMeHHo C. B. BpyeBHUeM (17948),.
HOTOpLIe, 0CHOBbIBaacb Ha aHaJIH3e BoAHOro 6aaraHCa HacnHa, npHIHJIH H BbI-
BOAy o TOM, IITO.TpallCrpO00HH H perpeccn 3aMKHYTOro 6acceula Boo6we
He MOryT Bbl3bIBaTbCa Ae(opMagHHMH 3eMHOH ROpbI H 3aBHCHT TOJIbHO OT
RJIHMaTHIIeCHHX npHIHIH.
PaccMOTpeHHe 3BOJIIOgHH (Jayllbl MOJIJIIOCHOB H xapaHTepa pacnpoeTpa-
HeHH1 ee B HpeAealax Bcero HacnHHcHoro 6acceiiHa HpHBeJIO Hac ((De)opoB
1949) R BbIBOAy 0 TOM, IITO TpaxcrpeccHH COnpOBO?HRa1IHCb HOROTOpbIM o6-
H[HM OnpeCHeIIHOM Mopa, a perpeccrn - ocOJIOHeHHeM ero. AnaJIH3 HOBefilHeII
TeITOHHRH HaclHHCROii BHaAHHbi Aaii BO3MO?HHOCTb POBOpHTb o6 OTHOCHTeJIbHO-
MaHoll H, BO BCHHOM CJIytIae, HeOnpeAeJIRIOMeII poJIH TeRTOHHIIeCHHX ABH-
OHHH B TpallcrpecCHHX II perpeCCHIIX Mopa ((.IFeAopoB, 1952).
H3JIOHceHIIBIK B HadTOalueii pa60Te MaTepHaJr no HccJreAoBaHHio Ho6epexcbI
MOTE n03BOJI}OT HaM c pa3Hblx H03HWIH HOAXOAHTh R p0HIeHHIO Bonpoca o.
HpH'HHax ROJIe6aindi ypoBIrTi HacuniidHoro MOH Ha npOT}?ReHHH ero IIeT-
BepTHIIHOII HCTOpHH. 3Aecb HpemAe Bcero HaAo OCIIOBLJBaTbca Ha CJIeAyI0weM"
a) TpaHcrpeccHH, a paBHO H perpecum Ha BCex 6eperax MOH IIpomexogIIJIIT
o7HOBpeMeHIIO (HaH B o6JIaCTHX HO)All1THH, TaH H B o6JIaCTHX OnycHaHKii);
6) CMeHM RoMnJIOHCOB cf ayHM MoJIJIIOCROB 6bIJIH npHypo'IOllbl R anoxaiw
perpecciii, a pacceJrellne IIOBOro RoMHJIeRca R 3HoxaM TpallcrpeccHK;
B) TpaHCrpeCCHH MOpa colpoBO}RAaJIHCb 06wHM OTHOCHTeJIbHbIM onpec
HOHHOM BOAHOH MacebI, a perpeCCHH - OCOJIOHOIIHOM ee;
r) HaII60JIee CyH;eCTBeHIIbIH HepeJIOM B 3BOJIIOIt1H 4ayHbI MOJIJIIOCIcOR
6b1JI npnypolieii Ic i-raliaiiy CaMOH RPYHHOI3 TpaxcrpeccHH (XBarIbIHCHOII),
g) 4iagHaJImHLIR xapaHTep H HajleoHTOJIOrHgecHHe RaHHLIe HOHTIIHOHTaJlb'
HbIX oTJIOH{eHHI3 CBHAOTOJILCTByIOT 0 TOM, 'ITO Tpancrpec0HaM Hamm , (Bo
BCHHOM CJIy'ae, XBaJIbIHCROu) HpeAHIecTBOBaJIo HoxoJloAaHHe H yBJlaiHHCHH'
HJIIMaTa, pacnpocTpaH1i3meeca H Ha 3nOXy caM0H TpaxcrpeccHH;
e) pa3MaX TeHTOIIHIIOCHHX ABH}ReH1H 11 HX CHOpOCTH B AOCHTHH H 'COTHII
pa3 yCTynaJIH CHOpOCTIIM H aMHJIHTy)aM ROJIe6alHH ypOBHa Mopa ` nog
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
BTHFIHHOM HJIHMaTHgeCiHX YCJJOBHH, TITO yxaaia aeT Ha MaJIyIO poJlb Aec op-
Mal[HH 3eMHOH HOpM B TpaxcrpeccHHx H perpeccrnix HaCIIHfi.
Bee 3T0 ewe pa3 H03BOJIFICT rOBOpHTb 0 rJIaBeHCTByIOn[eM 3Ha'ieHHH HJIH-
MaTHTieCKHX H3MeHeHHH B FiBJIeHHfiX TpaxcrpeccHi3 H perpeccHA ii o CyHAeCT-
8OBaHHLI Me2HJ y HHMH (yHHAHOHa3IbHOI3 3aBHCHMOCTH. TaRHM o6pa3oM,
H3yTieHHe TIOTBepTHTIHOi3 HCTOpIIII HadiHfI IIOATBepmgaeT IIpaBHJIbHOCTB IIpeA-
IIOJIOHSeHHH H. H. AHApycoBa (1900) 0 3HaTIeHIIH HJIHMaTHqecuorO II TeKTOHII-
TlecxOrci iaKTOpOB B pa3BHTHH Hacn AcRoro 6acceiina.
OAHOBpeMeHHO MM AOJI?HHbI OTMeTHTb, TITO yia3aHHaR (()yHHIrHOHaJIbHaa
3aBHC14MOCTb ypOBHJI MOpH OT HJIHMaTH'eCHIIX HOJIe6aHHII He MO?HeT paccMaT-
pHBaTbCH ylpOH;eHHO, TaR HaK 3AeCb ewe MHoro HegCHoro. Tai, HanpHMep,
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apocxos
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BmlMapaane anmepoachHX MoB-
3lIOCHOB
Anmepoa-
I
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
TaHRM o6paaoIVI, Ha)o Hpegno3laraTb, TO H Ha npOTHMeHHH ileTBepTHLiHOro
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B IIeTBepTRIIHO0 BpeMH ([JHr. 129) HJIJIIOCTPHpyeT xapaliTep 3THx H3MeHOHHII.
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o6pa3lloro HaMH 6b1JI R36pa1 MaHrNHIJIan,
Ran 6oaiee CIIOnOiiuaH B TeHTOHHilecnOM OTHOMOHHH o6JiaCTb IIpnnacHRH.
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qae IIpH HaHeceHRR pa3JIHT1Hb1X OTpe3HOB HpHBOI3 MbI pyROBOACTBOBaJIHCb
RJIHMaTHIIeCHRMH HpHBbIMRIIeHHa - Bp1nnepa R MIIJIaHnOBR11a TOJIbTO B Ha-
IieeTBe reoxpoHOJIOPR1ieCnoH HIHaJibl.
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TeJIbHO HOBEICORRX CTOHHRR YPOBH1 HaCIIRH. 3TO BIIOJIHe eCTeCTBeHHO, Ta}
an RaCIIRio, naH 3aMHI1yTOMy HJIR 1OJIy3aMHHyTOMy 6accelHy, pacnoJlo neH-
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Toporo npoHcxo rIJin noJie6aHRH, OcTanoBRH R OTAeJIEHMe noBIiIHIeHHH.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
Mepe MO?HOT 6bITb COIIOCTaBJIeHa C HPHBOH HeHHa - Bprniepa. B03MOHCHO,
iiTO oHa O.TpawaeT H3MOHOHHii coJIHe'IHOH allTIIBHOCTIl B Te'IeHHe TieTBepTJi'Horo
uepIoj;a.
I'I3y'iaH HCTOprIO HacuHi, MOxcHO pemirrb elue o)IIH Boupoc 6oJiee o61uero
uopHAI{a.CoIIOCTaBJIeHHe HIInCHexa3apcKlix oTJIOMexuf1HaBHa3a HTypiMeHIIH,
HpegCTaBJIeHHbIX rJiaBHbIM o6pa3OM MaTepHaJIOM, IIpHHeceHHnIM TaJIblMIi
JIe) ur HOBbIMH Bo aMH, )[aeT oCHOBaHIIe Aim HapaJIJIeJI113ai(HH I{pyuHoro Pop-
HOrO OJIeAeHeHIIH Cpe) Hei3 ABHH H HaBHa3a. BIIOJIHe BepOHTHO, LITO TaRHe
couocTaBJIeHHH cnpaseAJIHBMI it A ml o6JIacTH PyccHoII paBHHHLI, Tau .Rau HHm-
Hexa3apcKHe (cilHruJIbcnHe) OTJIOJKeHHH H ntueli BOJirH coAepufaT IIbIJibuy
TaeMHOg pacTHTeJlbxocTH.
OAIIOBpeMeHHbI TaHH{e KOHTHHeHTaJILHble ocagHII anoxia perpeccHH Meit y
Xa3apCHOII H xBanlblllcicoii TpaxcrpeccHHMH, KOTOpbIO B CeBepHOM HpHHaCIIHH,
Ha HaBKa3e H Ha BOCTOImOM 6epery HacuHx xapaHTepH3yloT HacTyin-leHHe
HpoxJiagHoro H OTHOCHTeJIbHO BJiauc oro (Ha Lore) KJIHMaTa. Bee 3TO yua3blBaeT
Ha TO, HTO HJIHMaTHgecHHe H3MeHeHHH B IIpej(eJIax PyccHOII panHHHLI, IvaB-
Ha3a H Cpej.[HeI3 A3HH IIpoucxo [IIJIH 6OJIee HJIH Mexee OAHOBpeMeHHo, TITo
rIOATBepu aeT IIpaBHJIbHOCTL B3rjinga o CIIHXPOHHOCTH OJIej(eaeHIII3 H OIIpO-
BepraeT HpeAIIOJIOMeHHe 0 MOTaxpOHHOCTH 3THx iIBJIOHHII B pa3JiIITIHblx
o6JiaCTHx 3eMHoro mapa.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
A 6 p a m o B H H M. B. Hpe)BapHTeaIbnbi i OTYeT 0 reojxorn=IeciHx Hcc.IegoBaHHnX B ce-
Bepo-BOCTOxIHOA tiaCTH AnnIeponcHoro IIOJIyOCTPOBa H B OKpeCTHOCTFIX CTaHWIH
HaaxeHT.- H3B. PeoJI. HoM., 1914, 33.
A a~ e p b e B P. II. H A aI iI e p b e B a A. M. HoeiieAHHe cTpannnbi reo3lorHaecHoi
HcTOpHH Tepcxo-HyMcioi IIH3HHLI.- Peorp. c6opnrH, 1952, c6. 1.
A H A p y c o B H. 1/1. OgepH HCTOPHH pa3BHTna HacnnIIeHOPO MOPH H ero o6HTaTeJiei3.-
1113B. Pycel. reorp. o61z., 1888, 24.
A H A p y c o B H. PI. 0 Apeannx 6eperoabix JIHHHHX Hacnniicxoro Mopa.- EaceroAHnx
no reoii. H MHH. PoccHH, 1900, 4, N 1-2.
A H A p y c 0 B H. H. MaTepHaJibi AJIa reOJIOrHH 3aiacnHficMoi o6.IacTn. 11. 1 Hpacno-
B09CHHI3 nOJIyOCTpOB, BOaiamoi3 H MaimbiI3' Baiixax, ,Txaaiiax, YcTIOpT.- TpyAbi Apailo-
Hacn. aHcneA., 1905, Bbin. 7.
A H A p y c o B H. H. 1. 0 reoaiorHYecKHx HCCJIeJOBaIIHHX no p. CyJIan.- Peon. BeCTHHM11915, 1.
A H A p y c o B H. H. 2. MaTepnamHI gaff reoHlorHH 3aiacnHxcnoii o6JIacTH. LI. 2. Manrbi-
nlnaM.- TpyAbi Apaiio-Hach. aicneA., 1915, 37, BbIn. 5.
A H A p y c o B H. H. Hapa-Byra3 H ero npoMbunnenHoo 3HateHHe.- MaTepHaaibl AJIa
H3yn. eCTecTB. npOH3BOAnT. CHJI PoccHH, 1916, 7.
A H A p y c O B H. H. B3aHMOOTiIO1IIeHHa 3BMCHncnoro H HacnnIICnoro 6accei3noB B Heo-
renoByio anoxy.- 1/13B. Pocc. AHaA. HayM, 6 cepHa, 1918, N 8.
A H A p y c o B H. H. AnmeponcnHli apyc.- TpyAbi Peoa. HoM., noaaa cepna, 1923,
Bbin. 110.
A n 0 JI JI 0 B B. A. BogHbil3 6aaaiic Hacnnl-ICHoro MOpH H BO3MOH{Hble ero H3MeHeHHa.-
TpyAbI I_~eHTp. HHCT. ancnep. rHApOMeT., 1935, Bbin. 2 (44).
A H O JI aI 0 B B. A. n C a m 0 1'I a o B H. B. Hcc le3OBaHHe ypoBHeii Kacnnfcnoro Mopa.-
Bonpocbi reorpa iHH, 1946, c6. 1.
A p x a n r e a b c x H A. A n C T p a x o B H. M. Peo3iornnecnoe cTpoenne n ncTOpna
pa3BHTHa LIepiloro Mopa. M.- JI., H3A. AHaj. HayM CCCP, 1938.
B a n p y ii a c M. B. BeaoTTogliLie BnajnIIaI I0 nuIoro Manrblln3iaia.- 143B. Poe. reorp.
o61A., 1917, 3.
B a a p y a a c M. B. H rew.nornn IKapa6yraaa.- 143B. Beec. reoll.-pa3BeA. o0beA.,
1932, Bun. 50.
B e Ji o y c o B B. B. 061Aaa reoTenTonnna. M., PocreoJIH3AaT, 1948.
B e p r JI. C. 06 H3MOIIOHHH M3IHMaTa B HCTOPHnOCHy1O anoxy.- 3eMJIeBeAeiine, 1911,
Ns 3.
B e p r JI. C. YpOBOIIb Racnnn ciioro Mopa 3a HCTOpwieCHOe BpeMa.- Hpo6Jieibi [ H3.
reorp., 1934, 1.
B 0 I' a n e B B. B. CTOnH 6accoI3Ha p. Manapi.- H3B. Peoaa. MOM., 1903, 22, X2 2.
B 0 r a Y e B B. B. H BOnpOCy o Ae3IeIIHH HnHoI ena H nOCTHJIHOACHa HaCnnnCHorO THna.-
Ea eroAilnM no reOJI. H MHH. PoccHH, 1910, 12, Ban[. 3-4.
B 0 r a n e a B. B. Peo31ornrIecxoe cTpoeHne AperCMoro ye3Aa.- 143B. I#aBM. My3ea,
12, 1916.
B o r a q e a B. B. 1. PeoJiorn'ieciane 3nCHypcHH B oxpecTnocTax Bally. Bally. H3A.
Peoai.-paaaeg. ynp. A3IIecTn, 1932.
B o r a n e a B. B. 2. PynOBOAnIIZHe oxaMeneaocTn pa3peaa Annleponcioro noaiyocTpoaa
H npHJIOrBIOWHX panonoB.. Baxy, A311e iTeH3AaT, 1932.
B o r a q e a B. B. LITO Tanoe 6aMHHCMHI3 apyc? - HoBOCTH He(T. reoJl., 610JIJI. 1 BHTH,
1935, N_^ 4 (14), 3aMeTMa Ns 135.
B o r g a H O B A. A. Iloabie Aannbie no cTpaTHrpa(HH naIHOI;enoablx H nocTnJiHOlkeno-
Bblx oraoEe1Hi3 Hn}HIlero IloaoJIMba.- BIOJIJH. Moex. o6n;. HcnblT. npnpOAbi, 1933,
11, N2 4.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
-B o r A a H 0 B A. A. HoBbie j[aHHbre 110 cTpaTHrpa4IH HHMHero HOBoJi I i H B CBH3B
c raly6oiHM 6ypelHeM s AcTpaxaHH.- Tpy)br JIeHHHrp. o6nR. ecrecTBOHCIIbIT., 1934,
63, BMIIl. 2.
?B p o g H. 0. reojiorHgeerHe Hcc aeAOBaHHH B oxpecTHOCTHX HOHReHTeHOA He(7TexocHOI3
naon;aAH (I0)RHbIA gareCTBH). (IIpe){BapHT. OTgeT 1928 r.).- J43B. rnaBH. reoa.-
pa3BeA. yap., 1930, 49, N 4.
B p o g 14. 0. Ogepx reonorHgecxoro cTpoeHan H reoMopcponorHH BoCTOUHoro HpeAxan-
xaabn. B xH.: cMecTOpox{AeHHH He()TH BocTOgxoro HpeARaBRaaLH. H XVII Mex{Ay-
HapounoMy reoaiorigecxoMy RoHrpeccy>>. M., 1937.
B p 0 r m a a P. P. reOAe3HgecHne BMCOTbI B CBH3H C IIpo6JIeMOg ypOBHH HacaHa.-
McTeopoarornH H rlApoJrorHH, 1947, Ns 1.
?B p H 1 M H a M. II. PacnpocTpaaeHne XBaJIbIHCRHX moHoJraAHMX rJIHH H HeROTOpIIe
Borrpocbl naJieoreorpaiaH CeBepHoro Hpnxacnra.- Tpyjbr I4HCT. reorp. AxaA.
Hays CCCP, 1954, nun, 62.
B p y e B H g C. B. H3MeHenHe xJInMaTa H ypOBHI HaCIIHACROro MOH 3a HOCJIe)Hee
TbICHgeJIeTHe no xHMHgecIfM AaHHLIM.- TpyAbi roc. oxeaHorp. HHCT., 1948, Bbrn. 4(16).
.B a p H. M. Ygeibre aaMeTK?H 0 HacriHgcxoM Mope H ero oxpeCTHOCTax.- 3aa. Pyccr.
reorp. o6rrl., 1856, 10.
B a p g a H fl a A JI. A. 0 geTBepTHgHOA HCTOPHH HaBHaaa.- I4aB. Foe. reorp. o6ii.,
1933, 65, Ns 6.
:B a p A a H H a i; JI. A. IIOCTnarnorreHOBaa HCTOPHH HaBxa3cRo-TIepHOMOpCRO-HacnHli-
cxoA o6J1aCTH. EpeBaH, Han. AxaA. Hayx ApM. CCP, 1948.
B e 6 e p B. B. geTaJlbaaa reoaiorHgecxaa xapTa Anmeponcxoro noJlyoCTpoBa, aaiaHHIeT
111-6 (Haaa). JI., I43). rnaBH. reoal.-paaBeA. ynp., 1931.
B e 6 e p B. B. PeaorHOCAHpOBOgHbiA o6'ae3A IIOJIocaI xaHH03ONCHlIX oTJTOH{eHHA Me)EJy
UIeMaxoA H A p*wHaypcxorl cTenbro.- Tpy)bl He >T. reoJ1.-paaBeA. HncT., cepHr A,
1933, BbIIi. 33.
?B e 6 e p B. H. H I{ a a it A it n A H. IT. T-IeJieHeH.- Tpygm reoJT. HOM., HoBar cepan,
1911, BaIH. 63.
.B e p e n; a r H H H. H. Xar aaie H3 6aaara)HacKoro acl aJluTa. BHxaraAHHCxoe HecTO-
HaxO)IIAeHae geTBepTHYHOrI iayHIi a iaopbr. TI. 1.- TpyAbi ECTeCTB.-HCTOp. Myaefr
HM. r. 3apAa6H, BaHy, 1951, BMn. 4.
:r e Jr n e p C. 10. H BOnpOCy o IIponexo {AeHHH 6e3oTTO4HaIX BIIaAHH.- Hpo6JieMbr {paa.
reorp., 1938, 5. ~j
=r e a Jr e p C.- 10. H BOIIpOCy O HoJIe6aRHHx H peryJIHpoBaHHH ypOBHH HacnHgcxoro Mo-
pa.- Bonp. reorpacpHH, 1949, c6. 15.
Treoaioria CCCP, T. IX. CeBepHbrri HaBxaa, q. 1, m., rocreoJIH3AaT, 1947.
r e p a c H M O B 14. If. HacnaACRoe Mope B geTBepTHgHOM IIepHOAe.- TpyAM COB. CeR-
I;HH Mei yaap. accoi. no Hayg. geTBepTHTIH. nepHoAa, 1937, Horn. 3.
r e p a c a M O B H. II. it M a p H O B H. H. TIeTBepTHgxan re0Jlormi. M., YgnerrHa,
1939.
:r 0 a y 6 H T H H H 0 B B. A. 1. reoJlorHgecxoe CTpOeHHO o6alaCTH TpeTHgHbrx OTJIo eHRIi
10mHoro AarecTana Mex{Ay p. Py6ac-Tian H P. CaMyp.-Tpy)bl Bcec. reoJi.-paaBeA.
o6%eA., 1933, Barn. 278.
-r o Ti y 6 a T H H H 0 B B. A. 2. reo3ioraa H raaoaoeaoCTb CeBepHoro garecTana. HpeA-
rOpbH- H paBHHHHaH gacTb. - Tpygm neon.-paaBeA. 61opo raa. MeeTOpoH{A., 1933,
Bbin. 4.
.r o JI y 6 H T H H x o B B. g. MopCRHe H pegabie Teppacbl gareeTaHa.- Tpygm COB.
ceHRHH Mea{AyHap. accog. no n3yg. geTBepTHrH. nepHOAa, 1937, BLIrI. 3.
rOJIy61aTHHHOB B. A., PeAHrapA A. JI. H HycTOBanoB 14.(D. Ho-
JIeBble pa60Tbi Ha HaBxaae HO TeMe H3HHo-reorpa(Hgecu1M AaHHaIM.- 3anHCHH PyccE. reorp.
o6w., 1893, 38.
JI C 0 H T b e B 0. K. CaleAbl ApeBHexaculi CHHx perpeccag B pealbetie 6eperoBoro cIaioHa
AarecTancxoro no6epeacr H HaCHHa.- BecTHHH MocH. roe. yHHB., 1948, Ns 3.
JI e 0 H T b e B 0. K. II (D e g o p o B H. B. K HcTOpHH Kac11HgcHoro Mopes B IIoaAHe-
H IlocnexnanbIHeRoe BpeMli.- 1U3. AHaR. Hayti CCCP, cepHH reorp., 1953, Ns 4.
JI H C H A bI H K. H. reonorHgecHHg IIyTeBOAHTeJIb IIO P. MaHblgy. B HH.: eHyTeBOAHTealb
3HCHypcHg 2-g geTBepTHquo-reoalorngecxog Hoij epeHAHH>. M.- JI., I4aA. AHaR.
Hayti CCCP, 1932.
JI H C H A LI H H. H. K CTpOOHHIO AOJIHHUI P. MaHbiga.- TpyAbl 2-g Mex{Aynap. Hoes( .
aceoi. no II3yq. geTBepTHqH. HepHOAa EBpolbi, 1933, Bbin. 3.
J1 H q H 0 B B. A. 06 HCHOHaeMaix peuax n 6e30TTOgIIMX BIIa)HHax.- 3auHCHH HHeBm
o61A. eCTeCTBOHcnaIT., 1927, 27, m11. 2.
JI H q H o B B. J1. H C e p r e e B B. A. H Bonpocy 0 HpH'HHaX coBpeMeHHOro IIOHHK{eHHH
ypOBHH KacnHgcxoro Mopes.- BecTHIIH JIOHHHrp. yHHB., 1948, .N 2.
JI y n II o B H. II. I'eonorngecxoe e poenge ceBepo-BOCTOgnog gaCTH KpacnonoAcnoro
pagona TypHMeHeHog CCP.- Man. PaTaBH. reoJ1.-pa3BeA. ynp., 1931, 50, Bbil. 54.
JI y II II 0 B H. H. I'eo7IOrHgeCHHg ogepH BoCTOgxo-Kapa6yra3cHoro pagoua no HccaleAO-
BaHnHM 1929 n 1930 rr.- Tpyjbi Bcec. reon.-paaBe3. o6beA., 1932, Bbin. 269.
M a a a P 0 B H q A. H. CTpaTHrpa(nx geTBepTHnHUIx OTJIOH{eHHii CpeAHero HoBOJI)Hbg.-
TpyubT KoMHc. HO H3yq. geTBepTHqH. iTepHoga, 1935, 4, Bbin. 2.
M e x T H e B IN. (D. Ocnonnbie gepTbi reoMop~OJIorHH Tanbrma.- gOHJI. AHaR. Hayic
A3ep6. CCP, 1946, 2, N 8.
M H aI a H 0 B c H n g E. B. reoaiorugecunlt nyTeBOAHTeJIb no Bowire OT CTaauHHrpaga go
CapaTOBa. B HH.: elyTeBOAHTe.Ib 3HcuypCHIi 2-g geTBepTHxiHO-reoJIorHgeCHoI3 HOH(e-
peHAHH)). M.- JI., HaA. AHaR. Hayti CCCP, 1932.
Al H a a H 0 B C H H A E. B. HJIHogenosble H 1I TBepTMIHLTe oTaioH(enHH CU3paHCHOro
panoHa.- TpyAbl KOMHC. 110 H3yq. geTBepTHqH. nep1Ioga, 1935, 4, BbIII. 2.
M H p q H H H M. (II. 061AHe 3aMegaHIIH no reoMop(oaorHH AnHieponcxoro nwiyocTpo-
Ba.- BecTHHH Mocu. ropes. AHaR., 1922, 1,
M H p q H H H P. (D. KOppeJIHAHII HOHTHHeHTaJIbHbIX geTBepTHgHbTX OTJIO}HOHHii PyCCHOii
paBHIIHbI H COOTBOTCTByIOIAHX oTJIOH{eHHn HaBHa3a H 1101TO-Hacnln.- MaTepHamlbl
no geTBepTHqH. nepnoAy CCCP, 1936, BUIII. 1.
M 0 e H B H T H H A. 14. TeppacU p. OHH y r. JIHxBHHa.- 143B. Mom reowT.-pa3BeA.
TpecTa, 1934, 2, Ni 3-4.
M O C R I B I I T H H A. H. 0 BIOpMcleog 3IIOXe B EBponegcxog gaCTH CCCP.- BecTHHH
AHaR. Hayti CCCP, 1948, .N 12.
M 0 C H B H T H II A. H. CTpaTHrpa#gecxan cxeMa geTBepTHgxoro IIepnoAa B CCCP.-
H a A HB-H H H A. B. MoJIJHOCHH ropbl 6aHHncuoro Hpyca.- TpyW I Peon. HoM., HOBaB
cepHM, 1914, BbiH. 116.
H a JI II B H H H A. B. II A H H c II M O B A. 11. OHHCaHHe rJlamidinHx McCTHbix (>opM
poAa Didacna E i c h w a 1 d Ha nocTIInnoIeHa AnuiepoHcxoro HonyoCTpoBa.-
TpyAbT rem. ROM., HoBan cepwi, 1914, Bbin. 117.
H a g H H A A. A. reonorlgecuaii ogepH Manoro Banxaua no HCCneJOBaHHHM 1914-
1916 rr.- MaTepnaalbi no o61geR H npmiajH. reon., 1916, Bbin. 4.
H H K o a a e B H. H. HnnoieaoBaIe H gOTBO THgHUIO OTJIOH{eHHR CaIpTOBog gaCTH.3aB0n-
RbH.- TpyAbl KOMHC. no H3yq. geTBepTHqH. nepHola, 1935, 4, BbIi1. 2.
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246AO36200010012-6
H n x o a a e B H. H. Iloaerimax TORTOHnia CCCP.- TpyRbl IIOMIIC. 110 H3y'l. geTBep-
THgH. IIepnoAa, 1949, 8,.
IT a a JI a e 11. C. HyTemoCTBHC 110 paMMM IIpOBHIIAMIM POCCHAcxoii rMnepHH. 143A. 2,
g. 1. C116., 1809.
If a H T e JI 0 e B U. 11. FOoiiorwIeCKOe CTpOeIIIIe H ra30HOGHOGTb I0aRHbIX EpreIleii. M.,
FOCToIITeXH3AaT, 1947.
H 0 IT 0 B P. H. LIeTBepTngllbie n KOITTHHeHTaaIbHble rJ HOIreHOBbie OTJloaxenHH HnHSHero
)Iona H CeBepo-BOCTOiIIIOPO llpIIa3OBbr.- MaTepHar I no reoai. H Hoae3H. HCHon.
A3oBo-LIepnoMopLn, 1947, c6. 22.
rI p a B o c n a B JI e B 11. A. H reoJiornn oxpecTHOCTeii Bacxyngaiccxoro o3epa. Bap-
maBa, 1903.
Il p a B o c a a B a e B 11. A. MaTepnaabi H IIO3HaIIIO HHMHeBOJI7SCrI3x xacuHf4cRrx OT-
aoaxennii. Bapmana, 1908.
H p a B o c ai a B it e B H. A. HacnHlicicne ocaRKH no. p Ypany.- H3B. ,T oaCK. rioJIHTexH.
HHCT., OTA. 2, 1913, 2.
11 p a B 0 C JI a B a e B 11. A. CeBepo-3anaAuoe no6epexcbe Hacnnx. (OT'IeT 0 pa6oTaX
1926 r.).- II3B. 1IeHTp. rHApoMeT. 61opo, 1929, BbIII. 8.
11 p a B o c a a B JI e B 11. A. COBpeMeHHbie ABHaMeHH1I 3eMHOri IOpbI B lOHTO-Hacnnii-
cxoiT o6aacTH. B HII.: iTpyubl 3 Bcecolo3HOro cbe3Aa reoaloroBV. TamieHT, I43A.
CpeAHe-A3HaTCK oTA. l'eoal. ROM., 1930.
II p a B o c a a B a e B H. A. Didacna E i c h w a 1 d ApeBHelcacnHTCKnx OTJIOaxeHHti
Bacxyagaxcxoro paaoaa.- Y=Tellbie 3anncrH JIe1IHHrp. roe. yHHB., 1939, .N 34.
H y c T 0 B a ai o B H. (D. PeoaorHgecrHti ogepic Hycapcxoli HaxaloHlioI3 paBHIIHbi B
A3ep6a1igmaiie.- TpyAbi IJenTp. IlaygHo-MecaaeA. reoai.-pa3Be). JIICT., 1936, BbUT. 83.
P e r3 H r a p g A. JI. Hecxoalbxo CaaoB o xpoaoalorHgecxoli CB31311 McBl OaIeAeHeHnaMH
HaBxa3a IT xacngiicxuMM TpalicrpecclnMl.- 3arIHcicn Pocc. MHH. o61A., 1932,
61, BbIU. 1.
P e r H r a p g A. JI. H upo611eMe CTpaTnrpac HK aeAHIIxoaoro nepnoAa HaBxa3a.-
TpyAbi CoB. CeR1(HH MOMAYlIap. actor. no Hay'i. tieTBepTHiH. nepnoAa EBpoibi,
1935, Bbin. 1.
P e i3 n r a p g A. JI. CTpaTHrpac iw Jte3HHxonoro nepHoAa A.ibn no H. Baxy i A. Hanxy
H oaleAeneHIIe Haaraaa.- MaTepnaabi no geTaepTHgx. nepnOAy CCCP, 1936, Bbill. 1.
PH X T e p B. r. Hoabie AaIiHbie o ApeBHHx 6eperoBbix aimmix Ha AHe HaCHHiiCROrO MOpH.-
11 a. AxaA. Hayx CCCP, cepnn reoaT., 1954, N 5.
P o 3 e n M. (D. ,1),oHnbie ocaARH Ceaepnoro Hacnnx B paiione Boaro-HacHH iclcoro Mana-
aaa.- I,13B. L(eHTp. rIApOMeT. 6iopo, 1929, Bbin. 8.
C a B a p e H c Ic II ti (D. H. PixApoaorxgecrnii ogepl 6acceiiHa epeJHeii Hypbl n npeAeaiax
MemAy raaBHbIM Hanxa3CxaM Xpe6TOM H MaaIbIM HaBxa3OM.- MaTepnaaaI x o61geii
exeMe Henoalb3. BoATI. pecype. HypLi-Apaxc. 6acc., 1933, Bbin. 5.
4G o a o B E. e B B. D. Peabe I H CTpoeHHe Anmeponcxoro nopora.- 143B. AxaA. Hayx
CCCP, cepHI reoa., 1954, NI 5.
C n 'H p n A o H o B A. H. PeoMopc oaiorngecxnii ogepic npn6peaxnoti noaOCbl ceaepo-
3anaAHOi3 gaCTn AnmepoHCxoro noalyocTpoaa.- 3eMaleBeAeHHe, 1937, 39, BUn. 2.
CTpaTHrpa(Ha 'IeTBepTHMIIaX OTJIOaReHHrI H HOBeIimax TOMTOHIIHa llpHKadUHI3CKOIi HH3-
MOIIIIOCTH. M., HaA. AKaA. Hayx CCCP, 1953.
C T p a x o B H. M. Ocnoaai HCTOplgeCHOIi reonorHH. M., rocreoaaH3AaT, 1948.
C T p a x on H. M. H noaHaiHIe 3ax0IIOMepHOCTOH II MexaHII3Ma MOpCIOIi ceAHMeHTagHK.
2. HacnIIiiicxoe mope.- H3B. AxaA. Hayx CCCP, cepnx reoai., 1950, .N I.
T y r o a1 e c o B A. A. 0 npnimxax Tpaxcrpeccrri H perpeccnli HacnnICxoro MopH.-
H3a. AxaA. Hayi CCCP, cepnx reoai., 1948, N 6.
cD e g o p o B II. B. HaCHRACxne Teppacbi Ioaxno-Manrblmalaxcxoro ilo6epembx.- ,T oxal.
AxaA. Hayx CCCP, noaax cepnx, 1.943, 41, N 9.
cD e A o p o B 11. B. 0 naxoiie cxeaieTa xpynnoro MaiexonnTaloIgero B HH3oBbxx Y36ox.-
TpyAbi TypxM. reoax. ynp., Amxa6aA, 1945, abm. 1.
e g o p o B H. B. 2. 0 =IeTBepTHgnoii IICTOpIH Hacnniicxoro Mopx.- ITaB. Bcec. reorp.
o6ii(., 1946, 78, N 4.
e A o p 0 B II. B. 1. HaCnrfieRHe Moalaliocin 3anaAHoii TypiMeHHH.- Bioalal. HOMHCC.
no H3yg. OCTBepTH=uI. nepHoua, 1948, Ni 13.
e g o p o B 11. B. 2. Mopcicne Teppacbi BocTo Horo no6epeaxba Hacnnx.- ,oxa.
AxaA. Hayx CCCP, Honax cepnx, 1948, 59, .N 9.
e A o p o n H. B. H Bonpocy o6 aaoaaoAHH (layHbI MoairniocxoB HacnHTicxoro 6acceliaa
B geTBepTngaoe BpeMr.- TpyRbl HHCT. reorp. AxaA. Hayx CCCP, 1949, Bbili. 43.