FOREIGN DOCUMENT

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
K
Document Page Count: 
165
Document Creation Date: 
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date: 
August 3, 2010
Sequence Number: 
19
Case Number: 
Content Type: 
MISC
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9.pdf10.2 MB
Body: 
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 STAT Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 U~a~'~rn3a~t~u ~~~ aac~s~o~aaama ~~a~aao AKAAEMHR HAYK I'_PYSHHCKO ~I CC.P STAT' J~Jb01`~a60b Jls~(nt~?30~Od`0~0 (0.8t,8l~3J~(~1f~0J ama 5asm:ao~~ ~~`~~'a~~6~ ASACTYMAHCKASI ACTPO~I'I~I~I~iECKASI ObCEPBATOPKS I'OPA KAHOSI~IJII~i b~4~AETEHb 13 STAT: M. ft. BRWRKHA3E H3Y~IEHI~IE TAJIAKTI~I~IECKOTO TIOI'JIO~ E TyMAHHOCTEI~ k13bb1TKAlvI LTBETA BHEI'AJIAKTYIT3ECK ki ,}ZOJIFOIlEPYIO~TI'I~ECK~X u,F.~EI~,I~ H ~.T,PYI'I~I1ViI'~ METO,i~AMI~T 995 ~~e~~,ma~~m.v ~~~ aac~~o~~aa~ama ~a~~~a~t~~ a~ae~~a ~6~ ~ ~ ~a ~_- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 ~J~J~,maa~m~ ~~~, a~t~soa~aaJonJ J~ta~~ao~ AkA j~,EMNR HAYK tPY3MHCKO l~ CCP AfiACTYMAHCKASi ACTPO~I~I~H~IECKASi ObCEPBATOPY35~ I'OPA KAHOBI~IJIYI I43Y~Il:ll lJ l~; l'11JI~lI~"I'~I~ILCICOI'O IZOl'JiOII$EI-II~I;I CI3ETA IIC~ I~I31~~>I'I~ICi'.~d I~131~TA BIILI'AJIA~'~'YI~II;CI{I~I~ TYMAHHOC'~EI%I lI,O,;I I't`s ~l !3I'H O,~I~I~ILCI{I'IX I~E~EYiJ~ YI ,c~PYI'YI14TI~I ivlETO,Z[P~I~ 1953 b~~JlnfA3Jt:'(~.b bbF, aac~60~lnc~JJO~J J~iJs:a800b 8Ja('~,at3~a~'maJ Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 BseAeHr~Ie 1'13y~IeIIHe KOCMH~IeCKOt'O IIOI'J101L[eHHfl CBETa 3Be3Z[ uBJIfleTCSI O,rjHOI3 K3 ~t3a}KHeI3HIHX 3aZ(a~[ 3Be3j[HOId aCTpOHOMHII. JTa 3a,IjaTla HHTepeCHa K2K C TOtIKl'1 3peHHSI BbISICHeHHfl HpHpOJjbI HOI'JIOHjaK)HjeII CB2T CpeZjbI, T8K H C TO~IKH 3pe- HHH HCHpaB.neI1HA JjaHHbIX O CTp02HHH HBIlIeII 3Be3JjHOI3 CHCTeMbI, HO,ny*-IaeMbLt ~t~OTOME'_TpNiI2C1(HMFi McTO~aMII. 3a~HOC1Ie,~jHHe rOj[bI 9Ta 06JIaCTb aCTpOHOMHH pa3BHBaJIBCb HCI$nK)gHTE;JIb- HO aKTHBIIO, 0006eHEI0,-~J(aI'O,IlapSl HHTCHCHBI30I3 pa~OTe COB2TCKHX aCTpO- HOMOB. ,M03KH0 y'I'Bep}I{jjaTb 11'I'O Bax{HE'ItIIIHe pa60'I'bI HOC.'Iej[HHX .neT, HMeIO- 1ijHe ~OJIblltOe HprIHIjHHHaJIbHOe 3Ha9eHAe BbIHOJIH2HbI H , MeHHO COBCTCKHMvi aCTpOHOM8MII. OJ~HaKO MHOrH(' }3OppOCb1 1IpOJjO n}KaK)T eu , je OCTaBaTbCR He- 'BbIACHEHHbIl4I3 N3-38 HeJjOCT8T0~11IOCTH (~BKTH~IeCKI~iX J_(aHHbIX. $ CBfl3H C 9TIIM B ~~aCTyA9aHCKOFI aCTpOE~Y3H~IeCKOK 06CepB8TOpHrI ~bIJIH Hpe,IjHpHIISITbI I[a~JItOZ[eHIISI HO llIHpOKOI~i HpOI'paMMe, H1VIeI0IIjeI3 IjeJIbK) BOC- ,~ HOJIHI[Tb Hp0~e,1I. ~Ta HpOrpaMMa yCHCHIHO BbIHOJIHfleTCfl B TejI2HHe psIJja JIE'r. ~=` ~ 3Ke 8aI{OH~IOHa H OHy6J1IIKOBaHa MHOrOJICTHHU pa60Ta IIO OHpeJjeJICHHK) I', 1HaJIH3y I[BeTOBbIX I73~bTTKOB C.T[a~blX 3Be3~[ [56]. HaCTOHIIi,ee HCCJIeJ~OBdHHe IBJIUeTCA BTOpOI~t pa~oTOi~, OCIlOB8HH0ld Ha MIIOI'OJI2T'HHX puJjaX Ha6.11IOj[eHHR,. BeuulHxcsl r1oi1TI~ a) BpeMeHH oclloBalrHS! A~iacT'yi,iaxcxol~ o6cepBa~'opHl~. OFIa, BMecTe c Tena, o6~beuIlllueT oTAeJlbHble Hcc,neRosaHHU Hpo6JIeMbI raJlaxTH~I,_ cxoro HorJroH>;eHHU, BblHO.nHflI3IIIH2Cfl B TeveHHe Tex x{e .neT pasxblMH cHO- ~o6aMH. I~pHHHl14aH BO BHIIMaHHe pa3Mepbt HallleN TaJIaKTHKH, eCTeCTBeHHO 803- HHKaeT MbICJIb, 4T0 JjJlfl H3y4eHHfl KOCMH9eCKOI'O HOI'JIOHjeHHfl BHyTpH Hze HE'.,I[OCTa1'09H0 HO,nb30Ba7'bCfl 3Se3,IjaMH HJIH JjpyrHMH O~'beKTa- MH, HpHHaJjJIe)I{aHjHMH K I'a.T[aI{'I'HKe, HO Tpe6y10TCU 06'beKT6I, KOTOpble HaXO- ;'ZATCU 3a HpeJje.,IIaMH HflI.HeN 1laJTa}{?I'rIKH. CaKHMH 06'beKTBMH flBJISIK)TCSI JIIiLIIb BHF'.r8J1aKTH9eCRHe 7'yR4aHHOCTH, C HOMOI1jbK) KOTOpbIX B03M0}I{HO OHpC-'Jje,TlHrb I{OCMH~IeCKOe HOI'JIOHjeIINe HO BCeN 'rO,11Hje HBIIIeI3 I'a,naKTHKH, 3a HCKJIK)~IeHHeM, ICOHe~IHO, 30IibI H3~eraHHfl, NCXOjjN H3 9TOT0, MbI HpeJjHpHHU.nH H,TIaHOMepHble OHpe1[eJIeHFIU HOKa3aTe.lleN IjBETa N H3fbTTI{OB IjBeTa Bllera.lIdKTH~TeCKHX TyN1- aHHOCTEII. ~~ $oo6Hje x{e rOBOpfl, H3ylIeHHe I{OCMH~ICCKOI'O IfOrJIOILteHHU MO1KH0 B2CTH pa3HbIMH Me7'0,7~aMH II OrIHpaACb IIa pa3Hble raJIaKTH~IeCKHe 06'beKTbl. ~epE'4NCJIHM 9TH 061,eKTbI, & T8K}Ke H McTO~jbt, KOTOpble HaI-T~O.nee LIaCTO 4 1IpHM2HHK)TCST HpH HCCJIeJjOBa1iHHX KOCMH~IeCKOI'O HOrJIOTIjeHI~u. l ~ `~O~IbIKHOB~AFI6I2)1 3B~3Jjb1 HameH Ta,naKTHKH (onpe~e.nexue HoxasaTe- .>1er~ H Hs6;bITKOS Hx IjaeTa') [119, 121, 112, 56, 113]. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 2. 3Be3AHble CKOnJIeHHfl AOBOJIbHO TIaCTO HCBOJIb3VFOTC A - KOCMNYeCKOI'O nOPJIOHIeHNfl. IZpI3 9TOM npNMeHflIOTCfl 06a KJIaCCa CKOII.TIeHi-I[?I,, HO OTKpbITble CKONJIeHNfl i[pNMeHAK)TCfl C 9TOYi LjeJIbIO Yallze. OTKpbITble CKOII- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 4 BeeRef~Ne saTe.>reK uBeTavia .nNxeHxblx ANaMeTpos, McTOR T p s M n .a e p a} [134, 135;. 123, 8]. 3. I lOAC4eTbI 3Be3j[ (MeTOj[bI K? ~? O r O p O A x N K O B a N B O JI b {~ a}'' [144, 8, 40, 42, 54]. 4. Bxera.naKTNYecKlae TyMaxxocTN {onpeAe,nexNe noxasaTe~neK uBeTa: pacnpeue.nexxe no xe6y) [124, 15, 1]. 5. 1-lepeMeHHble 3BC'3RbI .(nOKa3aTeJIN IjBBTa; nOACYeTbI) [92, 25, 431. 6. J~NCpcpysxbte TyMaxxocTN (Nx pacnpeAe.nexNe, onpeAe.nexxe noxasaTe-- .neH useTa TymlaxxocTex N ocaelualoruNx sBesR) [5, 771. 7. CneKTpO[pOTOM2TpNLIeCKNe rpaANCHTbt (CxeKTpOCpOTOMeTpNfl; cpas- HeHNe nOKpaCHeBHINX N 3Be3J~) [107, 133, 37]. 8. Me}K3Be3J),Hble JINHNN B CneKTpaX (NHTeHCNBHOCTN JINHNI%I; KOppeJlfl- uNfl Mexclty NHT2HCNBHOCTSIMN JINHNI~I, paCCTORHI3flMFi N N36bITK8MN uBeTa 65]. 73 95 [142 , , , ~'apaKTepN3yfl xpNrOp,HOCTb Ka}K~OCO H3 BepeYNCJIeHHbIX TNHOB 06'beKTOB A~fl I43y4eHNfl BOrJIOxjeHNfl, MO}KHO CJZe,TIaTb cnej[yIOLuNe 3aMeYaHNfl. 1. I43yYexxe KOCMNYeCKOrO HOrJIOHjeHNfl n0 06bIlIHbIM 3Be3A8M npoNS- BOZ(NTCfl B HenOCI]e1[CTB2HH01?I 6JIN30CTN K CO.nHuy N HOKa B03M0}I{HO, B JIyY- HIeM CJIyilae, Ao 3000 xapcexoB. Slcxo, TITO 3j[eCb He NMeK)TCfl B BNJ;y OTJ~eJIb- Hble 3Be3jjbI, HaXORflIII.NeCfl Ha 60JIee AdJIeKNX paCCTOflHN53X, nOCKOJIbKy N3V- YeHNe norJION~eHNfl Tpe6yeT yYBCTNfl B NCCJIeAOBBHNN 6onbHlOro KOJIHYeCTBH' 3Be3A~ IIpNHII,NHNaJIbHO, npN N3yLIeHNN xOi'JIOIIjeHNfl IIO 3Be3J~aM, MO}KHO NTTH CKOJib yrOJZHO ji,aJleKO OT COJIHI(a, HO IIpaKTNYeCKN IIpNMeH2HNe 3Be3j[ orpa- HNYNBaeTCfl CHOCOCHOCTbIO IIpOHNKHOB2HNfl Ha6JIK)IjaTeJIbHOI'O NHCTpyMeH- Tapllfl. OLIeBNJ~HO, npN MaCCOBbIX OHpeJjeTIeHNflX nOKa3aTeJIeI-I uB2Ta+3Be3j[, JIy9III2' ; vc.vn rcru_ ;~ _.-_ 1!}Jnlvl l:nniu ,~v. v, ,.. .". .I, __ ___ TflP,TCfl BeCbMa 3(pCpeKTNBHbIM M2TOJ~OM, HOCKOJIbK}~ YyBCTBNTeJIbHOCTb COBpe- R4eHHbIX nJIaCTNHOK N COBpeMeHHafl aCTpOHOMNYeCKBfl ONTNKa n03BOJIfleT np0- HNKHVTb AoBO.nbxo j[a.ReKO N OXBaTNTb 60JIbHINe MBCCbI 3Be3A? 3a nOCJieJZHee BpeMfl B Re.ae N3yYeHNfl HOr.TIOIueHNfl BCe 60JIee 3xaiIATeJIb- HOe M2CT0 3aHNMaeT 9JIeKTpO(~OTOMeTpNfl 3Be3A, TdK KaK 9TOT McTOj[ Ha- MHOrO TOTIHee, iICM ChOTOrpa(~NYeCKNN. LLNpOKOe npNM2HeHNe 9TOP0 McT011,2 Ro cero speMexN OrpaHN4NBaJIOCb TeM, TITO 6bl~ra 3aTpyJ~H2Ha I~OTOMeTpHR" ~CJIa6hIX 3Be3,q. HO H306peTP.HNe IpOTOVMHOR{NTP,JIfl n03BO,RfleT HeKOTOpbIM 06- ileTb 9T0 OrpaHNT~eHNe. ~TO eHIe 60.)IbIIIe nOBbICNJIO O~LuyK) uex- pa30M npeO.gO. HOCTb 9JIeKTpOChOTOMeTpI3tIP.CKOI'O McTOJja. TIpaB;?a, C03)jaHNe. TIOJiHOIjeHHOTO" KaTa.ilOra nOKa3aTE'.IIeN TI,BeTa H3 OCHOBe 3.1TeKTpOI~OTOMeTpNLTeCRNX Ha6.RIOJ~e- HN1~I TpP.O~?eT MIIOI'O BpeM2HH i3 Tpyua, HO 3aT0, hJIarOJZapfl j[OC'I'NraeMO1I TOY= HOCTN Z(JIfl nO.TIy9eHNfl nOrJIOHIeHNSI CB2Ta B JZaHHOM HanpaBJIeHNN B HP.KOTO= pbIX CJIyYaflX J~OCTaTOYHO 3HflTb nOKa3aTedib uBeTa .IiHIHb OIjHOII 3Be3J~bf. 13 OCHOBHOM, 9TH j[Ba McTO,ua -I~OTOrpaCpN9eCKNN H 9JIeKTpOC~OTOM2TpN- LIeCKHi~- N HpHMP,HflK)TCfl B HBCTOflHl,ee BpeMfl K OnpejjeJleHNK) IIOKa3aTe.TI(?F[ uBeTa 3Be.3~[ N_,II.pyrNX OC'beKTOB. - A JIH N3yYPHNSY Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 JieliHSi J),aJIFI OCHOBafIHe T p 9 M H JI P, p y [134], B 1930 TORY, o6~sIBIaTb He- ~a'OMIIE;HHbI1VI CyH~eCTBOBaHFte &le?K3Be3JjHOI'O IIOPJIOtIjeHHSI. ~OCJIe 9TOP0 H Ha~IaJ1OCb C'1'OJIb O?3{HBJleIIIIOe, I13yYP,HHE: 11OrJI0IiteHHH CBeTa B I~aJIaKTHKel. OJjHflKO SICHO, li'I'O H3y11eHNE; IIOI'JIOIII,eHFISI TOJIbKO HO paCCE;HHHbIM CI{OHJIe- HHHM HeJ~OCTaT0~1i[O. IICO6YOJ~HMO HOJIb3OB2TbCA e7ue J~pyrHMg O6'beKTaMH 1 ii,1IdKT'HI{NI. BeJIHYItIIa O61Lter0 HOr.pOLIjeHlig, lIOJTy~IeHHaSi ~' p ~ M H JI e p O M HO paC- CP,AHHbIM 3BP.3J{HbIM CKOHJIeiII~ISIM, pi1BHa 0.67 Ha 1 KHJIOHapCeK. ~Ty Be.IIH- !IFIHy H)/}KIfO C4IrfaTb HpCyMell6llleHHOI~. B HaCTOSILIjee BpEMSi O~Bjee IIOI'JIOII[e- HHP. OHpeJ[e,lI5i101' Ha 1 KHJ1OHapCel{ B pa3HbIX HH,i(HBHJ~yaJIbHbIX HaIIpaB.AeHB5I7t H OKa3bH3aeTCSI, R'IO J>,dISI pa3HbIX y~lr1CTI{OB TaJIaKTHKH OHO MP,HSIE:TCR B Ij0- BOJ[bH0 II[IipOKNX HpeJjeJlctx. B IICKOTOpbIX Ha HpaBJIe.HHSIX O61Ijee HOI'JIOIIjeHHe i~OXOAIIT JJ,p VP,TbIpeK 3L'e.',JtIIbiY BeJIHtIRH H 6oJlee, ~KaK 9T0 HOKa3bIBaIOT pa60- r~t II. IZ. 11 a p e x a r o I~13, 441 N ,upyrNx 154, 10_]. 06~bsicxeHlie HpIIrIHHbI saHti)I{ellHOro 3lra~eHNSI T p~ M H JI e p a ~a_ cTCSt B pa6oTe IC. A. B a p a a 1' o B o >~ [1C]. Oxa yxa3blBaeT, ~ITO HpH oueH- Ke JIHHeHHbIx uHaMeTpoB cxoriJlexHH Hallo y~HTblBaTb riorJloH~exHe CBeTa, Tal{ Ka K, 9eM ~OJI6Ille IIOr.AOHte$He> TPM 6OJIbIHe HOrpFIIIHOCTH B OI~eHKe RHa- ;yleTpa CI(OIIJIe.HHA. IIO IIIapOBbIM CKOHJ[eHF~ISII~I`BOI'JIOl1jeHPIi, CBeTa, KaK H3BE;CTHO, HOJlygaeT_ CSI C,TIF[HIKOM HpeVMeHbHleHHbIM H B HeKOTOpbIX CJIy~IcZA}E Jjag{C OTpHIjaTE;Jib- I{bIM~ PTO AB.JIOHIIe MOtI{1-Ip O~j1iHCIIHI'b BO-HepBbIX Te,M, tITO IHapOBble CKOIIJIe- HHSI paC11OJ10iiCE;HbI I[a Bb[COI{IiX raJIaKTHileCKIIX IIIHpOTa?;, TOrJjd KdK HOI'J10- T7J;aK)H~&A M8TEp1151 CICOHIIeIITpHpOBaI[a ~,T1H3 IIJIOCKCCTH I~aJIaKTFII{H. BO-B'f0- pblX, CaMH IllapCpBbie CKOHJIeHN51 113yyEHb1 He TaK IIOJIHO I4 K 'rOM~7 axe-TpyJ[- IU) HpaBIIJIbHO yCraHOBl1'C6 HOpMa,llbHb[E'. ItBeTa JjJIR BbIBOJta H36bITKOB LtBE;Ta. 3. ~OJjC~IeTON[ 3Be3J~ ~MC'POJ[ ~. ~. 0 I` O p O Jj H H K O B a, $ O JI b E~ a II -~pyrHX) BeJ1FI~IHHa IIOI'JIOTLtE'.HFIiI OIIpeJte,T[$eTCSI Jt,IlSI JjOBOJIbHO 6OJIbTIIHX paC- CTOffiINF~I H B ATOM CJIyRaE'. J[aJIbHOCTb OrpaH1'IYI~IBaeTCH JIHIIIb HpOHHKaIOLIjeH CIIOCOfJHOCI'bE0 [~[CHOJI63ye&IOI'O 7[HCTpyME'IITa. KaK CTaJIO H3BeCTHO, 06HjE:E: rrorJloH~eH~e onpeJ~eJrsTeT'csI Me'ro>~oM B o.>I b ~ a RoaoJlbxo rpy6o~, Ho~TOMy ~r?aKHM onpe>ze,rleHFlslM He Hpl-IJtalo'r 6oJlbuloro Beca. ORHaxo, K. ~. O r v u o u-~ H H I{ o B 140,, 42.1 J~a.rr y'ro~rHeFUlblr~ McTOA, Ho xo'ropoMy xecpaBHexxo HaAext MHOro saHHMaJIHCb IIyJIKOBCxxe ac'rpoxoMbl [8, 30], BHec- ITIHe. 60JIIbHIt)1%I BKJIaJt (; 3Be3J[I[yK) aC1'pOHOMNiO H B O~JIaCTN H3y4eHHfl O~I7~eI'O iTOI'JIO[L~eHHSI. McTOu 3Be3J(HbIy IIOJjC9e1'OB IIpIIMeHHJIC51 J(JISI peHIE;HIISI OTRe,IIbHbIX 3a,Z[a~i }~ B upyrHt o~cepsa'ropHnx; Tax, Hanp., B A6acTyMaxcxol~ o6cepBaTOpHH F:. K. X a p a u s e 154, 5G ~ Hcc.ne~oBa,rt o6uzee Hor.noH~eHHe B MecTHOH CII- CTBMe N B CKOHJICHNH ~,Tlt)SIJ[. I-IO B IIaCTCSIILjee BpeMSI CO3JjaH0 J[OBOJIbHO MHO- 7'O K2TaJIOT'OB HOI{83aTeJIeK ItBeTa 3I3e3J[ H BMP.CTe C TE M pa3pa6OTaHbI ApyrHe ME;TUJ[bI JjJISI IIOJIy~tE'.HI1ST O61II,erO HOrJIOigeHHSI, a HOTOMy K KpOHOT,TIHBbTN[ 3BE?3JjHbIM HO)~CtIE'IaM HpN6E;ralO'C yN{e peJ~KO. i C _~. T )r s o I3 na!vrlloro pales>Iire yrtasaJl Ira cyur,ecTSOSaIIrTe ~Iexc~3i3e~Rxo^o IlorJro>uex~l~ s cr;flsl"r c o'rTipi~rrHen~T ,")c~c~eKTa T Ii x o B a-FI o p R Ivr a x a X471. I~IAeIo >3 MezroRriry, aprln2erlcxH,y~o T x x of ~ r~I ;vI ;~IO~xno cTTZ3TaTb rzpasraJlbliblMx uaaxe c To*~- xi[ apelllra coapenTelrFloro cocrro~ir~rlsl >Ipoo'JteMbl. ~ Me2o~~on2 ~3 n Jr r~ dl a, IIpIT xce~~axxH, Molxxo izoJrygr3Tb o6ruee >toI'Jtoiuexxe z{.Iisr .nFO6oro Y=IacTria I; iilr~BOroH II FIII~palcpaclror~ o6JlacTx c11es~Tp~. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 1 3~1ecb Ha~>,o [t~[eTr> s BHt1Y 'ro~[bxo n bi Ji e a bi e alrcpcpysEl6ie TyMaxxocT)i, rrocito.iir~lty, Kart r[oxasaJiR I'. A. LII a K H II B. c~, rase 157, rasoBbie uucpc~ysxble ryata 2HHa npartTlt[~teilBHpo~eM , :~ o~TpYAI o ocY~ocpsxrtiao,eROCto,nbxyYMe[uaeT cse J[bl~i (1lQII TyMaHHOCTH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 6 Bsegexl3e 4. AJ[ft onpeueJleHEIft Hs6HpaTeJlbxoro RorJIOHI,eHrasl xa AaJIeKEIx paccTOa- HHAX HJIH RO BCeI{ TO`J1Hje IIaJIaKTE[KI{ H~06XOJ~HNIO ROJIb30BaTbCft, K2K Mbi: yKa3aJIEi BbIRle, BH2raJI8KTHiI2CK1{NIH TYMaHHOCTSIMII_ B H2CTOHH1,eH pa60Te MbI ){ j(,aeM fIOKa3aTeJI1{ L[BeTa BHeraJIaKTH9eCKEIX TYMaHHOCTeH H 13CIIOJIb3yeM I3X JjJ[ft H3ytieHHfl N36HpaTeJIbHOI'O HJIH 061i[er0 ROrJIO1ueA1Efl B I_aJIaKTI~IKe., HapftAy C RpeNMyH1,eCTBdM[{, V 9TEIX 06'beKTOB I{MeK)TCft 'H He1(OCT8TKl3, 'I'aK HaRpHMep: OHEI He BCTpC'{aIOTCft 6JIH3 RJIOCKOCTH ra.RaKTEIKEI; RJIft Orlpe- JjeJI2HEift R36bITKa LjB2Ta Tpyj[EIO yCTaH08EITb HOpNIaJlbHble uB2Ta EI T. H. TeM He M2Hee H B HBCTOftHl,ee BpeMfl BHeraJI1KTH4eCKHe TyMBHHOCTEI yCReLIIHO Rpn- MCHftK)TCft JjJift I{3y9eHHft ROPJ[OIi1,eEIHft. 5. ORpeAe~eHi{e xs6xpaTeJibEloro ROPJ[OH1,e7HHft RO HepeMeHHbIM 3Be3J~aM H, RNIeHHO,-RO Lje(reHJ(aM, B6JIN3N RJIOCKOCTH l aJIaKT1IKEI B03M0}KHO j[O paC- C'iOAHEiN B rJOOO RapCeK E[ 6oJlbule, RpR~ieM MO}KHO C yBepeHHOCTbK) CLIATflTb,. ~f1'O Ha BbIC03(HX raJIdKTH4eCKRX IIIEEpOTBX II,8(peIIAbI BbAXOOMftT 3a I3X 6'b2KT'J rl~aloluero BeluecTBa. IIpeHMyluecTBO uecpeHR RepeA p u uPY 3aKJIK)4ae'rCfl B TOM, ~ITO RO HEINI ROrJIORZeHHe 1~13yuaeTCft, rJI3BEIbIM 06pa30M, B 30He H3heraHl~IA, T. e. B CaMOYI I{ElTepeCH01-I 30He, r1[e 6o.IIbUle BCerO CKOHI~er1- TpRpOBdHO ROPJIOLI>;alOHl,erO BeRjeCTBa. TaKHM 06pa30M, B CMbICJIe RCCJIejjO- BaHI{fl raJIaKTHUeCKOPO ROI'J[OI1LeHRA, BHeraJ18KTH4eCKHe TyMBHHOCTH I3 Ller~e- LIII,bI J~OROJIHftIOT Apyr Rpyra, TaK K8K Ta,{M, , rjle OTCYTCTByK)T BHeraJIaKTI3TIe-' CKI{C TyMaHHOCTH, H2XOj[RTCft ~IOJIbIIIe Ltey~eH1[ H HaOCOpOT. PTO H ftBHJIOCb ROBOZ(OM TOPO, 4T0 MbI Bbl~paJlEl DTI{ 06'beKTbl Aft EIBY4E- HHft ROrJ1011[eHHfl B I'aJIaKTNKe. fj, I~I3yueHNeM paCRpel[eJIeHEtft J~EiCpChy3HbIX TYMaHHOCTeI3 B. A. A M 6 a p- 1[ y M A H R ~. r? I' O p lI e JI a J~ 3 2 151 yCTaHOBHJIEI, YTO ROrJI0Iij810IIjaSI CpeJja B I'aJIaKTI{Ke He RpeJI,CTaBJIfleTCfl eJ1HHOA H CRJIOHIHOI{ H 3a ROrJIOLi1,eH13e OTB2TCTB2HHbI OTjjeJlb,Eilb}I~e ANCKpeTHble 06JIaKa, T. e. RCrJIOLLT,eHAe KJIO~IKOB3- ,p0, j~pHMeH2I[g2M I1Ky1CNy+~HbIX TYMi1HHOCTeiI yCTaHOBJI2HbI RJIOTHOCTb HOrJIC- lil,aI0II1,eF[ MBTepHN B IIaJIaKTHKe H RpyrHe XapaKTepEICTAKI{. 000TBeTCTByEO- Iu1fe McTOjjbI OCHOB2HbI Ha Z[ORy1EIeHEIi{, t[TO i[bIJ12Bbie j1,EI~Cpy3Hble TyMaHHOCTl{ TO}KJI,eCTBeHHbI C ROrJIOH1,aIOR-[HMK RbIJIeBbIMH O~JI2K8MH, KOTOpble OTBeTCT- BCHHbI 3a ROr.RO1L1,eHHe CBeTa 3Be3jI,. ~TO jjORylueHNe He BbI3bIBaeT COMH0HHI3, ~.OTfl B HaCTOAIi+}le,,+}e,, BpeMft, OJ[HdKO, COJIbIIIRHCTBO aCTpOHOMOB CKJIOHHeTCH LC iV[bICJIEI, 9T0 AH`}~~t'Y3Hble TYMaHHOCTi{, H1X0~[ftR~EIeCft B6JIR3EI ropft~Elx (paH- HHX~ 3Be3A, reHeTl{~IeCKEt CBft3aHbI Me}Klly C060I3, K2K Ha 3T0 yKa3bIBaJI1[ I'. A. III a H H H B. ~, I, a s e (571. PTO AoC TO KH s exElx KoTOpo%ios o6pa~ c pa6oTOH A. I4. JI e.6 e u H x c x o r o (32], P 30B2HHEI 3Be31[ yuaCTByK)T KOCMHYECKHEI ra3 H RbLllb. rlpI-I RaHHOM COCTOSiHI3Ei HaHIRX 3HaHH1{ He BbI3bIBaeT COMH2HEII3 j(ORyR.[eHl-Ie, ~ITO JjEIC~(~y3HbIE TYMaH- HOC1'H1 TO}K~eCTB2HHb1 C ROrJIOLuaK)RIEININ 06JI8KaMN, RO~TOMy MOCHOBbIBa ORpeJ~eJlflTb BeJII{9EIHy E[3hElpaTeJIbHOI'O EIJII{ 06Hi,erO ROrJIORIeHEifl, flCb 1{a XapaKTepl{CTHKaX 3Be3j[, HBXOj[ftI.uHXCft 3a TYNIaHHOCTAMElL. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 IIO ,i[N(~)(~y3NbIM 'PyMdI1HOC'ISFM MO}KHO T8K}Ke IIOJIy~INTb OTHOIIIeHNSI OFJ- ti1ler0 NOI'JIOII1,eHNA K N3~b1TKy u,BeTa, ~_ ~~~ ~CM. [132, 71]. 7. ~.NeK'1'p0(~OTOM2TpN9eCI{Ne FpajjN2HTbI JI,aIOT B03M03I{HOCTb HOJIy~INCb 3aKOH IIOI'JIOLgeHNSI: ~ = b ? ~-U. ~,,TISI 9T01'O CpaBHNBaK)TCSI ME?KJ~y, COC)OI3 3Be3j[a, CNJIbHO OKpaNIEHH~SI NOl'JIOI.IjeHN('M, II 3Be3JZa, HC NOABepl'IIIi1SIC5I HOKpaCHCHNFO. CpaBH2HNe HHTCFI+ CNBHOCI'N HeNpepbIBHOI'O CH2KTpa O~eNX 3Be3,q ,I{aeT B03M0}KHOCTb J(OBOJIbI3() y132peHH0 OHpeJIeJISI'Tb 3IIaLIeHNE` p, B 3aKOHe HOI'JIOII(eHNf{. KaK H3BeCTH(), 3Ha1HIe 3aKOHa HOCJIOII(eHNfl Jt,ae'I' B03M0}KHOCTb JIerKO HepeBeCTN N3~NpaTe,Rb- IIOe IIOI'J[OIll,ellNe. I3 o6u>;ee. PsIR aBTOpOB [ 107, 133, 37, 122] yC1'aHOBNJIN, ~ITO BeJIN~[NHa GG AJISt BuAII- NIOFI ~Ii1CTN CHeKTpa ~JIN3Ka K eJ[NHNN,e; 9T0 yKa3bIBaeT Ha TO, TI 1'O Hp206JIa'- J(atOHjee. LINCJIO yaCTNI>, B NbFJICBbIX 06JIdK8X NMeeT pa3MepbI HOpSIJI,Ka J~JINHbI BO,TIIIb[ P == C ? 1 0 ' CM. C.TIe,IjOBaTeJIbHO, 97'OT Me7'OJ[ JjaeT B03M0}KHOCTb N3yLIaTb 1feK07'Opble (~)N3NVe.CKNe XapaKTepNCTHKN J~NCp(hy3HOI~I MBTepNN. BOOhTIje, NIeJT,y> NpON3BOJ[SIIi1,yI0 paCCeSIHNe CBCTa,-Ha OCHO- BdIINN c~oTOrpa(~N~ecF{Nx N xo,nopNMeTpI'IxecxuX xa6JrloAexNK, 6} ux RNHa- MNIleCI{Ne XapaKTepNCTHKN---HO 3Be3JJ,aM, H2XOj[SIIijNMCSI B 9TNX }Ke TyMr1N- I[OC7'SIX, B~ CTpyKTypy N (~3N3N4eCKNe yCJTOBNA--IIO CB2TJIbIM JjNC~({~)73HhI11( `FyMBHHOCI'AM. I3 JIaHHOYt pa60Te N3yilellNe Nb[JI2BbIX TyMBHHOCTeII NpON3B0- ;'I,NTCft, I'JIaBIIbIM 06pa30M, Ha OCHOBe KO.)IOpNMeTpN~IeCKNX J[aHHbIX. ~. (~eN{3Be3J~HbIFI Cy6CTpa7' flBJIAe'PCH lIpN9NHOI3 O~pa30B8HNSI Me3K3Be3J1;- HbIX JINHNN ~l {i K. ,~Jlfl HeKOTOpbIX HaNpaBJI2HNI?I yCTaHaBJINBaeTCS{ KOppeJISI'- I[NSI Mex[J>,y N3~bTTKOM 11,Be'I'a N NH'reHCNBHOCTb10 Me}K3Be3J~HbIX JINHNI3. Kat? HOKa3aJl pnJt NCCJ[eJ),OBiIHNN, 9Ta 3aBNCNMOCTb IIOJIy~IaeTCSI IIpHMOJINHel'3HOli. PTO IIOHSI'I'TiO, TIOCKOJIbKy NHTCH('NBHOC'Cb M2N{3Be3J[HOI~I JINHNN J1,OJI}L{Ha ySeJIN- ~INBdTbCA C. pa CCTOSIHNCNt, a C. paCCTOSIHNeM CBSI3aH N N36bITOK ll;BeTa. BOO~H);C CKNT2IJIOCb, ~[TO Me}F{3Be3JjHblYl 1'a3 B raJIaKTNKe paCHpeJ),eJI2H paBHOMepHCI?, OJjHaKO, eCJ[N IIpNHflTb, ~[TO 9NCTO Ta30Bble J1,NC~C~y3Hble TyM2HHOCTN I'eHeTN- T{eCKN C13513aHb[ C paHI1NNIN 3BC3JI,aMN ~ N B~ [57], TO TOl'Jja OKa}KeTCR, LITO paCNpeJ[eJ[eHNC ra30Bb[X TyMi1HHOC'I'et~I BOBCe He OJ(HOpOJjHO, HO, HO CpaBH2HNF0 C HNMN, NbIJICBbI('. TyMaHHOCTN 6o.nee HCOjjHOpOJ~HbI. B HocJIeJiHee BpeMSi npNxsiTO c~INTa'rb, x'ro rJie NpucyTCTByeT HbIJIb, NQ- BNJ[NMOMy TaM NNteIO'rCSt H ra30Bble ~IaC.'I'NII,bI Me}K3Be3JjHOI'O Cy6CTpaTa, HO ?/?"- 43epA{JjaTb O~paTHOe HeJIb3H. , ~3y~ICHIdC NOTJI011[eHNfl eBe'I'a B TaJIaKTNKe 6bIJi0 HaHaTO HaMN B 193f}~ I'Oj[y. ~JISI 9'1'01-I I~BJIN ,CHauaJla, B Ka~IeCTBe O~~eKTOB 6bIJIN Bb16paHbI HaMYI` BHeraJIaKTNtIeCKNe TyMaHIIOCTN H 3Be3J[bI. IIpN 9TOM HO O~bIlIHbIA~I 3Be3JjaM NOI'JIOLI[etlNe NIbI N3yl[a,11N Ha MBTepNaJIe, HOJIy~IaeMOM xa 20-cM xa- MepaX 40-CNI. pe(~paKTOpa, a NO BHeraJIaKTNTIeCKNM TyMaHHOCTSIM-Ha 36-CNI alla~eppaIjNOI1HOYt KaMepe. 3aTeM MbI NpNCTyNNJIN K N3yTI2HNI0 HOPJIOIL(eHNSI CBeTa C HOMOII>.bFO OIIpeJjeJIeHNSI HOKa3aTeJIeI3 I>;B2Ta HepeMeHHbIX 3Be3p, THHa r~e(~eNJt. ~TOI'O NopsrJr,xa N ~yJteM Hpuliepx{uBaTbcsl Hpu N3,nox{exuu Hacrox- II>,eH pa6oTbr. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 B caMOM xa~Ia.~e HacTOSIU~eH pa6oTbl Mbi ocTaxosHMCR Ha oHHCaxxH H 44CCTIej(0B8HHH Ha~TIIOJjaTeJIbHOI'O H JIa60paTOpHOCO FiHCTpyMBHTapHx, xoTf)- ~bIM MbI II0JIb30BaJIHCb npH BbIHOJIHeHHH HaHIeI"[ pa60TbI. I4CC.TIeJ.jOB8HHI0 na60- ~paTOpHbIX IIpH60pOB H2MH yJ(eJIeHO ~0JIbHIOe BHHMBHHe BBHAy TOTO, LITO Jia60- ~:aTOpHaSI .06pa6OTKa MBTepHaJta HBJIHeTCA 01[I{NM H3 CBMbIX Ba7KHbIX 3JICMeH- TOB.He T0.lIbKO HaIIIerO I~[CCJ[eAO68HHA,:HO.H BCeX pa60T ROJ~OC)HOI'O pOAa. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 AIIIIAPATyPA ICI METOZ(I~IKA ? ]. I-Ia6.nrop,a'reJlbrlblw HIICTpyMeHTHpN1%I ~IITPILIECKc15I CXEMa aHa~eppall,[~IOHHOI4 KaMEpbI, C KOTOp0I3 MbI BbIIIOJIHH- ILH HaHIH OCIIOBIIbtE Ha~J[IOJ~EHHH, I1pEj[CTaBJIEHa Ha iIEpTE?KE I. K1MEpa CMbii- THpOSaHa IIa HapaJIJIaKTHYECF{OM lIITaTI~IBE, KOTOpbIiI CHaF}KEH PHpEBbIM zIaCO- 36IM McXaHH3MOM. ~OKaJIbHOe HOJIE I3 yKa3aHFI0II K2MepE C(~EpH~IECKOE H HOOTOMy IIpHXOJ.[HT- i'S[ IiOJIb30Ba'CbCSi (~OTOIIJIEHKaMH. AHa~eppall,HOHIIyfO I{aD4Ep}~, HECMOTpSi Ha Ha.TIHHHE B HeI3 JIHH3bI, Hy7KH0 'CrIIdTaTb HO~I1'H CBO6OJ~HOI1 OT XpO1VIa'IIIIIECKOI3 a6eppauHH, K3K Ha OTO yKa3Ia1- IIaaIH B cBOei'I pa6o~'e LI. r. r o p ~[ e JI a A 3 e H E. K. X a p a A s e [19~. OHTH~ecI{IIe HapaMeTpb1 axa6eppauHOxxoH KaMep~bl cJ1eAy[oruHE: AHa- METp CC~epH~IECI{OPO 3EpKaJIa 44~I NIM, J[HaMETp KOppEKL[HOHHOI3 JIHH3bI 3~r?() MM, ~OKyCHOe paCC'I'OSIIINE C(~)EpHTIECKOPO 3epKaJIa 625 MM; CJIEIjOB2TEJIbHO, MaC- iHTa~ 'faI{OB, ~I1'O IO MM COOTBe1'C'IByET 55r a CBP.TOCHJIa HHC'IpyMEHTa 1:I.1~I, T. E. OKOJIO I~2. ~IEBHHbETHpOB7HHOE i[OJIe, HMeET paJ~HyC I?'S5'. TaKHM 06pa- 30M, IIOJIE HaIIIECO HHC1'p)/MEHTa MO}I{HO CYHTBTb BHOJIHE CE3yIIpETIHbIM BHyTpTi ,CpyT'a jjFiZMC'IpOM 4?. I!I3 tIEpTE}I{fl I SICHO, LITO y KaMepbI HEBHHbETHpOBaIIHOE fO,gHOE IIOJIe paBHO: A~- - I)I ~~ _ I '% S I V{Id AJIa pa3HbIX CJIViIaeB (F. ~? b~r~ --- xa axaoe a- i IIpLI Ilcno!n~sosaalilr (}~oTOil.nerLhx ~c~-scrat{~reJtbltoc~rc,{o 5D00 ~~- pP" gxoxlloH xanlepe sa 4 o'n)c;n ti~IaaMeIIH1I~('FI~t17['rblo a Ic.rTy~Iae npYlyleBelxrasl raxoit rI*IetlKi . RHItasT a cj~opMy.te (a) ~{ . Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 1~ -- ----- 1' 7 a B a 7I e p a a sr KaYeCTBe N3MepNTeJIbHOI'O ripN60pa Jj,IISI C~OTOHeI'aTNBOB H2MN 6bIJI NC- I[OJIb30BflH [~)OT09JIeKTpN~IeCKNH MNKI)O(~OTOM2Tp KOHCTpyKLjNN $, b. I I N K O- fi O B a, NpNHL[NHNaJIbHaft OHTNiIP.CKaA CXeMa I{OTOpOI'O jjaeTCR Ha ~IepTe}Ke `~, yKa3aHHbItI MNKpO(~OTOMeTp Hy}KHO C~INTaTb H2CKOJIbKO yCOBepLIIeHCT63- L'aHHbIM HO CpaBHeLINK) C HepBbIMN 9K3eMNJI51paMH, BbINVLL~eHH6IMN B COBeT CKOM COf03e 3a LIOCJIeJ~HNe I'OJjbI. I-IOjjpOCHOe OIIHC2HNe 3TOI'O MNKpO(~OTU- McTpa 1[aeTCH B CTBTbe $, $. II N K O H O B a [39], a T20pNft MNKpO(pOTOMCT- pa--B pa6oTe A. B. M a p K o B a [36]. ~I os LIepTe}t, 2 6aBa`bo I-Ie 114NKp0(~)OTOMeTpe NMeeTCft aBTOMaTIiY2CKaft (~OKYCNpOBKa. KpOM~ i'OPO, C OjjHOI'O N TOI'O x{e OKy.IIftpa O;; NpON3BOJjSITCH OTC4eTbI LLIKaJIbI I'aJlb- BdHOMeTpa, a TaKN{e NpNBOj(NTCN 3Be3z[a Ha KpeCT HNTeI3 j{JI$ N3MepeHNSi. ~OKyCNpOBKa NJIaCTNHI{N NpOBepfteTCft KaK ~Iepe3 0;,, TdK N ilepe3 O4. I-IpRN1r)- ti'POJIbHble KOOpjjNHclTbl OTCYHTbIBaIOTCSI Yepe3 Off, N1XOj[ftLI~NI3Cft pSIJjOM C OKy- 1[SIpOM O? zI'CO BeCbMa yJj06H0 HpN Ii3MepeHNAX. IjOJ[bIIIOe BHNMBHNe 6bI110 V1[eJIeHO HaMIi NCCJIC,IjOBdIIItLO MNKI)O(~OTOtieTpa N LIa~JIfOJjaTBJIbHOI'O NHCTpt~- t~ieLITa, K N3JI03I{eHNIO 9eP0 Mbt N NpNCTyNNM. `Z. OIIIMijKa f~OKYCNpOBKN ilJl$CTNHKN B MFiKI70(pOTOMCTpC IIpN N3MepeHNN BeJIN4NIIbt 3Be3Jj C HOMOIL[bI0 MNKpO(~]OTOM2Tpa, Ita (~O- 7'OPpa(~N~IeCKNX NJIBCTNHKaX N3MepSIK)1'CA HJIOTHOCTLL NJIN NOTiepHeHNA, BbI3- BBHHble Ha HJ[aCTNHKe HOTOKOM JIygNCTOii OHepi'I~N 3BC3Jj. I~I3MepeHNSI HpON3BOjjftTCH C.7IeZ[yfOLI),NM 06pa30M. Ha NJIaCTNHKy HaJ~aCT IIy40K .IryYeI~I B BN,i(e Kpyl'JIOI'O ~JINKa. yKa3aHHbIId CJ[NK, BO BpeMx N3MepeHNA, ILaBOJjNTCft TO Ha 3Be3j[y, TO Ha (~OH NJIaCTNHKIi, L'CJICJjCTBNe LI2I'O IIpONCXO,gH; C)OJIhL(Iee LIJIN M2HbLNee NOt',TIOLC[~HNe yKa3aHHOI'O HygKa HOLIepH2HHbIMN LIa- C'CSIMIi NJIaCTNHKN. I'I311IepeHNe (~OHa NI)ON3B0,/~NTCSI B~JIN3N OT NBMepReMOI3 3Be3j[bI. ~TO IieO~XOj(NMO B CBSI3N C TeM, uT0 Mbi He MO}KeM pyyaTbCSI 3a Oj[HOpO,ZjHOCTb cp0- L[a NO BCeI~ NJIaCTNHKe. I-IOCKOJIbKy C~)OH Ha (pOTOIIJIaCTNHKe 06pa3yeTCSI, TJIa6= HbIM 06pa30M, OT CBeLIeHNSi HOYHOI'O xe6a NOT IIpOHB,TIeHNft (ByaJlb), TO NC- LIO, LiTO COOTBQTCTBylO[IjNe 603j(eFICTBNft He SIB,TIfIIOTCA 06ft3aTeJIbHO O;T~HOPO.~- H bIM N. CXeMa N3MepeHNHyileI`aTNBHOI'O MBTe NaJIa p B HaIIIeM cJtyYae C AByMSI- (ihOTOi'pa(~NYeCKNMN N (~OTOBN3yaJIbHbIMN-N306pa}I{eHNAMNl, TBKOBa: 3Be3'~a iIIopsr~ox xa6.nlo,lellFrft rz ne.ny~rertiift ~Byti i~Iaobpa}Itexx~ Ha onxoH rinac2xi;~ sBesz[. TOr~[a: S, - ~c~(ni ), (1.19) rqe gy(m) xeKaropasl (hyxxnl~sl ;ryes-uHOU seJIK~InHbI. LITO6bI HoJlyxnTb .ny~I~- rTyK) 9HeprNIO, HpOIIIeJ[Illyl0 4epes [IJIOII[atl,b 3P~e3j[H0I'0 II3O6pa>KeHIi~I, Hy}XFiQ Hpar~yx) ~rlcrb neproro par~ellcl'aa (1.18) yMlloxcHTb Ha S, . T. e. I`,.:_ ~. Pr ~-Iubt 06O3IIa~iPINr 4epe.3 Ni O11?r (',V]jeT pariHa: If "-'~~~~~ - CP~111~~F -ky. 2. ~rn.,iJr. ~6~cr. as:~rpoc31. oGc., N~ 13 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 ~$ I'naea nep~?ast ,,~,. CKJraAblBax I:~ x I~~, rloJlyuHM: I;~, =IoS~p(In)r.-k~"+y)-~..IoS[1-cp(at)je : y? (1.21) I'IO 'OTF)pOC raJIbB8HOM8Tpa jjJISI 3Be3j~bl paBeH: nj =1~1:G6 ,. TorAa, rloucTas~-six cloAa sxaxeHi?Ie I:~? rloJIyYHM: n; =19?IoSe-~`y[ylmle-I"`-cp(m}-{-1). (1.22) AHaJIOCH~IHO, JjJIH n~ HaCIHIIIeM: n, =1~.I~, X1.23) HO ,I(JIH I TO}Ke MO}KHO HaIIFICBTb ypaBHeHHe BHJja { 1.`L 1) ; Hyx{HO JIHHIb iIpI3HATb, ~ITO ca(m) =0. TorRa 6yReM I3MeTb: 1; =IoSe-ks'? _ B cHJIy paBexcTBa (1.23), HoJIy~IHM: ., nf=IoSe-kY. (1.24) ECJIH BocnoJlbsosaTbcsl c~opMyJlou (1.2) , noJty4HM AJix BeaIHVHHbI E: ~IoSe-ks'[c~(tn)e-ks - ca(m) -}- 1] E (1.25) _ JI~Se-kY K OKOH4aTeJIbHO: E=1-)-~P(ln)[e kX--1)?1-"cp(m)ll-e-kx) (1.26) KaK MbI BI3ReJ[x Bb[HIe, X H c~ (m) SIBJIHK)TCSI (~yHKL~HHMI3 3Be3j[HOII Be- J[HYHHbI FI, COPJIaCHO ypasxexHlo (1.26), 3Ha~IeHHe E SIBJIHeTCH (pyHKI[HeI%I OZ[HOK JII-IHIb 3Be3RHOF3 BeJII3LII~IHbI (npH yCJIOBHH, ~ITO Ha MIIKpO(~OTOMeTpe I?I3MepeHl[SI IIpOI33BOJ~SITCSI BC2rjIa npI?I OJ~HOM H TOM x{e 6JIHKe, T. e. IIpH O,Ij- HOM K TOM }{{e S), qT0 H Tpe60BaJIOCb j[OKa3aTb1. PaBeHCTBO (1.26) cnpaseRJIHBO uax{e B TOM CJ[y~iae, eCJIH [pOH IIJIaCTIiH?' KH 3aMeTHO HepaBHOMepHbIH, OAH3K0,-HpH yCJIOBHl3 [-I3MepeHI3H (~OHa B ile- rlOCpeJ~CTB2HHOF3 6JII~I3OCTH OT I33MepHeMOI%I 3Be3j[bI. I~aK MbI yKa36IBaJ[Ft BbILIIe, COPJIICH0 3aBHCHMOCTI3 (1.26), E slsJlsleTCx ~yHl{I~I3e4i 4~(m) I3 X, HO B CBOIO OtIepeJ~b, CorJlacxo pasexcTay (1.18), ~P (m) 3aBI3CHT OT S H S CJIej(OBaTeJIbIi0, E TBKNCe JZOJI}I{HO SIBJISITbCSI CpyHKI~FieI-I S H Si, T. e. E ,i[OJI}I{HO 3aBFIC2Tb ICaK OT 3Be3AHOI~i BeJIH~II~IHbI, Bblpa}KaeMOI3 IIJ[O- IIjaJ~b10 S,? Tc1K Id OT IIJIOILjaJ~I'I 6JIHKa S, IIaJjatOIljerO Ha IIJI8CTI3HKy. bbIJIO 6bI }KeJIaTeJIbH0 3MHIIHpHYeCKH yCTaHOBHTb 3aBHCFiMOCTb BeJII3~II-IHbI E OT iIJIOT_i~a- j(H S ZjH(~parMbl I3JIH 6JIHKa. C 3TOFI IjeJIbK) Mbi H3MepHJIH Ha HaIIIeM MHKpO- ~OTOM2Tpe A3O6pa}KeHI~Ie OJ~HOI-I I3 TOI?I 3Ke 3BC3AbI RpH iI2TbIpeX pa3HbIX ,I[H1- (~parMaX. I~e3yJIbT3TbI H3MepeHHH J~aIIbI B Ta~J[HL[e I. B J[eBOI?I IiOJIOBFIHe Ta6JIIIgbI J~aeTCSI I33MepeHHe YICKyCCTBeHHbIX t 3Be3J~>- KaIIeJIeK, HaHCC2HHbIX TyLIIbK) Ha LIHCTOI?I CTeKJISIHHOI-I IIJIICTI3HKe; I~I3 HHX ]jBe TyIIIeBble TOUKI~I pa3HON T-IepHOTbI IIpHHSiTbi 3a JjBa I~t3O6pa}KeHIISI (fpr, (pB) . B npaBOK rIOJIOBIIHe Ta6JIIII~bI AaeTCR H31GIepeHHC 3Be3AbI .C ,1(ByMx H30~pax{e- i cI~opMy.ay (1.26) mloxcHO npxBecTII x cpopMy.ne (1.6), RaxxoH s ~ 2. J~ocTaTO~xo I~~ISI 3TOro s c(~op;vly.ne (1.26) saMeHeT~ rq(m), Coraacxo (1.19), vepea SL , a e-~x co- ?r.nacxo (1.18)-*~epea I*. f Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 3Ili5IMH B (~OTOI'pa(~)H~IeCKI~IX H (j)OTOBFI3ya.JIbHbIX JIV?IaX, CHSITOII Ha HJIeHKe . KaK BHJjHO H3 'I'a~.1lHgbi, BeJIHLiHHa 1: yMeHbHIaeTCSI C yMeHbHI2HH2M j[Ha- ueTpa ~JiHKa, I3 yMeHbI[IeHHe HpOHCXOJ~HT T2M ~bICTpee, T3eM 6O.1IbHIe H3O6pa- >KeHHe 3Be3j[b[. MbI BH~H1Vl, ~ITO C yMeHbIIIeHHeM J~HaMeTpa J~Ha(ppaI'MbI HJII3 ?().IIHKa, yM2HbHIaeTCSI H 3HaLIeHHe F H IIOKa3aTeJIb B;BeTa 3Be3,11,bI, 000TB2TCT- BeHtTO. CJtej[OBBTe.i[bHO, HpH H3MepeEiHH 3Be3Z(bI C M2HbIIIEYI JjHalppaI'MOYI, Ta6JINga 1 Bbl~o~a 1'')3MCpC11}Ie NCICyCCTBOHHOFt 3BC3Ab[ IiI3MEpCHHe 3Be3]jbI .c ~ I5a r~nra37~f70 3aln~d3C"'3^b aa'~r~a3a 3olo~S8~a3oL aa`brz8ga z ,E DMM ~ l lJ.l; ? ? DMM r +po ~ ~ (1-F~~) (1-E~B)I ~ ~ ? ? ~1 ~ B4~~) (1-L~a) IIIZ ~ u u z e~ wwv; ww~i z a I.OOMm 0.30 o.zo o.I o 993(eo7) 935(065) 838(162) 3051695) 893(17) ~ -{-o.g'~ .993 I.oomM 878(Izz) -}-0 63 q2I o.30 gz8(zyz) ~ -(-o.S3 8za o.zo z95 o.Io 9971003) 991(009) 959(041) 9zo(o8o) c~c~0(720); c~Ig(182) 57z14z8) -- -{-o.qz -{-0.'70 ~0?~}5 995 6 ~~I Szo ~Iloxasa'reJlb HBeTa cl-icTeMaTHilecKN yMeHbulaeTCSi, ecJlx sBes~a Kpacxasl, a E'CJ[I3 3Be3Z[a ~e,itaSl, HOBHRNMOIvIy, 6yJ~eT O~paTHbIYI O(~CpeKT. ~ICHO, T3T0 OTOT 3(~(~)eKT M2HbHIe, HJIH BOBCe OTCyTC1'ByeT, KOi',ll;a MbI H31VIepSIeM C Oj);HOI3 H TOYi 1Ke Z[Ha(~pai'MOYI KflF{ HCC.JIeJ);yeMyK) 3Be3Zjy, T3K H 3Be3JjbI CTBHZ(apTHOI~ HOJISIp- IIOi3 HOCJIe,gOBaTeJIbHOCTH. IIOCMOTpHM, KaK ~yJ(yT COOTBe'rCTBOB2Tb H3MepeHHHiVi jT,aHHble, BbI~IHC- J[eHHbie HO yKa3aHHOI3 (~OpMyJIe. ]I,JIH 3TOI'O B (~OpMy.JIy (1.26) BHeCeM 3HflLICHHe cp (rrI) H3 pasexcTSa (1.19) . B TaxoM cJly~Iae HoJIy~IHM: S, li= -~~ (e ~~~`-1)-~-1 rune E=1- ~? (1- e-~~x), (1.27) rJ~e S H S; I~IMeIOT npex{IIHe o6o3HaLieHrlsl. IIpH H3MepeHHH OJ~HOY[ H TOYI 3I{e 3Be3JjbI C pa3HbIMH ~.III3KaMH, McHSIeTCfI .FIH[IIb HJIOIgaJ(b S HOC.IIeJjHHX. B TaI{OM CJIy~Iae BeJIIiuHHy ~~ -- e~-~~~'~ MO3KH3 paCCMdTpHBa1'b K8K TIOC'I'OSIHHyfO, H BBeJ_(E'M JjJIH Hee O6O3Ha~3eHHe p, K$K B 5 2, TOI'Jja HaHHHI2M: p - 1 _.?..e._a:~; I3JII3 p = (1 - ~~ ~. l\ If X10, He HyN{HO 38~bIBa'1'b, tI'r0 BeJII39HHa p J>;JIH 3Be3~ pa3HbIX BH,ZjHMbIX Be.1IH~IHH K JjJISi pa3HbIX OKCIIO3IiI1,HYI pa3JIHLIHa, T. e. RB.TISIeTCH B OTONI CMbIC.JIe rlepeM2HHOI3. MbI paCCMa'I'pllBaeM ee KaK HOCTOSiIIHyK) npH H3MepeHHII OJ~HOYI I[ TOY[ )xe 3Be3,Z1,bI HpH pa3HbIX J~Ha(~parM3X Ha MHKpO(~OTOMOTpe. B TBKOM CJIy~Ia( ypaBHCHIIe. (1.27) MbI &IO3I{eM HepeHI~CaTb 'B Bl3jje: E = 1 - S` p. (1.28) Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 =i-E. (i.z9y Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 B ypaBEteHHH (1.28) I3eJIHYHHa p saBHCIiT oT KoJIHYecTBa pasJlo}xexsor~~ B 3MyJIbcHH McTaaIJlxYecxoro cepe6pa, T. e. oT seJIHYHIibi ssesjjbl. , BeJIHYHHa p, K8K BHAHO H3 HpIIBeAeHHOTO BbIIIIe Bblpa}KeHIIH AJIft Hee, MO}KeT McHftTbCft B Hpej(eJ[aX 0~a Ha BpeMSI t Bbtxogt~T Ica csoero Hepaolia~anbxoro MecTOrlaJloxceHHR N Ha~iFtHaeT ~KCnoHNpoBaTbcft #Ia ApyroH uaCTN 3MynbCNN, HO COCej[CTBy C OOF[1~BHblM rlso6paxcexNeM o6pa- i3yeTCft CKpbITOe N30~pax{eHNe ra. IIpeAHOnaraeTCft, IITO BbIXOJ~ 3Be3J[b[ N3 NepBOPO MCCTOHOJIOxteHHft HpOH- CXOJ~NT Ha KOpOTKOe BpeMft N 9KCH03NgNft O'1'HOCNTCft K ObJIaCTN HCAOj(ep?KeK 'KapaKTepNCTHUeCKOH KpNBOI~. ' YCnOBNft rNANpOBc'1HNft MOryT 6bITb pasnNUHb[. I) Bb[XOA 36e3JjbI HpoN;.- KOJ.I;NT 04eHb ~IaCTO H Ha j[OBO.TIbHO p,JII1HHbt4t HpOMexCT[~ipOBaHI?ISI MO?I{HO BLITIHC:II4ITb I3 HC'9 IIOCOP.JICTBCHHO, 31IE15[ OIITI~I~I( CI{Ne JI,aHHble FIHCTpyNIE',HTa. J~J[SI fi3yi[e1IFISI NR(~)d~ J F(l}R(~)d~ 0 ~[JIfl OnpeAeTleHHfl 3Ha~IeHxSI f AJIfl yKa3aHHbIX (~xJIbTpOB H nJIeHOK MhU BOCIIOJIb30BaJIHC6 Tpy64aTbIM (~IOTOMeTpOM. tI0 nOJIy~IeHHbIM HIKaJIK3M CTpOHJIHCb XapaKTepxCTx~IeCKxe KpxBble x n4 CHCTeMe XZ[ 0HpeAeJIAJI3Cb LIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb, KOTOpafl paBHa [24]: PAC IC-HeK0T0pbII3 HOCTOAHHbIF[ K03I~(~HIjI-IeHT, Ht -'3KGH03HI~xa Hpx TOLIK? xxepu-xx B eAHxxuax CMS (cBeua-McTp-cexyHAa). 11OCTOflHHaSI ~C 6bIJIa IIpxHRTa XapTepoM x ~(pxcpcpxJlbAoM pasxoH 34' A.nfl BCeX H.IIaCTxHOK H A~fl BCeX MOHOXpOMflTxLIeCKHX JIy~IeH. BeJIx~Ixxa k flBJ[fleTCfl n03TOMy yCJIOBHOF~. 0Z[HBKO; AAA HaHIePO cJty~Iafl; 3HaHHe 3HaT{eHHR k He CyH~eCTB2HH0, IIO- CKOJIbKy B AaJlbHei3HI2M OHO COKpaHjaeTCfl. ~JIfl HaHII3X (~xJIbTpOB, B KOM6HHaII,xH C yKa3aHHbIMx `ipOT03MyJIbCxflMx, MbI nOJIy~Ix.Tix BeJIxYxHbI, HpeACTBBJIeHHb[e B Ta6JIHUe VII. Ta6.nHua VII 06(~^~+n ~2HJ[bT~ ~M}'J(bC}IH 6['3 sr3 rr1l I'I'I I cLtc I~I30HilHX~0M CHIC YI30H8HX~?0 ht a.~ 3.0 r.6 ~.a IIpH KaJIx6pOB3Hxx Tpy~Lia1'bIA~I I~OTOMeTpOM MbI nOJIb30BaJII3Cb AHeBHbIM CB2TOM; IIOCKOJIbKy paCIIpeAeJI2HHe 3HepPxH B COJIHeYHOM CneKTpe Hy}Kx0 CLIxTflTb 60JIee 6Jtx3KxM K x3yTlaeMbIM HBMx 06'beKTflM, ~eM y Apyrxx xcTO~I- HHKOB CBeTa. HOJIyLI2HHble 3Ha~IeHxfl KpaTHOCTx CpxJIbTpOB C AaHHOx 3MyJIb- CxeI3 ~yAyT HBCKOJIbKO xHbIMx AJ(fl aHa6eppauHOHH0I-i K1Mepbi. ECJIH B 3TOM CJIy~Iae CneKTpaJIbHOe nOPJIOHZeHHe B HHCTpyM2HTe O6O3Ha~IFIM ~epe3 ~(~)~ 'POD ypasxexxe (1.37) nepenxHleTCSI B BxAe: (I.3s} Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Arlnapa~F'y~Ia x McTORxxa Ta6JINua VII >3bhINCJJeHa xaMH no (1.37) N, oTi{asaBlui~cb oT .Bbiy~acJr~- HHA ee IIO I~OPMyJle (1.38), Nlbl ' Npexe6perJIN He3Ha9HTCJIbHO1I pa3HNIjeI~I. KaK BNjjHO LI3 Ta~JI41IJ,b1 1~II, 3Ha~IeHNSI KpaTHOCTH HeB2JINKIi, TaK Kax{ I~OTOHJIeHKN ~paJINCb LIyBC7'BN7'e.11bHble KO BCeMy BN~7,NMOMy CH2KTp~%. ~IpI=I yHOTpe~J1eHNN N{e.1IT01'O (pNJIb'1'pa t3 KOM~NHaI[NN C 06bILIHOI~I t~OTOi'pc1(~NLIeCK0~1 IIJIACTFTHKON, 9yBCIBIlTeJ16HOC'CbIO p,0J000:~, KpaTHOCTb HOJIy~IaeTC53~OJIbIDO~e ~. OHpC,gE;J1eH67e 9[#I[~-eK7'HBHbIX JI,.TINH BOJIH HaiIIe&I CNCT~M1sI ~IpH ONpeJl,eJIeHNH HOKa3aTPJIE;I~i L[Be"Pa TyMflHHOCTeII, ue(~eHj[ N O~biiIHhIR 3Be3J~ Mbt HOJIb30Ba.11NCb, KIIK CKa38H0, ILIOTTOBCKNMN~ CpNJIbTpaMk[ ~1~3 ~3 ~'I`11 B KOM~NH81),NN C IIJIf,HKOH . 1103TOMy jjJlSt ;~aJIbH2NHI~iX 3a~(ay,~CBH3aIIHbIX C NCI70JIb30BaH[~iCM HaIIINX 3H~hIeHHII IIOKa3aTe:leCh LjBCTB, H2O6XOJkNMO NMe'Cb H(~(~eKTNB1ibIC. Z[JINHbI BOJIH OTI3X (~HJIbTpOB B yK23aHHbI{ KOM6NIIauNflX. ~ICHO, ~I'IO ~l~)I~3CK'CIIBIIble AJIHIIbI BOJIH 3aBNCAT HC TOJIbI{O IC'I` HJIBCT(~1HKN H I~NJ1bTpOB, HO N O'I' XapaKTepHCTNK OHTIhIeCKOII tIaCTR HCHOJIL- 3yeM0~1 KaMepbl. ~BIIJ~y J'IYSI'O Mb[ IIOCTaBI~JIN HCCJI2,gOSaHHC TBK, uT0 yTdHTTSi'~? BaJIH llOTepII CBP.'Pa B CCpC~pAH06d (~NJIbTpe CC~EpNTIeCKOCO 3epKaJ[d N B KOp- peKi(NOHHOY[ JI[~H3e. ~,JIft ONpP.j(CJIehINSt ~(~C~EIt'1'HBIIOK ,I1;JINHbI B0.7IHbI I~IbI BOCIIOJIb30BaJIHCb b'LO- HoxpoMaTOpoM L~el~cca co crexJrsTHxoH oHTNxoK. MoxoxpoMaTOp 6bIJI exa~- 3KeH KaCCe1'HOYI LIBCTbK), HpN PTO&I KaCC2Ty MO?I{HO ~bIJIO Hep2jjBNrclTb, EITO 0~6eCHeiII16I3J10 NOJIyueHNE Ha OJjHOM IleraTNBO pSIj[a i4306pa}KeHHI~i. ~NHeI~Haf7 0 p,KCnepclrn >t~IOHOxpOMa~ropa 6bIJIa 75 A B 1 r~M oI{oJlo H; B Ka~r~CTBe cBeTO- BOI'O NCT09fiI1Ka ~bl,It NCIIOJIb3iDBaI[ COJIHe~IHbII~I CB2T, a I[eJIOCTaTOM CJIy?XNJIO aJI~MNHHpOBBHFIOe. IIJIOCKOe aepK8JI0. I~aKOHJIeHNe HePBTNBOB IIpCTIOJI~3{aJIOCH ABa j1,HfI N CH PiIVII{II N1)ON~BOJI,IIJIIiCb, KOrJ[a COJIHuC HaXOj[13JIOCb B6JIH3Ii ~Mep~~- ~NaHil. TaKNM O~pa30M ~b1JI0 NOJIy9eH0 BC2r0 HS[Tb HeraTHBOB Ha KyCKflX HJIe~? HOK H3 TOPO ?KC pyJIOIIa, KOT(JpbIM MbI HOJIb30BaJII3Cb RJISI CHYIMKOB IICCJIeJ~y2- MbIX HJIOH1a1~OK. H8 K8?KJ~,OM IIC['IITFIBe MbI NMeJIN OT ~e'rblpeX J~O CEMN CH!-IM- I{OB. I-Ia 9'rliX Her?I'rNBaX CHNMKN IlpON3BO,ijNJINCb B CJIej[yfOII1,CNI HOpsi,gKe: Hep? BbIl~ CHNBIOK 6es (~ItJlb'rpa, B'I'Op013, TpeTNi~, iI2TBCpTbII3-C CpH ~bTp13TVIII B OHpC- p~e.neHtlo~I IIOCJIeJ1,0I3eITe.llbiiocrl~I. Ha HexoTOpblx HeraTNBax HoJ1y#Ia.nNCb TaKiKe CHKMICK HpI~ noMOIuN nocepe6psal-IbIX sepxaJl, c ueJfb}o QHpeRe.>IeHHn Ko~cpt~HUw- exTa HoTepN B cepeGpnHOM Ij)N,nb?rpe. PTO ocyiuecTB.iraJrocb cJIeRyK~u~NM o6p~I- 30 NI: i[Ba 3EpKaJ1a CTaBR,i1NCb Ha II~/TII H}~LIKa CBETa NICIK,I~y ueJIOCT2TOM I3 MO- HoXpoMaTOpoM TaKNM o6pasoM, tlTO6vI HanpaB.nellNe Hytlxa caCTa He McHx~~- Jlocb. ~jJrR yveTa xo~~xpN1~I~reHTa noz'epN cBeTa B xoppeKuHOxxoH .TIKHSe, noe- .TIeJ1,Hfl5I TO>I{(. IIOMP,Il7,aJIIICb IIa LTVTN HytIKa CBe'Ca H IIpON3BOJ>;N.RCR OTJ~eJIbHb1'rI CHNNIO}< CNEK1'pa? KpO1VI2 TOGO, Ha TOTI ?I{e yCT3HOBKe MbI H3ME:pA,7It~ paCnpe- j.~eJleHNe 31Iepr4ill R i1pOFI3B01Ibfl1~iX C'JjNHNUaX, C HO?IROLIjbK) TepMOOJI2M2HT1. B 1{atl('C'PBe NCT04HIIIGI CBP.T~ ~bI.IIO B3AT0 COJIHLje BBNuy TGPO, tITO BHi?- ra.1[RKTIIiI(CKIIe "CyP.9aHIlOC'I'rI IIO CIIEKTpV 60JIbIIIC BCerO HON~JIII?,{aIOTCST K sses,~aM I{Jlacc~ G (53, 86I. CTaH,~ap?rHSaIIIIn ripowsr~~:~II,iTacb HpII rloMOUr,II Tpy~uaroro I~oTOixeTpa' y~lHOCTei'r cT,c~roH'r ~raxx~e B TOM, vTO He ace BHera.>raKTll~ecKi~u TyM~xxoceH >~Melo'r O11~Halcc~Iiylo 1~opMy: o~HU--s~I.nHHTHUecK~e, up~~rz~e- KP}~PJIbiC, CHRpBJIbIIbIE' II 'I'. ~(. I~~N J'fOM, KIlK II~ilBPLIIO, SIJ~~O BC2I'jja AIJK08, Ii IIO K~c~ftib'I SI~~KOCTb IIOC'FGHE'IIHO HIIJ~Ile'P. 1I09TOM~~ II C TO~IKII 3peHHH 1'ICKJIFO- ~texi3a I3~IIIfuI~a I,asHHI~bI n 1~IapNlax, IteGicTI3I3're.nhxo ~ryvHle e~c~~corpacpHpoBaT~ ~x BHeThoxa,nbuo: tId li 'r~i~llM c.nv~lae, ~rpy~HO ~ISy~aTb clla6ble BHer~l~lal ~bI 9'O.Jlbilpeuenexxe noxaaaTeJleH uBera 509 sxeraJlaK?ru~ect~Il~ TyMaxxocTeFL.. _4'~r ? 1l. Cnoco6 xa6J-IORexxsl rIocJle yC1'aHOBKH CBOTOI~IIJIb"I'pOB HaM Hpl'IHIJIOCb COKpaTt1"rb pa~Oi.IP,f :IIO- JIe IIHCTpyMOHTB IIpI3MepH0 HMI rpBuyC IIO paullYcY? d6bI~IHOe IIOJIe IIpeJ[CTdTi,- JiaeTCSI KpyroM pauxYca 3"4 G', Ho HpH rzpl~IMeIIexIII'I I~iHJIb"rpoB pauHyc .co- KpaTNJICSI u0 2~.5 (cM. BbIllIO OHHCdHI10 FtxcTpyMeHTapYIa) . ~''9I3TbIBaSI 3T0, MbI pas6FiJIH Bce ceBepl-roe noJlyHlapHe Ha orue~nbxble n:IOUiaulal, uen'rpbl KoTOpbt t pacrloJloxceHbl B cJleuylou[xx rtoacax: Cn0"'-24'?00,,.......... ? ? -}-3? - 9 00 -2400 ............ ~ 0 0 --24 00 .....:......-}-87 B H)>I{HOM HOJIyLIIapIIH 1(OIITpb[ H.710LLjaJjOK paCII07I0i3iOHbI )jG -22?. BBHJ~y TOI'O, ~ITO sIpKHC 'ryNIaHHOC'rPI u0 13 3B. BeJIH~lIIHbI BCTpO~Ia'K3TCIT~ tla He.CO OTHOCHTO,TIbHO pOuKO It J.(aJ[OKO IIC BCOPJja B03-IONiHO nOJ[y~IeHHe iIc- CKOJIbKYIX TYMBHIIOCTOI3 Hit O,i[IIOA4 CHIItIIKe, IIaM HpIIXOuNJIOCb C~JOTOrpaC~hi- pOBilTb JjOBOJIbHO LIaCTO, HOJIyiIaN Il0 O'ri[OJIbHOMy CHHMKy uJISI Ka]Kj[OYI. Ty- ID1aHHOCTII. TalcuM 06pa30M, "PaK01'i rlpOJjBapYITO.IIbHbIYi H.)IaH ~pa3,#jeJIOH13@-Flrl HJIOIi[ajI,KH~ B J[aJIbHeFIIIIOM IIOTepSIJ[ C1VIbICJI, IIOCKO:lIbKy IIpIIXOuHJIOCb (~]0"r0- Fpa(~HpOBaTb OTj[eJIbIlble 1'YMaHHOCTI~t. ~HOraJ[aKTIhIOCKHe 'ryNIaIII[OC'rH Ha OTHY IIJIOIIi,auKrix HOu6FIpc~.7IHCb' Y13 xaTa,nora III e n JI a II ~ i~ n,I c [1 161, c0uep>KaIlTero TytilaxHOC.T~ uo I3'-oi.I` 3B. BOJIFI~II"IHbI. ~IOKO'rOpbTC HJIOIt~aJ_IK.FI ~bIJItI CHF!"I'bI CIIGpBa C 9KCII03YIiI,i"ISIMH HO ~3~ MH- I{yT, a IIOTOM C 3I{CII03Id1jYIAMH 170 4~ NIHHy'r. OKasaJZOCb, LITO TyIl4aHHOCTTI 'TeM JCy~IHiO N3MOpAK)TCSI Ha MIIKI30(~)OTOVI01'p0, tIONi 60JI00 OY.ti HOpOJjOp>KaHbI. PTO, HOBH2(flMOMy, CBA3aII0 C TOM, LI'r0 t3IIOCJIOuHOM CJIyiIaO H30~pail{OHHSi Ty- MBHHOC"fell 60JIbHIO HOXO}I{N IIa II30f)pa}KOHPIH 3B037[. (IO~TQ1VIy, npzl BbIBOjjO 170Ka3a"rOJIOR I1,BOTa ~O.IIbI7IHe BOCa IIpNJ1;aBaJIACb IIOKa3aTOJISIM L~BOTa, HOJiy? 40HHbIM C 3KCII03Nr(HSIMH B ~~ MflHyT. O6b[~IHO CHNMOK HOJISipHOl3 HOCJIOuOBaTOJIbIIOCTId CJIy}KIIJI B RaHeCTBO CT8H,1);apTHOlt H.iTOIIjaJ~KII OuHOBpOMOHHO jjJISI uByx RCCJIOuyOidblX HJIOIuau01{,~~L B HOKO"rOpblX CJIy~IaSIX-j[.ASI TpOX F"I 60,nbule. ~a3yMeOTCS7, CHHMKYI CT2HuapT- HOI3 IIJIOLgauKR HpORBJISIJI7ICb BNIOC'r0 CO CHIINIKalV1II 'ryMaHHOCTI3. I{aK yKa3bI- 73aJIOCb, Ha Ka}ICuOII HJIaCCHHKO MbI IIOJIy~iaJIII RO ,7,Ba F130hpa2KOHHH. IIpu OTOM,. HOJIIOC CHHMaJICS{ B~ TOIi R{O HOCJIOJ~OBdTO.TIbHOC'rI3 Cp0'rOI'paC~JIIiIOCKOI'O II (~OTOBH- 3yaJIbH000 H306pa}KOHNN, iITO H uaEI1IbI0 II,IIOIgaj[KH. 1`Z. OrlpeAeJ[eHxe CNC1'eMbl rtOKa3a'rCJle17 IjlieTa I~a1VI HpeuC1'OftJ[O BbISICHIi'rb CB5;3b H21IIOlI CHCTe&I bI C HHTEpHaLjNOHaJIbHOIt. ~JISI 3TOI'O MbI BOCHOJIb30BaJIIICb Ka7'aJ[OPO?~4 HOKa3aTO.7I0Ii tjBOTa ~JTII3HOJIIOC- xbixssesu CI-Ipea; Pocca ~II R~KOi~xep E114]. ~JIR t#)'bTOI'pal~NpOBaHflft ~bl.Tta Bbl~paHa H.1%t 3Be3Jjbl Me}K,gy nOJIyYeHHON N CTBHJ[apTHOIi BeJIN1INHaMN, MbI nOJ1yLIHJIN HeCKOJIbKO yCJIOBHbIX ypaBHeHnFI BNJ[a x.l IJ_~~~1)], PeIIIax nOJIyII2HH6Ie yCJIOBHbie ypaBH2HNH CHOCOCOM H8NM2HbIIINX KBaj[paT08, MbI HpNIiI.11N K HN}KeC.ReJ(y}OHjNM ypaBH2HNSIM (2.4) N (2.5) J[JISI I~oTOrpa(px- Td2CKNX II I~OTOBN3yaJIbHbIX JIyYeH, COOTB2TCTBeHHO: ITl fir= ITl~d,r - 0.370 ]-jj~H~rr (2 4) 0.02(~~14FF~~''~r C I)i QJB-I))I~H "~ 0.01711uNHT ~ (2.5) ? 0.033 L rAe IriJ?~ I3 I17r~,H 0~03HaYaIOT NHTepHaI~HOHBJIbHble BeJINYNHbI, a 111 ,,. H rile HaLi[N BeJIFITINHbI. `~ ~~ C IjeJIbIO nOJIy4eHNSI ~OJIee HaJjeN{HbIX 3HaYeHNI-I K03Cp(~NLjH2HTOB, HaMN 6biJI0 NCIlOJIb30B8H0 8 HeraTNBOB nOJISIpHOId nOCJIeJjOBaTeJIbHOCTN, CHSITbIX B pa3Hble HOYH K8K B (~OTOrpa(~)NReCKNX, TaK N B (pOTOBN3yaJIbHbIX JIYYBX. ~(3- JIy~INB pa3Hble 3HaYCHNH K09C~C~I~III,N2HTOB, MbI B3RJIN CpeAHee apN(~MeTN4Ie- CKOe N JjJISI 9TOFI BeJINYNHbi 6bIJ[a BbIBe,C[eHa CpeJjHHH KB 1JjpaTNFIeCKaSI OLEIH~l- Ka, KOTOpasE H npNnNCaHa K K09Ch(~HIZN2HTaM ypaBHeHNI-i (2.4) H (2,5). . ~ueBNJjHO, 9T0 nOJIb3yRCb C~OpMyJIBMN (2.4) N (2.5), nrox{HO no,ny~IN?rb 3aBNCNMOCTb HaHIeI3 IHKaJIbI n~ OT NHTepHaIjNOHaJI6HOIi. BbIVNTax paB2HCTB0 (2.5) II3 paBeIlcTBa (2.4) no,nyYNM:F 7 (~7~T r~ ~T INHT` 1 1I7~-0,371 ILiN HT (G?~) ~~NllT _ 0.'L 2F-I~ ?Pal~excz'BO (2.6), cJlyxcaruee JjJISI NepesoAa HaHINx IZLj B HxTepnagr~c~- HaJIbHble, JjOBOJIbHO ROpOLHO COrJIBCyeTCH C CpOpMYJIaMH (2.3), BbIBeJjeHHbIMM IjJISI 9TOIi IZeJIH, HeCMOTpSI Ha TO, ~ITO yKa3aHHble (~OpMYJIbI 6bIJIH IIO.TIygel(bI I~~JyT$M CHOCO~OM. COBIIajjeHNe ~bIJIO 6bI BNOJIHe XOpOIIIee, eCJIN 6bI CpOpMydIQ Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 OnpeReJlexxe xolcasaTe~leH gr3eTa 509 13xera.naKTI~IYecxr3x TyNlaxxocTe%r... 45; `~2.6) HMeJIa HOCTOSIHHb113 LIJIeH. ~pHHHMaS{ BO BHHM2HI3e, LITO (f)OpMyJ'IbI (2.4`) la (2.CJ) BbIBOJ~HJIHCb HO He60JIbIHOMy LIHCJIy 3Be3Zj, JjJIH HepesoAa IIL[ Bxera~ J~aKTHI[eCKHX TYMaHIIOCTe13 B HHTepHauHOHaJIbHyK) CHCTe1VIy CJIejjyeT OT~II? Barb HpeJ~HOLIT2HNe (~OpMyJIBM (2.3). KaK BH~jIIO H3 ypaBH2HH11 (2.4) H (`~.rJ), K09(p(pHI[H2HT ZjJlsl (~OTOFpa(~3II- LIeCKHX .rlyLIe13 HMeeT JjOBOJIbIIO Ha,l1;e}KHOe 3IIaLIeHHe H eF0 BepOSITHaH OHTH~I{a DdaJla CpaBHHTeJIbHO C eF0 Be.)IHLIHIIOI~I. B CJlyuae (~OT'OBH3yaJIbHbIX JIy4eI3 Be? ~OSITHaSI OIIIH6Ka K03(p(~HL[H2HTa MBJIa H HpeBOCXORLIT 3HaLIeHHe CaNIOFO KOO(~1- ~AuH2HTa. nTC10J~a MbI 3aKJIK)LIaeM, LITO (pOTOBH3yaJIbHble BeJIHLIHHbI, B np0- THBOHOJIO}KHOCTb (~O'I'OFpa(hHLIeCKI~IM, He HMeKYI' HOHpaBKH 3a uBeT. ~pHIIHMaH BO BIIYIMaHHe BbIIIleCKa3aHHOe, MO?KHO HCHSITb, YTO JIHHIb I~O- '1'OFpaI~Hl[eCKI{e BeJIHll1'iHbI Tpe6yIOT JjOBOJIbHO 3aMCTHb{X HOIIpaI30K, COFJI2CH0 ~paBHeHHK) (2.6) . OTCEOJZa MO}I{IIO 3aKJIFO~IHTb, LITO HaLIII3 ~u NIOHOTOHHO B03pflC1'aIOT C HCTHHHbIM yBCJ1HLIeIIH2M uBeTa TyMaHHOCTeI~I. ~)OpMyJIa yKa3bIBae'1' Ha TO, LITO HaLHH HOKa3aTeJILI uBeTa TeM ~OJIee Hpe- ~?BeJIHLIe[IbI, LIeM 60,IIbIHe NX HC'rHIIHble 3HaLIeHHSI. TaKHM O~pa30NI, MO2KH0 6bI- ,~O 6bI HCHpaBJ15['rb ~U, IIO OTOH c~OpMyJIe H HpHBOjjHTb K HHTepHauHOHaJIbHOI~I CHCTeNIe, HO, KaF( y}{a3aH0 BbIHIe, Mb{ COBepIllaeM HpHBejl,eHHe K I[HTepIIauHO- HaJIbHOFI CHCTeMe IIO (~OpMyJIaNi (2.3) . uBe'COBOe ypaBIIeHNe Mbi HpHIIHMaJ[H BO BHHMaHHe H, IIpH HOCTpOeHYIIi XapaK1'epHC1'HLIeCKHX KpHBbIX, NIbI HBHOCHJIH Ha I'paC~3HK 3Be3j1,bI IIO,?ISIpHOYI HO- CJIeJI,OBaT2JIbHOCTF[ HOCJIe HCHpaBJIeHHSI HX 3a I[BeT. ECTeCTB0HEI0, YTO TOLIKH ~~&I3Mepel[HbIX 3HaYeHKN FIMe.I[FI HeKOTOpbI14 pa36pOC, HO MbI HpOBO,ijNJIH HO HI~M_ Cpej[HIOIO KpNByIO. 14. OWId6Ka 01ipeJ)',CJICHN51 IIOKa3aTeJICI7 IjBeTd C ue,IIbIO OHpe~I,e.T[eHNSI 'L'OYHOCTH HOJIyLIaeMbIX HOKa3aTeJIeI~ uBeTa, 1fbl BbILIHCJIH.1It4 CpCJjHI0I0 KBflJjpa'rHLIeCKyIO OHIH~Ky OJjHOFO OHpe,ijeJIeHHSi HOKa3ao- TeJISI uBeTa ,T[JISI 'ryNlaxxoc'rH, HOJlbsyslcb (popMyJroK II e T e p c a: ~lI ~_ 8' _-.. 1 KJtaz ~H(n_i) Il- 2 H3 KOTOpOl~i J~dISI Cpe,)1,HCFI KBa,IjpaTHLIeCKOI~I OLIIH~KH BbIT2K8eT (~GpMyJta; ICI M=?1.25--- 1 2 LI'ro B caolo oLlepeRb, r1ocJle pasueJrexllsl IIa V2, z>,aeT sblpax{exlle j],JISI cpe~,~- HeH KBaApa'I'HL[eCK01~[ OHIHC~KII OAIIOFO HaCJIIOReHHH. HI{N x~aeTb: TorRa i~IOxcem ,,1 LI ~ = a(t)M(z) = a~t)Secz, ,~I IIZ=1I[ [~,t-Il I I,o. HaHHCaTb: I III,p,~-IIC(o a(t)= M(z) (2,17) 3Aecb nL[IaxTI3~Iecxof'I TytgaxROCTx. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 OrlpeRe.rlexxe Iloxasa're~7ei~I use's 509 Bxera~IaxTx'3ecxHx myMaxxocTeH... ~ 1 NGC ' m r fi m? LII~ cp ~ ~ I I "l'x11 ~ C1K. ~ TL ~ NGC ~ m,~r mq~s 1 ~ 16 13.0 [z.6 0.35 - I - f ,G __ 133z ~ ILq Io.a ( ~~LZO Sa 8.1 w 23 12.7 12.0 0.67 - ~ q o ~ 57 1339 12.8 12.z o.6o E o.o 4 151 1 Iz.S I I I II.8 I O S 0.72 S . ' S 5.0 58 1344 zI.6 Io.6 ~ a95 E a o 57 . . O. j0 C 2.0 + 59 13J1 I2.8 II.B I.OO E . 5 185 1I.S Io.7 ~ I.o7 E~1 2 0 60 1353 I2.q II.6 0.82 S 6.0 6 zo5 Io.B g.g o.go Ep 6~z 61 1359 12.8 Ia.7 0.08 I I.g 7 a1o Iz.S II.G 0.93 S 4.5 6z 1376. Ia.~ Iz.3 0.57 S: 8 224 5. 3.9 ' I.o6 Sb I 7.5 63 14OO Iz.S ~ 11.6 0.92 E L7 y 227 z3.1 Iz.q o.7z - -- ~ 6q ; Igo? IL5 Io.3 L16 E O.O O 245 IZ.~ I2.7 0.22' S ~ 2,0 ~ 65 ~ I~}15 12.8 ~ IL9 0.88 S: 5.0 z 268 13.z I2.g ~ ~ o.z8 ~ . 66 1417 I2.g Ia.z o.68 S: z.7 2 274 13.0 I .7 ~ o.ag - -- 67 142z ~ Ia.o Z II:8 q.zz S 8.3 3 z75 13.o Iz.; ~ 0,66 ! -- ~ - ~ ~1 68 1426 I2.8 ~ IL8 I.oS E 2.3 4 z78 II.6 I ~.5 ~ o.1I ~ Sc o.o ~ 69 14.39 ~ Iz.g Iz,o o.g1 E O.O 5 337 12.z 71.6 0.62 1 ~ z.5 h 70 1440 ~ 13.o I2.I o.94 - 6 47o 1 Iz.q I I.h ~ 0.80 ! Sc ,;.7 ~ 71 1452 I 13.0 12.2 0.83 - 7 8 474 488 I 12.6 11 8 I1.7 So I o.86 i }3 o6 S I 0.0 ~ 7z 1453 12.8 I1.~ agz E z.5 9 5zo , . I I2.q .~ 1 i.8 ~ I. a o.6a ~ T. 0.O ~ ''.7 .{ 73 74 2461 1600 Iz.8 12.7 ' I2.2 I2.o 0:60 , 0.73 E3 - 3,3 0 7 5zI 13.o 1 ra.3 12 0.70, -- ~ - ~ 75 2625 13.z z2.4 ~ 0.73 533 3.0 .I adz ~ -- - ~ q6 1637 ~ IL6 Io.7 ; 0.88 1 Sc I.7 2 584 I1.6 1o.g 0.731 E 4.0 ~ 77 1638 13.I zz.4 0.68 -- - 3 596 I2.z Iz.z o.95 ~ E 1.7 78 1658 I2.g 12.a o.66 S: 5.3 q - 615 6 8 ~ I2.6 I2.I 0.50 SC ~ 7,0 ~9 1667 T2.9 f2.O 1 O.BFi S: ~ O.O 5 2 ~ I I,2 I0.3 O.c 6 ~c U.O ~ ~iO 7726 13.0 I2.2 ~ 0.79 - 6 636 I2.(, 11.6 0.95 E o.o 1 81 2146 1 L6 I Lo ~ 0.60 1 Sap 7 672 II.g II.I o.76 Sb 4.3 Sz zzg6 12.6 SI.4 1.25 S 8 681 12.g ' zz.z o.68 ~ S: 0.08 ~ ~ 83 2zo7 Iz.3 11.4 I ~ o.8g S 9 o 7oI 718 12, 1 I2 Iz.z 12 1 0.50 ~ S i 7.0 ~ 84 ~ 8 22x3 Ia.7 SLq. 1.2g S .7 . _- O.J9 2.0 5 2z68 Iz.a I1.4 0.841 - I 741 13.0 12.3 0.74 --- 86 2276 Sa.4 11.7 0.79. S z i 750 Iz.g 12.1 0.82 E z.5 87 2300 ~ I2.a II.3 o.gl E.1 3 779 ~ I1.8 Io.7 I.Iq. SBc 8.3 88~ z33b Iz.4 i II.7 0.74 S 4 8go I2.7 II.y o.85 E: 5.6 8g z441 ~ 12.7 I2.3 o.n4 S 5 936 n.5 IO.q. I.IO SBa 3.3 go z5oo ~ 12.6 r2.2 ~ 0.41 S 5 941 13.3 Iz.B o.5O - - gz 25 z3 12.7 Iz.o 0,68 - ~ 94;rH~Tb VpaBHeHHe, CBA3bIBaIOIIjee Ha1iIH BeJIHTIHHbI C BeJIHTiHHa1bIH IiI e II JI N ` H .7NMC. 19. PaCHpeACJ10HHC BHeraTIaKTH4eCKHX TyM1HHOCTeI3 IIO B8JIH4NHaM H THQaM B HflIII KdTaTI01' HOKa3aTeJIeII uBeTa BHeraJIaKTHYeCKIIX TyMaHHOCTeFi NIbI BKJIfOTIaeM 509 TyM3HHOCTeI/ J7,0 13.2 3Be3,gH0I3 BeJIHiIHHbI H3 H316IepeHHbIX Ha- NIH 550 TYMIHHOCTOFI. I7bIJI0 ~bI JIyTIHIe yBeJIHYI3Tb 9T0 YHCJIO, HO ZI,JISi 3TOT0? IIpHHIJ[OCb bbl 6paTb TyMaHHOCTH B 60JIee K)}KHOI3 YaCTH He6a. I~OHeYHO, KpOiVIe . TOI'O, HaC OrpaHHTiHBaJIH H HHCTpyNIeHTaJIbHble B03IDI0?KHOCTH. PaCIIpe,i~eJleHHe BHeI'aJIaKT13YeCKHX TyMBHHOCTeI3 IIO BeJIHTIHHaNI H IIO TH- II8M JJ;aeTCSi B Ta~JIHLT,e XV. IiI3 9TOLI Ta6.1IHT1,bI BI3J>;HO, 7ITO B HaIIieM KflTaJIOCB" rlpeo6JlaRaloT Ty1VIaHHOCTH ~, S:, a IIO sBe9RHbI1I3 BenHYHHaM HaI360J[blliee YHCJIO TyMaHHOCTeI3 HpHXOJI;HTCSI Ha HHTepBaJI 12-13'n? JjaHHbIX Ta6JIIII[ XIV. 3J[eCb MbI Ile II~xBOJjxNi 3TOI'O CpaBHeHxFI B HO,T>;pOCHOCTFIX. yHa? 3aHHOI?I pa6oTOr3 C 1' e~ 6 x II C a x y x T C~ O p Jj a MbI BOCROJIb30BaJIxCb jjJlSi HC^ IIpaBJI2Hxft TxIIOB TyMaHHOCTeI3, xOCHOJIbHy OHa COJ[ep;i{xT TxxbI B CxCTOMe X a 6 B aI a'.. -_xax6oJlee cospeMeHxoH cxcTeMe ReJlexxK BxeraJraxTx~ecxxx Tyn~IaxxocTel~ no TxIIaI~. NcxpaBJleIrIllo xo TIIxy xolSBeprJlocb 55 TVMaI3HOCTe'rI xaluero xaTa.nora. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 ~60 I`naBa Bropaa B0061Ije IiiO}KHO CKa3aTb, YTO Haul KBTaJIOP, K8K H KBTanOP LCI e II ,TI H x A lo[ C He IIOJIOH OT 0 =-`LQ~-{-9Qo, ,I[dIH BC2X BeJIH~IHH TyMaHHOCTe~'I, 1K GOBCel[ 'He BKJIK)HaeT IO}KHO~ YaCTH HCC)a HH}K2 0=-QQa, Ta6nxga XV ObF~o~+n C}'MMd ~ Io6 ! so i 51 I 77 1142 113 Z `lo. 3FLBHCHMUCTb IIOKa3aTeJISI gBOTa OT 3Be3j(HOFi BeJ[HYHH6[ BHeI'aJIaKTH~ieCKOIi TyM1HHOCTH ,~JISI BbI~IHCJIeHHH 3~BHCHMOCTH HOKa3aTeJISi I(B2Ta OT 3Be3Z[HOH BeJIHTiHH?f :BHePflJIaKTH~IeCKOI3 TyMflHHOCTH MbI HOCTpOHJix Ta6nxgy XVI. KaK BH1(HO H3 3TOI3 Ta~1II'IIjbI, IIOKa3aTenx uB2Ta TyIDIBHHOCTeII uOBOnbHO CIiJIbHO 3dBHCSIT OT I3X BeJIH~IHHbI. O,i[H8K0, rlpH BbIBOJ~e COOTHOII.IeHHSI (2.3~ (a H ~~, MbI He BBOj[HJix q,Tiegg, IIpeRCT$B1IAK)TIjeI'O 3aBI3CHMOCTb OT 3Be3AH0~ Be.TIH'YHHbT, BBH,gy eI'O MaJI0CTI3. rlpggxHa 3TOI'O B TOM, uT0 B CJIy~Iae 3Be3A NtTii HMeeM He3HaT-II3TeJIbHyIO 3aBHCI3MOCTb OT 3Be3,i[HOI3 BeJIFIgHHbi, Mex{j(y TeAI KaK R C.ny~Iae BHeI'aJIaKTHYOCKHX TyM2HHOCTeI3 TaKax 3aBHCIiMOCTb 06HapyxcH- BaeTCA. OHa 3aKJIIO~IaeTCSI B CJIe,I~yK)IueM. BO-HepBbIX, 3Be3j[bI sIBJISIK)TCSI TO- Ye~iHbIMH HCTOYHHKaMI3; B TO B~Se~%ISI KdI{ TyMaHHOCTH-O~'beKTbI IIpOTSi}I{eHHb[e H TeXHHKa x3MepeHIiSI I3MeeT OIIpeJjeJIeHHOe BJIHAHHe Ha pe3yJIbTBT H3It2ep?- HHH. BO-BTOpbIX, ACTI3HHbIFi I~BET TYMBHHOCTeI-i M2HHC'TCR BJjOJib IIOBepXHOC'ChI. .~TO OCOC~HHO Ha6JIK)j[aeTCSI y CIIHpadIbHbIX TYMBHHOCT2I-I, TOPjja K8K ,i~dlH :9BeBA TBKOe SIBJIeHI3e H2MbICJIHMO. IIOC.Tie TOTO, K8K 6btII 3aMe~IeH TBKOk'i 9[~f~ (~eKT, MbI COCTflBHJIH Ta6.nHuy XVI H I[O HCH ~bIJIH IIOCTjJOeAbI KpHBbie; KO- ropble npeAcTasneHbl Ha ~IepTexce 9, Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 ?npeRenexxe rloxasaTeneH t~seTa 509 Bxera.aaxTl3*~ecKUx ryMaxxocre~C... 61. Ta6.nz3ua XVI ~~j(*~n~no HaHIH KpHBble j[aK)T'CSI AAA TyMaHHOCTei-I THIIOB E, E: x ASR Sa, Sb, SBa,, SBb. KaK BI3~jHM, OHH HOKa3bIBaK)T onpeRe.aexxylo 3aK0H0MepH0CTb. I-IOCJIC I3CIIpaBJIeHAH HaIIIHX H0Ka3aTeJIeI3 IjBeTa 3a 3Be3J~HyK) BeJIH~IF3H rl3e Ta6JIHI;bi.- peaoRa B IIHTepH1IZHOHaJIbHyf,O CACT2My 6bIJII3 cocTaB.aexbl Apy !Y USA 1.20 ~!A 11.5 i2A 12.5 l3?Q ~`- LIepTexr 9 6a~a~r, ? 21. 3aBHCHMOCTb noxa3aae.nsl gseTa oT THna sxera,naxTevecKO~ TyMaHHOCTH Kax B c.ny~ae 3Be3Z[ pa3HbIX CIIeKTpaJIbHbIX KJIaCCOB, TaK H B C.Rytiae' BII2I'aJIaKTI-I~IeCKHX TyM2HHOCT2I~I pa3HbIX TI3II0B, II0Ka3aTeJIId IjBeTa pa3JII3Ya- IOTCSI. I~a31II3~IIIfI BO BHeIIIHI~IX tpopMax TYMaHHOCTeI3 CBSi3aHbI C pa3dIH~IxeIul (~I33HLIeCKHX yCJI0BHI3 B HflX. I~I3BeCTHO, uT0 TI3IIbI Ty1VIaHH0CTeI3 pa3JII3~IaIOTCSi` Mexcuy COCOI~I pacrlpeRe.aeHi3eM ~xeprr3i~I B .xx crleKTpe, xorAa sxera.aaxTx~Ie- CKaSI TyMBHH0CTb paCCM3TpI3BaeTCR K8K 0JjH0 ue.rroe. TaKHM 06pa30M, eCTb OCHOBaHHfI HCKaTb 3aBI~C1~IMOCTb TjBeTa BHeraJlaK- TI3YeCKI3X TyMflHHOCTeI3 OT HX THila. ~JTa 3aBIICI3MOCTb Z[aeTCSI H8MI3 B BFi1~[e Ta6- JIHIjbI X~VII. Iloc,neAxxa 6bl.na cocTas~Iexa A.ax Ty1VI8HHOCTeI3 IIO noc,neuosa- TeJIbHOCTI3 TI3II0B IIO X a 6 6 ~ y. Ta6~nxua XVII ocxosaxa xa 509 BxeranaK- TI3~IeCKI3X TyI41aHHOCTSIX I3 HO3T0My ee MO}KHO CLIHT2Tb J~OBOJIbHO Hajje]KHO~I. rIpI3Bej[eHHble 3J~eCb II0Ka3aTeJII3 uBeTa AaIOTCSI B I3HTepHal[HOHaJIbHO~ CH- CTeIHe. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 1~'Jrasa aTOpaa Hy}KHO OTM2THTb, ~ITO K CaNIbIM KpaCHbIM TYM2HHOCTSiM OTHOCSITCSI 1'yMaH- HOCTx TxHa E. B pa6oTe C T e 6 6 x H c a x Y x T Ip o p A a [124] yxasbl- BaeTCA, YTO TxHy E COOTB2TCTByeT CH2KTpaJIbHbII3 KJIBCC Cz; TxHaNI Sa, SBa- G3, Sb, SBb-GZ H SC, SBC-F~. TaKxM OCpa30M, B COOTBeTCTBxx C 3THMx CIIeKTpaJIbHbIMx KJIaCCaMH, HOKa3aTeJIx L[BeTa BH2raJIaKTx~IeCKHX TVMaHHO- cTeI3 ,geIICTBxTeJIbHO JjOJI}KHbI yMeHbIiIaTbCH BJjOJIb 3T'OII IIOC.1IejjOB2TeJIbHOCTx. I(aK BxJ~HO x3 Ta6JIxL(bI XVH, Ha CflMOM ReJIe x Ha6J[K)JjaeTCSI T8KOP0 pOi~a H3MeHeHxe HOKa3aT2JIeI~I uBeTa. OTMeTxM, LITO T8K01~ }Ke XO,Zj x3M2HeHxH HO- Ka3aTeJIe1'I I~B2Ta HoJlyrlae'resl y C T e 6 6 x x c a x y x T~ o p A a. Hyx{HO OTMe1'xTb Tai{}Ke, lITO T'yM2HHOCTI~I SBa, SBb x SBC xMeK)'C FOJIbHIxe 3HaT-Ie- HxH HOKa3aTeJIeH L[Be.Ta, ~IeNI H0;7pa3,i~eJIeIIxH Sa, Sb I) SC, COO"PBETC'CBeHHO. IIpx~IxHy yI{a3aHHOI'O NBJIeHx4I Tpyj[HO yKa3aTb. B HepBOM CTOJ16Lje Ta6JIHI~bi XVII ,#~aIOTCS( L[BeTOBble Teh4HepaTypbI, Bbl- YxCJI2HHbie Ha OCHOBe OTHOCHTeJIbHb[X CH2KT1)OLj)OTOMeTpx~IeCKHX rpaJl,xe.ITOB, T. e. HO C~OpMyJI2M (1.42) x (1.43). TYMaHHOCTx SC HOKa3bIBaK)T 60JIee Bbf- COKyK) TeMHepaTypy, geNf ApyI'xe x xX MOA{HO HO aHBJIOrxx CO 3Be3j[aM1;I HF?- 3BaTb KI'OpA~IxMx BHeraJIaKTx9CCKx11Ix TyIlIBHHOCTSINIIi>. ~TII TyMBHHCCTK II,1 Ca MOM jje,,7e H COAep}KaT 60JIbHIe, HO CpaBH2HxI0 C RpyrxMx, rOpSluxX 3Be3!j. Ilpx BbIBOJje OIITxLIeCI{ON TOJIHjHHbI IIOI'JIOIL[alOlLjerO raJIaKTxYeCKOI'O CJIOH II Hpx OHpe,QeJleHxx M2CTHbIX 3HaT3eHxIi HOPJIOHZeHxSI, 6bIJI0 6bI }KeJIaTeJIbHO y~Iii- TbIB2Tb x314[eH2HHe IZI~ B 3aB~ICI'INIOCTx OT TxHa BHeraJlclKTxTIeCKOI~I TyMafl- HOCTx. Ha ~repTe}Ke 10 IjgeTCS{ KpxBaFI I-IIZ ,I);JISI OCHOBHbiX TxHOB 1'yMaHHOCTeFI. S.~ r...~;I~ --~-..e~.~. fi?iL- ~._ A?6G~ ' - ' --? E SBa ~a $gg J~ ,~Be. ~~ Tun LlepTe}x 10 6a~a`~~ B Ta6Jlxgy XVII BKJiIO~Iexbl cpeRHxe HoxasaTeJlx uBeTa ,IjJISI BHeraJlaxTr~- ?YeCKHX TYM2HHOCTeII E: S:, S x I, a TaK}Ke IjJIA TyMBHHOCTeI3, He xNIeIOHjxX ?0603Ha~IeHHSI TxIia. HO sTx 3HaYeHxSI He ~bIJIx HpxHSiTbI BO BHHM2Hxe HpN Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Onpeue.nelli3e noxasaTeJCei~F u,iie2~a 509 BxeraJraxTx~ecxxx TyMaxxocTeH... 53 IIOCTp02HHH KpHBbIX ~epTex{a 10 HO CJIeJ~yI01ijIIM HpH~IHHaM: THHbI, 0603Ha- aIeHHble 3Ha~IKaMH ~:~ HeyBepeHHble, H09TO1VIy OHH MOPyT HapyHIaTb 3aBI3CK- Ii40CTb, KOTOpyK1 AaK)T OCHOBHble THHbI TyMaI3HOCTeI3. TyNIaHHOCTH THHa S, He 13M2IOHjHe HOJ[KJIBCCa, 'r0}Ke He 6bIJIH H8HeC2HbI Ha LIepTe}Ke, IIOCKOJIbKy, K1K ~bIJIO yKa3aII0, HOj{THHbI CHHpaJIbHbIX TyMc1HHOCTeI3 O~SI3aT2JIbH0 j(OJI?KHbI 0'I'- JIHiIaTbCSI HO LjB2Ty. TaKyK) 3Ke HpHLIHHy IDIO}KHO IlpHB2CTH OTHOCI3TeJIbHO He- HpaBHJIbHbIX BIIePaJIaKTHTieCKI3X TyMHHHOCTeII I3 ItJISI TyMaHHOCTP.I3, He HNIeIO- IL[HX 0~03Ha~IeHHSI THIIa. ? 22. 3aBHCHMUCTb nOKa3aTe.RSI gBeTa OT JI~IIO H3 ~TOK 'ra6JlHCtbl, Hoxa3a'reJlx ItBe'ra yseJlH~r~BaloTCSI c yse- dIH4eHH2M J~HaMeTpa TyMc1HHOCTeI~I. ~Ta 3aBI3CHMOCTb aHaJIOI'HTIHa 3aBI3CYI- IVIOCTH Me3KJ(y 3Be3J~HOI3 Be.TIHiIHHOI~ BHeI'aJIilKTHLIC'CKOII TyNIaHHOCTH H IIOKa- 3a'reJIeM 1ZBeTa, KO'rOpaN ~bIJIa yCTaHOBJIeHa BbIHIe. MO}KHO CKa3aTb, LITO OJ~Ha HOJ~TBep}I{Aa2TCSi Apyl'O~I. ~HR'I'b-TaI{H, 3aBHCIIMOCTb IIOKa3aT2JIH L[B2Ta OT j~Ha1VIeTpOB ~OJIUHIe 3aM2THa y CHIIpaJIbHbIX TVM2HHOCTeII. AHaJIOI'IXTIHaSi Ta- ~JIHLja 6bIJIa HOJIyYeHa LII e H Jl H LI ~ II IVI C H HO HeI3 MO}KHO o6xapy- 3KHTb TBKyK) A{e 3aBHCHMOCTb, KaK B IiaHIeM CJIy~lae. Ijy?KHO OTIVICTI~I'rb, TITO B Ta6JIHIje XVIII C(JeJ[HHII HOKa3aTe.TIb IjBeTa ZjJISi CHHpaJIbHbIX TyNIBHHOCTeI3 IIOJIyiIH.TICSi paBHbIM 0.7cg, HO B Ta6JIflite XVII C1TIdpaJIbHble T)rMaHHOCTH pa31;e- TICHbI II3xeraJlaxTx~ecxxx TynlaxxocTe%I... 65k B ? 17. OJ];HaKO Hy3KH0 3aM2TxTb CJIeJjylOlLjee: BO-IIepBbIX, IIOJIyLIeHI3e HOpMalib- HbIX IIOKa3aTeJIeI3 LjB2Ta HO 3Be3j(aNI SIBJIHeTCR OT3eHb rpy6blNI HpH6JII3}KeHI3eNI, HOCKOJIbKy CH2KTp OTJ[eJIbHbIX THROB BHeraJIaKTHLIeCKI3X TYNIaHHOCTeI3 He AIO-, 3K2T TO~IHO COBHaJjaTb CO CHC'KTpONI K8KOI3-HI36yJ[b KapJII'IKOBOI3 3Be3J~bI, BBI3,Zjy?, Toro, LITO BO BHet'aJIaKTI3~IeCKHX TyMaHHOCTHX HaXOAHTCR j[OBOJ1bH0 60JIbH10I~L. HpOL[e,HT 3Be3,q rHraHTOB. I103TONIy HOpMaJIbHbII3 LjBeT TyNIaHHOCTeII JjOJI}Keff COOTBETCTBOBBTb KaKOMy-TO CpC',11,HeMy Mex{Ry 3HaLIeHHHNIH, OTHOCHHjI3MI3GSi K, KapJIIIKBNI H K I'HraHTaM. BO-BTOpbIX, KaK yKa3aH0 BbIHIe, BBHJ~y 'I'OI'O, ~ITO B CJIy~Iae TyMaHHOCTeIX Mb[ I1MeeM J(eJ10 C Hp0'CSI1I{CHHbIMH 06'beKTaMl'I, a B CJIy~Iae 3Be3J~-C TOTIetIHbl- MH, MON{CT BbIT~I'I'II CHC'reMaTHLieCKOe pa3JIHLIHe B HOJIyTIaeMbIX LjB2TaX, HTO OHSiTb-TaKH M03I{e'1' Hp.HBEC'CH K CHCTeMaTHLIeCKOI~I OHIHC)Ke B OHpeJ~e.TIeHHH H3- ~bITKOB uBeTa. Me}KJ(y TCM KaK y C T e 6 6 z~ x c a H Y H T cp o p A a HoRO6- HOE SIBJIeHHe 6yJjCT MaJIO 3aM2TH0 BBHJ~y HpHMeHeHHA ~JI2KTp0(~OTONIeTpa. B-TpeTbHX, ~~ 3Be3J~ KapJIHKOB H03,1~HI~IX KJIaCCOB, O,iI,HOPO H TOI'O x{e CHeK- 1'paJIbHOI'O HOJ[pa3J~eJIeHHSi, gB2T OueHb CHJIbHO 3aBI~CHT OT aCCOJIK)THOII Be- ,;II-TgI~IHbI. ~,TTSI HpHNICpa MO}ICIIO yKa3aTb Ha IjeJIbII3 pslA pa60T ~ O p T a [10(~f! . II C T C' fj 6 H H C a N y H T Cp O p A a, 06Hapy}KI3BHIHX 3TOT 9(~JCpeKT. B ~IB? CTHOCTH, C T e F~ H II C K y H T (p O p Z[ iI24~ yKa3aJII3, LITO RJISI 3Be3A Kap- .TIHKOB, HpH H3MEHeHHH a~COJIfOTH01'I BeJIHzII3HbI OT M=3.7 I[O M=-f-4.7, IIOKa- 3aT2JIb I[B2Ta B AHTepHai[HOHaJIbHOII IIIKaJIE NI2HSIeTCSI OT ~ -E- ~2? ~ 5 , LO -~--Q'?~ 94. Tc1KHM o6pa3oM, Ho~6Hpasl 3Be3ubl M=x--3.7 I3JIH M=-{-4.7, Mo~I{xo npH.q- TH K COBepHI2HH0 pa3,nH~IHbiM 3HaueI-IHANI HOpNIaJIbHbIX IIOKa3aTeJIeI3 IjB2Ta I3 TC'M CaNIbIM-K pa3JII3tIHbIM 3HaLI2HH5IM H36bITKOB uBeTa. Bbt~Op 3Be3Jj B Ka~I2CTBe CTaHAapTOB j[JIH HOJIyT-I2HHSI HOpNIaJIbHbIX HOKa- 3aTe,TIe1'I uBeTa BHeraJIaKTI~IUeCKHX TyMaHHOCTeI~I SIBJIHeTCSi OLIeHb rpyi7bINI IIpI3- hJI13}I{eHHCM; HeCOMHeHI-IO hbiJlO 6bI JIyLIHIe, ~ITO~bI Z(JIH BbIBOJja HOpMaJIbHbIX: IIOKa3aTe.1IC'YI IIBeTa CJ[y3I{HJIH CaMH BHeraJIBKTH~IeCKI3e TyNI2HHOCTH. IIeCNIOTpS~ Ha CKa3aHHOe, KaK VBHJjHM HIIA{e, HpH BbIBOAe 3aKOHa HOTJIOH>;eHHSI CB2Til Nlbi~ ~bIJIH BbIHy}I{j[eHbI HCIIOJIb30BaTb HOpNIaJIbHble IIOKa3aT2JII3 IjB2Ta, J~aHHble ~ Ta6JIHUe XIX. Z4. O K000KIHC-31KOHC KaK H MHOPHe 7~pyrHe aBTOpbI, MbI BOCHOJIb30BaJII3Cb 1[JIH OHpeJ~eJI2HHA' H3~HpaTeJIbHOI3 OIITH~ICCKOYI TOJIH];HHbI B HaHpaBJIeHHI3 HOJIK)COB cesepaoro xi K)}1{HOI'O HOJIyIHapHI3 HaHIeI~i I'aJIaKTHKII 3aKOHOM KOCeKaHCa. IZOJIy~ieHHe H3- 6HpaTeJIbHOI3 OHTI3LIeCK01'I TOJIH1;HHbI CyHI,eCTB2HH0, IIOCKOJIbKy I33 Hee MO?KH~ BbIBOCTH OGII_jee IIOPJIOIII,eHHe A~;~,- ~CM. HH?KO~. I70 3aKOHy KOCeKBHCa, KpOMe II3~HpaTeJIbHOII OIITI3~IeCKOI3 TOJIHjI3HbY, MO}KHO HOJIy~IHTb COCCTBeHHOe HOrJIOHjeHHe HCCJIeJ~yeNIbIX OC)'beKTOB, Ha KO- TOpOe yKa3bIBaeT HOCTOfIHHbII3 LIJIeH (~OpMyJIbI. I~I3 HaHIHX Ha~JIK)j[eHI3I3 1VIb1 HOCJIeJjHerO IIe HOJIytIHJIH. B C.TIyLTae 3Be3J~ HOCTOHHHbIII ~IJI2H MO}KHO TOJIKOBaTb KaK HOPJIOH];eHHe B COCCTBeHHOI~I aTMOC(pepe I3JII3 HpHHHCbIBaTb er0 OHII36Ke HyJIb-IIyHKTa. TaK, HaHpHMep, C T e 6 6 K H C H Y H T~ o p A [124] roBOpslr O C06CTB2HHOM HOrJIOHjeHHI3 B CJIy~Iae BHeraJIaKTIILI2CKI;IX TyMaHHOCTeI3, a ,1);JISI' 3Be3J[ THHa, B OHH OC~'bSICHSIIOT HOCTOSIHHbII~ LIJI2H K1K OHIH6Ky HyJib-HyHKTa..: ~f~ ,.. 5, Blo~n.a. Ao'ac-r. acTpo(~I. o6c., Ns 13 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 COrJIacHO BbIAIeCKa3aHHOMy, 3KeJI8TeJIbHO 6bI1I0 6bi nOJIygHTb KOC2KaRC- 3aKOH AJIH OTj[eJIbHbIX TI3IIOB Ty1VIflHHOCTeI3, uT06bI BbISICHFiTb, Ba3KHbII3 C TO~IKIi 9peHHH 9BOJIK)IjHH BHeradIaKTHTteCKHX TyM8HHOCTeI3, BOnpOC O TOM, KBKOIry[ THn ?O6]Ia,T;aeT H8H60JIbIIIHM COGCTB2HHbIM norJlOLueHIIe1GI. MbI XOTeJIH JjJIfl 3TQIi I.[eJIH nOJIygHTb KOCeKBHC-3aKOH J.[JIfl TpeX OCHOBHbIX THIIOB TyIVIaHHOCTeH. HO, BBHAy He60JIbIliOrO ~IHCJIa TyMaHHOCTeI3, MbI OrpaHH~IxJIHCb JIHIIib Onpe,uene- HH@M OIITH~IeCKOH TOJIILjHHbI K8K CCBepHOTO, TflK H IO}KHOI'O nOJIyltlapHIi I'aJIBK- THKH n0 BCBM TI-iIIaM TyMBHHOCTOH. HH}Ke ,ijalOTCfl Ta~JIHI~bI XX H XXI, KOTO- Pble COCT8BJI0HbI n0 OCHOBHbIM THIIBM TyM2HHOCTeI?I J[JIfl C2BepH000 H IO?KHOI'O IIOJIyIIIapHIi, COOTBeTCTB0HH0. IZOJIb3yflCb n0 Ta6nHue XX CpeJ~HHNi nOKa3aT~~- dleM IjBeTa JjJIfl J1;aHHOIi IIIApOTbI, a T8K}Ke H Cpej(HHPI 3HaYeHHeM HOpMa.nbHbI~ Ta6.rixua XX Qb(ho~o + Sou 40 So bo ryo 80 o.8y(Zi) o.s8(37) o.8i169) o.ryry(io5) 0.71(3h) 31oxa3aTeJIeH useTa IIL.~=O'!b59 JjJIfl BC@X THIIOB, z[aHHbINt s Ta6JIxue XI:sC, ~bI no.nygHJlx xocexaxc-saxoH AJIfl cesepxoro no.nyulapxx I'a.naxTHxx s sNZ~e pasexcTBa: ;~,.' - ix = l l Liv = -+?0.02-f-0.13 cosec b? (2.20) I~IOJIb3yflCb T8K3Ke CpeuHHMH nOKa3aTeJ[flMH I[BeTa Ta6JIHI(bI XXI I3 TeNt Kie 3HaileHHeM HOpMaJIbHbIX nOKa3aTealeli IjBBTa, MbI nOJiyTIHJIH TeM }Ke CIIO- ~co6oi~r xocexaxc-saxox A.afl toxcxoro no.nyutapHfl B Bx1[e pasexcTSa: tis - I 1 I (s =--O.C2-{-0.17 cosec b. (2.21) KaK BHAHO K3 paBeHCTB (220) H (2.21 } , H36HpaTeJlbHafl OIITH*IeCK3R TOJILuHHa Ka?I{ ,gJIfl COBepHOtO, TflK H j[JIfl IO}KHOI'O nOJIK)Ca I~aJIaKTHKH paBHa x.15. MO}KHO CKa3aTb, ~ITO 9Ta BeJIHYHHa J~OBOJ[bH0 XOpOII[O COBna,I[aeT C TeM lCOH(~(~HLjHeHTOM ROrJIOUjeHHfl Ha KHJIOnapC2K A=U9!i 2t3. KOTOpbIkI AIbI nOJIy- ~IaeM HH}Ke, rtpH J~OnyIueHI3x JjJtfl IIOJIyTO.TIII],HHbI norJlOlualoluero cJtofl 500 TlapCeK. Ec.nH BeJIHYFIHy ~=0~m 15 npHBelceM K HHTepHauliOHadIbHOH CI3CTe- Me HO cpoplvty.ne (2.6) , T. e. y14IH0}KI314I Ha K03C~(~I3IjxeHT 0.72, TO IIOJIy~iHA4 'C= ~'" 11, iITO 1GIOx{HO C~IHTflTb IIpHe1GIJIe1GIbIM pe3yJIbT1TOM. Tervl He IGIeHee, OIITHUeCKyIO TOJIIuNHy t=0"n 15 HeJIb3fl CTIHTaTb BIIOJIH@ xopoHlxM IIpN6.nHx{exxeM K .i[eHCTBHTeJIbHOCTH BBHAy TpyJ1:HOCTH HaXO?K,i;eHHH NCTI3HHOI'O HOp1VIaJIbHOI'O nOKa3aTeJIfl uBeTa Ty1GIaHHOCTeI3 n0 3Be3j[aM. bepfl H2CKOJIbKO i3Hble 3HaLIeHFiR HOpIDIaJIbHbIX nOKa3aTeJIeII IjBCTa, IVIO}KHO rIOJIy4HTb 1~IeHbIIIee HJII3 ~OJIbIITee 3HaTIeHHe KaK JjJIfl S, T8K H JjJIfl nOCTOSIHHOtO ~IJIBI-[a B pasexcTSax (2.20) x (2.21). TaKFI14I 06pa30M, ABe OCHOBHble IIpI-ILII-iHbl: 1) TpyAHOCTb OnpelleJIeHxfl J~JI*( TyHiflHHOCTeI~I, HOPI4IaJIbHbIX nOKa3aTeJ[eI3 Ii,B2Ta, nOCKOJIbKy HerlpaBHJIbHO 6bIJI0 ObI 1[y1FIaTb, LITO O,gHOMy K TO1GIy xce THny BHeraJIaKTI3~IeCKI3X TyMaHHOCTeI~ n0 [~OplVte COOTBeTCTBOBaJt 6bI OJjI3H H TOT xce uBCT, H 2} CyIueCTBOBaHHe B CaiKr3x Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Unpea~e.rrellxe norcaaa're,rcer3 ut3eTa 509 axeraJlaxTi~~Iecxxx TyMaxxocTe~I.. ? 67 ~BrleraJiaKTN~ecxHx TyMaIIHOCTflx Hs6xpaTeJlbxoro rlor,noHieHHa, sasHCxu.>;ero SOT THIIa H OpHEHTHpOBKH 3KB8TOpHaJIbHOI3 riJIOCKOCTH TyM3HHOCTH OTHOCH- TeJIbHO JIy~Ia 3peHHR, AeJIaIOT H2CKOJIbKO 3aTpyJ.[HHTeJIbHbIM IIpHM0H2HI3e $He- I'aJIflKTHYeCKHX Ty1GI2HHOCTeH B Ka~IeCTBe 06'beKTOB ,ijJISI H3y~IeHI35I norJtorue- xHSI B Haiuei3 I'aJIaKTHKe. ~JISI 6oJlee xaAemxoro Hx HpH~rexeHHx Heo6xoRHMo 3llaxxe, no xpal3xel3 Mepe, cneKTpaJlbxoro xJlacca AJISI KaxiAOt3 BHeraJiaxTl'I- ileCKOH TYMflHHOCTN, K KBKOMy 1'Nrly OHa He OTHOCHJIaCb 6bI. `~Jr. O 3aKOH~C I[Or.nOll[BHHH MHOPHMH HCCJIe,IjOB2TeJISIMH 3HaYeHi~ie HOKa3aTeJIfl a B 3aKOHe IIOtJIO- II.[eHHfl ?~I)~ ?` HpHHIIMaJIOCb paBHbIM eJ~HHI3Ije ,i[JISI (~OTOrpa(~H~IeCKOI'O H BH- 3y8JIbHOI'O yuaCTKOB CIIeKTpa, TITO Hy}KHO C~II3T0Tb J~OBOJIbHO rpy6bIM IIpH6.nx- NCeHHOM, HOCKOJIbKy, K8K yCTBHOBJIEHO IIO 133yueHHK) CIIeKTPO(pOTOM2TPH~Ie- ~CKHX rpaj(H2HTOB rIOICpaCHeBIIIHX 3Be3R, 3HatIeHHe ~ iVIeHSieTCSi B j[OBOJIbHO IIIHpOKHX HpeJ[eJIBX (HOJ[pO~HO CM. HH}Ke}. 3Ha~FeHHe CL O~IeHb T8CH0 CBH3a- HO C 3aBHCHMOCTbK) O~UjerO IIO['JIOLI[eHHSi OT H36bITKOB LjBeTa, a 3Ta 3aBHCFI- MOCTb SIBJIfleTCSI OCHOBH013 B 1(eJIe A3yLI2HHSI KaK IDIe}K3Be3,i(HOPO, T1K H ivlext- ra.iiaKTHUeCKOPO IIOrJIOII[eHHfl. O~03Ha~IaSI IIOKa387'eJIb .a J~,TIfl (~O'rOrpa(~I31IeCKHX Jiy~Iel3 ~Iepes a~, - 1jJtfl ~(~OTOBH3yaJIbIIbIX xepe3 a~ , it 061Ijee HOr,TIOH);eHHe B (jIOTOrpa(pHTIeCKHX J#yuaX- -uepe3 A ~ N B C~OTOBH3VaJIbHbIX --tiepe3 try , a TaK?I{e H36bITOK IjBOTa '~It'pe3 ~u, A40}KeM HaHHCBTb: Ap, b~p-nz,~ Av = b~~. ~", (2.22) i l 1,= b(~~-"r'-~~?"~)? (2.23) BOCiIOJIb3yeMC5I N3BeC'I'HbIMYI 3aBHCHMOC'1'flMH 'YP= ~p , A~ ~1u ra - Stu. =Coraracxo (2,22) x (2.23), Mo3KeM rlepeHHCaTb Hx cJIeRyIOH~IIM o6pasoM: _-Uq~ -Ctv ~~ r- _ r _ ~ r~ _ ~? (2.24) (,~~ ap. ~`, an) (,gyp av - ~v a?~ D'rH (popbiyJlbl, B cny~iae aP= a~- -1, npxxHMaloT cJteRyIOIIT,Hra BHR: ~i,-' ~ o I (lp'-- ~v I) (gyp I_. ~~ I) B xaxosoH i~opMe HMI~I ~Iarue Bcero H HoJibsyloTCx. BBeAeM ,i[JISI o'rHOHIeHNfl o61uero HorJIOII>;exHSi B cpoTOrpacpH~zeexHx JIy- ?~IaX K O~IIje1VIy HOPJIOII(eHHIO B (~OTOBH3yaJIbHbIX 0603Ha~ieHNe: A~, b~-3e ~r. ECJIH CpaBHHIVI 3Ty BeJIH~IHHy C RpyPHMH ~IJIeHBMH, BXOjjH1~HIGIH B (~OpMy ~lbt (2.34), Mbi yBHI[HM, ~ITO ad(I'IL~) n0 Kpa~IHCIi Mepe B IO pa3 IHexbIlle, 'IeA[~' OTAeJIbHble 9JIeHbi, T. e. OT6pOIIIeHHaSI BeaIH~HHa npeRCTaBnAeT TOJIbKO JIHItIb?? IUgp: IIO CpaBHeHHK) C OT,APTIbHbIMH ~IJIeHBMH H AOCTHTaeT 15a~~. OKOHgaTenbHO~ SeJIH~IHHbI 3HaAIeHaTe]ISI. KaK BHAHM, 3TOT ~IJIeH He TdK yxc He3Ha~II3TeJieH, HO OTGpaCbIBaSI ero, ~bI He O~IeHb CHJIbHO IGIeHHe1VI OKOHKaTeJIbHbI~i pe3yJIbT2T, eCJiH ItpHHHTb B(T BHHIGIaHHe B KSKHX IIIHpOKHX TlpeAenaX M2HHeTCSi Be7IHQHHa '~' y pasxblx as- TOpOB. n03TOMy Mb1 peulH.nH OCTaBHTb (pOpIHyJIbI (2.35), nOCKOnbKy, KaIG Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 VBHJ.~HM HH?Ke, OHH j[aK)T JIyYIIIHe pe3yJlbTaTbI, IIpH CpaBHeHHH c ~ipyrHUl~ aBTOpaMH, YeM 9T0 IIOJIVIIaeTCSI I~pH HOJIb30BaHHH IpopMyJloK (2~4), npx yc JIOBHH Gdp = av=1 OueHHM TdK3Ke, Oj[HflKO, H3CKO.RbKO pa3JIHYHble pe3yJlbTaTbI j[aeT npx- NIOHeHHe (~OpMyJI (2.35) H (2.34) . PBCCPiIOTpHIVI JjJIR 9TOI'O BbIpax{eHHe AHH I4 B ~THx cpopmyJlax; a~. ~`I, H2= app bti ~, Hs=-- b,~~I' B c,nyvae, xorl[a NIbI IIOJIb3yeMCH (~opmyJlaMZ3 (2,~4) AJISI Hl, Ho.nyYaexr 1:28, (HpIIHI3i,Iasl xp=av==1), a ~(p(pexTHBHble uJIHHbI Bones ~`, = 0.54 ~-I ~p=0.42 MHKpOH. B CJIy4ae., KOPAa MbI IIOJIb3yeMCSI CpOpMyJIaMH (2.35), A?aA H2 rIOJ11'- HaeM 1.55 ,I[Jlft TeX ?I{e 3(p(~eKTHBHbIX jjJIHH BOJIH x COOTB2TCTByIIjHe H1FI a`,= I,8o ~-r ah=o.9o, corJlacxo Ta6Jlxue XXIII. O HpHBe,r[eHIIbIX 3HaLIeHI3RX H MO?KHO CKa3aTb, LITO OHH OZ[HOPO HOpSIAKa. B CJIyYae (~OpMyJI (2.35) 3HaYeHHA HZ CMeuialoTCSf B CTOPOHy TOYHOTO 3Ha- b ~"'? .~~~~r N pal3~~c~ I ,5. J~a.nee Bocno,nbsyeMCx c~opMy.iraMx (2.40). ,~.nsl sTOro o6paTxr~ICx K ra6- ,.iixue XXII, rAe HaxoAxM, ~ITO ; p t = 3.4. B TaxoM c.>iy~Iae Ada Y'r MbI 6y,geit xMeTb: r p = 3.4 X 1.5 = 5.1. IZo.ny~exxasl se.nx~tHHa no~ITx coBnaAaeT c Be.nx~HHOr3, BbiseAexxoH ARu Toro xte xaTa.nora H. ~. ~ ,a o p x [51 ] (5.1 ? 0.2) x O. A. M e .>t b H x K o.- B bI M [38] (5.0) x OtI2Hb 6.nxsxa K BeJIx~IxHe Hxx{HerO Cipej[eTla '~'~, KOTOpyK) ?O o p T [100a Halue.a ApyrxM nyTeM. TaKxM O6pa30I4i, ypaBHeHxsl (2.40) j~aIOT j[OBO.RbHO HaJ(e3KHbie pe3yJlbTil- . TbI x eiue pa3 yKa3bIBaK)T Ha nO.Tib3y tpOPMyJI (2.35}. tIpx BbIBO,IZe BbIIIIenpxBeAeHHbIX (pOpMy.n MbI CLIxTaJIx, uT0 BeJix~IHHa HO- Ka3aTeJISI C. McHSIeTCSi C ,ijJIxHOI3 BOJIHbI. I-IOCMOTpx1VI, H3CKOJIbKO 3T0 jIOHy- II];eHxe COOTBeTCTByeT J~eI3CTBHTeJIbHOCTx. I~I3BCCTHO, ~ITO 6a.nbulxHCTBOM I-ICCJie- ;l(OBBTeJIeI3 3Ha~IeHxe CG KaK j[JISI CpOTOrpa(~xT{eCKI3X, T8K x JjJISI C~OTOBx3yaJIb- ~IbIx ~Iy~Iei3, IIpH BbIBOAe K03C~[~xl~xeHTa rp Ii '~~ npHHHMa.TIOCb K3K IIOCTOSi- AHOe. HO, K8K yKa3aJI pxA xCC,neuOBaTe~neH CTIeKTpO(~OTOMeTpxYeCKHX i?paij~I- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 , I~1L~'nt int , ~.lj~int int gyp= `VIII Yn 1'0= YII~ Yo I'II ~~t Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Ortpe~eJlexlte xoxasaTeJleK uBeTa 509 sxeraJlalcTx~ecxxx Tyn~axxocTex... '~~ ?~HTOB HOKpaCHeBHII-IX 3Be3Jj (P y j(H N K [107], O. ~. M e JI b H N KO B [37] H ApyrNe), HOKa3aTeJIb 3IIa~INTeJIbHO M2HSIeTCSI K8K J~JIA CpOTOrpaC~N~IeCKHX, T8K H AJISi C~70TOBH3yaJIbHbIX JIyLIeI3. HaMN ~bIJIN ONpejjeJIBHbI 3Ha~IeHNSI HOKa- 3aTeJiSi a C HOMOIIjbIO KpNBbIX CHeKTpOC~OTOMeTpH~IeCKI3X rpaJ[N2HTOB HO- KpBCHeBNINX 3Be3A HO JjaHHblNi I~ y j~ H H K [107], O. .~. M e JI b H N K O B a [371, CTe6CNxea, Xacpc~epa H YI3TCpopAa [122]. KpNSble T.H@KTpOC~OTOMeTpN~IeCKNX rpaj[NPHTOB 3TNX aBTOpOB ZjaK)TCH Ha ~IepTetKe 11. KpNBasl CTe66Nxca, Xacpcpepa x YKTCpopRa NpHBeAe- Ha K CNCTCMe P y J~ H H K N n. ~, M e JI b H N K O B ii NO CpOpMyJIe (2.41) lg(~m -{- D) _ - a lg~ -~- lgc2 =1gk ~-- lgc3 (2.41) a ;lie k = ci~___", 0m = ca~~?, c~ = c2-. Cq Ha NepTexce 1 1 HBHeCeHbI KpHBble P y J~ H N K, y KOTOpOI%I D=-().~6, "C T e 6 6 N H c a Nero xoJlJier RJISI HD 190603-HD 190993 H O. A. M e .n b- H H x o B a (cM. B ero pa6oTe cpxr. 4). KaK NOKa3bIBaeT LlepTe}K 11, a TaK3Ke Ta~JIHL~a XXII, xpNBylo C T e 6- ~ H H C a Nero KOJI.IIer MO}KHO C~INTflTb IIpSIMOI3, Ha~INHaH L ~ ~ 30U 1-~ H Jja,lIb_ IIIe, C rpa)~NeH1'UM OKOJIO 2. ,ZI,JISI jj,TIHg BOJIH, McHbHINX TIeM ~ 5200 A, ICpI3BaSt ~T2HOBN7'CSI ~O.TIee HOJIOI'OFI, H 3HaLIeHNSI ~ ,i[JISI (~OTOrpaCpH4eCKHX JIy~IeII ?Ia- XO,Z[SITCSI B NpeJje,,TlaX, 2 ~CG~O. LIepTetK II 6~ba`~o I3 Ta~JINI~e XXII ,~aK)TCH 3H8YeHH5I K09C~(~HIjHOHTa Yp RJYSI pasHVCx ~p ~~ a~. N ,i[JISI pa3HbIX 9(~(~eKTI3BHbIX JjJIHH BOdIH, BbILIHCJICHHbIX IIO' C~OpMy- .FaM (2.35). ECJIN ~{JIH GLp ~~ a~. NIbI 6yReM CHNMdTb 3HaLI8HHSI IIO KpHBO~ C T e h 6 N II C a I'1 eI'O KO.1TJ[eI' (KpHBaH C) , COOTBeTCTBeHHO J~JISI BOJIH Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 ), X400 t~ lI )~) j00 .~, TO J1JIfl i Pi1 IIUJIy9HM 3.1, a IIO KpHBOI3 P y A x H K: (Kpxsaa A) ,TjJIA T2X xce BOJIH-,~~i't = 2.4. IIpHMeM 3HaTieHHe ~7~nt^ ; ? 1, nOJIy- yeHHOe n0 j[aHHbIM KpI3BOH C, K8K 6o.nee HaAexcxoe. ~Ta BeJIH~HHa xopoul!~? GOBnaj[aeT C AaHHbIMH A JI JI e p a H T p~ M rt n e p a [631, xoTOpble ua~A 'TeX x{e J.[JIHH $OJIH IIOJIyYHJIx Yp t =2.9. COtJI3CHe pe3yJlbTaTOB Hy}KH~ C4HT2Tb OTTIHUHbIM. B0061I1,e HyxcHO OTMeTHTb, ~ITO, IIOJIb3ySICb cpopMynaiKl-~ .(2.35) uJ~R '1'p 11 Y`,, T. e. JI,JIfl pa3HbIX GL. IIOJIytIaeM 3HaileHHSI K03[p(pHI1,Ii- eHTOB H2CKOJIbKO M2Hb1iIHMH, ~IeM 3T0 nO.7Iy~IaJIOCb npH HC3aKOHHOM j[OHylue- HHH aP = a~= 1. yM2HbLlleHHble 3Ha~teHAR K03fp(~HIZHeHTOB (2.4; 3.1; 3.'l }; 60JIbLIIe npH~JIH}KaK)T H8C K HCT13He. A44oo aI, o.81 I I.73 I.15 ~ 2.I2 z.t3 L99 ?Iint A 1.7 I.47 I .,~ I ~,4z5o1 ~Sloo ap~rcv 2. ~ 0.7 3 3 ? I ~ 0.95 3.4 I 0.95 ' I !, f t? I.15 I I.31 z ?75 I.54 I.55 I I.34 q.z 3.9 ).4060 ap 0.58 0.85 0.8 5 ~,J4oo ~!v I.6z I.95 I.84 z.io I.73 I.63 rp, I.r,. z.,{, 2.fr EcJrH Mbt npHMeM 3HayeHHSI K03(pCpHII,HBHTa ', l~ AJIH nepesoAa xs6xpa- Te.nbxoro nor.noH~eHHfl I~IL~ B o6luee norJlolueHHe B HHTepxauHOxaJlbxoH cH- CTeMe paBHbIM 3.1, a T1K}I{E JjJIfl OQTHYeCKOI3 TOJIHZHHhI j[x(~f~epeHTIHaJIbHOTO IIOPJIOILjeHHR B HHTepHal(HOHaJIbHOI?I CHCT2Me _ = 0.11, 4T0 IIOJIyYeHO BbIIIIe, COPJIaCHO KOCOKflHC'3aKOHy, TO ,IjJISI 061L[er0 IIOPJIOII~eHHfl 1~ ~, B HaQpaBJreHHx raJIaKTHYeCKHX lI,OJIK)COB nOJIyHHM: ~9cw_ int, ti = Ora 34 (2.42 ) h Yr ECJIH CpaBHHTb Haley BeJIH~IHHy i~y~ C B2JIHr[HHaMI~[, IIOJIyIIeHHbI1GIN IlpyrHMH aBTOpaMH: X a 6 6 JI [86] 0.25 ~. B H Ji JI H a M c [ 143] 0.305 '~, OopT [100] .0.31 Ti. TI. rI a p e H a r o [43] .0.34 b. E. MapKapflH [34] .0.23-0.40 ~ro yBH,[LHM, uTO Haula BeJIH~HHa To~IHO cosnaRaeT c BeJIHUHHOFi FI. II. II a p e H a r O H ~JIH3Ka K BeJIH~IHHe O O p T a. T8KHM 06pa30M BenHHHHy X a O- U JI a-0.25-npxX0ljHTCSI C~IHTaTb CJIHHIKOIVI 3aHH?KeHHO~'I H nOJIb30BaTbCH c'[!' He cJreAyeT. B Ta6JIHi~e XXIII AaeTCSI 3aBHCHMOCTb a OT ,~. noJly~exxax HO yK:i'- 3aHHbIM KpHBbIM (CM. YepTe3K 11). HHJJ;eKC npH GC yKa3bIBaeT, C TIbeI3 KpH BOIi OHa B3flTa: xR (Pyj[HHK) O:bI (MeJIbHHKOB), a,5t (CTe~- ~ H H C H er0 KOJIJIerH) . B Ta6JIHLje XXIII JjaK)TC8 T8K}Ke Cpe,T~HHe 3H8YeHH5I GG? IIpx BbIBOJ~e Dc)~ CJIAIjHHX M61 npHHHMaJIH BeC IIO KpHBbIN! C T e ~ ~ H H C a x ero xoJlarer paBHbIM 2, a P y A H H K H O. A. M e .n b x H x o B a-paBHbIM 1. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Orrpe,Ie,neuuc, rlurta;3a're?.rreil gr3eTa 509 >3rrera~ra6 t.o8 0.87 ..:87 S30o 1.46 ;,yz 0.70 7.08 0.87 ~ 0.88 5goo I.bz - r.95 0.7; I.t] 0.95 ~ 0.95 500 I 7.73 - ~ z.rz o.7s 7.25 o.y5 ~ u.y8 I 56ou 7.ya -- z.zz I.44 7.55 I.67 7.77 7.84 2.99 QIIpeJ~eJIA51 yKa'3aHHb1C: IS09(~C~I'i1~HeHTbt IIO paBeHC'I'BdM f~p = ~.~, ~ ~~ H A~, = i ~.I1L[ Mbt IIOJIy~II?IM O~?lljee HOrJIOIIjeHNe B CpOTOrpaC~HLI2CKHX K f~OTO- BH3yaJIbHhIX 11y~IaX. Ta6J7xua XXIV OBFto~no N ~ rp ~ ~~ ~p I~ H i ~p ~ t I ~ Yp Yp I00.0 I I.01 7.0 I I.I 7 I.go 2.I r I.39 3.56 I.,j 2 q.I 2 I.25 S.Oa I.I S 16.56 I . [ I I IO.Og? 50.o L02 6.0 I.20 I.$O 2.25 I.38 3.63 I.31 4.22 L2q 5.17 L17 6.88 LIO IL00? s5:o I.o4 5.o I.zb 1.70 2.43 1.37 3.7o r.3o 4.33 I.23 5.35 I.16 7.25 I.og ta.II 15.o I.o7 4.o I.33 I.6o 2.67 t.36 3.78 1.29 4.45 I.aa 5.55 I.15 7.66 I.o8 13.50 . Io.o 1.11 3.0 1.50 1.50 3.0o r.3S 3.86 1.28 4.57 7.21 5.76 r.14 8.14 I.o6 17.70 9.o I.I2 2.5 I.67 1.45 3.zz 1.34 3.94 1.27 4.7o I.2o 6.00 1.13 8.69 I.o4 s6.oo 8.o I.Iq z.o 2.0o r.4o 3.5o r.2; 4.o3IlI.z6 q.85 7.1q 6.26 I.r2 g.;; I.o2 51.00 ? 26. OnpeAeJleHHe Ko~~pcpHuHeHTa o6u~ero Ilor.nou~eHxs[ H 3aBHCNMOCT6 TOJI11(NHbI norJtou~aiou~ero CJIOA OT ra,naKTn4eCKON ,gOJirOTbl I10JIy~IeHHe K03(pcpHl~HeH'Ia O~H~erO nornou~ellHx HMeeT ~OJIbHIOe 3Ha~Ie- - HHe ,I(JISI H3y~IeHHSI CTpOeHHH I'aJIBKTHKH, K2K 3T0 6bIJt0 IIOJ.jYepKHYTO Ha1VIH etue B BB2A2HHH K HBCTOHH[eH pa60Te. OC03Ha~IaSI K09Cpf~HLjHeHT OCJIa6JIeaxH A`BBTa 9epe3 pp ~ KdK H3BCCTHO , l1~ CBH3aH0 C K03(~CpHI1,H2HTOM HOPJIOTijeHHR, ' 1~: a? =1.086 K}, Mbi MO}KeM HaHHCflTb ZjJiSi cyMMapxoro Hor.nolltexHSl ,~ (rp :, HO BCeMy HyTH: A (r) = air (2.43. OtIeB11~H0, 9T0 paBeIICTBOM (2.43} MO}KHO HOJIb30BdTbCSI TOJIbKO TOrA-I, KOrJja H3y~IaeMbte 06'beKTbl pacHOJiO}KeHbI B HJIOCKOCTH 1'aJIaKTHKH; KOrga 3Ke 06~eKTbI pi1CIIOJIOlKeHbI BHe raJIflKTHtIeCKOIi HJIOCKOCTH, T. e. KOrz(a b ~ 0" TO IIpHXO,IjHTCSi HOJIb30BaTbCA ~OJIee CJIO?KHOIi 3aBI3CI31GIOCTbIO, He1Gi (2.43). ~TO . BbI3BdH0 TeM, YTO IIOPJIOII[aK)H);HI3 CJIOF?I paCnOJiO}KeH Bj(OJIb raJiaxTx~Iecxo~ IIJIOCKOCTI3 H HMeeT OpraHHileHHyK) TOJIH1;HHy, T. e. J.~OBOJIbHO ~aCTO IIOrlIO~ - uzalorueK cpeRol3 He 3aHAT BeCb IIyTb Jj0 paccMaTpHBaeMOH sse3j(bI. TeOpHH HOrJIOH~eHHSi pa3pa60TaHa COBeTCKHM y~IeHbIM Hp0(~. )7, n, ~ ~-- - p e H a r o B pa~OTe ,ero H H36HpaTe.nbHO? r0 IIOr.ROIl[eHI3H, a T8K}Ke TOJILL[HHbI HOPJIOLi~aIOHjerO CJIOH. B 3TOM naparpacpe MbI BOCIfOJIb3yeMCSi J~JIS OIIpeAe.neHHA OF)H),er0 IIOrJIO- IL[eHYISI Oj[HOF3 cpopMy.noH, BbITeKaK)LLjeI~I H3 yKa3aHHOH TeOpHII. r]03TOMy BHa- uaale BKpaTge H3J[O}KHM TeopHlo II. II. II a p e H a r o. IIpH H3JION{eHHH MbI 6yj[eM IIpH,ijep?KHBBTbCA pa60TbI aBTOpa H 6yAeM IIOJIb30B8TbCSI er0 xce o60- sxa~eHHxMH. IIpeRcTaBHM ce6e, ~ITO nor,aolualoruasl cpeRa cocTOHT Hs rl,nocKHx c.noeu, KOTOpble paCIfOTIO}KeHbI rlapaJlJIeJIbHO IIJIOCKOCTH I'a.aaKTI3Kx. Pa306beM .9T,~ cpeuy Ha ~eCKOH2YH0 TOHKHe CJIOH; B TSKOM CJIyTIae MON{eM HaIIHCaTb: dA (r) = a (z) dr, rAe A(r)-no,nxoe nor~IOluexHe, cseTa Ha paccTOSIHI3H r, a a (z)-nor.nolgeHHe Ha eAHxxuy rIyTH. IIo,nxoe nor.noruexHe Ha paccTOSIHHH r, I3JIH uo cooTSeTCTSyroruero z = r sin b oT ra.naxTH~ecxol3 IIJIOCKOCTH, 6yAeT pasxo: A(r) _ ~ a (z) dr 0 BHeceM B 3T0 paB2HCTB0 BM2CT0 a (Z) B6Ipa}KeHI3e: (2.44) z r sin b a (z) = a?e P = a?e ~ ~Ta CpyHKl[HH BBO,gHTCH IIO aHaJIOrHH C BbIpa}KeHHe~M ,i~JIH 3Be3JjHOI%I IIJIOT- 7IOCTH D(Z), KOTOpOe HMeeT BHjj: z D (z) = D (0) c ~ (2.45) B ,IjOBO1jbI L~eJIe0006pa3HOCTII HCIIOdIb30BflHHSI (~yHKIjHH (2.45) MbI He 6y- AeT4t BjjaBaTbCSI, rIOCKOJIbKy }KeJIaK)Ii~He MOry'I' HaI-iTH Hx B caMOI~I pa6oTe ~. ~. ~ a p e H a r O. OJjH2K0, 3HaTIeHI3H IfOCTOSIHHbIX a? I I ~ MbI riOSICHHIY[ -HHxie. IIOjjCTBBJIAH (2.45) s (2.44) H paCCMBTpHBaH A K8K (pyHKuHK) T8K3Ke O'I' raJI1KTHYeCKOI-I LIIHpOTbI b, Mbi rIOJIVLIIIM: Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 UIIpC;jeJlel[I~I(; HOIfa:3aTCJIeFI I.~BETa 5f19 BFIePIIJIal{TI3ileCHHX TylV1aHIIOCT2I3... ~7`' ,i~HMOI3 T20pHH H OHa HMeHye1'CH C~OpNIyJIOtI 17, rl. 1Z a p e H a r Ol. OTMe'THM, tITO aHaJIOrH~IHdSI C~OpMy,Ra ~bIJ1a HOJIy~IeHa TaK}Ke X a H T e p O M H Map - T H H O M [89], a b e p M a H O M [66~ 6bIJ1a IIOJIy~IeHa CpOpMyJIa HeCKOJIbKO HHOrO BHJ[a, T3eM (2.47) . OJjHaKO, yHOMSIHyTble aBTOpbI IIOJIyT3aJIH 3TH CpOpM ~- JIbI, rJI3BHbIM 06pa30M, C I1,eJIb10 BbI~IHCJIeHHSI ~CpCpeKTHBHOI'O HyTH JIy~Ia B Hl~- rJIOLLi,aK)LL[eII Cpe~,i(e, H OHH He IIOLHJIH J~aJIbLHe H H@ CMOrJIH pa3BHTb TeOpH10 ' TaK, K8K 3T0 Cj[eJIaJI rl.`11. 1-1 a p e H a r O. C03J~aB TeOpHK) HOrJIOLI[eHHA, ~. rl. 1-1 a p e H a r O CaM HpHN1eHHJI ?0 H J~aJI, KflK yKa3aH0 BbIHIe, pSIJl, M2T0j[OB J_[JISI OHpe,i[eJI2HHSI K09C~1C1)HH,H2HTOB 061L~er0 H H36HpaTeJIbLIOI'O HOrJIOLL[eHHSI H OKOHiIaTeJIbHO yCTBHOBHJI 3Ha~IeHHe 3CpC~eKTHBHOI~I TO,T[H[HHbI HOPJIOLL~aK)ILjerO CJIOSI H Hp. ~TH onpeReJleliHSt HsJ1o~KeHbI r~M B pa6oTax [43, 44, 46] H s y~Ie6xKxe no ' 3Be3j[HOII aCTpOHOMHH [45]. SCSI T20pHH H BbIBOJjbI ~. rl. II a p e H a r O SIB- ,TISiK)TCSI COJIbLHHM BKJIajjOM B J~eJIe H3yLI@HHSI NIe?K3Be3jjHOI'O II~OrJIOH);eHHSi. I-1TOnT,I yCT1HOI3HTb CMbICJI HOCTOSIHHbIX Clo il: ~', B CpO1JMyJte (2. 47) LIOJIO- II{HM cnepsa b=Q?; HpH OTOM IIOJIy~IHTCSI HeOHpe,i);eJIeHHOCTb, HOCJIe paCKpbI-~ THSI KO'rOpOI3 6yJ~eM HMeTb: A (r,~) = aor { 2.48)- 1~13 (2.48) BHJ[HO, tITO np eC1'b CI)aKTOp OCJIa6JIeHHSI CBeTa Ha eJ~HHHI1;y paC- CTOSII-IHA, HO TOJIbKO JIHIlIb B HJIOCI{'OCTH 1laJIaKTHKH. ~ICHO, T3T0 9Ta (~OpMyJI1 Ta }Ke, ~ITO H (2.43) . ~JIH LlflHpaBJIeHHSI Ha HOJIIOC 1~a.TIflKTHKH, b=9p? I3 Y=~ 6yAeM I3MCTl,: A (~,, y0?) =ao j3 .(;2.49). CJle,gosa'reJlbxo R ecTb noJly~'oJIruHHa Taxoro oAxopoAHOro HorJlolualo= H>;ero c.I1osI, Ko'1'opbti~ BbI3bIBae'r 'raI{oe x{e HorJloLuexHe, Kaxoe Ha6JIIORaeTCx B HaHpaBJI2HHH Ha HOJIIOC 1~aJIaKTHKH. TaKyK) TOJIH],HHy N 9CpCpeKTHBHOL[ TOJIIL[HHOI~I CJIOSI. KOPJ~a b McHSICTCSI OT O? ,C10 90~, A (~,b) _ a I' ~_ ~, 1111;1 6yReM HMeTb ao R sin b (2.soy` ~OpMyJIa (2.50) HpHMeHHMa K CJIy~IaK) BHeraJIaKTHYeCKHX Ty1VI2HHOCTe)"I, HOCKOJIbKy JIV'3H O'i' BIICrBJIilKTH~ieCKHX TyMaHHOCTeII IIOCTyHaIOT B HaHIy I'a- JIaKTHKy H3BHe, MO}KeM IIOJIO}I{HTb I' __- ~. TaKHM O~pa30M, c~opMyJloi~ (2.50) MO}I{HO IIOJIb30BaTbCSI K8K JjJISI BHeraJIaKTI3~IeCKHX TyIDI2HHOCTeI3, TaK H J~JISi 3Be3,I>;, HflXOJZSILL[HXCSI BHe CJIOSI IIOrJIOIII;aIOLLjeI3 CpeJ-jbI, a ,ijJISI 3Be3jj HaXOj[SIIIjH-K- csI B HorJloLualolueM cJloe H HMeIOH-i,Hx b=90~, CpopMyJla (2.47) npLIBOAHTCSI x BHAy: H (r, 90?) - ~o (3 ~1 .-- c ~ ~ (2.51}~ 1~OCKOJIbKy HOJIHdSI (a He 9C~[~eKTHBHaA) TOJIIIZHHa IIOrJIOH],aIOH~erO CJIOSi Mox{eT HpocTHpaTbca Ao 500 Hapcel{ H ,gaJlbHle, cpopMyJIOI3 (2.51) Mox{Ho IlOJIb30B8TbCH HpH H3y~1eHHH HOPJIOLLjeHHSI B OKpeCTHOCTSiX HOJIK)Ca l aJIaKTHKL~ ZjOBOJIbIIO IHHpOKO. I~ ~JIH 6oJlce obB~ero cJly~asl cpopMyJla II. II. II a p e x a r o 6bIJIa BbIBeReHa ~. C. 111 a p O B bI DI 1591. Ee. MbI 3~eCb He IIpIIBOjjLIM, OC06LL~eHHaH CpopMyJla f~.. C. 111 a p O B a y9FI'rbIBBeT 1'aIf7ICC' J{OJIrO'1'lIbII3 3C~1C1)CHT, T, e. Hpej~CTaBJICHO BbIp87HeH+Iv ~rrx A (r, U, 1). Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Ec.rlH Bocno.nbsosaTbcsl McTOAoM II. II. II a p e x a r o [43] II orlpeue.nATb . .a? . H co A.aA Haulero C.ltygax, T. e. npxMeHxx cpopMy~Iy: i~I11, 2.52 X+ 5 ~ =1g r' - lgl'lIZ - 5.4I~ILj sin b, ( ) :rite X = - Ig c? , Y - a0 , a e? - KoscpcpxuxeHT Hs6HpaTe.~bxoro norr;EHI~ISI' IIO HI~IM ? 27: _Cnoco6 onpeRe.neHNSI noxasaTe,neH uBeTa uecpexA H Haula cHCTeMa noxasaTe.nel; uBeTa OHpeue.neHHe HoxaseTe.ael~ uBeTa Ro,arollepHORII~Iecxxx uec~eHR I~IMeer 6o,nbuloe sxa~IexHe BBHRy Toro, ~ITO uecpeH,gbl HaxoAxTCSI Ha ua.nexHx paccTO- SIHHHX I3 H03TOMy 3aBeJI,OMO MO?KHO HpeJ~HOJIaraTb, 9T0 OHH HMeIOT 60JIbHII3e. H366ITKH LjBeTa. KpOMe TOI'O, Lje(peI~IJ~bI HOKa3bIBaIOT 6o.abuloe cryluexxe B ' nJIOCKOCTI3 I-aJIaKTHKH, rj[e 60JIbIIIe BCerO CryHjeHa H HOrJIOIuaK)HZasI PiIBTe- pHSI, II II09TOMy H3y~IeHIIe uecpeHA, B CiVIbICTIe onpeReTIexHSI HX IjBeTOB, Hpe1~- CTBBJISIeT 60JIbLII0I3 HHTepeC ,i[dIA H3yTI2HHSI I~aJIaKTI3KH B ueJIOM. BCe 3T0yif1- 3bIBaeT Ha CIIpaBeJ~JIHBOCTb Bb160pa HaMH 3THX 06'beKTOB ,i[JIA HaIIIeH 3aJjaLI13. OAHaKO, BBHAy TOI'O, ~ITO ueCpeHAbI He O~IeHb MHOtO~IHCJIeHHbI,_ Tpe~yeTCA C70- .nee TluaTeJlbHOe OHpeJ_[eJIeHHe HX H,BeTOB, ~IeM 9T0 j[eJIaeTCSI J~JISI 06bI~IHbIR.~ 3se3A, HoABepralotuxxcx 1VIa000BbIM onpeRe~IexHxM H axa~Il3sy. B KarIeCTBe HeJ~OCT2TKOB IjeCpeHA C TOUKH 3peHHSI H3yYeHI3SI nOrJIOLueHHH; MO?KHO yKa3aTb Ha I ~ j[OBOJIbHO 3HaLIHTeJIbHOe I331GI2HeHHe I1;BeTa C H3IVIe- H2HHeM HX 6JIeCKa I3 2) Ha H~X03KJ~eHHe IjeCpeHjj B 1VIeCTflX, 0613JIbH1~IX 3Be3- J~aMH, TITO npH HaJIH1IHH He60TIbIIIOI'O MBCHITa6a, (K8K 3T0 MbI I3MeeM Ha aHa- ~eppaII,HOHHOI%I KflMepe ~~=I.O$ CM) HeH36e}KHO HpHBORHT K 6OJIbIIII~M C.ay- 4aHHbIM OIIII3~K81VI. I-IepBbIIi He,i[OCT3TOK 6bIJt IIpeOjjOJIeH HaMI~I T2M, TITO (~OTOM1T2pHaJt ATI'a OHpej[eJIeHHSI nOKa3aTe.nex IjBeTa Ho~Iyua,ncx B MaxcHMyMe 6~Iecxa uefpeHll. . Z[JIR HpeOj[OJIeHHSI BTOpOI'O HeJjOCTaTKa ynOTpe6JISiJIHCb OHTHMa.RbHble 3KCII0? 3I3IjHH, KTO npeIISITCTBOBaJIO HOJIy~IeHHIO CTIa6bIX 3Be3J~ Ha IIJIaCTHHKIX. IIpH OHpeRe~eHHH HOKa3aTe.TIeI3 I[B2Ta LjeC~eHJj MbI nOJIb30BaJIHCb T0M ?K0 HHCTpyIVIeHTOM H C~OTOMflTepHaJIOM, KaK H A.Ttx onpeAe.neHHx noxasaTe.neH IjBeTa BHeraJIaKTHLIeCKHX TyMBHHOCTeII. ECT2CTBeHHO, LITO 3(p(~]eKTHBHaSI Z[JIH- Ha BOJIHbI Id CHCT2Ma HOKa3aTeJieI3 uBeTa, KOTOpble BbIBeJ~eHbI JjJISI BHeraJIaK- THIIeCKHX TyMaHHOCTeI3, OCTaIOTCSI B CHJIe H j[JIH uecpel3,u. CHOCO6 no.ny~IeHHR cpoTOrpacpl3~Iecxoro MaTepraa.na Tax}xe 66IJI ocTaB.neH TaxI3M xce, T. e. Ha oA- HOI3 H TOI3 }Ke H.RaCTI3HKe CHHIDIaJIHCb ABa r~so6pax{eHi~Ix 3Be3J~bI B CHH2M H ?KeJITOM (~HJIbTpaX. rlpHMeHeHHe j[aHHOI'O CH0006a (pOTOrpa(pHpOBBHHSI H1VIeeT HeKOTOpOe HpeII1VIyLueCTBO rlepeA z[pyrHMH CII0006aMH, O ueM 6bI1I0 CKa3aH0 ' BbIHIe (cM. r~I. II ? I O) . B Ka}KJ~yIO HOLIb j~JISI I3CCJIejjyelGI0I3 HJIOIua,ijKH nOJIy~IaJIaCb 000TB2TCTByIO- TIjaSI CTflHJjapTHaSI IIJIOLuaRKa B6JII33H CeBepHOI'O nOJIIOCa. rIOJIb3ySICb 3T0~ IIJIOluaj[KOI-I, itiIbI rlepesoRH.nH nonyuexxble nOKa3aTeJIH uBeTa B HHTBpHaIji30- HaJIbHyIO CHCT2My, peluaA 1[JISI Ka}KJ~OI-I HO~IH CCI000601VI HaH1VI2HbIIII3X KBaJ.[pa- TOB yCJIOBHble ypaBHeHI3A BH,~a: I7IZ""T = aIIIZ -}- bm -I- c. (3,1)_ t Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 OrLpe~[e.nellkLe rLOllas~lTeJleii gaeTa ~[oJlrorlepNOux~Iecxxx gecpexA kL:... Sp KpoMe Toro, xax B ztpyrNx cJlyYaxx, noJlyLlexxble noxaaa'reJIN I[seTa xC= rlpaBJrxJrklcb sa aTMOC(pepuoe norJlolueHNe. ~JIR nO,IIyEIekINSI NOKa3aTEJIEN uBeTa MbI O~bI9H0 CTpOHM, KaK yKa3blBa+ JIOCb BbIIHE B rJIaBe II, XapaK7'epI3CTNLIECKNe KpNBbIf', ~~. 111~~} N (~~ Blips n0 nOJISIpHOFI ?nOCJIEj[OBaTEJIbHOCTN. 13 TdKOM CJIyYae, OnpEZ[EJISIEMble BBE',3,T[Hbi~ Be1IN~INHbI H'IIOKa3dTe,llN L[B@Ta nO,lly~IdK)TCH B COCCTBEHHON CNCTEME'.. N OHH BKJIIOYaK)T B CE65I OIIIN~KN I[BE'I'a.. OL1eBNJ~HO, B ,I[aHHOM CJIy4ae nOJIyYEHHSI n0= Ka3aTeJIeN uBeTa, U(~(pEl(T nypKl3HbE He JjOJI}I{eH NMETb MECTa n0 npNYNHE' TO- FO, ~ITO OH O,IjHHaKOBO BJINf1eT I{aK Ha NCCJIeJjyeMble, TaK N Ha CTaILj[apTHbTE' 38e3~[bI. v!(~(~)E~KT nypKNHbe, T. e. 3aBNCNMOCTb nOKa3aTeJIeN uBeTa OT 3Be3j[- HbIX Be.1INiINH, JjOJI}I{EH npOS1IiNTb CEFSI npN nepCBOZ[E nOJIy~IEHHbIX nOKa38Te? .rLeN L[BETa B NHTepHal[NOHaJ1bHyK) CNCTEMy, ~'rU6bI N3~e}KdTh GOJIbI1INX BEJIN~INH K03(p(~NUNEIITOB b H C B ypaBHEHNN (3.I), .)IyYIHE CTpONTb XapaKTepNCTk14eCKNe KpNBble n0 OT,Tje.]IbHbIM CneKTpaJIb- IIbIM KJI8CC8M 3Be3J~, Y'r0 MbI N ,7jEJ[aJI[I. YI~aJaHIIOI'O MO}KHO JjOCTHiIbI eCJIrJ r?EJIbIE N 1{paCHble 3BE3J[bI C1'aHJjap'rOB pa3~N'I'b Ha TpN rpynnbI N BME3CT0 ,i[B)7X XapaKTe[JNCTIILICCI{IIX KpNBbIX NO.TIyYHTb IIIeCTb. ~ TaKOM CJIy~IBE, yKa3aHHble K0~(~C~)NuNEIrrbl 6yuyT HN~ITgA{k[O MBJIbIMN H HaLIIN nOKa3aTeJIN uBeTa 6yij9T IIO.TIyI[aTbCSI nOLITN B kI}ITE,pHat[NOkIaJIbkI0I3 CNCTEMe. IZOCI{OJibKy CNCTeN1a nOKk,13aTEJIEI3 IjBETa 3aBNCNT, B O~li[eNj, OT NCnOJIb? 3yeMON nJIEHKN, CBETO(~NJIb'1'pOB, I~IHCTpyMEHTOB ,npOfIBNTEJISI H HpOLINX yCJIO- BHN, a Ha HpaKTNKE BCE 9'f1I yC.iIOBIIH pE,IjKO CO~JIK)JjaK)TCSI Nz[EaJIbHO, MbI Pe. IIINJIN nepEBE?C'rN OnpCJ~?ilIE~II}IbIE Ha MN IIOKa3aTEJIN uBeTa B NHTEpHauNOHaJIb- Hylo CNC'rEMy JjJISI Ka}K,i[ON H09N, B OTj[EJIbHOCTN. CJIEZ[yeT OTMETNTb, ~ITO npi~ onpel[eJlekrNN noKasa'reJIEN u13eTa uet~JeNA Bce onklcaxxble ycJloBNSI ca6.nloAa- JIHCb HaMN ~E3 N3MEHEHl~1SI, HE C9k1TaSI TEX OYeHb pe~[KNX CJIyYaEB, KOrt[8 IIC- nOJIb3yeMbIE HBMN (~OTOnJIEHKIfi 3aMEH$JINCb nJIEHKBMN 0.96) I~IMesI M u yrc AJFSF Bcex HaulHx BeJFx~IHx, noc.ne npF~MeIIeHHSt (3.3), n~Ibl paCCTOSIHF3A OTJI YatOTCSICOTO paCCTOSFHI3Fib~}KOA THaMHOTO yCTy[IaIOLI1IF3M HautFI HM n0 TO~FHOCTI?t. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Orlpe~ealelllle noxasaTe.neH ~seTa Ronrorle~Ilo~x=Iecxllx I~ecpexA x?.. 3 ------__-~ ~- _--- 83 ~'a6.nllua XXVII bl (3 o0~no os. n.. 8afh~83~'a3~ ~ lg P I L I b + ----- I r I mmaz I r 2' . 3.1 41 5, ~~~ ?g .19p II F a all 13!, c.t 4n ~:15~ ;,Ib r17 18 ;ei3 xoLIH (HOJIIOC; Ns 753) ,~.nx Tex x{e To~IeK sTa.rloxa MbI Ho,TryLIHJIH sxa~Iexxe III.~= -}-2,00, Tax LITa Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 I'nasa' TpeTbx 3jjeCb 3TflJIOH OKa3aJICH IIeCKOJIbKO ~OJiee, TIeM Ha HOraTHBe Ns 748. IZBeT 3Ta0- JIOHa, IIOJIy4aeMbl[3 TBKHM 06pa30M, CJIOAy@T OHpeJjeJISiTb HO HeCKOJIbKxM Tt1aI- . KBM. l I-IpxBejC,eHHbIFI IlpxMep HOK23bIBaeT, ~ITO IIO K8KOI3-TO npx~IxHe HOK~73aTev7~ LjB2Ta 3TaJIOHa yMeHbHIxJICA, TOr1[a KaK n0 npeJ[nOJIO3K2HxI0 OH He ]jOJI]K8H M2Hbb1TC5I. PTO x3M2HCHxe MbI BHpaBe npxr~xCaTb rlpOflBJI2Hxro xJlx x3MeH0HHI(1 I),BeTO~IyBCTBx'reJIbHOCTx (~OTOIIJIeIIKx. , B j(aHHOM CJIy~Iae, He 06paH1,a5I BHxMaHxSI Ha TO, n0 KdK013 IIpxYHHe 3T0 HpOx30HIJI0, MbI CMeHjaeM XapaKTepxCTx~IeCKxe KpxBble TBK, YT06bI ^OKa3a- 'I'eJIb LI;BeTa 9TaJIOHa BO BTOPOM CJIy~Iae nOJIy~IxJICH TdKI3M 3Ke, K8K x B H8~- BOM. rIpx 3TOM ~e3pa3JIx~1H0, KflKyK) KpxByK> MbI CMelljaeM, HOCKOJIbKy II~!i~I HeHOCpejjCTBeH}IO OnpeAeJIHJ[x He cpOTOrpacpxYecxxe K (pOTOBx3yaJlbHble Bf- JIx~IIIHbi, a JIxHIb HOKa3aT2Jtx LjBeTa. B 9TOM CJIy~Iae MbI Cj[BHHyJix XapaKTepi1- CTx4eCKIIe KpxBble H3CTOJIbKO, tITO nOKa3aTeJ[b I(BeTa BO BTOpOM cJxrarcJle, 1caK a~l'o rtollxnlaeresl B cUxslllce. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 ECJIH OKpyrJIHTb j[aHHble 9TOH Ta6JIHA,bI, Z(JISI K03(p(~HI[HeHTOB nOKpaC- HCHHR nOTIyYHM: j[1IH CBeTJI013 OC)JIBCTH -~ Ora. 3O. JjJIA CBeTJIO-TBMHOI3 Oa> !has H J~J[H TeMHOH Om?S. O4eBHj(HO, YTO K09(p(pHI[H2HTbI BhI~IHCJIeHHble ItJtsi O~- JIeJIbHbIX M2CT, MOryT CHJIbHO OTJIHiIaTbCSI OT npHBejjel-IHbIX cpeAxxx O_xpyr- JI@HHbIX BeJIHTIHH. ? , HeKOTOpble, j~aJIeKO HBXO,II,AH~HeCSI I[e(~1eHJjbI j(aIOT He60JIbIIIHe BeJIH'~IHHbI H35bITKa LjBeTa Ha 1 KHJIOnapCeK.:~TO, nOBHJ~HMOMy, BbI3B2H0 T2M, 9T0 ()OJtbr Iuax xaCTb nornoH~aIOII~er3 MaTepxH HBXOj[HTCSI B HeKOTOpbIX xanpaBJlexHSlx Ha 60JIee 6JIH3KHX paCCTOSIHNflX, LITO H yMeHbHIaeT H3~bITOK LZB2Ta Ha 1 K13- J[OIIapC2K. Ha 9T0 yKa3bIBaIOT T8K}Ke O O p T H O C T e p r 0 C~, [75]. CpasHHBasI Tenepb cpeAHHe 3Ha~IeHHSI H36bITKOB I1,BQTa C ~aHHbIIIdH CTe66HHCa, Xacpcj~epa H YHTCpopAa [120], BH,gHM, ~ITO.p~c XO}KReHHe HaITIHX K03I~fpNI];HBHTOB HeBeJIHKO. TaK, fIanpHMep, yxasaxxbTe aB- TOpbI HaIIIJIH JjJISI CBQTJIOI-I 06JIflCTH B CTpeJlbIje Hu=~.1~ H B CpejjH2M TaKOr~ xce IIOpSIJ~Ka HJIH ~OJIbllIe-j[JIH j[pyrHX 06JIflCTeIi. ECJIH yKa3aHHyK) BeJIH~IHH~' nepeB2CTH B 33HTepHaLjHOHaJIbHyIO CHCTEMy, nOJIy~IHTCA Hu=0.15, a MbF B TOK }Ke IjBETOB013 CHCTeMe ,1{JISI CB2TJIbIX McCT HMeeNI HU,=0.31. C HOJIy-. KeHHbIM paCXO}KJ~eHHeM MO?KHO npHMHpHTbCR, HOCKOJIbKy HaIIIH Hu N H3~bIT~, KH ijBeTa C T e 6~ H H C a H er0 KOJIJIer HOJIy~teHbI ITO pa3HbIM 05'beKTBM. KllOMe TOI'O, Ha1IIH 3HaTIeHHA H36bITKa I~BETa SIBJIAK)TCSI OCpe,i[H2HHbIMH n0 pa3- HbIM CB2TJIbIM O~JIaCTSIM MJIe~IHOTO nyTH, a AJIR HeKOTOpbIX CB2TJIbIX 06JIa- KOB 3IIaLIeHHSI H35bITKa IjB2Ta MOryT ,l(OBOJ[bIIO CHJIbHO OTKJIOHRTCR OT Cpejt- Hero. 3HaileHHA. ~T05bI y6ej[HTbCSI B IIaJje}KHOCTH HaIIIHX nOKa3aTe.TIe1-I LjBeTa H H36bITK0.l~ TjBeTa, MbI IIPOH3BeJIH CpaBH2HI3e H2IHHX Z[aHHbIX C JjaHHbIMH O C2MH T~e(peH~a7~? X e iI Jj e H 3 [81]. CpaBHeHHe npel[CTBBJfeHO B TaSJ[i31[e XXIX. ~ Ta6nxT;a XXIX ~Bloo~+o 3aesua ~ III(aa I iIt-lB ( 3~~~d3C'~3e I~11-[x ( I~IUB Y 386 Cpg -}-z>a 50 --I--i"a 25 0"' 95 r"' io MW Cyg i.io 0.80 0.;8 0.32 YY Cvg r.oo 0.95 0.~9 0.25 BR Cyg i,4o i.3o 0.68 0.54 TX Cyg I.65 I.So I.~o I.I2 SZ Cvg r.2o 0.95 0.42 0.43 CD Cyg -~-o.qo -} o.~o o.i8 o.i6 KaK BHj(IIO H3 9TOI3 Ta6JIHIjbI, HaIIIH tTOKa3aTeJIH IjB2Ta He OTTeHb OT.nH~ ~IaIOTCSI OT nOKa3aTeJIeI3 I~BeTa X e Ti ,i[ e H a, HeCMOTpR Ha HCITOJIb30B8HHe HM H HflMH pa3HbIX (~HJIbTpOB H IIJ[aCTAHOK, XOTR H J~JIR OJjHOH H TOI3 xce O~J[aCTli CHCKTpa; H3~bITKH ]Ke TjBeT$ COBHBRaIOT elT~e Jlyulue. O,I(HaKO Hy3KH0 OTM2THTb ~iTO CeMH 3Be3J~ AJIfi CpaBHeHHf1 MaJIO, T0M 60JIee, ~ITO CpaBHHBaeMble Ijec~e- HjjbI H1XOJjATCSi B OJjHOI3 H TOI3 }Ke 06JiaCTH Hera. TAM He McBee, CpaBHeHHe nOKa3aTeJIbHO CBOHMH GJIarOHpHSITHbIMH pe3yJIbT8T1MH. CpaBHOHHe HaIIIHX HOKa3aTeJieli II,BOTa JjJIH HeCKOJIbKHX j(eCATKOB J(OJIrO- flepHOJjH~teCKHX Ije(peHZ( C nOKa3aTeJISIMH IZBCTa I'. C. B a A a Ji SI H a [7] 1[JISi 9TNX ]Ke OG'beKTOB o6Hapy3KHJIO B 061ueM yuOBJIOTBOpHTeJIbHOe corna- CHe, XOTSI O,TjH2K0 HeKOTOpble IjecpeHRbI HOKa3aJIH j[OBOJIbHO 60J[bIIIOe pac- .XO}KJ~OHHe. nOBHJ.jHMOD4y, He'KOTOpbTe HCCOOTB2TCTBHSi CBSI3aHbI c Heofixo,>~I,, Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 OapeReneHxe Iioxa~aTe.nei3 usera RoJn~onepxourl~ecr;~is il~,~beuiZ I-I,.. 9 M0CTbi0 II~HBe~[EHHSI O~OHX ~JFI~L4B 0IIpEAeJI8HI3I3 IIOKI3STEJI8I3 L[BeT1 K OJdHOI"t CHCT@M0. 38KdH~II~IB~15I III 9TON[ H3TI0~F{E'HrAE' j)E3~~JIbT&TOB HCCJIEJjOB$HIIH H0I'JIOIL[2~ HHSI, OCII0BIHII0I'0 Hal II~lH1I~X K0JI0pIIME'1'pHUeCKHX J~BHHbIX, MbI rI2p2I3jjEM 'rC- IIePb IS BOII~OCflM O IIE1~iTi)8JI'SH0M II0I'JI0LI1,2IIHI~I B I'~I.IIaKTHKC H O HOdI5IPI331IjHIi CBeTa j~N(~C~y3ItUIX Ii BIiEI'B.rldKTIILIECKHX 'r~M~1HH0CTEI~I. J1'I3 BOIIpOCbI T3K}ItiG 'rjJaK'ryfOTCH C TOT{KI4 3pPHIIN H3)7LIC'HI~7A P~JI~3K'rHifECK0I'0 IIOP~I0III,2IIII}I LI OCHO? Baxbl npellMyH_i,ec'ri3exiro Ha HaH_IeM Ha~i,~IO~aTI>.IIbHO~~r n~r~?repxa,r~e. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 ~OCIPE,gEJIEHI~IE HEl%ITPAJIbH01'O IIOI'JIOIIZEHI'ISI B I'AJIAKTI'IKI/_ I~I3Y~IEHI~IE IIOJISIPI~I3AL>;I~II~I JIY~IEI%I T~I~I~~Y3HbIX ICI BHEI'AJIAKTI~ILIECKI~IX TYMAHHOCTEI%i ? 33. OnpeRe.nexxe He>~TpaJlbHOro nor.nou{exxa B I'aJ, uTO oTxoIIIeIIHe :)Txx xoscllcpxljxexT'oB ~eKCTBxTe~nbxo RaeT CIITxzIeCIC,yH) IIOJIyTOJIII>;x[Iy xOI'JIOLLjaIOLLjerO CTIOSi B TaJIaHTxrie. A,JIH 3TOF'O cpopMy~~y (4.2) IIHLU,y'r xax AJIx ra.naxTH~Ieclcoro uoJlloca, Tax x ajJlsl b-= 30?. B cJly~ae b == 30?, 3C1)IpeHTHBHUI~I xyTV Jly*Ia B xOI'JIOIIjaIOILjGI3 Cpeue yBL'JI'r1LrHB1eTCF1 Bj(BOe. ,~aJIbHeI3xlxe p8C( y?HJ~eIIFIH xpI3BOJjH'r Ft 1'O-Iy, *31'O OTHOIIIeIIIIe 3Txx I{03C~J(~7xLjHeHTOB jjaeT oilTli- yrclty?o rto.rryTOJIxjxFly nor.nolualoll jero cnosl. ~ Br[po~eM, B xexo'ropblx c~~y~axx sxeraJraleTx~eclcxe Ty?zaxllocTll ;3s,>raloresa eRxxcTBe?mihln~lx o6'beleTaMx, xo uo'rophlM H MoaxHO oxpeJje.n;I'rb xs~iHpaTeJlz3xoe norno- ujexxe. - ~ Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 F~[aBa ~IeTSepTasl 'Cpel~bd? K03f~CpHIjHBHT ~{, ~OKOH~IaTeJIbHO, KaK 9T0 yCTBHOBJIeHO, 3aBHGHT O'i' P -~ , rAe P RHaMeTp ~racTHU~I (cn-I. [76l). O~IeBHAHO, i~opMy.ny (4.5) Moxcxo Taxme nepenFrcaTb B sHAe (4.6) :: _ I L1 ~.\ L - ] = Ioe t' '~' (4.6'} ?~'A~~.~co3 HuxeHT lc 3aMeIIeH B ~~ ~D -~- ~?l c yveTOM He13Tpaalbxoro nor,>tot~e- ~~ax, ~---TO~cu~tHrra nor~rorualoutero c.nofl. Hegpy~tLxc~ BH1~eTb, ~rTO Aaxie ec~rH cpeRH pa3Mepos ~racTHU, y~acTByroluH~, B IIOF,Td.(?~Il@HfII3, ,I.jOMFIliHpyeT HeKOTOpbI13 OIIpeIjeJleHHbIl~r ,AH8M0Tp, MbI He. B npaBe IIl]FIHFiM3Tb 1L.1IA BGerO y~IaCTKa CIIeKTpa OjjHH H TOT 1Ke 3aKOH nOr.no= rueHH$, eK3}KE'M,_ ~ `~ NlIF? /,'~. TaKHM 06pa30M, B 3aKOHe ~ ~` BCJIH~iHHa Ci MO}KeT npls[HI~M$TF~ BOE' B)~YeHI~R- OT O ~j0 4, K8K 3T0 ~bIJIO OTMe~IeHO HBMH B 251? PTO XQ(}QIiIf? BH,~{HQ H3 ]}aGCMOTpeHHA KpHBbIX CI70KTp0(~OTOMeTpH~{.e- CKHX rpaJjHeHTOB nOK[JaCH~&IIIFIX 3$@~J~[ B. ITOCJIej(HeMy BOnpOCy nOCBSiItX@HbI pa~OTbi: O. A, M e JI b H H K O B :8 (37],TpsMn,nepa [134, CTpyB.e, KeHaHa x I'ei~IHexa [133]; Xa.n~Ie [78], PyAxHK [107], CTe66HHCa, Xac~cpepa HYHT- ~~ o p R a [ 122] H Ap. b'OCHOJIb30BflBIllHCb HMH, Mbr npFlsoRHM Ha uepTexie 14 xpxsbre 3asxcH- miocTH Ig(~1m'--~0.4~ oT .1~;n no O. A. Meati}xHxoBy, CTe66HH= cy, Xacpc~epy H YHT,cpopRY, CTPYBe> KeHaHy H? Py~t- HHx. OcpeRHeHHafl ~opMa sTxx xpHBbrx, B BHAe oRHO>3 xpFrBOI3; ltaxa Ha ~Iep- Te}I{e 15. A~fl ,i~aJ[bHeIiIIIerO, KdK yBHJjHM HH}Ke, MbI BOCnOJIb30Ba.nHCb 9TOtv3 h'pHBOIr -C I(eJIbK) nOJIy9eHHA pa3HbIX 3Ha~IeHN1-I R, nO~ITH JjJIR BC2r0 BHJ~I3MOr~J ? y4aCTKa CneKTpa. KaK H3BeCTHO, B2JIH9FIHa ~Ht, IIpH H3y~IeHHH CneKTpO(pOTOMCTpH~IeCKHX I'paJ~HBHTOB HOkpaCHeBIIIFIX 3Be3j[, npej[CT1BJrfleT pa3HOCTb B 3Be3J~HOH BeJlyd- ~iHHe 1[JIH paCCMBTpHBaeM013 j[,TIHHbI BOJIHbI MexcAy HOpMaJIbHOI3 H nOKpaCHeB- IIIeI-i 3Be3JjaMH. C 3TOI-I I[eJIbrO T,~K noA6FlparoT 3KCH03HIjH10, ~ITO~bI HHTex-: CHBHOCTH HenpepbIBIIOI'O Cnel{Tpa CpaBHHBaeMbIX 3Be3jj A~fl AaHHOiI Jj,IIFIHbi BO.RHbI 6bIJIH paBHbIMH. BBHAy TOrO, LITO pa3Hbre aBTOpbI 6pa.nH j[.TIg O,~jHHBKOBOH F[HTeHCHBHOC'rH pa3Hble yNaCTKH CneKTpa, MbI npHJjaBaJIH nOnpaBKH K nOJIyYeHHbIM HMH QCTI T3KHM 06pa30M, YT06bi OKOdIO %, oo00A OHH HMe,1IH ~bI paBHylo HHTeHCHB- HOCTb. Pa3HOCTH, HCnpaB,TIeHHble TaKHM 06pa30M MbI 0~03Ha~rHM ~Iepe3 gym'. ?1'aK, FI3MepeHHx BCeX aBTOpOB MbI npHBe.aH K OAHOH CHCTeMe, B CMbICJIe ypaBHeHHfl HHT2HCHBHOCTH B O?]jHOM H TOM }KC yuaCTKe CneKTpa. B Ce Ha3B8HHble aBTOpbI CTpOHJIH KpHBble OTHOCHTQJIbHbIX CneKTpOf~)OTO- MOTpH~reCKHX rpa,C[H2HTOB HOKpaCHeBIIIHX 3Be3jj ;~(Zl OT 1 ~ T. e. 3ap8Hee npx- A HHM8JIH, ~ITO HMeeT M2CT0 3aKOH A-1 (T. e. J);,TISI Me3r{3Be3j~HOrO BerueCTBa 7IpHHHMaeTCfl TaKOFI 3aKOH, KOTOpbIH HpHBOJ~HT K TOMy, ~ITO pacnpeRe.>texHe 1 RJIfr IIOJIHOTbI II3~OiI{CHI3A JjafIHOI'O BOHpOCa MbI 3J;eCb ~IaCTHYHO IIOBTOpFiL'i1'I paccyxc~exHx, HMCIOH~Hecx B & 2~, Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 On~e~enefrHe tte~iTpari[,xorc~ uor~~oue~~~t. ~3sy~ex~e u~~u~p~1~~u. a cu~x~pe ~Hes~ r~gcr~ta~ czrr~r~~~~r.:,~Q~:>r II .~ ~ x x a ,.~fr~ ~oyxee-B"x x aj, riQ ~~e~ ~ ~ ~~~~~z.: Ten~ne- ~aTypbi) . E~~um ?p~ I ~ ! -__..1_.....J.. ~ ~._s ~` 3.5 3 , 3.~i 3.~ 3.9 t~,.T: 96 I'nasa ~eTSepTati CTe66HHC, Xacpc~ep H fYHTCpOp,ij [122] yKa3bIBaFOT, ~ YTO rpa(~HK 3aBHGilMOC'CH :~tll OT ~-'I HBJIHeTCH npSIMOJIHHeFiHbIM, fIO, eCrII#, '~ BHHMflTeJIbHO p2CCMOTpeTb IIOJIO?KeHHSI TOYeK Ha BCBX TpeX KpHBbIX, BaMCT17IK~ ' LITO OHI3 nOKa3bIBaK)T OTKTIOH2HHe OT npHMOI?i B OAHy H Ty xce CTOpOHy, Ta11E YTO OG'bRCHHTb 3T0 ABJIeHHe CJIyYa~IHOI-i OHIHC)KOI-I HeJIb3St. BBHuy .3TOT0, CO-- r.naCHO c~opMy.ne (4.6), K8K yKa3aH0 BbIHIe, MbI nOCTpOHJIH KpHBbIE IIO C0= OTHOIIIeHIIK): 1 lg(:~m'-D)=lgc-alga=cclg ~ -~lgc !4.7) OTKyua A.nA 1[aHHOI?I ~ MO?KHO Cpa3y nOJIyYHTb 3HaYeHHSI. TaK nOCTy- na.nH P y~ H H x [ 107], O. A. M e .a b x H x o s [37] H RpyrNe. B paBeHCTBe (4.7) BeJIHYHHa D BKJIH)YaeT B Ce6sI HOHpaBKH 3a HyJlbllyHl{T, a6CO1IK)THOYI BeJIHYHHbI, paCCTOHHHN, a T3K}i{e 3a HeI-ITpaJIbHOe nOrJIOIL[eHHe. Ha YepTexie 14 KpHBble nOCTp02HbI AJISI D=~.4 BBH,gy 1'OrO, iITO npH 3TOIS4 3HaYeHHH nOCTOSIHHOII B I~OTOrpaC~lHYeCKOI3 YaCTH CneKTpa a HOJIyYaeTCSI ~JII33- KOI3 K eJ~HHHLje. TBKyK) :Ke BeJIHYHHy j[JISI D npHHHMaeT H P y ,Z; H H K. I(aK yKa3bIBaJ10Cb BbILIIe, Ha YepTexce 15 j[aeTCR OCpeJ~H2HHaH KpNBaa: I~IO 9TOFI KpHBO%i N 66IJIH nOJ1yYeHbI 3Ha4eHHSI ;;t> KOTOpble IIpeJjCTaBJIeHhI Ha- MH B BH,Zje Ta6nHI[bI XXX. 0 3HaYeHHSI A. Z[aK)TCA LIepe3 Ka}KAbie 5O t~ A.nR ~OJIee K0170TKI3X J~.nH$ BOJIH, H Yepe3 1~~ H 2~~ t~ 1jJISi 60JIee J(JIHHHbIX BOJIH CneKTpa. Ta6.nla~a XXX Ob'C~o~+a ~ ~ u 3550. 3600 3650 3700 3750 3800 3850 3yoo 39i0 gooo 4050 4100 p15o 4200 g25o 4300 0.70 ~ 0.76 0.80 . 0.86 ~ o.qo 0.94 Loo '~ t.oq I l.I2 I.I2 I.14 I.16 I.18 I.20 I.2o r.'-4 4350 4goo 4500 q(,oo 4700 4800 4900 5000 I.26 L2ii I.38 I.46 I.S6 I.66 I.76 ~ a Sloo 5200 S40a 5600 58uo booo 6200 6goo I.Ba 1.88 z.oo 2.12 2.a,6 2.60 3.00 3.10 ~ I a bboo 6800 7000 7200 7400 7hoo 7800 8000 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 4.00 q.oo 4.00 ~aHHble B 3TOFi Ta6.RHl~e ~OTJIHYaK)TCH OT JZaHHbIX Ta6JIHL[bI XXII ? 25, B CBA? 3H C 9eM npHBOJ~HIvI ee. /TId 3HaYeHHSi, HOBHj[HM0141y, npaBRonouo6Hee. rIOJIb3yRCb 3HatI2HHSINIH Fi H3 3TOI-i Ta6JIHIjbI H cpopmly.naMH I[.nA gyp R '(o , BbIBeJ~eHHbIMH B ? 25, MbI no.nyvaeM 3HaYeHHA K03C~CpHI[H2HTOB 1{J[R 118? ;~esoRa N36HpaTeJIbHOCO IIOrJIOHjeHHSi B o6luee, 6es yYeTa xeHTpa.~bxol~ Co- CTflBJIHK)ILjeFI. I-IaCTO 3HaTIeHHSI 'Yp N (~ . H1IH Oj~HO H3 HHX, [IOJIyYaK)T Ha6JIK)R8~ TeJIbHbIM nyTeM H3 nO,I1,CYeTOB 3Be3,Ij, BHeraJIaKTHYeCKHX TyM2HHOCTei3 H IIpa I701IyY2HHble T2KHM nyT2M 3HaTIEHHH ( OIIpeJ(eJIeHHO 6yuy1' yYHTbIBaTb He~t~ Tpa.nbHOe HOI'JIOHjeHHe. CTapaTbCSI, YT06bI 3HaLIeHHSI Y coanap~a.nx, cxaa ?KeM, IIO nOJjCTIeTBM BH2raJIaKTHYeCKHX TYNIBHHOCTeI~t H TIO (~OpMyJIBM, BbIBe~ AeHHbIM J~JIA '~' B ? 25, 9T0 3HaLIHT HI'HOpHpOBaTb cyluecTSOSaxIIe HeNT~ paJIbHOI'O nOtJIOHjeHHSi H J~OnyCTI~ITb, YTO 06Hl,ee IIOrJIOIIjeHHe I~eJIHKOM OC)3-C~ JIOBJIHBaeTCH H36HpaTeJIbHbIM nOrJIOH1,eHH0M. HOCOMHeHHO, YTO B KOCMHYeCKOM npOCTpaHCTBe npHCyTCTByK)T IIbIJICBbIt' 4aCTHIjbI, I3MeK)HjHe AH8M2TpbI IIOpHZjKa HJIH 60TIbILie paCCMaTpHBaeMOI3 ~[JIFl~ Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 OnpeuorleLlHe xer3Tpa.nbHOro norJlolli,exxa. IIsy~exxe noJls(pz3saz3xx HbI BOJIHbI, a T8K}KC;--CBO~ORHble 9JIeKTpOHbI.JTI3 0~'beKTbI H J~aLOT HeI~ITpBJIts-- H08 IIOtJIOILjeHHe. Z[pyrOII BOHpOC, eCJIH 9TH LIaCTHIjbI HBCTOJIbKO MaJIO~IHC- JIeHHbI, ~ITO HeIITpaJIbHOe IIOrJIOii[elIHe, BbI3bIBaeMOe HMH He3HaLIHTeJIbHO II~ CpaBHeHHK) C FI3hRpa'IeJIbHbIM. OijH8K0, CBeTIeHI~e BO,I(OpOZ[HbIX ,Z[H(pCpy3Hbl]C TyM3HHOCTeYI yKa3bIBaeT Ha 1330~HJIHe 9JI2KTpOHOB B Me%3Be3J~HOM HpOCT? paHCTBe. KaK 6y,Z[eT HOKa3aH0 HH}Ke, HeIITpaJIbHOe HOrJIOLLjeHHe JjOBOJIbHO 3Ha- LIHTeJIbHO H ~(OCTHraeT HpIIMepHO ,i[O 3O ~~p oT o6Hl,ero HorJLOruexHSl. C TO~IKH 3peHTdSi H3y~ICHHSI CTpOeHHA I`aJIaKTHKH OIZeHKa He1ITpaJIbHOPO HOrJIOLLjeHHA MO}KeT HMe1'b ~OJIbIHOe 3Ha~IeLIHe. bOJlee TOI'O,-MO?KFIO HpH3HaTb,. ~{1'O II3y9eHHe lIe[ITpa,11bHOI'O HOrJIOLI>,eHIIH T8K}Ke Ba}KHO, KaK K I33yTIeHHe H3- OHpaTe,JIbHOI'O. IIpH yMCHI~ILI OIZeHIITb Be,TI1ILIHHy HeI3TpaJIbHOI'O HOPJIOLIjeHHfl NIO}KI{O HOJ1ytII~ITb MaCCy 1'Odi yaCTH M2TepHYI, KOTOpaSI OTB2TCTB2HHa 3a HeI3- 'IpaJIbHOe. ]IOrJI(j1I[eIIHe B raJ[aK'rHKe. ~JIA OHpe,ijeJ[eHI/5I IIeI~ITpaJIbHOI'O HOPJIOII);eHHSI MbI BOCHOJIb30BaJIHCb HOJZ- C40TaIV113 BHeraJIaKTH~ICCKHX TyMc1HHOCTeI3 X a 6 6 JI a 1.85) 1I (pOpMyJI0I3 O O p T a [jOOJ B TOM, H(',CKOJIbKO lI3MeHeHHOM BFI,L[e (4.8), B KBKOM OHa Jja- eTCx B pa6oTe H. ~. ~ JI o p x [5j]: 2.17 --1~ N (m) 0.55 ~ICHO, ~ITO IIOJIYY2HHOe C IIONIOLgbIO 9T013 (~OpMyJIbI HOrJIOIIjeHHe BKJITO- 'IaeT B Ce~SI K1K HeIITpaJIbHOe, TflK 13 H3~HpaTeJlbHOe HOrJIOIIjeHHey TOrj[a K$K, eC,TIH HOPJIOH~eHIIe HoJIyLlaTb BO ~'C~, Hei'ITpaJIbHOe HOPJIOLL[eHHe He 6yAer yYHTbIBaTbC51. H09TOMy, eCJIH K09(p(~HL[H2HTbI 'gy'p LI Y~ OHpej[eJIHM HO HaLHHM cpOp- MyJIBM, 04eBIIJ~HO, ~ITO H3 OTHX ,I(aHHbIX MbI CMO}KeM HOJIyTIHTb HeI3TpaJIbH00 IIOrJ10II1,eHHe,--HOJIb3yNCb pase~HCTBOM (4.9) C 9TOK ueJiblo, B 1{a~iecTBe ocxoBxoro MaTepHaJra Ho HoxaaaTeJiuM uBeTa 6bIJI HCIIOJIb30BaII KaTaJIOr C T e ()() H LI C a H er0 COTpyJ~HHKOB [121], [j23~, a Tax~xe H xa'raJlor ~. K. X a p a u s e ~ 56]. HI-I}Ke MbI jjaeM 'i'a6JIHgy XXXj, KOTOpaH HOCTp02Ha Ha OCHOBe IIOKB;i~- TeJIeI3 IjBeTa IHapOBbIX CKOHJI2HHII [123]. ,~JISI COCT8B,T1elIH5I 9T01i Ta~JIHI~bI HaMH HCHOJIb30BaHbI scero 23 Luapo- BbIX CKOIIJIeHHH, T. e. Te CKOHJICHHSI, KOTOpble HaXOJjSITCSI B O~JIaCTHX I'aJi3L:-- THKH, rAe IIMeK)TCSI H BH21'a.TIaK'IHLIeCKHe T)7MaHHOCTH. B pa~OTe C T e C 6 H H- C a H er0 COTpyjjHHKOB [j23~ COJ(ep}KFITCSI yKa3aHHe Ha TO, TITO 26 IHapOBSi~ CI;OH.ReHIII'I LIBXO~LITCFI B 'CaKI'IX O~,TIdCTRX, HO MbI CMOI'JIH COIIOCTBBHTb X:10- ~.IIOBCKIIe HOZjC4PTbI TOJIbKO JIIIIHb J[JISI 23 CKOHJIeHHII. H3 9TOI'O TIHCJia ]~Bk? CKOHJI2HIIfl jjAtOT' 04eHb ~O1[bIH01~1 OTpHL[aTeJIbHbIii H3~bITOK uBeTa. H09TOMyp :I.IISI COOTBeTCTB}~EOII1,IdX 1ZByX HBHpaBJIeHHI3 HpHHHMaeM, LITO FI36HpaTeJlbHOi P.OPJtOIIZeHNe BOBCe 01'CVTCTByeT H HOJIyTIeHHOe HO (pOpMyJIe (4.8) HorJIOH>;QHHQ paCHpeReJI2HbI HepaBHOMepHO, a B HeKOTOpbIX HaHpaBJI2HxSiX OHI?I H BOBCQ OTCyTCTByK)T. HapflAy C 3TIdM MbI HMeePrt I{09C~lCpHIi13eHT He1'I'I'- i?aJIbH01'O HOI'JIOII>;eHI35i Ha OAHH KI3JIOIIapCeK, KOTOpbII~I MOACHO HpIIHftTb paBHbIM Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 'LIh It_. tCilFi~. -:~.-Li'iJ1~tI~llQCO 1.Oi'.;(OII(C1fFIH. 1'T3yTieFiI3e IIOTIH~FI~a77rlrr O.J 3Be3,c`jFI0I-3 P,C,~I14~IIIHb1. OIjHflKO, ~Ta BeJIFI4I3Ha M03ICeT McHATbCSI B 3aBHCHMO- a.TLt OT TOI'O KaKyK) TOJIIIjI3Hy IIOl'J[OIJjaIOlijer0 CJIOFI MbI HIJHMeM. I-IFI3I{e IIpHBOj(HTCH Ta~JII3I[a XXXII, KOTOI~aN COCTBBJIeHa Ha OCHOBe K~1 TaJIOI'a HOKa3aT2JIeII IjBeTa 3Be31j 8 Ii A C T e () 6 g H C a K er0 COTpyjjHI3KOB [ 1~I,[. 3BP.3?jbI KaTaJIOra MbI COhpaJIft B OT,Z[eJIbHbIO HJIOIIjaJjKII, HO HpHMeI7y ~a60TbI II. ,ble G~~ IIO H03xII,xOIIHOMy yPJIy H, CJIeJ[OBBTeJIbI30, J),,1IA IIOJ[O}KCHx13 Off, 60o H 12~~ HOJIyTIaTb x306pa}KCHYIA CHI~IMaeMOPO 06'beKTll. ~'~CHOJIb3}JCMbIN Me'I'O~[ AJISI OHpeZ[eJICHxH CTeIIeHx N HaHpaBJICHxH HOJISIpx3a- I1,Y(x HpeA,1I0A{eH BKdRCMHKOM B. T. ~ C C e H K O B bI M B4 ~. ~ eHC 0 HI KAO~RC HNH CTCHCHIi K HaIIpaBJICHxSI HOJISIpx3alT,xx IIO MCTOJ~}r CJIy?Ka'I' (~OpM}~JIbI __- _ 2h -- b) -{- b (b - c) -I- c (c - a) (4.17} -- l a a ---------- P = - __ - _ - - - -{- b -~- c a tg2x=i~3 -~ --b - 2a-b-c {4.18) _ - - - ~p-- I ll'lI{ 1338EC1'110, jjxC~)(~lJ'3libltr 'Py1'IaIItIOCTI3 BCTpBTIaIOTCSi lIp2xNIyII[2CTBeHHO I'130B0-IIbI,IIC.BbIE II O~ICHb peJ~KO KaH TO?IbI{O Pc130Bble I3JII3 TOJIbHO IIbI1I2BhI2 ~J~O~. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 104 I'.aasa ~eTSepTaR rile a, }~ H C CyTb HHTeHCHBHOCTIi H3MepsIeMOH TOYKH TyMaHHOCTH. IIO~[p06Hbi1{ Bb[BOj[ 3THX (pOpMyJI MO}I{HO HaI-ITH KaK B pa~OTe B. j', ~ e C e H K O B a [481, TdK H B HaIIIeI3 pa~OTe [j4], K8CaE0Ii(eHCR apJlxpH3agHFi COJIHOYHOFi KOpOHbt. ITOJIyYaeMbII3 fpOTOM$TepHaJl xaJrH6posaJlcsl C HOMOILjbIO cnexTporpacj~a, )~ KOTOpOI'O BHepeAH KOJIJIFIMBTOpa yCTBHOBJIeHa CTYIIeHbYaTaSI IueJlb, 6JIar:~- lzapx YeMy AJIx HeraTHSxoro MaT'epxaJla xaxc,goH HoYi3 Ho.nyYa.nHCb oTjjeJIb- Hble HIKaJIKH, IIpOABJIReMble BIIOCJIejjCTBHH BM2CTe C OCHOBHbIMH HeraTHBa1RfI. OY2BH~[HO, Ha HOJIyY2HHbIX HIKaJIKBX OTJjeJIbHble MapKH HpeJjCT3BJISIIOTCH B EH,i[e paCTHHYTOI'O HeIIpepbIBHOI'O CIfeKTpa, TaK YTO HO HHM MO}KHO CTpOHTb XapaKTepl{CTHYBCKHe KpHBble 1(JISI OTj[eJIbHbIX j[JIHH BOJIH. ~OTOHJIeHKa !jTiSI LIIKaJIOK ~paJlaCb H3 KYCKOB yIIOTpe6JIHeMbIX HJIEHOK, H.1IH IIO KpaI3HeI3 Mepe %I3 Oj[HOH H TOIL x{e KOp06KH. B KaY2CTBe H3MepHTeJIbHOI'O HpH60pa 6bIJI HCIIOJIb30BaH MHKjJOCpOTOM2Tp CHCT2MbI HuKOHQBa. IIpH H3MepeHI{SIX MbI IIOJIb30BaJIHCb H03AIjIIOHHbIM aAaH- TepONI, KOTOpbII3 H03BOJIHJI H3MepHTb TyMBHHOCTb IIOj[ pa3HbIMI{ H03I3L~HOHHbI- MH yPJIflMH C TOYHOCTbIO yCT2HOBKH J~O 0~.3. IIpH yCTBHOBJIeHHH HJI2HKH B aA- 2HTepe COCJIfOj[aJIOC6 yCJIOBHe, npH KOTOpOM ueHTp I-i3MepsIeMOI3 TyMaHHOCTI{ jjOJI}KeH ~bIJI COBIIaJjaTb C IjeHTpOM a,1[aHTepa. IIOCJfe yCTBHOBKH HeraTHBa H3- Mepexxe IIpOH3BOj[HJIOCb B,gOJIb OT,i[eJIbHbIX paRHyCOB. H3MepSIeMbII3 paAHyc COBMeII(aJICR BJjOJtb TOIL KOOpJjHH3THOI3 OCH MHKpO(~OTOM2Tpa, K KOTOpOA IIpII- JIaN{eH HOHHyC, C IIOMOHjbIO KOTOpOI'O MON{HO yCTaH$B,TII3BaTb C TOYHOCTbK) ~O O. j MM. IIpH H3IVfepeHIIH IIO MCTORy B. I'. ~ e C e H K O B a H2OGXO,~HMO, YTOC)b] OJ;Ha H Ta xce ,geTaJlb HJIH TOYKa Ha TpeX IIJIaCTHHKBX IIO B03M0}KHOCTH TOYHO L~I3KCI3pOBaJIaCb, HCO CpaBHIiBaIOTCH MexcAy COCOI3 HHTeHCHBHOCTI{ Oj[HOI3 T{ "I`OII }Ke TOYKH, HO OTHOCHIIjHeCA K pa3HbIM IIOBOpOTBM HOJISIpOHJ~a. B H8KOT0- pbIX CJIyYaHX, YTO~bI H36e}KaTb OHIHCOK, BJI2KOMbIX H2TOYHOCTbK) yCTc1HOBKH, MbI 3aHOMI-IHaJIH OTjjeJIbHble pe3K0 BbIpa}KeHHble J~eTaJII3. OYeBHJ~HO, IjJISI T8K013 pa60TbI IjeJI20006pa3Hee 6bIJI0 6bI BeCTI3 I{3MepeHHH Ha CBMOperHCTpHpyK)IIjCM 114HKpOCpOTOM2Tpe, KOTOpbIM, O,gH8K0, NIbI He paCIIO,llara.TIII. LLLKaJIKH H3MepSIJIHCb B CpOTOrpa(~I{Y2CKOI%I YaCTH CIIeKTpa, HOCKOJIbKy IIJ- JIyY2HHbie HBMI{ I{306paN{eHHSI TYM2HHOCTeI3, eCJII~ IIpHHSITb BO BHHM3HHe YyB- CTBHTeJIbHOCTb (~OTOQJIeHKH, OTHOCSITCfi K CpOTOrpaCpylTIeCKOII YBCTH BHJ~HMOrO CTIeKTpa. H3MepeHl{Si IIIKaJIOK MbI HpOH3BOJjHJIH 1[JIH TpeX pa3HbIX HJIOTHOCTeIi IIOYepH2HHSI: HepeJ~ep}KKH, HOpMaJIbHOI3 O~JIBCTH H HeJjOZ[ep}KKT3. XapaKTepi~I- CTHYOCKyK) xce KpI3ByK) MbI CTpOHJIH KOM~HHHpySI 3TI~I H3MepgHHSI. PaCCMOTpHM BOHpOC O HOr.1IOHjeHHI~I H3J[yYeHT'ISI H3MepNeMbIX 06'beKTOB B 3eMHOI-I aTMOC(pepe. HeOCXOjjHMOCTb yYeTa 9KCTHHKI[HR rJI3BHbIM OOpa3pNl BbI3B3Ha T2M, YTO JjH(~(py3Hble TYMBHHOCTH cpoTOrpacpHposaJlHCb HOCJIe,ijO- BBTeJIbHO, T. e. Ha pa3HbIX 3eHHTHbIX paCCTOHHI{SIX. IZpH yYeTe aTMOC(~epH01'O IIOrJIOIijeHHSI, I3HT2HCHBHOCTH, IIOJIyY2HHble H3 j[ByX HeraTl{BOB, Mbl HpHBO- 1IH KTpeTbeMy. B YBCTHOCTFI, eCJIN (j)OTOrpa(~HpOBaHNe 1[aHHO['O Oh'beKTa rlpG- H3B0]jHJIOCb B 3aIIa1[HOI3 YaCTI{ H2Ca, HHTeHCI{BHOCTI~I TyMBHHOCTFI Ii0 JjByM He- TaTHB3M IIpHBOj[HJIHCb K rlepBOMy HeraTHBy, a eCJII{ Ha~JIK)AeHI{Si IIpOBO,~Ft- J[HCb Ha BOCTOKe, TO-K TpeTbeMy, T. e. ,i[aHHble OTHOCSIHZH2CSI K 60JIbHIHM 3eHHTHbIM paCCTOSIHHSIM IIpHBOJjHJIHCb K j(aHHbIM, OTHOCSIHjHMCSI K MaJIbIM 3?- HHTHbIM paCCTOAHHSIM. TO eCTb, B CJIyYae CpOTOrpa(j)ApOBaH1{SI Ha BOCTOKC Jj,nft Be,Z[yKI);HH MbI HOJIb30BaJIHCb CJ[e,1);yIOIIj[{NI COOTHOIHeHHeM: Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 I~~ '+ ~lgl2,g=lgl~-lgl~=lg 7 I1 ~ (4.19) ~ 1g 1L,, =1g 11- lg 13 =1g ~-~ I3 Korea cpol'orpac~I3posaHHe npoxsBORxJIOCb K sarlaAy oT ~TepxRHaxa, 'eo ][bI HOJIb30BaJIHCb TeMH N{C COOTHOTileHHSIMA, C COOTBeTCTBeHHO H3M2HeHHbI11iH ~IIHj[eKC1MH HpH 1. KpoMe OHHCaHHOI'O CH0006a, MbI BOCHOJIb30BaJIHCb H JJ;pyrHM HpHel~IOb'[ y4eTa aTMOC(~)epHOPO OCJ[a~JIeHHH. OH 3aKJIfOT3aeTCSI B I33MepeHHH KOHTpOJIb- HbIX 3Be3Z[ II8 HJIaCTHHK3X. OIIeBHJ~HO, YTO HyT2NI I33MepeHAH KOHTpOJIbHbIX 3Be3j[ MbI MO]I{eM HeHOCpej[C1'BeHHO B HHTeHCI3BHOCTSIX HOJIyYHTb HOHpaBKH ~a 3eHIITHOe paCCTOAHIte. 13 60JIbLHHHCTBe CJIyLIaeB HOJIyTIeHHble BTOpbIM CH00060M HOHpaBKH 3a 3eHHTHOe paCCTOSTHHe COBIIaJ~aJIH C BbITIHCJI2HHbIMH O~HI,eH3BeCT- ~bIM CHOCOGOM. B CJIyYae HeCOBHajjeHHSI 9TI3X HOHpaBOK MbI OTj[aBaJIH Hpe,q- OYTeHHe HOHpaBKaM, HO.TIyYeHHbIM HO KOHTpOJIbHbIM 3Be3jjaM, a B CJIyLIae KOr- )ia OHH He OTI2Hb O'fJIHiLaJIHCb Apyr OT Apyra, MbI 6paJTH Cpej[HI3e. HeCOBIIaAe~ HHe 3TI3X Be.1IHYHH BbI3bIBaJIOCb r.JIaBHbIM O~pa30M HJIOXOI3 rHZjHpOBKOII OjjHO~ H3 IIJIaCTi3HOK, 1iI31VIep5TeMa5I KOHTpOJibHaH 3Be3J~a IIOj[6HpaJIBCb T2KIIM o6pa- 30M, YTO I'I3MepeHHaSI BeJII3YHHa Ha MHKpOCpOTOMBTpe E COOTBeTCTBOBaJIa HOp- MaJIbHOI3 YaCTFI XapaKTepHCTT~ILIeCKOT3 KpIIBO~i. OTNIeTHN1, ll7'O KOrJ_ja LI3MepeHHRM H2PaTHBOB HpI3J~aeTCST HOHpaBKa 3a 3e- HHTHOe paCCTOfIHHe NJ[LI 3a K2KOI3-JIHCO ApyrOI~T 9l~f~eKT, TO HOHpaBKTI He CJIC- ,~yeT ~aBaTb B ~r (rJZe Z; H3MepeHHaSi BeJIHYIIHa Ha MHKpOCpOTOMeTpe) H B ~I, a C.ITeJ[yeT BbIpa}KaTb HX B eRKHI3H,aX ~ lg I. OYeBHRHO, u'ro ~axxoH Be- JIHiIHHC ~ lg ~ BJIOJIb BCeI3 XapaKTepHCTHTIeCKOI3 KpPIBOI3 COOTBeTCTByIOT pa3- Hble 3HaYeHHH ~~:? ~'CO O~C1'OSIT'eJIbCTBO 16I0}KHO CpOpMyJI13pOBaTb eLTje TaKHM OEj- pasoM, YI'o BeJrHYHHa 4E;, cooTBe'rc'rByloruasl Honpasxe ~IgI B xop>4tanb- HOI3 LIaCTH XapaK1'epHCTIIYeCKOI3 KpI3BOI3 60JIbIIIe, YeM TaKI3e ?Ke BeJIHTIHHbI, COOTBeTCTByfOLLjAe XapaKTepI3CTI3YeCKOI~I KpI3BOI%I B YaCTRX HeROJ~ep3KKI3 H He- pej[ep?IiKLI. 1".CJIH tTt)IIpaBKN :~j, JjJISI He.7~Oj[epN{KH H HepeRep}KKH 0~03HaYaTb Yepes .1 ~i ,L ~, a B HpslMO,rII~Hei~xor~ YacTI3 Yepes ?1~, r~MeeM .~E ~,~1:' I,: ~,E > ~E:". BBHJjy ~'roro, cJle~osa'reJlbxo, Hallo 6paTb ~11g:1, a He c1E, K8K CKa3aIIO H BbIIIIe. C [[eJ1bI0 H3VLTeHLIfl IIOJISipI33aI[III~I, MbI HOJIyYHJIH HO RBe CepHH Herc1TH- BoB A,rISI cJle~zyloHi,Hx 'ryMaxxoc'rel~: NC1C 6514, 6618, 1976, 1977 H J~JIH IIJIeRA. 113 Hepe~IFIC,TIeHHbIX TVMBHHOCTeI%I 60JIbHII?IHCTBO HpHHajjJIe}KHT K 3MI3CCHOHHbIM HJIN ^OJIV9MHCCI~IOI[IIbIM. ~MHCCHOHHble TyM3HHOC'rH, K8K yKa3bIBaeT M e I3 2 p- [961, I-[aIOT He3FIa91I'PeJIbHyIO HOJISIpH3aI[HIO. OJjHaKO, K8K Tp26yeT COBpeM2H- Flaft aCTpOC~H3NI{a, }/Ka3aHHyIO HeBHa~IHTeJIbHyIO HOJISIpII3aL[HIO H2OCXOJ~HMO OL[eH[~ITb KOJIRLI2CTBeHHO. OCOCeiHHO HHTepeCHO HpOIjeHTHOe CO,ijep3l{aHHC r.a3a lT HbI1IN C TO~IKI~I 3peHI-ISI 3aJ~a~I 3Be3j[HOI3 aCT1JOHOMHI3. OHHLHeM H3yReHHble H1MH TyMBHHOCTH HO OT~eJIbHOCTH. TyM3HHOCTb NCC 6514 (M 20) , pacrlo.rloxcexxax B CosBesRI3II CTpeJlbua, HpKxaAJIe~KH~? ;;MHCCIIOHHOMy THIIy, COrJI8CH0 X a 6 6 JI y [82]. 3HaTI2HI35T CTeH2HI3 IIOJISIp?7- 3aL~FIH I[3J[}~YeTIIISI :)TON Ty1VI2HHOCTH HpI3BOJ[HTCSI B Ta6.nxue XXXIV. TaFJrlxila [TjOC'1'p00Ha HO apryM2HTaM H03HIZHOHHOI'O yr.na i~ IlopxRKOSOro HoMepa. IIo3IIIzHOHIrbIi3 yroJl oTCLIr~TbtBaeTCx OT HoJltoca Yepes BocTOx. He cJle- I~ye'C CL[I~TBTL,, ~TTO HOpAj[KOBble LII3CJIa HOKa3bIBaIOT TOYHO Oj[HO I3 TO x{e pa.'- '%TOSIHNe OT I~el[Tpa11bHOIi ~IaCTH TyMaHHOCTII HO Ka3Kj(OMy H03HLI,I30HH014IV VrJIy; Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 t'.aai;a ~IeTSepTaa OIIFI JIHHIb COOTBeTCTByK)T IIpHMepHO O,I[HHaKOBbIM paCC'fOHHHSIIvI, &ION{HO 06'bej~HHHTb IIO]Z Oj~HHM HOMepOM. KaK BHJ~HO H3 'I'a~JIH1[bI, AaHHafl 3N[HCCHOHHaSI 7'yM2HIIOCTb xapalcTepl~ 3~'CTCfl He3HaYHTeJIbHOIi HOJIftpH3aIjHeI?I, HOCKOJIbK~ CpejjHee 3HaLIeHHe, paB? HOe 1~~~p, CpaBHHTe,IIbHO MaJIO, eCJIH HpHHft'I'b BO BI[HMaHHe, TITO BepOHTHa:3 OllIH6Ka OHpejjeJIeHHfl CTeH2HH HOJIftpH3al[HH HpH (~IOTOrpaCpH~IeCKOII I~OTOMe'C ~~HH He McHbHIe IJ ~~p -OB. TeM He M2Hee HO,TIy~leHHyK) HOJISIpH31lIZHIO CJIeAVeT HpHHHCBTb H3JIy~IeHHK), KOTOPOe paCCeflHO CB060~IIbIIt4H 9TIe?;aIOIi[xX 06JIaKOB HOJISipx30BflTb Ii3JIyTIeHHe 3Be3j[. Ilpx 9TOM yCTaHaBJlxBaeTCR KOppenSILjI35I Me}K,>~y LI3hbi7'I\4 CTTeKTpOrpa(~e CO CTVITeH~IaTOLi LIjeJIbIO. 1~3MepeHilSi hbE,T[II Bi~III0J1II8HI,1 Ha MHKpO[~7OTOM2Tpe CIICT2Mbi HrIKOHoBa, TaK3Ke K 1[a '1`~ll{ IIIi3bEBaeM0M CSICTpOBI MIdKpOC~)0T0MeTpe~. ~3MepeHII~? H1 _#[ByX MHKpO(~0'1'0MCTpaX Iip0I~i3B0AYIJItICb C I~eJIbK) BbIRCHHTb Ha T{a ROM YI3 HiIX i7peJjl[0~I'I'N'I(:.'1b1iC:C Iii-,ICrJSI'i'b 1II(`I'GJi~iKT4?LI2CI{13e TVMaHHOCTII, ViTIdTbT_BaA, zITiJ 1j.IIH TRKOR~ pa~OTbl, 1{aK JjaHHaSI, Tpe6veTC5I OCOC~G BbICOKaA TO~iHOCTb. TpyJi,HC'P Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 RCerO H3MepSiTb B MIIKpOfpOTOM2Tpe OZ[Hy H Ty x{e TOYKy Ha TpeX nOCJIe,IjOBa- TeJIbHbIX CHI3MK8X TyMflHHOCTeI3. Pe3yJIbTflTbi I33yYeHHSI 9TOt0 BOnpOCa IIOKB- 3aJIH, LITO H2KOTOpOe npeHMyIijeCTBO Ha CTOpOHe ~bICTpOPO C~OTOM2Tpa, n0- CKOJIbKy, OH 60JIe0 YyBCTBHTeJi@H, K BMeCTe C T2M-CHa6}KeH J~OBOJIbHO T04- HbIM BHHTOM, nepO,I~BIIraIOIII,HM KapeTKy C nJIflCTIIHKOI3. BnpOY@M, pe3KOI3 pa3- HHubI B I13MepeHHHX Ha ynOMSIHyTbIX j(ByX I~OTOM2TpaX He3aMeTHO. BBHRy TOrO, LITO CHHMKII BHeraJIaKTHYOCKHX T)7MflHHOCTeI3 npOH3BOj[nJiHCb nOCJIei[OBBTeJIbHO, npll pa3HbIX nOJIO?KeHI3RX noJlRpoHAa, MbI npHAaBaJIH H3? btepeHHSIM COOTBeTCTByIOIIjHe nOnpaBKH 3a 3eHHTHOe paCCTOHHIIe, peAyuxpys~~ K CJIyYaIO HaHM2HbIIIerO 3eHHTHOI'O paCCTOSiHHH. 17pH'9TOM 9TH nonpaBKI3 npU- BepSIJIHCb Ha OCHOBe I~I3MepeHI-I13 KOHTpOJIbHbIX 3Be3R Ha Ka?KAOM HBraTI3Be. 17pII nOCJtej(OBaTeJIbHbIX CHHMKBX TVM3HHOCTeI3 MbI He AeJIaJtH JjJIHHHbIX 9K- CII03I3L[HI~I x n09TOMy CHHMKI3 MaJIO pa3JIHLIaJIHCb n0 30HHTHbIM paCCTOHHHHNI. 1709TOMy, B H2KOTOpbIX CJIyYaSIX IIOIIpaBKI3 3a 3eHIITHOe paCCTOAHI3e HaMHOrO M2HbnIe, YeM OII.II3~Ka.I33MepeHHSi. r1pII pa60Te Ha MI3KpOI~OTOMeTpe HIIKOHOBa MbI HpOI33BOJjIIJIH H3MepeHliSi it0 OT~jeJIbHbID4 y3JIaM HJIII /~CTaJIRM, I{OTOpble XOpOIIIO BbIJ~eJISIIOTCSi, OCO~eHHO y TyM2HHOCTeI%I THHa SC. TOT CHOCOC H3MepeHIIH o6ecneYHBaeT 6oJlbulyw TO~IIIOCTb B CMbICJie II3MepeHHF~I Oj[HIIX H T2X x{e TOYeK Ha TpeX pa3JIHYHbIX CHHNIK3X. MbI 3apaHee 3apHCOBbIBaJII3 BHera.TIaKTIIYeCKyIO TyMBHHOCTb K H3Me- pSIeMble TOYKH x.l II z2 I~ Iq IS r6 17 Ix Ig 20 2I 2g . V . 195 I Ydy ;~k r ?/~ i oq i 22 z8 ( 2T 22 ~ 2~, 00 2 r8 ~ 26 rb 27 30 2g z; 2g I~ 30 28 . j7 . 19SI -- --g ~/o-__~ 04?~0 IS 05 1~ Ia 04 04 13 B Jlesoz~ HoJroBHHe Ta6JIHubr XL xyMepauHSl o6llzax 1jJISI AByx cepxr3, A~-~ CKOJIbKy, MbI H3MepSIJIH HO B03M0?KHOCTII O,IjHI3 II Te 3Ke TOzIKH. IleraTIiBbI CC? pHH 4.IV.1951 r. IIO Ka~IeCTBy HeCKOJIbKO yCTyIIdIOT HeraTI3BaIDI CepHF'i G8.V.1951 r. I-I03TOMy HOCJIeJ~HYIC CJIej[yeT ~paTb C ~OJIbHIHM BeCOM. IIO H3MepeHC35IM IIa 6bICTp0112 C~}OTONI2Tpe HepBbIII ,IjI3aMeTp HOKa3bIBile'I' I70JISIpH3aL[HK) BOO~Lri,e HaMHOI'O 50JIbHIe, ~IeN1 BTOp0I3. I~I3 11 TO~IeK Ha HeM IIOKa3bIBaK)T CT2R0Hb IIOJISIpH3aL[I3I3 50JIbHIyK), ~IeM Bep04ITHaH OHIH6Ka OHpe~e- JIeHHSI HOCJIe1jHeI3. CJIej[OBaTeJIbHO, B HeKOTOpbIX y3JIaX Z[aHHOII BHeraJI2KTHLIe- CKO~I TYMBHHOCTI3 I33JIyLIeHHe, XOTSI He3HaT-IHT2JIbH0, HO IIOJIHpH30BaH0. 3JjeCb HeHOCpej~CTBeHHO Ha-rJIa3 MO}KI-IO 3aM2THTb pa3H~IL[y B YIHT2HCHBHOCTH JjJI$ HBKOTOpbIX T~aCTeId pyKaBOB ~CM. C~JOTO 3, rRe TYMBHHOCTb NGC 5194 HOKa3a- Ha B TpeX yBeJIHTIeHHbIX H305pa}KeHHHX, COOTBOTCTByK)LI~HX TpeM HOJIO}KeHI35iAti aHaJII33aTOpa~. ?AA 0 m= m=6c~ ~I~OTO cj (Ij ~"~(g(*B 8, SIOJIJI. A6acT. ac2pocp, o6c., Ne 13 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 I ~?VI.19jI ~ 2S.V.1952 314 P.na3a ~eTSepTax KaK BHjjHO H3 3TI3X CHAMKOB, jjJiS[ I-t0 K `Z-t0 IIOJ[O}KeHHII aHa.TIII3aTOpa ~?-~' f( cp=_ ~!% ; To~xa B pyxase cHxpaJlx, yxasaxxax cTpe.nxox, BblAe~taeTCSi, 'f. 0. OHa 3HaYHTeJIbHO HHTOHCIIBHee Ha 9T13X jjByX CHI3MKaX, YeM Ha TpeTbeNi ~;~ _ 12G ~. TyM1HHOCTb NCIC 5194, B CMbICJIe Ii3y~IE'.HHSI HOJISIpA3aLjHi3 SIBJISIeTCSI i~C- KJIIOT3HTeJIbHO HHTepeCHbIM OC'beKTOM, H 3aCJiy}KI-IBaeT ,1[aJIbH2FIIIIetO 60?IIE'e ,I[eTaJIbHOPO H3y~IeHIiSI, HO,~OrOHOPO HdHI2My, IIOCKOJIbKy TpyAIIO IIpeJZCT2BHTb T20peTH~IeCKH, IIO~IeMy Ha OjjHOII K TOYI h{:; CHIIpa,TII'I TOJ[bK0 OJjHa, OtpaHII~ICH- ~Iasl ~IacTb o6xapyx{IIBaeT noJlxpiasauxlo. TyMBHHOCTb NCIC 5457; TI3II SC. ~Ta TYMaHHOCTb THHIILIHaSI CHHpaJIbH~Si -CRHpaJI1'I y Hee CHJIbHO pa3BHTbI. PE;3yJIbT2TbI Ii3MepeHI3A IIOJIHpH3aIjIII3 ,~JISI Hee IIpej[CTaB.TIeHbI B Ta6JII3ue XLI. CyAsi HO HI~Ibi BOO6LIje, MbI MO}K2M CKti- TaTb, LITO H3JIytiC'HAe 3TOI-I BHetaJIaI{TI~ITI2CIi0I3 TyMaHHOCTH, IIOBI~IJ>;I3NIOMy, H~~ IlOJI5IpH30B8H0. 0 u; 04 ; u o~ 02 04 08 oz 0:4. O=k O~} 03 o9?jn o; oti?! v ob Iz?~ i~ 08 I z o4 13 I "`4 II o~ 14 08 t1. IO Ij 16 08 Ii 16 04 oq Io 1~ to i I O~ ~ I ~ D~' o~ j o& nR 1 Og Y _1-~:- $ JIE'.BO13 HUJIOBIiHe Ta~JIHL[bI XLI ,IZaIOTCSI pe3yJIbTaTbI A3MepeHI-ISI Tpe eepHK. Kai{ BHJjHO K3 3TOH Ta~JIHIjbI, HFi B OJ~HOH TO~IKe HE'.T XOTb CKOJIbI{O ~II36yl[b 3aM2THOI~i IfOJIApII3aL[III3. JINHIb TOT3KI-I N3 5 H N4 6 HOKa3bIBaK)T IIOTITI3 aIO BceNI TpeM CepI35iM HE'.KOTOpyK) HOJISIpH3aI[HIO. ~TO OTKJIOHeHT3e OT OOH);@I'O TOYKFI N?.N? I1 H 15 HpaBOI3 ROJIOBI9HbI Ta~JII~L[bI XLI IIOKa3bIBdIOT IIOBbi- IH2HHVi0 IIOJIflpH3aIjHIO, HO eCJIH HpI3HSITb BO BHHMBHHe TO, TITO OHM OTHOCSITCfl K Hepej[ep}KaHHOI~ H HeRORep}I{aHHO1~ iIaCTSINI TyMc1HHOCTII, TO HMH TO}I{e MO}I{- HO IIpeHe~peLIb, T. I{. OHII3OKa H3MepeHflSI CHJIbHO 3aBHCI3T T2KN{e OT CTeIIeT-I13 T7l{IINT O6pa3OM, MbI CuI3TaeNi, ~I'1'O II3JIyueHI3e ,IZaHHOII TyMaHHOCTH He IIO- f TyMaHHOCTb NCIC 4558; TAH ~IJ. I~aK BI3Z[HO H3 Ta6JII3II,bI XLII,i~3Me- pBHHbIE' TOTIKII ,T~aHHOII BHetaJIaKTII~IeCI{OI-I TyMaHHOCTH TaK}I{e He IIOKa3bIBaK)T TIIBOB OT 28.V.I95I t.C)bICTpbiM C~OTOMeTpONI. ~TIi HetaTHBbi TaI{}xe He HOKa- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 TaS.'rI-[ua XLl gt5(no~m~ NCC 5457 ~~~ Lla~epeaxa as 6blcrporl MxKpo- IIanaepexfla as nlexpocporoe~eTpe Hxl:o~osa clloTOnaeTpe aabmH3~8o 6n~m6mgob 3n~(hmo~mbc*aaDCgF''ba aabrx8ga8o ~~hl~~ 8n3hlmglm~~o- ~~ 8~{+jlnb;I Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 ~3blsatoT noJlnpl~~sali,HH HpII II3NIl:(J@x[~II~I xa MHxpot~oTOMeTpe HIIKOHOBd, ecJill He HpHxs~'rb Bo Bx~Maxlic l~Be 'ro~Ilcx Ns~Ns 2 u 3. 't'aGal~Iua X LI]. (I'SE~~~o NGC 4558 1dsMepeE+z3n Ha naaRi~AR II3 IIBMe~2HHFI TpeX HEPITH~BOB, OTHOCSIH7,IIXC;I ~ ~TO,'I C~ ~IR1~.1 1 'tPPzor.rrorl~elzFlfl I~I upvl~)~x xapal~TepHCTHx... 121 /iCHO, LITO 36e3j[bI-rHraH1'bI n03JjHHX KJIaCCOB Z[OCTHraK)T M2CTOIIOJIO}KE- HHH CBeTJIbIX H TeMHbIX y~IaCTKOB raJIaKTHKH, HO, nOBHjjHNIOMy, cpeRH no3.q- HHX KJI2000B npe06JIaJ~aIOT 3Be3,gbI-KapJIkIKH. B CBH3H C ~THNI, rHraHTbI He MO- ryT OKa3bIBaTb 3aMeTHOI'O BJ[HAHHA Ha H3y~IaeMOe paCHpeJZeJIOHHe B CB2TJIbIX yTIaCTKaX. B Ta6JIHije XI, jjaHbI nOjjCYe1'bI n0 KaTaJIOry HD H HDE. KaK BH,ijHO H3 9TOII Ta6J[HII;bI, 3J~eCb ?ieTKyK) I{apTI~IHy J~aK)T 36e3J~bI CHeKTpaJIbHOPO KJIflCCa B; ~, ,~ 1(J[SI HHX OTHOHIeHHe ~ B HeKOTOpbIX CJIy~IaflX j[OCTHraeT 3.5. ~CHO, ~ITO OT- ~ r~~~ HOHIeHHSI - -- lI ---~ H(' xapa[{'repH3yK)'r (~yHKLjHIO CBCTHMOCTH, nOCKOJIbKy NIbI CpaBHHBaeM XOTb H paBHOe KO.TIHLIeCTBO 3Be3J~, HO pa3Hble O~'beMbI Hp0- CTpaHCTBa, B CBfl3H C. 'I'eM, ~ITO MbI 6epeM Z[JISI CpaBH2HHSi pa3Hble H.TIOHjaJjH. ~JIfl B6ILIHCJIeHHSI paCCTOSIHHF~I, C KOTOpbIX HaTII~IHaK)TCSI CBeT,TIble y~IaCTKH, R~ n0 OTHOIIi(:H[~IflNI -- Nlbt HpHNIeNI CpP.,1jHIOK) a~COJIIOTHyK) BeJIH~IHHV ,II,JIfl 3Be3ZI 13.,_ cneKTpaJlbxoro KJlacca B paBxor~-2.0 H npeReJlbxylo BeJII3~3HHy xa'raJlora paBxoi~r 3~"'? 5, a TaKx{e, xaK Bbllue, npi~IMeM HorJloHzeHHe 1"~ ~ xa 1 xH- JIOHapC2K J[JISI CBe'r,JIbIX y4aCTKOB MJ1eLIHOPO ~yTH. ~0,1Ib3yflCb ~aJlee CpOpMy- JIOR Ib r~=~~' I' -}- v.20 Y, HOJIVYaeM, ~ITO B Cpe~jH2M HO 9THM HJIOHjajjKaM CBeT- ,llble yLI1CTKH paCnpOCTp81ISIK)T CBOC BJIHSIHHe Ha 3Be3,i[bI B J~O paCCTOSIHHA B r=850 HapceK. 3Be3>~bI .~, COI'.:IaCHO Ta~JIHIjC; r~'~,U1, nOKa3bIBilIOT He3IIa~IHTeJIbHOe BJIHfl- HHe CBCTJIbi?X OCJIaR.OB, nOCKO,~ibKy ~ ~~ , B CpejjHe:l9 z(JISI BCOX HJIOLIjaJ~OK, paB- ,=\ ~. HO 1.18. OJ~HaKO, I9[l'I'epeCHO HpOn3B8CTH HO 3B03~(aM A BbIUHCJIeHHe TaKOe x{e, KaK ?~JISI 3[;e3J( ~i, IIOCKOJIbKy 3Be.3,ZjbI ~ ,Z[OJl}KHbI JI,aTb HH?KHHI~I npe,geJl paccTOflHHfl. I-IpHHIINIasI BepxxHK npezteJl a6coJIIOTHOi~ Be.TIHnHHbI M, ~tJia 3Be3Jj ~, paBHbIM--017dF ~IIFI?II2CTH, HOCKO,IIbKy, COPJI8CH0 BbIHIeCKa3aHHOMy, Ha HpOIjeHT- HbIFi COCTaB 3Be3j[ 1VIOPyT BJII35ITb KaK CB2TJIble, T8K H T2MHble y4aCTKH MrIeT~- HOI'O IIYTI~I. IIpH 9TOM, eCJIH B JjaHHOM HaIIp1BJIeHHH OHpeJjeJI8H0 pflCCTOFIHRP. T2MIIOI3 MdTepHH KdKHM-HH6Yjjb CH00060M, H1HpHMep, McTOJ~OM B O JI b (~ a HJIII Zjpyi'HM, a pa3JjB02HIIe IIaLL}HX KpHBbIX HaLII~IHaeTCSI Ha 6oJlee 6JIH3KOM paCCTOHHHH, TO 9T0 )~K83bIBc1eT Ha TO, uT0 pa3jjBOeHHe BbI3B3H0 jjel'ICTBHOM CB2TJIOI3 OGJIaCTFI, T. e. 3Be31jHOe O~JIdKO 6JIH}KE, ~IeM HaLIaJIO Te1VIHOI~i 1VIaTepFI13. K8K BH,i[HO I'I3 OTHX KpHBbIX, BJIHSIHHe 3Be3,q THHa A, IIO JjaHHbINI HJIOHjaJjr{}{ M `Z4, IjOXOjjHT jj0 paCCTORHHSi B 49O HapC2K, T. e. jj0 I'paHHLj McC'PHOI3 CHCT?- 11IbI. B C.ny~Ic~e H.TIOIIja1jKl~ ,No ~ Kp~IBaSI HOK33bIBaeT TaKOe 3K2 BJIHSIHHe. o/ \ o ~y~hNS LIepText 20 6a&~bn TeHepb MbI 3c~TpOH2M BOHpUC O pc~CC'I'ORHNSIX, HOJIY~IeHHbIX C HOMOHjbK) BbIHIeHpHBBJ~eHHbIX KpHBbIX, a T3KA{e HO OTHOHIeHI~IK) -~~ .~~ ~ICHO, TITO BeJIH- ~IHHbI -,Zj,IISI 3Be3J~ A, IIpHBe~jeHHbie B TB~JIHLje ~I,vl, jjO,TI}{{HbI COBHaJ~ai'b C (, ?~o .~T .~, u/ A,11A COOTBBTC'I'ByK)ILjePO K~1TH,IIOI'H Ii HJIOIL[R~OK, IIOCKOJ[bI{y ,*~,1}H Hpe- n jjeJIbHOI~I Be,>TA~IHHbI KaTaJIOPa IIMeeM: Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 k'~3)'rlCiiY[e :4TQ71'; 3P,E`3JIiI(?r0 IIOI'J~OILieIIPIA FI J;j7yPI3}; XapaICTepI3CTI31C... 1 25 HO BMeC're C TeM RCIIO 1~ TO, ~ITO HO KpHBbIM MbI MO~I{eM HOJIyTIHTb 60JIe2 HH3KyI0 rpaHHll,A~, ~1e1~! IIO -~~ - rIOCKOJIbKy HOCJIe~j[Hee OTHOIIIeHHe OTHOCHTCSI K IIpeJ~eJIbHOII BCJIGI4HI-Ie I{a'I'aJlOra, a IIO KpHBbIM 9T0 OTHOUI2HHe MO}KHO HpOC- JIeJ~HTb HO BCJiHrIHHaM 3Be3J>; paC'CMdTpHBaeNIOI'O KaTdJIOra. ~THM H 06'b$C- HSIeTCfl McHbII[ee 3Ha~I2HIIe----490 IlapCeK, HOJIy~IeHHOe HO KpHBbIM, OTHOC;i- IgHMCSI K HoI~c~IeTaNI Ho Ka'raJlory HD, Ho cpasxexHlo c 650 HapceK, HoJIy- ~. ~IeHHbIMH HO ~ ~ OTHGCSHI1,eMj1CSi K HO,gCTIeTaM HO KaTaJIOry BSD. OHH' MOr.IIH ~bI COBHaCTb, CC.i1H ~ ~~ 6bIJI0 hbI ~OJIee 6JIH3K0 K eJ[HHHI~e, HO Ha C1MOM j(eJIe NILI HNICeNt 1.1~', II KpONIe T'OI'O O~ieFlb NIHOI'Oe 3aBIdCHT OT HpHHHTOI3 a6- COJIIOTHOyI BCJ[H~IHHbI. I{aK 6bIJI0 CKa3aH0 BbIIIIe, J~JIH ~ HO KaTaJIOry BSD 6bIJIa HpHxflTa a6coJrlo'rnasl BeJrHxHHa \, - -~- i ~7z ~, a RJZS~ HD-BepxHxH HpeAeJi \~! _ - 0"~ 6 C30T ocIIOBHble HpK~HHbI pacxox{RexHA sTHx paccTOflHHi~. IIp_~- HSITHe HaMH J~JIfl BepXHerO Hpe,ge.ira aCCOJIIOTHOYI BBJIHUHHbI M= ~Q~~a ~ Bbi3Ba- t~'. c Ho TeM, xTO HpH HpH~JIHx{eHIIH oTxoulelrllSl -- K eAHHHue, Ha zero ~el3cTSy- 1 K)T JIHHIb 3Be3J~bI, IiMefOIL1,He 6oJlburHe aC)COJIK)THble BeJIHYHHbI. BJIH3KOe B.IlHHHIde CBeTJIbIX OCJIaKOB HOBOJIbHO H3TaJIKHBaeT H8C IIa' MbICJIb, ~ITO OHO paCilpOC'rpaHSle'PCft BrJIy6b CaMOII MCCTHOI3 CHCTeMbI H LITO HaKJIOH HOCJIeJ[HEFI CBft3aH C OTHMH OCJIBKaMH. B CBSI3H C 3THM MbI HpOBe1I3 HO Ta6dIHI~e XLVI CpaBHCHHC 06JIaKOB, pe3y.TIbT2TbI LIerO IIO,i[TBepx{IjaIOT 3Ty MbICJtb. ~Ka3aJIOCb, ~ITO CMOTpfl HO J_[aHHbIM Ta6JIHL[bI XLVI H HO AT 6JIII3i{@ BCCPO BJIHflH1~C paCHpOCTpaHAIOT 3Be3J~Hble O~JIaKa B C03Be3J~HAX 3MeeHOC- Lia H OpJ[a. EC.TIH B3SI1'b OKBHBaJIeHTHble KOOp,i~HHaTbI MaKCHMaJIbHOI'O OTKQO- HeHHft B OJjH01-I CTOpOHe HOSICa I~ y ,II b ,Ij a paBHbIMH ~ 1~', -1 Off, TO K 3TOI3 TO~IKe 6JIH3K0 HO,L~XOJT,flT IIJIOII>,aJ-[KH N9Ns 1 H 2 H3 Ta6JIHLjbI XLVI, KOTOpUIe HaXO,i(flTCSi B C03BC3J~HflX 3MeeHOCI~a H OpJIa. I~ COx{aJI2HHI0, B ~pyrOFI TO~IKe MBKCHMaJIbHOPO OTKJIOII2HHft HOSICa I' y JI b A a, KOOp,L[HHaTbI KOTOpOI~I pas- HbI 5T`1Q"' i3 -~-9~, ~bl.na Bb16paHa TOJIbKO O,i[Ha HJIOTijaJl,Ka Ns 9, B C03Be3J~I~H' OpHOHa. ~[JIfl HpHBeJ~e.HHbIX H,iIOIL[aJjOI{, OTHOCSIIL[HXCH K OJZHOII LIaCTH MecT- .~, HOI-I CHCTBMbI, OTHOIIICIII~[e - paBHO COOTBeTCTBeHHO `~.2`Z, 1.41 H CpeJ~HHA ~a ~ a;. B2JIH~IHHa - paBHa 1.81. ECJIH BOCHOJIb30BaTbCfl 9THMH OTHOLLieHHSIMH I3 teLj, OpHOH, E][HHOpOr, Jle6e?jb, CKOpHxOH I3 Ap., HOY.a3bIBaIO'r 60.nbIIIHe 3Ha- YeHHfl OTHOIHeHH14 - - T. e. HOJi,TBep}KljafOT BbILHeCKa3aIIHOe. ~.,. CJI2AyeT TaK}Ke OTMP.TI3Tb, TITO BJILIHHFIe 60JIbLHI-IHCTBa paCCMaTpHBae- IvibIX CBOTJIbIX yTIaCTKOB IIMeeT ROBOJIbHO JjaJI2I{Oe, J~OXOj[SILI[ee ,7~0 McCTHOI%I ~CI3CT2MbI paCHpOCTpaH2HLTe. ~HTepeCHO, lITO HO K2TaJIOraM HD K HO BSD IIOJIVT3IR.nRCb CXOjjHble Mex{1jy COhOI3 pe3yJIbT8Tb1. ? FCJILI HpOBeCTI3 Li3y~IeHLIe Tai{OPO pOZja BO MiIOrAX o6JlaKax MJIeYHOt O ~yTI-I ICI paCCM2TpFIBaTb IIl CORNIECTHO, TO IIO BCeEI BP.IIOft'1'~IOCTI3, }Tj[aCTCS[ ~O- alee y6eAr~Te.rbxo O~'bSiCHI'ITb HaKJIOH McCTHOU CLIeTeMbT. ~ICHO, YTO HOC.IIP. 9TOP0 I{apTFIHa MecTHO~I CHCTeMbI HOJIyTdaeT 09eHb I1pOCTOe O~"bSICH2HIIe. ECnI~ PTO TRK, TO TOr,Tja KOCMNYeCKOe HOr.ilOTijeHxe He AB?IAeTCSI C~HHCTBeHHOI3 Hpf3- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010019-9 if:~?~~~rriutc n~I~?a?src;~roro nor~[olueHlF~ H RPYi'I~~`{ xapar~iep~lcrllx... 127 ~IxxoH, ooycJlar3.rluBalollte~I KapTi~xy MecTxo~I CHCT'elvlbl. K Ta1~oMy. x{e pe- syJlbTa"ry upHBeJru elite paI-Thule ,~pyrue ucc~zeRoi~.auux, BbIHOJixeHHble B A6a- cTyMallc~{o~i o6ceplsaTOpukl aI~'ropoM L13J H E. K. X a p a u s e [531. AJZn 6oJree noJlHOro uccJleRoBaHHS~ 'rpe6yeTCR HMeTb HotITkl cnJloluuylo ~uexTpa,nbxylo K,naccklc~uxaltHlo sBe31i M,>zexxoro IIyTr~, no xpaz~Heu Mepe, Ro ~~-OI3 3Be3J1H~I>~I Be.IIkhIIdHbt, C OX.BII'CON[ COiISI b=.I-_i~~, HO 9T0-3aAa`~a ~y- ~tvul,ero. 37. ~ HCKO'1'O~76IX XAUdKTepkiCl'I~-K'cIJ~I BHeri~J1IIKTI~1~(eCKPIX TyM1HHOCTBLi F:CTb OCHOBaHHSI CtII3Tc~'rb, zl'I'O NZjpil K CHIIlJ~JIII B rc~.7Ic~KTI3KIX ~Ja3BIIBakO? TCSI HC He3aBHCI~IMO Jtpyr O'I' jtpyril, B B TeCHO?~ B3aIIMOCB5I3H. IIpkI 3TOM I~OpMB, (Jfl3i~Ie~JbI II C1'CII@IIb pa3BkITNSI OAIiNX ~HaHpHMep, CIIIdpaJIeI3~j MOr~~T ~blTb B OHpeZteJIeHIIOk[ CBS[3I3 C'reMki }Ke XdpdKTC1JIICTIdKaMII ,I~pyrIIX ~SIJl,ep~. ~OIibTTlleblCfi yC"r~IHOBYI'I't~ XB~~iK1'eO 3I1BHCkI1lZOCTH Mex{uy BeJIkIIIIIHOI3 SIZI,- pa K ulupuxoH HJIII ToJIIIt1aIIOi~I cuHpaJlu Bo BHeraJl~xTK~ecxHx ~ryMaxxoc'rs~x. JIerxo y6e~h,klTbcsl, ~rro ec.Iru pasMepnl F