FOREIGN DOCUMENT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 237
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: August 4, 2010
• Sequence Number: 20
• Content Type: MISC

Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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$ O T O ~I H bI X H3MepeHHi3 (~IJIK)KTyHpyK)IljetO TOKa Z? B CJIyTIae n H3MepeHI3i3'
(OTCYOTOB) 6yAeM, CJIejjOBBTeJIbHO, IdMeTb CJle,tjyK)H);e8 BbIpa3KeHHe j(JISI Cpe1t-
HBI~I OIIII3CKI3 pe3yJlbTaTa, T. 0. CpeltHel3 OHIH6KH ORpeAeJleH~zsl cpeAHero 3Ha-
'~IeHHA TOKa 2:
vi ie
E6 = c
1/n nt
z1 z[JISi OTHOCHTeJIbH013 TOTiHOCTH H3141epeHHFi:
(6)
v iU ~nti~ (7)
flTCiOj~a BHJjI-iM, ~ITO 3aZ[aHAe HeKOTOpOi-I OIIpejjeJIeHHOII TOTIHOCTH II3MepeHHi-I
Y, rlpH BaJjaHHbIX 3HZY0HHSIX t Ii n HOJIHOCTbK) OHpel~eJiSIeT I4IHHHNIaJIbIIyK)
`BedIHTlltiiy (~OTOTOKa t~,HH eHje H3MepHMOI'O C 3TON TOYHOCTbK):
e
ZMNH -
ntiv2
rlpl'I HpI-iHSITbIX HBMH BbII7Ie yCJIOBIIAX (v=2.5%, BpeIvIeHH
`15 C2K, TIeMy COOTBeTCTByeT RC= 2 C2K (CM. HH3K0) H npH n =4)
ZMNH - 3.2.10' 17a.
~~~
O~CYeTa
~9)
3HasI MFIHHMaJIbHbIFi I33MepHMbIFI C~OTOTOK, HeMeJZJI2HH0 H2XORI3M COOT-
BeTCTByK)HXNH eMy MHHHMaJIbHbII3 x{e H31VIepHMbII%I CBeTOBOI3 IIOTOK:
(~ i~,,,}I 320
"MNH- __.106 = -~~_-.10-IS TIM ~1~}
~~ (Te.ts~ E (Teff)
I3 3HaTIeHxe IIJISi HOJIe3HOII TIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH:
En = 31~; ~Teff~~ (11}
'T,I[e, K8K MbI IIOMHHM, ~(7'eff) BbIpa}KaeTCH B NIKa~JIM.
170CKOJIbKy HpH BbIBOJ.~e ChOpMy,n (9)-(11) MbI orpaxHTINJIHCb y~eTOM
3Cp(peKTa TOJIbKO OT 2CTCCTB2HHbIX CpJIK)KTyaL~IiII i~OTOTOKa H npexe6petJIH
BJIHSiHHOM i~JIK)KTyaI~I3I%I TeMHOBOPO TOKa, TO 3TH CpOpMyJIbI CQpaBejjJIHBbI
-JIHIIib AJIx Nl[ea?1IbHOtO C~OT03J[eMeHTa. I~13 HOCJIeJjH0I3 (~OpMyJIbI BHJ~HM, ~ITO
IIOJIe3HaSI T~yBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb HjjeaJIbHOtO [pOT03JI0M2HTa IIpOIIOpI[HOHaJIbIIa et0
o61ueK TIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH H nOJIHOCTbK) orlpeAeTlsleTCx nocJIeuxel3. Zj.nx H,i[e-
a1IbHOPO B2KyyMHOPO CpOT03J[eMeHTa HOHS{TI3e HOJIe3HOI~I ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTI3
' COBHaJjaeT, OTIeBH~[H0, C HOHSITHeM HOJIe3HOI%I T~yBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH CpOT09MI3CCHII.
~JISi T3KOI'O CpOT03JI2MeHTa C OC)HjeI3 ~IyBCTBI3TeJIbHOCTbK) OKOJIO
3U MKa/JIM MI3HHMaJIbHbII%I H3MepHMbII-I CB2TOBOI3 IIOTOK ~y,ijeT p8B2H OKOJIO
1.1() _1a JIM, a 3HaT~eHHe HOJIe3HOI-I LIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH - IfOpSIJjKa TbICSI9H.
HCXO,I(SI H3 9TOI'O MbI H BBe.RH B [pOpMyJIe (4) MHO}KI.-ITOJIb lO-9, ~ITO paBHOCIiJIb-
-1i0 H3MepeHHK) CB2TOBbIX IIOTOKOB B HOHaJIK)MOHflX (MHJIJIHIGIHKpOJIIOMeHBX).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
AnnapaTypa
~OpMyJ[a (11) IIOKa3bIBaeT CKOJIb BeJII3Ka IIOJIe3HaSi LIyBCTBI3TeJIbH~C1'b .
IIJ(eaJIbHOrO BaKyyNIHOrO (~OT03JIeMEHTa. HCXOJ~SI K3 AaHHbIX Ta6JI13IIbI lI, J~aK)?
IL[eI3 3HaTIeHIIR CBeTOBbIX IIOTOKOB OT 3Be3ZI, j[JISf 33-cM pecpJleKTOpa, MbI Bi3?
~I~IM, TITO C RORO~HbIM C~OT09JI2M2HTOM Ilpi~ er0 061ueK LIyBCTBI3TeJIbHOCTYI
~ (7'eff~ = 1 OO MKa~JIM (JIerKO J~OCTIIraeMOIi C CypbMSIHO-L[e3LIeBbIMIi C~IOTO-
9JI0MEH'I'aMI3~ MbI MOPJII3 6bI IIOI-ITH Aare Ha TaKOM CKpONIHOM IIHCTpyM2HT@
]J,U 3Be3Z[ '" 14 "` (npr~ HAe~aJlbxoH I~I3MepI3TeJIbH01'I CXeMe, KOHeTIHO~ .
K CG}KaJIeHHK), IIOMIIMO eCT2CTBeHHbIX CpJIK)KTyaIjHli CpOT03MIICCHH eCTb
eti[e OjSHa IIOM@Xa, H0LI36e]KHO Cylii,eCTByfOLuaH y pe'aJIbHbIX C~OT03JIeM0HTOB.
PTO-C~JIK)KTyal),I3I3 T2MIiOBOI'O TOKa, KOTOpble B 60JIbLIIIIHCTBO CJIytIaeB I3rpa?
IOT OCHOBHyK) pOJIb B OrpaHIiYeHHI3 IIOJIe3HOII ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTI3 CpOT09JI2MeH-
Ta. OCHOBHbIMl~ IIpI~[TIHHaMH T2MHOBOI'O TOKa SIBJISiIOTCSI HeCOBepLIIeHHaR I330-
JISIL[I'ISI 3.ileKTpOJZOB CrOT03JIeMeIITa I3 TCpMOI30HHaSI 9MI3CCYISI CpOTOKaTOj[a IIpI3
06bI~THbIX TBMIIepaTypaX.
HeCO'BeplileHC'I'BO I~30JISII[I3YI M02I{eT CKJIaJ~bIBaTbCSi I33 pSIZ(a SiBJI2HI3II: IIO?--
BepXHOCTHOI3 I~I Oh'beMHOII IIpOBOAHMOCTLI KOJICbI CpOT09JI2MeHTa, HdJII3TIIdA TOH-
uaI3ILIeI3 IIJIeHKK LgeJIOYHOI'O McTaJIJIa, ocesmeK Ha BHyTpeHHeII nosepXxocTIl
KOJ16bI B rlpcuecce I33rOTOBJIe~HI~iH CpOT03JIeM8HTa, K, HaKOHeu, IIpOBO~jI3IDIOCTN -
ra3a B CJIy~Iae ra30IIOJIHOPO CpOT03JIeMeHTa. C HeCOBepTIIeHCTBOM I330.TISILji3i3
MO}KHO yCII8IIIH0 ~OpOTbCSI 06bI~IHbIMI3 Cpe~ZjCTBaMI3: BBej[eHHeM OXpaHHbIX KO-
J1eLI, Ha BHe?IIIHeI-I I3 BHyTpe?HHeI3 IIOBepXHOCTH CpOTO~JIeMeHTa, a I3HOrj[3 I-t
CKB03HbIX-CBapeHHbIX CO CT2KJ[OM KOJ16bI, IIpPIM0H2HI3eM xsapua B Ka~IecTBe
MaTepHaJIa ,i[JISI IIOCJIej[HeFI K T. ,II,. 3aTpyj[HeHI35i C I330JISIIjI3eI3 NIOryT B03RI3K-
HyTb JIALIIb IIpK I3CIIOJIb30BaHI3I3 CpOT09JI0MeHTOB, KOHCTpyKIjHSI KOTOpbIX Iie
RpeRyCM8TpI3BaeT I~IX IIpHMOHeHYISI K I33NIepeH13K) IIpeAeJIbHO MaJIbIX CBeTOBbIX
IIOTOKOB. HO, K CO}KaJI2HI3K), HMeHHO C T2KOr0 pOAa CpOT09JIe1VI2HTa1VII3 IIpFIXO--
j(HTCSI I31VI2Tb AeJtO B ~OJIbIIiI3HCTBe CJIy~IaeB IIpaKTI3zieCKOI3 pa60TbI.
Tep1VI0I30HHaH 9MHCCI3A MO}KeT j(OCTIIraTb 3HaTIIdTeJIbHO~I BeJIIITII3HbI y
HeKOTOpbIX THROB fpOTOKaTOj[OB K, B ~IaCTHOCTI~, y KYICJIOpOJ~HO-Lje3I3eBbIX._
IlpasAa, npHMe~HexHeM COOTB2TCTByK)LLT,eI~I Texxo.norKr~ I33rOTOBJIeHI35i IVIO?KHO-
j(06HTbCH 3HaiIF~ITeJIbHOI~I j[eIIpeCCFII3 TepMOAOHHOI3 9MI3CCIIYi YI IIOBbIIIIeHHSI IIO-
JIe3HOI~i ~IyBCTBI3TeJIbHOCTH 3TI3X C~]OT03JIeMeHTOB [6]. ~TO IIOATBep}Kjl;aeTCH Ha
npl~Mepe KHCJ[OpORHO-I>;e3I~IeBbIX (pOT09JIeMeHTOB, pa3pa60TaHHbIX C. ~,
y Kb R H O B bI M [42] 13 IIpI~IMeHeHHbIX H. H. II a B JI O B bI NI ,TjJISi perHCTpa-
uYII3 3Be3,I~HbIX IIpOXO}K,T~eHIII3 [27], a H2MII ASR aCT1JOCpOTOMC'TpI~ITIeCKI~IX pa-
~OT ~IB~. He3HaLIHTeJIbHble TeMHOBble TOKI3 3TI3X CpOT09JIeM2HTOB ~'~ 10-1a -
-10~14G,~ II03BOJiI-IJII3 pa60T8Tb C HI3MI3 ~e3 OXJIa?KJ1,eHHR, IIpI31VI0HSiBILierOCR
IIpII aCTpOHOMH~IeCKOM NCLIOJIb30BaH13H CpOT09JIeM2HTOB 3TOP0 pORa [lO2]'b [6~5];
[49], X74]', [lOl]. HHTepeCHO OTMeTI3Tb, T-ITO B CIA K 3aKJIK)T3eHI3I0 O B03M0}K-
HOCTIi noJlyLIeHIIA 13 I~ICIIOJIb30BaHI~IA KYICJIOpOJ~HO-Ije3I3eBbIX C~OT03JIeM2HTOB C
IIOHIiiKeHH0I3 Te~pMOI30HHOII 9MLICCfleI IIpYILIIJII3 JIHLIIb B 1946 ro.uy [761, ~Iepe3
zjeCSITb JIeT IIOCJIe TOPO, Kc1K OTO 6bIJI0 yCTaHOBJIeHO H HaLTIJiO npaxTHtIecxOe
IIpI3M8HeHI~Ie y H8C B COK)3e~. HO K rlpx YICIIOJIb30B2H1'II3 IIOJ~06HbIX, BeCbMa CO-
BepLIIOHHbIX, KHCJIOpOJjHO-I~e3I~IeBbIX (~OTOOJIe1VIeHTOB YIX TepMOHOHHble TeA4H0-
Bble TOKI3 MOI'yT CyLL[eCTB0HH0 IIpe~BbIIIIaTb CpOTOTOKYI OT CJIa6bIX 3Be3R:
~pOCOBOi4 3(~(~eKT TepMOROHHOF3 3MIICCIIH OIIpe~j[eJISieTCH TOI3 xce Ct?OliMy-
JIOI3 (7~, ~ITO N j(JIR C~OTOOM>'ICCHH; TOJIbKO 3A2Cb BNIeCTO Z BOI3j(eT ZT -
CpeJ>;Hee 3HaLIeHNe TepMOHOHHOI'O TOKa. Bepst OTHOLLI0HI3e CpJIIOKTyaIj1~N Tep` -
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 ~4 I'nasa c~e.psax
-MOHOHHOtO TOKa Sts H I~OTOTOKa S1~ HaXO~(Hbi HeIUBAaceHHO:
ZT
SiT = - Si.
Z
TaKHM 06pa30M TepMOHOHHaH 3MHCCHR TOJIbKO TOtga He yXyuluaeT IIOJIe3H0~!
'~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH (~OT03dIeMeHTa, eCnH iT ~ Z. ~,~eNCTBHTeJIbHO, cyMMapaasl
~,nloKTyauxx, onpeRenReMax cpnloKTyauHSIMH c~ozo- H TepMO-sMHCCxH (Sj)
~ygeT pa$Ha:
Zr
$ j e 1 ~.-. ~ . Si,
~`110CKOJIbKy
T
(13)
e
IIpH H3MepeHHH cpOTOTOKa IIO McTO,i~y IIOCTOSIHHOtO OTKJIOH2HHH, OTC~H-
'fbIBBeTCA pa3HOCTb TOKOB (i -}- iT~ H iT , OTSIr~IeHHbiX [p,aloKTyau,HxMH SJ H Si
' rCOOTB6TCTBeHHO. ~AIOKTyaI~HH 3TOFI pa3HOCTH 6y1[eT paBHa:
~VCornacxo (12) x (13):
s,~=Ys~T -}- s,~
2aT
5 j' = 1 -~- -- Si
2
t3, CJIej[OBflTeJIbHO, TOLIHOCTb H3Mep8HHI~
HaI3Z[eM TeIIepb BbIpa}KeHHSI j[JIH MHHHIGIaJIbHOtO H3MepHMOI'O TOKa, a
`-3aT0M H MHHHMaJIbHO H3MepHMOI'O CBOTOBOI'O IIOTOKa_IIpH HaJIH~IHH TepMOHUH-
HOtO T2MHOBOrO TOKa. Peluax (14) OTHOCHTeJIbHO Z H BBO,IjsI, KaK H paHb-
'~e, 1MNH ,It.TISI 0603Ha~IeHHR MHHHMaJIbHO H3MepHMOtO (pOTOTOKa H J~ e a JI b-
H 0 r 0 f~lOT03JIeM2HTa:
e
ZM HH - --
tinva
IiaXOj(I3M, ~ITO MHHHMaJibHO H3MepHMbIH (~OTOTOK, IIpH HaJIH~IHH TepMOHOHHOtO
T2MHOBOrO 'POKa, 6y1ieT paseH:
ECJIH, OTHOIIIeHHe ir~iMHH 0603Ha~iHM ~Iepe3 k H ygTBM, ~ITO B ~OJIbITIFiHCT-
?Be npaKTHHecKHX CJly~aeB He TOJIbKO k, HO H Vk ~ 1, IIOJIyHaeM rIpH~JIH}KeH-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
-i3JIH corJtacxo (9)
AnnapaTypa 15
ZMHH, T -- 1'4Y h?ZMHfi ~ 1.4
T _ 8 ? 10-9V 2f (15,
2MHI{
f
~TO H eCTb HCKOMOe BbIpa}KOHHe j[JISI MHHHMaJIbHO I33Mep$MOrO TOKa (~OTO-
9JIeM0HTa rlpH HaTIH~iHH TeMHOBOPO TepMOHOHHOI'O TOKa.
OTCK)J~a, COrJI8CH0 (1O), HaXOJ~HM Bblpax{eHHe Aix MHHIIMaJIbHO I33MPr
~pI3MOr0 CBeTOBOI'O IIOTOKa:
8.10_aV i-,?
Y~IHTbIBflR, ~ITO B XOPOHIHX, 06bI~IHO IIpgMeHSfeMbIX B ac'rpo~IaroMeTpxx
~OT03JIeM2HTaX TeMHOBOYI TOK HMeeT 3Ha~Ie~HI3e IIOpRJ~Ka 10' 16(X, BHJI;HM, ~ITO
MHHHMaJIbHO H3MepHMbII3 CB0TOB013 IIOTOK 6yAeT B 9TOM cJly~ae paseH
2,5,10-1d JIM (HpH E(7aff)=100 MKa/.1IM}, ~ITO COOTB2TCTByeT 3Be31[e 11".'5
Ha 33-cM pecpJlexTOpe.
AJix Ho.nesxoK uysc'rsHTeJlbxocTH noJry~IaeM cornacxo (4):
~~ll 1-? ~ (Teff) = 10'' = 1_?2i (T81f)? 10-'. (17)
{JH, .r ti ~ -
- ~ ZT 2T
TaKHM O~pi130M, rlpH HaJIH~IHH TepMOHOHHOPO T2MHOBOPO TOKa HOJIe3HaR IIyB'
~CTBHTeJIbHOCTb CpOT09JI2MeHTa OIlpe,lje~JIHeTCH y~Ke xe TOJIbKO ero o6ute>3 uys-
CTSi3'feJIbHOCTbK), HO H BeJIHiIHHOI3 TOMHOBOI'O TOKa (B KOHe~IHOM C~IeTe-
~(~JIIOKTyaijKSIMH IIOCJIe,i[HerO) .
I'13 COIIOCTaBJIe~H13H cpopMyJl (17) H (11) BHAI3M K3KyK) CyLI1,eCTBeHIIyK)
pOJIb B IIOHH}KeHHH IIOJIe3HOI3 ~IyBCTBI3TeJIbHOCTIi (~OT09JI8MeHTa HrpaeT TepMO-
IIOHNaA OMHCCHSI. ~,e13CTBHTeJIbHO, JI,JISI OTHOHI2H135I HOJIe3HbIX LIyBCTBHTeJIbHO-
CTeII (~OT03JI2MeHTOB, OJ~HH H3 KOTOpbIX 06JIaj[aeT TepMOHOHHOI3 3MHCCHeI~, a
,~pyrol3-HAeaJlex, HMeeM sblpax~eHHe:
^, T
3vi,,,10.
'OTCK)Aa BHAHM, ~I7'O J~JIA TeMHOBOPO TOKa X10-15[l HOHH3KeHHe IIOJIe:4HOII IIyB-
CTBHTeJIbHOCTH COCTBBJISIeT OKOJIO J~ByX C IIOJIOBHHOII 3Be3RHbIX BeJII~IUI3H, KaK
3T0 BI-IRHO H H3 HeIIOCpej(CTB2HHOI'O COIIOCTaBJIeHI3H pe3yJIbT2TOB, noJlyiieH-
HbIX Ha OCHOBaHHII cpopMyJl (11) H (17)
B XOpOIIIO CKOHCTpyHpOBaHHOM IpOT03JIeM2HTe TeMHOBOI3 TOK B OCHOB-
HOM OHpeJZeJIHeTCH TepMOI~IOHH013 3MHCCHeF~I; TOKI3 yTetIKH TaKHX CpOT09JIeMeH-
TOB 6bIBaIOT HC3HaLII3TeJIbHbI I3 B2CbMa CTa6HJIbHbI. ECJII3 N{e (~JIK)KTyaIjHSiMII
T2MHOBOI'O TOKa yTeLIKH IIpeHe~peT-Ib HeJIb35I, TO, IIOCKOJIbKy OHI3 BeCbMa He-
TlpaBxJ[bHbI H He MOryT 6bITb IipeACTflBJI2Hb1 KflKYIM JII360 aHaJIIITHT3eCKHM BbI-
paxieHiaeM, HOJIe3HyK) LIyBCTBHT2JIbHOCTb J~JISI 9TOI'O CJIyLIaSI IIpHXOZjI3TC5I OH-
peAeJIxTb H3 Ha6JIIOJ~eHI~II3. ~[JIA 9TOP0 9KCIIepYIMeHTaJIbHO, B pa6a~Hx ycJlo-
BHSIX ,OIIpeAe~ReTCSI 3HaT3eHHe C~JIIOKTyaI1,HH T2MHOBOI'O TOKa ~Zy, KaK cpeu-
Hee xsaApaTH~Ixoe oTx,noxeHHe. ,
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 COrJIaCHO orlpeAeJiexHlo HOJIe3HOI3 ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH Cp
OT03J1eMeHTa,,
IIOJIb3ySICb CpOpMyJIaMI3 (4),
(g) H (11), IIOJIy~aeM:
(~j 2
Y
sip
7
Os
1 9
T MNH ~
n
H
v ? E (Test)
l
(
~
= n
~
Y
v?F (Tess) 1
~
0-~5,
20
~ ~ &
2
oio.
(
~
MHO)I{HTeJIb ~ ~ IIOABHJICSi B 3THX cpopMy.aax Ha TOM OCHOBBHHH, YTO rlpH
H3MepeHHH (~OTOTOKa 6epeTCSi pa3HOCTb jjByX OTC~IeTOB, Ka}K,IjbII3 H3 KOTOpbIX:
OTSIrOHZeH CpeZ[HeI3 OLiIH6KOI4 02g~, a MHON{HTeJIb Y n - IIOTOMy, ~ITO ~epeTCSI`.
Cpe1[Hee H3 n OTC~IeTOB.
BCB HpHBeJjeHHble BbIHIe paCCy}I{J~eHHR OTHOCRTCR K BBKVyMHbIM (~lOTO-
9JIeM2HTaM. B aCTpOCpOTOM2TpH~IeCKOI3 }K0 RpaKTHKe, B HOAaBJISIIOLIjeM ~O.ilb
LIIHHCTBe CJIyLIaeB IIpHXOj[HTCSI HMeTb J~eJ10 C ra30HOJIHbIMH C~OT03JIeMeHT3MH
(MbI H0 K8Ca2MCH ceKxac HIHpOKO BOHIe,TZHIHX B aCTpOCpOTOMeTpHIO Cp01'OyM-
xoxcHTe.ael3) .
0003HaLIaSI tIepe3 x K09(~C~HI~HeHT XapaKTepH3yIOH1,HI%I OTHOCHTedIbHOe~
B03paCT8HHe (pJIK)KTya1jHI3 rlpH HpHMeHEHHH ra30BOI'O yCHJIeHHH (3a CT3eT
?yAaplloK I30HH3aLjHH H T. II. [4]~'), M03KeM HaHHCflTb c,neRylouZee BblpaxieHHe.
A.nx cp,aloxTyagHH cpoTOTOxa s c,ny~Iae npHMexexxa rasosoro ycH.neHHR:
Sir = xFSi . (2I)?
-3Aecb SZ, xax H paxee., (p1tIOKTyaI~HA C~)OT09MHCCHH, a F -K03Cp(pHLjxeHT ra-
30BOP0 yCHJIeHHR.
I~ICXOI~SI H3 (`Z 1) , HMeeM ]~.IISI OTHOCFiTeJIbIi0I3 TO~IHOCTH H3MepeHHI3 CJIe--
I~yIOlijee BbIpa}KeHHe
sZr xFBi
vr= _ =xv,
2r Zr
T. e., KflK 3T0 H HerlOCpeJjCTBeHHO O~IeBHJ[HO, OTHOCHTeJIbHaSi cp~nloKTyagHx pa-
CTET IIpOIIOpIZI-iOHaJIbHO x?
He npeAcTas~txeT TpyAa riOKa3aTb, ~ITO B 3TOM C~Iyxae BM2CT0 cpopMyx'
(15) H (16) 6yAeM HMeTb c~IeAyrouC~H7e: ^/
ZMHH, f,T-x?8.10-9{' ZT, rr-', (22~,
(j, ..I'll, 1
z"MNH. r, T-x? S ? 1 O-a~ZT. I' F ~ ! (2,J~,
~tlesfl
I'JZe iT, r eCT6 y}Ke yCHJIeHHbII3 T2MHOBOI-i TOK.
Euze OJ~HHM CyH1,eCTBeHHbIM Hej[OCTaTKOM (pOT03JIeM2HTOB, KOTOpblI3 MO-
}KeT OTpa3HTbCSI Ha TO~IHOCTH H3MepeHHI3, a npH OTCyTCTBHH H2O~XOJ~Hb1bIX
Tlpe,l;OCTOp07KHOCTeI3, MO}KeT HpHBECTH H K CHCTeM8THY0CKHM OHIH~KflM, SIB-
1IxeTCa HepaBHOMepHOCTb B pacnpeAe~IeHHH ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH rt0 I[OBL'pX-
1 Kax noxasan LL[ T e x H is a (104], npx HeEonbmxx xosy ~HgxexTax rasosoro ycH-
,i12HNA OHO HB BHOCNT CICOJIbKO HH6}'I[b 3aMeT}IbIX p,OnOJIHHTeJ16Hb!X (]1JnOKTyaC[HH H MO)ICHO~
II071aC8T6 = 1.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
HOCTH (pOTOKBTOAa? KaK H3BeCTHO [14], KOJIB~aHHSI TIyBCTBHTBJIbHOCTH pa3-
JIHYHbIX TO~IeK KaTOJ~a MOryT ,T~OCTYIraTb 5O I3 Rax{e COJIee HpOI~eHTOB (C14i.
TflK3Ke ? 7).
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HbIX HCTOT-IHI3KOB I33JIyT38HI35I scerAa ~[OJI3I{HbI OCBe-
IIIaTbCSI OAHH H Te x{e '3aCTH IIO,BepXHOCTII (pOTOK2-
T O jt a. PTO C HeH3~e}KHOCTbK) Tpe6yeT HpI3MeH0HHSI B 3JIeKTpOCpOTOMeTpII-
ueCKI3X yCTaHOBKBX OIITI3LI2CKOI3 CXeMbI . HaN6alee coseplNexxblH TNN snexTpoMeTpa - s,nexTpoMerp t'ocpcpMaxa [69] -
He MOI' 6bIT6 HaMN NCIIOJIb30BdH, NOCKOJIbify 33-CM pe(~)JIeIfTOp He NMeeT He00XO,gNMOYF"`.
J(]IA 3TOC0 ONTN~IeCK03~1 CNCT0Mb1 Kyl[3.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
AHHapaTypa 2I
.. HCKJIIO~IaeT BJIHAHHe HeJIIIHeIiHOCTH XapaKTepHCTHKH ~jJIH JIK)6bIX 3HaueHHI%I
HO,i(BORHMOrO HOT2HLl;HaJta. CyILjeCTB2HHbIM HeZ,OCT2TKOM yCIIJII3TeJISI, HpH pa-
~OTe C KOTOpbIM 06bIUH0 HpHM2HSIeTCSi MOTOZ[ HOCTOSIHHOPO OTKJIOH2HHSI, SIB-
JISIeTCSI TO OOCTOSITeJIbCTBO, uT0 MepB,aHHe 3Be3J~ BbI3bIBaeT 60JIee HJIH McHe@
3HauHTeJIbHble (pJIIOKTyaL[HH OT6pOCa H3MepHTeJIbHOI'O Hpx6opa, 3aTpyAHxlo-
;. LI[He H3MepeHIISf H HOHH}KaIOIS);He HX 'rOUHOCTb. IIpH HpHMeHeHHH McTOZja 3apxA-
KH 91'H CpJIIOKI'yaLjHI3 HHTerpHpyIOTCSI. IIpaBAa, HpH HaJIHUHH CpOT09JI8M2HTa C
OueHb MaJIbIM TOMHOBbIM TOKOM, C yCHJIHTeJIeM TaK}Ke HpHMOHHM McTO,lj 3a-
pSIZjKH ~4g~, LITO AaeT KpOMe TOrO ,2);OHOJIHHTeJIbHOe HOBbIIH2HI3e iIyBCTBHTeJib-
HOCTH aHHapaTypbl. HO pa60Ta C yCHJIHTeJIeM HO 9TOM}~ M2TOJ~y 3HauHTeJIbHO
CJIO?I{Hee ueM C O~bITIIIb1NI OJIBKTpOMeTpOM, HOCKOJIbKy B 3TOM CJIyuaO Tpe6y-
? eTCx BecbMa TH>;areJlbxasl xoMHexcauHSl ceTOUxoro Toxa JIaMHbI. IlepeuHCJIeH-
HbINI FI OrpaHHUHBaIOTC$ IieijOCTaTKH yCHJIHTeJIA.
~JIeI{TpOCTBTHCTH~IeCKa4i 3aIL1,HTa H 3a3eMJI2HHe Z[OJI}KHbI ~bITb Oj[IIHaKOBO
IIaAe}I{IIbI B 060xx 'CJIyuaRX. Tpe~OBaHHSI K TOMHOBOMy TOKy (pOTOOJI0M2H1'a
HpKMepxo OjjHHaKOBbI HOCMOTpH Ha 60JIbIHyIO HpOHHKaIOHi,yK) CHOCOCHOCTb
yCHJIIiTeJISI. O6palil,eHHe C yCIiJIHTeJIeM HHCKOJIbKO He CJIO}KHee, a yc,noBHa
pa~OTbi C HHM 3HauHTeJIbHO yZ[O~Hee: Ha6JIIOjjeHHSi MOryT B0CTI3Cb B CBOTJIOM,
~OJIee TeHJIOM HOMeII),eHHH, HeHOJ~BI3}KHO H yAOCHO CHJ~HHjHM Ha6JIK),l);aTeJlebi.
HO BCe X{( rJIaBHbIM HpeI3MyII1,eCTBOM yCHJIHTeJISI SIBJISIeTCSI CyLL1,eCTB2HH0
~OJIbllIaA er0 tIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb.
Mbt OCTc1HOBHJII3Cb Ha OJ~IIOJIc1MHOB0II KOMH2HCaLjHOHHOI~ CXeA4e iI e H I3-
K a 188, B KOTOpOI~I yCTpaHSIIOTCSI HOMeXH OT CpJIK)KTyaII;HI~I H HOCTeH2HHOI'O
,'pa3pR}KeHIISI HHTafOti[eIi 6aTapeYI. ~pI3HL(HHHaJIbHaSI CYc^.14ta OTOI'O yCFiIIIt'Ie.IIR
HpIIBe1[eHa Ha pHC. 21. OCOGeHHOCTbIO ee ABJISIeTCSI HaJIHLIHe OAHOI3 e~[HHCTBeH-
IIOII ~aTapelI Up ~12-1~~ I3~, HHTaIOIi[eI3 BCe 3JI2M?H1'bl CXEMbI. I'aJlb$aHo-
I'ile7 () (r GKJtlOUeit B D40CTHK, O~pa3yeMbI1'I, C OT,jHOI3 CTODOHbI, COHpO'CIiB2IeHHSI-
MK LjC'illt c HOIja R,l H CerKH HpOCTpaHCTBeHHOPO 3apslua -Rs a c upyro>-
-~B1I\>'fpei-III:~MH COHpOTHBJIeHI35IMH JIaMHbI; HHTb H1KaJIa-aHO,~ i3 [IKTb h'aKaJIa-
-Ce7'Ka IipOCTpaHCTBeHHOI'O 3apx~a. ~aJ[eHHe HaHpR?KeHHSi Ha C~JHi?OTHBJIetII3H
RI HpH HpOXO}I{,1ZeHHH uepe3 Hero TOKa Z = 2f --~ Z:i ~- ZR O~eCHeuHBaeT HeO~I^
XO.i[YINIOe CMeLL[eHHe Ha yHpaBJISIIOLLjeII CeTKe. AHaJIOrHUHO, HaJ~eHHSI HaHpSi}Ke-
HF~ISI IIa COHpOTHBJIeHHSIX R~; H R2-R~~ o6ecneuHBaloT HoRauy Hanpxtl{exHx Ha
aHOJ~ H COTKy HpOCTpaHCTBeHHOI'O 3apxAa.
PaCUeT yCHJIHTeJISI, T. e. BCeX er0 COHpOTHBJIeHI3I3, a TaK}Ke He06XOA>'IMO-
r0 HaHpSI}KeHHSI HI'ITaIOIil;ei3 6a'rapeH COBepHI2HH0 9JIeMeHTapeH. ~TO.T pacueT
AocTa'rouxo HposecTH Z[JISI yCHJI13TeJISI, co6paxxoro Ho cxeMe pHC. 3, T, e. AJ~A
cJlyuax KorRa R'Z = 0. CHpeueJlexHe sxaueHHx R'2, cooTSe'rc'rsyloLuero
KONIH2HCaI(HH yCHJIHTEJISi K H3M0H2Hx5IM HaHpSI}KeHIISI HHTaK)ILI,eII 6aTapeI3,
HpOIi3BOj(HTCH, 3aTeM, ~IHCTO OHbITTibIM HyTeM.
HaM 3aJjaHbI HOpMaJIbHble pa6oTlHe sHaueHHSi HaHpSI?KeHHI~I vg, va, vs
H TOKa HaICaJIa Zf, JZJIft 9THX 3H8T-IeHI~III H3MepAIOTCH aHOj[HbIII H C2TOT-IHbIYI
TOK13 2n H 23 COOTBe'1'C'I'BeHHO, a TaK}Ke HaIIpSI?I{eHI3e HflKaJIa 41f. 3HaLIeHHe
R~ ~HJIH Ra) MO]I(e'1' 6b1'fb Bb16paH0 HpOH3BO,JIbHO. O~bILIHO er0 6epyT Ho-
' KaI{ 3J1,ECb, Ta[C II H Aa:fbHelillleM MbI C9nTaeM nOJIO}KI~ITeJIbHbIM HanpaBdteHHe
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 22 I',naBa nepBasl
pxAxa 5 -10 xr3rlooM. Heo6xoAr3MO onpeAerll3Tb vo, R,, R? R3 I3 Ra. DTCx~
.uenaeTCx B c.neAylou~ei3 noc.neAosaTerlbxocTH:
ve = v~ -{- RZit - i8R3,
oTxyRa
Rz =
v8 -}- i3R8 - of
if
- vg = (i f -}- is -}- is) Rl,
oTxylia - v9
Ri Zf~"~a+tis~
v0--v9~R2if'~'vf~v~r
rAe v3 HanpuxceHHe oAHOro ~.neMeHTa 6aTapeH vo.
va = vj-+-RZij-iaKa~
v~ -{- Raif - va
R; _
2j -}- 2a '{' Zk
HaAO HaI3TI3 TeRepb TBKOe 3Ha~IeHHO Rya, HpH KOTOpOM l1~~7~/dZ,O=~, T. e'm.
KorAa npH I33M2HeHHH TOKa H1KaJia B HBKOTOpbIX He60JibHIHX npeAe.nax_:
^~ 2-3 1VIa~ TOK B raJIbB2HOMETpe 6yAeT OCT2BaTbCR H8H3MeHHbIM. PTO I3'~
6yAeT 03HaLIaTb HaJIHLIHe KOMneHCaIiHH CXeMbI IIO OTHOIileHPIK? K I33MeH2HI3SINP i
xallpxxie~Ixx nHTalou~eH 6aTapeH vo .
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Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
AnnapaTypa
Co6pas corJlacxo xpoxsseAexxoro pac~IeTa cxenay c R'2 = 0, 6y1zeM
HMeTb 'GI{ _ ~~. ECJIH 3Ha~IeHHH HOCTaBJI2HHbIX COHpOTHBJIeHHIi He BHOJIHe
CTpOI'O COOTB2TCTByIOT paC~IeTy, TO raJIbB2HOMETp IIpI3BOZ[HTCSI Ha HyJtb He-
60JIbIIIHM I~i3MeHe~HH2M aHOJjHOPO COHp01'HBJIeHIdSi R,c. IIocJIe ~TOro, yMexb-
HIHB HpH xOMOLLZH peOCTaTa R3 TOK HaKaJia Ha He60JIbHIyK) BeJI13~IHHy^' 3 Ma,
OTC~IHTbIBaeM COOTBeTCTByIOHI,ee H3M2HeHHe TOKa raJlbBaHOM2Tpa i, 1G,~ Bep-
HVBHII3Cb K HOpMaJIbHOMy 3Ha~IeHHK) HaKaJIa, BBeReM H2KOTOpOe COTIpOTI'1BJIe-
HHe R 2, XOTSI ~bI COPJIaCHO CXeMB pIIC. `Z. I~pHBOJ~HM CHOBa raJIbBaHOMeTp Ha
HyJIb H3M2HRSI 3HaTIeHHe Rd? YMeHbHIax TOK HaKaJIa TO~IHO Ha Ty x{e CaMytO,
LITO K paHbHle, BeJIHLIHHy ~2j, OTCTIHTbIBaeM II3MeHeHxe TOKa B raJlbBaHOMe'I'?
p0 DYG2 ? J'IerKO BH~jeTb, TITO eCJII3 L~2G2 OTJlxidaeTCH HO 3H8Ky OT r12G,, TO
HaJ~O yM2HbHIH'rb R'a; eCJIx ?I{e OfG2 TOrO ?Ke 3HaKa LITO II ?2G, K ~~G2 C ~ZG,,
TO HeOCXOJ[xM0 yBeJIxLII~ITb R'2; eCJIx ?I{e 02G2 I'I 08G, OJ7HOI'O 3HaKa, HO
~ipz > Dia,, 'ro xeo6xo~xMO Hepex'rx K ~,pyro%I cxeMe, BKJIIO~IxB K'~ B uenb
C2TKx HpOCTpaHCTB2HFI0I'O 3ap5IJja H y?I{e JtJIH ~TOII CXeMbI Ha13Tx TaKOe
3HaLIeHxe R'? xpx I{O'1'OpOM I~I3ME:HeHHC HBI~ad"Ia yCI3JIHTeJISI He H3MeHHT
'fOI{1 B raJibBal-IOMeTpe?
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SiBJISIeTCA HeCKOJIbKO McHbxIaSI HX KpyTx3Ha HO CpaBHeHxK) C O~bILIHOIi CX2MOI3
yCxJIBHxSi xOCTOSIHHOPO TOKa C pa3j[eJlbxbIMx xCTOTIHHKaMx HxTaHxSI. PTO
xpOxCXOAI'IT H3 3a 06paTHOI3 CBSI3x T3epe3 COHpOTHBJI2Hxe ~~q IIO KOTOpOMy TlpO?
TeKaeT He TOJIbI{O TOK HflKaJIa Zf. HO x MOHHK)II~xIICSt Hpx pa60Te yCHJIxTeJIR
KaTOJ[HbII3 TOK ZA -' in -}- is? HaJIHLIYIe sT013 06paTxOK CBSI3H RBJISieTCA, C
Apyrot~ C'fOpOHbI, 6.IIarOHpxSITHbIM CpaKTOpOM, yJIyiIIIIaIOLLI,I3M IIpHMOJII3H2I3-
HOCTb XapaKTepxCTHKx x HeCKOJIbKO yJIyT3HIaK)HjxM CTa6xJIbHOCTb yCxJIHTeJISt,
HaFi,t[EM Bb]pa}Ke~Hxe AJIR KpyTx3HbI yCxJIHTeJISI
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9
orpaxx~IllBaslcb paccr~to'rpexxeM cJly~Iax xorAa R'2=0 (pxc. 3).
Cxa~IaJla xaxoAxM Bblpa~Kexxe uJlx Toxa, Texyu~ero ~tepes raJlbBaxomterp>
Ha OCHOBaHxx xpxHuxxa CyxepII03xB,xx TOKOB xMeeM:
Za = 2aG "}" ~u, v
tis = 2sG '}" 2s, i
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OTKy~I,a
IZaia, _ (RG -~- Rs) ZaG,
R$i~, _ (RG -f- Ra) isc>,
r,Za - sta
1G = 2aG ~ ZsG = -
RG -~- Ra -}- Rs
H, CJIej(OBaTeJIbHO, KpyTH3Ha yCxJIHTeJISI 6y,geT pasxa:
diG Ra dia/oL2'y - RsDdrsi gv~
SC = SZ'0 ~~_-RG -1 Rn '~ CAS ~
f24)
(25~
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 24
I'~laBa rlepBatr
TjCe CHMBOJIOM SVg MbI 0603Ha~IH.IIH HO,gB0j~0HHOe K yCHJIHTeJIK) BHeHIHee
Hanp SI3KeHHe.
~JISi nOJIyH2HHH OKOH~IaTeJIbHOi'O BbIpa3KeHHSI J.[JISI Sa Heo6X0JjHM0 Bbi-
pa3HTb 3Ha~IeHHSi npOH3BOJjHbIX di?l8vg H di8/~Jq ~Iepea napaMeTpbi ycl~I,nH-
TeJISI.
Rp
~O1IHbII~I ZjH(p(pepeHl(HaJI H3M0HeHI35i aHO~[H0I'O TOKa paBeH O~IeBHJ~H0
dia
dia = -- -- dvg -F- dZa dva = Sadvg -}- 1 dva, (26j
dvg dva X;a
rAe dvg ecTb n O .il x o e HaMenexl~e xanpxx{eHHx xa ynpaB,nsllou~eK ceTxe,
Sa-CTaTHCTH~IeCKaSI KpyTH3Ha aHOZ[HOI-I XapaKTepI3CTHKH, a Ria-BHyTpexxee
aHOJ~HOB COIIpOTHBJIeHHe JIaMnbI.
~OCKOJIbKy
dva = - R'adia,
(Ro -} Rs) Ra
Rl a - Ra -i-RB-}-Ra '
Ria $a ,
dia =-- --dvg = Sa dvg,
R a ~ ?Ria
Ria_
S'a = ~
R a -I- R,a Sa
ecTb, K2K H3B2CTH0, .I~HHBMH~IeCKaSI KpyTH3Ha aHOjIHOI3 XapaKTepHCTHKH.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
X27}
(28)
(29)
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
COBepIIIeHHO aH2JIOrH~IFIO HaXOJjIIM:
dis = S~4dv~,
(30
-JjHH3MH4eCKdR KpyTH3Ha XapaKTepI3CTHKH C2TKH IIpOCTpaHCTB2HHOI'O 3a-
paRa.
B {popNly.ny (28) BxoRi~T Ho,aHOe HsMexexHe xarlpxx{exHx Ha ynpaB,nxlo-
ui,eK ceTKe dv,,, cK,ilal~blsalGlueecsl xs HoABeAexxoro x cerxe Harlpxx{exHSI Sv
H HaJjeHHfl HaIIpfi3KeHHSI FIa COIIpOTI~IBJIeHHH Ri IIpH I33MeHeHHH KaTOJ~HOrO
TOKa
diA= di,~ -1- dis, (32)
BbI3B2HHOI'O UZ',J (JI,eFICTBHe 06paTHOI3 CBSi3H)
d v~ = dvn - R,d~,, ~ (33)
IIoAcTaB~Ixx B cpopNly,ny (28) Bblpax{exHx (30), (32) H (33) H pelllasl
::no.ny~eHFloe ypasxexHe oTHOCHTe.abxo ~laQ/bv,~ HaxoAHM:
S a
S `s
das/ov~= --- - ~ - ~ .
j -{- Ri (S a -F' S s~
I?IOACTaBJIF.SI HaII,i[eHHble 3HaTIeHHSI IIpOT-I3BOJ[HbIX B (25), IIOJIyTIaeM I3CKOMOe
BbIpa?KeHHe ~jJISI KpyTH3HbI yCHJIHTeJISI:
S~ ~ j ..t"Ri (S'a -~- S `s)] [Rr -~- Ra -{- Rs] ~ 34
II3 I{OTOp01'O HarJIAJ~HO B13J~H0 BdIHSIHHe 06paTHOI3 CBSI3H, yNIOHbHIaK)Hjee nprl
IIOJIO}F{HTeJIbHOM 3Ha~IeHHH CyMMbI S'n -E- g's (~ITO COOTBOTCTByeT OTpHIjaTe.IIb-
H013 06paTHOI-I CBA3H) KpyTI~I3Hy yCI~IJIHTe,TIA.
KpyTH3Ha yCHJIH'TeJISI OKa3blBaeTCSI T8K}Ke T2M McHbIIIOII, ZIeM 6o~Ibme
~conpoTHB,neHHe npHMexxeMOro ra.nbsaxoMeTpa. DTO HocneRHee o6cTOSITe.nb-
CTBO H80~XO,TjHMO I3MeTb B BHRy paCC~IHTbIBaSI H3M0HeHHSI ~IyBCTBHTe1IbHOCTi3
yCHJIHTBJIH HpH HIYHTI3pOBaHHH raJIbB8HOM8Tpa.
BbI~II~iCJIeHHble HO C~OpMyJIe (34) 3HaLI0HI~A KpyTH3HbI Sr OKa3bIBaK)TCR
/~JIH IipIIM2H2HHbIX HaM1~I 3JIeKTpOMETpH~IeCKI3X JIaMH Ha 30%p McHbHIe aHO,Ij-
HOI3 KpyTH3HbI 5,~, TITO npexpacFlo COI'JlaCyeTCSI C pe3yJIbTaTaMH HeIIOCpeJ~?
CTBeHHbIX H3MepeHHI~I.
yKa3aHHbII~I HOJ~OCTBTOK KOMHeHCaLj130HROI3 CXOMbI BIIOJIHe OKYIIaeTCH ee
IIpeKpaCHOI%I CTa~H1IbHOCTbIO, J~OHO,i[HHTeJIbHO yTIy~ILIIaeMOII HaJIHLIH2M OTpIILja-
TeJIbH013 06paTHOI3 CBSI3I~I, Ha LITO yx{e yKa3bIBaJIOCb BbILLIe.
Fii-teHIHHe HOMeXH, BbI3bIBaK)IIl,l'Ie H2CTaCHJIbHOCTb yCHJIHTBJIR, KaK HaHpH-
luep; BTIHSiHHe BFICLLIHHX 9JIeKTpOMarHYITFIbIX H 9JIeKTpOCTaTHCTHLIeCKHX HOJIeFi,
'Cb7r'GCTId, a T1K2I{e aTNIOCC~epHbIX AOHOB, j[OCTHraFOHjHX C2TKYI JIaMIIbI, yCTpa-
rIiS1FOTCfl TII1,aTeJ[bHe1~IIIIeyI JKpaI-II3pOBKOII BCerO yCH.TIYITe,IISI, a TaK}Ke OTKaTIKQII
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 26 rJlasa nepBasl
TOI3 ~IBCTH npH6opa, xoTOpaa coAepx{HT (~OT09JIeM2HT, 3JI2KTpOM2TpH1I2CKyf{k~
JIaMHy H ee ceTO~IHyIO genb. Heo6xo,gHMO Tc1K}Ke O~OpyJ~OBBTb I4CKpQraCI3Te-
d75IMH BCe HCTO~IHHKH HCI{p, paCIIOJIO}K2HHble IieJ~aJIeKO OT (~OTOMeTpa.
~OCKOJIbKy (~OT03JIeMeHTbI, KOTOpbIMH MbI pacnoJlaraJlH JjJISI BbIHOJLHe-
HHA H2CTOSILLjeI3 pa60TbI, 06JIa,t;aJIH j[OBOJIbHO 3Ha~IHTeJIbHbIMA TeMHOBbIMH TO-
KaMH, HflM He 6bIJI0 CMbICJia IIpHM2HfiTb ME',TOjj 3apSI,t;KH H MbI eCTeCTB2HH0,.
OCT3HOBHJIHCb Ha M2TOJje IIOCTOHHHOPO OTKJ[OHeHHH. IZpH pa60Te HO 3TO1VIy
M2TOJjy B I~eAb C~)O'P03JIeMeHTa, ROCJIej[OB2TeJIbHO C HHM, BBOJ~HTCSI COJtbii[Ol:
COHpOTIiBJI2HHe 1~ ~Cn~i. pIIC. 4, Ha KOTOpOM J~aHa CY2Ma BCeFI (~OTOOJIeKTpHUe--
cxoii ~IarrH yCTaHOBI{H~, na1[eHHe HBHpSI}KeHHA Ha 3TOM COIIpOTHBJIeHHII \,Z~9~s,
B03HHKaK)LL[ee HpH H3M2HeHHI3 (~OTOTOKa ,t, IIO,i[BOJ.[HTCFI K yCHJIHTeJIK) H BbI-
361BaeT H3M8H2HHe TOKa raJIbBaHOMeTpa c~2~. IlpeHe6perasl COBepHI2HH0 HHT3-
TO}KHbIMH H3MeH8HHSIMH CeTO~IHOrO TOKa ~-~+ 10-isa) HpH H3M2He1-~HH HaHpSI-
A{eHHH Ha C2TKe JIaMHbI Ha B2CbMa MaJIyK) BeJIH~IHHy .~Z~q I3MeeM:
'ia=SGD~g=RSQ~i, (35}
rue S,,, xaK H paxbvle, o6osxa~aeT xpyTHSHy ycHJIHTeJISI, AasaeMylo c~opMy-
;dION (3~). KpyTH3Ha SQ AJIA pa3JIH~IHbIX THIIOB 9JI0KTpOM2TpH~IeCKHX JIIMII KO--
JIe6JIeTCA B npeReJlax 20-80 Mxa/B.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
AnnapaTypa 2~ `
Toxosoe yct~JleHKe, uaBaeMOe yci~JIHTeJIeM HocTOSlHxoro ToKa, paaHxeTCSI
Ha OCHOBaHHH (3J}:
~aG 36 _..
nti J 0i ~ RSG (
T. e. HpOHOpII,HOHaJIbHO KpyTH3He yCHJIHTeJISi K BeJIHLIIIHe 6oJlbHZOro COHpO?
THBJIeHIIH, BKJIK)LIaeMOrO B I[eIlb (~OTOHJIeMeHTa. yBeJIYILI2HHe K03C~C~YII[13eIITa
TOKOBOPO yCHJIOHI?SA B03M0}KHO, CJIej10BaTeJIbHO, JIHC)O 3a CLIeT HOBbIH10HIISi Kpy-
TI33HbI yCIIJIYITeJIH, JIH60 3a CLIeT yBeJII~LIe~HHR COHpOTHBJIeHHSI R? ~ CO?I{adTe-
HHK), He06XOjjHMOC1'b OLIeIIb CHJIbHOPO HOHH}I{eHHR CeTOLIHOI'O TOKa B 3JIeKTpO-
METpHLIeCKHX JIaMHflX 3HaLIHTeJIbHO yMeHbltlaeT I3 I3X KpyT133Hy-HOLITH Ha
jj$a HOpSIj~Ka HO CpaBH2HHK) C 06bITIHbIMH yCHJIYITeJIbHbIMH paJ~I30JI1MI1aMIi;
3 3T0 COOTBe'rCTBP~HHO HOHI~}$aeT K KpyTH3Hy yCI3JIHTeJISi SG? ~~eOrpaHIILIeHHOe -
yBeJIHLI2HIIe yCHJIeHHH 3a CLIeT HOBbIHIeHHSI COHpOTIIBJIeHHSi R TaK}I{e HEB03--
MO}I{HO, HOCKOJIbKy 3T0 B.TIeLI2T 3a COCOI?I yBeJIHLIeHHe HOCTOSIHHOI3 Bpel\4eIII3
yCHJIHTeJISi ~. ~'ra HOCJIej1,HHSI BeJIHLIHHa paBHa HpOH3BejjeHHIO RG, rue C
eMKOCTb BXOj[a yC1~IJIHTeJIA, T. e. CpOT09JIeMeHTa, JI2MHbI H COejZHHSIIOH~IIX HX
HposoAos [41]. IIoc'roxxxasl speMexH onpejzeJlsleT BpeMSI ycTaxoBJleHHx cTa-
uHOxapxoro pex{HMa B ycHJII~Te.ne HocJle Mrxosexxoro HsMexexi~x ecseHr,exxR
cpoTOSJIeMexTa. ZjeHCTBHTeJIbxo, HocJle MrxosexxoK HojiaLlH xanpslx{exHSI vo
Ha BxoA ycHJIHTe,rISI, HapacTaxxe Hanpxx{exHSI Ha ce'rKe JIaMHbI 6yjleT HpoHC~
xoj~HTb Hoc'renexxo, cor,nacxo saxoxy
a cnajzaxxe xanpslx{eHHSI Hoc.ne Mrxosexxoro sbIxJIIOLIexHSI Hanpsltl{eHxR-
B COOTBOTCTBHH C cpopMyJloH
KaK BHj~HO H3 9TI3X BbIpa}KeHHII, OKOHLIaTeJIbI-IOe 3HaLI2HH8 IIOTeHL~I3aJIa yCTa-- -
HaBJIHBaeTCSi C TOLIHOCTbIO j~0 ~,1~/p LIepe3 HpOMe?I{yTOK BpeM2HH t ~' 7j2C.
OLI2BI?Ij;HO, LITO HpH HepHOjie BKJIIOLIeHHOI'O B yCHJIHTeJIb raJIbBaHOM2Tpa McHb- -
HIeM, LIOM 7RG, BpeMSI er0 yCTc1HOBKH 6yjzeT HpaKTI~ILIeCKH OHpejLeJIRTbCSI IIO-
CTOHHHOI3 BpeMeHH.
EMKOCTb BXOjja yCHJIHTOJISI C O~bILIHO HMeeT HOpAj[OK 10-11 c~apajt, .
TaKHM O~pa30M HpH R, paBHOM ~ ? 5. 1011 OM BpeMH OTCLI2Ta raJlbBaHO-
McTpa He HpeB3013j~eT eHZe 2~ CeI{. O6bILIHO R 6epeTCSI HOpHj[Ka
5 ? l0'~ - 1 ?1011 OM, LITO j{aeT HpH ICpyTH3He yCHJIHTeJISI B 30 MKa`B TOKO-
BOe yCHJIeHHe HOpSIj[Ka i ? $-3.0. 106 pa3. ,AaJIbHeI~IHIee HOB?>TIH2HHe 'r0--
KOB01%I LIyBCTBHI'eJIUHOCTH 1'pe6yeT yx{e HeI~i1'paJlYi3aIjHH BXOjTH013 e14KOCTH
ycHnH'reJls3 [77, 71, 53~.
PaHbHIe LIOM 06paTHTbCSI K j~eTa,TIbIIOMy paCCMOTpeHHK) HaHIerQ yCHJIHTe-
JIH, OCTaHOBI3MCSi Ha HeKOTOpbIX CBOI~ICTBiIX yCHJIHTeJIeI~ HOCTOSIHHOPO TOKa,
I3MeK)LL[HX HpHHIjI~IHHaJIbHOe 3HaLICHHe.
MbI OTMeLIaJIFI y?I{0 BbIHIe, LITO BHeHIHHe HOMeX13 MOryT 6bITb yCTpaHeHbl
COOTB6TCTByK)HjHMH 3aH~HTHbIMI?I MepaMH. HO H HO yCTpaH2HHH BHOHIHHX HO?
M2X OCTBIOTCH H2A36e}I{Hble IIOMeXkI OT (~JIIOKTyaI(~II%I HaHpSi}K2HI~SI B QOJIbll10117~.: ?
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 ~8 I'naaa rlepBaR
'~OIIpOTHBJIeHI3H R ~9(~C~eKT ,L~ }K O H C O H a), JjpO~OBOrO 9(pCpeKTa aHOJjHOtO
TOKa H TOKa CBTKH IIpOCTpaHCTB2HHOI'O 3apslAa s,aeKTpOMeTpHTIeCKOI3 JIaMHbI,
a T8K3Ke 3(~(peKTa MepljaHHSi TepM03MHCCHH ee K3TOjja. H0 OCTflH2BJIHBaHCb
Ha paCCMOTpeHHH BCeX 3THX XOpOHIO H3BECTHbIX H H3y~IeHHbIX 9C~C~eKTOB ~5~,
yxaxceM TOJIbKO, ~ITO OHH HpHBORxT K pe3yJIbTHpyIOIIjHM (~IdIIOKTyauHSIM B
rBbIXO,i;HOkI L(eIII3 yCHJIHTe1ISi HaLIIerO THHa, 3KBHB8JIeHTHbIM I~JIIOKTyaIjHSiM Ha
=~yllpaBJIAIOIIlei-I C2TKe (Sv,~) IIOpHj[Ka HOCKOJIbKHX J~eCSITKOB MHKpOBOJIbT, B
~Cpe,i[H2M OKOJIO .3 ? 10_g B [$1], rjOjjgepKH2M, TITO 9T0 HOCJIeJ~Hee 3Ha~ieHHe AaeT
-JIHHIb rpy6ylo ouexxy HOpxRKa paCCMBTpHBaeMbIX , Be:IIH~IHHa KOTOpbIX 3aBHCHT OT HeplloRa HpHMexsleMOro raJIbBaxo-
'MeTpa~ y6bIBaH c ero B03paCTaHHOM.
FSt',.I[HYHHa 9KBHBaJIeHTHbIX CpJIK)KTyaI[HI-i OIIpeZ[eJISieT K8K MHHHMaJIbHOe
HaHpH3f{elIlfe, erne I33MepHMOe C Z[aHHbIM yCHJIHTedIeM, T3K H er0 MaKCAMaJIb-
HyK) HOJIe3HyK) ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb, HTTH BbIHIe KOTOpOI3 He HMeeT HHK3KOr0
IIOJ~ MHHHMaJIbHbIM H3MepHMb[M HaHp;xxiexHeM MbI~
IIOHHMaeM BeJIH~IHHy
v~,HH = 20 Svg, (39)
aHpe,I~eJISICMyK) H3 TeX 0005pa?I{eHHI3, ~IT06bI HpH ~IeTbIpeXKpaTHOM H3MepeHHI3
~HOT2HL(HaJIa Z1 ~HOpMaJIbHOe ~IHCJIO I33MepeHHI3 B 06bI~iHOM 3JI0KTpOCpOTO-
MNH
M2TpH~IeCKOM Ha~JIK)j[eHHH~ Cpe,i[HRSI OHIH6Ka Oj[HOPO Ha6JIIOJ~eHI3H BeJIH~II4IIbI
vMNH COCT2BdIAJIa 6bI O.5 FJUry HJIH 2,5~~p OT vn~HH ~ = O"'~025], ~ITO SIBJISieTCR
`~IaI3ivIeHbll[eI3 ,i[OHyCTHMOI3 TOtIHOCTbK) 9JIQKTpOCpOTOMeTpHzIeCKHX H3Mepelfilll
,IjJISI HaH60JIe8 CJIa6bIX 3Be3Jj H ~ITO HflXO,1~HTCSI B COOTB2TCTBHH C OHpe,Tl;eJIe~HHeM
IIOJIe3HOI-I ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH CpOT09JI0M2HTa B ? 2.
IIOI~ HOJIe3H0I%I BO,JIbT.OBOIi YyBCTBHTeJIbHOCT]b K)
.y C H ,TI H T e JI R ~H, N H3MepAeMOH B ]~eJIeHHAX Ha BOTIbT, MbI HOHHMaeM TaKOe
3Ha~IeHHe B01IbTOBOI3 ~IyBCTBFITeJIbHOCTH, HpH KOTOpOM 3KBI38aJIeHTHble i]IJIIOK-
~Tyauxx 'SU,~ COOTBeTCTByK)T O,IjHOMy J~eJIeHH10 IIiKaJIbI raJlbBaHOM2Tpa. CO-
rJIaCHO 9TOMy OHpeZ[eJIeHHK):
6H, R -- C ..~~.
Sv9 Svc
(40~
KaK JIerKO BHj[eTb, j[aJlbxel=Ililee yBellx9exlle 130JIbTOBOII ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHO-
"CTH yCHJIHTe.I[R
6s - S(~ a4~
`(rzte SG-KpyTH3Ha VCHJIHTeJISi B MKa/B, a o'~~ ~IyBCTBHTe1IbHOCTb ra,nbsa-
HOME?Tpa B JXeJI~MKa~, JIerKO OCyHjeCTBHMOe IIOCpe,IjCTBOM HOBbIHI2HHSi TIyBCT-
BHTe.R6HOCTH raJIbB8HOM2Tpa, He HMeeT' HHKflKOPO CMbICJIa. IIpH yBeJIHY2HL:H
"OT~pOCa 6yAeT HpOIIOpI[HOHaJIbHO yBeJIH~IHBaTbCH H HeTO~IHOCTb ero oTCUema.
KpOMe TOrO, HpH ~OJIbHIHX (p,JIK)KTyaI(HSIX HOKa3aHHK raJIbBc1HOM2Tpa
'~S7t ~ 1 J~eJI) CHJIbHO 3aTpyJ~HSIeTCSI H CaM HpOI;eCC OTC~IeTa er0 IIOKa3aHHII.
I70CMOTpHM KdKOI%I HO SIZ[OK HMeK)T
p vMNH H 6H, R HpH 3Ha~IexxH
va = 3.10_5 B.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
AnTLapaTypa 2~"
~JIfi MHxHMaJlbxoro HsMepl3MOro xanpslx{exl3sl xaxoRlalvl
vMHx = 6.10_4 B,
tITO, xpH COHpOTHBJIeHHH x, paBHOM 1 ? l Qll OM, COOTB2TCTByeT MIIHHM3TIb-
HOMy I33MepHMOMy TOICy 6 ? 1 v -1' a. 1'13 COHOCTBBJIeHI35i 9TOI'O 3HaueHYISI, ?OL'?
paHH~IHBaeMOI'O yC13JIH'I'eJIeM,-c M13HHMaJIbHO H3MepI3MbIM CpOTOTOKOM, Or--
paHI3uHBaeMbIM eCT2CTB2HHbIMH C~)JIK)K'fyaljIIHMH TepMOI30HHOI'O TeMHOBOrO
TOKa ((~OpNIyJIa ~ 15) ~ , BFIJ~HO, ~ITO paCCNIaTpHBa2MbI1~ TI3n yCI3JIHTeJIS1 He MO-
7KeT I3CLIepnaTb BCe13 nOJIe3HOYI YyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH HaI3JIy~IT7IHX THROB (~)OTO-
3JIeM2HTOB. PTO CnpaBeJjJI1~B0 He TOJIbKO HO OTHOLH2HHK) I{ peKOp,i[HbIM 3K3eM-
nJISTpaM CpOT03JI2M2HTOB, y KOTOpbIX T2MHOBble TOKH naJ~aIOT J~O 3Ha~IeHHii'
?~ 10-17 a [96], HO n n0 OTHOLHe~HIIIO K 06bILIHbIM XOpOLHHM (~)OT03JI2MeHT8M'~
IIpIiM0HSI2MOr0 B aCTp0I~0'fOMe~TpHH TI3na, y KOTOpbIX TepMOHOHHble T2NIHOBble
TOKH HMefOT nOp511[OK 1 O-1' - 1 O -lei a. KaK BHJjHO H3 CpOpMyJIbI ~ 15),
MHHHMaJIbHble H3MepHMble (~OTOTOKH 6yRyT B 3TOM cJlyxae pasxbi
2 ? t 0-16 - 8.10-16 a. RJIx nOJIHOueHHOrO 13CnOJIb30BaHHST nOj~O~HbIX C~OTO-
c3a`I2MeHTOB H2O6XOJ_jHMO npHMeH2HHe Cnel),I3aJIbHbIX H3MepHTeJIbxbIX CXCM C
BbICOKOI3 IIOJIe3x0i-I ~IyBCTBHT2JIbHOCTbIO ~71~}
OTMeTHM B CBH3H C 3TIdM, LITO HpI{NI2HHeMble B COBpeM2HHbIX 3Be3J~HbIX
9JIeKTpO(~OTOM2TpaX I~OTOyMHO?KHTeJII3 06JIaJjaK)T HICTOJIbKO 3xaTIHTeJIbHbI1Vi
BHyTpeHHHM yCH.TIeHH2M CpOTOTOKa, LITO B CO~IeTaHHH C HHIVIH MO}KHO IIOJIb90-
~aTbCSI BOCbMa He3xa~IHTeJIbHbIM BHeLHHFIM yCHJIeHHe16I, He BHOCSTHjI3M HkIKa---
KITX J~OHOJ[HI3T2JIbxbIX HOM2X. B 9TOM CJIy~Iae 133MepHTeTIbHaSI CXeMa n03BOJIH?
eT 13C~IepIIaTb IIOJIHOCTbIO BCIO HOJIe3HyI0 ~iyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb CpOTOyMHO}KI~TeJIR,_
KOTOpaH B XOpOHII3X T13naX yMHO}KI3TeJIeI3 .TIIIIHb He3HauI3TeJIbHO McHblile IIO-
JIe3HOI3 TIyBCTBI3TeJIbHOCTH HX (~OTOKaTOJja. B 9TOM II JIe?KHT npr~I~Hxa 60JIb-
HIOII npoxHualOHzeH cnoco6xocTH cospeMexxoH annapaTypbl, npl3Mexs~IOLue~I?
I~OTO)7Mi301IiHTeJII3, a He ra30HOJIHble CpOT03JIeM2HTbI B CO~IeT8HI31'I C yCHJIHTe-
JISiNIId nOCTOAHHOI'O TOKa O~b1~IHOI'O THHa.
A,,1TS; M2KCHMa.TIbHOI?I nOJIP.9HO~I BOJIbTOB0I3 T3yBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH yCHJIHTeJ15?
no,nyLlaeM, npH Sv,~ =- 3.10 ~' ~;:
6g r - 33 000 ,~,eJi~B.
OTCIOJja BYIJZHO, 4T0 KOI'J[a, KaK HanpIaMep K p O H O M [74], yKa3bIBaJIOCb.
3HaLI0ITHe BOJIbTOBOI?i ~IyBCTBT~ITe,AbS30CTI~I yCHJIIITOJIA B 168000 ,~eJI/B rlpH
S9q~.4. 1O-'~, TO TaKOe yKa3aHHe MOI'JIO npIIB2CTH TOJIbKO K J(e30pN2HTI~pOBKe,,
COBepIH2HH0 He XBpaI{TepN3ySI n0 CyLTjeCTBy jjaHHOI'O yCI~JInTeJIST, J_jJISI KOTOpO?:-
r0, nCXOJ~ft N3 yKa3IlIIHOI'O 3HaLI2HI~H ,ijJISI CpJITOKTyaul'IH, HaXOJ~I~M:
6? n - 25000 zrer~~B.
~1BJISI21'CSI COB2pIH2HH0 OLI2BFIJI,HbIM, TITO IIpH ~IyBCTBnTeJIbIIOCTfl F:
168000 J~2.II/B 9.TI2KTp0(~)OTOM2Tp C nOJjOOHbINI yCIIJIHT0JI2M npaKTH~IeCKIT HH-
I{OI'Aa pa~OTilTb He 6VA2T, a eCJIH n hVZj2T, TO 629 BCSIKOI'O BbIHrpbIHIa n0
cpasxexHlo c xyacTBr~'r2JlbxocTblo B 25000 A2JI/s.
IIepeI3I~eN1 'renepb x paccNloTpexl~Ilo ypasxexxa slpxocTH, BosxHKaloutera
B CJIyuaO H2JIFTH2I~IIIOCTI3 XapaT{T2pi{CTLIKH yCHJII3T2JISI.
~Ty XapaKTepIICTI~iKy, J~aIOLIj~/IO 3aBIICLIMOCTb M2?Kjl,y OTbpOCOM raJIbBa-
HOM2Tpa =~f1 H HOJ~Be1j2HHbIM K VCI3JIHT2JII0 HaHp5I3KeHIIeN1 ::O71n, M03KH0 C.?
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 30 PJlasa nepsax
I~IC~IepHblBaloluei~ To~HOCTbIO npe,gcTaBl~Tb a paCoYeI3 ee o6.nacTH ypasxexxeyl:
0n = a'BQvy -f- ciQv9 = a8~vy(1 -}- cQva)~ (41)
~'rAe QB--80JIbTOBaH ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb yCHJIHTeJISI j[JISI pa60~ex TOTIKI3 Xa-
.:paKTepHGTHKH (HpH Qvn ~ 0), a C-H2KOTOpax HOCTOSIHHaSi (C < 1), Orlpe-
Ae,aRK)HZax KpyTH3Hy XapaKTepHCTHKI3 yCI3JIHTeJISi.
B c.ny~Iae CO~JIIOjjeHHA npOIIOpuHOHa.1IbHOCTH tpOTOTOKOB H3Mep5ieNIbI1VI
CBeTOBbiM IIOTOKaM y HpHMOHfieMOI'O C~OT09JIeMeHTa H CTpOI'OII OMHT3HOCTH
,BXOj[HOPO COHpOTHBJIeHHSI yCHJIHTeJISI (OTCyTCTBHe IIOJIHpH3aIjHOHHbIX RB.ae-
IiHI3), IIO,gB0,1{HMble HaHpSIN{eHHSi ~yRyT CTpOPO npOHOpuHOHaJIbHbI ,T;eIICTByIO-
IIjHM CB2TOBbIM HOTOKaM H HOOTOMy Ha6J[K)j[eHHbII-I IjBeTOBOII 3KBHBad'IeHT
3Be3J~[bI (C) O~IeBH,gHO 6yAeT paBeH:
C = - 2.5 log Qv91, (42)
Ovya
'=I',l;P Qvgt H Qv,~, COOTBeTCTByeT JjBYM IIpHM8H5ieNIbI1VI CB2TOC~HJIbTpaM.
rlpa$TH~IeCKH I[BeTOBOI3 3KBHBaJIeHT BbI~IHC.TISIeTCH HO cpopMy,ae
~n
C' _ - 2.51og i , (43)
Qn2
rRe Qnl H Qnz - oT6pocbl raJlbsaxoMeTpa, cooTBeTCTSyIOU~He Qv91 H Qvga
(MbI IIpeJ~ROJIaraeM, KOHeTiHO, LITO K8K Qvpl H Q71ga, Tax Qn1 H pn2, HcnpaB-
atexbt yxce sa scpcpeKT cpoxa He6a).
110JIb3yACb COOTHOHIeHH2M (41), HMeeM:
DC = C - C' _ - 2.51og 1 + cQvss ?
1 -+- cQvni
BBHRy MaalocTH G x HoRaBHOH MaJIOCTH cQvg, HaxoAHM, pasJlarax In (1 ~.-cQvy,)
B px,q H BBORx o~esHAHble yrlpoH~eHHSI, crleRyloH~ee Bblpaxcexxe Arla QC
(BbIpa%pHHOrO B 3Be3,gHbIX B2JIH~IHHBX):
DC= - 1.086 cQvga C1 _ Qveil ~I _ 1 CQvD1 1. (44)
l wszJ 2 J
? PTO ypasxeHHe-ypasxeHHe xpxocTl3 ycH.nHTensl, AaloH~ee nollpasxy x onpe-
.I[e1IeHHOMy COPJI8CH0 ypaBH2HHK) (43) I[BCTOBOMy 3KBHBa.rleHTy, 3aBHCHT K3K
OT SIpKOCTN 3Be3J~bI (ti Q7J ) ~
92 , T8K H OT e0 Ha61IIOZ[eHHOtO IZBeTa ti Qvp9/
BBFi,t[j- MaJIOCTH CQv91 YJIeH BO BTOpOI3 CKO~Ke BIIOJIHe MO}KHO IIOJIO}KIiTb
paBllbIhl eAHHHIje H rIOJIb30B8TbCSI y p a B H e H H e M R p K 0 C T H y C H-
JI H T e JI R B CJIe]~yK)H);eM OTIeHb IIpOCTOM BHJ.[e:
QC = - 1.086 cQv,,2 11- QJ~t J? (45)
~1vga
K09(~(~HL[HC'HT c OHpeJ~eJISIeTCSI H3 XapaKTepHCTI3KH yCHJIHTeJISt. KaK BHAHO
H3 ypaBHeHHx (45), Ilonpasxa K IZBeTOBOMy 3KBHBaJIeHTy IIpOHOpI[HOHaJIbH3
CB2TOBbIM IIOTOKBM OT 3Be3z[. OHa paBHxeTCSI Hy.AIO JjJISI I(BETOBOI'O 3KBHBaJIeH-
ra, paBxoro Hy,nlo (av.7,=Qvnl)?
EHze OAHHM HCTOYHHKOIGI ypaBHeHHx HpKOCTH B 3Be3J.[HOM 9JI0KTp0(~OTO-
McTpe MO1K8T 6bITb HOJIHpH3aL~HR 60.nbHlOro BXOj[HOTO COHPOTI3BJIeHHA k, Aalo-
Iuax 3aBHCI3MOCTb 3Cp(peKTHBHOrO 3HaTI2HHA 9TOr0 COIIpOTHBJI2HHH OT IIpOXO-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
AilrlapaTypa
?~slil(er0 ~iepe3 Hero Toxa. O~Haxo B o~'oM c;eHlix 6auIHH 33-cM pecpnexTOpa. OTCUeT eta
nOKa3aHHI3 Be,I~eTCH n0 MOTO,i[y LLIKaJIbI H Tpy()bI. BIKdJIa paCIIOJiO}I{eHa Hai
1.5 M.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
AIIitapaTypa 33
BCe 3KpaIIbI TLLjaTeJIbHO 3a3eMJIe~HbI, paBHO KaK KOpnyC I~OTOMeTpa n B2Cb
pecp~IexTOp:
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TeJITi McHfIeTCH IIOCpej[CTBOM IIIyHTHpOBaH13A raJlbBaHOM2Tpa. IIO~TOMy ~IyB-
CTBHTeJIbHOCTb yCHJIHTeJIH npHHHTO y H2C 0603HaTiaTb Apo6blo "Rm~ ~~ ", r,I[8,
KaK MbI HOMHI3M (pHC. 4), R conpoTHS.ne~xHe nIYHTa, a R~ -AOIIOdIHHTB.Iib~
H08 COIIpOTHBJIeHHe. "~~O" OYeBH,IjHO COOTBBTCTByeT HOJIHOI3 (lUI1KCHMaJIbHOI~l~
~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTI3.
B Ta~JIHI~e III IIpnBe,l(eHbI 3Ha~leHHA BOJIbTOBOI3 ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH yCHJIH-
TeJISi j[JIH pa3JIHLiHbIX 3Ha~IeHHI3 IiIyHTHpOBKH raJIbBBHOMeTpa._B nepBOI3 rpacpe
AaHO 0603Ha~IeHHe ~IyBCTBHTet1IbHOCTH (R,~/Ra), BO BTOpOI3-BOJIbTOBaSI ~IyB-
CTBI3Te?JIbHOCTb 6g, B TpeTbei3-K03(p(pHL[H2HT IIIyHTFIpOBaHPIA.
0003Hfl48HHe T{yBCTBH-
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m / 0
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ILjH OnHCaHHOI'O BbIIIIe rpaZjyl3pOBO~IHOI'O HpHCHOCOC)JIeHHSI. ,~aHHble Ta~JIHIjbI
III OTHOCSITCH K HOpMaJIbHOMy H8Ka1Iy JIaMIIbI yCHJIATeJISI (270 Ma).
~JIH OnpBj~eJIeHHR MflKCHMaJIbHOI3 nO.TIe3HOI3 BOJIbTOBOI%I ~IyBCTBHTe,TIbHO-
CTI3 yCI3JIHTeJISi H 3HaTIeHHSi MHHHMaJIbHOPO I33MepHMOI'O C HHM HaHpSi}KeHHSI
6bIJIH npOH3BeJjeHbI Ha6JIK)JjeHHSI CTaCI31IbHOCTH npH ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTI3
500/30001. Z[.irx orlpeAealexHx ~v~ -~xsxBa.rreHTxblx cp.rlloxTyauHx Hanpx-
}KeHI35i Ha BXOJje yCHJIHTeJISI ,i[OCTITO~IHO OIIpeAeJIHTb CpJIK)KTyaIZHH OTCT3eTa
raJIbBflHONIelfpa F)Yl. TOr.ga OTieBHjjHO:
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IIpHHSITbII3 H1MH H j~JIH T2KyII~erO KOHTpOJISI CTa6HTIbHOCTH yCHJII3Te.TISI. Llepes
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raJlbBi1HOM2Tpa. IZOjjO~Hble Ha~.1IK),i[eHI35I Be,II,yTCH B TeT3eHHe HeCKOJIbKHX MII-~
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 HYT H 3aTP,M HaHOCHTCH Ha PpaEpHK. OIIbIT IIOKasbIBaeT, YTO BBHAy 3HaYHTedlb-
HOI'O IIepHOJja PaJIbB3HOMeTpa XapaKTep IpJIK)KTyaIjHI3 eP0 OTCYeTa IIepe,gaeTCfl
BP,CbMa TOYHO. Ha pIIC. 5 IIpIIBe,IZeH IIpHMep IIO,g06HOt0 Ha~JIIOj[eHHSI, K2K IIpH
AaBJIeHHH B xopnyce CiIOTOME',Tpa ~-10_2DIDI(KpHBble a H 6), TaK H IIpI3 HOp-
MaJIbHOM aTMOCC~epHOM ,i(aBJIeHHH (KpI3B3R B). MbI BHJ~HM, LITO 3B8KyHpOBKa,
OCyLL[eCTB.TISIeMaR JIO 10-2,[tityME',HbITIaeT E~JIIOKTyaIjHI3 IIpH1VIepHO B 2,5 pa3a,
"fOI',ga Kc1K y H T `i' O p j[ HallIe.n IIpH1VIepHO TpHHaj[IjaTHKpaTHOe 3HaYeHHe Jj.TISI
3TOI'O yMeHbI1SeHIISI [106]. Ha OCHOB2HHH GOJIbIIIHX pSI,l[OB IIOjjOGHbIX HaGJIIO-
~IjeHHI3 HaMH 6bIJI0 IIOJIyYeHO C,neAyloluee CpeAHee 3HaYeHHe RJISI 3KBHBaJIeHT-
HbIX CpJIIOKTyaIZHI%I Ha BXOAe HaITlePO yCHJIATeJIH:
dvQ = 3.4.10--~ B,
OTKyJ~a HOMP,,gJIE',HHO IIO (pOpMyJIaM (39) H (4O) HBXOj[HM 3HaYeHI3SI J~JIx MHH.I'i-
MaJIbHOPO H3MepHMOTO HaIIpSI3KeHHH:
vntxtt=~'U'10_4B'--~_-'7?10_4B~
-H A1ISi MBKCHMaJIbHOI?I IIOJIe3HOI3 BOJIbTOBOI3 YyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH:
Qa, ~ = 29000 Ren/B.
MbI BI-IJ~HM, CJIE?J~OBaTE?JIbHO, ~ITO HE' I31GIeelP CNIbICJIa HCIIOJIb30BaTb IIOJIHyfO
LIyBC7BHTeTIbHOCTb HaIIIeI.O yCHJIHTeJISt, paBHylo 66800 Aen/B. MaxcHMa,at:?Flgi:
paGOileI3 YyBCTB13TeJIbHOCTbK) RBJISiJIdCb y H8C ,. KOTOp0I3 COOTBOT?
CTByeT BOJIbTOBaSi YyBCTBHTe1IbHOCTb 66 = 25700 ~e.n/B. I'IcxoAst Hs xaHAeHxorEi
3Ita9P,HHSI JjJISI MHHIIMaJIbHOI'O H3MepHMOI'O HaIIpH}KeHHSI HBXOJ~I3M, YTO IIpII
3HaLIeHHI?I BXOZ(HOPO COIIpOTI3BJIeHHSI R = 5.4 ? l Old OM IVII?iIIANIaJIbHbII3,. I33MepH-
Iti1bIi3 C jlaHHbIM yCI-IJIHTe.TIeM C~OTOTOK paBHSieTCSI 1 ? 3 ? 10-14 d.
Ha OCHOBBHHH H3JI0}KeHHOI'0, a T2K}Ke aHaJIH3a AaHHbIX Apyrl3x aBTO-
pos [74, 106, lOl], HaM Ka}KeTCSI IIpaBI3JIbHbIM IIpHHSITb B Cpe,T~HE',M J~JISI IIOJIe3-
HOI3 BOd1bTOBOI3 YyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH 3JIeKTpOMP,TpHYeCKHX yCHJII3Tl~TIeI3 paCCn40T-
pC'HHOI'O THIIa 3HaYeHHe IIOpH,i[Ka 30000 Ae.n/B, YTO XOpOLiIO COPJIaCyeTCB 'I C
,gaHHbIMI3 M a K u o H a .R b J[ a ~81~. H3 COIIOCTaBJIeHI?ISi C (~OpMyTI0I3 (15) eluE~
,pas y6e}KRaeMCx, YTO IIpH IIpHMexeHHH uocTaTOYxo Xopoulero E~oTOS.neMeHTa
C yCHJIIITe11eM IIOCTOHHHOI'0 TOKa IIOJIe3HaSi YyBCTBI3TeTIbHOCTb 9JIeKTpOC~)OTO-
;YleTpa OI'paHIiTIIiBaE3TCSI He l~OT03JIE',1VIeHTOM, a yCI3JIHTE'.JIP,M.
BepHE',MCSI K HaTIIeMy yCHJIHTeJIK). OIIpeltealeHHe Ot0 XapaKTe~JHCTHKFI ~Ftd~~
IIpC:I33BeZjeHO IIpH IIByX YySCTBI3TeJIbHOCTSIX lOO/3000 H 500/3000. DTO no:sB.~-
JIIiJ10, peuyuxposaB Bce Ha6JIK)jjeHHx K YyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH 500/3000, IIE;p~-
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
AnrlapaTypa 35
? RpblTb BBCb pa6oui~z~ Al~anasox BXO~jHbIX HoTexi>;I~aJIOB. IIoJlyuexxax xapa;i-
"I'CpI3CTHKa npxseRexa Ha pxc. 6. Ha rJlas nouTH H0 3a1VI2THbI yKJIOH@HHSi ~T
?pFivIOJIHHeYiHOCTH. OZjHaKO npegCTaBJIeHIIe 9TOI3 XapaKTepYICTI3KI3 HpH IIOif!TO-
Iqi~ C~OpMy,IIbI (42) , BbIQOJIH0HII0e M2TOAOM xaF-IMeHbuIII$ KBaJ~paTOB, J.~aelr
;`-EIIO,IIIiB peaJlbHyK) Ki7ABH3Hy, a I~IMeHHO:
QnSOO = 8583 pv - 800 pvz = 8583 ? pv ? (1 - 0.093 L1v) (48~
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f.I!IIeM CpHJIbTpaX.
BBHAy H03HauHTeJIbIIOCTH nOIIpaBOK BIIOJIHe 3aKOHHO IICJIO}KHTb B x(49);
.Ova/~v?~= ~n~/~n,~,. TorRa Ha ocxosaxHH (49) Ho.nyuaeM rpacpl~x AJIa oueHb
yAo6xoro yueTa ypaBHeHHSI SIpKOCTH yCHJII3TeJI5I (pr3C. 7). TOT rpaCpHK nOCT-
p: ~H TaKHM O~pa30M, LITO BXO,I[SI B BepXHK)IO er0 uaCTb CO 3HaueHYIEM OTCp~.:a
B ?I#eJITOM (pI3JIbTpe, HflXOJjHM (JjJISI COOTB2TCTI~yIOH);eI3 uyBCTBI3TeJIbHOCTI3 yCla-
JIHTeJISI) 3HaueHHeJL,~i; . tle~peXOJ~H xenocpeAc'rBeHHO BHx3 Ha HI3}KHK)IO uaCTb
rpacpxKa, FiaXO,gHM ,[~JISI Ha6JIIO,ZZeHHOI'O 3HaiIP.iIHSI IiBeTOBOPO 9KBHBaJI2HTa C
3lOnpaBKy ;, C, OTJIO}I{eHIIyK) Ha OCH OpjjHH1T.
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3JIe.MeHTOM H 0"t500 ~O BTOpbIM (J~JISI 3Be3,q I3CCJIeJ~yeMbIX HaMH KJISC:;OB).
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sa npeAeJlbl 0~(HOH COTOI3 3Be3~[PI~3I3 BeJIHUHHbI.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 36 Pnaaa nepaaR
XapaxTepxcTHKa ycll.nHTe.ax, ,uasaeMasl cpopMy.~oK (48), BecbMa ycTOA-
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npOeKTI3pOB3HHH H3MepA8MOI'O O~'bOKTa Ha (pOTOKBTOj(, MbI 14I0}KeM nOJIyTIHTb.?
CFiCT2MflTHYeCKHe n0I'peLIIHOCTH npH CMeIL[eHI35IX 06'beKTa B nOJiO 3peHHx H3.3a
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
AtraapaTypa 37
~I2COBepIIIeHHOI3 rI3~[I3pOBKI3. IIpII CpaBHeHIII3 TOTIeiIHbIX H IIpOTR}I{eHHbIX 7~'b-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 H0I3 TIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTbK). B C,nyYae IIOCTeneHHbIX Id3M0H0HHI3 TIyBCTBI3Te.TIbHO-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
AnnapaTypa 39
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 46 1'.riasa rlepsax
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~BHeCpOKaJIbHOe~, BbIXOJ~H H3 CpOKYCa B 60JIbIIIeI3 HJII3 M2HbITIe1=i CTeneHH, JjOJI-
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paCCTOHHHe T OT JI1MnbI ,1;0 06'beKTHSa Oi H3NIepSIJIOCb IIOCpeZ[CTBOM TYPO
HaTSiPI3BaBIIIeI3CSi CTaJIbHOI3 JIeHTbI C TO~IHOCTbK) ,IjO 1 MM. JIaMIIa JI 6bIJIa
3aMOHTHpOBaHa B CB2TOHeIIpOHHIjaeMbII3 KOJInaK C OTBepCTHBM ,I[JISI BbIXOj[a
~'CBQTOBOI'O nyuKa ~ ~- 2O MM ,z~H2M@TpOM~ ~ B KOJInaKe ~bIJIa npeRycMOr-
peHa B2HTHJISII~HSI ,ijJISI yM2HbIileHI35I Harp@Ba. Ha nyTH OT JIaMnbI J:~Q,~JIeKTpO-
CpOTOM2Tpa yCTBHaBJIHBaJIHCb ~OJIbILIHe *iepHble 9KpaHbI-1(Ka(ppal'MbI ,i[JISL
.yCTpaH2HHH BJII35IHI-IH paCCG'SIHHOtO CBOTa.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
I~Icc,neuoaaxi're Be,nocb s noMeul,exKx .na6opaTOpxi3, rloBBO.nsIBUIeM Ao?
BOAHTb paCC1'OSIHHe Y OT JIaMHbI j[O O6'beKTIIBa 9JIeKTpO(pOTOMeTpa J~O 3Ha-
tIeHL[I%I HOpA,L(Ka 8 McTpOB.
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TOK2MH H CB2TOBbIMH HOTOKaMH, HJIH TO~IIIeey J1,eYICTByIOHjHMH HOTOKaMH JI}~-
1IHCTOH 9HeprHH [112],.
rlOj[ MOHOXpOM2TH~IeCKHM J~eI3CTByIOILI,HM HOTOKOIDI JIyuHCTOII 9HeprHI3 MbI
TIOHHMaeM BbIpa}KeHHe
zu (?~) = 6 (~? I(~),
TJ~e 6 (~.) eCTb OTHOCHTeJIbIIaA CHCKTpaJIbHaA ~IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb ,ijaHHOII arI-
;ee o~e-
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2
-- 2. S log -
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2.51og i -=- 5 leg r = const? (51)
B Cry~Ia.e OTCyTCTBHSI HpOHOpI1,HOHaJIbHOCTH JIeBaR CTOpOHa (51) 6yAeT
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HbIX BCJIHLII[HflX.
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Hbl OT KaKpIX-JIH~O CI~ICT2MaTHYeCKHX OIIIHCOK. 1~2bI BeJIH 9TH H3MepeHHSI, HOTIb-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 R'oa/R'k
Rok/Rk I 1000/1000 I 100/1000
~~ i
1000/1000 i O"i000 ~ 1m851
1000/25000
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
C Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
48 I'.nasa r[epsaa
TeJIK) 3Be3jjHOTO 3JIeKTPO(pOTOM2Tpa), npI3MeHRR KOMneHCal[HOHHyIO CXeM}~"
H3MepeHI3R (? 3). KaK MbI nOMHxM, B sTOM C.ny~ae na,geHHO HanpR}KeHHR Ha:.
BXO,ijHOM COnpOTI3BJIeHIiH R KOMneHCHpyOTCR BCTpeiIHbIM HaIIpR}KeHH2M- 'U',
paBHbiM n0 BeJIH~IHHe:
Rok
v = -- /~
Kok -~- Rk
rRe Rk H Rok conpoTHB.nexHR cnegHa.nbxoro xoMnexcauxoxxoro npr~ICnoco6--
~IexHR (pxc. 4), a v-HanpRxsexxe, noAsoAl3MOe x sTOMy npllcnocc6~Ie-
HHK) H I33MepR8MOe TO~IHbIM 3epKaJIbHbIM BOJIbTMBTpOM.
1 I'I3MeHRR COOTHOIIIeHI3e Rok/Rk, M03KeM MBHRTb B O~IeHb llII3pOKAX npe--
J~e1IaX ,i[Hana30H KOMneHCI3pyK)ILjerO HanpR}KeHHR Z' R.~R OJ~HOrO H TOI'O xte~
,r~Hana30Ha H3MeHeHHR v
110CKOJIbKy MbI npHMBHRJII3 jjJIR HflCTORIL~erO HCCJI0AOB3HHR nepBOKJ1aC-
CHOe TOHKOCJIO~iHOe COIIpOTHBJIeHHe, pa3pa60TflHH0e A. A. K a JI H H R--
K 0 M (CO 3Ha~IeHH2M R = 5? lOb OR1), COBepIIIeHHO CBOf)O,i[HOe OT KaKI3X ~H60'
8(p(~eKTOB HOJIRpH3aIjHH, TO BIIOJIHe 3aKOHHO nOJlaraTb, ~ITO CpOTOTOK 1 CTpOTO?
IIpOIIOpLZHOHaJteH KOMneHCHpyK)ILjeMy HaHpR}KeHI3I0 v'. 1~1pOIIOpI~I30HaJIbHOCTb~
BOJIbTM2Tpa B T3K1Ke 6blrla HCCZej[OB3Ha H OKa3aJ[aCb 6e3ynpe~HOK.
Y~IHTbIBBR BCe 3T0, a T8K}Ke npHHRB BO BHHMaHHe npeAbluyluee Bblpaxce-
HHe j(JIR ti H BbIpa3I3B 0r0 B IIIKaJIe 3Be3JjHbIX BeJIFIYI3H, MO}KeM HepeIIHCaTh~
ypasxexxe (51) B sHRe:
2.5 log v -}- 2,5 log ( Rok/Rx ~-- 51og r = const, (52~
1 ~- Rok/Rk
IIepeH2CR BC0 nOCTORHHble IiJieHbI B npaByK) CTOpOHy K 06'beAHHI3B HX B HUBO~!
IIOCTORHHOK.
ECJIH Ha6JIK),T;OHHR BeJjyTCR I~JIR IIIHpOKOrO ,T;Hana30Ha (pOTOTOKOB, TO HX-
IIpHXO,ijHTCR BbIIIOJIHRTb npx pa3JIH~IHbIX 3Ha~IeHHRX OTHOAIeHxR (Rok/Rk)?
B 3TOM C.ny~Iae yuOF)HO, B3RB OAHO H3 HHX 3a OCHOBHOe (R'ok/R'k), npr3BeCTI~'
ypaBHexxe (52) x BHAy
y . 2.5 log v -}- 0 (Rak/Rk; R'ok/R'k) -I- 51og r = coast, (53).
nepexecR B npasylo ~IacTb - 2.51og R'ok/R'k 1 H o6osxa~I~IB ~Iepes
C 1 -}- R'ok/Rk
Rok/Rk R'ok/R~Ok 1
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1 ~ ROk/Rk J ~ T /
nonpasxy, KOTOpyK) H2OCXOj(FIMO yTIHTbIBflTb RPI3 nepexoAe OT 000THOllie-
HHR Rok/Rk K OCHOBHOMy R'Ok/R'k ?
iV1bI IIOJIb30BaJIHCb TpeMR 3Ha7-IeFIARMH Rok/Rk :1000/1000, jOQ/10~~ I~F
1000/25000. 1~I3 HI3X 3a OCHOBHOe 6bIJIO npI3HSiT0 10001000, 1~I3)Ite npH-
BO,gRTCR 3Ha~-IeHI3R nOIIpaBOK Q (Rok/Rk, R'ok/R'k), COOTBeTCTByK)IL[HX 3TOMy'
c.~y~Ialo.
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
LIyscTSi~Te,nbxocTb ra.nbsaxoMeTpa G, cscyxiall~ero B RaxxoM c~Iy~Ia?
JIHLLIb B Ka~IeCTBe xy.nesoro xHCTpyMeHTa, j[OJI?KHa 6bITb xoRo6paxa Taxxiti~
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MC-'H2HHI3 Rok~Rk HB,Li,O McHSITb x ~IyBCTBx'reJIbHOCTb raJIbBaHOM2Tpa.
~bIHOJIHe$HbIB HdMx 3HaTIHT2JIbHble pSI,i~bI H3Mepe~Hxl3 I3JIJIIOCTpHpyIOrCSI
,O,i~HOIi x3 Cepxx, IIpHB2JjeHH01-I B Ta6JIHIje IV. OTj[eJIbHble rpaC~bI 3TOI3 TaOJIx-
IIbI I`/ He Tpe6yK)T HOSICHeHxI3. OTMeTHM TOJIbKO, LITO 'BMeCTO 3HaLIeHxIt 71
3aIIxCbIBaJICSi HQHOCpe,tICTBeHHbII3 OTCT3eT BOJIbTMOTpa B ,i~eJIeHxSIX eT0 IIIKaJIIiIu
1
y2 SO TJ? PTO TOJIbKO OTpa3xTCH Ha xOCTOSiHHOK xOxpaBKe K Y. rIpx Ka}K=
1~OM xCJIOA{eHHx JI3MxbI 6paJIOCb xSITb OTC~IeTOB, x3 KOTOpbIX Ii O~pa30BaJI0Cb
cpeRxee 3Ha9eHHe 92, xpHeO,IIHMOe B ~IeTBepTOII rpacpe. 3HaTIOHHe v peAyuH-
pOBaJIOCb K OTC~IeTaM J~J[SI COOTHOxI2HHR COIIpOTHBJIe~HHK Rok,/Rh=1000/1000 xo
I~opMyJie (52). ,~xaxasoH ocaeH~eHxocTx, coo'rseTCTByIOU~xK Ta6,nxue V, pa-
BeH 4"'b05. PaCCMOTpeHHe 3TOI3 Ta6TIxIjbI IIOKa3bIBaeT, ~ITO HHKaKOrO CHCT~
IVIflTx~IeCKOrO XOj(8 pa3HOCTeI3 Y-Y B 3aBHCHMOCTx OT paCCTOSIHxSi I, KOTOpbIIE
yIia3bIB8JI ObI Ha Ha,1IHiIHe OTKJIOH2HxI3 OT IIpOHOpI~xOHaJIbHOCTx, He Ha6JII0-
.j[ae'PCA. ~.
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I`aK xpxHuxrlxaJlbHbI1~ HezjOCT2TOK x3Ji0}KeHHOI'O 1VIeTOJja xcc.neAosaxx~
MO}KHO OTM2THTb, ~ITO xpx pa3JIxTIHbIX paCCTOSIHxSIX Y 6yRyT xCHOJIb30B1Tb-
CH pa3JIx~IHble y~IaCTKx JIxH3bI O2 (pxc. 15), B pe3y.nbTaTe TIerO OnTx~IeCKi~e
IIOTepx 6yAyT HECKOJIbKO pa3JIxTIHbI. He IIpeJ~C'TdBJIxeT, OZ[HaKO, TpyAa IIO,i);-
C~IxTaTb, 9T0 pa3.nx~xR B OHTx~IeCKHX xOTepSIX 6yAyT McHbHIe O3~tO01 x, CJIe-
AOBaTeJIbHOt COBepIIIeHHO HeOH),yTHTeJIbHbI.
4, aaa~m~86o~ abohmaglob. roab~h~3. 80~~., I~ 14
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
50 P,aasa nepBax
TeM He McBee, ,I~JIH 60TIbIIIeF~I LIHCTOTbI I3CCJIeZ[OBaHI35I, MbI RpOBeJIH elue:
01jI3H KOHTpOJIbHbIIi pxR I33MepeHI~iI-I, BbIHyB H3 KOpOHaJIbHOI'O 3JI2KTp0(pOTOMeT-
pa BCIO OIITHKy (06'beKTHB Ol I3 JIHH3y O2) ? B 3TO1VI C.TIyYae I33NIepeHHSI B~-
,JIHCb COBepIIIeHHO aHaJIOtI3~IH0 I33MepeHI35IM Ta~JII?IL[bI IV, TOJIbKO TeHepb paC-
CTOS1HI3e Y OTCLIHTbIBaTIOCb OT JIaMIIbI J~O [~OTOKaTOjf.a, IIOJIO?KeHIIe KOTOpGI'O
GbIJIO Hpej~Bapl3Te.RbHO 3aMepeHO IIO OTHOHI2HHI0 K KOprlycy C~OTO1VIeTpa. Pe-
3yJIbTBTbI 3TI3X II3MepeHHI-i IIpHBeJjeHbI B Ta~JII~IL(e V, JjHaIIa30H OCBeLIjeHHOCTIi
~1iJisi KOTOpOI3 paBHSIeTCSI 3"!t39, Ilpg 06pa60TKe AaHHbIX 3TOI-I Ta~JiIIIjbI ~bIJ!
y,LIT2H 3(~(peKT II1J.[BHNSi HBKaJIa J[a1GIIIbI IIO Ha6JIK)JjeHI3H1GI N~N4 1, 4 H 8 Ha
CT2HJ~apTHOM paCCTOSIHI3I3 1.85.5 cM.
Tabnxga V
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PaccMOTpexxe Bcex nposeAexxblx xsMepexxK c no,nHOH y6eAI3Te~nb-
~IIOCTbK) IIOKa3aJI0, ~ITO I3CCJI2JjOB3HHbII-I (~OT09JI2MeHT ~~TI-2 CTpOI'O CJIei[yeT
3aKOHy I[pOIIOpI~I~IOHa.TIbHOCTH B J~I-IaIIa30He AO 4"`.
LVIbI CTOJIb IIOj[pOCHO OCTBHOBI-IJII-ICb Ha I33JI03I{CHI3I3 IIpOBepKI3 IIpOROpIIHO
H2JIbHOCTYI (pOTO~JIeIDIOHTa TOJIbKO IIOTOMy, LITO OHa 6bIJia BbIIIOJIHeHa C COBep-
llIeHHO IIp1~MF[THBHbIMIi CpeACTBaMI3 6e3 CIIeI.jHaJIbHOCO C~OTOMeTpI'IileCKOCO
o6opy,gosaxi3sl (CpOTOM2TpHTIeCKOF?I CKaMbI3, CEKTOpHbIX OCTIa~IITeJIeI3 H T. II.).
nOJIy~IeHH3H TOUHOCTb OKa3aJIdCb, T0M H0 McBee, BIIOJIHe yAOBJIeTBOpHTe~IIb-
HOIi. .
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II O II O B e p X H O C T K Cp O T O K a T 0 ]~ a Bet~C'TCSI 06bI~IHO CJIeZ[yK)II[Hli
CIIOCOCOM. y3KFII3 CB2TOBOI3 nyueK -KCBeTOBOI3 30HJ~>-IIepeMeIIl,aeTCx IIO IIO-
BepXHOCTI3 CpOT03.TIOMBHTa (HBBOjjI3TCA Ha OTJjeJIbHble yLIaCTKI-I IIOBepXHOCT[i
[pOTOKaTO]~ja) 13 OJ~HOBpe1VIPHHO pePI3CTpI3pyIOTCH IIOJIy~IaK)rI~HeCSI (~IOTOTOKI3.
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J{OOpJ~[HHaTaM d[I-i~0 C~OT09JI2MeHTa, JIH~O .TIaMIIbI BM2CTe C OIITI3~IeCKOI3 C1~ICTfi-
iVIUI3, O~eCIIe~IHBaHIIIje[-i IIOJIy~IeHI3e CB2TOBOI'O 30HJ~a.
I~8 HMeSI HOJ~O~HOI'O IIpIdCIIOCO~JIeHHSI MbI I?ICHOJIb30BaJIl3 JjJIH I-ICCJIeJZOBa-
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B BbiXO,1~HOM 3pa~IKB 3JI0KTpOCpOTOM2Tpa, SiBJIRBIiIOMCSi yM2HbIIIeHHbIM H30~pa-
'ilieHFieM (B 2 pa3a) BXOAHOI'O 3pa~IKa-06'beKTHBa (~=44 MM, F=360 MM).
~OCJIeZ(HI3I3 OCBeLIjaJICA JIaMHOI3, HdXOjjI3BLTIeYiCH IIO]Z TIiZaTeJIbHbII`4 (pOTOM2T~
PFI~IeCKI3M KOHTpOJIe1tiI. `
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
~[JIH OCBEHjeHHS{ OHpeJ~eJI2HHbIX He~OJIbHIHX y~IaCTKOB IIOBepXHOCTH (~OTO-
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Ka3bIBaeT, 4T0 HpH HpaI{'PH~IeCKOM OCyLI[eCTBJIeHHH (~OTOMeTpI3ileCKOYI CXePdbI
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 52 I'.naaa nepBaR
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
~C2r0 (pOTOM2Tpa B geJ[OM) . Ha 3TOM I~ICCJIe~J(OBaHHH MbI OCTaHOBHMCSI, II(13T0-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 54 I'~aBa rlepBax
TpH npHYIIHbI MOryT OrpaHHYFIB2Tb IIpOHHi~aIOH~yIO CII0006HOC'Tb 9JIeKTpO--
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paCnpe,~e,neHxeM sxeprxx, H2XOJjHII[xXCSI Ha OJ~HOM 3eHxTHOM paccTORHxx.
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3aK.TItOYaeTCA B B03M0}KHOCTx OYeHb ObICTpOrO HOJIyYeHxSI IIpxOJIx3KeHHOFI Xa-
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?~pe 3Be3j[bI I(~).
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
1 LITO ABJIAeTCA 1'OJIbICO H2I;ee HOrJIOH~eHHe I~OpMyJI0i3 aHaJIOrH~IHOI~I (67), a HMeHHO:
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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or r=boo uc
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05: CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
IIOJIyLICHFIC BII2c~TMOCC~2pHbIX I~BETOBbIX 3KBHB8JIQHTOB
aOJj Hp03paLIHOCTYI. O6 9TOM y]I{e I'OBOpI3JIOCb BbIHIe. BO-BTOpbIX - B03MON{-
'HbIF! XO/~ B 3aBI3CHMOCTI3 OT CKJIOHeHI~ifI. I'ICTO~IHHKOM TaKOTO XO,I[a SIBJISIeTCH
v OLIII[~Ka B IIpHHSiTOM CpejjHOM 3HaT3eHHH C~aKTOpa OCJIa61IeHI3SI a [50]. ,~ex-
CTBIiTeJIbHO, eC.IIH MbI 0603Ha~IHM ~epe3 a I3CTHHHOe 3Ha~IeHHe CpeAHeTO (paK-
TOpa, a ~epe3 a-OHIHCO~IHO ITpHHSITOe, H ~ICpe3 !~a-pa3HOCTb a - a', TO
_Z[.TIH OTSITOIL[eHHbIX OLIiI3~KOI3 BHeaTMOCCpepHbIX I[B2:03~X 3KBI3BaJI0HTOB Cp,
BbIH0C2HHbTX C a 6yj~eM HMETb:
. ,Co'~ = C*~~, t) - a'F(Z) = C~ (i, t) - aF~Z) -I-- ~aF(~) = Coy --f- ~aF(z) ,(16)
TJ~e ~epe3 Coy: MbI 0~03Ha~IH1II3 BHeaTMOCC~epHbII3 IjBeTOB0I3 3KBI3BaJIeHT
3BE31(vI, IIOJIY~IBHHbII%I C HCTHHHbIM 3HaueHHeM CpeJ~jHePO (~aKTOpa I33~I3paTeJlb-
HOI'O OC.1Ia~JIeHHSI.
Mb1 BH,1);HM, ~ITO IIOPpeIIIHOCTb BO BHeaTMOCC~IepHbIX I[B2TOBbIX 6KBHBaJIeH-
"I'aX, paBHaSI
OCo~ = Da F(z) (17~
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'TCH B CpeljHeM Ha ~OTIbHIIiX B03jjyliIHbIX M1CCdX, TO B pe3yJIbTBTe IIOJIy~IaeTCH
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S O T T JI H H P e p ~50~ H b e K K 0 p [48~ I3cnpaB.ax.nH Hpi~HSITOe xMx
?Cpej~Ilee .3Ha~IeHII@ (~aKTOpa OCJIa~JIeHIISI, IIOJIb3YSICb KpI3TepI3eM OTCyTCTBI3H
I70j~O~HOI'O XOJ~a. HO CTIe,IjyeT IiMETb B BH,I[y, HTO IIOJ[OC?HaSI rlpOueRypa Aa.ne-
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SIpII YI3y~IeHI3H 60JIbl[IHX paI-IOHOB M1Ie~IHOTO IIyTH, paCII0JI03KeHHbIX B HaII-
~paBJIeHNII CeBep-IOI' H, B ~IaCTHOCTI3, B OCJIaCTH eI'O pa3AB0eHHx, Ha.aH~I~iP,
~?OIUI~IOKH ~a HC M03KET ~blTb BbISiB,TIeHO IIO XOj[y Cpei[HI3X L~BBTOBbIX 3KBHBa-'
.1IeIITOB B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT CKJIOHeHHH. ~eJIO B TOM, ~ITO rlpH nepexoAe x 6oJIe8
IU}KI3bIb7 LIc1CTSiM MJIe~IHOI'O HyTH Ha~JIK)JjaeTCSi peaJlbHOe IIOKpaCHeHHe 6.IIH3-
7iHX 3Be3~, IIOCKOJIbKY B 06JIaCTII 3MCeHOCIZa paCHOJIO}KeHbI BOCbMa ~JII33KI3e
~{ H8M MaCCbI H3613paTeJIbHO IIOPJIOTijalOUjeI3 M2TepHH. OIUI36Ka B tk NI03KeT
? ~TIIUO y'M:(:T-IbLIII3Tb I3JIH Aax{e COBCeM CI{pbITb, JIH60 tHHepTpO(pI3pOB3Tb 9T0
SiB.AeHHe. OIIIH~Ka B CpeJ~H2M 3HaueHHH a M03I{eT T8K?Ke IIpHBeCTH K YBeJII3-
~IeHHIO eCTCCTBeIIHOII JZHCII0pCI3H HOpMaJIbHbIX IjBOTOB 3Be3j[ H3Y~IaeMOTO
KJIaCCa kI K CHCTeMaTH~IeCKOMy pa3JIH~IHK) 9THX I[BETOB AJIH 3Be3,ij, pacno.no^
3I{eHHbIX B paI30HflX IO}KHOI'O I~I C2BepHOPO HOJIK)COB raJIaKTHKH.
~~IaM IIpeJ.~CTBBJIHeTCSI, ~ITO IIpHBe?jeHHbIX COO~pa~I{eHI3Ii BHOJIHe ,ZZOCTa-
' TOT3H0 jZJIH OC)OCHOB2HHSi H@B03M03KHOCTI3 IICIIOJIb30BaHHSI CpeJ~HHX (paKTOpOB
I33UI3paTeJIbHOI'O OCJIa~JIeHHR HpH IIOCTpOeHHH CpyH,tl,aMEHTaJIbHbIX 9JIeKTpO-
KOJIOpHMeTpIIUeCKIdX K3TaJIOPOB. II03TOMY H2O6XO,i~I3M0 PIMeTb B03M07IfHOCTb
''OICpe~eJlATb 3Ha~IeHHSI CpaKTOpa H3~HpaT2JIbHOI'O OCJIa6JIe~HHSI jjJISI TIK)60P0 MO-
McHTa HO~iH, KOI'j~a IIpOH3BO,IjSITC53 Ha~JIK),I[eHHSI, - KMI'HOBeHHbI@> 3Ha~IeHI3SI
3TOI'0 C~aKTOpa.
T2Ky'K) B03M07I{HOCTb IIpe,IjOCTBBJISICT McTOJ~ CTaH,i[apTHOI3 3Be3JjbI. TOT
_~
/ -~LL n 1
`G )J = G n-~-~C !~ x = C1 -T- (C 1-Gi) -f - ~ {[1a~1)F(z~l)) - ~a~a) p(Zia)) { ? C+1 T S
~ =1
rAe? ,,6yueT oulx6Ka Haxon.aeH13A:
n
S = ~ {'a,1~F(1~1))- ~ai)F(Zia))} (28)'^,
,_~
B c.>ty~Iae, Korua Ha6.iiloAeHxx BeltyTCx B MepHAi~axe, MbI Maxce~M rlo~IO-
)KflTb:
F (~ ~s') = F(z~2') = F Cz~)
(29~
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Ilo,ny~exxe sxeaTMOCCpepxblx useTOSaix 3xBxsa.nexTOB
~CJIx a; l/ = 1 . 2 ... n) SIBJISIK)TCH HCTHHHbIMR CpejjHI3Mi3, TO CyMMbI CJIy-
L1aFIHbIX OTKJIOHeHI3I%I (paKTOpOB OCJIa~JIeHI3H IIpI3 ~OJIbLiIOM ~II3CJIe Ha~JIIOZje-
IIII1=i 6ylty~r M8JI0 OTJIH~IaTbCSi OT HyJIH, a c.neAosaTenbxo x oIUH6Ka HaxoH.ne-
xIIA CiV~:ET T8K}K0 6.nHSKa K HyJIK). OHa 6y1ceT, KOHe~IHO, CTpOPO paBHa HynK;,
(FI B C.nyilae IIa6JIIOZ[eHHSi Ha pa3JIx~IHbIX ~'(1)), eCTIl3 KOJIe6aHHR Hpospa~I-
xOCTK UTCyTCTByK)T.
I~OCMOTpxM TeHepb, K8KOB0 6y.ueT BJIxSIHxe OIIIxCOK B rIpHHSITOM Cpei[H2M
3Ha~Il:HIif1 (~aKTOpa H3~HpaTeTIbHOI'O OCJIa6JIEH135i. rlyCTb 6yuyT IIpI3HATbI OIIIx-
tjOilHble CpeAHxe 3HaT3eHIISI I~aKTOpOB ak (k = 1, 2, 3 ... YG ):
~s) ( ~.~ ) (30)
a k = ak - Dak = a - yak -}- ?ak
B .=YfOM C.ny~Iae MbI M03I{eM HOCTpOI3Tb CI3CT6My, COBepHIeHHO aHaJIOrx~i~
ITyIO (27), aaMexasl ,nxHlb sxavexxa ~a;'~ Ha ~a;'~ -F- ?a;?
A,as~ K-ro useTOSOro sxBxaa.nexTa nonyxHM Bblpax{eHr~e:
Ir-1
ch=ck -}- (c'i - c,) -}- [oa~~'F(z~~~) - Dal~~,(~(:{i~~) -}- ~{Daf~F(Z~~1)-,9a~~~I(~s~~)}~ -I-
,i=z
+[oa~l'F(z~1')-Aa,F(z42')+~ (~a~[F(~~l')-F(ti~2')l?l? (3i)
~_~
31ICCb I c'q - C~) HOKa3bIBaeT OHIx6Ky B IIpIIHSITOM HyJIbIIyHKTe HIKaJIbi
IIaIIIHX 1(BETOBbIX 9KBI3BaJIeHTOB; ~IJIeH B nepBOZ3 KsaRpa'rxol3 CK06Ke Rae's
9f~CpeKT aI{KyMyJIHpOBaHI35I CJIyLIaI3HbIX OIIII160K 3a ,C{,zICT KOJIe6aHI3i3 Hpospa~-
HOCTx; BTUp01%T T3JIeH B KBaZ[paTHOI~i CKOCKe AaeT 9CpI~eKT OIiIIICKH B cpeAxeM
cpal{Tope Hs6i3pa're.nbxoro oc~Ia6~Iex13sl.
B c~ny~Iae xa6.nloRexi3i~ sC)JIH3H MeplluKaxa Bblpax{exi~e (3I) rlpKxx-
MaeT Bx~t:
k_i
ch` = ck -~- (c'1-- c1) -}- [Da" ~F(zk) - Da~'~F(zi) -f- ~, {Qu'1~ - ~a~2)7:(z!)}~ +
~ =2
-{- [ Dak F (zk) - ~aiF (z~) (32)
Haxaxeu, ec,nx norlpasxa K cpeAxeMy cpax'ropy He saBxcxT OT useTa ssesAbl,
?r. e. ec.llx ,~a; = Da (j = 1, 2 .. , n), To scrloMxxasl; (27)
k-1
cs = ck -F (~ t - cs)+[oakl'F(zk) - oa42~~' (Zi) -~- ~ (tai) ^ Qai2))F'~Zi)~ ~...
a=2
--}- ~a[F(Zk) -- F(is)~ =~k -~- da[F(Zk} - F(:(1), (33)
~Ioc.neuxKi3 ~I~nex o~exb Har.nsl,uxo IloxasbisaeT xa.nH~He cxc'reMaTH~Iecxoro
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,I);HaIIe I3 OT CKJIOHeHI351.
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tiiepi~i11H3He, paBHa Hy.nlo.
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HbIM HBJIA2TCSI TaK}Ke yTBep}KAeHNe I' IO C C 0 B, uT0 ROCKOJIbKy rtonpasKa
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 104 !'~7asa TpeTbFl
3a It3~FIpaTeJlbHOe OCJIa~JIeHFFe CBOTa B Ka?KJ~OYI HpNBA3Ke MaJIa, TO yxeT OC-
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alee cosepLllexxylo xpoueuypy y~IeTa useTOSOro oc.aa6.nexxx. I4cxoAx xs Ta6-
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hiyTITOCTFI o'1 K H K e OTH0C2HHble, OJjHaKO, H@ K TIACTOI3 aTMOC(pepe, a K H8K0-
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t 100], Me7'ouxxa yYe7'a aTMOCCpepxoro oc.rla6.nexNSl oc7'a,aacb npex{xel3. J~.nx
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06paTIIT OCOGOe BHF3M8HIIe xa y~IeT OCTIafjJIeHI3SI CB2Ta B aTMOCCpepe, IIOCKOJIb-
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3aJICSI OT y~eTa 3aBFICFIMOCTI3 FI3~I~IpaTeJIbHOI'O OCJIa6JIeHFISI OT Li,BeTa, LITO B
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
PeuyxuHH Ha6JiloRexHH K BxeulxeH rpaxHue aTNioccpepbl D JI B I3 ocy-
II[e.CTBJISIJi HO cpOpMy,ne:
co = c (~', t) - (ao -{- T) scc Z, (34)
no.~arasi HpH6JIHx{exxo F(Z)-secy. 3xa~IellHe ao, cooTSeTCTByloruee Hpex-
~pacHOk~ Ilpo3paLlxocTl~ (rJIa3oMepxasl ouexxa 4,5), 6bIJI0 orlpeAeJlexo I33 ex-
CT'eMaTrI~IOCKI~IX I-Ia~JIIOJ~EHYI13 HapbI OKOJIOHOJISIpHbIX 3B23A (BOCXOJ~HIL[2I3
I~I 3axOj[SIIIT.CII) H HpOBepeHO IIO B.bIHOCy OItHOYI I3 T0>%I x{e CTaHjjapTHOI3 3Be3-
j[br, Ha6JIK)~aBILieI3CR Ha pa3JII3~IHbIX B03,i[yUIHbIX Maccax. Ha ocxosaxxl3
oTIIx Ha6JIIORexI~Ir3 RJIA a~ ~I.IJr,^. ripuxxTO 3xa~exHe, pasxoe 0"'300. IIoIIpa-
IiGlTHb1II LIJIeH T y~IHTbIBaeT O(~C~E'I{T I~I3R4eHEHHSI IIp03paLIHOCTH.
I~a3aJlGCb 6bI eCTeC1'BeHHbIM, I3Me4I 3HaLICHIIe BHeaTMOCCpepHOrO LT,BeTOBO-
r0 3I{BHBa~TeHTa CTaHZjapTHOI3 3Be3J~bI, Hposepe~Hxoe BbIHOCOM C pa3JII3~IHbIX
MBCC, BOCIIOJIb30BaTbCSI HM JJ,JISI OHpeJ~eJIeHKR 3HazIeHI3II IIO C~IOpMyJI6 (34)
~I,nli HeriocpeAcTBexxo orlpe>teJlslTb a(t) Ho cpopMyJle (18), xa6JIloAasl
.~ (ti , f) ,l~JTR pa3JIII~IHbIX MOMeHTOB HO'-II3. ~jjH2K0 ~ JI B I~I HOIII2JI IIHbIM
HyTONI.
BCe HahJIIO,i[0HH53 CTaH,IZapTIIbIX 3Be3J~ OH peRyuHpOBaJI CO 3HaT-IeHI~eM
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Iiblx C'i'aII,II,apTHbIX 3Be3Z[ 6bIJIH 9MHI3pH~IeCKH HpHBeJ7,eHbI K OAHOII II3 HHX.
PeJ~yI[NpOBBHHble Tc1KHM O~pa30M uBeTOBble 9KBHBaJIOHTbI, paBHble
c'? = c (ti, t) - ao sec Z (35)
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
IIoJry telilre >3H^:aTM000j~epHblx i~Be'rosb:x sr-~BHSaneHTOB
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 C,ne1[y@T OTM2TNTb, ~ITO HaJIH~INe 3aM2THOI3 HeJII3HeI3HOCTH xoRa ~)aK-
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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/08/05 :CIA-RDP80T00246A036200010020-7
IIo~ny~Iexxe BIIeaTn7occpepxblx gseTOBbIx sxsxsaalexTOB 117
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