1. SURVEYING AGENCIES AND PRACTICES 2. SOVIET ARMY CONSTRUCTION SITE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A043700110001-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 35
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 15, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: August 12, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
SUBJECT 1. Surveying Agencies and Practices DATE DISTR.
2. Soviet Army Construction Site *2 AUb Idea
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ
PROCESSING COPY
ARrQ~II~AI~r'4E" G twiem VWNW.
report which deals with Polish
governmental agencies in the Main Administration of Geodesy and
Cartography and gives miscellaneous information on work projects,
surveying instruments, references and manuals, training and
educational standards, disposition of finished maps and survey data,
financial matters, marginal geodetic and surveying technical informa-
tion, and personality sketches of four key civilians. The information
pertains almost entirely to civil surveying at the level of a
voivodship branch office. The report also gives information on the
sighting of a possible Soviet Army construction site on the Baltic
Sea coast of Poland and a nearby antenna installation.
ARMY review completed.
STATE ARMY Ilk NAVY T 'K AIR
(Not*: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field distributi
BI
AEC
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Cnr\)r'=~~ENT'1N
THIS IS UNEVALUATED, ADVAK(E INFORMATION
CONFIDENTIAL
SURVEYING AGENCIES AND PRACTICES IN POLAND (C);
AN': A. ': dI T V WW? ?,!''): 5T..1 ,7TT,)N S:l"T,
Sumatarys This report deals with Polish governmental agencies in the Main Adminis-
tration of Geodesy and Cartography (Glowny Urzad Geodezji i Kartografji -
GUGiK), and gives miscellaneous information on work projects, surveying
instruments, references and manuals, training and educational standards,
disposition of finished maps and survey data, financial matters, marginal
geodetic and surveying technical information, and personality sketches
of four key civilians. The information contained herein pertains almost
entirely to civil (not geodetic) surveying at the level-of a provincial
branch office (the Gdansk Branch), It also contains a report on the
sighting of a possible Soviet Army construction site on the Baltic Sea
coast of Poland, and a nearby antenna installation.
Ca1r-'zcQTt A) L
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SURVEYING AGENCIES AND PRACTICES IN POLAND (C)
This report is primarily concerned with the activities of the Gdansk Branch
(Wydzial Gdansk) of the Poznan State Enterprise of Surveying (Poznanske Okregowe
Przedsiebiorstwo Miernicze - POPM), which was a field branch office of the Main
Administration for Geodesy and Cartography (Glowny Urzad Geodezii i Kartoeraf ii -
GUGiK). ?
The following is a list of locations mentioned in this report, together with
the coordinates for each.
DEBRZNO
(N53-32, E17-14)
(UTM %V--4835)
JURATA
(N54-42,9 318-43)
(UTM CF-5631)
KOSCIERZYNA
(N54-07, E17-59)
(UTM XA-9402)
KOSZALIN
(N54-12, E16-11)
(UTM WA-7507)
LODZ
(N51-45, E19-28)
(Um CC-9535)
LONKEN
(N54-10, E17-35)
(UTM %A-7004)
MYSZEWO (MAUSDORF)
(N54-08, 919-10)
(UTM CE-8000)
NOWA HUTA
(N5o-o5, E2o-o4)
(UTM DA-3350)
POZNAN
(N52-25, E16-58)
(UTM XU-3108)
PRUSZCZ
(N54-16, E18-38)
(UTM CF-4616)
WEJHEROWO
(N54-36, E18-14)
(UTM CF-2154)
WIELICZKA
(N49-59, E20-04)
(qTM DA-3237)
WLADYSLAWOWO
(N54-48, E18-25)
(UTM CF-3575)
ZBLEWO
(N53-56, E18-20)
(UTM CE-2680)
STALINOGORSK, USSR
(N54-05, E38-14)
A. CIVIL AND GEODETIC SURVEYING AGENCIES AND PRACTICES
1. Partial Organization and Structure of the Main Administration for Geodesy
and Cartography (GUGiK)
a. Mission and History
GUGiK was a civilian surveying organization subordinate to the Ministry
of Internal Affairs (Ministerstwo Spraw Wewnetrznych). It was responsible for all
civilian surveying activities in Poland, including research and development,
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triangulation and leveling of all orders, publication of maps and manuals, cadastral
and civil surveying, and maintenance and operation of archives.
its surveying responsibilities and activities stopped at the boundaries of
military installations. inside of which the military surveying administration
responsible.
Prior to the Gomulka regime, GUGiK was
an independent organization at ministerial level. Prior to 1957, GUGiK had been
called "Central Administration for Geodesy and Cartography" (Centralny Urzad
Geodezji i Kartograf ji).
As of April 1958, GUGiK headquarters was located in a newly constructed
building at 2-4 Ulica Jasna in WARSAW. The building was built in 1954 or 1955 and
was owned by GUGiK. It was about 40 to 50 x 15 m, and had about 5 or 6 stories.
Entrance to the building was controlled by a civilian information clerk at the main
b. Headquarters
The chairman (Prezes) was Boris SZKELEW, who replaced RABANOWSKI, (fnu),
in about 1954 or 1955. The latter was transferred to a different Ministry (probably
the Communications Ministry) and died in late 1957, There were several deputy
chairmen (Vice Prezea)
(1) Planning Department (Depertament Planowania)
The Director of this department since at least 1952 was Jerzy
SZ72IONSKI. This department received and processed the work requests from other
ministries, decided what jobs to accept, and allocated the work within the GUGiK
organi zati on.
(2) Personnel Department (Departament Kadr)
(3) Finance Department (Departament Finansow)
(4) Technical Department (Depertament Techniki)
could identify no personnel who worked in this department,
it developed surveying techniques, prepared manuscripts of tech-
nical manuals for publication, conducted experimental work, and compiled triangula-
tion and leveling data.
c. State Cartographic Publishing Enterprise (Pansbwowe Przedaieb two Wyd%nicbit
Kartograficznych)
su or na o
a n or , a won a ace in an unknown type
of socialist competition.
This was located in WARSAW
know the exact location, except that it was not in the same building with GUGiK
headquarters.
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e. State Photogrammetrieal Enterprise
many reference a to this organization,
all of which aeaT~] only with plane table surveys at the
scale of 1:100,000. There were no photogrammetric surveying activities in Poland
fG State Geodetic Enterprise
This organization was located in the same building with GUGiK head-
leveling work in Poland,
it was responsible for all geodetic and
g. Civil Surveying Field Offices
the field offices dealt directly with whatever sect on of GUGiK head-
quarters was concerned with their immediate problems. The provincial and district
field offices were named after the city in which they were located. The following
Civil Surveying Field Offices had been in operation at the following locations
since 1949:
(1) Poznan District Enterprise of Surveying (POPM)
This headquarters (Direkcja) was located, prior to 1951, in GDANSK,
together with its Gdansk Branch, The director in April 1958 was Bolealaw LAMBUI.
It employed 30 to 40 persons, and included the following sections (Dzial):
Planning (Planewania)(Chief of Section was JUDKA, (fnu).
Personnel (Personalny)
Bookkeeping (Ksiegowosci)o The chief of section was
SZLAZAK, (fnu) o
Production (Produkcji)o The chief of section was WOJCIECHOW-
SKI, (fnu) Technical Control (Kontroli Technicznej). The chief of sec-
tion was Jerzy DOBRZ!NSKI,
Housekeeping (Gospodarczy)o
Labor and Wages (Pracy i Placy)
(a) Gdansk Branch
This branch was
responsible for civil and cadastral surveying, and some third order triangulation,
in the provinces (Wojewodstwo) of Gdansk and Koszalin, The Gdansk Branch office
was located in GDANSK/LANGFUHR at number 114 Allee Grunwaldzka (see Annex A).
The chief (Kerewnik) since 1952 was Tadeusz DOBROWSKIO His deputy since 1957 was
Jan CIESLIKEWICZ, who replaced JAWORSKI upon the latter's death, The Gdansk Branch
was composed of the following:
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1. Finance Section (Likwidatura)
This consisted of a senior bookkeeper and a cashier.
The latter was also responsible for calculating, and keeping a record of, the
working norms and their stage of fulfillment.
2. Personnel Clerk,
.2o Supply Clerk
This clerk was responsible for the supply room where
the surveying instruments were stored, and was also responsible for the vehicles
which belonged to the Gdansk Branch, two trucks and two passenger vehicles.
4. Typist and Telephone Operator (Female)
.1o Secretary to DOBROWSKI and CIESLIKEWICZ
6. Civilian Guard (Not armed)
.7. Charwoman
8. Technical Documentation (Dokumentacja Techniczna)
The chief of this section was Tadeusz FILIPOWICZ ~
Their duties consisted of preparing work and cost esti-
mates for all the jobs undertaken by the Gdansk Branch, procurement of necessary
reference material such as triangulation point coordinates and leveling bench mark
data, consultation with the requesting agency for any necessary clarification of
instructions, and liaison with other agencies for technical matters and approval
of work at various stages of completion.
Technical Control (Kontroli Technicznej)
This was the section of surveyors and draftsmen. There
were three senior surveyors (Inspektora), all of wham had been in this job since
15149, when the existing organization was formed. They were ZOIABINSKI, GRZ!BOWSKI,
and OSKO, and each had under his jurisdiction 8 to 10 surveyors and draftsmen. The
three senior surveyors organized, supervised, and inspected all field and drafting
work. In addition to the technical personnel, this section included about 15
permanently-employed unskilled workers. During the summer surveying season, addi-
tional workers were hired, making the total of unskilled workers from 40 to 60.
.Zielona Gera.
(b) Bydgoszcz Branch, responsible for the province of Bydgoszcz.
(c) Szczecin Branch, responsible for the province of Szczecin.
(d) Poznan Branch, responsible for the provinces of Poznan and
(2) Warsaw OP14
Warsaw province
(a) Warsaw Branch I. responsible for annrn-rimat.l v nn._hal f of
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(b) Warsaw Branch II, responsible for the remaining half of
Warsaw Province which was not covered by Warsaw Branch I.
KIELCE.
(c) Bialystok Branch, responsible for the province of Bialystok.
(3) Lodz OPM
Prior to 1956 or 1957, this OPM headquarters was located in
(a) Lodz Branch, responsible for Lodz Province.
(b) Kielce Branch, responsible for Kielce Province.
(c) Lublin Branch, responsible for Lublin Province.
(Q) Krakow OPM
(a) Krakow Branch, responsible for the provinces of Krakow and
(b) Nowa Bata Branch., responsible for the surveying activities
at the construction project of the Lenin Steel Works at NOWA HUTA.
(5) Katowice OPM
(a) Katowice Branch, responsible for Katowice Province.
(b) Wroclaw Branch, responsible for the provinces of Wroclaw
and Opole.
h. Field Representatives (Delegatura) of GUGiK
In each provincial capital city , there was a field
representative office (Delegatura) of the central headquarters of GUGiK, staffed
entirely by civilians. They maintained surveying,data reference files pertaining
to the province in which they were located, including topographic map files
(1:25,000 and 1:100,000, all classified SECRET), trig listings (see Annex B for
illustrative example of a trig list), leveling data, and copies of sketches showing
.the precise location and description of all bench marks and triangulation monuments
(see Annex C for illustrative example of such a sketch). This data was available,
upon presentation of proper authorization (a letter of request or a requisition),
for issue to all field surveying agencies, including POPM and the Gdansk Branch.
However, the files could be used only for reference and could not be taken from
the Delegatura office.
These Delegatura offices were also responsible for confirming and
approving all triangulation and leveling data which appeared in final form on work
done in their areas of responsibility by the field surveying agencies.
(1) Delegatura in GDANSK
This office consisted of five persons: the chief was Mieczyslaw
RAWINSKI and his assistant was ZEJDEL, (fnu). There were two other unidentified
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professional men and one clerk-typist.
to be overstaffed in relation to the work load
(2) Delegatura in KOSZALIN
This office consisted of three persons, but the
chief, JANKOWSKI, (fnu).
2, Projects of the Gdansk Branch
rsennel, equipment and vehicles were sometimes transferred
temporarily from one branch or OPM to another, in order to satisfy work require-
ments. Some actual work projects of the Gdansk Branch are given below, as a
possible indicator of capability.
a, Civil Survey of the Ports of GDANSK and GDYNIA
This job was contracted for directly with the port authorities of
GDANSK and GDYNIA. The job was begun in the spring of 1956 and completed in the
summer of 1957. Both ports were mapped partly at the scale of 1:5,000 and partly
at 1:1,000, the latter scale being transposed from old surveys. The final maps
and plans were classified SE MET,, and showed all construction and details of the
specific areas shown in Annex D. The job required a working force of 10 to 12
surveyors, each with his own crew, and 4 to 6 computers and draftsmen. The ori-
ginal cost estimate of this job was less than 300,000 zlotys, but with additional
requirements, imposed while the work was in progress, the final cost of the job
came to about 550,000 zlotys,
b. Forest District Surveys
in April 1958, the Gdansk Branch was engaged in
surveying eight separate forest districts (Nadlesnictwa) in the counties (Powiat)
of Lebork and We jherowo. These maps were being prepared for the Forestry Ministry
(Ministerstwo Lesnictwa) at the scale of 10,000, with no topography shown. Roads,
streams, man-made objects, boundaries of forested areas, and cleared lanes through
basis or a comp le
and detailed timber cruise and vegetative survey, to be prepared by the Forestry
Ministry. Maximum allowable traverse error in the survey by the Gdansk Branch
was 10 cm.
. survey.)
(1) Lebork County
(a) Lobs Forest District (See Annex E for approximate area under
The survey of this area was completed by April 1958. The
cost estimate was about 1,000,000 zlotys. Five or six surveying crews were assigned
to this job.
(b) Cewice Forest District (See Annex F.)
The cost estimate was about 800,000 zlotys. Two surveying
crews were assigned to this job. with luck, this job might be
finished by the end of 1958.
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(c) Bozepole Forest District (See Annex G.)
This job was completed by April 1958. The cost estimate wag
800,000 to 850,000 zlotys. Three surveying crews were assigned to this job.
(d) Choczew Forest District (See Annex H.)
This job was started in April 1958, and estimated
that it would be finished by May 1959. Three surveying crews were assigned to
this job.
(2) Wejherowo County
Field work had not been started in this county as of April 1958,
and the cost estimate of only one forest district had been made. It consisted of
four separate forest districts.- Chylonia, Kamien, Gore, and Kolkowo, of approxi-
mately 5,000 hectares each (see Annexes I and J). There was some discussion in
the office of the Gdansk Branch about transferring Chyloni a and Kamien Forest
Districts to the Warsaw OPM for surveying, but no decision was reached as of April
1958. Of the four forest districts, the Chylonia District, which was estimated at
600,000 to 700,000 zlotys, was considered the hardest job, since the topography
was hilly and the city of GDYNIA was adjacent to its boundaries, with a correspond-
ingly large number of structures.
c. Highway Survey (ZBLEWO-KOSCIERZYNA-LONKEN)
This job was a strip survey about 40 m wide,at the scale of l.-2,000,
for the purpose of realigning and widening the old road. It was begun in the
spring of 1955 and completed at the end of 1956. The total cost was about 530,000
zlotys. The number of surveying crews on this job varied from one to three. Ac-
curacy on this job (one centimeter in traverse) was high in ceder to ascertain the
exact payments to be made for private land which was to be appropriated by the
government.
d. Hela Peninsula Road Survey
This job was undertaken in the summer of 1957 under contract with the
District Administration of Public Roads (Wojewodski Zarzad Drog Publicznych). The
field work was completed that same year, and the entire job, including the paper
work, was almost completed by April 195$. It was a 1:2,000 strip survey of the
road on the Hela Peninsula from WLADYSLAWOWO to near JURATA, made for the purpose
of widening and realigning the road, and for determining the new right-of-way, with
accuracy held to within one centimeter. No military features were shown.
the length of road surveyed was 20 km
the crew had mentioned to him that the survey crew had
. Third Order Triangulation Re-Surveys
In 1952, 1953, and 1954, the Gdansk Branch ran several third order
triangulation re-surveys for the purpose of locating and verifying old triangula-
tion stations. These Jobs were assigned to the Gdansk Branch directly from GUGiK
headquarters, and they were paid for directly from GUGiK budgetary
funds. The re-surveys were necessary not only to reestablish the monuments in. the
field, but in many cases to determine the coordinate data, because many coordinate
files were lost during WW II. They included surveys in the areas near DEBRZNO,
KOLOBRZEG, PRUSZCZ, WEJHEROWO, and MYSZEWC). In 1952 and 1953, the Gdansk office
coral Ft. En1Ti AL_
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sent several crews to work on the same type of triangulation re-surveys in the
Warsaw and Olsztyn areas, near the mountain Borowa Gore (at coordinates UTh CB-9487).
The crews varied in number from 5 to 10, and worked in this area for about two
years. this type of re-survey was made at this time through-
out Poland and all triangulation monuments and bench marks in Poland were re-
stored by 1954.
incident. In 1953 or 1954, a crew from the Gdansk Branch was running a triangula-
tion re-survey in the area between GDANSK and PRUSZCZ. While, looking for an old
triangulation station near a road intersection, the crew found a newly installed
monument which they presumed had been installed by the field crews of the State
Enterprise of Geodesy. This monument was in approximately the correct position,
according to the available reference notes, and the Gdansk Branch crew, already
in possession of the coordinates of the triangulation point, used this monument
to tie in the rest of the survey. The tie-in computations did not check out cor-
rectly, and after several months, during which the traverse was re-run several
times, and the computations and the paper work were verified many times, the crew
chief finally decided to verify the location of the newly installed monument.
Working from the available reference notes, the calculated site of the triangulation
point was found to be several meters distant from the newly installed monument.
Although this site was bare of any indication that there had been a monument here
at any time, the crew chief had his men dig down to a depth of about one meter,
where they found the concrete base plate (Pleta) of the original monument. Based
on the corrected site of the triangulation point, the survey that was being run
checked out. The error was reported to GUGiK headquarters.
similar mistakes made by the State Enterprise of Geodesy were uncovered several
times. the personnel of the Gdansk Branch presumed that whoever had
installed the monument had apparently been too lazy or in too much of a hurry to
try to locate the original base plate by digging, and had merely guessed at the
correct location of the triangulation point.
f. Land Surveys of State Farms
From 1953 to 1956, the Gdansk Branch made at least 50 boundary surveys
of state farms in the provinces of Gdansk and Koezalin. These were made at the
scale of 1:5,000, and showed boundaries, wooded areas, and water features, but did
not show topography or structural improvements. They varied in extent from 300 to
700 hectares.
g. Small Civil Surveys
From 1949 on, during the first years of the existence of the Gdansk
Branch, it made from 50 to 100 small (3 to 5 hectares each) surveys each year for
specific construction projects. The number decreased from year to year, until,
by 1957, only four or five of these small jobs were undertaken.
h. Malbork Airfield Survey
In 1955 or 1956, the Gdansk Branch received an order to make a boundary
survey of an old German airfield near MALBORK. The survey was to locate the new
boundaries of the airfield, which was undergoing expansion, and consisted of a
detailed survey of a 350-meter-wide strip around the outside of the boundaries. but
no work within the perimeter,
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i. Railroad Survey
Beginning in 1955, the Gdansk Branch had been engaged in a survey of
all existing narrow-gauge railroad lines in the southern portion of the farmer
free city of DANZIG enclave. Part of the survey was completed as of April 1958.
It was made at the scale of 102,000, and included location of right-of-way markers,
an alignment and area survey, and a profile survey which was made separately after
the alignment survey. The area survey included a strip about 25 to 30 m wide.
he maximum distance between markers was 200 m,
3. Instruments Used_bs the Gdansk Branch of POPM
there was no standard authorized level for equip-
ment issue. Equipment and personnel) could be, and often were, transferred from
one branch to another, and from one enterprise to another, according to need. The
Gdansk Branch had no plane tables or theodolites. Minor repair of surveying in-
struments was performed by a technician in POPM, who periodically made the rounds
of the branches subordinate to POPM. Major repair was accomplished by sending the
instruments directly from the Gdansk Branch to GUGIK headquarters or to another
unidentified establishment in WARSAW.
The surveying and drafting instruments which were available in the supply
room of the Gdansk Branch included,.
Heide transits ....................8 to 10
Wild transits .....................3 or 4
Gerlach transits ..................2 or 3
Wild levels .......................3 or 4
Zeiss levels ......................3 or 4
Unidentified German-made camera
for photographing bench marks and
triangulation monuments for inclu-
aion in reference files ...........1
Binoculars ........................8 to 10
Unidentified German-made plani-
meters ............................10
Unidentified German-made panto-
graphs ............... o.....o...... 2 to 4
Unidentified hand compasses .......Unknown number
Polish-made blue-print machine,
utilizing ammonia process. This
was manufactured in WARSAW by a
pre-war firm ......................1
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4. Reference Manuals
Neither POPM or its Gdansk Branch had any classified reference material.
The manuals which were kept at the Gdansk Branch included the following:
a. Instructions of GUGiK (Instrukcja GUGiK)
This was a set of eight soft-cover volumes; each volume was devoted
to a separate phase of surveying. The separate volumes, which included a general
introductory volume, dealt with triangulation, leveling, traverse surveying, cit
and town plans, plane table surveying, stadia surveying, and forest surveys.
b. Forest Survey Instructions (Instrukcja Pomiaru Lasow)
This was published by the Forestry Ministry in 1954 or 1956.
c. Instructions for Establishing Forest Boundaries (Instrukcja Ustalenia
Granic Lasow)
This reference was also published by the Forestry Ministry, in 1954 or
1956. (Of this item and the one immediate) preceding, one was published in 1954
and the other in 1 95
d. Instructions for Surveying State Agricultural Farms (Panstwowe Gospodar-
atwa Rolne - PGR)
Agriculture.
This was published either by the Ministry of PGR or by the Ministry of
e. Instructions for Surveying State Railroads (Instrukcja Pomiarow Koleji
Panstwowych)
This was published by the Ministry of Transportation (Ministerstwo
Komunikacji).
5. Training and Educational Standards of Technical Personnel
education in geodetics in Poland was
quite poor during the immediate post-war period but it showed continual im-
provement and by 1957 it was adequate. two university-level geodetic
institutes, both unidentified: one in WARSAW and the other in KRAKOW, the latter
associated with an unidentified mining engineering school. geodetic
high schools (Liceum Geodezyjne) located in POZNAN, LODZ, and BYDGOSZCZ, as well
as others in unrecalled cities. Middle school courses in geodetic surveying were
two or four years in duration, depending on whether the student had previously
completed 10 or 7 years, respectively, of academic schooling.
Of the technical personnel (surveyors and draftsmen) employed in the Gdansk
Branch, most of the 25 to 30 were graduates of geodetic middle schools, 3 were
university graduates, and 10 or 12, mostly draftsmen, had completed no geodetic
school. Of the three senior surveyors, one was a university graduate and the other
two were middle school graduates. Five of the surveyors were old-timers who
had had no formal training in geodetic surveying. However,
they were generally regarded as competent and efficient workmen, in some oases
superior to recent university graduates.
C 0 ' J 1 I b ' i -r, A L
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C o ve r 117 E nI Ti tch, I
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At the Gdansk Branch, university-level graduates were presumed to be quali-
fied immediately after graduation to perform work of Class 4, while middle school
graduates were regarded as qualified for work of Class 7. (See paragraph 7a below
for explanation of work-classification system.)
6. Disposition of Finished Maps and Survey Data
The central archives for triangulation and leveling data were maintained
at GUGiK headquarters, while the Delegaturas (see paragraph lh above) maintained
working reference files of these data.
The Gdansk Branch usually made six blueprint copies of all finished work
and delivered them to the "investor" (that is, the agency for whom the work was
done). the maximum number of copies that could be made 25X1
was 10. The original a no s, computations, and tracings produced at the
Gdansk Branch were sent for permanent safekeeping to the Geodetic Section of the
City National Council (Miejska Rada Narodowa, Oddzial Geodezyjny) of GDANSK.
similar geodetic archives were maintained in all provincial capital cities 25X1
in o an , and in some other large cities.
25X1
In the case of work done for any military agency, blueprint copies were
made only upon the specific request of the "investor". The surveying agency turned
over to the military "investor" all original and duplicate field notes, computa-
tions, tracings and sketches, and all blueprint copies, if any. Not even triangu-
lation data was retained or forwarded to GUGiK headquarters.
The "investor" agency, either directly with the Gdansk Branch or
through the POPM, or through GUGiK headquarters, requested an estimate on a parti-
cular job as specified by the "investor". In some cases, the "investor" even let
the Gdansk Branch know how much money they were planning to spend on a project.
If the su tted coat
estimate was satisfactory to the "investor", a contract was drawn up and signed,,
and the work was begun.
In preparing a cost estimate ---was bound by tables and regula-
tions issued by GUGiK headquarters. The rates shown in these tables included all
factors of cost, including wages of the survey crews and draftsmen, materials and
supplies, transportation, logistical support, wages of supervisory and overhead
personnel, and a profit margin. The tables gave the allowable rates in zlotys per
man-hour per unit of survey. The unit of survey might be given in hectares for an
area survey or in kilometers for a traverse or road survey. The factors reflected
in these tables were: (1) The maximum allowable working time in hours per man per
unit for different types and scales of surveying work (various orders of triangula-
tion and leveling, traverse surveys, city plans, forest surveys) and the degree of
skill required in performing the work. There were eight degrees of skill as listed
in these tables: 1A 1 2 , 4, 5, 6, and 7, in decreasing order. As an illustrative
example a tabulation might be in the following form:
0_0 k) P1 .D E i'J T-! A L
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c o t"J i . E J -rI ^ L_
Time Allowed Qreeof Skill
II_ i __ Type of Survey Per it Re red Zlotys/man/hr
Hectare Forest Survey 12 man-hours 4 6 zlotys
105,E
Having determined the gross basic cost estimate, Iapplied a coefficient
which was based on the degree of difficulty involved in the Job. The difficulty
coefficients ave consideration to the topography of the area, ground conditions
(swamp or dry#, complexity of terrain features, ease of access to the area, density
of vegetation, number of buildings or structures in the area, and density of vehi-
cular traffic or other disturbing conditions. An area with no difficult aspects
would theoretically have a coefficient of 1.00, while an area which presented
lties might have a coefficient ranging up to 1.07 or 1.08.
chief of section always examined the actual site of every survey job
before preparing a cost estimate, in order to assess the difficulties involved.
After this assessment, the basic cost estimate was multiplied by the coefficient
to give an adjusted cost estimate.
b. Payment of Contracts
The Gdansk Branch never retained payments for the jobs it did. Payment
was made by the "investor" to the Gdansk Branch by check, and the check was for-
warded to POPM in POZNAN. The Gdansk Branch had an open bank account in GDANSK,
to which the POPM transferred the monthly payroll and other necessary funds.
c. Wagea
Prior to March 1957, the field crews and draftsmen of the Gdansk Branch
were paid a salary. The Gdansk Branch office thereby assumed the risk of loss due
to bad weather, incorrect reference data, mistakes on the part of the crews which
might necessitate re-doing the work, and other unforeseeable difficulties or bottle-
necks. However, in March 1957,a new system came into effect whereby the field
crews were allotted the total amount designated for wages in a second cost estimate
which was computed for field and drafting work, materials, and gasoline, separately.
The total monetary amount estimated for wages, usually 40 to 60 percent of the ad-
justed cost estimate as submitted to the "investor", would be divided according to
differential scales among the surveying and drafting personnel, and spread in monthly
increments over the total period of time estimated for the job. The working crews
than assumed the status of contract workers in that they would be paid the same
amount of money regardless of the amount of time spent on the job.
Payday was on the first of every month. Every employee received his
base pay at this time, and on the 17th of the month received a supplementary pay
which was based on a bonus system. The monthly payroll for the Gdansk Branch was
about 150,000 zlotys in the summer and abnut 70.009 zlotys in the winter.
the following pay scales, a change in basic pay scales
was taking place as of April 1958:
The Technical Documentation Section was on a piece-work system (Na
0-0 NJ FIrL.(JTI 1 L
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600 zlotys for 5,000 hectares or less
700 zlotys for 5,000 to 10,000 hectares
850 zlotys for 10,000 to 25,000 hectares
1,300 zlotys for 25,000 to 100,000 hectares
there might have been a demarcation at 50,000 hectares
a correspondingly higher rate from 50.000 hectares to 100.000 hectares'
7,500 zlotys for 100,000 to 1,000,000 hectares
base pay was 900 zlotys per month, but with the piece-work system, he
averaged about 2,000 zlotys.
The manager of the Gdansk Branch received about 4,000 zlotys per month.
The surveyors sometimes received 4,000 to 6,000 zlotys per month during
the height of the summer season, but this dropped considerably during the off-
season.
The senior surveyors received about 29500 to 39000 zlotys per month,
To compensate for increased living expenses incurred while away from
home, a per diem payment was authorized of 21 zlotys per day per man while working
in a provincial capital (unless the provincial capital was where the home office
was located) and 18 zlotys per day per man in all other locations. Hotel rooms
or other living quarters were paid for on a reimbursable basis.
8. Miscellaneous Technical Geodetic and SurveYing Information
Triangulation points were located on reference maps (1:100,000) which
were kept in the files of GUGiK headquarters and in the Delegatura offices. Such
coverage was available for all Poland. , EaCbr such map was designated by the verti-
cal row (Slup) and horizontal row (pas) in which it was located on the master
catalog, and was divided into nine grid squares which were designated by capital
letters A to I. although the letter designations were not shown in the grid square:
A
B
C
D
B
F
G
H
I
The actual location of all. triaag?latien stations was designated in pencil or ink
by numbers (not in sequence), and there was no identifidatien of the order of the
survey.
C?NJt=IDEwT1,&,k .
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COr'J FIcaNTI~tL
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individual sights could made at a distance up to
50 IM for first order surveys, 8 to 15 km for second order surveys, and * to 3 km
for third order surveys.
In 1952, the only two base references in.Polandl I, at Borowa
Gora and at WIELICZKA, were converted mathematically from the AMSMDAM, Holland
elevation datum to the KRONSTADT, USSR elevation datum. All now surveys were
thereafter based on the no conversion program
for old leveling data. I no over-all conversion program to Gauss-
Kruger ceordinateal shad seen examples of four different coor-
dinate systems in Polando Gauss-Kruger, Berowa Gora Wieliczka, and a fourth
unidentified one in the Katowice region which was a
days of the Austrian hegemony over that part of Poland. However
had never seen or heard of Polish maps published after WW II sic .
All maps prepared by the Gdansk Branch were classified "SECRET" if any
military installations, ports, POL dumps, railroad stations, or other facilities
of military significance were shown. Normally, however, and unless specific in-
atructionswere received, military camps, caserns, and installations were not sur-
veyed and were not indicated on the map. The space was left entirely blank and
not even the boundaries of the installation were indicated.
Third ardor triangulation monuments of concrete or out atone were manu-
factured in POZNAN and delivered to GDANSK. (See Annex K and L
sketches of typical monuments and leveling bench marks.)
theme types were probably used also for second and third order triangulation
stations.
C O N1 F _J E ICJ 'T I R L.
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9.[
encie
NAME: Jerzy SZThDNSKI
dotJ1=-DEnITI ^L.
-16 -
Civilians Employed by Polish Surveying
LAST KNOWN ASSIGNMENT: Director of the Department of Planning in GIJGiK head-
quarters (Main Administration of Geodesy and Cartography)
in WARSAW for at least six years
NAME.- Jerzy NEUMANN
LAST KNCMN ASSIGNMENT: He had an unknown assignment in the Polish Air Force
headquarters in WARSAW. His assignment had now
connection with surveying.
CaQ Fi tE,-JTIAL.
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Cot Ft~C~ TI fs L--
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NAME: Tadeuez DOBROWSKI
LAST KNOWN ASSIGNMENT.- Manager of the Gdansk Branch of the Poznan District
Surveying Enterprise of the Main Administration of
Geodesy and Carteeraphv (GUGiK). since 1952
NAME- RAWINSKI, (f nu)
LAST KNOWN ASSIGNMH4Ts Chief of the GUGIK Delegatura in GDANSK since at least 1952
C On) FI I tQ 1 1^C--
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CONFiZ Ejf1, L_
B. SOVIET ARMY OONSThUCTION SITE
In August 1956, a crew of the Gdansk Branch made a survey of a small area on
the Baltic Sea coast (goo Annex M ). This survey was made for the purpose of
acauirine farm land for military use
it was probably far a Soviet 25X1
Army installati due a visit to this area, construction
activity immediately adjacent to it, and thou presence of Soviet uniformed person-
al.
The.aria indicated as 1. on Annex M was enclosed by an upright barbed- ire
fence along the highway and along the east side dawn to the shore. not 25X1
know the extent of the fence or the area in the northwest direction. There was
a large read sign posted on the side of the highway which stated in Polish "No
St" P ing" F_ F 25X1
personnel from the Gdansk Branch drove out to this area in order to transmit 25X1
some he surveying Qorew, and as they drove along this stretch of
road a Soviet officer, mounted on a motorcycle, emerge onto the 25X1
highway rem a w ed area on the southwest side of the road. Not knowing exactl
where their surveying crew was working,
in which the surveying crew was working. There was a concrete mixer, a power shovel
d unknown numbers of bulldozers i,orking inths construction area.
no buildings or other structures within the construction areaF----]
In driving past this areal !saw an unidentified
antenna projecting from the roe s a small one-a ory, flat-roofed shack near the
highway. (See Annex N for pinpoint location.) The shack was about four meters
long and four meters wide, but could not state of what material it was
built. There were two or three men in Soviet Army uniform in the immediate vici-
nity of the shack. The antenna consisted of a single upright element, about 1* to
2 m high, topped by 2 horizontal elements at right angles to each other, about
l1 m long and rotating at about 25 to 30 revolutions per minute (see Annex N).
a loud buzzing
or himdng sound could be board coming from the interior of the shack.
Zaglushitelnaya Stantsiya).?
this installation might be a Jamming station
C O 1,3 F 1 EN G N) TI ^ L-.
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C o nT F D E NJ T J r4 L.-
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Annex A
PINPOINT LOCATION OF THE GDANSK BRANCH OF POPM
Map Reference :
44 , I 25X1
Scaly 1:25,000
30
47
i- 5
co tJ r-~. EtJTt AL
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Annex B
GUGit
30
281
ILLUSTRATIVE SAMP1E OF TRIG LISTINGS ON SHEET OF VELLUM PAPER (21 x 25. M)
s 30 P 25, Lit B f
a B)
s i n ation
g
D e(Norma)
Lubrzanski Church
or
other
place names
Year of Compilation
and Printing
System
(Uklad}
Y
In meters
Gauss-KrugerX20 300.25
x
(In motors
15 250.75
Data not
available
(Brak)
Signature of
Validating Official
5uaed for indicating map sheet (by vertical row (Siup) and horizontal row (Pas))
and specific quadrant of the map sheet (by Roman capitals A to 1).
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I
Boon T?
K11 ASW.-)
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CO N F=1 7D EJ TI Pc L.
ILLUSTRATIVE SAMPLES OF DESCRIPTION OF TRIANGULATION STATIONS MAINTAINED
IN THE FILES OF GUGIK HEADQGABTERS AND TIE DELNGATURAS
Slup 30 Pan 25, Lit B
Topographic Description of Triangulation Point Nr 30
(Opia Topegraficzny Punktu Triangulacyjnsgo Nr 30)
ton.)
(Galka pod
krzyzem
jest pmk-
Sketch of Church on
which Triangulation
Station is located.
Distance and direction of
emplaced monument indi-
cated from building corners.
Alternate Type oaf 'Sketch when
Station is not a prominent landmark.
CoN-1 FtbEN'T) ,c-:N L
Province:
County:
Village:
Gdansk
Wijherowo
CZARNA
The ball
under the
cress is
the point.
Overlay-Sketch
showing prominent terrain in region
of Triangulation Station. Usually
1:25,000, rarely 1:100,000.
Travel to MTHEROWO by train. Written in-
From WEJHEROWO to village about 5 km. structione
showing how
to reach trig
station.
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e o nt tc t D F tJ Tt A L.
Annex D
EXTENT OF SURVEY OF THE PORTS OF GDANSK AND GDYNIA
50
+50
(GDXNIA
Map Reference :
Scale 1:100,000
30 1
Cool F- JE&)T! oc~ L
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Awe= E
APPROBATE BOUNDARM OF LBBA FOREST DISTRICT SURVET
Nap Reference:
Scale 1:100,000
30
J
F
2
W
A
LL
2
a
U
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co rJ F s~ c nJ T l P L_
-24,.
Annex F
APPROXIMATE BOUNDARIES OF CSWICB FOREST DISTRICT SURVEY
Map Reference:
Scale 1:100,000
CON F= ll, Z Eli -r i A L.
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CDNFIJE JiIAL_
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Annex G
APPROXIMATE BOUNDARIES OF BOZ3P0I8 FOREST DISTRICT SURVEY
Nap Reference:
Scale 1:100,000
C o N Fi D ElJ -r I ,a L
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Qo'J -T.*) GN~ TIA
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Annex H
APPROXIMATE BOUNDARIES OF CHOCZEW FOREST DIStICT SURVEY
Shading indicates area where
field work was completed by April 1958.
co nI F I ]E -J Tl IcN L-
18000,
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BOUNDARIBS OF KAMINN AND CHXLJMIA FOE M DISTRICT SUM=
Map Reference:
. Scale 1:100,000
30 ,
Non-contiguous portion of
Cb7lonia Forest-District
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(2 or Fj ZG-= IJTI L.
_28-. 25X1
Annex J
APPROZIMATS BOUNDARIES OF KOI%OW AND GORA FOREST DISZRICT SURVEYS
Co n-Pi DENTIAL
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c. )F'1D~=-~)T1AL
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Annex K
SKETCH OF TYPICAL THIRD-ORDER TRIANGULATION )I)NUN NTS
POSSIBLY ALSO FIRST AND SECOND ORDER) USED IN POLAND
(Scale: About one-tenth actual size)
H low iron pipe (30 cm
long, 2 to 3 cm'.in diamete
cemented into monument for
W*oA s, positioning.
Concrete or stone bass plate
was out with a cress mark to
f--~I indicate precise location of
1 1 triangulation point.
Altraat. Typo of Monument Top, With No Iron Capping
Top View, showing cross mark
cut into top of monument.
Can! rt "DO ZN rl P
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CON Ft b JJ T i Pp L_
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SKETCH OF TVTCAL IEVELING BENCH MARK USED IN POLAND
(Scales About one-tenth actual size)
Iron er steel inserts,
cemented into body of
O o 40-45
Detail of Iron or Steel Insert
nt, for exact
positioning of leveling reds.
Note: This type of insert was also cemented into the
exterior wall of prominent buildings, when those
buildings were used instead of monument
rrations for stability
CorJPIDCP,371A ...
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010 nj I = L-
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Annex M
POSSIBIZ SOVIET ARMY OONSTtUCTION SITE AND UNIDENTIFIED EIICIF(ONIC STATION
Map Reference:
j0
9onmtractien
Site
1/r.
Scale 1:25,000
Area being mnrveyed
by the Gdanak Branch
Unidentified Soviet Army
11 Electronic Station
76 25X1
CU t b EtTI A L-
Pommibl
Army
/?, Soviet
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I
eatO 171nIE J -nPSL_
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Annex N
SKETCH OF UNIDENTIFIED ANTENNA SEEN ON THE BALTIC COAST 25X1
OF POUND
(Seal.: Abut 1:50)
On.-Story Shack
GOnI Ft tG"J TI A L
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25X1
4e
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