(SANITIZED)UNCLASSIFIED SOVIET PUBLICATIONS ON RADIO SCIENCE(SANITIZED)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
• Release Decision: RIFPUB
• Original Classification: K
• Document Page Count: 580
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 7, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Content Type: REPORT

i
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
MHHHCTEPC.TBO
PAAMOTE XHH 'IECKOH JIPOMbIIUJIEHHOCTH CCCP
TPY~bI
HAYgHO-HCCJIE1OBATEJIbCKOrQ
HHCTHTYTA
BbItlycic 5 (34)
1956 ,-
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 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
M MHHCTEPCTB6
PA,JYIOTEXHH4ECKOPI I-IPOMbILIIJIEHHOCTI4 CCCP
TPY4bI
IHAY1IHO-IHICCAEaOBATEJIbCKOFO
I-1HCTI-ITYTA
BbinycH 5 (34)
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 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
'OTBeTCTBeulibuu pe,uaKTOp H. Z IEBOTKOB
3aM. OTBeTCTBediHOro pe,J,aKTOpa B. C. JIYKOIIIKOB
PEJ.~AKL[HOHHASI KOJIJIEFHA:
AcrpuK B. A., A45aKacbee B. A., Tepyc B JI., jgypucoe B. A.,
Katuriurcoe H. T., Koaaneorco B. (P., MernaK I'. A.,
O.nettuf J. ll., Hacryxoa A. H., HerpeHKo 3. T.,
Pozoeatt H. E., Pyrcriai F. H., CTpyTUKCkuii H. 11.,
cedoceee A. H., L apea B. M., YepenKuK H. B., Illaxoe K. H.
CAaHO B Ha6op 6/VIII 1956 r. founHCano K nevaTH 27/IX 1956 r.
O6beM 4,5 n. .n. EecnnaTHO
07772 THpa>K 500 9K3. 3aKa3 817
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 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
O )JHCIIEPCHH MHOrOCTYIIEH'ATbIX LXEIIO'IEK
4ETbIPEXIIOJIIOCHHKOB
Lteno Kat , COCTaBJ1eHHa1 H3 neplOJH9eCKH nOBTOPSIOIU'IXCII
rpynn rio Q -veTblpeXHOJIIOCHIiKOB, Ha3bIBaeTclI Q -ciyneH4aTOH
uerogK0H 4 eTbIpexnoJIK)cHHKOB. BbIBejjexo ypa BHeHHe iiicnep-
c"H Jl,r1iI 9eTblpex BHJ[oB Q -CTyrleH4aTOH IenoiKH ileTblpeX-
nOJIIOCHHKOB.
PacCMOTpHivf nOJly6ecKOHeuHyrO uenOTIKy geTblpexno.nloCHHKOB,
KOTOPYIO MO}KHO pa3614Tb Ha nepHo wieCKH IIOBTOPSIIOHjHeCA
rpynnbl H3 Q- zieTbIpexnoJIIOCHHK0B. TaKaFI ueno'Ka Ha3blBaeT-
C51 Q- CTyneHtlaTOH [6].
B JIHTepaType [2, 4, 5] paccMaTPHBalOTCH JIHUIb ,nByxc7yneH-
qaTble H TpexCTyneHLlaTble uenOIIKn. B KatiecTBe TpexCTyneH'-IaTof,
I(enonKH pa3o6paH TOJIbKO ZI
,IaCTHbIN cjlygaci, KOrJta Ka3K-
1tbIN LIeTbIPeXfOJIIOCHHK ne-
pHo)ja MO)KHO Hpe) CTaBIITb B
JOB, Me}K,gy KOTOPbIMH BKJIIO-
LIeHO HeKOTOpoe cOnpOTHBJIe- HbIH 113 JIBYX OTpe3KOB BOJ]HOBoJja,
HHe Z; , npHLIeM lleTblpex- Me>KJjY KOTOPHMH BKJIIO9eH0 I1eKOTO-
BOJIIOCHHKH nep iojja MOryT poe C('ripOTHBJIeHIIe Z Z.
OTJIHIIaTbC51 JIHIIIb 9THMH COnpOTHBJIeHHSIMH (pHC. 1).
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 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
3AeCb MbI paCCMOTPIIM Q- CTyneHTlaTble uenooKn, np-m ie1O
OrpaHH4HMCH BbIBOAOM ypaBHeHIfHI aiicnepcIIH a,IH LleTblpex
BFAOB Q- cTVneHtlaTblx I1,enotleK, H306pa}KeHHb1X Ha pHC. 2-5.
B rlepBOM H3 HHX (pHc. 2) Ka>KJJbIN nepuoj cOCTOHT in
f.-o6pa3HbIX LleTblpexnonlOCHHKOB, OT.nH'IaIo1UMXC51 COnpOTHBJIe-
HHHMH Zi ; BO BTOPOM (pHc. 3) - H3 T-o6pa3HbrX '{eTbIpeXno-
JiIOCHHKOB, OT,nHPIa1OH.1,HXCH npOBOAHMOCTHMH Yi . B TpeTbeM BHjl,e
IxenotiKH (pHc. 4) Ka)KAbIF[ nepHo4 COCTOHT H3 OAIfHaKOBbIX CHM-
McTpHtiHbIX 1eTbIpeXHO,nIOCHHKOB C XapaKTepHCTHLIeCKIIM COnpO-
THB;ileHHeM Zi H (pa30BOA fOCTOSHHOF , .Me}Kj(y KOTOpbIMH
PHC. 2. Q- CTyneH4aTaA ueno4Ka I I-o6pa3HbIX 4eTbIpexnOJHOCHHKOB,
OTJIH4aIOn1HXC$l COnpOTHB.neHHcMH Zi
PHC. 3. Q-CTyneH4aTaH geno4Ka T-o6pa3Hblx 4eTblpeXnOJlloc-
HnKOB, OTJIH4aiomiiXCfl BpoFX RHMOCT1MH Yi
2 j~, 2
ZI,
PHC. 4. I._[Cn04Ka 113 4eTbIpeXHO.1IOCHHROB C nocJIeAoBaTeJIb11bIM
BKJIIO4eIIHeM COBpOTI1B.]IeFIHfJ Zi.
Z1, I
Z,;-- Z1;- Zf'
Zr;2
Z,;8
PHC. 5. I. enOIKa H3 4eTbIpeXH0JIIOCHHK0B C napaJLJleJIbHbIM BKJ1104euHeM
npOBOAHMOCTeu Yi,
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BKJIK)LIeHbI nocneJIOBaTeJ1bH0 pa3,JIHgHble COnpOT1'1BJ1eHHft Z,.. B
LieTBepTOFI uen04Ke (pHC. 5) Ka>KJZbIFI neplioji, COCTOHT 1,13 TaKIIX
}Ke L1e'IbIpexnojilOCH1lKOB, Me}K4y KOTOpblMH BKJI}OLIeHbi napaJi-
JIeJ1bH0 pa3JIH4Hble npOBOJ>,HMOCTH Y'.
Hanpsl>KeHHH H TOKH J(JIq Ka)iu oro LIeTbIpexiioji}oCHHKa
MON{HO CBH3aTb paBeHCTBOM [1]:
MaTpnua
1
cos u; (cos ~Yr ;
(1)
(2)
Ha3bJBaeTCN MaTpnueFi nepeuaLIH 4eTblpexnOJI1OCHHKa.
BblBeae4 ypaBHeHHe RHCnepCMH aJI.9 nepaoF[ uenotIKH. Ka}x-
J;biii ee nepHo,rj COCTOHT 143 Q-CH.MMeTpHgHbIX II-06pa3HbIX
LleTbIpexnoilIOCHFIK0B. MaTpnua nepejl,aLIH Ka)KJ1,oro TaKoro LleTbl-
peXnanIOCHIuKa [1] HMeeT BH)J:
1 + Yzi zi
Ilai Ii=
Y(2+YZ,) 1-j-YZ1
BBOJisl o6o3Ha ieHHe COS u; =1+YZ1 , no,nyLlaeM:
Y(cos y, +1) cos y;
0- 1
Y
all a12
a21 a22
+ Cos ~pj
Ilan 11=11 b11+11ci II,
(3)
(4)
(4')
(5)
5
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(6)
Ilci 11=coscp1
,UJISI BbIBOJja ypaBHeHHH gHcrepCHH BbISICHIIM HeKOTOpble
CBOI=ICTBa MaTpHU 11 b II H II ci 11 ?
1. KoJiMyTaTUaHOCTb npou3aeaeHUSi JaTpUL4 Ilci II U Ilck II.
3TO CBOI'1CTBO o ieBHJ[HO, TaK KaK K03(p(JHI(HeHTb1 COS (p/ H COS yk
CKBJISIpHbI H BbIHOC5ITC5I 3a 3HaK HpOH3Be,AeHH5I. Calla }Ke MaTp14-
Ua OT HH,I[eKCa He 3aBHCHT.
2. I7pou3eedenue n AtaTput
Ilcll = Ilcoll_Ilclll ... Ilc,,-I II =
M1 ',
= 2'?-1 Cos Po Cos c1 ... coscpra_1
) OKa3bIBaeTCSI McTO,gOM HHJiYKUI1H.
3. CTeneiU MaTpUl4bt II b II :
IIbII4k+1=-IIbII4k+3=IIbII k = 01, ..., n
IIbII4k=- IIbII4k+2=11111
k=0, 1,...,ti,...
(7)
JjOKa3b1BaIOTCSi Henocpe4CTBe1IHbIM yMHo}KeHHeM. 3,7eCb [I] - e H-
1-I14LIHa51 MaTpuua.
4. I7pou3aedehue
Ilci 11 11b1111+111Ck11=10 (10)
.L oKa3bIBae1'CH HeuoCpeJI.CTBeHHb]M yMH03KeHHEM C HCHOJIb3OBaHHeM
(J opMyJlbl (8). 3,aecb I - ,nto6oe uejloe IIHCJio.
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143 (1JOPMyJIbI (10) SICHO, LITO eCJIH B ' KaKOM-JII160 npOJ13Beae-
HHH 60,nbworo 4HC,na maTPHU HMeeTCSI COMHO}KHTeJIb BHaa
Ilci II IbII21+1 IICk II,
TO Bee npoH3Bep,eHHe paBHO HyJIIO.
5. Hpousaecenwl:
Ilcll Ilbll = 2 17-' cos po ... Cos Y? -I
Ilbll IlcIl = 2"-' COS .?o ... cos ?_1
I - 1
Y
Ilbll Ilcll IIbII = 2n-' cos yo ... Cos yn-1
(12)
(13)
,aOKa3bIBaf0TCSi HenocpeACTBeHHbIM yMHO}KeHHeM. 3aeCb lbIl H
IICII Onpej[e.nsI0TC5I paBeHCTBaMH (6) H (7) COOTBeTcTBeuHO.
HafAeM MaTpnuy nepeaa4H IIa(Q)II uenoyKH H3 Q - 4eTbi-
peXI1OJIIOCHHKOB (pnc. 2), Korp,a 3HaTIeHH)I Zi pa3JIH'Hbl. rlepe-
MHO}Ka)I Q maTPHU (5), noriy4aeM
Ila'Q)II = (IlbIl -I- Ilcoll) ... (IIbII -1-- IICQ-III). (14)
Haizasi IIa(Q'II, noJIyTIHM Tenepb ypaBHeHHe
aiQ)+ 2Q)
COS Q cp = 2
aHCnepCHH [31:
(15)
KOTOpOe cnpaBea.iHBO RJI.9 Jlio60r0 o,6pa'rvi or0 4eTblpexno.nlocHH-
Ka H, B 4aCTHOCTH, JJ.Jl51 Q -CTyneH4aT0I1 uen04KH 4e.TblpeXno-
JIIOCHHKOB. 3aeCb Qjp - CaBHf ()7a3bI Ha nepHOae ueno4KH.
BbIpa3HM npaayio 4aCTb (15) 4epe3 3JIeMeHTbI maTPHU [jail , a
~i .
HMeHHO tiepe3 BeJIHtHHbI cos
ECJIH paCKpbITb CKO6KH B (14) Aim Ila(Q)lj, To nOJIy4HM
CyMMy BceBO3M0>KHbix npOH3BeaeHHH llbll H IICi II. 3JIereHTbi a(,Q
H a(Q) MaTpHubI IIa~Q)II npeaCTaBJ 11OT co6O~i CVMMy 000TBeT-
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CTByIO11]HX 3.IIeMeHTOB MaTpI1 , HBJI5IIOI4HXC2 3THMH BceB03M03K-
HbIMH npOH3BeJJeHH51Mr1. HeTpyAHO BHJ[e1'b, LITO BCe CJIaraeMble
C HeLIeTHbIM LIHCJIOM COMHO}KHTeJIe11 IIbII JIH60 paBHbl HyJ11O, C01'-
JIaCHO (8) HJIH (10), JIH60 BXOA51T B a(Q) H a (Q) C pa3Hb1MH
11 22
3HaKaMH, cor.iaCHO (11) 11J1H (12), HMeH OJj1HaKOByIO BeJIH-
'IHHy. 3T0 IIPHBOJ[HT K TOMy, LITO B ypaBHeHHH p,HCnepcHH . (15)
01'CyTCTByIOT CJIaraeMble, COOTBeTCTByiomme HeLIeTHOMy LIIICJIV
COMHO}KHTeJ1ec IIbII . TaK KaK B (14) MHO)KHTC?iH COS ;Qi HMeIOT-
CH TOJIbKO B MaTpHuaX II ci II , TO CJIaraeMble B npaBOll 'IacT17
ypaBHeHHH uHcnepCHH HMeIOT LIHCJIO COMHOMKHTeJ1e11 COS yi , paB-
Hoe Q-21, me 1 - uejioe 4n no (0 c 1 < Q ) .
C.narae v1ble (14) C LIHCJIOM COMHO}KHTe.nell Ilb II, paBHbIM 4k +2,
IIMe[OT npH Ri4aPOHaJ]bHb]X 3.nemeHTaX 3HaK MHHYC (CBOIICTBa 3 H
5) , ecji TOJIbKO OHH OTJIHLIHbI OT HyJISi. flocJIej(Hee CnpaBeAJIHBO
JIIIIlIb B C.nyLlae,- eciiH MaTPHUbl IIbII BXOAAT B npOH3BeJl,eHH51 B
LIeTHOH CTerieHH H, KpOMe 3TOrO, CyMMa CTeneHell npH IIbII B
K,paIIHHX COMHOM{HTeJISIX, corJIaCHO (13), LieTHa.
HanpHMep:
11co11 IIc111 IIbII2 IIc411 IIc5II IIC611 =0
IIbII 11c111 IIbII2 lIC411 IIc5I1 IIbII 0
IIbII 11111 IIc2II IIc3II 110411 11c511 IIbII 0,
11c011 IIbII 11 211 IIbII lIc411 11 511 IIc611= 0?
LIJIeHbI C 1114CJIOM COMHONKHTeJIeIi IIbII, paBHbIM 4k, HMeIOT IIpH
J1,HarOHaJIbHbIX 3JIeMeH'raX 3HaK IIJIIOC (CBOIICTBO 3).
HCHOJIb3y5i (jJOpMyJIy (7), MO}KeM 3anHeaTb Tenepb ypaBHeHHe
J(11CnepCHH (15) J[JIR Q - CTyneHLIaTOI[ ueUOLIKH LIeTbIpeXlro-
JIIOCHHKOB Llepe3 BeJIHLIHHbl COS !?i :
Q--1 Q-1 Q--1 COS Yi
cos Q 2Q 1 (1 cos, i - 2Q-3 N R +
i=-0 k -0 i =0 COS ?k COS Pk+1
+ 2Q 5 k-2 Q-1 Q--I
x E
1=0 k-2 is-o
1-2 k-2 Q-1 Q---t
-2Q s sS n
(16)
B cJly4ae k = Q -1 HHJI,eKC k + I = Q 3aMeuBeTCSI Ha HyJIb.
8
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TaKHM o6pa30M BbIBeaeHO ypaBHeHHe amcnepcim a.n5i Q-cTy-
neH4aTO13 uefO4KH L1eTbIpexnOJIIOCHHKOB, H306pa}KeHHOH H3
pHc. 2. CJlaraeMoe HyjieBOK CTeneHH OTHOCHTeJIbl-IO Cos CDj , eCJIH
OHO cyujecTByeT, paBHO ? 1, corJlacxo (9).
B 'acTHblx c.ny4a3ix JiJISI Q =2, 3, 4 Ft 5 F13 (()opMyJlbl (18)
no.nyuaeM CJIeJ1yioUjue Bblpa}KeHHH:
uAa Q=2
cos 2p = cos po COST, - 1 (17a)
(3TO Bblpa}KeHHe coBnajjaeT C npHBeReHHbIM B [5]) ;
gjIH Q=3
cos 3:p = 4cos To cos p 1 cos 'i'2 - cos cPo - cos Y1 - cos p2 ; (176)
pim Q = 4
cos 4Y = 8cos yo cos y, cos p2 cos T3 - 2cos y2 cos Y3 -
- 2cos cp3 cos p4 - 2cos `?4 cos .p0 - 2cos y. cos cp, - (17B)
-2cosy,cosp2+1;
ujna Q = 5
cos 5cp =16 cos yo cos cp, cos cp2 cos Y8 cos cp4 -
- 4cos y2 Cos .p Cos (D4 - 4cos cp3 Cos ;D4 COs p0 -
- 4cos .p4- cos Yo cos SDI - 4cos po cos SDI cos :?2 - (17r)
- 4cos ?I COS cp2 COS ?3 -+- COs CIPO + COS T I +
+ COS P2 + COS U3 + COS Y4.
HeTpyjHO nOKa3aTb, 4TO gJISI BTOpOl7 uenotIKH (pHc. 3) ypaB-
HeHHe JjiCnepcHH HMeeT TCT ice BHJj (16) C TOI1 JIHIUh pa3HHueil,
qrro B nepBOM cJly4ae
cos;Dj =1-f--Z; Y, (18a)
cos ?; =1 + Z Y1 . (186)
B caMOM gene, Ka}KJjb11I nepHO,L BTOpOU F eno4K11 cocTaBJIeH 143
T-o6pa3Hblx 5i4eeK. MaTpHua nepeJja4Fl Taxoc 9vei4KH HMeeT BIIJj:
1 -f--Y, Z Z(2 +Y1 Z)
Y; ? 1 -}- Y; Z
(19)
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v'IHTb1Ba5l (186), HeTpyJjHO 3arlHCaTb MaTpHuy ICZi II B TaKOM
BHAe:
I l ai 11= cos ~i
06o31iatJHM
1 1 di I I = cos IQi
1 1
Z
(20)
- 1 0
H Ilfll=
(21)
H 3aMeTHM, 'ITO MaTpHLI,a II d, II o6JiaAaeT BceMH CBOI!CTBaMH
MaTPHubl II Ci 11, 3anHCaHHOH BbluHe, a 11 f 11 - CBOI%ICTBamH Ma'r-
PHubI 11 b H. OTcIoja CJ1eAye,r, 'TO ypaBHeHHe AHCnepCHH u,.Ti 1
11eno4K.H, H3o6pa)KeHHON Ha pHC. 3, HMeeT TOT }Ke BHA (16), 1IT0
H AJIfl uenoLlKH, H3o6pa KeHF1oH Ha pHC. 2.
1-IOKa}KeM, 'TO AJI51 Q -CTyneHyaTbIX H,enogeK 'eTblpexno-
JIIOCHHKOB, H306pa?KeHHbIX Ha pHC 4 H 5, ypaBHeHHe J[HCnepCHH
'raK}Ke HMeeT BHA (16). B CaMOM gene, 3aMeHHH Ka}KAyio napy
coceAHIHX CHMMeTpHtIIIbIX 4eTblpeXHOJIIOCHIIKOB O,I,HHM T-o6pa3-
I-ibfM, KaK 11OKa3aHO Ha pHC. 6, HeTpyAHO CBeCTH uenO'IKy, H30-
(pa}KeHHylo Ha pHC. 4, K ILenOgKe, npHBeaeHHOf Ha pHc. 2.
Z,:- Z,; _ Z Z=-,/Z, ty 6
Z =f/,osc8
PHC. 6. 3 KBHBaJIeHTHOCTb HCXOAIIOro veTblpexnoJIIOCHHKa
T-06pa3HOMY.
Z,; 7 Zr, e
PHC. 7. 9KBHBaJIeHTH0CTb HCXOAHOrO veTb;pexno.I1oCIIHKa
n-o6pa3HOMY.
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nocTynau aHaJlorHIIHbIM o6pa3OM (pi . 7), MO KHO CBecTH ue-
nollKy, H306pa}KeHHyIO Ha pHc. 5, K uenogKe oeTblpexnoJliOCHnxoB,
nOKa3aHHOH Ha pHe. 3.
Bblpa}I{eHnsI AAA COS Tj , COOTBeTCTByloLLI,He AB'M nOCJIeJ.1,HHM
uenol[KaM, HMeIOT BHA [4, 7]:
Z
cos cps = cos 0 - 2 Z sin 0
(22)
Z I Y.
cos ;~, = cos) - 2 sin 0. (23)
TaKHM o6pa3oM, BbIBeAeno ypaBHCHHe AncnepcIH (16) A.nsi
oeTblpex BHAOB Q-CTyneHllaTblX uenolleK oeTblpexnojI()CHHKOB.
flpIMepbI npHMeHeHHSI rlojlyveHHoro `!paBHeHHA AJIH HCCJIeAOBa-
HHH 3aMeximotI.WX CHCTeM 6y tyT AaHbI B HOCJIeayK)i4HX pa6OTax.
1. 3 e.rt x x 9. B., OCHOBbI o6tueii TeopHH JIHHefublx 3JIeKTpH4CCKHX
cxeM, AH CCCP, M., 1951.
2. M a H A e JI b n[ T a m M A. H., Co6panue CO4HHCHnf, T. IV, 113-1.
AH CCCP, -1955.
3. C M JI H H P. A., 0 XapaKTepHCTH4eCKnX napaMeTl'ax 4eTblpexnoJIIoc-
1111Ka (B neqaTH).
4. Lines A.. W., Nicoll G. R., Woodward A. M., Some Pro-
perties of Waveguides with Periodic Structure, P. I. E. E,, vol. 97, N 48,
pp. 263-276, July 1950.
5. M i l m a n S., Nord s i e c k A., The Rising Sun Magnetron,
J. Appl. Phys., Febr. 1948.
6. JI H C T 0 B B. H., 3JIeKTpn4eCKne C3HJlbTpbl, ['143, M.-TI., 1927.
7. MarHeTpOHbt CaHTHMeTpOBOrO AHana3OHa, 4. I., H3A? , 1950. % ' ,
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IIPEJJEJIbHO-BOJIHOBOJIjHbIE PE3OHAHCHbIE
CFICTEMbI H IIPEJIEJIbHO-BOJIH0B0,RHbIE
C.B.9. FEHEPATOPbI
PaccMaTpHBa10TC51 YCJIOBHA JIJIH rIoJly~leHIISI MaK('HMaJIbHbIX
MOLUHoc1el1 OT C.B.4. reHepaTOpOB. ae.naeTCH BbIBO,q 0 Ileo6xo-
AI1MOCr11 HpIIMeHeHHI AJIST OtgeHb MOHIHbIX renepaTOpOB pe30-
HaHCHbIX CHCTeM THHa HpeAe.IbHbIX BOJIIIOBOAOB CJIO)KIIOro Cetle-
HHl, HMCIOLMHX 6oJIbmlle pa3Mepbl 110 OTHOIlleHHIO K AJIHHe
BOJIHbI KOJie6aHHP. OAHaKO HX HpHMCHeHHe BeCbMa 3aTpyAIICHO
113-3a HaJ1O)KeHHl pe30Ha[ICOB pa3JI149HbIX BHAOB H HCKa KeHHH
HOAR BCJIeACTBHe yCJ10)KHeHH5i CIIeKTpa B He6JlaronpH51THOM
HanpaBJ1eHHH Hpu yBCJingeHHH pa3MepOB CHCTeMbI.
yKa3blBaeTCfl Ha BO3MO)KHOCTb HOJIy4enHH A{eJ1aeMoro CrIeK-
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Ay 3JIeMCHTaMH CHCTeMbI.
,Lajlee yKa3blBaeTCfl, 4TO nojiytleHHe pe30Hal1CHON CHCTeMbI
C XOpOIIIHM CHeKTPOM HeAOCTaTO4HO aJISI H0CTPOeHH5i yAOBJ1eTBO-
pHTeJIbHO pa6oTaloluero aBTOreHepaTOpa 113-3a KOHKyPCHB,HII
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qeHHH MOHLHOCTH BCerAa )KeJIaTeJIbHO yBeJIHqeHHe pa3MepOB.
12
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
PaccMOTpHM 3T0 o6cTOHTe.TIbCTBBO I=lecxo,nbxo 6o,nee noJlpo6Hto.
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nOTOK. 170,ne3HyIO MOLIZHOCTb, nepeHOCHMYIO B.neKTpOHHbIM nOTO-
KOM, B KOHe'IHOM HTOre MO>KHO npeiCTaBHTb C,neaylOIL,HM Bblpa-
>KeHHeM:
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rJle Y3 - 3JIeKTpOHHbIN K.n.,R.,
f - n.nOTHOCTb TOKa B HCXOJIHOM 3JIeTpOHHOM nyge,
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UT - HanpH>KeHHe TOPMO>KeHHH B,neKTpOHHOFO TINLia B
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TOTHOrO HOJI51, YK,naJIbIBaIOLIIHXC5I B CHCTeMe B Han
paBJI HHH J BH>KeHIHH 3JIeKTPOHHOFO FOTOKa.
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rue ZC,, - ConpoTHBJIeHHe CBH3H KOHTypa rexepaTopa c B;neK-
TpOHHbIM HOTOKOM, OTHeCeHHOe K eaHHHLIHOMy npoMe>KYTKY
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ilOnyCTHMYIO C TOLIKIi 3peHHH HO,TIyLIeHHH 3ail HHON HaM JIOJIrOBeLI-
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
VBejiI34eH4e ZCB 3a C IeT yBeJ1'N4eHH51 BO,71HOBOrO COIIpOTIIB.neIIHR
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yBeJIHLIHBaTb pa3MepbI L H N, TO HHKaKHX CKaLIK006pa3HbIX
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6yAeT yBeJIHLIHBaTbCSI B COOTBeTCTBHH C yBeJIHL1eHHeM N. 4I1CJlo
TOLIe.K Ha BePT'HKaJlbHbIX JIHHHSIX 6yJ(eT' yBeJIIILIHBaTbC51 B COOTBeT-
CTBHH C yBeJIHLIeHHeM L, H OHH Bce 6oJibine 6yayT K rpaHHLIHOFi KPHBOI ( in = 0). TaKHM o6pa3OM, XapaKTep
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2 Tpyiiui H H H 17
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
1)aBHOnlepx0 pacnpejje,neHa BJIO,nb rpe6eHKH. B HPOTHBHOM
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Be B3anMoueICTBHH. FlpH 3TOM UO5B51TCR BblpO>KJjellHble pe3oHaH-
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npHeMJ1eMbIM cneKTpOM HBJIHeTCR TpyjwocI 3aJjanef. OA.HaKO
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Iie.HHlo C HHT(:.pecyloiwjHNM H9C pe30HaHCOM, uT06bI o6ecneLlH'rb
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2) CHCTell4a pacnpeJje.neHHON CB23H C noJIe3HON Harpy3KOH
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CrarbR nocrynuila s peda,uyu o 16 tmneapii 1956 a.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
YCTAHOBKA RJISI HCIIbITAHHSI f1PHEMHO-
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H, eCTeCTBeHHO, nOHBHJIaCb Heo6xogHMOCTb BBeAeHHSI 000TBeTCT-
Byloluero HCnbITBHHA AJISI onpe4e,neHH5I 3anaca [IpOLIHOCTH JIaM11
npH B03,qeACTBHH MexaHHLfecKHX yAapHb1X Harpy30K. KpOMe Toro,
JUJIH npOH3BOACTBa npI1eMHO-yCHJIHTeJlbHbIX IIaMFI n0.ile3HO 3HBTf>
npeAeJlbuble yCKOpeHHH C TO'KH 3peHHH HX nOCTOSIHCTBa, LIT()
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I.ICCea H31'OT013JIeHHH npueMHO-yCHJIHTeJ1bHbIX JIaMn. foji npe-
AeJlbHbIMH yCKOpeHHSIMH nOHHMaIOTCSI TaKHe Be.IHLIHHbI VCKOpe-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO45700380001-3
HHN, npH KOTOpb1X J1ocTHraeTCH npeLLe.n npoLIHOCTH AeTa.nerk HJII1
M1/exaHHKeCKHX CBSI3e14 Me}K,uy HHMH.
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j)e3yJIbTaTOB B03AenC'rBHfl Ha MexaHH4eCKyIO CHCTeMy, HarlpHMep,
BH6pawH0HHbIX Harpy30K, UOCTOHHHOr0 yCKOpeHH9 H T. Fl. C pe-
3yJibTaTaMH B03AeHCTBHH OAHHO4IHbIX MexaHHuecK}IX yJjapoB npH-
BOAHT K BbIBOJiy, LITO npaKTH4eCKH HeB03M0}KHO Bb16paTb KaKoe-
J1H660 HHOe HCnblTaHHe, 3KBHBaJIeHTHOe B03AeuCTBHlo OAHHOLIHbIX
McXaHH4eCKHX yAapHbIX Harpy30K.
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0J);HHO4IHbIX yAapOB CyMMHpyIOTC51 H MOr/T npHBeCTH K Heo6paTH-
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B03A.e.IICTBNe B116patmoH noc ydapa
HbIX Harpy30K M07KeT HpiBe- 110 udaaa I I ,.
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3yJIbTaTbl B03Jf,eHCTBHH TaKOrO
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6
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noTepH npo14HOCTH MarepHaJla. PHC..I. rlpHMep AecpopMagHH npH
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OnHCbIBaeMON AaJ1ee yCTaHOBKe KOHCTpyKUHH JIeHHHrpaA.cKOro
nO.auTeXHH4ecKOrO HHCTHTyTa [11, TaKMKe He HBJIHeTCH 9KBHBa-
J1eHTHbIM OAHHO'IHOMy MexaHH4eCKOMy yuapy.
FIpu MexaHH~IeCKHX yaapax, HMeIOH4HX ()OpMy 3a'1'yxalow1IHx
BH6paUHOHHbIX Harpy30K, 3(jJ(j)eKT HaKOuJIeHHSi uOCJ1eACTBHH Mcxa-
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Ho cjia6ee, 4eM npH oAHHO4HbIX YAapHbIX HMnyilbcax, .nuOo MO-
}KeT COBCeM He Ha6JIIOJ[aTbC51. KpoMe TOFO, npii TaKON (~OpMe
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}Ie}KeJIaTeJIbHOH uaCTOTHOK H36HpaTeJIbHOCTbIO.
CyLueCTByfoLuHe B HaCTOALuee BpeM51 yCTaHOPKII, npeAHa3}Ia-
4eHHb1e J1,JIH }ICnb1TaH}I5I npilerHO-yCHJIHTeJlbHbIX JIaMn Ha B03,aei1-
CTBHe MexaHllgleCKHX yAapHbIX Harpy30K, o6JlauaIOT TaKHMH Cy-
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143!llepeuiucI ycKOpeHHN, HeyAO6CTBOM npOBeAeHHH CaMHX HCnbl-
TaHHFI.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
OnnCblBaeMafl yCTaHOBKa rlpeJ.(CTaBJIneT C0601I ycOBeplllel-Icr-
BOBaHHOe YCTP09CTBO AJI5I HcnbITaHHSI J1aMn Ha B03J er cTBHe McXa-
HH'IeCKOrO yAapa npH yCKOpeHH5X J[0 HeCKOJIbKHX Tb1C5111 g .
2. 0530P KOHCTPYKLUHLT MCHbITATEJ1bHbIX YCTAHOBOK
PaccMOTpHM KpaTKO nPHHl HH 4e17CTBHR rI KOHCTPYKU1110 He-
CKOJIbKI4X THHH'-IHbIX yc-raHOBOK. JUJ1H HCHbITaHHft npHeMHO-yCHJIH-
IeJIbHbIX JIaMi1 Ha B03Ae1%ICTBHe McXaHH'IeCKHX ygapHbIX Harpy3OK.
FIHeBMaTHVeCKaI YCTaHOBKa [II MbI ,euCTBHe C>KaTbIM B03AyXOM. HUM-
'1'brBaeMaft JlaMna noMel4aeTCn BHyTPH rlOpulHH 2. IIociie OTKpbI-
THSI BeHTHJISI 5 nopwleHb C B03paCTaiomeFI CKOPOCTLIO HaLIHHaeT
nepeMel4aTbcf fOJl, JJaBJIeHHeM Bo3)Jyxa. jlpOi i y'-IaCTOK I, r10p-
HIeHb C}KHMaeT B03AyX, 3aKJIIo4eHHblII B npocTpaHCTBe II. B ~Tv
ice BpeMH wpe3 IuenIH 3 HpO14CXO4HT BbIXJIOII c}KaI'OrO B03AyXa H3
npoCTpaHCTBa I.
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I-IUKOBOe 3HalleHHe yCKOpeHHSI riopl-UHA oHpeJl,eJlueTcu HHKOBbIM
3Ha'ieHHeM j>aBJ1eHHu B03jI.yXa B HPOCTpaHCTBe II, ce-1eHHe:M
IJOPHIHH H ero Maccodi.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
q)opMa KPHBON, H3o6pax{aIOMei'I 3aBHCHMOCTb yCKOpeHHH OT
BpereuIH, noxa3aHa Ha pMC. 3. Flo aI,aHHbIM (1)IIpMbI j).
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TeH AO HeCKOJIbKHX aec5iTKOB TbIC1YI g .
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~,KCnJ1VaTaUH1.1, n ro H 51BJ15ieTC51 ee HeaoCTaTKOM.
AMeplKaxcIcafl yCTBHOBKa (3) COCTOHT H3 n.11aT(hopMbl 1
(prlc. 4), CKOJIb3flw,eu no BepTHKaJIbf-IbIM l-IaIIPaBJlnloLnjIM, Ii
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Io'rca KoJIe6aHHH fJIaT()OpMbf, KOTO-777777,
pbie B03Aei1CTByfO'r Ha HCnbITbIBae-
MbIN 06-bel(T OAHOBpeMeHHO C OC- Pee. 4. CxeMa BepTHKCJIbHOH
HOBHbIM MMnyJ1bCOM V'AapHOrO yciKO- HCnbITaTeJlbllou yCTRHOBKH aMe-
pllKancKOro o6pa.ua:
pexnri. KpHBaa, H3o6pa Kaioutao I - nJIaT4)opMa, 2 - HaKOBa11-
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nOKa3aHIIy10 Fla pac. 5,a. ECJIH we Ao yAapa Hal-lecTa Ha UAHy
h3 nOBepXHOCTec S I H.JIH S2 KanJI10 MaCJIa, TO KOJIe6aHH2
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
UJIaT(4JOpMbI He B03HHKa[OT (pHc. 5,6). YCTaHOBKa KonpoBOro Tuna
C03,jaeT yCKOpeHlie B npeJ(eJIaX HeCKOJIbKHX COT g, LITO B p1T e
CJiy4aeB 6blBaeT HegoC'I'aTOLIHO npH HCLIS1TaHHH npHeMHO-yC11J1i4-
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N
PHc. 5. copMa KpHBON, H306pa3KaIoLue6 3aBHCFIMOCTb
YCKOpeHHH OT BpeMeHH (yCTaHOBKa aMepHKaHCKOrC
o6pa3aa).
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DTa aMepHKaHCKacI yCTaHOBKa [4] (pHc. 6) COCTOHT H3 CHapR-
((a 1, CKOJIb3ALLl,erO Me)RJ y HOBepXHOCTHMH SI H S2 , MaSITIIH-
Ka 3, BbIHOJ1HHIOLL(erO pOJlb MOJIOTa, H npOMe?KyTOLIHOcf KOJIOA-
KH 2. HCnbITbIBaeMaH JlaMna no.NleLuaeTCSI BH)'TPH CHapHAa, JIH6o
Ha HeM. BeJIHLIHHa YCKOPeHHSI 3a,LaeTC9 yrJloM OTKJIOHeHHH MaHr?
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PHc. 6. CXeMa MaHTHHKOB01t HCnb?-
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I - cHapuA, 2 - npoMe}KyTOtinail
KOJIOAKa, 3 - MaHTHHK, S1 H SZ-
HanpaBJIAIOLI.1He HOBepXHOCTH.
YcTaHOBKa 3'I'orO THna npeqHa3Hatlexa 4JI2 noJlyLIeHHSI yCKOpe-
HHK Ao 500 g.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
CyLL[eCTBeHHbIM HeJj0CTaTKOM 3T014 yCTaHOBKH 51BJ15T TCfl CJIO)K-
LIOCTb H3MepeHHfl yCKOpeHHH. H3MepeilHe yCKOpeilliB npOH3BOaHT-
CSI KOCBeHHO, JI,ByKpaTHbIM gH(Pq)epeHUMPOBaHHeM KPHBOR JIBH>Ke-
iiHfl CHapfl4a, noJly4IeHHON nyTeM (POT03anHCH.
YcTaHOBKa, OniicaHHafl B [5], COCTOHT H3 JJ,BVX MaSITHHKOB,
noJBeLHeHHb1X Ha o6mec ocH (pHc. 7). Ha ORHOM H3 H1IX noJl-
BeiHeH CHap5iR 1, a Ha BTOPOM - MOJIOT 2. Ale)-Fay MaSITHIIKaMH
pacnojio}KeH TsDKeJ1blf 6apbep 3.
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yCTaHOBKH HI-'H4 MPTII:
I - CHapH , 2 - MOJIGT, 3 - 6apbep,
4 - pe3HHOBa! npoK.naAKa, 5 - KBapH.cBbr1
aKce,nepoMeTp.
1aCTb cHapHJl.a npOXO/I,HT qepe3 OTBepCTHe B 6apbepe H Bbi-
CTynaeT 143 Hero Ha OTpe30K A . Ha IICBepXHOCTH MOJIoI'a HMeeT-
Cfl pe3HHOBafl npOKJlaJ[Ka 4. YAap HpOH3BOJI.HTCSI 3a C IeT KHHeTII-
LIeCK011 3HeprHH na[1,aloL1[ero MOJIOTa. Be.nHtIHHa )ICKOPeHHH 3aB11-
CHT OT yr,na OTKJIOHeHHH MOJIOTa H OT ynpyrOCTH pe3HHOBON
LIpOKJIaJlKH.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Pa3Mep A MoxKHO O4HOBpeMeHHO HOJIYLIHTb 6OJIb-
LHOfi HMnyJIbC CHJIbl, OnpeJgeJIAeMb1N nJIOLua4blo, orpaHHLieHI-IOH
KpHBON H OCbIO BpeMeHH, H 3HaLIHTeJISHble aMfJ1HTy1!,bI BbICOKOLIaC-
TOTHbIX KOMHOHeHT B CneKTpe. Ha.HHLIHe nocj1eAHIHX onpeueJIHe'I'-
('SI KpyTbl\'l CHap,OM KPHBO1%1. Hplf KOJIOKOJIO0(5pa3HOH (j)OpMe KPH-
BON, 1i3o6pa>KalollleH 3aBHC1lMOCTb YCKOpeHHA or BpeMeHH, yBeJiK.
LICHHe HMHyJIbCa CLijlb1 npHBOJI,HT K CHH)KeHHIO aMf.IH'ryjj Bb1COK0-
LtaCTOTHbIX KOMKOHeHT [5].
IIpH 3Ha'IeHH2X A, 6OJIbIIIHX HeKOTOPOFO A,, KpHBa5I 3aBH-
CHMOCTH YCKOpeHHH OT BpeMeHH 6ygeT HMCTb (p@PMY, HOKa3aIlHyFO
l-ia plic. 8,6, TaK KaK V!iap HOJIHOCTbtO 3aKaH4HBae.TCR 1I1O COnAH-
KOCHOBeHHH HpoKJlaj1,KH 4 c 6apbepoM 3 (pHc. 7).
H3MepeHl4e yCKOpeliHH npOH3BOgHTCfl C fOMOH1btO KBapUCBOrO
aKceilepoMeTpa 5, noMen eHHOro Ha CHapHue 1. YcTaHOBKa He
IIO3BOJlHe'r noJlyvaTb YCKOpeHHH 6oJiee 500 g.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
YCTaHOBKa TOpCHOHHOrO THHa
J1eHHHrpaJ[CKoro noJ-HTeXHH9eCKoro HHCTHTyTa
YC'ral-IOBKa [1] (pHC. 9) COCTOHT 143 CTep)KHH Ha KOHue KOTO-
pOrO 3aKpen.TieH par 2. HCnbITblBaeMaH Jlarna A 3aKpenJlHe'rcF{
Ha KOHue pbl4Iara. YJZap HPOH3BOAHTC51 HyTeM BHe3anHoro OCBO-
60)KOeHHH npejl,BapHTeJlbHO 3aKpylleHHOrO C'1'ep)hI!H 1. H3MepeHHe
CKOpeHHSI I11OH3BOJJHTC1 C HOMOLL[bIO TeH30MeTpHPIeCKOro aKeeJte-
poMeTpa, IIOMCU HHHOrO Ha KOHL[e pbIgara 2.
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Pile. 9. CXCMa TOpCHOHHOO HC- Pile. 10. 0 OpMa KpIIBOH, 11306paHtatO-
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CTpyKgHH J1eHI.I!rpaaCKOro HO McHH (TOpCHOIllla5! yCTaHOBKa).
JIHTeXHI14eCKo1'O HHCTI1TyTa:
1 - cTep)Kel!b, 2 - pblvar.
q)OpMa KpHBO11 3aBHCHMOCTH yCKOpeHHH OT BpeMel[H npeJicTaB-
JIneT co6oi 3a'ryXaI=14e KOJIe6aHH9 (pHC. 10).
He,(ocTaTKH ycTaHOBKH npH TaKON q)opMe 3aBPICHMOCTH yCKO-
peHHSI 01' BpeMeHH yKa3aHbI paHee (cm. xapa, H3rH6a1ou HX ycH.TiHIi H T. H. 3TO 3HaLIHT,
'ITO 143OJIHUHR TaKorO Ka6eJIH He gOJI}KHa 06J1aJ1,aTb nbe3o3JleKTpH-
ueCKHM14 CBO}iCTBaMH, a ero eMKOCTb He ,L OJ1}KHa KOJIe6aTbC5I npH
MexaHHLleCKHX B03J1,eNC1'BHSIX.
Ka6eJlb B LteJIOM H erO H3OJIHUHSI JOJINKHbl O6.naJlaTb 3Hal!H-
'reJ1bHOIi McXaHHIIeCKO1i npOIIHOCTb!O, a COHpOTHB,TIeHHe H30JIHUHH
JlOJ1WHO 6bITb [OPSIjIKa 1012 OM.
Oco6afl KOHCTPYKUH[ Ka6eJIH, OnHCaHHa51 B [51, o6ecnetlHBaeT
xopouiy!o ero pa6oTy HPH yCKOpeHH5X ji,o 700g. OJ[HaKO paCCLIH-
TbIBaTb Ha ycne111Hoe npHMeHeHHe Ka6eJls1 B HOBOIi yCTaHOBKe,
C03J1a1cLues ycr opeHHn 2000g, He HpejLCTaBJISIJ1OCb BO3MO}KHb1M.
YKaaaHHble o6CTO5'reJIbCT13a npHBCJIH K CO3;kaHHfO KOHCTpyK-
[HH ycTaHOBKH, OTJ1HIIHO4 01' H3BeCTHbIX HaM OTe'IeCTBeHHbIX H
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3 - pe314HOBaH HJIacTHHa,
4 - KBapueBbla aKce,nepoMeTp.
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yCTaHOBKH KOHpOBorO THna KOHCTpyK-
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3- pe3HHOBbIN AHcK, 4 - KBap(eBblH
aKCeJIepOMCTp, 5 - B031ly111HaA HO-
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7 - ISO>Kyx, 8 - npyx,apa.
UpH coyJ(apeLIHH CBO6O),HO naj(aloLuero cHapSLjla, Macca KOTO-
poro paBHa in, C HaKOBaJIbHeli, MaCCa KOTOp04l paBHa M, Cy-
LHeCTByeT 3aBHCHMOCTb
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1'13MepFB MaKCHMa.TlbHOe 3HageHNe yCKOpeHNa am HaKOBa,nb-
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yCKOpeHHH B npouecce yji,apa CBo60aHo najl,aloLuero cHap3ij1a.
1-lOJjaBaSI Ha BepTLIKaJIbHble nJIaCTHHbI 3JIeKTpoHHoro ocwi I-
Jtorpa(]la 3JIeKTpHLIeCKHN CHrHaJI, Bblpa6aTblBaeMb1A KBapueBbIM
aKceJlepoMeTpoM 4 (pnc. 1 1) , noMeLueHHb1M Ha HaKOBaJlbHe, noJly-
LIHM Ha 3KpaHe (B onpeJ.l,eJleHHOM MaCLHTa6e) H3o6pa)KeHHe KPH-
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OTHOH4eHHe MaC1-HTa60B KpHBOf yCKOpeHHSI jJ12 CHapslj a II
HaKOBaJIbHH 06paTHO npOnOpwHOHa.TIbHO OTHOLHeHHIO 14X Macc.
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9aB, KOr,L a B npoi ecce yji,apa He B036y}KJjaIOTC54 KOJIe6aHHfl
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B OLIHCblBaCMON ycTaHOBKe BO3HHKHOBCHHe K0.11e6aH1141 CHapTI-
jja H HaKOBaJIbHH (B npejlealaX HX Macc) yCTpaHeHO Ha.TIHLIHeM
pe3HHOBO44 npOKJIar KH Me>KJ>,y MaccaMN 111. H M, TaK KaK pe30
HaHCHafl LIaCTOTa KO.TIe6aTejTbHO4i CHCTeMbI, COCTOflH4e41 H3
'.MCC Ill H ll4 H'ynpyrOCTH cai041 npOK.T1aJLKH, 0Ka3bJ3aeTC51 3Ha-
LINTeJ1bHO HLI}Ke pe30HaHCHb]X LIaCTOT KOJIe6aHN4I -OTjjeJIbHO B3B-
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OIjeHKa norpeWHOCTH H3MepeHH l yCKopeHHSI
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Be4eHHafl gaAee, noxa3blBaeT, LITO 9TH norpeLHHOCTH HeBeJIHKH.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
17oapewHOCTb, o6yc.o8 7eHHaR cuiou peat uu npy'iCUhbt
B OnHCbIBaeMON ycTaHOBKe macca M pasha 10 Ke, a Macca
m- 1 K2. YnpyrOCTb npy>KHHbl Bb16paHa TaK, '-ITO n0A T5N{eCrb1O
Maccbl M ee c~icaTHe paBHO 40 MM.
Ha~ReM norpeIJHOCTH H3MepeHH51 yCKO HLlfl npH yAape,
KOrjja MaKCHMyM YCKOpeHHH paBeH 2 000 g, a JTJIHTeJIbHOCTb HM-
nyJlbca paBHa 1 AiceK.
1-IpHHHMaH - a?, = 2 000 g, riojiygaeM cor,nacno (1)
a,, = 2 000 g ? 10 = 200 g.
IIpHHHN1afl C1)OpMy HMnyJIbCa YCKOpeHHH np}IMOyrO,nbHOH,
IialAeM nyTb S, npOI4AeHHb111 HaKOBa,nbHeH 3a BpeMH yRapa, no
C1;op My.ne
aM?t2
S= 2
S 2 000.10 M1ceKI is (0,001 ceic2) 0,00 1,x.
2
B aeACTBHTeJIbHOCTM }Ke nyTb, npOaAeHHbIYl 60.TIbLUOA Maccof
3a BpeMfl yytapa, 6yAeT eme Menblue, Tax KaK peanbHblO HMny.nbC
CHJIbI rHMeeT CpOpMV, 6JiH3Kyl0 K CYIHyCOHJ1,a.nbH01%I.
Crl,na peaKLIHH npy}KHHb1 paBHa
P=kS,
rAe k- KOSC1)C1.JHKHeHT ynpyrocTH,
S - BeJ11i'-II-IHa Aec4opIauHli npy}KHHbI.
B npoLke.cce yRapa citna peaxuHH He npeBbiuiaeT 3HaileHHfl
P= 10 K2 9U =0,25 K2. I-IOCKO,nbKy CHJIa IiHepuHOHHOFI peaKLHN
MaCCbI M BO BpeMfl yRapa He npeBb1HlaeT 2 000 Ke, TO norpCLn-
HOCTb BHOCHMafl peaKunef npy}KHHbI, He npeBhlCI4T 3-Ha' eHHe
100 ? 20 0 = 0,0125
TloepewUHOCTb, o6yc.oeiieHHCau conpoTUeneHueM eo3dtJwH000
nod yULKU
KaK 6bIJIO nOKa3aHO, BO BpeMH yRapa HaKOBa.nbHH CMenaaeTCB
HpH6JIH3HTeJIb1-10 Ha I MAf H C]KHMaeT B03J[yX, 3aK.Tl1ogeHHhII%I
Me?KAy HaKOBaJIbHef H KO}KyXOM 7 (pHc. 11), KOTOpblli o6pa3yeT
B03AyUJHy1o nOAymKy 5. Ha3Ha'ieHHe B03.L1yLHHON HOAyLHKH 3a-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
KJIIOLIae'rcH B aemii HpOBaHHH Ko.ne6aHHN HaKoBaJIbHH nOCJ1e OKOH-
LIaHHH npouecca yJjapa. BblcoTa B03JjYLLIHOFI HOJjyLHKH opHeHTH-
POBO HO paBHa 100 MM. F1pH cx;H nonepe'HOro ceggeHHSI HaKOBaJIbHH, paBHOFi
200 CM2, C03,gaeTCq TOpMO35HIi[ee ycH,nHe OKO,0O 2 /Ce, 'ITO npeJj-
CTaB,nSieT C060N no OTHOHIeHHIO K HHepIHOHHQN peaKulEH HaKO-
Ba.nbl-IH 2, paBHON 2000 Ke, Bcero JIHI.Hb 0,1 %.
143 oueHKH norpelwHOCTeFI BHJI,HO, LITO ycxopeHHe a,n HCnbl-
TbIBaeMON JlaMnbl, noMeujaeM013 BHyTpH CHapHJ[a, MO}KHO onpe-
J[e,11HTb C ROCTaTOgHOA TOLIHOCTbIO, YMHO}KHB yCKOpeHHe HaKO-
AI
BaJIbHH and Ha COOTHOLLIeHHe nz , T. e. a,, = am
3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHaH npoaepxa yCKOpeHHN, ncjlyleHHbIX
OHHCOHHbIM McTOJ10M, noKa3aJla, q TO HCTHHHbie ycKopeHHH, H3Me?
peHHble c nOMOIl[blO Ma.nora6apHTHOro aKeeJlepomeTpa, noMe-
iAeHHorO BHyTpH CHapHHJja 1 (BMeCTO HCnbITblBaeMOIi JlaMnbl),
OTJIHLIaIOTCH McHee LIeM Ha 5%*.
OnHCaHHe KOHCTpyKEHH YCTaHOBKH
KHHeMaTHLIeCKaH cxeMa yCTaHOBKH nOKa3aHa Ha paC. 12.
OCHOBHbIMH 3JIeMeHTaMH yCTaHOBKH 51BJIH10TC31:
I. KJIeTb 1, KoTOpaA CBO60AHO CKOJIb3HT nO BepTHKaJIbHOcI
HanpaBJIHIo1 eli KOJIOHKe 2. flepeMeLueHHe KJIeTH orpaHHLIeHO
CBepxy KOJIbLOM 3, a CHH3y KOJIbIjOM 4, HMeIOHjHMH pe3HHOBble
6VCpepbl 5 H 6. KaxKeHHe
KneTH HaIIaJIOCb nO3}Ke 06paTHOro J.[BH}KeHHS1 CHapRAa, HO paHbllle,
LIeM CHapHA, ABHraHCb noc.ne yAapa BBepx, npollAeT nyTb A. 3a-
TeM KJIeTb uOAHHMaeTCf1 BBepx, OT6paCblBa5T 3y6oM 15 3y6 9.
OrpaHHtIHTeJlbHOe KOJIbUO 10 yCTaHaB.nHBaeTCR Ha TaKOM ypOBHe,
'ITo6bI 3y6 15 nOAHRBLIIeIICR K.1IeTH OKa3aJIC1 BbILI]e 3y6a 9 Ha
HCCKO.nbKO caHTHMeTpOB. OnyCKaRCb, KJIeTb onupaeTCR Ha 3y6 9
(3y6 9 H 3y6 16 CKOHCTpyHpOBaHbI B BHAe 3au[e.noK, OTKHAbIBa[O-
WIIXC51 TOJIbKO B OAHy CTOpOHy), nOC.ne -iero AaJIbHeIILHee onyc-
KaHHe KJIeTH BMeCTe CO CHapHAOM I1pOHCXOAHT 3aMeAJIeHH0
BC,neJCTBIie Ae11CTBHR nOABemeHHorO Ha 6.noKe npOTHBOBeCa 1/.
1-la 3TOM 3aKaH1IHBaCTC5I npoueCC yAapa. IIoAroTOBKa K C,neAylo-
LlleMy yAapy npOH3BOAIITC5 nyTeM BK.nlotlel'HR npHBOAa uenH
FaJIJIR.
K HatIaJ[y RBH>KeHIHR uenH CB23aHHbIII C Hell pbltlar 13 nepe-
XOJI,HT 143 no,no}KeHHH I B nojlo)KeHHe 11, noAXBaTb1BaeT KJIeTb 3a
BbICTyn 12, noAHHMaR ee AO OrpaHHIIHTe.nbHOro KOJIbua 3, 3aTeM
BbIXOAHT H3 Cueri ieHHR C K.neTh1O, KOTOpaH nOCJ[e 3TOFO OnllpaeTCR
3y6oM 15 Ha 3y6 16. K.neTb OCTaeTCH B 3TOM nO.no>KeHIIH AO Hatla-
iia CJ[eAyioulero yjapa. IIpH BTRrHBaHHH c nOMOIublo 3.neKTpo-
NIarHHTa 3y6a 16 BT5rHBaeTC51 TaK>Ke H 3y6 9. Bo3BpaT 3y6a 9
npOHCXOAHT aBTOMaTH'IeCKH nepeA Hatla.uoM o6paTHOFO RBHxKeHHR
CHapRAa noc.ne yAapa. YnpaB.neHHe yCTaHOBKOI'1 3JneKTplli1eC-
KOC, OCVIUCCTB,nleMOe. C ffoMOl1Ib1O AByX KHOHOK: KnOAbeM>> it
, KOTOpble BK,nlotlaloT COOTBeTCTByIOIuHe 3JIeKTpOMarHHTbI.
KOHCTPYKTIIBHON OCO6eHHOCTb1O yCTaHOBKH 5iBJI5ieTc1T TO, 9TO
cl-IapiA, coAep>KaIuu1 ITCnblTblBaemylo JlaMny, yAapReTCR O HaKO-
BaJlbHIO, a K.neTb yAapRercR o 6y4 ep 6. I1pH TaKO11 KOHCTPYKUHII
FJICTb I1CnbITbIBaeT cpaBHHTe,nhHO He60,TlbLUoe ycKopel-IHe (200 g),
B TO Bpem5 KaK yCKOpeHHe CHapTAa npH yAape AOCTHraeT 6oJIb-
LHHX 3liatIeHHN (2 000 g ). Pa3AeJleHHe yAapOB Bb13BaHO TeNI, LITOI
npH npOL[HX paBHbIX YCJIOBH51X Te.lo, o6J1aAaIOLuee MexbHlei-I
MaccoN, HCnbITblBaeT, npH yAape 6o.llblllee yCKOpOHHe. OTAeJ1eHlfe
maCCbl lil. OT KJIeTH nO3BOJLReT yMeHbIHHTb BbICOTy yCTaHOBKH.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
ueJIblo pa3AeJleHHa cHaps1JJa H KJIeTH HBJIIeTCH TaK)Ke o6JIer-
4eHHe YCJIOBFIN pa6OTbI pe3HHOBON npOKJIaAKH 3a C4eT yMeHblue.-
IiriA CI-IJIbI ( in, ? a,, ), AeNC'rBY1Oli(eFI He, pe3HHy npH yAape.
Pac eT YCTaHOBKH
KpuuyIO 3aBHCHMOCTH yCKOpeHHH OT BpeMemi MO}KHO paC-
cMa'I'pHBa'rb B nepBOM np116,JnDKeHHH KaK CHHyCOHAaJIbHyIO.
) lo3TONIy J.IJIHTeJJbHOCTb npoI ecca yAapa MO}KHO paCCMaTpHBBTb
KaK uO.Tlyneplloj KOJIe6aTeJlbHO1I CHCTeMbi, COCTOAH1eI H3 Mac-
CbI in, Nlaccbl M H ynpyroro 9JiereHTa, KOa(1Jq)HInHeHT ynpyrOCTH
KOTOjOIO paBeH h.
Packer 3JlUTeAbnOCTU yoapa
,aJIHTeJIbHOCTb y,napa MO}KHO onpeaeJIHTb Ha OCHOBaHHH
Il3BeCTHOH (kOpMyJIbl pe30HaHCHOA 4aCTOTbI KoJ1e6aTe.TlbHOf CHC-
TeMbT, COCTOSin eit H3 ABYX Macc, CB23aHHbIX ynpyrOCTb1O 11
KOJIe6JIIO[LHXCSI B 11pOTHBOCf)a3e:
k (M + in)
mm
w=2Trf-2n
3Aecb
T - nepnoA xane6axrin.
T
,LJIHTe..nbHOCTb yAapa t= 2 , oupeAeJi ieMarr KaK IJIHpu11a
HMny,nbCa CH,TIbI y ero OCHOBaHHH, MO}KeT 6bITb Bblpa}KeHa B nep-
BOM npH6JIH}KeHHH B BHAe
k (M+m)
mM
PacqeT yckopeHUR u abICOTbr nadenuR
B MONieHT Ham60J1bi.ueA Ae4JopMauHH ynpyroro BJIeMeHTa
CKOPOCTH v1 Macc in m M paBHbI H BbIpa}KaIOTCH C1JopMyJnO)?
my
711 = mn+M
rAe V - Ha4anbHaT CKOPOCTb MaCCbI in, OnpeAeJIS1eMa5I BbICO-
Tol%I nai[eHHSI (HaLIaJIbHaHI CKOpOCTb M3CCbI M paBHa
HyJIuo). . , I
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
B 3TOT MoMeHT KHHeTH,iecxanI 3HeprH(SI o6emx 1l4acc paBHa:
(M
III 2 j
2 tti ( 111+M +M ) 2 V V ttt+M ) z
3Hepru i, 3arlaCeHI4a51 B ynpyroM 3JIeMeHTe B MOMeHT HaH6oJlbllle-
I1O yCKOpeHL1H, T. e. B MoreHT HaH6oJlbLnei1 JLeq)opMau'1H, MoilKyTKax 1, 2, 3 H 4.
YCTpOHCTBO COCTOHT H3 TPeX HCTOIIHMKOB nOCTOSIHHOrO Haripsl-
>KeHHfi - 300, 300, 150 6 - H ABYX COnpOTHBJIeHHH - RI H R2.
Hanpxx{eHHe Ha ynpaBJI5iloLuel7 ceTKe OTHOCHTeJIbHO KaTojl,a paB-
Iio - 150 6.
HanpmKeHHe HaKa,na rIOAaeTCST OT aKKyMyJISITOpa. KOHTaK'r-
lible KJIeMMbi Al 14 A, COC HHSIIOTCA C BXOAHbIMH KJIeMMaM'i
(rOpH30HTaJIbHoro H BepTHKaJlbHoro OTKJIOHeHHA) 3JIeKTpOHHOJIy-
IleBoro ocul'IJIJlorpa(Ja.
Ilpll OTCyTCTBHH cHrHa.na JIyII naAae'1' Ha cepeJI,HHy 3KpaHa.
B 3aBHCHMOCT14 OT TOI'O, B KaKOM H3 4 Me}KJ1,yaJIeKTpgil,HblX
HPOMe>KYTKOB npOHCXOJI,HT 3aMblKaHHe, JIyII OTKJICH5IeTC51 BnpaBO,
b'JIeBO, BBepX HJIH BHH3.
OnbIT 3KCHJ1yaTauHH OnHCaHHON yCTaHOBKH AJISI nCnbITaH!oi
IipHeMHO-yCl-IJIHTeJIbHbIX J1aMH Ha ra03AeHCTBHe yJ1,apHb1X Harpy3oK
UoKa3aJl, ITO yCTaHOBKa HaaeWWHa B pa6OTe, o6TIa,aeT XOpOHIerl
BOCHpO143BOJ1,HMOCTb1O yCJ1OBHN LICnbITaHHA H ycTOIP4l4BOCTblo rpa-
AYHPOBKH B TeIIeHHO HeCKOJ1bKHX MecoueB. 171pOCTOTa H yAO6CTBo
ripHHSITOTO Me1'oAa *113MepeHH51 yCKOpeHHSi n03BOJIHIOT C AOCTaTOII-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
F10 BbICOKOH TOLIHOCTblO K0HTpo.11HpoBaTb yCKOpeHiie BO BpeM:I
yn,apa.
YCTaHOBKa Mo}KeT 6brrb HcnoJlb30BaFla Ha npeAnpHclTHOX
BaKyyMHOH H paLwHOTeXHHUeCKOH IIpOMbIHIJIeHHOCTH*.
1. 13 a p r e p, KaHAnAaTCKasu AHccepTaurla, JlellunrpaAcKHH no,TIHTCXHN-
4tecKuu IIIICTIITyT, 1951.
2. OTVeT CIJHpMbt KaBeIOLueli CTa.nil, He J[aiou.LeA HOMYTHeHH11 3ep-
Ka..nbH0fi nOBepXHCCTH np11 TeMnepaType Ao 500-600?C.
B 13epxxel1 iaCTH netlll paCHO.T1O>Kenbl aiie re.pMeTHUecKH 3a-
Kpbrl'ble CTeKJISIHHbIMH r,na3KaMI TlaTyHHble Tpy6KN, npOnyCKalO-
mile Ha 3epKa.;10 H3MepHTe,nbHOrO MNKpOCKOna .ny,i, na.L OiOLuHH OT
OCBeTHTeJ15I H OTpa)KeHHbIN OT o6pa3ua. Calla neLib, B TOM 11HC.ne
H HOrpeBaTe.nbHa1 'I'py6Ka, nOABeLLIFBaeTCST CTpOIO BepTHKaJIbHO.
B pa6otIeM npOCTpaHCTBe MON4 Haw I.
afro x
m ? v
o\0o
1~ O T Y
Hal:.,
roro
xo
CLC
C.
ro C.
ro
8 x F c
I I
m a.
ro y
~'n C7.F
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
TOT npH6op, H3o6pa>KeHHbIAl Ha pHc. 5 H 6, npeACTaBMie`r
Co6oA KBapueBbli'l )1FIJIaTOmeTp, HpHtLem y4UJIHHeHHe o6pa3ua OT.TIH-
L(aeTCSI OT HCTHHHOrO Ha Be.TIHIIHHy TeHJIOBOro paCH]LIpeHHH KBapua.
B CBfl3H C OTHM npH Hcc,neJwBaHHH B HHTepaaJle TemnepaTyp OT
HyJ1H J(O 1000" C nOJly'-IeHHble pe3yJlbTaTbI Hy>K4aIOTCH B non,paB-
Ke, CocTaB.Tlsl.lon ei 5,5-6.10 -7 apad -I .
PNe. 5. UHJI ITOMeTp AMT 06-
pa3uoB MaJIbIX pa3MepoB (yCTa-
HOBOi1HaH 9aCTb).
I - o6pa3eu, 2 - KBapueBbIN
CTOJIHK, 3 - KBapueBaSl Tpy6-
Ka, 4 - c~Jlaneu, 5 - KBap-
ueBaa cepbra, 6 - KBapueBbllI
cTep3KelieK, 7 - MarHHTHblf
CTOJI Ii K.
PHc. 6. CXeMa JWJI2TOMeTpa JIJ11
o6pa3L(OB Ma.nblX pa3Mepoa:
I - KBapueBbll{ CTep?KeHeK,
2 - CTanblioe apMo, 3 - Mar-
HHTHbIH CTOJIHK, 4 - pOJIHK,
5 - 3epKa.Tlbue.
Ha 06pa3eu, yCTaHOBJIeHHbII I Ha KBapueBOM CTOJIHKe, CBepXy
IIaBeuuiBaeTCH Cepbra H3 n.TIaB.neHOrO KBapua, 3aKaHLIHBalOLuaSI-
CH KHH3y TOFIK14M KBapueBblM CTep>KeHbKOM, HepeJl,aIOLLI(IM H31VIe-
pHTeJllo H3MeHeHHe J[JIHHb1 o6pa3ua. B nocJIe,uHeM CTa.nbHOe no.TIH-
pOBaHHOe ApMO, npHKpefJIeHHOe K CTep>KeHbKy, npHTSIrFIBaei'CSi
MarHHTHbIM CTOJIHKOM H 3a>KHrvlaeT TaKHM o6pa3OM nOMeHLeHHb[H
Me>KAy HHMH POJIHK C Haca>KeHHbIM Ha HerO 3epKadlbueM. IIpH
4 TpyJlbl HHH 49
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
riepeMeluenIIH TOJIKaTeJl I (cTep)KexbKa) pO.nHK IZaTHTCcI 6e3
CKOJIb)KeHHH, KOTOpoe 3aTpyAHeHO 60,TIbWOA Be.nHgHHOII TpeHHR ;
noCJle,gHee J.(e,laeT H3MepRTOHtylo CHCTeMy MaJiO TIyBCTI?HTe,nbHO4I
K TOJIqKaM H BH6paUHRM.
3a nOBOPOTOM 3epKaJIbLI,a Ha6JIIOJjaIOT B aBTOKOJIJI1IMauHOH-
Hy10 Tpy6Ky C RJIHHHOCJOKyCHbIM o6'beKTHBOM (I[3oKyCHoe pac-
CTOHHHe npHMepHO pasno 0,5 .It) npH nOMOLUH oxyJicipa AM9-2,
CHa6)KeHHOro BHHTOBbIM OKyJ159PHbIM MHKp0MeTp0M. FlpeAeJlbHa1
LIyBCTB1ITe,TIbHOCTb ero COCTaB.TIReT 2-10-' .MM Ha OJI,HH rpaJtyc no-
BOPoTa.
H3MepHTejib yJi,JIHHeHHII BMeCTe C KBapueBOFI Tpy6KOII, Hecy-
LLI,eH CTOJIHK J1,J12 o6pa3ua, KpeUHTCR K McTa,n,nHtieCKOMy AHCKy ki
repMeTHLIeCKII 3aKpbIBaeTCR McTa.TI.TIHgeCKHM KO)KyXOM C OTBep-
CTIIeM, B KOTOPOe HPOnyCKaeTCR KBapuesai Tpy6Ka, H C OKOHIKOM
H3 CTeKJIa, HaxoaflmHMCR HPOTHB 3epKaJlbua n3MepHTe.TI3i.
rleqb Ha4eBaeTCH Ha KKBapLI,eBbIi'I na.neu> CBepxy, no HanpaB-
Ji511OLLI,HM. OTKphIT TOJIbKO HH)KHH1 KOHeu ee, TaK LITO B IO.nOCTIH
rletlH o6pa3yeTCR 33CTOFIHbl11 McIIIOK ropHgiel'o ra3a. gmmSi BblpaB-
1-IIIBaHH51 'TeMnepaTypHOrO nOJIR 06MOTKa netin CeKLUfOHHpOBaHa.
rIOMeHweHne 06pa3ua csepxy BecbMa BbIrOJI,HO, T'aK KaK yCTpa-
IIReT 06pa3OBaHHe KOHBeKuHOHHbIX HOTOKOB OT HarpeBaeM017 30Hb1
B npn6op.
Ha pac. 7 nPMBeJienbI pe3yJlbTaTbi HCnbITaHHI'I cepe6p5HOH
6pbl3rn BbICOTOK 2,16 .ii t. CJIeAyeT 0TMeTLITb, 'ITO OHM XOPOWO
(OT 1 ) O 4%) COBnaJjatOT BO BCCM TeMnepaTypHOM MHTepBa.le C
AaHHbIMJI BNKeHa M UaHHO.n5r [14], no.TiylleHHbIMH TaK)KC. J1,aJ1aTO-
McTpHIIeCKHM CUOCO6OM.
200 400 600 doo
Ten+neparrnypa, ?C
PIIC. 7. 3aBHCHMOCTb TepMII eCKoro K03(~~H-
ullelfTa JIHHellHOro pacLHHpeHHSI cepe6pa OT
TeMllepaTypbl. Tpeyl'OJIbHHKH, TO4IKH H KBaapa-
TbI - o603HatIeHI4A pa3JIH9HbIX cepifi H3MepeIIHN,
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
OnHCblBaeMblfl n 4JIAToMeTP 6bIJi HeCKOJIbKO n6peKOHCTpyHpb-
BaH CTpeJIKOBb1M II. F. Fi KOCOypOBbIM 17. 14. ,T1JI5I npOBeAeHH51 Ha
HeM JIH(p(PepeHuJa,HbHbIX H3MepeHHH, KOTO-
pble MON(HO BeCTH npH HenpepblBHO 143Me-
HHI1OLLI,enICH TeMnepaType CO 3HatnlTeJIbHO
McHbLHeI-( norpeLl.lxocTblo. rlpH6op, npea-
Ha3HaLIeHHbIN aJISI pa3HOCTHbIX H3MepeHHII
(pFlc. 8), oT.nHLIaeTCn TeM, LITO CTOJIHK paC-
CLIHTaH Ha noMeLueHHe I3yx o6pa3uoB;
COOTBeTCTBeFIHO B npH6ope eCTb J.Be cepbrH
c llepe.L alOH1,HMH yji,J114HeHHe TOJIKaTeJItMH,
Ha Ka)KAONI H3 KOTOpbIX HaaeTO no 51PMy
H3MepHTeJISI. 143MepHTeJIb a if("epeHuHaJ1b-
HOrO npH6opa HMeeT 113a poJIIHKa: OAHH H3
HHX 3a>K3T Me}KII,y noJIloCaMH MaFHHTHOrO
CTOJIHKa m nePBbIM 5IpMOM, J1pyrOH -
Me}KJI,y nePBbIM H" BTOpbIM SIpMOM. 3epKaJlb-
ue nepBOro pOJIHKa perHCTPFIpyeT a6coJ1IOT-
HOe H3MeHeHHe RAHHbi OJLHOrO H3 o6pa3uoB,
3e K'IJlbue BTOnOro - 'I'OJIbKO pa3HOCTb
p~
U2
y4.HHHeHHH o6pa3uoB. Ha6JIloaeHHe BejjeTCSI PHC. H. ANJIaTO mix
Any o6pa3uoB Manblx
Llepe3 aBe aBTOKOJIJ1HMauHOHHble Tpy6bI. pa3MepoB (BapHaHT
B OCTHJIbHOM YCTPOHCTBO pa3HOCTHOrO A'n' pa3noc {blx H3Me-
i t-cnaTOMeT a fOJj06HO a6CO.10THOM )
P y? I - o 6pa3ubl, 2
Pe3yJlbTaTbl HCnbITaHHa, nOJ1yLIeHHble cepbrH, 3 - ToJlKa-
Te.rm (cTep>ceHbxn),
jw(x1JepexuHaJlbxbIM cnoco6oM Ha o6pa3uax 4 - slpMO, 5 - po-
KpHCTaJIJIHLIeCKoro KBapua, npeJjCTaBJIexbI .nHKH.
Ha pHC. 9. KBapueBble Ky6HKH HMeJIFI BbI-
COTy 2,95 .1IM. O6paluaeT-Ha Ce651 BHHMaHHe TavNKe (KaK H Ha
pHC. 7) OLIeHb He3Ha'IHTeJIbHblll pa36poc TOIeK, LITO FOBOPHT V
BbICOKOH TOLIHOCTH npH6opa.
TaKHM o6pa30M, BUIIueonlicaHHblYI AHJIaTOMeTp HBJISIeTC51, Ufa
HALO B3FJI51L, 0JjHHM 143 HaHJlyL11.UFIX npH6opOB JIa6opaTOP1ior3
THna.
B 1950 r. rpynnOK COTPyJjHHKOB FUJI. PYKOBOJICTBOM aKaIeMH-
Ka 17yJjuOBa H. T. 6bIJI pa3pa60TaH, H3FOTOBJIeH H HUH B 3KC-
nJIyaTaLH10 HOBbIA aBTOMaTHLIeCKFIFI J[HJIaTOMeTP C peryjlnpyeMblM
K0344HuJeHTOM yMHO)KeHH5I 3afFICH [15]. IIOj K03())(j)Hu11eHT(IYi
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
'MHO}KeHII5T (HuH yBeJIH9eHHH) noHHMaeTC5 OTHOiIleIIHe I3eJ1HyHH
.'IHHecHoro paCLIIHpeHFIH o6pa3ua, (IHKCHpyeMOro Ha gH.naTOrPaM-
Me, K a6co,nIOTHON Be,HH4HHe JIHHeNHOrO pac nnpeHH i o6pa3ua.
200 400 600 600 1000
reMnepamypa, 'C
PHC. 9. OTHOCHTerIbllble yp,JIHHCHH. ICpH-
CTa,TJIHrleCliOro KBapua:
1 - B HanpaBJIeHnH, nepneHaHKyJIBpHOM
OCH, 2 - B IlanpaBJ1eHHH, napaJ1JleJlbHOM
OCH.
,LIaHHbrcI npH6op npeTCTaB.H 1eT co6oio KBapueBblc RimaTO-
MeTp c on'rHqeCKON 3anncblo. I BHNKeHHe o6pa3ua (npH ero Ten-
.TIOBOM paclllFipeuMH), HaXOAHnjerOCH B KBapueBOfi Tpy6Ke, noc
pe,RCTBOM MexaHHUecxoli CHCTeMb1 nepeaaeTCSI 3epKaJlbuy. IIpIi
3TOM CBeTOBO11 Jlyq, oTpalKa5Cb OT 3epKa,nbua m npoxogH mepe3 -
npope3b KacceTbi, nonaaaeT Ha (jioTo6yMary, yKpen.lieHHYIO Ha
6apa6aHe.
HpH6op AonyCKaeT peryJIHpOBaHHe yBeJIHyeHHH B npeAe,nax
OT 200 Ao 800, ']TO n03BOJI5ieT npOH3BOAHTb 3anncb JIFIHeI1HOro
pacLuHpeHHSI o6pa3uoB B JII060M, HaH60Jlee HHTepeCHOM, y3KOM
.nBana3JHe TEMnepaTyp (HanpHMep, 100-300?C) C nOBblweHHOII
To'IHOCTIJO, TaK KaK He3Ha4HTeJlbHoe pacuimpeHHe 06pa3ua,
FlpoHCxoTsiul,ee npH 3a)ianHbIx TeMnepaTypax, perHCTpHpyeTCSI
Ha JieHTe WHPHHOii 240 mm, o6bltIHO FICnOJlb3yeMoc AJIH 3anHCH
pacmHpeHHS1 BO BCeM pa6oLier HuTepBa,ne TeninepaTyp: 01' KOM-
HaTHOcI AO 1 200?C. 1-HJ1aBHafl pery.TIHpOBKa K03(x(jHuHeHra yMHO-
]KeHHH ocyujeCTB.TIHe'rcH C 1IOMOUJbIO HecnO}KHOro yCTpo1CTBa.
,TtHJIaTOMeTp HMeeT nporpaMMHblci pery.nH'rop TehinepaTypbl. Ha
pHC. 10 npHBeAeHa npHHuunnaJlbHaST CxeMa pa3MelueHHSi OTAe,nb-
HbLx y3JIOB 'repMoperyJl5rTOpa, pacno.no?KeHHblx BHYTPH Kopnyca
noTenw1olie-i pa.
Ha Bali 3.neKTpoMOTopa 1, peryJlapyIo ero CKOpOCTb FlarpeBa,
IiOCaiKCH THCK 2 c naJibueM 3. 1IocAeAHHG1 BxOAHT B 3auefJleHFie c
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
wecTepnei 4, Bpall.naloiI eH uepB5Tl1Hbl1 BaJ1 7 noTeHUHOMeTpa
Llepe3 pezjyKTOP 5 H CMel-IHble nweCTepHH 6. UpH Bpaul,eliHli BaJ1a
nepeMeaaeTCH orpaHHLIHTeJIb - cTpeJlKa 8 UOTetlul!OMeTpa, Pe-
Puc. 10. CxeMa TepMopery.nlTOpa:
I - 3.neKTpoMOTOp, 2 - .ncK, 3 - naiieu, 4 - we-
cTepHS(, 5 - peR)'KTOp, 6 - cmeHnb(e weCTepnu,
7 - tIepBsgnblH Haj1, 8 - CTpe.nKa - orpauuIHTe.nb
noTeHuuoMeTpa, 9 - pb(var, 10 - My(ITa, 11 - we-
cTepnsi, 12 - 3J(CKTpOMCTOp.
ryJiHpyIOI.I>,euo TeMnepaTypy. B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT rioao KeHIIn CTpeJI-
KH 8 yCTaiIaBJIHBaeTCH TeMnepaTypa HarpeBa o6pa31[a, Haxoifl-
ul,erocfl B neIIH. PaBHOMepHOe nepeMeujeHHe ci-peJIKH o6ecne'-IHBa-
eT HapaCTaHHe T'eMnepaTypbl B nequ C nOCTOHHHOII CKOpOCTbIO.
IIpH nOMOUJ,H pbluara 9 My((Ta 10 BMecTe c I.uecTepHeI 4
MOMKeT 6bITb nepeMeui,eHa B JIeBOe noJION{elwe. ripe 3TOM
weCrePHSI 4 BXOJIFIT B 3auenjleiiHe c weCTepHei 11, HacaMKeH-
HOH Ha BaJI MoTOpa Yoppena 12, 11 OTCOeJI,HHfleTCB 01' ,Lwc Ca 2.
3JIeKT'pOMOTOp 12 npHBOJ1,HT BO Bpaw,eHHe Ball 7 B 06paTHYK)
CTOpOHy H o6ecne'-IuBaeT aBTOMaTH4eCKoe peryJlllpOBaHue CKOpO-
CTH OXJIa}KJjeHHfl ne4H. B 3aBHCHMOCTH UT nepeiuuTOLIHOro '-IHCJIa
CMCHHbIX weCTepeH 6 JJo1KeT 6bITb OCyneCTBJ1eHa pa3JIHLIHaiJ
CKOPOCTb HarpeBa H oxJIaMK4eHH5I o6pa3ua (i3 npe, e,ilax OT
1 ,iZo 5 epad/stun). IlpOrpaMMHoe peryJiupOBaHHe no3BOJIxeT
COHOCTaBJ1HTb 3KCnepHMeHTaJlbHble J1aHHble H 3HaLIHTeJlbHO ynp0-
IuaeT o6pa6oTKy JimeTiaTOrpaMM.
IIpaKTHKa noKa3aJIa, 4ITO B 3aBI-ICHMOCTH OT CKOp0CrK HarpeBa
KPHBafl HarpeBaHHF M0>KeT HeCKOJIbKO BHJ[OH3MeH5tTbC5I, 4T0 npJ1-
BOAHT K nOJ1y4eHHf0 HCHOBTOPHMbIX 3Ha4eHHFI K03())())HLI,HCHTOB
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
TepMnLrecKoro pacwi peHHSI JI,J15i OAHoro H Toro }Ke o6pa3i1,a. CJIe,-
,>1,oBaTeJlbxo, nOCTOHHCTBO CKOPOCTF HarpeBa Bax{HO o6ecneL4HH'b,
Bo-nepBblx, AJ151 OAIIOrO o6pa3ua BO BceM HcCJIeuyeMOM TeMnepa-
TypHOM nHTepsajie H, Bo-BTOpblx, J[JI51 Bceli CepHH HCCJ1ejlyeMblx
o6pa3LOB, LIT06bI BHOCJIeJI,CTBHH MO}KHO 6bIJ1O AaTb cpaBHHTeJIb-
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TpOBaKyyMHbIX MaTepHaJIOB, Korj a He06XOJ1,HMO nPOBOJI,IiTb
n3MepeHHH C 00060Ii TOLIHOCT'bIO, CJIe,L yeT peKOMeHJ),OBaTb CKO-
p0CTb HarpeBa, nplMepno paBH to 1 epaa/MuH. Jnq CnJ1aBOB X{e-
Jie3a C HHKeJIeM nJIH XPOMOM yKa3aHHaH CKOPOCTb Mo>KeT 6blTb
McHbnle 1 2paa/MuH, TaK KaK CKOPOCTH TBep)JO(J)a3HbIX peaKwHu,
npOTeKaiOLUHX B J(aHHbIX CnJIaBaX, B OTueJ1bHbIX TeMnepaTypHblx
TOLIKaX H MHTePBaJ1aX McHbHIe 1 epadIMuH.
P5IA npn6opOB CO CBeTOBOII 3afFCbIO KPHBb1X pacwFlpeHli51 H
c}KaTHH npH HarpeBaHHH H OXJ1 )KJ(eHHH OCHOBaH Ha COeJi,WHeHHF
AByX3epKaJlbHoro raJibBaHOMeTpa c RHJiaTOMeTPHgeCKOA ro.noB-
Ko1i. Ha noJiygalon[eFJ05i 41-IJiaTorpaMMe KPHBa51 HBJIAeTCH (JyHIKe HCHOJIb3y1OTC5I XPOHHH (Cnna5
1,13 XpoMa, HHKeJIH H NKe.ne3a) H HeKOTOPble JpyrHe MaTeplla,11bi.
I'I3MeHeHHe RJIHHbI 9TaJIOHa It HCnbITyeMOr0 o6pa31ja (pHc. 13)
npH fOMOHjFI KBapueBbIX CTep>KHec 4 nepe.aeTCn Ha CHCTCMy
pbI'-IarOB 5, KOTOpble npHBORHT B RBH>KeHHe pbNarll caMonl1cua 6.
P, 3THX pbll-IaraX HaXOR51TC5I nepbfl 7, pHcyionije KPHBble Ha 6y-
Mare, yKpenJIeHHOH Ha BpaiualoweMCSI 6apa6aHe 8.
ORHH 03 pbIT-IarOB 6, COeRHHeHHbll%I C 3TaJIOHOM, pHCyeT KpH-
ByIO H3MeHeHH51 JJIHHbI nocJleJHero, no KOTOpOH H CyJHT 0 TeM-
nepaTypax. CJIeJyeT OTMeTHTb, LITO TaK KaK 3TaJIOH HaXORHTC51
BHYTPH HCnbITyeMOro 06pa3ua, TO Ha RaHHO13 KP14BO14 npeBpalue-
HHfl nocJIeRHero OTpa35ITCLI B BHJe neperH6oB H n.T1onjaROK.
Apyroi pbr'Iar 6, coeJuueHHb1Yl c o6pa3L OM, pHCyeT KPHBy10
H3MeHeHH5I ero aJIHHbl. r1eperH6bl H nepeJlOMbI 3TON KpHBO1 yKa-
3b1Ba1OT Ha Lpa30Bble npeBPanjeHH5I B HCnbITyeMOM o6pa3ue. Ta-
KHM o6pa3oM, B OnHCaHHOM RHJIa'I'OMeTpe KOHTpOJIb npeBpau.te--
I1HFI MO>KHO Bec'I'H HO aByM KpHBbIM.
,aHHbI1i npH6op MO>KeT Ha1TH 60JIbLUOe npHMeHeHHe RJIH!
KOHTpO.nfl 3JIeKTPOBMKyyMHbIX MaTepnaJiOB. IlpnroTOBJleHHe O-
pa3IjOB H3 McTaJIJ1a H. KepaMHKH He npeRCTaBJIfleT TpyJa, a B
KageC'1'Be CTeKJ1HHHbIX oOpa31 OB MO>KHO B3HTb TOJICTOCTeHHbl(-
Tpy6KH C BHyTpeHHHM JHaMei,poM, 6JIH3KHM K pa3MepaM 3'raJlo-
Ha. FIPH 3TOM HY>KHO yLIHT'bIBaTb, LITO UHPOC HMeeT KOB(b(lHlHeHT
TepMH4eCKOro pacli1HpeHHH flO)H1Ka 150 ? 10-7apao-1. Bo3MO-
)KeH H TaKO1t BapuaHT, npH KOTOPOM Hcnbrryemb1N o6pa3eu 6yJeT
r1OMeLuaTbCH B nHpOCHbIY1 3TaJIOH, H3rOTOBJIeHHb1 i B BHJe UH.1IHH-
,apa, npgCBepneuuoro no ocH. B 3TOM CJIyLIae 9Ta,nOH 6yaeT CJIy-
>KHTb He TOJIbKO HOKa3aTeJIeM TeMnepaTypbl, HO H CHOCO6CTBOBaTb
PaBHOMePHOMY HarpeBy o6pa3ua, 'ITO, KaK nOKa3blPaeT npaKTHKa,
BeCbMa Ba>KHO, HO LITO He Bcerja Mo>KeT XOpoLUO OCy1ljeCTBJI1TbCSI
B TeX npH6opax, rRe 3TaJIOH H 06pa3eLl, HarpeBaloTCH B pa3JIHLI-
HbIX KBapueBbIX Tpy6Kax.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
TaKa5I i:OM6HHauHH, Ha Haul B3rJIHJj, Mo}KeT 6bIT'b OCO6eHHO
noJIe3HOH [IpH 1[ccJIe,JoBaHHH KepaMHL[eCKHX H CTeKJI5HHbIX 06-
pa3rl,oB, a TaK~Ke npH penleHHH Bonpoca o6 yBeJIH`IeHHFI cKopo-
CTeH HarpeBa.
VJI,06i-IbrM JIJIH pa60Tbl B 3aBO4CK14X YCJIOBMHX flBJ15ieTCH ynpo
IueHHbIH, T,1K Ha3bIBaeMbiA npO143BOACTBeHHb1H JI,HJIaTOMeTD
(pHc. 14). B BePTHKaJIbHOH neLIH HaXOa14TCH o6pa3eu npO143BOJIb-
HOB l~OpMbt, COnp14KaCaIO-
n4HHC2 C KBapueBb1M C'rep-
6KHeM 5. DTOT CTep-2K1~H6
CBOHM BePXHHM KOHIi.OM
yUHpaeTCSI B pbl -IaI' 6, KO-
TOpbIH nOCpeRCTBOM HHTH 7,
neoeKHHYTOH gepe3 6,nOK 8.
CoeJillHeH C npy}KHHOII 9-
K 6JIOKy 8 HenOJI,BH%I;eJIeHHH K63C!MIHLHeHTa TepMH9eCKOrO paCIHIIpeH1lV
KepamHKH B HHTepBaJle TemnepaTyp OT 20 Ao 600?C B MXTI'I
HM. McHJjeJleeBa CKOHCTpyHPOBaH KBapueBbIN JjH,naTOmeTp no
npFHIHHV KOHCTpYKUHH CO,nOMHHa H. B. [27].
3TOT npH6op (pHc. 20) COCTOHT H3 KBapueBOI1 Tpy6KH C 3a-
naHHHbIM KOHUOM, K KOTOPOMy CTaJIbHOFl npy}K1,11-1OI1 Liepe3 KBap-
IjeFbiFI CTep>KeHb npl)KLIMaeTCH o6pa3eu.
YAJIHHeIIHe CTep)KH5, B03HHKaIoIL ee npH paCLHHpeHHH MCIIbl-
TyeMoro o6pa3ua npH HarpeBaHHH (HJIH nOA aaBJIeHHeM npyxcH-
HbI npH C}KaTHH o6pa3ua), H3MepI1 TCH C fOMOI LbIO MHKpOCKOna,
CHa61KeHHOr'O OKyJIHpHOII MHKpoMeTpHLIeCKOK LIIKa.nol . OTCL1eTbi
npOH3BOAHTCH nOCpeLCTBOM yKa3aTeJlH, HpegCTaBJIHloLL ero CO60N
paMOLIKY C BOJIOCKOM, paCHOJIO?KeHHbIM neprleHAIIKyJ1HpHO K OCH
HCnbITyeMoro o6pa3ua. PaMOLIKa yKpen.neHa Ha KI-'apueBOM CTep-
3KHe. KBapueBan Tpy6Ka c o6pa31joM HaXOAHTCH B negF, B KOTO-
pylo iin i paBHOMepHOI'O HarpeBa BCTaB,neH Me,Lwblll UHJIHHAp?
TeMnepaTypa II3MepfeTC5I TepMonapocl c raJlbBaHomeTpOM. Ha-
rper BeayT CO CKOpOCTb1o 3-4? B MHHYTY H 3aMepbl npOH313OJ11T
He peace LIeM Lie.pe3 2-3?, a B KpMTHLleCKFX TOFLKBX - Herlpe-
pbIBHO.
,LaHHbIH RHJIaTOmeTP n03BOJI5ieT BeCTH pa60Ty C J11o6bIMH
TBepj(biMH o6pa3uaMH. TOLIHOCTb McToAa 3aB1IC14T OT OHTHKH H
TOLIHOCTH perHCTpauHH TeMnepaTypbl; TO H Apyroe npH AaHH014
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
I{OHCTpyKIINH B npeUH3HOHHbIX HccJIeAOBAHI15IX MO?KeT 6blTb BbI-
HOJIHeIIO c 6OJIbLHON TO4HOCTbIO. K HCAOCTaTKaM npH6opa c,neAyer
OTHeCTH HajiHgHe npHNKHMaIOHkero ycTpolCTBa.
r??
ME
,p ,
PHC. 20. CxeMa KBapueaoro AH.naTOMeTpa:
a - no.miai cxeMa ycTaHOBKH, 6 - BHA
cBepxy Ha rJIaBHble AeTaJIH npH60pa.
I - ropH3oHTa.llbHai 3JIeKTpH4eCKai rie4b,
2 - KBapueBai Tpy6Ka C 3aHa9HHb1M KOH-
UOM, 3 - 3a?KHM, 4 - CTOJI MHKpOCKOHa,
5 - HCnbITyeMblO o6pa3eu, 6 - ynpyrai
CTaTlbHaa npy>KHHa, 7 - KBapueBb10 CTep-
AKeHb, 8 - McTaJIJIH4ec1u11 KOJIHa4OK,
9 - MHKpOCKOII C OKyJI 1pHOB MHKpOMeTpI1-
4ecKoF1 IHKajiof, 10 - JlerKai McTaJIJIH4e-
CKa5i paM04Ka, 11 - 3KpaH, 12. - TepMo-
napa, 13 - raJIbBaHOMeTp.
OnHCaHHble B CTaTbe npH60pb1 [I03BOJISIIOT BbIfOJIHSITb I13Mepe-
HHI Ko3()(JHuHeHTa TepMI1LIeCKOFO paciuHpeHH51 9JIeKTpOBaKyyM-
PI'
HbIX MaTepHaJIOB B II.IHPOKHX '1'eMnepaTypHhlX HHTepBaJlaX, I1
H
pa3JIHLIHbIX CKOPOCT51X HarpeBa, c pa3J1HtlHOP LIyBC'rBHTe.I)HOCTbIO
H T'OgHOCTbIO.
Flo HallICMy MHeHHHO, HMeHHO B a6COJ1IOTHOM Cnoco6e cjieAVer
IICKaTb peHIeHHS1 3a,AaIH 06 3KCnpeCCHbIX McTOAax H3MepCHHsi
TepMHLIeCKHX K03(4HuHeHTOB pacHiHpeHHH 9JIeKTpOBaKyyMHbIK
MaTepHaJIOB C AOCTaTO11HOII AJIH HHX TOLIHOC'rbIO, KOTOpai JIe}RHT
II npeAe.nax ?2-3 ? 10 _7 apac7 -1.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
O) HaKb Hy}KHO cpa3y )Ke CKa3a1'b, LITO HdJ1FI He oco eftAO-
CTeH Ha KpHBOIYI HarpeBaHHSi (pa3M5irLIeHH5i y CTeKJIa, npespaiue-
HHfI y CTaJIH, KOBapa N T. Jj.) BHOCHT COOTBeTCTBy}oII He OrpalHm-
geHHA B npHMeHeHHe 3KCnpeCCHbIX McTOJLOB. KaK y}Ke yKa36i8a-
JIOCb, oL1eHb )KeJIaTeJIbHbIM HBJIsieTC51 HaJIHLIHe CIIrHaJIH3auHH 0
rraLla.rle npeBpalueHHSI.
To Hble npH60pbl, OCHOBaHHble Ha a6COJIHOTHOM CHOCO6e 143Me-
peHliH, Heo6xo,LurMbI, Ha HatIl B3rJI5IJI,, B Ka>KAofi ,rra6opaTOpHH, He-
3aBHCHMO OT Toro, KaKHM CBOCO6OM BeAYTCSI IICnbITaHH51 HJIH
HccJIeAOBaHHSI. AHaJIH3 CyIIjeCTByIOUJHX MCTOJIOB H yCTaHOBOK AJIH
H3MepeHH5I KO3(~()HuHeHTOB JIHHeI'lHoro pacu.IHpeHHH MaTepHaJloa
nOJjTBep)KAaeT HaCTOSITeJIbHY}O ueJlecoo6pa3HOCTb OpraHH3auHH
npOMbIIIIJieHHOrO BbIIIyCKa JI,HJIaTOMeTpHLIeCKHX np16opOB Ha
OCHOBe pa3pa6OTKH onTHMaJIbHON KOHCTPYKII,HH CTaHJI,apTHOrO
JjHJIaTOMeTpa.
1. (D p u 11 m a H R. B., ,UHJIaTOMeTpH4eCKHN McTOA HCCJIeJ OB!HH9t MCTa.)-
JIOB H cnJlaBoB, TpyAbl BMAM, 1934.
2. 0 JI e FI H H U. A., McTOAbI HCnbITaHHH CJ)epHHKO H 4 eppoxpoMa Ha sa-
BoAe PaAHOTpOH RCA B I7appncoHe, OT4eT Ns 5809, 1938.
3. 3 a. r o p y JI b K o H. F. H B a P a H o B a H. A., H3MepeHHe TepMHLlec-
KOrO paCIllHpeHHfl MoJIH6Aeiia H MOJIH6AeHOBbIX CTeKO.R, OT4eT 3aBOAa
MPTI1, r. T1euHHrpa'a, Ne OJ1-1741, 1940.
4. F H H A Y H e p T IZ., C o H A e p B., McTO,ab! H3MepeHH5I TepMH9eCKOrO
paCIllHpeHHfl, HauHOHa.nbHoe 61opo CTaHAapTOB, CLUA, Baw!lnrTOH, 1949.
5. MHHKeBHt H. A., CHpoTa 1-1. H., (1) eaopoBa O. II., IIpHMe=
HeHHe MCTOgOB KOMnJIeKCHOrO (cH3H4ecKOro aHaiIH3a K H3y4eHHlo npot ecca
OTnycKa 3aKaJICHHOO CTaJIH 9EX3, C6opHHK MOCK013CKOrO HHCTHTyTa CTaJIH,
T. XIII, 1939.
6. Il p e c II o B B. A., (D113HgecKHe oCHOBbI cnan (enafi cTeKJIa c meT3J1-
.11oM), ToMCKHK 17ocyAapcTBeHHb!4t yHHBepCHTeT H HI'II4 MPTI-I, 1952.
7. II p e C H 0 B B. A. H B p bI C H e B E., Cnali CTeKJIa c MOTaJIJIOM, Tom-
CKFIVI rocyAapCTBeHHb!Ii yHIIBepCHTCT H HI'IH MPTFI, 1951.
8. B 0 p.3 A bl K a A., 3.IeMeHT HarpeBa B McTOAHKe rOpB411X McXaHH4CC-
KHx HCnbITaHHII, , Ne 5, 1935.
9. Bollenrath, Zeitschrift fiir Metallkunde, X. 7, 1953.
10. C T p e JI K 0 B 11. F., ?K3T(D, Ne 7, cTp. 519, 1937.
11 B a .a b T e p A. K., r a Li K O B C K H N B. q)., C T p e JI K 0 B H. F.,
>K3T(I), Ne 7, cTp. 526, 1937.
5 TpyAbl H1'IH 65
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
12. CTpe.nKOB Fl. 1'., I~ocoypoB P. I., CaMO0 ioB
M3BecTHH AH CCCP, cepnn c)H31IVecKaH, T. XVII, N 3, 1953.
13. C T p e.1 K o B [1. F., }KT*, Ns 5, CTp. 1502, 1935.
14 Eucken A., Dannohl W., ZS. f. Elektroch, 40, 1934.
15. 1A 03HIf cKHA M. F. H FopoaeltK11 0 A. B., KeH. o6ecnetH['rii
COOTBeTCTBYIOIUYIO KPYTH3Hy MO4YJIHLHOHHON XapaK'repHCTHKH
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
-'~ Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
TEXHI4IKA TEJIEBNAEHI'ISI, BbHIycK 20
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
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JIeHHH.
Pa3JIH'-IHe B McXaHH3Me pa6oTbI MHfeHH o6yCJIOBJIHBaeT H 3Ha-
'TIHTeJIbHOe pa3JIHLIHe.3KCHJIyaTaUHOHHbIX napaMeTpOB TPy60K 9THX
.ABYX rpynn.
1. BHAHKOHbi
O6MHM y BCeX H3BeCTHbIX B HaCTOHHjee BpeM1 Tpy6oK C BbI-
?COKOOMHbIMH MHIIIeHHMH 51BJI5IeTC51 HCHOJIb3OBaHHe 1jJIA (~OKyCH-
pOBKH 3JIeKTPOHHOIO C'qHTbIBaIO11jer0 nyliKa MaIHHTHOPO 110.7151
,AJIHHHOI1 KaTy11IKII. 3TO onpeaeJIHeT OjHHaKOByK)' HO cymeCTBY
KOHCTPYKUHIO BCeX HpH6opoB 9TOIi rpynnbI-pe3HCTpOHOB, aMepH-
KaHCKHX BH1LHKOHOB, CTaTHKOHOB H Tpy60K .711'118,-KOTOpaH noKa-
3aHa CXeMaTH4eCKH Ha pHC. 1. Heo6xoJWMo OTMeTHTb JIHIHb C.7ie-
AyloujHe pa3JIHtHH, BCTpe'IaiOUJHeCSi y OT1jeJIbHbIX Tpy60K:
a) B Tpy6Kax .71H18 OTCYTCTByeT CeTKa nepelj MHIneHbIO; 9TOT
9JIeKTpO1j, KOTOpbIII B OCTaJIbHbIX Tpy6Kax o6ecnetiHBaeT nepneH-
AHKYJI1PHOCTb no1jxo ja K MHI11eHH ny'-IKa Me1LJIeHHbIX 9JIeKTpOHOB,
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
OKa3bIBaeTCH B Tpy6Ke JIIHI18 He o6H3aTeJIbHbIM BBHAy HCHOJIb3O-
BaHHH 6bICTpbIX 9JIeKTPOHOB;
. 6) pa3Ae.IeHHe cpoxycHpyioLuero 3JIeKTpoAa Ha ABa He3aBHCH-
MbIX I~HJIHHJ(pa y pe3HCTPOHOB H BHAHKOHa 6326; 3THM o6ecnegH-
BaeTCH B03MOM{HOCTb yiiy~imeHHH 4JOKyCHPOBKH nytiKa B yriiax
MHlIeHH 3a ctieT. nogaLIH Ha 6JIHM{a13IIIHII K MHIIIeHH IjHJIHHRp j[O-
nOJIHHTeJIbHOrO HanpiM{eHHH (napa6o.loo6pa3HOro HanpH)CeHHH
CTpOIIHOH H KaApoBoll gacTOTbI) [A. 31.
PHC. 1. YCTpo1CTBO BHAHKOHa
1-Kon6a; 2-HaKan; 3-KaTOA; 4-ynpaBnnroHZHI BneKTpoa; 5-
atioa; 6-q)oKycapyIOOIHIA uHAHHAp; 7-( IOTOnpOBOAaHIaA MHIHeHb;
8-curIlanbHaa nnaCTHna; 9- McJKOCTpyKTypHaa ceTKa
Fa6apHTbl BceX Ha3Ba,HHbIX Tpy6oF oAHHaKOBbI H xapaKTepH-
3y1OTCH CJIeAyIOHIHMH IW4JpaMH:
RmaMeTp 'KoJI6bi . . . . . . . . . . . 25 uAt
06n asi AJSHHa . . . . . . . . 150 Atht
Pa6o9HN pa3Mep (POTOCJ1051 . . . . . . 9 X 12 AtAt
IIpOCTaH KOHCTPYKUHH (B TIaCTHOCTH, OTCyTCTBHe y3Jia yMHO-
)KHTeJIH H CeKWHH nepeHOCa H3o6pa?KeHHH) H MaJIble ra6apHTbl
onpeAeJIHJIH OTHOCHTeJIbHyIo HPOCTOTY H3FOTOBJIeHHH BHAHKOHOB H
ynpaBJIeHHH HMH npH 3KcnJlyaTauHH. aOCTaTO11HO yKa3aTb, t-ITO BH-
AHKOHbI HMeJOT nHTb (MaKCHMyM LHeCTb) 3JIeKTpOAOB, He CLIHTaH
HHTH HaKaJia, npOTHB tleTbIpHaauaTH y Tpy6KH C AByCTOpOHHeII
MHIIIeHbIO. I-IpH HaCTpOIIKe nepeA nepe2 aqeI3. OKa3bIBaeTCH B03-
MOM{HbIM yCTaHaBJIHBaTb onTHMaJIbHbII3 pa60LIHI3 peM{HM, peryiiHpyH
JIHHIb BeJiHgHHy TOKa nytlKa, ero (pOKyCHpOBKY, a TaKM{e HanpH-
M{eHHe Ha CHrHaJIbHOI-I nJIaCTHHe (nociieAHee CyLuecTBeHHO BJIHHeT
Ha 4yBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb H HHepuHOHHOCTb Tpy6KH). I-IHCJIO OpraHOB
ynpaBJIeHHH, HCIIOJIb3yeMbIX B xo e nepeAati, MOM{eT 6bITb nPH
Heo6XOAHMOCTH COI{palueHO AO aBYX [A. 5]. UJiH cpaBHeHHH Ha-
HOMHHM, TITO B KaMepax C APYF14MH Tpy6KaMH npHXOAHTCH HMeTb
4-6 pylieK ynpaBJIeHHH Tpy6KOII.
B pa6oTe BHAHKOHa BaM{Hy10 poJib HrpaloT napaMeTpbi ero
MHLIIeHH, oco6eHHo caMoro (pOTOCJIOH.
. Bo Bcex H3BecTHbix Tpy6Kax CJIOII cpoTOnpoBOAHHxa B BHAe
TOHKOI1 IJIeHKH, TOJILLjHHOI3 He 6oliee 10 mK, HaHOCHTCH Ha pony
npo3pat nyio CHrHaJIbHyIO nuIaCTHHy, pacnoJiOH{eHHY1O HenocpeA-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
CTBeHHO Ha CTeKJIe KoJ16bI. BCJIeACTBHe CTOJIb MaJIOII TOJIIIJHHbI H
60JIbI.UOfI AH5JIeKTpHIecKoc1 IIOCTO51HHOI3 MaTepnaJla (He McHee 6-10)
MH1neHb HMeeT 60JIbIIIyio eMKOCTb. BeJIHLIHHa 3TOI1 eMKOCTH B pac-
'-ieTe Ha 0AHH 3JIeMeHT CTOJIb BeJIHKa (CM 10-13 3), ~ITO 3apna,
HaKOnJIeHHbIIi 3a BpeMa Kaapa, HenOJIHOCTbIO HeI-ITpaJIH3yeTCH 3JIeK-
TpOHHbIM nyMIKOM 3a BpeMH OAHOIi KOMMYTaL[HH, H, CJIeAOBaTe.IbHO,
HMeeT McCTO HHepIIHOHHOCTb. YBeJIWIeHHe >Ke TOJII HHbI (pOTOCJIO I,
Heo6XOAHMoe AJiH yMeHbIIIeHHH C,. H TeM CaMbIM HHePIUHOHHOCTH,
orpaHHTIeHO (Aaxce eCJIH He CgHTaTb TeXHojlorHgeCKHX TpyAHOCTeIi).
CBeT HOJIHOCTb1O norJIomaeTCH B TOHKOM c.ioe (pOTOnpOBOAHHKa
(y CHrHaJIbHOII nJIaCTHHbI), H HpH yBeJIHqeHHH TOJI1UHHbI MHHIeHH
noiiytlaeTCH CHJIbHOe HOHH?KeHHe tlyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH 3a c'IeT HO-
HBJIeHHSi 6a.IJIaCTHOcO COnpOTHBJIeHHH, He 3aBHc 11Ijero OT OCBe-
II(eHHOCTH. B CB23H C 3THM B KageCTBe MHIIIeHe13 )KeJiaTeJIbHO MC-
nOJIb3OBaTb (!OTOIIPOBOAHHKH, HMeIOWHe MaJioe IIOrJiolueHHe.
Y,1(eJlbHoe COnpOTHBJIeHHe p MaTepHaJIa MH1neHH 2 OJI)KHO HMeTb
BeJIHqHHY 1011-1013 Om-cm. AJi5i no iy~ieHHi TaKHX 3HaqeHH11 p
6bIJI nposeAeH CHeUHaJlbHbIIi 1OA60p (JOTOnpOBOA 1u HX MaTepHaJloB
H pa3pa6oTaHa TeXHOJIOrHH H3rOTOBJIeHHH HX B TOHKHX CJIOHX.
XapaKTepHO, TO HMeHHO BJIHHHHIO TeXHOJIOrHH Ha 3Ha~IeHHe p
npHnHCbIBaloT pa36poc XapaKTepHCTHK, Ha6Juoaa!onLHYICH y OT.n,eJIb-
HbIX o6pa3LOB OAHOTHHHbIX Tpy6of [A. 3, 6]. K 3TOMY cJieayeT
Ao6aBHTb, LITO Ha CBOI3CTBa MHIIIeHH BJIHAeT eiue H MaTepHBJI CHr-
HaJIbHOIi HJIaCTHHbI; B KagecTBe noc ieAHero peKOMeHAylOT HCHOJIb-
3OBaTb OKHCb OJIOBa HJIH OKHCb HHAHR [Jl. 3].
OCHOBHbIMH MaTepHaJIaMH ,1(JIH MHIIIeHeI[ CJJY)KaT B HaCTOfllgee
BpeMH TpexcepHHCTa!I CypbMa Sb3S3 H aMOp(pHbIII ceJ1eH Se [J1. 3].
KpoMe Toro, H3BeCTeH nOJIO)KHTeJIbHbIIi OnbIT HCI1OJIb3OBaHHH PbO,
ZnS H CdS [A. 6]. IIpHMeHeHHe pa3JIHqHbIX ()OTOIIPOBOARH),HX
MaTepHaJIOB AHKTyeTCH B nePBYIO o epeab )KeJiaHHeM HOJIYLIHTb
Tpy6KH C pa3JIHgHbIMH cneKTpaJIbHbIMH XapaKTepHCTHKaMH e (~.)
(pHc. 2).
1-lOCKOJIbKy (jOTOnpOBOAHHKH C BeCbMa pa3JIMHbIMH s (X) H3-
BeCTHbI H HCCJIeAOBaHbI, TO HMe1OTCH peaJlbHble nepcneKTHBbI CO-
3AaHHH BHL HKOHOB, TI yBCTBHTeJIbHbIX K I-IH(ppa1CpaCHbIM, a TaK)Ke
K yJlbTpa(!HOJIeTOBbIM JIytIaM. Y)Ke B HaCTOHnjee BpeMH H3BeCTHbI
BH1 HKOHbl, npHrOAHble 21JI5i perHCTpaLjHH peHTreHOBCKOrO H3JIyTIe-
HHH [A. 9].
CBO1 CTBa MaTepHaJIOB MHIIIeHH BecbMa cynleCTBeHHO oTpa
)KaIOTCH He TOJIbKO Ha (popMe cneKTpaJIbHOII XapaKTepHCTHKH, HO
H Ha TaKHX OCHOBHbIX napaMeTpaX Tpy6KH, max tlyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb
H HHepI[HOHHOCTb. 3TO 'HarJISIAHO noKa3bIBaeT cpaBHeHHe aMop(p-
Horo ceJleHa H Sb2S3 (n0 oCTaJIbHbIM MaTepHaJlaM Ony6JiHKOBaHbI,
IC CO)KaJIeHHIO, JIHHIb OTpbIBOLIHble aaHHb1e, KOTOpble TPYAHO BC-
nOJIb3OBaTb AJIH COHOCTBBJIeHHH).
TpexcepHHCTa1 CypbMa IIO3BOJIHeT nOJIYqaTb Tpy6KH CO CneK-
TpaJIbHbIMH XapaKTepHCTHKaMH, Hal60Jiee 6JIH3KHMH K KPHBOII BHA-
HOCTH (CM. KPHBy1O 2 pnc. 2), T. e. o6ecnel1HBaeT HaHJIygnlee BOC-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
H OH3Be1.[eHHe LLBeTHbIx o6-beKTOB. CJIOH H3 3TOI O MaTepI-IaJia McHee
LIyBCTBHTeJIbHbI, TIeM CJIOH H3 Se TOH )Ke TOJI1UHHbI, H Tpe6yloT
6oJIbIIIHX pa6ogHx HanpHxceHHt3 Ha CHrHaJIbHOI3 rJIacTHHe (piic. 3)
[At. 3].
TaKoe cpaBHeHHe, OaHaKO, HeLLOCTaTOTIHO nOJIHO, HOTOMy LITO
)JIH CHH>KeHHR HHepLjHOHHOCTH MO)KHO H3rOTaBJIHBaTb ceJieHOBble
*,
A
/I
PHC. 2. CneKTpaJIbHble
XapaKTepHCTHKH BH1HKOHa
1) Se; 2) Sb,S:,
Ptic. 3. CBeTOBble XapaKTepHCTHKH BHAHKOHOB
C MHHIeH$IMH paBHON TOJIH(HHbI
1) Se; 2) Sb2S.
MA'a 100
UI X 80
80
40
20
4 8 f2 IF
411/OJ70 *,a 67,00e nocne upenpo4m(A oc8e-
u4 eNUA
Piic. 4. CBeTOBbte XapaKTepHCTHKH BH- PHC. 5. XapaKTepHCTHKH HHepI1,HOHHO-
AIIKOHOB C MHHIeHHMH H3 Se (KpHBas 1) CTH 3aTyxaHHH CHrHaJIa BHAHKOHOB
H Sb2S3 (KpHBaA 2) 1) Se; 2) Sb.S:,
MHLHeHH 6onee TOJICTbIMH, qeM H3 RPYFHX MaTepxaJloB (10 MK
H OTHB 2-3 .wc [it 7] ).
IIpH 3TOM 6OJIee LIyBCTBHTeJIbHbIMH oKa3blBalOTCSi yxie Tpy6KH
C MHIIIeHHMH H3 Sb953 (pHc. 4).
O6paTHaR KaPTHHa Ha6JnoaaeTCH B OTHOIneHHH HHepgHOHHOCTH.
1lpH paBHbIX TOJIU HHaX HHePLLHOHHOCTb McHbHIe y MHLueHeI?i H3
Sb,S3 H, Hao6opOT, npH npej[eJIbHbIX AJIA Kax(J[Oro THHa TOJIHLHHax
cejteHOBble MHIneHH, HMefOlLLHe TOJILUHHy nopsijKa 10 mm, o6Hapy-
)KHBaIOT HHePUHOHHOCTb B 5-6 pa3 McHbIIIylo, qeM cepHHCTO-
cypbM5IHble, rae TOJILuHHa Bcero 2-3 .nzrc (pHc. 5) [A. 7].
f ZOB
2V40B
/ ?
~20B
0
.
5Bxg,
.~OB
f
/
"2
"P I
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
KaK BHJ]HO H3 npHBe11eHHbIx Ha pHc. 3 H 4 CBeTOBbIX XapaK-
TepHCTHK Tpy60K C MHHIeHHMH H3 pa3HbIX MaTepHailOB, HaI160JIee
6JIH3Ka K Tpe60BaHHHM npaBHJIbHOrO BOCnpOH3Be11eHHH nOJIyTOHOB
B CHCTeMaX t4epHO-6eJJoro TeJIeBHaeHHH xaparTepHCTHKa BHJ[HKOHa
C cepHHCTO-CypbMSIHOII MHIneHb}o; B BTOM ciiytlae i=0,75, Torj a
KaK npH HCHOJIb30BaHHH cefleHa y=0,9. 3TO pa3JIHqHe cJIeayeT
OTHeCTH 3a ctleT pa3HOII (JOpMbI CBeTOBbIX XapaKTepHCTHK aBYX
Ha3BaHHbIX MaTepHaJIOB. 1'13BeCTHO, t1TO aim ceiieHa aTa 3aBHCH-
MOCTb (JOTOTOKa OT OCBeIueHHOCTH npH MaJIbIX BeJJHtIHHax nociieJt-
HeI1 6JIH3Ka K JIHHei3HOII, a y Sb2S3 HMeeT McCTO CTeneHHaH 3a-
BHCHMOCTb C IOKa3aTeJIeM 0,5 [A. 6, 8].
IIOCKOJIbKy H3BeCTHbI TaK)Ke Tpy6KH, Y KOTOpbIX 7 CBeTOBON
XapaKTepHCTHKH HMeJIH 3Hat1eHH51 OT 0,6 A o 1,0, eCTb Bce OCHOBa-
HHx o6o6HjHTb fOCJIeJ(HHIi BbIBOa H rOBOPI1Tb 0 B03MO)KHOCTH BapbH-
pOBaHHH ()OpMbI CBeTOBOI1 XapaKTepHCTHKH y paccMaTpHBaeMbIX
Tpy6oK nyTeM no1x6opa J(JIH HHX (p OTOnpOBOJtxnInx MaTepnarloB
c pa3JIHIIHbIMH CBeTOBbIMH XapaKTepHCTHKaMH. 3TO BeCbMa ueHHoe
CBOI1CTBO BbIrOJ(HO OTJIHtiaeT BHaHKOHbi OT Bcex JlpyrHx HbIHe 143~
BeCTHbIX Tpy60K.
3axaHIIHBa5i 3THM onHcaHHe CBOI1CTB MHHIeHe i, caeJlaeM .1 Ba
o6MHx 3aMet4aHHSI.
IlepBoe H3 HHX,OTHOCHTCH K TOJInjHHe (~OTOnpOBOJjBluero CJIOH.
Bb13BaHHa5l yMeHbnIeHHeM TOJIIUHHbI OT ueHTpa K KpaHM HeoJ HO-
pOJ[HOCTb TeMHOBOrO COnpOTHBJIeHHH H tlyBCTBHTeJlbHOCTH B npe-
J[eJiax pa6otieli nJIOIuaaH o6ycJloBJIHBaeT HepaBHOMepHOCTb (fOHa.
I-ITO6bi H36e)KaTb yxy1[IIIeHHH KagecTBa H3o6pa)KeHHSI, nPIIXO11HTCH
orpaHHtIHBaTb BeJIHTIHHy pa6otlero HanpH)KeHHH Ha cHrHaJIbHOIi ruia-
CTHHe, 'ITO B CBOIO otlepeab HPHBOJ[HT K 3aHH)KeHIuo t1yBCTBH-
TeJIbHOCTH npH6opoB [JI. 4].
BTOpOII HeaoCTaTOK cyIueCTByIOIuHX MHIIIeHef-H3MeHeHHH 11yB-
CTBHTeJIbHOCTH H TeMHOBOrO TOKa, Ha6JIK)JjaIOIUHeccI npH o6Jiytie-
HHH (JOTOCJIOH 3JIeKTpOHHbIM nytIKOM. DTH H3MeHeHHH OrpaHHtIHBa}oT
CpoK CJIy)K6bI Tpy6oK, a Tax we Tpe6yloT oco60II OCTOpO)KHOCTII
B npouecce axcnJlyaTauHH. OKa3blBaeTCH, TITO Heo6XOJUHMo He
TOJIbKO rapaHTHpoBaTb 3anHpaHHe nytiKa Ha cnytiali npexpavjeHInI
pa3BepTKH (wITO J[eJIaeTCSI J&IH npeAOTBpanjeHHH npoxcHraHHH MIt-
HIeHeI1 H B JJpyrHx Tpy61KYLUHXCH o6'beKTOB HaJIHLIHe HHepL[HOH--
HOCTH npHBOAHT, KaK 3T0 6yAeT HOKa3aHO HH1Ke, K Heo6XOAHMOCTH
HOBbIlnaTb pa6otlHe OCBeuIeHHOCTH, HepeAKO BeCbMa 3HagHTeJIbHO.
ECJIH He npHHHMaTb BO BHHMaHHe HHepuHOHHOCTb, TO CJIeAyeT
CLIHTaTb, IITO B03MO)KHOCTb 9KCHJIyaTaunH Tpy60K HpH McHbmmHX
OCBeu eHHOCTRX 3a CTIeT HCHOJIb3oBaHHH CHrHa.IOB McHb1Ue 0,1 mKa
JIHMHTHpyeTCH TOJIbKO 4)JIIOKTyaJuHOHHbIMH nOMexaMH, BHOCHMbIMH
BXOAHbIM KacxaAOM BHAeoyCHJIHTeJIH (LIeM BHAHKOHbI OTJIHgaIOTCR
OT HKOHOCKOIIOB, r,e Ba)KHO YTIHTbIBaTb em e H ypOBeHb CHrHaJIOB.
,,qepHoro HHTHa"). B CB513H C 9THM B HOCJIeAHee BpeMH 3a py6e--
)KOM 6bIJIH rIpOBeaeHbI pa60TbI HO CHH}KeHHIO BeJIHtIHHbI 9THX
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
nOMeX. CneuHaJlbHO 1[JIH KaMep C BHAHKOHaMH 6b1JIH pa3pa6OTaHbI
TaK Ha3bIBaeMble ?KacKOAHbie" CXeMbI BXOAHbIX KacKaAOB, B KO-
TOpbIX ypOBCHb (LJIK)KTyaUHOHHbIX nOMeX 3Ha'IHTeJIbHO McHbine,
qeM B o6bIgHbIX cxeMax [JI. 5, 10]. K co>i a.ieHHio, AaHHbIX o Be-
JIH4HHe HenocpeACTBeHHOIO BbIHrpbiiua B 4yBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH noKa
He Ony6JIHKOBaHO.
OueHHBaa nepCneKTHBbI yJIy4LIIeHH5I 4yBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH CaMHX
Tpy6oK, ciieayeT OTMeTHTb BJIHHHHe Ha BeJIH4HHy CHrHaJIa TOKa
ny4Ka In H HanpaxK eHHH Ha CHI'HaJlbHOri HJIaCTHHe Uen. B cyiue-
CTBYIOU(HX Tpy6Kax pa6o4He 3Ha4eHHH In H Uen Cepbe3HO orpa-
HH4HBaK)T 3Ty BeJIH4HHy H, c.IeaoBaTeJIbHO, 4yBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb.
TaK, BeJIH4HHa I, CoCTaBJIHeT o6bI4HO 1-2 mica. IlpH yBeJIH4e-
HHH In MOIKHO 6bIJlo 6bI nOJIy4HTb pOCT CHrHa.Ia, HO npH 6oJIbiIIHX
IIJIOTHOCTHX TOKa B ny4Ke Ha4HHaeTCH paC(pOKyCHpOBKa H naaaeT
4eTKOCTb nepe.aBaeMbix H3o6pa)KeHHIi. )KeCTKHe OrpaHH4eHHH
HaKJIaAbIBaIoTCH H Ha BeJIHgHHy Uen, T04Hee, Ha. pa3HOCTb nOTeH-
gHaJIOB Mexu y CHrHaJIbHOki n.iaCTHHOri H KaTOAOM (pe)KHM MeA-
JIeHHbIX 3JIeKTpOHOB) HJIH KOJIJieKTOpOM (pe)KHM 6bICTpbIX 3JIeK-
TpOHOB). 9TH OrpaHH4eHHH o6yCJIOBJIeHbI HeAOnyCTHMOIi HepaBHO-
RiepHOCTbI0 (JOHa, HOHBJIHK)IuerIcH npn 60JIbIIIHX Uen BCJIeACTBHe
6bICTpOrO poCTa TeMHOBOFO TOKa. KaK npaBHJIo, npH 3KcnlIyaTauHli
Tpy6oK Uen He npeBbiuiaeT 25-40 e. BMeCTe C TeM, H3 pHC. 7,
rj(e npHBe1[exa THnH4HaH KPHBa1 3aBHCHMOCTH Ey=f (Uen), BHAHO,
4TO pa6o4aH ocBeiueHHOCTb E. H3MeHHeTC51 o6paTHO np0nopunO-
HaJIbHO Ky6y Uen [JI. 4].
CyMMHpyil npHBeaeHHbie AaHHble, MO)KHO yTBep)KAaTb, 4T0,
Bo-nepBblX, no 4yBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH cymeCTByio uHe BHAHKOHbI ycTy-
nalOT TOJIbKO Tpy6KaM C aByCTOPOHHefl MHIIIeHbIO H, BO-BTOpbIX,
HMeIOTCH peaJlbHbie nepCneKTHBbI AaJlbHeriIllero yJIy4IIIeHH51 Tpy6oK
no 3TOMY napaMeTpy. Ha oCHOBaHHH CBeTOBbIX xapaKTepHCTHK
MO)KHO 3aKJIK)4HTb, TO BCe BHAHKOHbl H03BOJIHIOT lOJIy4aTb BbI-
co oe npeAeJlbHoe oTHOIIIeHHe CHrHaJI/noMexa ~nped? BjiaroAap i
nOBbiiueHHOki eMKOCTH C MHIIIeHefi 3THX Tpy60K y1LaeTCH CHHMaTb
CHrHaJIbI BeJIH4HHOli 0,3-0,5 MKa (pHc. 3 H 4), H 3a 3TOT C4eT
Cnpea > 100:1. K BTOMy ciieayeT 1[o6aBHTb, 4TO noMexH, BJIHH10-
awe Ha H3o6pa)KeHHe,-BbICOK04aCTOTHble, H Ha npHeMHOM 3KpaHe
HPOHBJIHK)TCH KaK McJIKHe TOgKH. C y4eTOM 0006eHHOCTerI BOC-
npHHTHH TaKHX nOMeX rJIa30M, Tnped OueHHBaIOT KaK 300: 1 '[JI. 101.
Bce 3TO nO3BOJIHeT CgHTaTb, 4TO ?IIIyMOBble" napaMeTpbl BHAHKO-
HOB 3Ha4HTeJIbHO Jiygnle, 4eM y ApyFHX Tpy60K.
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peUiaioiuyio cnoco6HOCTb BHAHKOHOB paBHoH 400-600 JIHHHHM B
ueHTpe H 300-450 JIHHHHM Ha Kpaxx. BOJlbniac uHq)pa npH 3TOM
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
'IHTeJIbHO HOBbILHaeTCH npHMeHeHHeM TaK Ha3bIBaeMOIi ,, HHaMH-
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3aMeTHbIM Ha H3o6pa>ICeHHH H He yXyjJinaeT erO Ka'ieCTBa [it 4].
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>KeHHII, nepeJ1aBaeMbIX BHaHKOHOM, CJIeJjyeT OL);eHHBeaTb yxce Ha
OcH0BaHHH xpHBOH 4 pHc. 8.
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co6HOCTb BHJ[HKOHOB, OTMeTHM B Ka'IeCTBe rJIaBHOrO CYHTbIBaK)LI[HIi
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XO,qHMO 06eCne'IHTb CTOJIb 6oJUSIHO i TOK B ny'IKe (a o 1-2 MKa),
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COCJIaTbCFI Ha OnblTHbie 06pa3Ljbl Tpy6oK C KOJ16o i ,L HaMeTpoM
50 mm; Hx pa3peHlaioLua5i Cnoco6HOCTb (800 JIHHHIi [ii. 11]) yxce
4 Teiiesnt[enue, BbIn. 20-22 49
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
cpaBHHMa c pa3peiuaioigeli Cnoco6HOCTbIO Apyrnx coBpeMeHHblx
Tpy6oK.
Bce npHBeaeHHbie BbIHie MaTepnaJlbi o pa3peluaionLeli cnoco6-
HOCTn BHAHKOHOB MOryT 6bITb npHMeHeHbI JIHIHb AJiH OLjeHKH qeT-
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HHTeJIbHbIX Tpe60BaHHfi K BHJLHKOHY BbIXOAHT 3a paMKH HaCTOR-
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2. KOHJLYKTPOH
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30BaHHR CH1HaJIa B HOA06HbIX np116opax. Ha HH3KOOMHbIX MHlne-
HRX He o6pa3yeTCSI nOTeHuHaJIbHOrO peJIbe(Ja B 06bI'IHOM cMbICJIe
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cyaLeCTBeHHO OTJIHmaeT Tpy6KH C HH3KOOMHbIMH MHIUeHRMH OT
BHAHKOHOB H AaeT OCHOBaHHe OTHeCTH nepBbie m KaTeropHH npH-
60POB MrHOBeHHOI'O ae 1CTBHH.
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107-108 OM?C.M, CB513aHo c noHCKaMH nyTeH CHH)KeHHR HHepuHOH-
JiOCTH. OcHOBaHHe AJIR nOJIy'IeHHR ManoH HHep1HOHHOCTH aaei
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HHepuHOHHOCTH yCTaHOBJIeHHH nOTeHwHaJIOB npH H3MeHeHHRX
OCBemeHHOCTH. EJLHHCTBeHHOH npH'IHHOII HHepuHoHHOCTH OCTaeTC1
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
(JoTo3JIeKTpHLIeCKa1t HHePIHOHHOCTb H3MeHeHHH npOBOAHMOCTH
(IOTOCJIOSI, KOTOpaA, O,i1HaKo, y pHAa Be11eCTB MO)KeT 6bITb AO-
BeAeHa AO npHeMJIemo MaJIb1)( BeJIH4HH. B gaCTHOCTH, 3KcnepH-
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noJIytlaTb nOJIHOCTbIO 6e3blHepwHOHHble H3o6pa)(eHHH [A. 2].
npH6opbI MI'HOBeHHOrO Ae13CTBHH o6JiaAaIOT, KaK H3BeCTHO,
MaJIOH LIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTbIO. OAHaKO CneuHarlbHoe paccmOTpeHHe
Hx pa60Tbi nOKa3a.I0 [A. 4], LITO HpH HCnOJIb3oBaHHH HH3KOOM-
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PHc. 12. YCTPOFICTBO KOHAyKTPOHa
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8-ceruaJIbHas, nAaCTHHa
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a) CHH)KeHHe 3JIeKTpOHHOIO COnpOTHBJIeHHH BaxyyMHOro npo-
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B) yMeHblueHHe eMKOCTH MHIIIeHH.
YAOBJIeTBOpeHHe yKa3aHHbIX Tpe60BaHH13 MO)KeT 6bITb ,II,OCTHr-
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pa3pa6aTblBaeMOH B noCJIeBOeHHb1e rOAbI [f1. 14].
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j[HaMeTp KOJ16bI 50 .dm.4i) HpHMePHO paBeH ra6apHTy BH,1IHKOHa,
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yBeJIHLIHTb 3(J(JeRTHBHOCTb npouecca KOMMyTauHH. TaK, CHrHaJIb-
Haa nJIaCTHHa KOHJ yKTpOHa BbIUOJIHeHa He B BHJ.[e cnjlomuoro
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
ToxonpoBO,gHluero Clio , a npeACTaBJIHeT co oii ceTKy C BecbMa
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lieHHe B HCHOJIb30BBHH01i HMH KOHCTPYKUHH HMeeT H CHH)KeHHe
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4 OKyCHPOBKa ny iKa Me.ILJieHHbIX 3JIeKTPOHOB B KDHAYKTPOHe
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nJloujap,b 4:OTOCJIOH. (OHa HMeeT AHarOHaJIb 14 mm npH AHaMeTpe
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OTKa3 OT 4)OKYCHpOBKH MaIHHTHbIM HOJIeM .ILJIHHHOii KaTyHIKH.
MO)KHO, OAHaKO, npeAnoJiaraTb, TO 3TO cAeJIaHO C ueJIbIO CHH-
)KeHHH COIPOTHBJIeHHH 3aPHJ.[HOrO BaKyyMHOI'O npoMe)KyTKa.
A6c0JIIoTHaH BeJIHqHHa TOKa KOMMYTHPYIOnjerO nygKa AOXOAHT
B KOHAyKTpOHe ,no 5-10 mKa. 14 HaKOHeIj, TOJIujHHa MHIneHH,
143rOTOBJIHeMof H3 CyJIb4)HAa KaAMHH, COCTaBJIHeT 5-10 MK. HO
nOJIHOrO COrJIaCOBaHHH COnpOTHBJIeHHii BaKYYMHoro npOMe)KYTKa
H CJIOH nOJIYqHTb nOKa He yAaJIOCb, H HO 9TOii npHLIHHe npaKTH-
lIeCKaH qYBCTBHTeJibHOCTb o6pa3UOB KOHAyKTPOHO.B MHO[O McHbIIIe
pacqeTHOii [JI. 13, 14].
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OCBeujeHHOCTb o6'beKTOB AOJI)KHa COCTaBJIHTb HeCKOJIbRO COTeH
JIIOKCOB. XapaKTepHO, LITO yBeJIH4IeHHe OCBenueHHOCTH He AaeT yJIyLI-
IIIeHHH KatieCTBa H3o6pa)KeHHH, Talc KaK KpHBai CBeTOBOii xaOaK-
TePHCTHKH HMeeT MaKCHMYM (CHrHaJI B MaKCHMYMe COCTaBJIHeT
npHMepHO 0,2 mica). OueHHBaR nepCneKTHBbI nOBbIHIeHHH qyBCTBH-
TeJIbHOCTH, aBTOPbI [JI. 13] CqHTaIOT, TO corJiacosaHHe COnpoTHB-
JIeHHii n03BOJIHT CHH3HTb pa6o yio OCBeIIjeHHOCTb o6'beKTa Ao 10 AK.
HeCMOTpH Ha 6e3bIHepuHOHHOCTb npouecca KOMMyTauHH, KOH-
.I(yIKTPOHbI HHepuHOHHbI, XOTH H B McHbmeI3 CTeneHH, qeM BHAH-
KOHbI. HHepuHOHHOCTb 3aTyxaHHH CHrHaJia JIe)KHT B npeaeJiax
0,1-0,3 ceic. H CYHjeCTBeHHO 3aBHCHT OT pa6ogeii OCBenjeHHOCTH.
310 o6'1 cHHeTCH HHepLHOHHOCTbIO 4 OTOHPOBOAHMOCTH ciIoeB CdS,
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otiepeAb orpaHHgHBaeT Ao.IrOBe'IHOCTb Tpy6KH.
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CO6HOCTb KOHAYKTp0HOB; OHa COCTBBJIHeT BCero 200 JIHHHii.
B ueJioM MO)KHO C'qHTaTb, 'ITO Ha CTa2InH JIa6opaTOPHOfI pa3-
pa60TKII KOHAYKTPOHa yaaJIOCb ycneMHO pelIHTb OCHOBHYIO 3a.-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Aa4y-lOJIyTIHTb gyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb npH60poB C HH3KOOMHbIMH
(poTOnpOBOAg1LLHMH MHIIeHHMH, cpaBHHMyIO C qyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTbIO
COBpeMeHHbIX Tpy6oK C HaKon.ieHHeM 3apH.1[OB. BJIH)KafuIee 6yAy-
aiee.AOJI)KHO noKa3am, HaCKOJIbKO. cepbe3Hbl TPYAHOCTH lloJlyge-
HHSI pa3pemaloweIi cHOCO6HOCTH, yAOBJieTBOpSiIOIL el3 Tpe60BaH145IM
COBpeMeHHbIX CTaHAapTOB. B cJlytiae ycrielUnoro peuleI1HH H
BTOIcI 3aAagH KOHAyKTpOH COCTaBHT cepbe3Hylo KOHKypeHLLHio Apy ,
rHM Tpy6KaM C (pOTOnpOBOAHu HMH MHIIIeHHMH. _
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Tpy6KH c q)OTOnpOBOARnLHMH MHIIIeHSIMH HaXOASITCH B 9KCnJIya-
TaILHH CpaBHHTeJIbHO HeAaBHO, H AeJIaTb o6ujyio OIIeHKy HX 31C-
cnJlyaTaLLHOHHbIX KageCTB em e paHO. flpaBAa, Ba)KHeI3uIHM aOCTOHH-
CTBOM CJIeAyeT 6e3OrOBOpOgHo npH3HaTb HX Ma.ible ra6apHTbl H
nPOCTOTY B ynpaBJIeHHH. HMeHHO 9THM 06'bHCHHeTCH TOT (JaKT,
1TO B HaCT051mee BpeMH BHAHKOHbI HBJISIIOTCSI OCHOBHbIMH Tpy6-
KaMH, HCHOJIb3yeMbIMH B pa3JIHgHoro poja Ma.IOra6apHTHOIi an-
napaType. nOJIO)KHTeJIbHbie pe3yJlbTaTbI Aajio npHMeneHHe 9THX
Tpy6oK AJIH TeJIeKHHOnepeaaq, B TOM 4HCJie H B CHCTeMa.X UBeT-
HOrO TeJIeBHAeHHH. B TO we BpeMS1 HHepUHOHHOCTb cepbe3HO,
orpaHHgHBaeT BO3MO)KHOCTb HX HCnOJIb30BaHHH AJISI nepeaaq
c.ua6000BeLueHHbIX H 6bICTpOABH)(yuLHXCSI o6'beKTOB. gaJ1bHeruulee
pacmnpeHHe o6JiaCTH npHMeHeHHSI 3aBHCHT npe)KAe BCerO OT yC-
neXOB B Ae.Ie CHH)KeHHSI HHepuuHoHHocTH1 5IBJ15uo ILei3CSl noxa
OCHOBHbIM HeaoCTaTKOM Tpy6oK C (1JOTOHPOBOAHILLHMH MHiHeHHMH.
JIHTEPAT,YPA
1. H. M ill e r, J. S t r a n g e, Pros. Phys. Soc.", 1938, vol. 50,
pp. 374 - 382.
2. R. T h e i.l e, ,Telefunkenrohre", 1933, Lief. 13, SS. 109-126.
3. W. H e i m a n n, "Arch. der electr. Ubertragung", 1955, 'Bd. 9, Ns 1,
SS. 13-19.
4. R. N e u h a u s er, "JSMPTE", 1954, vol. 62, Ns 2.
5. H. K a z a n o w s k i, "Proc. of the Nat. Electr. Conference", 1953, vol.
IX, p. 391.
6. S. F o r q u e, P. Goodrich, A. Cope, ?RCA Rev.", 1951, vol. 12,
Ns 3, pp. 335 - 43.
7. B. Vine, R. Janes, W. V e i t h, RCA Rev.", 1952, vol. 13, Ne 1,
pp. 3-10.
8. P. K. W e i m e r, A. D. Cope, RCA Rev.", 1951, vol. 12, N2 3,
pp. 314-334.
9. L. Heijne,P. Shagen,N.Briuin-ing,"Philip's techn.Rundschau",
1954, Bd. 16, SS. 43-45.
10. 0. S c h a d e, JSMPTE", vol. 61, N2 2, pp. 97-164.
11. H e r b s t, "JSMPTE", 1951, vol. 56, N2 4.
12. Proc. IRE", 1955, vol. 43, Ns 3, p. 370.
13. B. Bartels, M. Munsch, "Le Vide", 1953, N 44, pp. 1320-1325.
14. W. V e i t h, , Le Vide", 1950, Ns 30, pp. 887-895.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
H Icexep H. F. MEJI KOBA
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npOCTpaHCTBeHHOI%I AHarpaMMbl fOBCpXHOCTbIO BpanjeHHSI (3JIJIHn-
COHA BpalueHHH, IOBePXHOCTb BpalljeHHH KpHBOII e- h" BOKPyr Ha-
npaBJFeHHH HaH60JIbluerO H3JIy1IeHHH).
TIpeaCTaBJIAeT HHTepeC ApyraH rpynna AHarpaMM HanpaBJleH-
HOCTH,-AHarpaMM, 3aMeTHO OTJIHLIaIOH[HXCSI HO IHHpHHe, HO CHM-
McTpHTIHbIX B rJIaBHbIX nJIOCKOCTAX. HHOraa 6e3AOKa3aTeJIbHO
paCnPOCTpaHRIOT Ha 3TOT ciiygiaii annpoKCHMaIulIo peaJIbHOII AHa-
rpaMMbl 3JIJIHHCOHAOM BpanjeHHSI. He6e3bIHTepeCHO HO3TOMy
CpaBHHTb pe3yJlbTaTbI paCTieTOB KH,LI aHTeHHbI, nOJlyueHHble npH
annpoKCHMaljHH RBYXOCHbIM H.TpeXOCHbIM 3JIJIHHCOHAOM.
,qOnyCTHM, 4TO aHarpaMMa He HMeeT .leneCTKOB HJIH, HPH HX
HaJIHTIHH, noAaBJISIIOnuaFl LIaCTb 3HeprHH H3JIy'laeTC5] B OCHOBHOM
JleneCTKe aHarpaMMbl. HaJIHTIHe 3aMeTHbIX JleneCTKOB Tpe6yeT OT-
AeJIbHOro yTleTa Ka)KAoro JleneCTKa H nOHH)KaeT TOTIHOCTb onpe-
AeJIeHHSI KH,LI aHTeHHbI. ToT-IHoe 3Haq-IeHHe KH,I MbI MOrJIH 6bI
JIerro noJIyT-IHTb, 3HaSi BHA npOCTpaHCTBeHHOIf AHarpaMMbl HanpaB-
JIeHHOCTH aHTeHHbI, HO 06bITIHO 3Ta (JYHIKeHHe aim KH,L[ aHTeHHbI no OTHOHIe
HHIO K.HOJIyBOJIHOBOMY BH6paTOpy:
2,44
57
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Ill
,L[JIH KJiacca allarpaMM, annpoKCHMHpyeMblX TpeXOCHbIM 3JI-
JIHHCOHAOM, BHA 4)yHKILHH f(15, T) MO?(HO HarITH, HanHcaB ypaBHe-
HHe 3JIJIHncoHJ1a B Cq)epHtIecKori CHCTeMe Koop1JHHaT H BbItIHCJIHB
paAHyC-BeKTOp ero Texynieri TOtIKH (pHc. 2):
x=r sin 4 cos p;
y = r sin a sin cp;
z=rcos 4;
a l2
z--/
2 y2 2 I
C2 b2 a2
.f P, T)
_
aCos
(D1 sin 24 cos 2? + ~2 sin 2~ sin2 f + cos2g?
3Aecb (D1= a H (D2= c -oTHo1ueHHH oceri 3JIJIHncoHAa, rAe a-
b
3JIJIHHC0HAa B HanpaBJIeHHI3 Hal60JIbuxero H3JIygeHHH.
MOHZHOCTb H3JIyqeHHH allTeHHbI Ha paCCTOHHHH D OT HCTOtI-
HHKa onpeAeJIHTCH CJIeJ.[yioUjHM BbIpa)+ceHHeM:
4a'?U2
P= Cos 2,a sin,5&
240s 4)i cos2c~ sin2a+4)2sin2,4 sin2~p+cos2a
P= 4 2l H G 2,44
240 .
2
E)TOT pe3yilbTaT 6ojiee 06iuu i, tleM pe3yJIbTaT, noJlytleHHblri
B [J1. 1], H CTaHOBHTCH TaKHM ,Ke npH yCJIOBHH (D1=(D2 noCJIe
nHTerpHpoBaHHH n0 gyp:
. 2
P= D2a2
C.
120 (c2 Sin2 4 + COS2a)2 '
IV
OCHOBHaH TpyAHOCTb OnpeaeJIeHHH KHA allTeHHbl c AHarpaM-
fbiOrI HanpaBJIeHHOCTH, He HBJIHIOnuerICH TeJIOM BpaiReHHH, 3aKJno-
qeHa B BbItIHCJieHHH HHTerpaJIa J. foc.iie HHTerpHpOBaHHH no p
Si 3aMeHbl nepeMeHHOri (x=COS &') HHTerpaJI npHHHMaeT BHA:
5$
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO45700380001-3
of
V((2 1 - X 1\J )3( 1- X 2) 3 -0i-02) r V('ni I z) (nl+x2)
-(1-V1 J y i dz z z-m2(1-02) X
(/n x`(n1+x)a
o J
dx
x V,(m2+x2)3(ni+x2)
0 1
q2
m2 = 1
1 m2
(D2
n2 = ?
1
H Aim onpe,eJleHHOCTH npHHHTO, TO c'1 > ck2, T. e. b < c.
1,1paKTHLIeCKH MoryT npeACTaBHTbCH cJlez1yJolIHe TPH c lyqaH
OTHomeHHSI Meway oCHMH 3JIJIHncoH,ua:
1) o 01>(D2>1, T. e. a>c>b
(aHTeHHa HMeeT HanpaBJleHHoe H3JIygeHHe);; npH 3TOM
mi=-m2 3 02 (15)
w,10-8 dID3 W,10 -8 dD1
_S R3 dt R3 dt
uhaJIbHOe ypaBHeHIIe AJiH HOTOROB (D, H 03:
W.,
11
argp=z-m (11-12)
:npH WI < W2.
ECJIH H3o6pa?KaIO H1 BeKTOp 3aaaeTCH cocTaBJIHIOIUHMH BHAc
WI- W 2 ein m Jl 1 1
cos m (11-12),
ero rouorpa(poM HBJIHeTCH ajijIHnc. TorAa npH pac'-ieTax yAo6H(
npeACTaBHTb ero B BHAe cyMMbl AByx BeKTOpoB-npasoro H iie
BorO Bpau eHHH (p,E H p?). MO ynb OAHOrO 113 HHx 6yaeT panel
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
W W, W2 , BTOporo W1 + Wa , a apryMeHT H HanpaBJieHHe BpalueHHSI
i
Heo6xoLLHMO Onpeae.IHTb, HCXOAfl H3 yCJIOBHIt peuiaeMOll 3aAaLIH.
I-IpH HOCTPOeHHH BeKTOPHbIX amarpaMM H3o6pa]KaioiuHX BeKTO-
poB TaK?Ke MOIKHO HCHOJIb3OBaTb CJIeAyloul,ee COOTHomeHHe, onpe-
lLeJIHIOH.[ee yrOJi OTCTaBaHHH (HJIH onepexceHHH) I
sin T = I kl+ I sin 2m12,. (3)
P
KoTOpoe nojly4aeTC5I, eCJIH yLIHTbIBaTb, LITO yroJi MexgAy BeKTO-
paMH k H p paseH JIH6o 2m12, JIH6o 2m12-7C.
I'ICXOAH H3 BeKTOpHOII allarpaMMbi (piic. 2), pa36epeM CJIyLiall
Kac}aAHoro BKJIIOLIeHHSI (pHc. 1,a).
ByieM CpaBHHBaTb BX01[HOe COnpOTHBJIeHHe COCTaBHOi3 JIHHHH
CO BXOAHbIM COHPOTHBJIeHHeM OAHOPOAHOI3 JIHHHH C BOJIHOBbIM CO-
npOTHBJIeHHeM W1 H RJIHHOII 11 + 12. flocJIeAHHA BeJIHLIHHa nocne
HOPMHPOBaHH51 6yAeT paBHa
z8X o = tg m (11 + 12) = tg arg k. (4)
ECJIH HOCTOSIHHaSI pacnpOCTpaxeHHSI m= -t (JIH6o AJIHHa oTpe3-
MOB 11 HJIH 12) H3MeHsleTCH, BeKTOpbI k H p 6yAyT BpaaLaTbC I.
BeKTOp k 6yAeT BpamaTbCH Bceraa npOTHB LIaCOBOi3 CTpeJIKH;
BeKTOP p 6yAeT, B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT 3HaIca pa3HOCTH 11-1?? Bpa-
Il[aTbCH JIH6o npOTHB LIaCOBOII CTpeJIKH, JIH6o no LIaCOBOi3 CTpeAIKe
(npH OTpHuaTeJlbHOM apryMeHTe). IlpH W1> W2 BeKTOp k+p
BHaLIaiie 6yAeT OTCTaBaTb OT BeKTOpa k H BXOAHOe peaKTHBHOe
COnpOTHBJIeHHe B nepBOM KBaapaHTe 6yaeT H3MeH5ITbC5i 6oJiee
Me21JIeHHO, LIeM y 39TaJIOHHOf4" OAHOPOAHOA JIHHHH aJIHHOfi 11 + 12.
FIpH Wl < W2 peaKTHBHOe COnpOTHBJIeHHe, Hao6OpOT, 6yAeT H3-
McH5ITbCH B nepBOM KBaupaHTe 6bICTpee, LIeM y 9TajiOHIiOfI"
JIHHHH.
I-IpH nocTpoeHHH rpacJHKOB Z = f [m (11 + 12)] _Heo6xo2HMo
nOCTpOHTb rot orpa(p H3o6paxcaioluero BeKTOpa k + p. ToLIKH ne-
peceLleHHl ro iorpacpa c rOPH30HTaJIbHOi H BePTHKaJIbHOIi OC1MH
onpeAeJIHIoT 9JIeKTPHLIeCKyIO AJIHHY HeOAHOpOAHOi3 JIHHHH npH n0-
CJIeAOBaTeJIbHOM H napaJIJIeJIbHOM pe30HaHCe.
Ha pHc. 3,a npHBe,LeH roAorpa41 H3o6pa)Kaloiuero BeKTOpa
k + p npH I p = 0,5, 11=12 II WI > W2, a Ha pHc. 3,6-npH
WI > W2-
B COOTBeTCTBHH C aaHHbIMH pHc. 3 Ha pHc. 4 npHBeaeHbl KpH-
Bble zQx= f [m (11 + 12)] B AHana30He LIaCTOT AJIH OAHOpOAHO1I JIHHHH
H AJIH COCTaBHOfI JIHHHH npH KaCKa11HOM CoeAHHeHIIH OTpe3KOB.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
143 pHC. 3 H 4 cneAyeT, 1TO HPH 11=12 npOHCXOANT CABHF 'roYeK
HapaJIJIeJIbHOrO pe30HaHCa, a TOqKH noCJIeAOBaTeJIbHOro pe30HaHca
He CABHra1oTcH.
II
I
I;
a 16 j!a IB
811 270? m(l,+lE1
f
I ~I
1 l
I I PHc. 4
ECJIH 11 - l?? roAOrpa4 H3o6pa)Kalouiero BeKTOpa k + p 6ya,e'r
npeACTaBJIHTb 6OJIee CJIO)KHYIO KpHByIO. DTa KPHBaH 6yaeT 3aMK-
HyTOI3, eCJIH H.pH H3MeHeHHH aJIHHbI BOJIHbI BeKTOp k onHHIe'1
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Ayry, paBHyio 2N2r, a BeKTOp p-Ayry, paBHyio 2M7, (r,qe M II
N-uenbie gncna):
1, + 1, _ N
1, -1, m
B KaiecTBe npHMepa Ha pHC. 5 npHBei ena BeKTOpxau AHa-
,rpaMMa, a Ha pHc. 6-rpa(~HKH H3MeHeHHI BxoAI-IOro COnpoTHBJie-
_
HHA 'aim cnyAaA W, + W,
WI-W'2
=2 H 12+1~ 2.
1,-12
IIoAo6Hbie n1IlUH uene
coo6pa3HO HCnOJlb3oBaTb
B KOHTypaX npHeMHHKOB H
reTepOAHHOB.
KpaTKO pacCMOTpHM,
KaK McHAeTCA BXOAHoe Co-
npoTIBJIeHHe npH H3MeHe-
HHH AJIHHbI OTpe3KOBJIHHHH.
MO>KHO BbIAeJIHTb He-
KO"ropbie XapaKTepHble
CJiy,IaH:
1) H3MeHeHHe 11 TaKHM
o6pa3OM, `ITO BcerAa 11 > 12;
2) H3MeHeHHe 12 TaKHM
o6pa3oM, 'ITO BcerAa 12> 11;
3) nepexoA OT 11 > l
(HJIH 12 > 11) K yCJIOBHIO 12> 11 (HJiH 11 > l2) Yepe3 '1'O'IKy ll=l2;
4) H3MeHeHHe 11 H 12 HpH co6JIIoaeHHH YCJIOBH51 11 + 12=const;
5) H3MeHeHHe 11 H 12 npH co6JHoaeHHH yCJIOBHA 11-12=const.
B nepBOM cJiytiae H3o6pa)KaIOIuHFI BeKTOp 6yaeT npH H3MeHe-
HHII 11 BpaluaTbc5 npoTHB TIaCOBOFi cTpeJIKH, a BO BTOpOM cJlytiae-
HO 9aCOBOii CTpe.IKe. B TpeTbeM cnygae 6yaeT npOHCXOAHTb ne-
peMeHa HanpaBneHHA Bpanlenn1 BeKTOpa P, LITO BbI3OBeT n160
6onee 6bICTpoe H3MeHeHHe peaKTHBHOro COnpOTHBneHHH B HagaJie
nepeCTpOFIKH H 3aMeIneHHoe B KOHue, nH60 6yaeT HMeTb McCT0
06paTHaii KapTnHa ABneHHH.
1L
EcnH 1, + 12=const, TO BeKTOp 6yAe"1' HenOABH)KHbIM, H BXOA
Hoe COnpoTHBneHHe 6yaeT McHATbCA BOKpyr BeJIH'HHbI z8,0 (CM.
pHC. 2); npH 1,-2=const BeKTOp p nepeMeiuaeTCA napannenbHo
caMOMy ce6e. KOHCTpyKTHBHO nOAO6Hbie BJIeMeHTbI TpyAHO oCy-
IuecTBHMbI.
B paccMaTpHBaeMbix cJiy~iaix M0)KHO HCnOJIb3OBaTb Bbipa)Ke-
iine (3), KoTOpoe ygo6HO npHBecTH K cneayiou.LeMy BHAy:
sin 2m12 (5)
sinI=
i, i'1+W, 2+2W,+W2 cos2nil.
~\W1-W0,) W, - W,
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
IIpH ml2,=const yrOJI '( 51BJIHeTC1 HOCTO1HHO1 BeJIHgHHO1i,
a rpa4 HK BXOAHOrO conpOTHBJIeHHSf npe2LCTaBJIHeT co60I3 TaIIreH=
COH,ay, CJL[BHHyTyio NO ocH a6cUHCC Ha yro.n 1(.
McTOAHKa nocTpoeHHH BeKTOpxbix j[HarpaMM npH nocJleAOBaTenb-
HOM H napaJLlIeJIbHOM BKJIIOgeHHH OTpe3KOB JIHHHI3 HBJIHeTCH _aHa-
JIOrH'qHOIi. C.1IeAyeT yKa3am, MTO BXOAHOe COnpOTHBJIeHHe B 3THX
c iyma ix TaK?Ke MO)KHO HOpMaJIH3OBaTb .111160 OTHOCHTeJIbHO W1,
.111160 OTHOCHTeJIbHO W2. HanpHMep, eCJ1H HOpMaJIH3OBaTb Bbipa-
)KeHHe (26) OTHOCHTeJIbHO W1, noJIygHM:
Wl+W2 sinm(11+12)+W1-W, sinm(11-12)
Z-7 = Wl Wl (6'
iV1 cosm(11+12)+cosm(11-12)
BeKTOpbI W H P B 3TOM c.ly4ae M0)KH0 pa3JIO)KHTb Ha COCTaBJISIIO-
H],He npaBOrO 11 JIeB0rO BpaIueHHSI.
McTOA H306pa)KaIOII[HX BeKTOpOB Mo)KeT 6bITb HCnOJIb30BaH J
npH 6oJIbIIIOM KOJIH4ecTBe OTpe3KOB JIHHHH. HanpHMep, AJiii Ko.
pOTK03aMKHyT0Ii JIHHHH H3 Tpex OTpe3KOB pa3JIHLIHOIi AJIHHbI C pa3-
JIH'IHbIM BOJIHOBbIM COnpOTHBJIeHHeM no.1iyqaeM (OTCqeT WW H I
npo113BOAUTC51 OT BXOj1HbIX 3a)KHMOB):
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
tgml,-W, tgmt,tgmt.tgml,+W2tgm12+ W3tgm13
= Z-1- W, W, W,
'L N.C
W, 1 W, 1 1 W2 1 W,
t
t
gm 2
--
gm3--tgm Itgml2--tgml1tgm13
\W2 Wi Wt
ri +W, Isinnt(11+12+13)+(1- W3lsinm(1,+12-13)+
W2I \ W.,
+Wcosm(11 d-12+1,)+1-W31 cosm(11+12-13)+
W2l W2)
+rl-W3) Sin m(11-12-{-13)+ rl +W3) sinm(11-12-1,)-
l W2 W2
+(1 W2) COS m(11-12+13)+ (1 + W- /cosm 13)+
(W2 + W3) sin m(11+ 13+13) - 1W2-W31
W1 W, )
-{-(W2W1W3I cosm(11+12+13)+I W- w", )cosm(11+12-1s)-
11 \ 1
+I W2-W3) sinm(11-12+1s)?(W2+Walsinm(1,-12-1?,)
W1 W1 J
W2-W3\cosm(11-12+/3)-(W2+W3 COS m
W1 J) t` W )
(7)
Fpac~Htiecxoe H3o6pa)KeHHe BTOro COOTHOHIeHHH B03MO>KHO
noMOLLjbIO LleTblpex BeKTOpOB npaBOrO H lIeTblpex BeKTOpOB JIe-
OrO BpauzeHHSI.
Z[JIH cJiytin nocJIeA0BaTeJIbHoro BKJIK)YeHHH Tpex KOpoTK03aMK-
YTbiX OTpe3KOB JIHHHi
zex Zex
= -_
Wl+W2+W3
sinm(1,+12+1,) I Wl+W2-W, sin m (11 + 12 -13) +
W,+W2+W,
cosm(1,+12+13)+cosin(11+I2-13)+
+Wi-W2-W3 Sill m(1,-13+13)+
W1+W2+W,
+cosm(11-12+13)+
{ W,-W2-W3
sinm(11-12-13)
W,+W2+W3 (8)
+cosm(11-12-13)
3TO Bblpa}KeHHe MO>K T 6bITb npeACTaBJIeHO Ha BeKTOpHOI
iarpaMMe C rIOMOIL),bIO tieTbipeX BeKTOpOB npaaoro BpameHHx H
)eX BeKTOpOB JIeB0r0 apalueHHR.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
AaHHbuII McTOA allaJIH3a yAO6HO HCnOJIb3OBaTb npH pacueTe
TaKHX BJIeMeHTOB, KaK 6eCKOHTaKTHble 3aMbIKaTeJIH KOHTYPOB, eM-
KOCTHble BpalgalolH,HecH cogJIeHeHHSI, ApOCCeJIbHble BOJIHOBOAHbIC
(4JiaHljbl 11 T. n. HanpHMep, aHaJIH3 )jHaHa30HHbIX CBOI1CTB S-o6-
pa3HOro 6ecK0HTaITH0ro 3aMbIKaTeJI5I pHC. 7, a) CBOAHTCSI K HC-
CJIeAOBaHHIO KOM6HHaUHH OTpe3KOB JIHHHII, cxeMa KOTOpbIX npH-
BeAeHa Ha pHC. 7, 6.
W
H2---{
BXOAHble COnpOTHBJIeHHH cnpasa OT To4eK a-a H 6-6 MaJIO o?
JIH4aIOTCH OT BXOAHOI'O COnpOTHBJIeHHA OTpe3Ka JIHHHH C BOJIH(
BbIM COnpOTHBJIeHHeM W H AJIHHOII 1,, TaK KaK:
a) W1 ,1 (XGYB-XBYG),
k'pGai=xxi (YBZR-YRZB) +YAi (XRZB-XBZR) +
+z xi (XBYR-XRYB);
k'`PBai_xXi (YBZG-YGZB) +yzi (XGZR-XRZG) +
+ zai (XRYG-XGYR),
(2)
i=1, 2, 3, . . ., it, nputieM )Z-tiuCJio AHCKpeTHbIX ytiaCTKOB cneK-
Tpa;
cPB (X), pG (X) H TB (k)-CneKTpaJIbHb1e XapaKTepHCTHKH ne-
peAaIou1.eI3 CTOpOHbI;
x (X), y (X) H Z (X)-KpHBble yAeJIbHbIX KOMnOHeHTOB H3-
JlytieHH51 C JLJIHHOIO BOJIHbI X;
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
XR, Y RI ZR, XG, YH, ZG, XB, YB H ZB - KOOp,i[HHaTbI OCHOBHbIX
UBeTOB npHeMHOrO
yCTpOHCTBa;
Y- KO3C4HILHeHT nponop-
UHOHaJIbHOCTH.
,RJISI OCHOBHbIX UBeTOB
naparpacie, HMeeM:
npHeMHOI-I
CTOpOHbI, npHHHTbIX B 1-M
R(XR=1,93;
YR=1,00;
ZR=0,001; ?
G (XG=0,50;
YG=1,75;
ZG=0,20;
B (XB=0,42;
YB=0,24;
ZB=2,19.
20
/4o
e
I20
80
I
A
60
40
I
A
I
/
/
R
0
5
0
6 0 \
/
70
0MMr
k `PRai=3,79xa1-1,02yx1-0,60z ;
k'`PGa1= -2,19 x,,1 + 4,23 Yai- 0,05 z, (3)
k'pBa1=0,19 xx,i-0,38 Yx. + 2,88 zai,
r,e i =1, 2, 3, ... , n.
PaCCLIHTaHHble TaKHM o6pa3OM CneKTpaJlbHbie XapaKTepHCTHKH
npeo6pa3oBaHH51, HJIH, HHbIMH CJIOBaMH, CneKTpaJIbHbie XapaKTepH-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
CTHKH nepeAaloujeH CTOPOHbI (pHc. 3), ROJI)KHbI 6bITb nOJiy'IeHb[
ny'reM cneljHajIbHOrO noa6opa CneKTpaJIbHbIX XapaKTepHCTHK 4O-
TOKaTOAOB, CBeTO1le.IHTeJIbHbIX 3epKari H CBeTO(jHJlbTpOB.
OAHaKO XapaKTepHCTHKH nepel(aIOHZeI3 CTOpOHbI, paCCLIHTaHHb[e
TaKHM CHOCO6oM, HMeIOT Cepbe3Hblfl HeJ1ocTaTOK. r1OCKOJIbKy B Ka-
zIeCTBe OCHOBHbIX UBeTOB npHeMHOTO yCTPOf CTBa MOryT 6bITb BbI-
6paHbI J1Hnlb IgBeTa peaJlbxo cyu(eCTByIomHe, T. e. pacnoJlo)KeH-
Hble BHyTpH nOJI% UBeTOB, OxBaTblBaeMoro JIHHHeIi cneKTpaJlbHbIX
IjBeTOB Ha rpa(JHKe MKO, TO '[aCTb HOJIH LBeTOB OKa3bIBaeTCSI BHe
TpeyrOJIbHHKa, IOCTPoeHHOrO Ha OCHOBHbIX UBeT1X.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, noJly'IaIOTCH o6JIaCTII, aJIH BOCHpoH3BeaeHHH
KOTOpbIX nOTpe6OBaJIHcb 6bI OTpHIjaTeJlbHble KOJIHqeCTBa OCHOBHbIX
UBeTOB. B paccMaTPHBaeMOM CJIy'Iae HaJ[H'iHe o6JIaCTefl HeBocnpo-
I{3B((OAHMbIX ((UBCTOB 1jaCT OTPHIjaTeJlbHble BeTBH B KPHBbIX ?R (X),
`PG l)') H ?B (k)' PeaJIbHO BOCJPOH3BCCTH OTPHIjaTeJibHble BeTBH B
CHEKTpaJIbHbIX XapaKTepHCTHKaX HeB03MO)KHO. 1-103TOMy npH HOA-
6ope Bcex yKa3aHHbIX 9JIeMeHTOB npHXOAHTCS[ npOCTO npene6pe-
raTb OTPHIjaTeJlbHbIMH y'IaCTKaMH KpHBbIX, TO 6e3yCJIOBHO BHO-
CHT onpeAe.leHHble HCKa)KeHHH HBeTOnepeAa'IH. IlpH nonblTKaX
KOMneHCHpOBaTb cpe3aHHe OTPHIjaTeJIbHbIX BCTBefi KPHBbIX COOT-
BeTCTBeHHbIM H3MeHeHHeM nOJIO)KHTeJIbHbIX BeTBeI[ HCKa)KeHHH
IjBeTOB B H3o6pa)KeHHH Bce )Ke OCTaIOTCA.
2. XapaKTepHCTHKH nepeAaloujeH .CTOpOHbI AOJI)KHbI B TO'-IHOCTH
COOTBeTCTBOBaTb KpHBbIM yAeJIbHbIX KOMHOHeHTOB X N, Y N,
Z (X)) [J1. 9]. KpHBble X (X), V (X) H Z -(X) He HMeIOT OTpHuaTeJIbHbIX
BeTBeK (pHc. 4) H MoryT 6bITb peaJlbHo BOCnpOH3BeAeHbI. TaKHe
KPHBble MoryT 6bITb npHMeHeHbl B Ka'IeCTBe xapaKTepHCTHK ne-
pe)ialoujeii CTOpOHbI, HCXO1151 H3 TeX coo6pa)KeHHiI, 'ITO OHH JIH-
He13HO CBSI3aHbl C KPHBbIMH PR(X), pG (X) H TB O') [CM. (3)]. CJie-
AOBaTeJIbHO, B CJiy'lae OAHOBPeMeHHOrO CyHjeCTBOBaHHA B KaHane
CBH3H (oT Kaxoro-TO ABeTa) Tpex CHrHa.IOB, HPOfOpl(HOHaJIbHbIX
BeJIH'IHHaM X, Y H Z, 9TH CHI'HaJIbI MoryT 6bITb npH HOMOII.H
nepeC'IeTHbIX CxeM npeo6pa3oBaHbl B CHrHaJIbI, nponopuHOHaJIb-
Hble BeJIH'IHHaM R, G H B, KOTOpbie XapaKTepH3yIOT BOCnpoH3Be-
AeHHe nepeAaBaeMoro IjBeTa Ha npHeMHOII CTOpoHe.
Mox(HO noKa3aTb, 'ITO CBH3b Me)1(Ay Be.IH'IHHaMH R, G, B H
X, Y, Z AJIH JIK)6orO H,BeTa Bblpa)KaeTCA ypaBHeHHHMH:
R=p;X + (1-fpi-gq;) Y+ qZ;
G=p2X + (1-fpZ-gqa) Y + q2Z; (4)
B=p3X -}- (1-fpi-gq3) Y+ q3Z,
7'Ae p[ H q;-(JyHKUHH HJIOCKOCTHbIX KOOpAHHBT OCHOBHbIX ILBeTOB
npHeMHOrO yCTPOkICTBa (XR, YR, xG yG' XB' YB)'
f H g-Ko9(J(HILHeHTbI, 3aBHCHIILHe OT Bb16opa paBHOCHrHaJ[b-
Horo 6eJioro IjBeTa.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
EcJIH HOACLIHTBTb 3Ha'IeHHH K034" HLZHeHTOB pi, ql, f H q H
IIOACTaBHTb HX B BbIpa)KeHHH (4), TO HOJIy'IHM ypaBHeHHH AJIR He-
pecqeTHbIX cxeM:
R=1,712X-0,474 Y-0,260Z;
G = - 0,993 X+2,010 Y-0,030 Z; (5)
B=0,081 X-0,167 Y+ 1,280Z.
OAHaKO, XOTH KPHBble x (X), y (A), Z (a) H He HMe1OT OTpHL(a-
TeJIbHbIX BeTBeit, HpaKTH4IeCKOe HX BOCHPOH3Be.eHHe B KaueCTBe
Xapa-.Tepiiciii nepeAaiouteA CTOPOHb1 O'IeHb 3aTpy.kHeHO HaJIH-
4HeM BTOporo MaKCHMyMa y KPHBOK X (X).
3. XapalTepHCTHKH Hepe,alonLeil CTOPOHbI AOJUKHbI 6bITb JIH-
He13HO CBR3aHbI C KPHBbIMH yaeJIbHbIX KOMHOHeHTOB, He AOJI)KHb1
HMeTb OTPHuaTeJIbHbIX BeTBeii H AOJI)KHbI HMeTb IJopMy, yAO6HYIO
AJISI npaKTHqecmorO BOCHpOH3BeAeHHSI.
B KageCTBe TaKHX XapaKTePHCTHK MOryT 6bITb HPHHITbI HO-
Bble" KPHBble yAeJIbHbIX KOMHOHeHTOB x, (X), yk (X), Z? (X). h o-
CJIeAHHH CHCTeMa npeAJIo)KeHa COTPYAHHKaMH BHHCH T.T. WKJIO-
BepOM R. A. H 14o4x e P. C. npH pa3pa6oTKe HMH (pOTO3JIeKTpH-
,qecxoro KoJIOpHMeTpa [JI. 271.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
HOBble KPHBble yJ[e.IbHbIX. KOMHOHeHTOB HaX01[ATCH Hoa6opOM,
I'aK IITO6bI KpHBaft X, (X) He HMeJIa BTOpOro MaKCHMyMa. MaCHITa6bI
CPIIBbIX Bb16HPa1OTC5I TaKHM o6pa3OM, IIT06bI HJIOIua.u4, orpaHH'ieH-
ible HMH, 6bIJIH paBHbI (KaK H B CHCTeMe XYZ). Tor,aa
xH (X) =0,833 x (X) + 0,333y (X)-0, 167 z (n) ;
Y.N=.v(^);
Z. (X) =z (X).
KpHBble X.(),), Y, Q) H z,, (X) HpHBe/7.eHbI Ha pHC. 5.
[ CBfl3b Me)KAy CHCTeMaMH KOOpaHIiaT X,,Y,,ZK H RGB MO)KHO
)ripe) eJIHTb, HOJ[CTaBHB B ypaBHeHHH (5) 3HaTIeHM 1 X, Y, Z, BbI-
)a)(eHHble Ilepe3 X,, YH H Z,,. MoxcHo HOKa3aTb, IITO
X=0,833 X,,;
Y=0,333 X? -{- YH;
Z= -0,167 XH + ZH.
R=1,311 XH-0,474 YH-0,260 ZH;
G=-0,153 XH + 2,010 YH-0,030 ZH; (6)
B= - 0, 203 X,-0,167 YH + 1,280 Z,,.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
TaKHM 06pa3oM, ecili BbIHOJIHHTb XapaKTepHCTHKH nepeAalo
IueH CTOPOHbI CHCTeMbI COOTBeTCTByIOII.jHMH KpHBbIM xH (X), YH (X)
zH (X), TO nepec eT cHrHaJIOB, HOJIyTIeHHbIX IIpH nepeuaTie JII06or(
IZBeTa, B CHI'HaJIbI, KOTOpble HY)KHO nOABeCTH K npHeMHOMy YCTPOFI
CTBY AJIH CHHTe3a Toro )Ke ILBeTa, AonaceH HPOH3BOAHTbC.9 coma
CHO ypaBHeHHSIM (6).
4. AHa.IH3aTOpOM uBeTa HBJISIeTCH nepeAaloluee yCTpOKCTB(
-reJIeBH3HOHH0I3 CHCTeMbI CO CMeHOH UBeTOB HO nOJIHM. B - 9TOD
CJIyllae XapaKTepHCTHKH nepe.aK)Hgei CTOpOHbI AOJI)KHbI OCTaBaTbC
TaKHMH )Ke, KaKHMH OHH 6bIJIH Bb16paHbl npH pac'leTe, HCXOAHHje
H3 napaMeTpOB npHeMHOrO yCTpOI-ICTBa c McXaHHTlecKo cMeHO
IjBeTOB. 3TO Tpe6OBaHHe Bo3HHKaeT H3 HeO6xoaHMOcTH COXpaHeHH
BO3MO)KH0CTH KOHTPOJIH H3O6pa)KeHHH, noriygaeMoro B CHCTeMe c
CMeHOIi UBeTOB HO HOJISIM. 3aTeM HpH HOMOII(H CneuHaiIbHor
yCTpOHCTBa TPH CHrHaJIa, cyluecTByloLuHe B KaxaJle CB513H, nOCJI(
AOBaTeJIbHO AOJI)KHbI 6bITb Hepe3aHHCaHbI B TPH OAHOBpeMeHHbI
CHI'HaJIa, npnT-IeM COOTHOHleHHe Me)KAy HHMH He AOJI)KHO 6bIT
HapynleHO.
HoJIyT-IeHHble TaKHM O6pa3OM CHrHaJIbI OKa3bIBaIOTCH COOTBe'
CTByIOIII.HMH OCHOBHbIM uBeTaM HpHeMHOrO yCTPOI1CTBa CO CMeHO
IBeTOB no nOJJiIM. Ha30BeM 9TH uBeTa 6yKBBMH K(x=0,710, y=
=0,290), 3(x=0,232, y=0,616) n C(x=0,136, y=0,090).
,IJISI TOro TIT06bI o6eCnetIHTb npaBHJIbHOe BOCnPOH3BeAeHII
ILBeTOB Ha npHeMHOM YCTPOIiCTBe C OCHOBHbIMH UBeTaMH R, 0, E
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
CHrHaJlbi, nponoplHOHaJIbHble BeJIH.MHHaM K, 3, C, A0)1 iHb1 6brrb
COOTBeTCTByIOIuHM o6pa3OM nepecqHTaxb1.
Fpa(f i4geCKH (pnc. 6) MO)KHO pacCqHTaTb HPKOCTHbie COOTHO-
ineHHH, B KOTOpbIX Ha1[O B31Tb uBeTa K, 3 H C ,I(JIH nojiy,leHHH
B KaqeCTBe CMeceii LBeTOB R, G, B H W:
R = -0,005 C + 0, 215 3 + 0,790 K;
G=-0,015C+ 1,0453-0,030K; (7)
B= 1,1000-0,1453+0,045K;
W= 0,079 C?0,6693+0,252 K.
OAHaxo AJii onpeaeJIeHHH ypaBHeHHN nepecYeTa Heo6xo,11,IIMo
-HMeTb He HpxoCTHbie, a BHepreTHTiecKHe COOTHOLIeHHH, T. e. Co-
oTHoIIIeHHH CHrHaJIOB. Onpeae.1IHTb 3HepreTHqecKHe 000THOIIIeHHH
UBeTOB K, 3 H C MO)KHO, HCXO1[5l 143 ciieayioiunx coo5pa)KeHHIl:
cHCTeMa uBeTOB K3C (B yCTaHOBxe UBeTHOrO TejieBHAeHHSI CO
cMeHoI3 LBeTOB HO nOJIHM), TaK )Ke KaK H cHCTeMa UBeTOB RGB,
c6aJ1aHCHpOBaHa OTHOCHTeJIbHO uBeTa W. HHbIMH CJIOBaMH, IBeT
W noAyTiaeTCH npH paBHbIX CHrHaJIax, T. e. 3HepreTHYecKoe CO-
OTHouieHHe UBeTOB K, 3 H C AJI51 uBeTa W MO)KHO 3anlca'1'b
EB :E3:EC=1:1:1.
3HaH 3HepreTH'-Iecxoe H S1pROCTHOe COOTHOIIIeHH 1 UBeTOB AJI1
OAHOFO uBeTa CMeCH (HanpHMep, W) H HpKOCTHOe COOTHOIIIeHHe
3THX )Ke 1BeTOB AJIH Apyroro uBeTa CMeCH (HanpHMep, R), MO)KHO
Or[peaeJIHTb AJflT nociieAHero COOTHOIIIeHHe BHepreTHMeCKoe:
W W W
CREC 3RE3 KREK
ER:ER:ER=
c? 3? K c w K
W W W
Tor,aa aim uBeTa R H3 ypaBHeHHK (7) noJly~iHM
CR : 3R : KR=-0,023:1:3,680;
ER: E3: E;= -0,023 : 1 : 3,680 =-0 198:1 :9,780.
0,118 0,377
AHaJIorH'-iHO Haxo,LHM
CG : 3G : KG= -0,014: 1 : (-0,029);
EG : EG : Eh = -0,122: 1 : (-0,077);
CB : 3B : KB=7,590: (-1) :0,310;
EB : E3 : EK=64,3: (-1) : 0,823.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
HaIiJ eHHble 3HepreTHilecRHe CooTHOIUeHHH MO)KHO nepenncaTb
B BHAe
ER= -0,019EC + 0,094E3 -{- 0,925EK;
EG=-0,152EC+ 1,247E3-0,095EK; (8)
EB = 1, 003EC - 0, 0 1 6E3 + 0,013EK.
I-loc.ieJ HHe BbIpa)KeHHH (8) H 6yJyT HBJIHTbCH ypaBHeHHHMH
nepecTieTa CHI'HaJIOB H3 CHCTeMbI C OCHOBHbIMH uBeTaMH K, 3, C
B CHCTeMy C OCHOBHbIMH UBeTaMH R, G, B.
B 3TOM CJiytIae HCKa)KeHHH IIBeTOB 3a CLIeT Cpe3aHH51 OTpHua-
TeJIbHbIX BeTBet3 XapaKTepHCTHK nepeAaloIuef CTOpOHbI OCTa1OTCH
H,. KpoMe TOrO, HecKOJIbKO yMeHbinaeTCH KOJIHYeCTBO UBeTOB, K0-
TOpble MOrYT 6bITb BocnpOH3BeaeHbI Ha IIpHeMHOM yCTpOi CTBe.
III. AaTgHKH OJ[HOBpeMeHHbIX CHCHaJJOB
B KaTieCTBe jjaTTIHKOB OAHOBpeMeHHbIX cHrHaJ10B, B 3aBHCHMOCTH
OT Ha3HageHHH annapaTypbI, MOTYT cJIyK(HTb:
1) TeJIeBH3HOHHaH KaMepa C TpeMH nepellaloujnMH Tpy6KaMH-
jIJIH CTy1IHfiHbIX nepe,aTi;
2) TeJIeKHHOnpoeKTOp c 6eryn1HM JIyTIOM-JjJIH KliHonepeaav;
3) annapaTypa TeJIeBH3HOHHOII CHCTeMbI Co CMeHOf4 IIBeTOB no
rIOJIHM COBMeCTHO C yCTpOI3CTBOM nepe3anncH-,aJtH nepeaatt o60HX
THROB;
4) HCnbITaTeJIbHbIII reHepaTOp, j[aIOHjHI%I, CTBIiaapTHble CHrHa.IbI
H CJIy)Ka1UHI3 j[JIH npoaepKH TOT{HOCTH pa60TbI BCef4 yCTaHOBKH.
AJHI nepBbIX 1IBYX THROB aaTtIHKOB B KageCTBe XapaKTepHCTHK
nepejlaIOHjei CTOpOHbI MO)KHO npHHHTb HOBble" KpHBble y1AeJIbnbIX
KOMnOHeHTOB x,(X), y. (X) H z. (X) (cM. pnc. 5). 0 npeHMymeCTBe
TaKHX XapaKTepHCTHK 6bI110 CKa3aHO Bblme. I-IpHHBB onpeaeneHHble
XapaKTepHCTHKH nepellaloujeu CTOpOHbI, MO)KHO paCCT1HTaTb Tpe-
6yeMble CneKTpaJIbHble XapaKTepHCTHKH OTJ1,eJIbHbIX 9JIeMeHTOB:
cBeTO4)HJIbTpOB, (kOTOKaTO,TIOB H T. A. rlpH BTOM, BCJIe11;CTBHe pa3-
JIHLIHB CneKTpa.IbHOrO cOCTaBa. H3JIyTIeHHH oCBeTHTe.Ieii, XapaKTe-
. pHCTHKH CBeTO4)HJIbTpOB AJIH CTyjIHNHOII KaMepbI II a.UH TeJIeKH-
HOnpOeKTOpa Jaa)Ke npH OjIHHaKOBbIX XapaKTepHCTHKaX (JOTOKaTOi1OI3
OKa3bIBaIOTC9 pa3JIHgHbIMH.
Cmyduuxau xa. epa c mpe.-ISSZ nepedalocquMu mpy6ica,siu
CxeMa cBeToaeJIeHHB npHBe,aeHa Ha pHC. 7. Ha 3TOH cxeMe
0-o6'beKTHB KaMepbI, 31 H 32-3epKaJla, nPOH3BOZIHH.IHe CBeTO-
Ae.neHHe (MOryT 6bITb HCnOJIb3oBaHbI JIH60 nonynpo3paTuHble 3ep-
KaJIa, JIH6o HHTep#peHIjHOxxble CBeTo1IeJIHTeJIH); 33 H 34-Henpo-
3patlHble 3epxaJla; (PI, (D2, cI3-CBeTO(mH.nbTpbl; T1, T2, T3-nepe-
JjalolllHe Te.IeBI33HOHHble Tpy6KH.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
3epKaJIa 33 H 3, CJiy)KaT JI,JIH H3MeHeHHSI HanpaBJIeHHH cBeTO-
.BbIX ny'IKOB, HX crIeKTpaJlbHble XapaKTepHCTHKH J.lOJIHSHbi 6bITb
HefrrpaJIbHbIMH, T. e. p33(),)=p3=const H p34(X)=p4=const. EcJIH
npe;(noJIO)KHTb, LITO CBeToJ[eJIeHHe npOH3BOAHTCH noJiynpo3pati-
HbIMH HeI%ITpaJIbHbIMH 3epKaJIaMH, TO T31 (X)=T1=const, p3I (X)=
=p1=const, T32 OX) =T_,=const H P32 0.)=p2=const.
(fi3).tP3ni=K3z,1).. J
,L .1IH paccMaTpHBaeMoro cnyuaH nonytiaeTCH
?HHI$ THna
Teat 1).i = /K1 XHXi; I
fi2ai `2),i = `\ 2 ykai
k,
k?
k,
k""P1P4
i=1,2,3,...,n..
(9)
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
B ypaBHeHHAX (9) npHH51TO:
T=T (~~ H P=p (X)-KO9("HuHeHTbI nponycKaHHA H K0 44HUH-
eHTbI OTpa)KeHH 3 3ePKaJI 31, 32, 33, 34 H
CBeTO(JHJIbTpOB;
z=z(X)-cneKTpaJIbH,951 LIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTb (pOTOKaTO-
AOB;
k1, Y, k", k"-KOS44HI[HeHTbI npOnOpUHOHaJIbHOCTH.
3aAaBa 1cb CneKTpaJIbHbIMH XapaKTePHCTHKaMH 43oTOKaTO1[OB (pe.
aJIbHbIX), MO)KHO paCCLIHTbIB1Tb Tpe6yeMbie XapaKTepHCTHKH CBe?
T04)HJIbTPOB.
'Y0
100
T?
r,PaPI
500 600
PHC. 8
OTHOlueHHe Ko344HuHeHTOB K1, K2 H K3 onpeae.IIHeT npH 3!
AaHHbIX BejinLIIIHaX LIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH (1OTOKaTOAOB OTHOCHTeJII
Hble MaCAITa6bI KPHBbIX To 0.). OAHaKO B OAHOBpeMeHHO13 cHCTeb
HeT Heo6xoRHMOCTH BblReP)KHBaTb TOLIHOe COOTHOIIIeHHe BbIC(
MaKCHMyMOB CneKTpaJIbHbIX xapaKTepHCTHK cBeTO4)HJIbTpOB, Ti
KaK B 3TOM ciyuae HenpaBHJlbnoe cOOTHOHIeHHe 43OTOTOKI
MO)KeT 6bITb HcHpaBJIeHO nyTeM AOnOJIHHTeJIbHOf4 yCTaHOBKH He
TpaJIbHbIX CBeTO(lMbTpoB.
Tpe6yeMble cneKTpaJlbHble XapaKTepHCTHKH CBeTO(jHJIbTpOB A.
CTyAHI'IHOA TeJIeBH3HOHHO13 KaMepbI C TpeMH nepeljaIOILZHMH TPy
KaMH C BHCMYTOBbIMH (~OTOKaTO1(aMH nPH npHMeHeHHH no.iynpc
paqHbIX 3epKaJl npHBeAeHbI Ha pHC. 8. MacmTa6 JiIO6oh H3.Kp
BbIX MO)KeT 6bITb H3MeHeH yMHO)KeHHeM Bcex ee OpAHHaT na n
CTO IHHbIfi MHO%HTeJIb.
OAHaRo paCCMOTpeHHbIII CJIygaiI CBeTOI,eJIeHH51 HBJIACTCSI 3H(
reTHqecKH HeBbIrO[HbIM BCJIeACTBHe 6oJIbmHX nOTepb JIyqHCT
9HeprHH.
Fopa3Ao 6o.lee Bblr'O.jHbIM 5IBJH3CTC51 BapHaHT CBeTOjeJIHTeJ
HOro YCTPOI3CTBa C HHTep(pepeHUHOHHbIMH CBeTOAeJIHTeJIHMH [A. 2
B 3TOM cJlytiae npH pacqeTe Heo6xoJ HMO onpeAeJiHTb Tpe6yeM
CneKTpaJIbHble XapalTepHCTHKH cBeToaeJIHTeJIbHbIX 3ep}aJi.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
L4T06bI
nOJIy'IHTb Ma}CHMaJIbHbIc BbIHrpbIIII OT HPHMeHeHHH CBe-
TorAa
3epKaJl, )KeJIaTeJIbHO 060IiTHCb 6e3 CBeTO4)HJIbTpOB.
ypaBHeHnH (9) MO)KHO nepenHcaTb CJIeAyIOI HM 06pa3oM:
T31XI P32ai `1 Xi - K 1 xH).i'
T3 Iai T32).i E2a6 K2YH),i'
P31ai a3ai = K3zH).i'
i=1,2,3,...,n;
k,
K1= k,T
?lP3
k,
K2-k"T
' k,
K3- kmTr3P4
ECJIH npene6peYb norJlouJ.euHeM JIy -IHCTOII 9HeprHH CBeToJ eJIn-
'eJIbHbIMH 3epKaJIaMH (B peaJIbHbIX 3epKaJiax KO31XIJI I.LHeHT norJio-
IjeHHA COCTaBJIneT npHMepHO 1%), TO Ko30HuHeHT nponycxa-
iHA Ka>KAOrO 3epKaJla MO)KeT 6bITb BbIpa)KeH lepe3 KOB("iiuneHT
iTpa)KeHHc1, T. e.
T31 0X)-1-P31 (i`J,
T32 (X) = 1 -P32 (X)
TorAa nocjieAHHe ypaBHeHHSI npHMyT BuA:
JJ _ I
(1 - P31).i) P32ai ' l Xi - ^ 1 XHai'
(1 -P31 X!) (1- P32Xi) C2),[ K2YH),L'
P31;,i `3ni 3H),i*
(10)
ECJIH 3aMaTbCB CneKTpaJIbHOII 4y BCTBHTeJlbHOCTbIo nepe,aalou{Hx
py6oK, TO noilytiaeM AJIA Ka)KAOf4 aJIHHbI BOJIHbI A CHCTeMy H3
pex ypaBHeHH13 C aByMH HeH3BeCTHbIMH (P31),i Ii P32Xi). AJIA o6e-
Ie,geHHH COBMeCTHOCTH ypaBHeHnII (10) Heo6xo,unMO BBecTH B
?H11 H3 KaHaJ10B KoppeKTHpyIOwHf CBeTO(pnJIbTp. O,4HaKo npH
'OM HMeeTCH BO3MO)KHOCTb BapbHPOBBTb CneKTpaJIbHble XapaKTe-
3CTHKH OTAeJIbHbIX BJIeMeHTOB CBeTOAeJIHTeJIbHOro yCTPOI1CTBa.
aK, HanpHMep, MO)KHO H3 nepBblX 21,ByX ypaBHeHH13 onpe,eJIHTb
)e6yeMble KpHBble P31 (X) H P32(X). TorAa AJi i o6ecneueHH I HpaBHJIb-
)FO CBeTOAeJieHHH nOTpe6yeTCH KoppeKTHpyIoII.LH13 CBeTO4)HJIbTp (Pg,
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
3HatieHHe opJ1HHaT cneKTpaJIbHON xapaKTepncTHKH KOTOporo Mo)KeT
6bITb onpej[e.aeHO H3 BbIpa)KeHH1
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P31),ig3ai
k1
K3 k,,,P,
AHaJIOrHLIHbIM cnocO6oM MON{HO onpeAeJiHTb Tpe6yeMble cneKTparzb-
Hble XapaKTepHCTHKH KOppeKTHpyK)n.IHX CBeTO(fHJIbTpOB 0Z HJIH
(1, eCJIH 3HageHHH P31 (X) H P3: (X) HaflTH H3 nepBOrO H TpeTbero
IIJ1H BTOpOrO H TpeTberO ypaBHeHHFI COOTBeTCTBeHHO.
CJIeAOBaTeJIbHO, npH npHMeHeHHH CTyfl$ HON TeJleBH3HOHHOfi
KaMepbl C TpeMA nepeAaIOIg4MH Tpy6KaMH (eCJIH 3aAaTbC I peaJlb-
HbIMH CneKTpaJIbHbIMH XapaKTepHCTHKaMH (1JOTOKaTOAOB) Mb1 06H-
3aTeJIbHO, XOTH 6bI B OAHOM H3 Tpex CBeTOBbIX KaHaJIOB, AOJI)KHU
HMeTb KOppeKTHpyIOIunI-l CBeTO(IHJIbTp.
TeAexuuonpoeKinop c 6ezyu uM .zy'o.
CxeMa cBeTOAeJIeHH5l np1Beaexa Ha pHC. 9. Ha cxeMe o6o-
3HageHO: ./7-npoeKUHOHHaSI 3JIeKTpOHHOJIy'-IeBa5 Tpy6Ka; i.9Y1,
03Y2 H 0'9y3-4JOTo3JIeKTpHLIecmHe yMHO)KHTeJIH; OCTaJIbHble o6(
3HalIeHHH Te )Ke, 'iTO H Ha pHC. 7.
IZpH BbIBOAe paCgeTHbIX (OpMyJI AJIA 3TOro CJIyqaH cneAye
yYeCTb, KTO nepeaaBaeMbIfk KHHOKBAp ocaeiuaeTCH CBeTOM BKpaii
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO45700380001-3
npOeKLLHOHHOFI Tpy6KH, FIMeloIUHM CneKTpaJIbHyIO XapaKTepHCTHKy,
Bblpa)KaloIuyIoc I KpHHOit P, (X). B TO )Ke BpeMR H3BeCTHO, qTO
OHTHMaJIbHOe BOCnpOH3BeAeHHe ABeTOB B KFIHO(JHJIbMe o6ecnegH-
BaeTC5i npH yCTaHOBJC B KHHOnpOeKTOpe HCTOLIHHKa CBeTa c u e-
TOBOIi TeMnepaTypO i nopAJjKa 5000? K.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, npH pacLieTe XapaKTepHCTHK CBeTOClHJIbTpOB
HeO6XOAHMO H3MeHHTb 3TH XapaKTepHCTHKH TaK, 4T06bI cRoppeK-
"1'HpOBaTb YCTaHOBKy HCTO4HHKa CBeTa C HeOHTHMaJIbHbIM CneK-
TpaJIbHbIM COCTaBOM H3JIyLIeHH$I.
CneKTpaJlbHbie XapaKTepHCTHKH 3epKaJl 33 H 34 aOJI)KHbi 6bITb
FIefkTpaJIbHbIMH, T. e. p33(X)=p3=const Ii p34(X)=p4=const. 3ep-
Kaiia 31 H 32 MOryT 6bITb KaK nOJIynp03pa4HbIMH [TOraa p31 (X) _
=pl=const; T,1 ().)=T1=const; P32 (X)=P2=const; T32 (X)=T2=const],
TaK H CBeTOAeJIHTeJIbHbIMH. TaK KaK npH KOHCTpyHpOBaHHH TeJIe-
AHanpoeKTOpa H 0CO6eHHO TeJIeKHHonpoeKTOpa c 6eryutHM JIy 1OM
BOnpOC CBeTOBOti qyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH HMeeT pemaiouzee 3HatieHHe,
TO COBepiIIeHHO olieBHAHO, 'ITO npH pac'ieTe CBeT0AeJIHTeAbH0rO
yCTpol CTBa c.neiyeT opHeHTFIpOBaTbCH Ha npHMeHeHHe B KatieCTBe
3epKaJF 31 H 32 HHTep(pepeHluHOHHbIX CBeTOAeJIHTeJIeii. He06XOJ(HMO
OTMeTHTb, 4T0 npH 3TOM 3epKaiia 31 H 32 AOJI)KFibI 6bITb noMen(eHbi
B napafuleJIbHOM ny'Ke .ny'ef4, TaK KaK CneKTpaJlbHbie XapaKTe-
pHCTHKH HHTep(pepeHL(HOHHbIX. CBeTOAe.IHTeJIeN CHJIbHO 3aBHCHT OT
yr.ia naaeHHH caeTOBbIX JIy'Iei1.
IIpH npHMeHeHHH CBeTOAeJInTeJIbHbIX 3epKaii )KeJIaTeJIbHO o6oht-
TIICb 6e3 KOppeKTHpyIOLLLHX -CBeTO4)HJIbTpOB, T. e. AOJI)KHo 6bITb
T?3 (X) = Trji2 (X) _ Ir03 (X) =1.
ECJIH ytleC'rb, LITO aJISI HHTep(jepeH4HOHHbIX CBeTOJjeJIHTeJIeiI MO)KHO
npHHBTb
T31=1-P31 H T32=1--P32,
TO fOJIy'IHM n cHCTeM ypaBHeHHI3 THna
P,Q" (1 P31Xi) P32xi 31X1_KI xH
P5000Xj
Peal ai >.l 2~i ne
(1 ~P31 )(1 -P32 ~~ _K2 YH..,
PS000Xi
P4)1 m-
P3I),i `3)i K3 ZH).i,
Psaro),i
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
P5000=P5000 (X)--cnecTpanbxoe pacnpeaeneHHe 3HeprHH H3Jly_.
geHHR a6COJIIOTHO 4epHOro TeJIa npH TeMne-
paType 5000?K;
P,,=P? ().)-cnewrpanbHoe pacnpeneneHHe sHeprHH H3JIy-
TIeHH34 JIIOMHHO(JOpa.
P11 (A)
11 Nil
500 600 700MMx
PHc. 10
B CHCTeMe ypaBHeHHN (11) H3BeCTHbIMH 51BJIHIOTC51 XapaKTe-
pHCTHKH zk (X) H P5000 (X)? ECJIH 3a1[aTbCR peaJlbHbIMH
CneKTpaJIbHbIMH XapaKTepHCTHKaMH (OTOKaTOJ(OB, TO OCTaeTCR On-
6,00 600 j 700MMK
pe,aeJIHTb 'BeJIHTIHHbI P31(X), P32 (X) H P4 (X), T. e. HMeeM B 3TOM
cnyLIae aim Ka?KJ[OrO 3HaLIeHHH Al CHCTeMy H3 TpeX ypaBHeHH11
C TpeMR HeH3BeCTHbIMH. TaKHe CHCTeMbI ypaBHeHHII pemaloTCR
0JLHO3HaT4HO, H, CneJ(OBaTeJIbHO, B 3TOM CnyTaae B pe3ynbTaTe pa-
clieTa MbM nonyTqaeM CneKTpanbHble Xapa}TepFCTHKH OTJ(enbHbJX 3ne-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
IeHTOB, o6ecne4HBaIOIuHe onTHMaJlbHblH C BHepreTH4eCKOf3 T04KH
peHHH BapHaHT CBeToaeJIeHHR. EciiH HPH pac4eTe nOJIO)KHTb, 4TO
pay HMeIOT BHCMyTO-ue3HeBble 4JOTOKaTOAbl, TO H34y4eHHe JIIO
IHHo(popa P? (X) AOJI)KHO HMeTb pacnpeueJleHHe no cneiTpY, COOT-
teTCTByIoiuee KpHBOH pHC. 10, a Ko3(p(pHUHeHTbI OTpa)KeHHH CBe-
'OAeJIHTeJIbHbIX 3epKaJl-KPHBbIM pHC. 11. npH JII060M OTCTynJIeHHH
)eaJlbHbIX XapaKTepHCTHK OT pacLIeTHbIX nOTpe6yeTCH BBeaeHHe
:oppeKTHpyK)n.[HX CBeTo(pIIJIbTPOB, LITO 6e3yCJIOBHO BbI30BeT yMeHb-
ileHHe 4yBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH AaTgHKa.
IV. SIpKOCTHbdH H pa3HOCTHble CHrHajjbI
AJIH Toro 4To6bI o6ecne4HTb yCJIOBHe COBMeCTHMOCTH, B KaHaJIe'
BH3H Heo6Xo,LHMO HMeTb CHrHaJI, COOTBeTCTByK I.Lum HPKOCTH BOC-
IpOH3BOAHMOrO I. BeTa. TaKOH CH-Hail zLoji)KeH cyIueCTBOBaTb OAHO-
tpeMeHHO C AByMH APYFHMH, B COBOKynHOCTH C HHMH nOJIHOCTbIO
InpeaeJIHTb uBeT H B TO )Ke BpeMH HBJIHTbCH He3aBHCHMbIM OT'
IHX, Tax Kam, 6yAy';H nPHHHT Ha npHeMHble- yC-TpOHCTBa 4epHO-
)eJiorO TeJIeBHAeHHH, OH RoJI)KeH o6ecne4HTb H3o6pa)Kexxe uBeT-
IOI'O 06'beKTa B HpKOCTHblx rpaLLauHHx.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, B KaHaile CB5I3H 143 Tpex CnrHaJIOB, onpeae
IHIOII(HX uBeT, OAHH AOJI)KeH 6bITb nponopUHOHaJIeH 51PKOCTH H
le 3aBHceTb OT 1BeTHOCTH, a ABa apyrHX-XapaKTepH30BaTb uBeT-
IOCTb.
C apyrOH CTOpOHbI, uBeT Ha BHAeOKOHTpOJIbHOM yCTpOHCTBe
[BeTHoro TeJIeBHA,eHHH BOCHPOH3BOA14TCH 3a c leT CyMMHpOBaHHH
t KaKHX-To KOJIH4eCTBax OCHOBHbIX UBeTOB. 1109TOMY CHrHaJIbI,.
IOABOAHMble K npHeMHOMy yCTpOHCTBY, AOJI)KHbI 6bITb nponop-
wOHaJIbHbI BeJI44HHaM R, G H B.
CJIeJ oBaTeJIbHO, B TeJIeBH3HOHHOM TpaKTe ROJI)KHbl HMeTbCH cne-
[IiaJlbHble nepecgeTHble cxeMbi, ocyIueCTBJI51K)n1,He CB513b Mex(Ay
)6enMH TpHaAaMH KOJIOpHMeTpH4eCKHx napaMeTpOB.
JIH onpeaeJIeHHH ypaBHeHHH nepec'eTa HeO6X0AHMO npOH3-
lecTH npeo6pa3oBaHHe OCHOBHbIX KOJIOp1iMeTpH4eCKHX ypaaHe
IHH [J1. 1,2,3]. B pe3yJlbTaTe MOxceT 6blTb noJIy4eHa CHCTeMa
JpaBHeHHH, onpeaeJIHIOIua% JIIO60H uBeT (X, Y, Z) B CYCTeM
COOpAHHaT, nOCTpOeHHOH Ha OCHOBHbIX uBeTax R- Y, ~ 14 Y.
)TH ypaBHeHHH HMeIOT BHA:
R-Y=1,712 (X-0,99Y)-0,260 (Z-0,85Y);
B- Y=0,082 (X-0,99Y) + 1,280 (Z-0,85Y); (12).
Y=0,334R + 0,585G + 0,081B. .
CHrHaJI, nponopUHOHaJIbHbJH BeJIH4HHe Y AJIH .iuoSoro uBeTa,.
)npeAeJIHT HpKOCTb 3TOFO UBeTa. CJieaoBaTeJIbHO, OT TO'HOCTH
iOJIy4eHHH B nepeC4eTHbIX CXeMaX H nepeJI,atIH B KaHaJie CB513H
ipKOCTHOrO clirxaJla 3aBHCHT npaBHJIbHOCTb BOCnpoH3BeAeHHH n0-
IyTOHOB B H3o6pa)KeuHH.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
gpKOCTHbIA CHrHaJI B COOTBeTCTBHH C ypaBHeHHHMH (12) onpe
.ueJIHeTCH Bblpa)KeHHeM:
Ey=0,334ER + 0,585EG + 0,081EB.. 13'
Tax Kax I[BeT onpeaeJHieTCH TpHaJ1oII cHrHaJIOB, nponopuHo
HaJIbHbIx Be.IHLIHHaM Y, R-Y H 'B-Y
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a
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PFIC. 12
Be.IHLIHHbI E,,, HPOBOpUHOHa.IbFIO AOJI)KHbI H3MeHHTbCH Be.IHYHHbj
ER-Ey H EB-Ey. 1103TOMy B 1aAbHef uieM MO)KHO paccMaTpn-
BaTb BeJIHgHHbI pa3HOCTHbIX CHrHaJIOB, OTHeceHHbIX K eAHHHue
HPKOCTH, HJIH, 'ITO TO )Ke, OTHOIIIeHHH R-Y H B-Y
Tax KaK BeJIHgHHbI K Y I H BYY
HBJIHIOTCH IIapaMeTpaMH, On-
peAeJIHIOIuHMH LBeTHOCTb BOCnpoH3BOAHMOrO uBeTa (HpKOCTb ero
OnpeAeJIHeTCH ueJIHKOM HPKOCTHb,IM CHrHaJIOM), TO B IJIOCKOCTH
uBeTOBOrO rpa(kHKa MKO (X, V) MO)KHO HaHeCTH KOOp,gHHaTHyIO
?CeTKy B KOOpAHHaTax RYY H BY Y
(pnc. 12), n038orlHloulylo t[JIH
Ka>xAoro uBeTa C KOOPAHHaTaMH x, y oHpeAeJIHTb ero KOOpJ1HHaTbI
-B CHCTeMe YY H BYY
R
113 pxc. 12 cJleAyeT, qTO ecJIH HH(pop=
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
AIauHH O LBeTHOCTH BocnpoH3BOAHMoro uBeTa nepeAaeTcH CHrHa'
.%IaMH, npOHOpuHOHaJIbHbIMH xoJlopHMeTpH1IecKHM napaMeTpaM R-Y'
H B-Y, TO B CJIyLIae, KorAa cHrHaJI, nponOpuHOHaJIbHbIH BeJIH-
'IHHe R-Y, paBeH HyJIIO, Ha 3KpaHe npHeMHoro yCTpOHCTBa 6yAyT
(B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT BeJIHTIHHbI BTOpOro CHrHaJIa) BOCnpO113BOAHTbCH
1jBeTa, JIe?I(aLue B rIJIOCKOCTH UBeTOBOro rpa(pHKa Ha npRMo ,
npoxoJ!HnjeH tlepe3 TOMKH -C KOOpAHHaTaMH x=0,130; y=0 H x=
=0,348; y=0,352.
ECJIH we OTCyTCTByeT CHI'HaJI, npOnOpuHOHaJIbnbIH B-Y, T. e.
B-Y=O, TO BOCnpOH3BOAHMble uBeTa 6yAyT Jle>KaTb Ha npH-
Moi3, npoxoAHluei nepe3 TOIIKH x=1,070; y=0 H x=0,348;
v=0,352.
B CJiyLiae npncyTcTBHH B xaHaile CBH3H o6oHx cHFHaJIOB MO-
'weT 6bITb BocnpoH3BeAeH JIIO60f uBeT, JIe)KanjHH B npeaeJIIx Tpe-
yrOJIbHHKa RGB.
ECJIH MbI XOTHM B TeJIeBH3HOHHOM KaHaJIe CB93H nepejl,aTb OA-
uOBpeMeHHO aBe HH4JOpMauHH (R-Y H B-Y) Ha OAHOH Hecy-
njeri gaCTOTe, TO CAeJIaTb 3TO MO)KHO nocpeACTBOM KBaapaTypHOH
MOAyJI511HII Hecyluel. B TOM cnyqae MO)KHO npeACTaBHTb ce6e
CHI'HaJIbI, npOnOpUHOHaJIbHble BeJIHLIHHaM R-Y H B-Y, KaK aBa
B3aHMHO nepneHAHKyJIHpHbIX BeKTOpa, onpeAeJIHTb HX reOMeTpH-
4iecKylo CyMMY H CgHTaTb, IqTO UBeTOBa 1 HecyvjaI no aMnJIHTyae
MO.gy.lHpyeTCH BeJIHIIHHOH pe3yJlbTHpyIO1jero BeKTOpa, a no (Ja3e-
yFJIOM BTOro we BeKTOpa OTHOCHTeJIbHO JIIO6Oro HOCTOHHHOrO, Bbl-
bpaHHorO 3apaxee HanpasneHHH.
Mo)KHo nepece4b UBeTOBoe TeJIO nJIOCROCTbIO, B I(oTOporl na-
paJIJIeJlbHble npRMble R YY =const oxa%yTCH nepneHAHKyJIHpHbIMH
napaJIJleJibxbIM npHMbIM B -Y =const. B TaxoH nJIOCKOCTH Hauano
KOOpAHHaT OKa)KeTCH B TOiIKe paBHOCHrHaJIbHOrO UBeTa W Y
R- Y
=0 n B YY =0I H Ka)KA.bIH uBeT MO)KeT 6bITb Bblpa)KeH KaK pe-
3yJIbTHpyK)njHri BeKTOp, nOCTpOeHHbIN Ha COOTBeTCTBYIOULHX BeK-
?ropax R Y H B -Y . ECJIH HpHHHTb 3a OCHOBHoe HanpaBJleHHe,
y Y
OTHOCHTeJIbHO KOTOporo 6yuyT B AaJIbHei u1eM onpeaeJIHTbCH Bce
yrJlbl, HanpaBJleHHe, HanpHM.ep, coBna,aloluee c HanpaBJleHHeM
BeKTOpa B yY ( npH R YY =0) , TO JIIO6OH uBeT B TaKOK nJIOCKOCTH
MCxceT 6bITb onpeAeJleH AJIHHOH H yrJIOM // I OTHOCHTeJIbHO OCH BYY I
pe3yJlbTHpyioiuerO BeKTOpa.
TaK KaK onpe.eJlenne uBeTa B Bb16paHHOR HaMH nJIOCKOCTH
COOTBeTCTByeT nepeAatie B KanaJle CB513H Ha oAHOH Hecynjei ua-
CTOTe CHrHaJ10B, npOnopuHOHaJIbHbIX BeJIH4IHHBM R-Y H B-Y
(npH KBaApaTypHOa MOAyJIHuHH), Ha3OBeM aJIHHY BeKTOpa uBeTa
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
aMnJIHTyAOH, a yroa, o6pa3yeMb1K HM C OCb10 B-Y
Y >-(pa3oK pe-
3yJibTHpyloLL ero BeKTOpa.
BocnOJIb3OBaBH1HCb rpa()HKoM pHC. 12, MO)eKTHBa, onpe,,eJIxeM npaBHJIbHOCTb CoBMeiueHHA 060HX nepe-
.peCTHII Ha naTpy6Ke Tpy6xoaep)KaTeJif c nepexpeCTHeM Ha 3pH-
CeJIbHOM 3KpaHe. IIepeKpeCTHe Ha 3PHTeJIbHOM 3KpaHe 1[eJIaeTCA
IpH HOMOHJH HHTOK HJIH InnaraTa, H OTAHyTbIX H3 npOTHBOHOJIO)K-
iblX yrJIOB 3xpaHa. fpOH3BOAA COOTBeTCTByK)LuHe pa3BOPOTbI
copnyca BCero 06'beKTHBa B rOpH3OHTaJIbHOI3 nJIOCKOCTH H
IOJIb3y1Cb goMKpaTOM ?AJIA nepeMeiueHHI3 B BepTHKaJIbHOI3 . nJIO-
IKOCTH, 1)?1,06HBaeMCH COBMeLeHHA yKa3aHHbIX TpeX nepexpeCTHR.
3bIIIOJIHeHHe 3TOrO yCJIOBHH H AaCT HaM npaBHJIbHOe B3aHM HOe
)aCnoJIO)KeHHe npo2KIHOHHOI'O 06'beKTHBa OTHOCHTeJIbHO 3pHTeJIb-
)oro sxpana.
OAHaKO 3pHTeJIbHbIII 3KpaH B TeJIeBH1[eHHH AOJI)KeH HMeT.b Ta-
:yH) XapaKTepHCTHKy HanpaBJIeHHOCTH, KOTOpaA OXBaTbIBaJIa 6bi
OJIbKO McCTa pa3MeMeHHA 3pHTeJIef4, T. e. o6JIaAaTb HeKOTOpbIM
:o 4 HuHeHTOM yCHJIeHHA. AJIA JIytiiiiero HCnOJIb3oBaHH9 HanpaB-
,eHHbIX CBOIICTB 3KpaHa ero npHXOAHTCH HaKJIOHHTb B CTOPOHY
pHTeJiefi. IIO 3TOII npn }IHe, a TaK)Ke H3-3a MaJioro yBeJIHTIeHHH
3o6pa)KeHHH, KOTOp0e B03MO)KHO B TeJIeBHAeHHH, 3pHTeJIbHbIf1
KpaH o6pa3yeT C OCbIO 06'beKTHBa yroJi, HeCKOJIbKO OTJIHTIHblfI
T 90'. H09TOMy, eCJIH BJIO)KHTb HMHTaTOp C HCnbITaTeJIbHOII
a6JimueH B naTpy6ox IOCTHpOBaHHOI'O OHHCaHHbIM CH00060M 06-beK-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO45700380001-3
THBa,, TO nOJIycHTb pe3KOr0 H306paxceHHH no BCeMy 9KpaHy He-
BO3MO)KHO.
i-1T06bI nOJIygHTb pe3Koe 11306paweHHe no BCeMy 3pHTe./TbHOMy
3KpaHy, He06XOAHMO BHHTOM 9 (CM. pHC. 4) HaKJIOHHTb naTpy60K
C HMHTaTOpOM TaK, YT06bI BepXHHI3 Kpag KaApa npH6JIH3HJIC9
K ac(gepHTIeci 1 HMeeT McCTO yBe-
JIHLIeHHe KOHTpaCTOB, TeM 60Jlbiuee, YeM 6oJIbIIIe y H McHbnIe K,;
npH 7 < I KOHTpaCTbl Ha BbIXO,L e yMeHbnIaTCH, IIpH'IeM HMeeT
McCTO aHaJIOrHTIHaH 3aBHCHMOCTb OT KI H 06paTHaH OTT (CM. PHc. 2).
HBKOHeu, CneayeT OTMeTHTb, qTO C H3BeCTHbIM npH6JiHxKe aBYMSI OTpe3KaMH nPSIMbIX. 3TO cylgeCTBeHHo
Aim cJiyqaeB, KorAa aHana3OH ?H3MeHeHH51 KOHTpaCTOB orpaHHLIeH
C TOR HJIH HHOi1 CTOpOHbI. HalipHMep, npH TeJIeBH3HOHHOM BOC-
npOH3BeAeHHH qepTe]KeI-I B clox{eTe nepeaaqH OTCYTCTByIOT, Ka}
npaBHJio, MaJIble KOHTpaCTbI, npH HaJIHgHH 6oJIbIIIOH nOCTOpOHHe1;
3aCBeTKn Clo?KeT nepeaagH He COgep?KHT 60JIbIIIHX KOHTpaCTOB.
H3JIo?KeHHoe nol{a3bIBaeT HeAOCTaTOtlHOCTb HPHHHTOl3 oueHKF.
KaqeCTBa H3o6pa]KeHHH no LIHCJIy nepeAaBaeMbIX rpaAauHA H nOA'
TBepx{AaeT HeO6xoJHMOCTb aHaJJH3a xapaKTepHCTHK nepeAagH KOHT'
paCTa. XapaKTepHCTHKH nepeaagH, annpOKCHMHpyeMble CTeneH?
HbIMH IIJyHKUHRMH, r103BOJIHIOT 6e3 HcRax{eHH13 nepeAaTb rpaAa
UHOHHbI11 KJIHH C nOCTORHHbIM H3MeHeHHeM KOHTpaCTa Mea{A)
OTAeJIbHbIMH CTyneHRMH KJIHHa, HO BHOCRT cylueCTBeHHble HCKa%e
HHR B pacnpeAe.ieHHe CBeTOTeHe13 npH nepeAage opHFHHaJIOB, CO
Aepx{aIuHX KOHTpaCTbl, 3HagHTeJlbHO OTJIHga1on1HecH Apyr OT Apyra
2. Obi ee BbipaHCeHHe XapaKTepHCTHKH nepeAa9H
KOHTpaCTOB TeJIeBH3H0HHbIMH CHCTeMaMH
11paKTHqeCKH 7 CHCTeMbI MO}KeT H3MeH5ITIICR B 3HalIHTeJIbHbl;
npeAealax, H xapaKTepHCTHKy nepeAaqH CHCTeMbI He BCerAa Mox{H,
annpOKCHMHpOBaTb CTeneHHOfI ()yHKaHef. BcerAa MO?KHO, oAHaKO
KOHe4Ho, KOHTpaCT Ha BbIXOj[e peaJIbHON CHCTeMbI MO)KeT 6blTb H H
paBeH 1. 3TO BbI3bIBaeTCJ9 TeM, 'ITO peaJlbHas XapaKTepHCTHKa nepejlagH HMee
0rpaHH9eHHbIf jlHana30H, HanpHMep, 3a CaeT OrpaHHqeHHB MaKCHMaJIbHOH IIpIKeHHR 3MHTTef'
PHC. 3. 9KBHBaJ1eHTHaH cxeMa aBTOre- H Ko.IJIeRTOpa )KeCTKO CBH3aH
HepaTOpa nHnoo6pa3Horo ToKa TpaHc(popMaTOpnoi CB513b10.
TOK HeJIHHeI iHOrO aByXIIOJIN
CHHKa paBeH TOKY HaMarHHLIHB.
HHH iN = 1K + n i3, KpyTH3Ha KOTOPOrO onpeae.IReTCR ypaBH-
12
HHeM (2a) H MO)KeT 6bITb Haf LLeHa . H3 aHHaMHLIecKHx XapaKT
PHCTHK aBTOreHepaTOpa, McTOJ1 . IOCTpOeHHH KOTOpbIX H3JIO)KE
HH)Ke.
nOCTpOCHHe AHHaMH4ecKHX XapaKTepHCTHK aBToreHepaTopa
?IJHHaMHgeCKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH a.BTOreHepaTOpa, npeaCTaBJIR'
mme 3aBHCHMOCTH
i3=i3 (us),
1 1
n12 t3- n12 La (uK)
1K-LK (uK),
1N= iN (@K),
MOryT 6bITb nOCTpOeHbI HO HPHBejjeHHbIM Ha pHC..4 CTaTHIIecR:
XapaKTepHCTHKaM TpHOAa, CHRTbIM Am HpHMOrO H o6paTHOrO BKJI
eHHR:
u3-u8 (13, AK)'
uK=uK(L3, W.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
100 80 60 0 2010'13
PHC. 4. CTaTH4eCKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH TpHOAa THua 113A
n) u.=u. (IK, i3) [BTOpasl o6naCTb pa6OTbI Tpnoaa npH uKO, i3O]
d) UK=UK (i9, i,) [BTOpaA 06naCT6o6paTHoro BKJIK)4eHHA TpHOAa 11o6p npH U3O, i30]
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO45700380001-3
43 ceMefICTB xapaKTepHCTHK TpHO,LW H ypaBHeHHH, cBfl3blBalO-
iuero Hanpw}KeHHR Ha xonuleKTOpe H Ha 9MHTTepe
1 (U,, K-EK) + E3-u9=0,
(11)
ZI
Q6
220
Q5
4
0
0
44
6
0
20
?
Q3
f0
QZ
l~t
f0
ii 80
60 too
UK,
PHc. 5. CTaTHUeCKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH Tpno2a THna 113A
U9_U9 (UK' i9); U3=U3(UK, tK)
KO}KHO onpeaeJIHTb TOKH KOJIJIeKTOpa H 3MHTTepa, vepe3 KOTO-
)bie BbIpa}KeH TOK HaMarHHLIHBaHH51, H HO napaMeTpaM. TpHOAa
)npeAeJIHTb KpyTH3Hy Po
JJIH noCTpoeHHH xapaKTepuCTHKreHepaTOpa MO}KHO peKOMeH-
1,OBaTb cJIeaylolunH McTO,L. B CHCTeMe KOOpAHHaT u3, uK HaHO-
;HTCH CTaTHgecKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH. TpHO,7,a npH HOCTO51HHbIX TO-
caX 9MHTTepa, CH ITbie BO Il H 111-1 o61IaCTAX pa6OTbI Tpnoua,
i HaHOCHTCSH XapaKTepHCTHKH npH IOCTOSIHHbIX TOKaX KOJIJIeKTOpa,
'HATbie B TpeTbe$i o6JIaCTH o6paTHoro- BKJIIO'IeHHH TpMozLa-1I16p,
?219
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
KaK noKa3aHO Ha pHc. 5 H 8, 6. OTAeJIbHble XapaKTepHCTHKH TpH
oAa, KOTOpble MOryT 6bITb HCHOJIb3oBaHbl HpH 11OCTp0eHHH xapaK
TepHCTHK reHepaTOpa B II1-1, 111-2 H IIIo6p o6JIaCTHx, HpHBeAeHI
Ha pHc. 6.
B AaHHOM CeMeI3CTBe XapaKTepHCTHK MOJICHO HaHeCTH JIHHHIC
Ha3bJBaeMyJo B AaJIbHeHHIeM JIHHHeI%I CB513H, KOTOpaH XapaKTepY,
3yeT 3aBHCHMOCTb HaHpH?KeHHII Ha 3MHTTepe H KOJIJIeKTOpe, Hpe,n
CTaB.r[eHHylo ypaBHeHHeM (11).
04
of
q2 43 04 0,5 5
PHc. 6. XapaKTepHCTHKH KpHCTaJIJIOTPHOJ[a TH[ia 113A
1) U9-U9 (19. UK=0); 2) u3?u9 (13, UK);
3) u,-u3 (U., 19, lg_O); 4) u9=u9 (uK, 1K, 19=0)
Ito TOYKaM HepecegeHHH JIHHHH CBH3H CO CTaTHYeCKHMH xi!
paKTepHCTHKaMH TpHOAa CTpOHTCSI XapaKTepHCTHKH reHepaTOpa (5'
(6) HpH pa6oTe TpHoAa BO 11 H III-1 o6rlacTHx H xapaICTepHCTHI(
(7) IIpH pa6oTe TpHOJa B TpeTbeI3 o611aCTH o6paTHoro BKJIK)qE
HHH-1I1o6p.
IIO TOT-IKaM XapaKTepHCTHKH (5), HOCTpOeHHbIM B II H 111-1 of
JIaCTHX pa6OTbI TpHOAa, H CTaTHgecKHM XapaKTepHCTHKaM (1C
CTpOHTCH XapaKTepHCTHKa (7). AHa.IorHYHO CTpOHTCH xapaKTepl
CTHKH (5), (6) B IIIo6p o611aCTH pa60TbI TpHoaa no xapaKTepl
CTHKe (7) H CTaTHgeCKHM XapaKTepHCTHKaM (10).
XapaKTepHCTHKH reHepaTOpa B 111-2 o6JIaCTH pa60TbI TpHOA
MOX(HO HOCTpOHTb HO AByM TOgKaM, JIe3KaII,HM Ha rpaHHI e o(
JlacTei IIIo6p c 111-2 H I11-2 c 111-1.
220
5
4
U3
Soo
'~
80
f00
150
2
0
8
0
4
140
150
f80
70
d f
00
120
-
f4a
55
0
g
&0
100
1249
30 O
~~ 0
80
80
m
50
60
0
40
10
f0
ZO
5
5
uK
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
uK
2
Q5
uK=1P LKa3=O)
4
04
3
~
03
02
-
4
3
L
0,1
100
-50
50
f00 Ma
13, n12i3, tK1 tN
r3v
PHC. 8. CTaTH9eCKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH KpHCTa1IJ10TpHo11a THna 112A:
a) uK_UK (6K, i3); 6) u9=u3 (UK, l9)
PHC.'7. AHHaMHRecKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH aBTorenepalopa
npH n12=10, EK= - 3,5 e, E9 = 0
1) J8=13 (UK); 2) 1 19. 1 19 (u.); 3) 1K?lK (11K); 4) 1N '1N (UK)
11,a n?
llk UK (t4'~L3=U)
24
If UI(I
Y
IIue4N 22
BUHUR
C5a3K
13
20
15
12
?
Pdl
-
8
IK
=Q5
I3~Q5
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
'6'
5
uK
3
-0
p 2
11
P
uK_
uK~lK'l3
_01
4
2
0 Y1
-1
0
0
1
0
20 Ma
I
1~ L3;n
i3,
12
3
r
4
EK
w
PHC. 9. UHiiaMH4eCKHe XapaKTepHCTHKii aBTOreHepaTOpa
Hpil n12=10, E,=-4,5 e, Ea=0
1) 1 - 1 (u c); 2) 1 is= 1 i3 CIO; 3) iK-1 (uK); 4) !N-'N (1K)
n12 nW
u3
i
I
1
~ I II
IK -6
/
-3-
~
2
/
1
~
uK
PHC. 10. CTarxiecKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH
KpHCTaJJIAOTpHo1 a THHa ., o'IKa"
U3 _ U3 (UK, i3); U3 = U3 (UK, ix)
0V
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
PHC. 1.1. ,L[HHaMHVecKHe xapaKTe-
pHCTHKH aBTOreHepaTOpa
a-npH n12 = 2, EK = - 2,5e,
E3=0
1) 1 13= 1
1112 l3 (UK); 2) 1K=1K (UK);
3) tN- tN (UK)
6-npH n12 = 2, Eh= - 3 e,
E3=0.
1 1
1) n12 t3? n,, 13r(UK); 2) 1K?1K (UK);
3) iN=1N (UK)
s-npH_n12 = 5, EK = -7e,
E3=0
1) 1 13? I 13 (UK); 2) 1K=1K (UK);
n? n?
3) 1N=1N (UK)
n12=10, EK=-10 e,
E9=0
1) 13?13 (u K); 2) n? 13- n12 t9 (UK);
3) 1K=1K (UK); 4) 1N-1N (UK)
2
uK
2
4
6
8Ma
13; IN; 1N
n
3
1
1
1
-
8-
5-
4-3-2
-l
11K
91
1
2
3Ma
13~1K;f
71
x
C
?"T
2
1
-
9
1
-3
.
2
4
-
6
u 8
I I I
2-1 K O 1 2
3
3;
N
31n
-
12
4 5 6
Z
2
3
-
1
-
2
/
L
Z 1
1
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
IIpH HOCTpoeHHH xapaKTePIICTHKII (5) B I o6JiaCTH pa60TbI TpH-
oAa MO)KHO C4HTBTb
u -EK +Ey, 1K=Ol
E3 ? UK -E, = u.
n12
XapaKTepHCTHKa (7) B I o6JIaCTH pa60TbI 'rpiioAa MO]KeT 6bI'rb
'npHHHTa coBnaRaloIueIi c xapaKTepHcTHKOII CeMeHCTBa (10):
th=tK (UK, i3=0).
XapaKTepHCTHKa TOKa HaMarHHLIHBaHHH (8) MO)KeT 6bITb JlerKo no-
CTpoeHa no HMe10H&HMCSI XapaKTepHCTHKaM (6), (7).
I7puMepbt nocmpoenusi duttaMutteckux xapakmepucniutc
,a;151 HJIJIIOCTpaRHH BbImeH3JI0)KeHHOFO McTOAa nOCTpoeHHSI Ha
pHC. 7 npHBe,eHbI xapaKTepHCTHKH aBTOrexepaTOpa, nOCTpoeHHble
n0 'CTaTHLIecKHM XapaKTepHCTHKaM TpHOJ[a, H306pa)KeHHbIM Ha
pHC. 4 H 5.
,f,HHaMHT-IecKHe xapaKTepHCTHKH aBTOreHepaTOpa, norrpoeHHble
HO CTaTHLIeCKHM XapaKTepHCTHKaM TpHOJ.[a, H3o6pa)KeHHBIM Ila pHC. 8,
npHBe,uexbI Ha pHC. 9.
rlpH nOCTpOeHHH IIPHHHTa KycO4HO-JIHHeiIHa5i annpoKCHMauH2
ceMeIiCTB XapaKTepHCTHK TPHO L u3=u3 (u,, t3) H XapaKTepHCTHK
aBTOreHepaTOpa.
C ueJIbIO HJIJIK)CTpagHH 3aBHCHMOCTH KpYTH3HbI XapaKTepHCTHKH
TOKa HaMarHHtIHBaHHH OT COOTHOHIeHHH Me)KJ[y KO3(I4HILHeHTOM
TpaHc4)opMauHH nl2 H napaMeTpaMH TpHOJ[a, Ha pHC. 11 npeu-
CTaBJIeHbI XapaKTepHCTHKH aBToreHepaTOpa npH pa3JIHLIHbIX pe>KH-
Max, nOCTpoeHHble no CTaTHTlec}nM XapaKTepHCTHKaM TpHOAa, 1130?
6pa)KeHHbIM Ha pnc. 10.
BbIBOAbI
B pe3yJlbTaTe aHaJIH3a HOCTpOeHHbIX J[HHaMHIIecIux XapaKTe
pHCTHK aBTOreHepaTOpa MO)KHO cAejiaTb cjleAyioLuHe BbIBOpbI.
,qJISI 1OJlyileHHSI MaKCHMaJIbHOI'O TOKa HaMarHHgHBaHHH H CO
rJIaCOBaHHH HanpH)KeHHI3 Ha 3MHTTepe H KOJIJIeKTOpe KO3(x1JHL[HeH'
TpaHC4)opMaUHH n12 J[OJI)KeH 6bITb 6oJlbnle eJ(HHHUbI:
n12> 1. (12
TpHoab1, HMeiow.He BLICOKy10 KpYTH3Hy
(13
a
u
3
(
i3
JUE
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
rO cooTBeTCTBye'r MaJIO'My COnpOTHBJIeHHIO r3, o6ecnegHBaloT
aBTOrenepaTOpe, npH npogHx paBHbIX yCJIOBHNx, 6o.IbAIHIl. TOK
AHTTepa.
MaKCHMaJIbiible TOKH 3MHTTepa H KOJIJIeKTOpa HMeIOT McCTO
TpHOAe npil KOJIJIeKTOpHOM HanpF)KeHHH, OTJIHLIHOM OT HyJIA.
IIpH 3aL aHHOM HanpFx(el-IHH Ha 3MHTTepe B TpHO,ge HMeeT McCTO
_KOTOpoe MaKCnMaJIbHoe 3HaLIeHHe TOKa BMHTTepa, KOTOpoe MO>KHO
a3BaTb BKCTpeMaJlbHbIM. Ko3 j HuueHT yCHJIeHFIA no TORN
r'K - aiK (14)
"
( V(3 ItK
o6iiacm 3KC'1'peMaJlbuoro TO Ka MexbHle, LIeM npH Hanpa)KeHHH
3 KOJIJIeKTOpe, paBHOM HYJIIO.
Aim noJIygeHHA MaKCHMaJIbHOrO TOKa HaMarHHLIHBaHHR Tpe-
yeTCSi, LIT06bI KOBCJ(JHuHeHT ycFuIeHHA no TOKy B o6JIaCTH 3KCTpe-
aJIbHOrO TOKa 6bIJI 6.m30K K 3HageHHIo npH HyJIeBOM KOJIJIeKTHB-
)M HanpH?KeHHH, a KOB(J(pHIuieuT VCHJIeHHA no TOKy Ha rpaHHije
ropoFI o6JiaCTH ,
a,
7.K = )
a[3 tttc
1. (15)
,aJIH nOCTpOeHHA Xap(iKT'epHCTHK aBTorenepaTopa B TpeTbefi
)JIaCTH pa60Tbi TpHOAa jOCTaTOI4HO HMeTb CJIeAyIoLuue xapaKTe-
!CTHKH: npH TOKe 3MHTTepa, paBHOM HyJIIO; npH TOKe KOJIJIeK-
1pa, paBHOM Hyjuuo; IIpH BKCTpeMaJlbHOM TOKe 3MHr"repa H npH
/JIeBOM KOJIJIeKTOpHOM HanpSI)KeHHH. HeKOTOpble H3 BTHX xapaK-
;pHCTHK AJIA TpHOAOB Tim 173A H3o6paxcexbI Ha pHc. 6, RJi i
iHOAOB THna fI2A- 14306pa>MeHbl B ceMefiCTBe xapal(TepuCTHK
u (u,,, i3) IIa pHc. 8.
TpHo,gbi, HMeioluxe MaJloe conpoTHBJieiiHe KoJIJIeKTOpnoro ne-
Gxo,ja B TpeTben o6riaCTH pa60Tbl TpHOAa, o6ecne4HBaIOT npH
OM BbICOKyIO KpyTH3Hy XapaKTepHCTHKH TOKa HaMarHHgHBaHHSI,
;0 n03BOJIAeT rOJIyllliTb nnJIoo6pa3Hble KOJle6aHH54 C MaJIbIM KO-
)(pHuHeHTOM HeJIHHeiiHbIX HCKa)KeHHII.
? IIpH nOCrpoeHHH xapaKTePHCTHKH 'roKa HaMaFHHLIHBaHH I B I H
o6p o6riaCTAX pa60TbI TpHOJa MO)KHO CLIHTaTb ee COBnaAaloinefi
CTaTHgecKon XapaKTepuCTHKoH ceMerlCTBa (10)
IlK=uK (i,, 1s=0). (16)
TpHo,abI, HMeioujxe Bblcoxoe conpo'ruaJieHHe KoJIJIeK'ropHOro
pexo, a B nepBoii o61IaCT14 pa6oTbl Tpno,L a, o6ecnetilBaloT npH
OM MHHHMaJIbHyIO KpyTH3Hy TOKa HaMarHH4HBa1{H5i, LITO nOBbI-
ieT B(p( eKTHBHOCTb CXeMbI BCJIeACTBHe MaJIbIX nOTepb 3HeprHH
TPHOAe B 'reueHHe o6paTHoro xoaa nHJloo6pa3HbIx xone6aHHK.
ABTOp CLIHTaeT CBOHM IOJIFOM BbIpa3HTb 6JIarO,apHOCTb J.(OK-
py TeXH. HayK C. A. Ap060By 3a nOMOnjb npH noAroTOBKe
TepHana K neLlaTH.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
J 11TEPATYPA
1. P. Y 0 n e c c, Y. 11 H T e H n 0 n b, CBOHCTBa H npHMeieHHe cxeM c KE
CTannH,ieCKHMH TpHOAaMH Tina n - p - n, "Bonpocbl paAHOJIOKaLHOHHOH T(
HHKH", 1952, N2 1 (7).
2. 14 o y, C y p a H, AHaJIH3 nepexoAHblx npoueCCOB B yCHJIHTenBX Ha nl
CKOCTHbIX n0nynpono1 HHKOBbIX TpHOAax, Bonpocbi paAHOnoKauHOHHOIi TCXHHKI
1955, N2 4 (28).
3. C. H. K a T a e B, I'eHepaTOpbl HMnynbCOB TeJIeBH3H0HH0Ii pa3BepTI
roc3HeproH3AaT, 1951.
Kaxd. tbU3.-Mam. naylc H. H. L(YKKEPM1
O PA3PEWAfO11.WEi CHOCOBHOCTH CYHEPOPTHKOHA:
B CTaTbe paCCMOTpeHbl HeKOTOpble (4aKTOpbl, BJIHBIonjne Ha pa3pewalolU
CnO006HOCTb nepe.i aionneli TeneBH3HOHHOf Tpy6xH THna cynepOpTHKOH. Cy6
CTBeHHO yT09HeHb1 pac4eTbI XpOMaTH9eCKOFt a6eppauHH, caeJlaHHble B pa6oi
Ae Bope [A. 21 H BeHATa [A. 51, KOJIH9eCTBeHHO oueHeHO BJIHSIHHe 9TOSi a6(
paijHH Ha pa3pewaioijyio CHOCO6HOCTb cynepOpTHKOHa. YeTeHO pa3nHIHe Me +(
,3apSIAHbIM peJlbe(170M" H n0TeHuHaJIbHbIM peJlbe(pOM". CAenaH pacer noTeHI
aJlbHoro penbe(pa Jjng HeCKOJIbKHX HHTepeCHbIX cnyqaeB pacnpeAeneiHB 3apc,
OTMegeHO cpaBHnTenbHO 6bICTpOe yMCHbweHHe rny6HHbl noTeHLHaJIbHoro pe)
e(pa Ha MHweHH no Mepe yMeHbweHHB eMKOCTH, npHXOABHjeNC51 Ha anent(
H3o6pa>KeHHB.
- YKa3aHbI HeKOTOpble II TH nOBbIweHHB pa3pewaionjeN cHOCO6HOCTH cynep(
THKOHa. PaCCMOTpeHbl TaK}Ke B03MOH(HOCTH yJiyaweHHB nepeaa9H MenKHX
TaneH npH 9neKTpoHH00nTH`(eCK0M MaCwTa6HpoBaHHH.
BBeAeHHe
Pa3pemalonLylo Cnoco6HOCTb BbinycKaeMblx ceii ac cynep(
'THKOHOB HeJIb35I CLIHTaTb BHOJIHe COOTBeTCTByIO1-ueli H3BeCTHbIM CT#
AapTaM TeJIeBH3HOHHOrO pa3JI0?KeHHH C HX BbICOKHMH Tpe6ol
HHHMH K LIeTKOCTH. Ec.IH OIjeHHBaTb pa3peuialon ylo CnOCO6HO(
cynepOpTHKOHa BH3yaJlbHO HO pa3JIHT-IHMOCTH BepTHKaJIbHbIX JIHH
TeAIeBH3HOHHOrO H3o6pa>KeHHSI HCnbITaTeJIbHOI1 Ta6JIHUbI, TO
BeJIHLIHHa MO?KeT 3aMeTHO npeBOCXOaHTb 600 JIHHHII.** OAHaKO K(
TpaCTHOCTb nepe,agIH McJIKHX AeTaJIei OTHOCHTeJIbHO MafIa. THI
Bax LIaCTOTHaR XapaKTepHCTHKa cynepopTHKOHa npeACTaBJIE
Ha pllc. 1 [JI. 11.
caKTOpbI, orpaHHLIHBaIoLuHe pa3peIHaloiuylo cnoco6HOCTb I
nepOpTHKOHa', MOryT 6bITb yCJIOBHO pa3AeJIeHbI Ha TeXHOJIOrH'
'CKHe H ()H311gecKHe. IlepBble onpeAeJIHIoTCH HecosepuiencTa
TeXHOJIOrHH II3FOTOBJIeHHH Tpy6xH. CpeAH HHX HaAo yKa3aTb
IIaCTHOCTH, Ha ?nOBepXHOCTHyio" npOBOAHMOCTb nJIeHFCH MHIIIe;
* ?onoxceHo Ha XI .TIeHHHrpaACKOIi Hay4H0-TexHngecxoli KoH(pepenunH 06
cTBa paAHOTexHnKH H 9neKTp0CB513H HM. A. C. IIonOBa 24 anpena 1956 r.
** B CJIygae, ecim COOTBeTCTByI0IJHM o6pa3oM pacwnpeHa nonoca 4ac
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
HeTO4IHOCTb c6opRH H 1OCTHpOBKH 3JIeKTp0AoB H MarHHTHOI3 CH-
?MbI, Ha BJIHHHHe CTPYKTypbI CeTKH MHiueHH.
.IIpyran rpynna (f aKTOpOB, KOTOpan TOJIbKO H 6yaeT B AaJib-
I meM pacCMaTpHBaTbCH, cB5I3aHa C HBJIeHHAMH, nPHHuHHHaJIbHO
.HCyujHMH cynepopTHKOxy. 3TO-BJIeKTpOHHOOnTHqeCKHe a6ep-,
uHH CeKuHH H3o6pa)KeHH51, HJIH, KaK ee HHOrjia Ha3bIBaIOT, ceK-
H nepeHoca, BJIHHHHe noaelt paCCeHHHI oTKJIOHHIoLuef CHCTeMbI
(JOpMHpOBaHHe 3JIeKTpOHHOrO H3o6pa)KeHH51, 3aBHCHMOCTb O_ THO-
reJlbHOkI rJIy6HHbI nOTeHunaJlbHOrO peJibe(pa OT eMKOCTH, npH-.
ARLuefCH Ha 3JIeMeHT H30-
a)KeHHH, pacTeKaHHe 3a-
ROB BCJIeACTBHe Monet-- 10
R npOBOAHMOCTH 1JIeHKH
,iaxoxeu,pacnpeaeneHHe
)THOCTH TOKa no ceYeHHK)
iTblBaloiuero nHTHa H ero 0,5
~eKTHBHbrIk AHaMeTp.
Pa3peiualoiuan cnoco6-
:Tb CynepOpTHKOHa H
IMOXCHOCTH ee nOBbllue- 0
I HccJIeAOBaHbI? Heuo-
ro iuo. B [J1. 2] B Ka-
100 200
300 400 500 600 700 800
Vucno AuHUu
TBe OCHOBHbIX HpHYHH PHC. 1. yaCTOTHa5i xapaKTeplCTHKa aMepit-
xceHHn pa3peflalolueH KaHCKoro "KoMMeptiecKoro" cylepOpTHKOHa
co6HOCTH cynepopTH-.
:a yxa3axbl xpoMaTH4e-
si a6eppauHn cexuHH H306paxceHH5i H pacTexaHHe 3apHAOB no
ueHH.
HeCKOJIbKO pa3pO3HCHHbIX CBeAeHHN, OTHOCHIUHXCH K pa3peinaio-
1 crroco6HOCTH cynepopTHKOHa, HMeeTCn, HanpHMep, B CTaTbLX
3, 4].
-IpH axa.nH3e pa3peiuaioLue13 Cnoco6HOCTH nepeualoluHx Tpy6oK
r0 He yLIHTbIBaJIaCb 3aBHCHMOCTb. OTHOCHTeJIbHOf1 r1iy6HHbI no-
ulaJIbHOrO penbe4Ja OT eMKOCTH, npHXOAnn[e13C5i
Ha 3JIeMeHT
' 5pa)KeHHn. TaK, HanpHMep, B CTaTbe PbI4)THHa [A. 8] yTBep)K-
rCn, MTO pa3peuiaioiuan cnoco6HOCTb HAeaJIbHOI-I" nepeaaio- '
.Tpy6KH, rje OTCyTCTByIOT a6eppauHH ceKUHH H3o6pa)KeHH5T,
'_AerlneTCn TOJIbKO pacnpeae.leHHeM TOICa B CLIHTbIBa1OLueM nnTHe
'0 3c1X eKTHBHbIM AHaMeTpOM. BpnA JIH uenecoo6pa3HO CTpe-
bCn K TeopeTHLIeCKOMy pacgeTy CHrHaJia H3o6pa)KeHHn McJIKHX
iieK (KaK 9TO CAeJiaHO B [A. 8']), yLIHTbIBan HeonpeAeJIeHHOCTb
)TOpbIX Heo6XOAHMbIX AJI51 3TOr0 HCXOAHbIX napaMeTpoB.
1. A6eppauHH CeKgHH 3JIeKTpOHHorO H3o6pa ceHHa
)JIeKTpOCTaTHTIeCKOe H MarHHTHOe nOJI I CeKuHH H3o6pa)KeHHn
pOpTHKOHa He MOryT CLIHTaTbCH OAHOpOAHbIMH, OAHaKO OHH
HHTeJIbHO 6JIH3KH K . OAHOpOAHbIM (pHC. 2). 3T0 npOcBJIneTCH
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
H B MaJIOM (nopg Ka Hecxo;lb1Hx rpa,yCOB) nOBOpo"re 9JIeKTPOH
HOro H3o6pa)KeHHH Ha MHHIeHH OTHOCHTeJIbHO orTH4ecKoro H3(
6pa)KeHHH Ha Cj)OTOKaToae, H B TOM, TITO yBeJIHT-IeHHe BJIeKTpOI
HOOnTHgecKOI3 CHCTeMbI CeKUHH H3o6pa)xeHHSI 6JIH3K0 K eAHHHH
(0,8-0,85). MO)KHO nOBTOMy o)KHAaTb, TIT0 a6eppauHH, npHc)
tulle aKCHaJIbHOCHMMeTpH4HbIM CHCTeMaM, B 3TOM CJIy T iae 6yAyT Cpi
BHHTeJIbHO MaJIbI. IICKJIK)geHHe COCTaBJISIeT XpoMaTHTIeCKaSI OHIH61Ci
CBH3aHHa 1 c pa36P000M HagaJIbHbIX
CKOpOCTeIi q)OTO3JJeKTpOHOB no Be- V(Z)
JIHTIHHe H HanpaBJieHHIO (T. e. 9
co6cTBeHHO xpOMaTHTiecxaST a6ep- 280
paunSi H cq)epHTiecxasl a6eppaUH51),
nOCKO.JbKy cpeAHee 3HaqeHHe Ha- .940
TIaJIbHOIi CKOpOCTH CJOTO3JIeKTpOHOB
3
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
H(Z,)
3 cm Z,
1 2 3 cm z,
PHc. 2. MarHHTHoe II 9JIeKTpOCTaTH4eCKOe nOJI6 CeKuHH 3JIeKTpOHHOI'O
H306pawemigi: a) HaHpA]KeIIHOCTb MarHHTHOI'o HOJI51 Ha ocH z; 6) nOTeHutiaii
BJIeKTpH9eCK0ro nojiH Ha OCH Z
llJ10CKOCTb ((IOTOKaTOJla z=O, IIJIOCKOCTb MNIIICHH Z=Z,
B cynepOpTHKOHe BcerO Ha nOp1AOK McHbIIIe KOHeTIHOI1 CKOpoC
y MHIIIeHH.
XpoMaTHTlecxax a6eppauxx ceRuHH H3o6paxceHH5I cynepop'
Koxa 6iuia pacCTIHTaxa B pa6oTe Ae Bope [f!. 21. Marx:
Hoe H 9JIeKTpHTIecKoe nOJISI 6bIJIH HpHHSITbI OAHOpOAHbIMH, P
npe,aeiieHHe HaMIaJIbHbIX CKOpOCTei'I no HanpaBJIeHHSIM-no,i[4HHS'.
IU[IIMCA KOCHHyCOHAaJIbHOMY 3aKOHy, a pacnpeaeJieHne no Ha4IaJIbH
3HeprHHM-napa60JIH1ieCKOMy 3aKOHy (pHc. 3). IIpH. 9TOM 9.
McHTapHbIli TOK dl 3JIeKTpOHOB, HagaJlbxa5i aHeprHSI * KOTOp
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(Il, 0 -}- d e), Bblpa}KaeTCSI paBeHCTBOM
dl= kI o (1- 2Eo 1 d (__)d(cos 28) df,.
J
* 3Aecb H HOBCIOAy AaJiee 3HeprnA 9JIeKTpOHa Bblpa)I eHa B eAHHHUax
npa)KeHHH, Tai( 4TO B JL CTBHTeJIbHOCTH 9lieprnB BJIeKTpoHa pa Bea es,
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
rj e. e0-HaH6OJIee BepOHTHali 3HeprHH,
kl-Ko c1J4JHLHeHT npoJ1OpLIHOHaJIbHOCTH
df-3JIeMeHT njioIuanH (OTOKaTOAa?
B [JI. 51 cAeJIaH pactleT, xpOMaTH'IecKOH a6eppaut4H 3JIeKTpOH-
HOOnTH4ecKoro npeo6pa3OBaTeJIA C OAHOpOAHb1MH nOJIAMH B npeA-
I1o.Ro)KeHHH, MTO pacnpeaeJIeHHe (I1)OT03JIeKTpOHOB n0 Ha'IaJIbHbIM
3HeprllIM annpoKCHMHpyeTCA 4)yHKuHeHI MaKCBeJi.ia Ha OTpe3Ke
OT. HVJIR AO MaKCHMaJIbH014 3Heprr4H (pnc. 4). B 3TOM c.rlyqae
dI =k2 E e d (Ep l d (cos 20) df. (2)
`I-10 e
0,4
93
f 2 3 4 6/eo
Pnc. 3. IIapa60JmH9eCKHA" PHC. 4. MaKC13eJIJ10BCKHN" 3aKOH paC-
3aKOH pacnpeAeaeHHH 4)OTO- npeaeaeHHH (4OT03neKTpOHOB no Ha-
aJ1eKTpOHOB HO Ha'IaJIbHbIM 'IaJIbHbIM 3HeprH5IM
9HepFHAM HaH6OJlbwa9 Havanbxaa 3Heprlla Em=4E0
HaH6OJIbwaA Ha4aJIb11al 911eprHa
e 2EO
B o6oHx cnyvaxx 6bI.no pacc'H'raaO pacrlpeaeneHHe HJOTHOCTH
-roKa B 3JIeKTpOHHOM H306pa)KeHHH JLJIH HJIOCKOCTH, rAe Co3J1aeTC5I
rayCCOBO H3o6pa)KeHHe 3JleKTpOHaMH C 6eCKOHe'4HO MaJI014 HaLIaJIb-
HOf 3HeprJel3 a ->- 0, XOTH B LLe1CTBHTeJIbHOCTH LIeTKOCTb HoJly'leH-
HorO TaKHM o6pa3oM .H30pa)KeHHU He MOxceT 6bI'fb OnTHMaJIbHOII.
BO BC51KOM. cjiy iae, pa3pelllaloniall cnoco6HOCTb 6yueT Bbllue, eCJIH
4 oKyCHpoBaTb B nJIOCKOCTH Ml4meHH napaKCHaJIbHble nytIKH 3Jleli-
TpOHOB He c 6eCK0He'IHO MaJ10II Ha'LaJIbHO{4 3HeprneH, a C HaH6o-
Jlee BepO1THOH 3HeprHeH eo (pHc. 5).
I-ITo6bI oueHHTb, HaCKOJIbKO cyu(eCTBeHHO MO)KeT CKa3aTbC51 Bbl-
60p Ha'LaJIbHoH 3HeprMH 3JIeKTpOHOB nytIKa, q)OKydHpyeMOrO Ha
MHiueHH, OnpeaelIHM, Ha KaKyK) BeJIH'-IHHy LX VO,,,, Hauo H3MeHHTb
HanpI)KeHHe Me)KJ(y (l)OTOKaTOAOM H MHuleHbIO V0.1f JWISI nepexoaa
OT 4)OKyCIHPOBKH B 3aaaHH014 HJIOCKOCTH MHIIIeHH Z=Z1 napaK-
CHaJIbHoro ny'IKa 3JIeKTpOHOB C. 6eCKOHe'IHO MaJIOA HagIaJIbHOH
3HeprIell 'E --* 0 K (JOKyCHpOBKe B TOM )Ke HJIOCKOCTH HapaKCHaJIb-
Horo ny'-IKa 3JIeKTpOHOB C Ha'-IaJIbHOH 3HeprHeI4 e. H3 (popMyJIbI
Jvn1 nojlo)KeHHSI HJIOCKOCTH 4)0KyCHpOBKH napaKCI4aJIbHoro Ily'4Ka
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
3JIeKTpOHOB B OAHOpOAHbIX 3JIeKTpHTIec} oM 8 : M3rHHTHOM noJllx:*.
(B CHCTeMe CGSM)
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2m V yM-I-e -I- Ve
1 V e=:. li (3)
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nOJI51) noJiy!IaeTCSi
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y H; ? 4)oxycllposxe 3nex-
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PHe. 5. K Bb16opy nJ[OCKOCTF( (4OKYCHpOBKH c3JreKTpoHOB
npH paC9eTe XpOMaTHgeCKOH a6eppagHH
I-nnOCKOCTh 4)OKYCHP013KH napaKCHanbHOro nyqKa c 66eCKOHegHb
Ma,ot Ha4anb,OL 9HeprHe{1 E-.0; 2-HnOCKOCTb 4)OKYCHpOBKH napaK.
CNanbHbIX.ny4KO6 C Han6onee`BepOKTII0, 9HeprHel, Ep
Mep, 'e. 1 e, VfM=300 e, To A V~M -35 e. Taxoe.cylgecTBeHHoe
pa3JIHgHe CBH3aHO C_TeM,IqTO OAHOpOAHoe MarHHTHoe-'nOJie OKa3bl-
BaeT HaH60JIbIIIee CO6HpaTeJIbHoe AeIICTBHe Ha nytIOK BHagaJIe,
KorAa,CKOpOCTb.gJIeKTpOHOB,OTHOCHTeIIbHOMaJIa..
TaKHM o6pa30M,-pac,eTbI;XpOMaTHxIeCKOI aOeppagHK, Ci[eJI3HHble::
B - [JI? -2; SS1,:J1,OJI?KHbI AaBaTb 3aBeJ(OMO. 3aHH]KeHHble .3HaqeHHH .J[JI L
pa3peraioigeli? Cnoco6HOCTH. EOJlee To9HbIII pactieT XpOMa,THtieCKO
a6eppa4HH . npeo6pa30BaTeJIH r'O HOpOAHbIMH -n_oji51MH 6bIJI BbIHOJI-'
HeH_ EOH11ITeATOM, RMHTpHeBOR H aBTOpOM [A..6]. B [JI. 161. npH-
HSITO, LITO'B IIJIOCKOCTH,MHuieHH (poxydHpy1OTC5I nytIKH,,,,HaH6oJiee
BepOATHbIX" 4)OT03JIeKTpOHOB, T. e, napaKCHaJIbHble.-ny'IKH 4lOTO7..
3JIeKTpOHOB, . HaEiaJIbHasI 3HeprHH KbTOpbIX' 000TBeTCTByeT MaKCH--
M.yMy KpHBOf pacnpe1LeIIeHHx no BHeprixM. Pa3pemaiouiai Cno-
co6HOCTb cexLHH H3o6paxceHHSI. onpeAeJISIeTCH no -nepenaAy IIJIOT.
HOCTH:,TOKa B BJIeKTpOHHOM H3o6pa?KeHHH OHTHr4eCKOH" , MHpbl,
COCTOHu eIi H3 CHCTeMbI - tiepnblX H. 6eJIhIx .nOJI000K ?paBHOII IIIH-:
pHHbI FJ.. 9TOT nepenaA:y.o6HO xapaKfepH30BaTb KO3(4H4HeHTOM
MOAYJISILHH
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
rue JMaKC H jMUK-MaKCHMaJIbHoe H MHHHMaJIbHOe 3HaqeHHH nJIOT-
HOCTH TOKa B HJIOCKOCTH 3JIeKTpOHHOrO H3o6pa?KeHH51 MHpbt
(pHc. 6)..
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CHMOCTb mf OT 6e3pa3Mepxoro na-
paMeipa aS, r,e a= HYV0M , H
21,2e(, x,
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110 HazIaJlbHbIM 3HeprHHM. Ha TOM
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pacqeTa mj(a6) no [JI. 2] H no
[A. 5]. CpaBHeHHe Mex{Ay co6of
KPHBbIX, COOTBeTCTBYIOIUHX OAHHa-
KOBOMy pacnpeAeJIeHHIO no Ha-
LIaJIbHbIM 3HeprHHM, nOKa3blBaeT, PHC. 6. r]JIOTHOCTb TOKa B 3neKTpOH-
IqTO pa60TbI [JI. 2] H [A. 5] ReH- HOM H306pa)KeHHH OnTH9eCKOH MHpM
CTBHTeJIbHO Aa10T 3aMeTHO 3aHH- Ha MHweHH
)xeHHble 3HaLIeHHH ?KO3(p(~HuHeHTa Ha BepxxeM rpa4 nrce noica3axo pacnpene-
JIeHHe OCBecueHHOCTM Ha 4)OTOKaTOAe
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JIbIX 3HaTIeHHHX a. BTO BHAHO Ha
CJieAyio ueM npHMepe. Ujix MHpbI, COOTBeTCTByiomeH OTMeTKe ?600"
HCnbITaTeJIbHOil Ta6JIHubI, a?3,3.10-3 CM. IIpHHHB H = 55 9,
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PHc. 7. ?KO344HUHeHT MOAyJISIUHH? nJIOTHOCTH TOKa B 3JIeK-
TpOHHOM H306pa)KeHHH OnTH4eCKOH MHpM npH yweTe XpOMa-
TH'IeCKOH a6eppaLHH.
I-cjiyval napa6onnveCKoro" pacnpeneneHHa (HOBwf pacveT); 2-cnyvag
?MaxcBeJinoBcKoro" pacnpeneneHHa (HOBwf% pacveT); 3-cnyvaA ,napa6onHVe-
cxoro? pacnpeneneHHa (no pacveTy B [JI. 2]); 4-cnyvaN MaxcBennoBcxoro"
pacnpeneneHHa (no pacveTy B .[JI.'51)
V0,, =300 8, eo=0,7 8, npH ?MaKCBeJIJ10BCKOM" pacnpeueneHHH
nOJlytiHM a8,~ 0,21. 3HageHHe m?, paCCTIHTaHHOe no BeH,I[Ty (pHc.. 7,
KpiisaH 4), 6bvvio 6bi oRono 0,04. 3TO-CTOJIb Maiiax BeJIH?IHHa,
231
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
4'ro npH y,ie're Apyl'HX cpaKTOpoB, CHH)KaloHLHx pa3pe naloluyto
CHOCO6HOCTb TeJIeBH3HOHHOIi CHCTeMbI, BOCHPOH3BeaeHHe 'raKHX
AeTa.iiell H306pa KeHHfI 6bIJIo 6bI npaKTH4ecRH HeBO3M0)KHO. HOBbIF'I
pac4eT [JI. 6] AaeT 6oriee npaB,4onoao6Hy1o BeJIHIIHHy inJ 0,3
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Cnoco6HOCTb cynepopTHKola He TaK BeJIHKO, icaK npe,noJlararl
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3TOI a6eppauHH, OAHaKO C 9THM BJIHSIHHeM fPHXOAHTCSI C4HTaTbC51,
oco6eHHO npH AaJlbHegiueM nOBbIlueHNII Tpe60BaHHA K 4eTKOC'rH
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OHTH4ecKoii MHphi, COOTBeTCTByIOujeH OTMeTKe ?1000" HCnbITaTeJlb-
HOIi Ta6JIuUbi, n npH yKa3aHHbIX B npeablayLI M npHMepe 3Ha4e-
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JI,JIA KpyfHbIX AeTaJlefi.
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co6HOCTb CynepOPTHKOHa HenOCpeACTBeHHO o6Hapy)KHBaeTCH npn
CpaBHeHHH H3o6pa)KeHHII B YCJIOBH$IX OCBeweHHA o6TeKTa nepe-
Aa4H cBeTOM C pa3JIH4HbIM CneKTpaJIbHbIM_ coj ep)KaHHeM (npu He-
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BHAHa H3 pHC. 7, nOCKOJibKy a nponopuuoHa.lIbHO 1 . Pa3peHlaid-
E0
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Ha CHHHII H nOACTpOIIKe OHTH4eCKOlr CHCTeMbI H Tpy6KH naAaeT
(HO BH3yaJIbHOR oueHKe) HHoraa Ha CTO ii 6OJiee JIHHHIi. ECJIH >Ke
Heo6XOAHMoe H3MeHeHHe Hanpu)KeHHA V?,A, BCJIeACTBHe pa3JIH-
4HSI E(), npH nepexoAe OT (puJIbTpa K q)HJIbTpy He MO)KeT 6bITb
npOH3BeAeHO-HanpHMep, npH -nepeAa4e UBeTHbIX 06-beKTOB c 6bI-
CTpO H3MeH$iIOIUHMC5I CneKTpaJlbHbIM coaep)KaHHem, -naaeHHe pa3-
peulaIoiuel1 Cnoc06HOCT4 6yAeT elue 3aMeTHee. ,11
YMeHbIUHTb XpOMaTH4eCKyIO a6eppauiio CeKUHH H3o6pa)KeHii1
MOHCHO nyTeM yBeJIHLieHHH a npH yBeJIH4eHHH HV VV.. Ilpoc'roe
yBeJIH4eHHe' TOKa 4epe3 (pOKyCHpyIOIuyio KaTyIUKy HpH 000TBeT-
c'rByIOUI,eM yBeJIH4eHHH Bcex HanpH)KeHHct, a TaK)Ke pa3MaXa
nHJloo6pa3HOrO TOI(a 4epe3 oTKJIOHuIouLue KaTyIUKH, Aae'r Bb1Hrpbl1u
B pa3peulaiouue}i cnoco6HOCT14. OAHaICo TaK04f cnoco6 He BcerAa
yao6eH, TaK I(aK npHXOLHTCH yBeJIH4HBaTb MOUjHOCTb reHepaTOpa
pa3BepTOK. IIpeAH04THTeJIbHee yBeJII14IIBaTb MarHHTHOe noise TOJIbKO
B CeKUHH H3o6pa)KeHHII, rJIaBHbIM o6pa30M B6J1H3H (lJoTOKaToaa.
Cpe,aHHe 3HageHH5i H J/ Vtfitix npH 3TOM Bo3pacTaloT. Tpe6yeMoe
I13MeHeHHe MarHHTHOrO BOJ19 B CeKUIIH H306paaceHHSI MO)KeT 6bITb
AOCTHI'HYTO ceKUHOHHpOBaHHeM HaMOTKH (poKyCHpyloluell KaTyIUKH,
TaK 4To6bI nJIOTHOCTb aMnepBHTKOB yBeJIHgHBa.naCb B6JIH3H #T0-
* B 1IeiCTBHTeJIbHOCTN, NpN IIaCTpOriKe KaMepbl pe%IIM CeKUHH 11epeIiOC'I
BcerAa noa611paeTC51 OnbITHbIM nyTeM TaK, 4TO K09("Mtuie11T MoapimIIHH n:
CTanOBNTCA MaKCNMaJIbHbiM.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
KaTOA.a, a TaK)Ke yCTaHOBKOIi Ha Topije KaTyuIIKH MarHHTOnpOBoaa
B (popMe RHa(pparMbI C OTBepCTHeM AJIA CBeTOBbIX Jiy'IeK. flpH BTOM
BO3paCTaeT yBeJIH4eHHe 9JreKTpOHHO0nTH'IeCKOIr CHCTeMbI, a cJIe-
AOBaTeJrbHO, HpH 3aAaHHbIX pa3Mepax OnTH'IecKoro H3o6pa)KeHHA
yBeJIH'IHBaeTCH H pa6o'IaH nOBepXHOCTb MHIIIeHH, 'ITO, KaK 6yAeT
noxa3aHO aanee (cM. naparpa(p 2), Cnoco6CTByeT yBeJiH'IeHHIO
pa3peH.IalolueH CHOCO6HOCTH CHCTeMbI MHIUeHH. ECJri TBKHM HyTeM
yJ[aeTCH npespaTHTb MarHHTHOe noire ceKuHH H3o6pa)KeHHHI npax-
THLIeCKH B OAHOpOAHOe, TO yMeHbrnaIOTCHI H Apyrme a6eppauHH,
B 'raCTHOCTH, aCTHrMaTH3M H KPHBH3Ha noui i, a CJIeJ[OBaTeJIbHO,
y.IyT-IUIaeTCH (pOKyCHpOBKa Ha KpaHix H3o6pa)KeHH51.
CyILeCTBeHHbIM CpaFTOpOM, orpaHHLIHBaIOU.jHM pa3peUlaioiuyio
cnocO6HOCTb CynepOpTHKOHa, MO)KeT ABHTbCHT BJIHHIHHe nepeMeH-
HbIX noJieI-r pacceAHHA OTKJIOHAK)IUHX KaTymmeK Ha BOTOK 4)OTO-
9JIeKTpOHOB. BTO HPHBOAHT K nepHOAHUeCKHM He60JIbIUHM OTKJIO-
HeHIHHM 3JIeKTpOHHOrO H3o6pa)KeHHH OT CBoero cpeAHero noJlo)KeHHA
Ha MHLUeHH 3a BpeMH HaKonJIeHHA, K CBoeI'O poj a ,pa3MbIBaHHIO"
H3o6pa)KeHH5I. CpeAHee 3Ha'IeHHe nou i pacceAHHA He3KpaHHpOBaH-
HbIX CTpO'IHbIX KaTymeK Ha OCH Tpy6KH B CeKILHH H3o6pa)KeHHH
BCero Ha ABa nopAAxa McHbliie MaxcHMaJIbHorO 3Ha'reHH51 B ueHTpe
DTKJIOHAK)II.jeH CHCTeMbI. FIpH OTCyTCTBHH 9KpaHHPOBK14 suIeKTpoH-
Hoe H306pa)KeHHe B nJIOCKOCTH MHIUeHH Mor.IO 6bI CMeLuaTbCA Ha
J.Ba-TpH BJIeMeHTa CCaHAapTHOrO pa3JI0)KeHH51. CTaTH'IeCKHrI )KeJIe3-
IbIFI 3KpaH oTKJIOHAIo ueII CHCTeMbI H ,,,aHHaMHgecKoe" BxpaHHpyIO-
uee AeiCTBHe McTaJIJIH'IeCKHX L[HJIHH,RPOB B CeKL[HH H3o6pa)KeHHH
/MeHbluaIOT HOJIH pacceAHHA.
13JIHAHHe nouueI3 pacceHHHH Ha pa3peiuaiotuyio cnoCO6HOCTb
:eRI1.HH H3o6pa)KeHH2 aemOHCTPHpyeTCA CJIe,TyIOU.[HM npOCTbIM onbI-
'OM. B o6JIaCTH CeKuHH H306pa)KeHHH yCTaHaBJIHBaIOT aOnOJIHH- '
:e5,,,bxbie OTKJIOHHIOIUHe KaTyuUKH, B KOTOpble noialOTCA peryJlH-
)yeMble no pa3Maxy ?nHJIoo6pa3Hbie" HMnyJlbCbl TOKa OT reHepa-
'opa pa3BepTOK. IloJio)KeHHe aOnOJIHHTeJIbHbIX KaTyulei no26HpaioT
'aKHM o6pa3oM, 'ITO6bI OJAHa papa Morna OTKJIOHHTb BJieKTPOHHOe
I3o6paxceHHe B HanpaBJIeHHH cTpo'IHOI%I, a apyrag-B HanpaBJIeHHH
:aApoBou pa3BepTKH. npH yBeJIH'IeHHH pa3MaXa TOKa B ?CTpO'I-
[bIX" L orOJIHHTeJlbHbIX KaTyUIKaX Ha6uIoAaeTC51 yMeHbIUeHHe pa3-
,eu[aloLueH cnoC06HOCTH no BepTHKaJIbHOMY KJIHHY, a npH yseJlH-
[eHHH pa3MaXa TOKa B ,KaapOBbIX"-nO rop143o]HTaJIbHOMy. CTe-
[eHb naaeHHH pa3pemaioLgeI%I CHOCO6HOCTH 3a c'-IeT nou
OUOJIHHTeJIbHbIX KaTyLneK 3aBHCHT OT HanpaBJIeHHA TOKa B HHX.
:CJIH 9TO HanpaBJieHHe TaKOBO, 'ITO noire AOnoJIHHTeJIbHbIX KaTy-
aeK cKJuaabiBaeTCA C noJleM pacceAHHA OCHOBHbIX OTKJIOHHIOU HX
aTylneK, TO 3aMeTHOe CHH)KeHHe pa3peuraioIueI CUOCO6HOCTH
.POHCXOAHT npH McHbIUHX 3Ha'IeHH51X pa3MaXa TOKa B aOnOJIHH-
eJIbHbIX KaTyIUKax, 'IeM B CJiy'iae, ecuIH noire aOnoJIHHTeJIbHbIX
aTyineK BbI'IHTaeTCA H3 nOJIA pacceHHHH OCHOBHbIX. CJle,iyeT oT-
feTHTb, 'ITO ,na?Ke B nepBOM CJiy'iae noTepA pa3JIHLIHMOCTH McJI-
HX aeTaJIeII HCnbITaTeJIbHOit Ta6JIHubI, COOTBeTCTBYIOLuHX OT-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
McTKe ?600", T. e. npHHHITOMy CTaHAapTy pa3Jlo)KeHNH, npOHCXOAHT
JIHnIb npH HeKOTOpOM KOHeLIHOM 3HaqeHHH pa3Maxa TOKa B aOHOJI-
HHTeJIbHbIX KaTyHIKax. OAHaKO npH rIOBbIHIeHHH Tpe60BaHHfi K qeT-
KOCTH Te.IeBH3HOHHOrO H3o6pa KeHHH BJIHHIHHe noJieI3 paccecIHHHi
OTKJIOHHIOMHX KaTyiueK Ha pa3pemaiomyio CIIOCO6HOCTb MO)KeT
CTaTb cymeCTBeHHbIM.
,IJii Aa.IbHeI3mIero yMeHbHIeHHSI BJIHHHHHI nOJreH pacceSIHHH MO-
xKeT 6bITb npHMeHeHa AOHOJIHHTejIbHaH 3KpaHHpOBKa [JI. 4, 7].
OTKJIOHeHHe B no ie pacceHHHHI OTKJIOHiIOrI4eI3 CHCTeMbI MOMCeT
6bITb KOMneHCHpOBaHO 3a cLIeT OTKJIOHeHHHI B none aOHOJIHHTeJIb-
HbIX KaTyIneK B o6JIaCTH ceKIZHH H3o6paMCeHH5I. FJoJ o6Hoe yCTpOIt-
CTBO ynOMHHaeTCHI B CTaTbe [A. 3]. HaKOHeU, yBe.IHLIeHHe cpeAHef
CKOpOCTH ABHxCeHHHI 9JIeKTpOHOB B ceKL[HH H3o6pa)(eHHH TaK)Ke
yMeHbruaeT BJIHHHHe l0JIeH pacceHHHH. B TOM CMbICJIe MOryT 6bITb
noJIe3HbI Te Mepbl, KOTOpble CHOCO6CTByROT yMeHbmmeHHIO XpoMaTH-
LlecxoH a6eppaiHH.
2. nOTeHUHaJIbHbIt peJlbe(p Ha MHWeHH
3ajaBaHCb BonpOCOM, B KaKOI-I Mepe MHIHeHb orpaHHLIHBaeT
pa3peruaioII yio CHO006HOCTb cynepopTHKOHa, crleAyeT npexcAe
Bcero CpaBHHTb pa3Mepbl MHIIIeHH H B NJeKTHBHOe nonepegHoe ce-
LIeHHe CLIHTbIBaloflero nyLiKa. HHOraa COOTHOIIIeHHe Mexcxy 9THMIH
BeJIHLIHHaMH MoxceT cylljeCTBeHHO onpeAeJIHTb pa3peLuaIomyio cno-
co6HOCTb nepe,aaron>,eH Tpy6KH [JI. 8].
OAHaKO B CJIygae o6bILIHOrO cynepOpTHKOHa 3TO COOTHOLIeHHF
Mo KeT, HO-BHAHMOMy, CLIHTaTbCH yAOBJIeTBOpHTeJIbHbIM Aaxce npi
HeKOTOpoM nOBbInleHHH Tpe60BaHHfi K 4eTKOCTH Te.IeBH3HOHHOr(
H3o6pa)ceHHH. Pa3Mepbi CLIHTbIBaioJgero n1THa cynepOpTHKOH',
oueHeHbI, HanpHMep, B CTaTbe [A. 9]. 06'beKTOM, KOTOpbII%I OTO
6paxcaeTCa Ha MHWeHH B BHAe CLIHTbIBaio ero rIHTHa, CJIyxCH-.
3AeCb OTBePCTHe B anepTypHOH AHa(pparMe npoweKTOpa. UHaMeTI
9TOrO OTBepCTHH - nOpHiAKa 3,5.10-3 CA,. YBejmHLIeHHe cf OKyCH
pyionuef CHCTeMbI ceKuHH CLIHTbIBaHHHI-OKOJIO 0,6. flapaKCHaJIb
Hoe H3o6paxceHHe OTBepCTHHI HMeeT Ha.MHIUeHH nonepegHHK HOPHIA
Ka 2.10-3 CM, LITO npHMepHO B TbICHLIy pa3 McHbiue BbICOTbI pa
CTpa. 3TO HaXOAHTCHI B COOTBeTCTBHH C 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHbIMH AaH
HbIMH, IPHBeAeHHbIMH B CTaTbe [JI. 2], rAe pa3peuialoluaH cnoco6
HOCTb ceKUHH CLIHTbIBaHHHI oLLeHHBaeTCH BeJIHLIHHOI-I, no KpacHe:
Mepe, He HHxce 1000 JIHHHI3. *
* Pa3peHlalou(a l cnoco6HOCTb ceKI),HH C'HTbiBaHHA Ha Kpaix pacTpa Mo>Ke
HeCKOJIbKO CHHNCaTbCA H3-3a a6eppagH# CHCTeMbI OTKJIOHeHHA, a Tax%e H;
3a HapyuleHHA yCJIOBHii OpTOroHaJlbHoro na1[eHHH ny~IKa Ha MHLUeHb. YCTaHOBI<
nepea MHIneHbIO B CeKgHH CgIHTbIBaHHH Bb!paBHHBaioll et1 CeTKH Cnoco6CTByeT nC
BbnueHHlo pa3pe1uaIou of cnoco6HOCTH Ha Kpasx.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
BOJiee Ba)KHO ,ii,Jlsl yTleTa BJIH51HH51 MHLHeHH Ha pa3peluafQluylo
CnOCO6HOCTb cynepopTHKOHa paCCTIHTaTb npH 3aJ1aHHOM pacnpeAe-
JIeHHH 3apHA0B rJly6HHy nOTeHunaJIbHOro peJlbe(pa, nepenaR no-.
TeHgHaJIa MHiueHH Me)KJ.Ly ?CBeTJIbIMH" H ?TeMHbIM14" yqaCTKaMII
3JIeKTpOHHOI'O H306pa)KeHH5I. 3TOT nepena)i noTeHAHa.ia BJIHHeT
Ha CHrHaJI H3o6paxceHH51, HOCKOJIbKy TdacTb 3JIeKTPOHHOTO nyTlKa,
B03.I3palualoiuas1CSl Ha HepBbII3 AHHOA, npOMORyJIHpOBaxa nOTeH-
uHaJIbHbI M peJibe(poM MK-
IHeHH. L L
'nBATI Kn3(x1JnITHP_HToM
m - ~P ia, c IPAiw 6 1 I
iaKc () m t r-1 r-1 -1
rae f?.Itagc - HaH60JIbiuee
3HaTIexlle noTexuxana (xa-
npHMep, CooTBeTCTByIOIuee PHc. 8. K pacvezy noTeHI HaJla Ha noBepx-
HOCTH MHIHeHH
CBeTJIOMy yTIaCTKy OIITHLie- g-g-nAOCKOCTb CeTKH; 1-1-HnOCKOCTb OTpa)KCH11b1X"
CKOH MHpbI), a pMa,-HaH- 3aPcAOB, m-m-IIJIOCKOCTb MHIHCHH
Menbiuee. 3a HyJIb npHHHT
noTexunaJI 60JiblUoro ,HeocBeM1,eHHoro" yTiacTKa MHmeHH.
Btia noTexuHaJlbxoro peJlbe(I)a, Co3,aaHHOro KaKHM-JIH6o pac-
npeAeJieHHeM 3apsiAa Ha MAHIeHH, HeJIb35I OTO)KReCTBJISITb c 3JIeK-
TPOHHbIM 113o6paxcemieM *. Ua)Ke B cJiyTlae, KorRa MexcAy pa3JIHTI-
HbIMH y'iaCTKaMH MHuIeHH CylueCTByeT pe3KHli nepenaR HJIOTHOCTH
3apHRa, H3MexeHne nOTeHwI-IaJIa Me)Kly 3THMH yTIaCTKaMH 6yAeT
?OHHCbIBaTbCH HenpepblBHo I nJIaBHOi3 KpHB0I-I.
UIyCTb nJIOTHOCTb 3apua Ha MHiueHH q (x) H3MeHHeTC I TOJIbKO
.B,aOJIb OCH X (HanpHMep, MPH HPOeKTHPOBaHHH onTHTIeCKOI3 MHpbI),
COCT05IIueI3 H3 TiepliblX H 6e.ibix rIOJIOC. Tor,na nOTeHUHaJI Ha no-
BepXHOCTH MHIHeiIH p(x) 6yAeT OnHCbIBaTbCH (10,pMyJJOf, KOTOpasi
no iyTiaeTCSI H3 H3BeCTHOI (DOPMYJIbl AJIH JIorapHq)MHTIecRoro no-
TeHuHaiia 3apsl)KeHHOII HHTH, eCJIH nPOH3BCCTH HHTerpnpOBaHHe HO
HOBepXHOCTH MHHIeHH H no noBepXHOCTH, rte pacnoii03KeibI OT-
pa)KeHHble 3apHJ bl
(x-~)2+4d2 d
T (x)=2 fq(~)In I/
1E-xI
r,ue d-paccT051HHe Me)Kay nJIeHKOI3 H ceTKOH (pHc. 8).
(7)
* YKa3aHHeM Ha BaWHOCTb ytIeTa CBII3H Mex(Ay pacnpeAeneHHeM 3apsu oB
Ha MHIUeHH CyHepOpTHKOHa H IIOTeHuHanbHb1M penbe4 oM HpH aHanH3e pa6oTbl
)TON Tpy6KH aBTOp 06513aH B. A. repycy, paCCMOTpeBHIeMy nepenaR nOTeHiutana
-la npfMOJIHHe1IHOIi rpaHHue ?OCBelueHHoro" H HeOCBeujeHHOrO* ytiaCTKOB,
I TaKxce H3MeHeHHe noTeHuHanOB npH CiHTbIBaHHH coceRHeii CTpOKH.
16* 235
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
MP
,5
44
0,3
42
0
rAe f(~)= 2-LS 7ti In d~
0
nOJIOCKaMH Talco xce LIIHpHHbI, TO \1
m = [2f() 2d)]+[2f(2d)-f(2d)-f(2
)14...
f(2d)+If(2d) t(2d)]-I-If(2)-f(2d71
ECJIH pacnpe1aeJIeHHe 3apH,JOB Ha MHIIIeHH H,UeaJIbHO cooTBeT-
CTBOBaJIO 6bI H3o6pa)KeHHIO OHTHTiecKOII MHpbI, T. e. paBHOMepHO
3apH)KeHHble BOJIOCKH IHHpHHbI 6 T;epeAOBaJIHcb C He3apH)KeHHbIMH
44 0,8
2s In In (1+__)+2arctg].
~2 )
J
1,2 1,5 40
PHC. 9. Ko34J4HgHeHT MOJJ,yJIHI(HH"
IIQTeHUHaJIbHOrO penbe4 a Aim CJIyHaH
?H1[eaJlbHoro" 3JIeKTpoHH0ro H3o6pa-
)KeHHH MHpbI
(8)
Bma xapaKTepHCTHKH mcp (?)
dl
noxa3aH Ha pHC. 9. gJIH BeJIH-
TIHH 8, cpaBHHMbIX C pa3MepoM
3JIeMeHTa pa3JIo)KeHHH (KOrAa
OTHOLHeHHe d 6JIH3KO K eAH-
HHI(e), BeJIHTIHHa m. oxa3blBaeTC5I
nopHAKa HecKOJIbKHX aeCHTbIX.
B pea.IbHOM CJiyTiae I co)
ma
? a,cc=47rd(1- 2?) + maa (1_e a I ,
2rd
m1 -
T(m) =4Trd(1- 2Q1-mQa 1-e a
Afult
(18)
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
. EcJiii a< 21rd (MeJIKne AeTaJIH), no.iygaTCx ciieAyioiu e npn-
6JIA?KeHHble Bblpa)KeHH51 aJI51 ?KO3(p(pHuHeHTOB MO.I yJISILHH" m(?1)
Ii m("' noTeHuna ibHOro penbe(pa ,maxMaTHoro no.i i" H onTHTie-
CKOII MHpbI, COCTOSIIueH H3 nOJIOCOK,
(19)
21/2,,d (I 2 /
m(M'
m
2i,d(1- Q
2
I'13 (19) H (20) crleayeT, 'iTO
ml`Ur
w
m(-) 2
(20)
(21)
TaK, j[JIH olTHTIeCKof4 MHpbI C IHHpHHOI3 IIOJIOCOK, 000TBeTCT-
BYIOIuHX OTMeTKe ?600" HCnbITaTeJIbHOH Ta6JIHubI, m("') 6yAeT HMeTb
Talco i )Ke HOpHAOK, KaK npH TOM )Ice 3Ha'IeHHH M. BeJIH'IHHa m(W]
.LVIH ?inaxMaTHOrO nOJIH" CO CTOpOHOIi KBaApaTOB B V2 pa:
60Jibmmef1, T. e. COOTBeTCTByIOMHX npHMepHO OTMCTKe ?400" HCnbI-
TaTeJIbHOH Ta6JIHubI. Haao ylieCTb, 'ITO BCJIeACTBHe a6eppaunn
CeKuHH . H306pa)KeHH5I BeJIH'IHHa ma AJISI ,,maxMaTHoro n0J1Si" C(
CTOpOHOII KBaApaTa a 6yueT McHbine, qeM aiiii MHpbI, COCTaBJIeH
HOII 133 HOJIOCOK Taxof4 )Ke uIHpHHbI. MO%HO O)KHAaTb, 'ITO 3Ha
ileHHe pa3peulalolueH CIIOCO6HOCT14 Tpy6KH, onpeueJleHHOe n(
HCnbITaTeJIbHOII Ta6JIHue THna ?uiaxMaTHoro nOJISI", OKa)KeTCSI 3a
McTHO McHbiue, qeM TO, KOTOpOe onpeAeJIeHO HO MHpe, COCTOH
weft H3 HOJIOCOK. 9T0 Ref4CTBHTeJIbHO Ha6JIIOJ1aeTC5J Ha onbITe.
I4TaK, noTeHuHaJI Toro HJIH HHOro 9JIeMeHTa MHIUeHH cylueCT
BeHHO onpej[eJIHeTCSI He TOJIbKO 3apHJ[OM 9TOrO 9JIeMCHTa, HO
3ap1IAaMH, HaXOAHn1HMHCH Ha COCeAHHX y'aCTKax. C ApyroH CTC
pOHbI, 3JIeKTpOHHbII3 JIyLI, H3MCH5I51 3ap5l, Ha TOM HJIH HHOM 9JIE
MCHTe MHiueHH, H3MeH5ieT nOTeH11HaJI He TOJIbKO 9TOrO 9JICMeHTI
a
HO H noTeHuHa.I COCeRHHX y'aCTKOB. I-1eM McHbuIe OTHOIueHHe a
T. e. OTHOIICHHe pa3Mepa 9JIeMeHTa x paCCTOHHHIO MC)KAy CeTKC
H nJICHKOIi, TeM McHbule ,rJIy6HHa MO,cLyJIHUHH" nOTeHuHaJIbHO]
peJIbecpa H TeM MCHbule CHI'HaJI H3o6pa)KeHHR COOTBCTCTBYIOUZI
MCJIKHX AeTa.IeH.*
* OAHaKO Haao HMeTb B BHAY, 'ITO 3aBHCHM0CTb CHrHaJIa OT rJIy6HHbl r,
TeHuHaJIbHOro peJlbe(I)a CyIB;eCTBeHHO HeJIHHeHHa. fpsIMylo CBlI3b Me)KAY KpHB
MH AJISI m H 4aCTOTHOH XapaKTepHCTHKOu CeKUHH C'IHTbIBaHH I ;yCTaHOBHTb
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
OTCio, a cJlej.LyeT, LITO 9C[)(peIKHa
)bITb yBeJIHT3eHa, HanpHMep, c I1OMOIubIO CeKLHOHHPOBaHHR Ha-
IOTKH H BBeaeHHH aOHOJIHHTeJIbHOI'0 MarHHTonpOBo11a. B03paCTeT
:peAHee 3Ha'eHHe HanpR)KeHHOCTH MaFHHTHOrO H 3JIeKTpHT-1eCKOI'O
IOJIeI6, BCJIeACTBHe T3ero 0AHOBpeMeHHO yMeHbIHHTCR xpoMaTH'e-
KaR a6eppawHR H BJIHRHHe noliell pacceiHHR OTKIIOHRIOiueII CII-
TeMbI. HeKOTOpbIII BbIHFPbIIII B pa3peuiaiouleli cnoco6HOCTH MO)KeT
bITb noayT-IeH y)Ke npH CpaBHHTeJIbHO He60JIbIIIOM H3MeHeHHH
a6oTIei HOBePXHOCTH MHIIIeHH,-HanpHMep, eCJIH OT npe)KHero
BeJIHLIeHHR ceKn,HH nepeHoca (0,8-0,85) nepel3TH K e1LHHHTIHOMy
BeJIHIIeHHIO, C03AaB npaKTHTIeCKH OJ1HOP0,RHble HOJIR B CeKUHH
epeHoca. BO3MO>KHOCTH yJly4IIIeHI-II pa3pemlaiomeR CHOCO6HOCTH
I CT;eT yMeHbHIeHHH HOJleli paCCeHHHR OTKJIOHR OH ef! CHCTeMbI,
TaK ice 3a CYeT o6ecne'eHHR OpTOrOHaJIbHOCTH C'HTbIBaIou. er0
y4Ka K MHIIIeHH AOJI)KHbl 6bITb paCCMOTpeHbI OTAeJIbHO.
CyIueCTBeHHOe, B IHHpOKHX npeAeJlax, yJIyquleHHe nepeaa'II
eJIKHX aeTaiiefl HPH 3aAaHHOIt nOJIoce 'IaCTOT KanaJla CB513H
D)KeT 6bITb ROCTHrHyTO 3a CT.IeT yMeHbineHHR yrJia 3peHHR TeJIe-
I3140HHOI3 KaMepbT 3JIeMTPOHHOonTHgeCKHM McTO110M. ,LJIR 9TOro
!K11HR H3o6pax(eHHR CynepopTHKOHa AOJI)KHa 6bITb npeapaiuena
3JIeKTPOHHOOHTH'eCKyIo CHCTeMy c nepeMeHHbIM yBeJIHTIeHHeM H
3 nOBOPOTa H3o6pa)KeHHH.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
B 3aKJnogeHHe aBTOp Bblpa?KaeT IIpH3HaTe.IbHOCTb A. jj. Axce-
HOBOI3, B. 1-1. AxpeMueay, r. r. roHgapoBOK H M. r. MapKo-
BH11y, nPOBO1WB1IHM H3MepeHHI, H. B. ayHaeBCKOf H C. A. Uy-
KaHOBOI3, H3rOTOBHBIIIHM H HccJIeAOBaBHIHM ?KCnepHMeHTaJlbHble-.
Tpy6KH, a TaKwe B. D. BoHHITeATy H A. A. MOCTOBCKOMy 3a'
HOJIe3Hble COBeTb1 H o6CyxKAeHHe pe3yJIbTaTOB.
1. 0. S had e, JSMPTE", 1953, vol. 61, N2 2, p. 97.
2. H. d e V o r e, ?Proc. IRE", 1948, vol. 36, Ne 3, p. 335.
3. R. K e 11, G. S z i k 1 a i, RCA Rev.", 1946, vol. 7, p. 67.
4. R. B. Jane s, R. E. John son, R. S. Moore, RCA Rev.", 1949, parts
VI, vol. 10, N2 2, pp. 191-223.
5. G. Wendt, ?Ann. radioelectricite", 1955, vol. 10, N2 39, p. 74.
6. B. 9. BOHIITeAT, T. r. ,IJ.MHTpHeBa, 1HI.H.LI, yKKepMau, >KT(P,
1956, T. 26, cTp. 1968. .
7. A. R e i s z, Tele-Tech", 1952.
8. I. A. P bl 4) T H H, )KT(P, 1955, T. 25, Bbin. 12.
9. A. r. JI a n y K, H. H. U y K K e p m a H, ?TexHHKa TeJIeBui eH ni", 1955,
Bbin. 8 (14), CTp. 18.
10. r. B a T C o H, BecceJleBbl (pyHKILHH, H. HHOCTP. JIHTepaTypbl.
11. V. K. Z w o r y k i n, G. A. M o r t o n, Television, New York, 1953.
12. R. B r e t z, Technics of Television Production, New York, 1953.
13. H. B r u i n i n g, J. F r a n c k e n, Philips Techn. Rev.", 1953, vol. 14,
p. 327.
14. A. A. A K c e H 0 B a, 14. 14. L1 y K K e p m a u, ?TexHHKa TeJIeBHaeHHSI"
1955, Bbin. 6 (12), cTp. 3.
15. 14. 14. U y K K e p m a H, >KTq), 1955, T. 25, BbIn. 5, cTp. 950.
16. B. 3. B0HIHTeaT, H. B. ._[yiaenCKa51, TexHHKa TealeBHJeHHSI"
1956, Bbin. 19, cTp. 3.
CTaTbB nocTynuna 4/V 1956 r.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
E. H. 1KHTHHKOB, B. r. Ce3eHOB, B. H. AHum4)epOB. Cno-
co6bl nepeAa4H n,BeTOBON HH(4OpMagHH B COBMeCTHM011 CHCTeMe LBeTHOrO
TeaeBHAeHHA . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 3
H. H. K p a c H A b H H K 0 B. BJ1HHHHe 1-KOppeKIJ,HH Ha q)JIIOKTyalIHOH-
Hble [IlyMbl TeaeBH3HOHHOrO xalaaa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23,
B. B. K p y c c e p, H. K. M a a a x O B. OCHOBHbie CBOIiCTBa nepeAaio-
B.I.HX TeaeBH3HOHHbIX Tpy6OK C (4OTOnpOBOA1IuHMH MHmeH IMH . . . 4-I
H. r. M e a K 0 B a. K Bonpocy 0 pac'ere Ko34)4HuHeHTa HanpaBaeH-
Horo AeIiCTBHB allTeHH. . . . . . . . . . . . 56?
C. H. II H B 0 B a P 0 B. K TeopH11' CTa6HAH3aTOpa HanpHKCeHIIA C pa3He-
eHHI,IMH 06MOTKaMH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 67
10. H. C o p o K o. TIpHMeHeHHe TeOpHH n0A06HH K pac4eTy (peppope-
IOnaIICHOro CTa6HaH3aTOpa c nocaeAOBaTeabHOI eMKOCTbIO . . . . . . . . 82.
TEXHHKA TEJIEBH.gEHH51, Bbin. 21
13. C. 3 B e p A H 11. 0 BXOAHOM peaKTHBHOM collpoTHBaeHHH HeoAHO-
)OAHblx aHHHN C pacnpe)ieJ1eHHbIMH IOCTOBHHbIMH . . . . 94
B. M. 3 y c m a ii o B H 4. Koji opHMeTpH4ecKne HpHIII.LHI)bl pac4eTa COB-
deCTHMOFI CHCTeMbI uBeTHOrO TeaeBHAeHHg . . 10
B. M. 3ycMaHOBH4 H P. 51. BpyHoBa. OnpeAeaeHHe pa3Maxa
:nrHaaa npH KBaapaTypH011 MOAyJIHI(HH noaHecynlei B CHCTeMe I),BeTHoro
(eaeBHAe[HH . . . . . . 138
H. r1. T p H (PO H 0 B. TepM03AeKTpH4eCKHN BaTTMeTp 60AbIBON MOn(-
IOCTn )xe1LHMeTpOBOro AHana3oHa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
A. 51. 54 M H 0 A b C K H N. ABTOMaTH4eCKaH peryaupoBKa yCHAeHHA B Te-
eBH3HOHHbIX npHeMHHIKax . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
TEXHHKA TEJIEB14 EHI45J, Bbin. 22
H. cP. K y 3 a e B. McTOAHKa npeABapHTeabHON IOCTHpOBKH 06-beKTHBa
UI-1, npHMeHHeMorO ?B npOeKUHOHHOM npHeMHHKe c 3KpaHOM 3 X 4 M . . 178
K. B. M B x a a K 0 B, C. H. 3 e a e H C K H 4l. XapaKTepHCTHKH nepe-
a4H KOHTpaCTa TeaeBH3NOHHbIMH CHCTeMaMH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 186-
A. II. H e 4p e j b e B. Crioco6 H3MepeHHA CneKTpa myMOB, reHepHpye-
bIX nepeAalO1UHMH TeaeBH3HOHHbIMH Tpy6KaMH C RBYCTOpOHHef MHmeHb}o 203.
1'.. H. 0 A H 4) e p e H K 0. UHHaMH4ecKHe XapaKTepHCTHKH aBTOreHepa-
Opa nHA0o6pa3HOrO TOKa Ha KpHCTaaa10TpHOAe . . . . 213
H. H. U y K K e p m a H. 0 pa3pewaloH(e11 CH0c06HOCTH cynepOpTHKOHa 226.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
PedaKCyuoiliac KoAAezuz npocum tcumame-
Pteu npucbuzamb C8OU om3bcebt, 3ameuauuR U
noolcezaNuR no .Mamepuaiiam, ny6AuKyeMbtM
e c6optcuKe ?TeXliUKa me.2eeudeHuR".
YKaorcume Bautiy ga.MuAuwo, .,-cecmo pa6ombt,
doJW/CHOCmb.
dm3bcebt hanpaeJzRmb no adpecy: J1e/1uN-
2pad, /4-41, Mapcoeo no.ize, 1. J1. 0. roc3Kep-
zou3dama
MHHI4CTEPCTBO PARHOTEXHH4ECKON I1POMbILUJIEHHOCTH CCCP
BCECOI03HbII'I HAY4HO-kICCJIEAOBATEJIbCKHtI [7HCTI'ITYT
?TEXHHKA TEJIEBHAEHYISI", BbIH. 20-22
PeaaKTOp H. J(. XapumoHoe
TeXHHqeCKHi peaaKTOp A. A. 3a6poauna
Cam B npoH3B. 81XII 1956 r. !loan. K nevarn 26/111957 r. M 13117. 11e4. n. 15,
ByM. n. 7,75. Yq.-113A. A. 15. 60X921/,,. Tnpa>K 1000. 3aKa3 241
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Approved For Release 2010/04/07 : CIA-RDP80T00246A0457003800 11-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
MHHHCTEPCTBO PAnHOTEXHH4ECK0l !1POMb111IJ1EHHOCTH CCCP
BCECOIO3HbII 1 HAYgHO-MCCJ1EAOBATEJIbCK11 I'IHCTHTYT
TEXHHKA
TEAEBH EHH5
HAYLIHO-TEXHI1LIECKkIrI CBOPHHK
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
P ,I_(AKL(HOHHASI KOJIJIEI'HS1:
H. IT 3axapoe (OTB. peRaKTOp), H. A. A.2eK-
ceee, KaHl.[. TexH. HayK H. C. Beizxee, KaHR.
TexH. Hayx H. JI. BauzuK, I. C. BuAbdzpy6e,
A. B. Bopoxo8, H. K. Typeeu t, B. B. kIeatcoa,
B. M. JIeMxu-MaKedox, B. 17. MaxdpaIcu,
KaH,TL. (pH3.-mu. HayK I-. A. MOp030e (3aM.
OTB. peaaKTOpa), 3. M. I7empoaa, KaHR. TeXH.
Hayx C. 17. 17ueoeapo6, B. H. Capdbcxo
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
I H,1c. A. 17. Arizay3opoe
0 TPEXIIOTEHL[HAJIbHOM PE)KHME PABOTbI
HPI4EMHbIX TPYBOK THIIA l
B CTaTbe paCCMOTpeHbl npeAe.lbl npllMeHeiIJIH RByXIIOTeHuiiaJlbHoro pe-
7KHMa pa60TbI Tpy60K THna KeHHe Ka}KyuJeroc i ueHTpa OTKJIOHeHHH
3aBHCHT He TOJIbKO OT reoMeTpH4eCKHx H 3JIeKTPH4eCKHX napaMeT-
pOB, HO TaK>Ke H OT yrjia OTKJIOHeHHH. 3T0 03HagaeT, 4TO npH HO-
CTOHHHOM ware cpoKyCHpyloL1 of CeTKH war CJIe,L oB BJIeKTPOHHOrO
ny'-IKa He 6yJ[eT IOCTOHHHbIM. HanpHMep, eCJIH npH yBeJ1H4eHHH
yriia OTKJIOHeHHH yBeJIH'IHBaeTCH R3, TO war CJIe$OB 3JIeKTpOHHOPO
ny4Ka 6yAeT nOCTeneHHO yMeHbwaTbCH OT IjeHTpa 3KpaHa K Kpalo,
LITO, B LIaCTHOCTH, HMeeT McCTO npH aByXFIOTeHumaJIbHOM pe>KHMe,
KOrj(a Uc = Ugo. FIOCTOHHHbII'1 war cJleJioB 3JIeKTPOHHOro ny4Ka
Ha 3Kpal-le 6yJLeT c06J11oaaTbCH TOJIbKO TOraa, KorJ[a nOJiO>KeHHe
Ka>KyweroCH ueHTpa OTKJIOHeHHH He 6yAeT 3aBHCeTb OT yr,na OT-
KJIOHeHHH. 1-'13 (15) CJIeayeT, 4TO HpH 111aJ1bIX yriiax OTKJIOHeHHH
UOJIO>KeHHe Ka>KywerocH uel-ITpa MO>K1HO(C4HTaTb nOCTOHHHbIM.
eg -U-
+ go
2Ugo uc- + 16)
cxRo 0,5 R, dcg
+ 1
I.1pH yBe rvILieHHH yrJla OTKJIOHeHHH noJIo>iwnHC TO'IKH C.; iia-
L[HIIaeT Bce 6OJiee yJ1,aJIHTbCH OT TOro 3Ha'eHHH, KOTOPOe onpej>.e-
JIHe'rcH 4)opMyJlo1'1 (16).
OHTHMaJIbHbIM pe>KHMOm C TO4KH 3peHI1H yMeHbHIeHHH Heno-
CTOHHCTBa wara 6yJ1,eT TaKON pe>KHM, npH KOTOPOM pa3HOC'rb 3i1a-
4eHHR q)OPMyJI (15) H (16) 6blJla 6bI MHHHMaJIbHa. HpaKTH'IeCKH
R, > dcg, H Tor,ra c opMyJIy (15) M0>KHO nepenxcaTb B 6oiiee
FIp0CTOM BH ae
R3,-zz0,5R1[VM+tg`a,(M-1)-F A'?tg''aI(N-1)], (17)
M =Ugo N= U`L .
Lc Uc
Pa3JIO>KHB (17) B Mae pHJ(a no tg2a1 H coxpaHHH TOJIbKO RBa
R3 =R3 +o R3? 0,5 R1(1M + 1N) + 0,25R1 X
M-1 N-I )
(18
X (y= -E -~N) tg2a1
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
BTOpoi 'IJIeH o6paluaeTCH B HyJIb npH M = N , T. e.
Uc ~UaUga, (19)
LIeM H oFipe,L eJISIeTCSI ofTHMaJIbabII3 pe3KHM fPH HaJIHLIHH aOIIOJI-
HHTeJIbHOH ceTKH, 6JIH3K0 paCHOJIO}KeHHOl3 K 3KpaHy.
HcCJIe,ayeM Tenepb npoxo}KJeHHe LIepe3 3KpaHHb[H y3eJI 3JIeK-
TpOHHOrO JIytia, OTKJIOHeHIIOFO OJHOBpeMefiHO B JByX HanpaBJle-
HHAX. PaCCMOTpHM TPH 3JIeKTPOHHble TpaeKTOpHH Ha pHC. 3, rJe
1 - 3JIeKTpOHHblH JIyLI, OTKJIOHeHHbIIi Ha yrOJI aT B BJIOCKOCTII
XOY; 2 - HPOeKUHft Ha nJIOCKOCTb XOY TpaeKTOPHH JIy'Ia, OTKJIO-
HeHHOrO OJHOBPeMeHHO Ha yrOJ! al (B HanpaBJIeHHH OY) H Iia
yrOJI N (B HaHpaBJIeHHH OZ, T. e. BJOJib npOBOJIOT-IeK (poKycHpylo-
IueH CeTKH) ; 3- 3JIeKTPOHHbIH Jlyt[, OTKJIOHeHHbIfI B HJIOCKOCTH
XOY Ha YFOJI a,l TaK, LITO OPJHHaTa TOLIKH nepece'leHHB ero
C HJIOCKOCTb1O cpOKYCHPyloweF ceTKH TaKaH 3ice, KaK H y TpaeK-
TOPHH 2.
Pa3HOCTb OpJHHaT 6 TpaeKTOpHH 3 H 2 B UJIOCKOCTH 3KpaHa
H OnpeJei[fleT CreneHb HCKPHBJIeHHH ciie is 3JIeKTpOHHOI'O nyiKa.
HpH 6 > 0 HMeeM JHCTOPCHIO paCTpOBOrO 1430-
6pa6KeHHSI q)OKyCHpylolueH ceTKH; npH 6 < 0 - . TaKHM o6pa3oM, JJ[H KOJIHLIeCTBeHHOH OU.CHKH HCKPHBJIeHHH
CJ[eJa 3JIeKTPOHHO[O ny'IKa Ha 3KpaHe HaJO HaiTH
?y3-oy2, (20)
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
rAe ,y3 H ,y2 - pa3HOCTH Op1(HHaT TotIeK nepecetleHHSi rJIOCKOCTH
(IOKyCHpyloHiel'i CeTKFI H 3KPaHa ,II,JIH TpaeKTOpHi1 3 11 2.
YIIHTb1BaH, LITO
AyI Ay,,
(21)
oyl - Ay.,. (22)
Y4HTbIBa.9, ']TO tg2 7 = tg2 al?tg2 R, H HCHOJIb3yH 4)OpMyJly
(4) 143 [A. 1], LIOJIy4HM OKOH4aTeJIbHO?
2d g,, a [ 1
ga g t *rM -I- tg2 a1 (M-. 1) -}- YN + Ig2. a1 (N - 1)
1 (23)
'1/-M ? tg2 Y (M - 1) + Y N -1- tg21 (N - 1)
BCJIH BOCHOJIb3OBaTbc (JO1)MyJloii npH6JiH}KeHHoro H3BJIe ieHHH
KOpH I, TO H3 (23) fOJIy4HM yCJIOBHe, npH KOTOpOM 6=0, a
HMeHHO:
1
M= 71
Uc = Vu. Ug0. (19)
COBnaaeHHe OnTHMaJlbHbIX pe3KHMOB, npH KOTOpbIX 06ecne4H-
I3aeTC51, B O4HOM CJIy4ae, MHI{HMaJIbHOe HenOCTOAHCTBO H1ara
CJIe,gOB ny4Ka Ha 3KPaHe B 1JIOCKOCTH XOY H, B apyrOM CJIy4ae,
MHHHMaJIbHafl 4HCTOPCH5i paCTpOBOPO 113o6pa}KeHHH (pOKyCHpyfO-
I4eN CeTKH, He HBJI5IeTC9 CJIy4a1IHbIM. aeYiCTBHTeJIbHO, o6a 3THK
flBJIeHHA HPOHCXOJ FIT H3-3a OJlHOiI HpH4HHbl - 3aBHCHMOCTH 110JIO-
)KeHHB Ka?KyLueFOCF L[eHTpa OTKJIOI?IeHHB OT yriia OTKJIOHeHHfl.
B OnTHMaiIbHOM pe)i(HMe, onpeaeJiHeMOM .(19), KoJIe6aHH5i Ka}Ky-
ii eroCi L(eHTpa OTKJIOHeHHH BOKpyI' 3Ha4eHH2, onpeJ[eJlfleMoro (16),
MHHHMaJlbHbi.
t7~ 3. YCJIOBHSI (pOKyCHPOBKH
?eFCTBHe (~OKyCHPYK)MePO nOJISI UHJIHHApH4eCKO1i JIHH3bI, 06-
pa30BaHHOIi Me).Kay coceJ(HHMH np0BOJI04KaMH (pOKyCHpytoLue11
ceTKH, MO)KHO B nePBOM npH6JIH>KeHHH CBeCTH K aeIiCTBHIO e4H-
HH4HOFO HMnyJlbea, I-IanpaBJleHHorO B CTOPOHY OCH JIHH3bI nepneH-
JFIKyJ15ipHO BeKTOPY fOJIHOIi CKOPOCTH 3JteKTPOHa B FIJIOCKOCTH
CeTKH. BeJIFIglHa 3TOCO HMnyJIbCa nponopLI,HOHaJlbHa y,aJieHHIo
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
3JIeKTPOHa Dyg OT ueHTpa JIHH3bI H pa3HOCTH rpaAHeHTOB BOTeH-
LRHaJIa OAHOPOlHbIX noJIeH, paCfOJIO}KeHHbIX no o6e CTOpOHbI OT
(JoKycHpyloLUeH ceTKH (pIc.. 4): ll ll
~vt- m [\dUIR-(dz /LJ "vg (24)
r,ae v0 2 m Ugo - MrHOBeHHa1 nOJIHafl CKOPOCTb 3JIeK-
TpOHa B HJIOCKOCTH CeTKH;
(oU) _ Ua - Ugp(OU) Ugp - Uc
\dx dga dx L dcg
BepTHKaJIbHaf 14 rOpH30HTaJIbHa5i COCTaBJIHIOLLRHe HMnyJIbCa Avn
6y,uyT paBHbI
Avy = -,Vf COS CG2;
(25)
AV, = /AV, Sin a2. }
Bbl33a1-[Hoe HMnyJIbCOM AV, CMeLLReHHe 3JIeKTpOHHOFO Jly4a B HJ1O-
CKOCTH 3KpaHa 6y1ReT
Aya=Avg tga + vyo dtga, (26)
rue tga- BpeMH npoJIeTa 30HbI ceTKa - 3KpaH.
Onpe,Renlslsi COCTaBJ HIoLLRHe (26) McTOJRaMH, allaJIormgHbIM14
[11. 2], H yLIHTbIBaSI, '-ITO
oP ~ =,-Ay A yg
(27)
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
ITO.nyLiHM OKOILIaTejIbHO
U, _1 1 + [1+___][2cos2_-1+
o 14 `~Yx U"
Ux~
J sine a2 COS2 a2 Cost a2 U " - sln2 a2 1 (28)
T VUa -sinaa2 xo
Ugo
copMyJla (28), Bblpa}KalouiaR yCJIOBHSI (JOKyCHpOBKH nyLlKa na-
paJIJIeJIbHbIX JIy4ei3, BXO41IUHX B uHJIHHApHLIecKyIO JIHH3y fO.C(
yrJIOM K OCH, 5IBJ1HeTCH 6oJlee o6meK, LIeM BbIBeaeHHble aHaJIOrHLI-
HbIM nyTCM (JOPMyJIbl B [JT. 2] H [J1. 3], TaK KaK OHa n03BOJ15ie'r
OueHHTb pa3Mep HHTHa TaK}Ke H B TpexnOTeHLUlaJIbHOM pe}1{HMe.
UpH nepneHAHKyJISIpHOM npoxo>KAeHHH nyLlKa 3JIeKTpOHOB
Liepe3 9KpaHHbl y3e.1 (a2=0) H3 (28) MO)KHO flOJIyLIHTb KaK
LIaCTHbIN CJIyLIail
)
oyg = 1?L1+ Uao-1 dgg1- Ugo_ ' (29
11
{cM. [A. 4], (D-JIa (19)).
17oJlarasl B (29) p = 0, noJIyLIHM cOOTIIOHIeHHe nOTeHUHaJ1OB
3JIeKTpO,gOB, COOTBeTCTByIOIuee yCJIOBHIO (jOKyCHpOBKH napaK-
cHaJIbHoro nyLlKa 3JIeKTpOHOB B UHJIHHApHLIeCKOH JIHH3e:
Ua = 1 + 9 V--;( (30)
Ugoo
Ha pHC. 5 nOKa3aH rpa(pHK (pyHKUHH (30) npH pa3JIHLiHbIX 311aLie-
dga
HHHX napaMeTpa dcg
ECJIH deg -* 0, TO
g
TaKHM 06pa3OM, npH OTCVTCTBHH aonOJIHHTeJlbllOft CeTKH H3-
McHeHHe nOTeHuHaJIa 060JIOLIKH KOJ16bI U, B IHHPOKHX npeAeJlaX He
Bb13bHBaeT CyMeCTBeHHOI3 J1?e(~OKyCHpOBKH nyLIKa, ecJIH Ugo = 4 U.
Ha pHC. 5 npHBeAeHbl TaK}Ke AaHHble 3KCnepHMeHTOB Ha ABYX Tpy6-
KaX, OAHa H3 KOTOpbIX ?HMeeT ,LIOHOJIHHTeJlbHylo ceTKy, B ApVrOii
3Ta CeTKa OTCyTCTByeT.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Ha pHc. 6 J aHbI KpHBble, Bblpa)aIOLU14e g COOTBOCTSHH c (28)
. egbOKyCHpOBKy HygKa npH OTKJIOHeHHH OT ueHTpa 3KpaHa K KpaIO
d =0085
09
0,2
05
x
x
1,4000
o-2
-q30
-0,20
-0,10
/,40
P/dyg
npH 1 Byx 3HageHHRx napaMeTpa Ugo = 3 H U. = 4. MI'3 pHc. 6
BHJLHO, LITO OTHOCHTeJIbHax Jje((OKyCHpOBKa nHTHa npH OTKJIOHe-
HHH BeCbMa He3Ha'-IHTeJIbHa.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
4. 3aBHCMMOCTb wars CJIeL OB nyylta OT n6TeHI(NaJIbH0ro
pe)KHMa
Hpejl,n0Jlo>KHM, 'ITO napaMeTpbl Tpy6KH (yrOJI OTKJIOHeHHSi H
dga- ) Bb16paHbl TaKHM o6pa3oM, 'ITO HenOCTOSIHCTBOM Iuara
a
B 1)a3JIHtIHbIX ytiaCTKaX 9KpaHa MO)KHO npeHe6petlb Ra>Ke B j(ByX-
nOTeHLjHaJIbHOM pe)KHMe. IIpH TaKHX YCJIOBH5IX OCHOBHON HHTepeC
npej{CTaBJIReT 3aBHCHMOCTb Mara CJIej[OB nytIKa B ueHTpaJIbHOI[
30He 3KpaHa (h) OT noTeHwlaJIbHOrO pe)KHMa, T. e. BO3MO)KHOCTb
KOMnencauHH 0TKJIOHeHH]1 OT HOMHHaJIbHOrO luara np0BOJIO4eK
(JoKyCHpylouJec CeTKH (a) HJIH Mara 3JIeMeHTOB 3Kpaxa (c) .
Mar CJIeaOB nytlKa B ijeHTpaJIbHOIi 30He 3KpaHa OnpeaeJi5ieTC51
(1 OPMYJ1OI1
h=a ( 1 -I- R dga
.
(31)
rlOaCTaBJI515I B (31) 3HatieHHe R3 H3 (16) H
cJJOKyCHpOBKH (30), noJiytlHM
4 dga z
h=a 1 + w - (32)
1 + dcg z - 1 3 -I- j//-9 - 4 da (z2-1))
( RI z -{- 1) ( deg
raez=VUe.
Ugo
H3 (32) cJleayeT, tITO, McH51H COOTHOH1eHHe nOTeHuHaJIOB 3JIeK-
TPOROB Tpy6KH, MO)KHO H3M2HSITb mar c iej[OB'9JIeKTPOHHOFO nytiKa
Ha 3KpaHe, He Hapyiua5i YCJIOBHh (JOKYCHpOBKH nytiKa.
Ha pnc. 7 rpaq)HtiecKH H3o6pa)Kena (4YHKL[HH (32) np1 pa3-
JIHtIHbIX 3Ha4eHHHX napaMeTpa deg. 1'13 pHCYHKa BHJ[HO, 4T0 HpH-
paI1ie~HHe Luara h npHMePH0 nponopUHOHaJIbHO npIpaH. eHH1o
z= Y Uc J43MeHeHHe Luara h nocpej(CTBOM H3MeHeHHS1 z 6yj(eT
U90
TeM 344eITHBHee, 4eM 6JIH)Ke K 9KpaHy pacno.lo)KeHa AonoJ1-
HHTeJ1bHa5I ceTKa.
1-lpejjeJlbl pery.nHpOBaHH51 Luara noa6opoM nOTeHL1.HaJIOB Onpe-
j[eJI5iIOTC51 J.);OnyCTHMhIMH npej[emmaMH H3MeHeHHH OTHOHIeHHII fOTeH-
UHHJIOB U cc , a HMeHHO:
U90
, HMejoLuHX IUTpHXOBOII 3KpaH C nOCTOSIHHbIM
ularoM O,IZHOUBeTHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB, onpeJ>;eJiRIOTCH HeOOCTOSIHCTBOM
Mara cJieaOB 3JIeKTpOHHOrO ny'iKa I-Ia pa3JIH'HbIX yLIaCTKax 3KpaHa.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
TO orpaliH9HBaeT 06LLHI4 yroJi oTKJIOHeHHl 7. H napaMeTpg"
a
npH nepexoae K TpexnOTeHuHaJIbFIOMy pe>Kitmy HerIOCTOAHCTBO
tiara cJ1eAOB ny4Ka Ha 3KpaHe yMeHbI laeTCn, AOCTHran MHHHMyMa
npH U, = {`UIUUo-
H3MeHnA nOTeHuuajlbl 3J1eKTpOJ(OB, MOx{HO, tie Hapyluan yCJIO-
BH4I LpOKyCHpOBKti, peryJIHpOBaTb mar CJIeAOB nyllKa Ha 3KpaHe
B npeReJIax OKOJIO oaHOro npoueHTa Iuara CpoKyCHpyIO!.UeH ceTKII'
npH HaJIHtIHli JI,OnO.TIHHTeJIbHOLI CeTKH, 6JIH3KO pacno,Tlo>KeHHOIt
K 3KpaHy.
I. A. I-I. A H r a 4)o p o B. HccJ1eAoBatnie pa3ueJ1eHH2 UBeTOB B OaHo-
r.y4eBOH ^p{ieMHON Tpy6Ke Tuna . >, 1956,
Bun. 18, CTp. 3 - 29.
2. J. Lafferty. Beam deflection color television picture tubes. ?Proc.
IRE', 1954, vol. 42, No 10, pp. 1478 -- 1495.
3. C. P. Carpenter, C. W. Helstrom, A. E. Anderson. An
analisis of focusing and deflection in the post-deflection-focus color kines-
cope. ?IRE Trans.", ED, 1955, vol. 2, No .4, pp. 1 - 7.
4. M. E. A m d u r s k y, R. G. Pohe, C. S. SzegIt o. A new high
efficiently parallax mask color tube. Proc. IRE 1955, vol. 43, No 8,
pp, 936-943.
2 TeXHHKa TeneBHUHHu, 24.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Kanauaambl mexH. HayK ii. A. ATA,L KAHOB
u K. K. ,QEPKA y
I1PEOBPA3OBAHHE COOTHOWEHHSI SIPKOCTEH
C1O}KETA B BHZ[EOCHFHAJ1 HEPEJ.MAIOWHMH
TEJIEBH3HOHHbIMH TPYBKAMH
B cTaTbe onHCaH cnoco6 nOCTpoeHHH CneuHaJIbHbIX HcnblTaTeJlbHbIx Ta6-
JIHu, MCTOAHKa CHHTHSI CBeTOBbIX XapaKTepHCTHK nepeAaloluHx Tpy6oK A.RH
CIO)KeTOB C MaJION KOHTpaCTHOCTbIO, IIpHBCAeHbI pe3yJIbTaTbl H3MepeHHli.
BBerLeHHe
OAHOIi H3 OCHOBHbIX XapaKTepHCTHK TeJIeBH3HOHHbIX CHCTeM
HBJIAeTCH HX CnO006HOCTb npaBHJIbHO BOCnpOH3BOAHTb 000THoLue-
HH5I ApKOCTeci nepeAaBaeMoro Clo}KeTa.
flo,ao6Hble XapaKTepHCTHKH aOCTaTOLIHO r.ny6oxo H3y ieHbI
B ()oTOrpa(THH [JI. 1] H B 4)oTOTeJlerpa(pHH [JI. 2]. I'IccJIe)IOBaHHIO
yKa3aHHbIX XapaKTepHCTHK TeJIeBH3HOHHbIX CHCTeM nOCBSILueH
TaK Ke p u pa6oT [JI. 3, 4, 5 H Ap?]? OAHaxo H3-3a CJIO>KHOCTH 411-
3HLIeCKHX npOueCCOB B nepeuaiOuiux Tpy6Kax 3TH xapaKTepHCTHKH
TeJIeBH3HOHHbIX CHCTeM H3yLIeHbI eiue HeAOCTaTOLIHO. Heo6xo,i-
MOCTb H3y4eHHSI HX oLIeBHAHa H3 cJIe,yIoIgux coo6pa}KeHHi7:
1. IIepeAaBaeMbie CIO}KeTbI MoryT coaep}KaTb y'- aCTK13 C Ca-
MbIMH pa3JIHLIHbIMH 3Ha4eHH5]MH SIpKOCTeII, a cJIeAOBaTeJIbHO, H
OrpOMHoe LIHCJIO IIOJIYTOHOB. Pa3JIHqHbIM MO}KeT 6bITb H COOTHO-
ffieHHe nJIo uaAeli SIPKHX H TeMHbIX yLIaCTKOB. F103TOMy H3yLIeHHe
Bo3MO)KHOCTei4 nepeAaLIH H BOCnpOH3BeAeHH51 pa3JIHLIHbIX CIO]KeTOB
TeJIeBH3HOHHbIMH CpeACTBaMH SIBJISieTCH Ba}KHbIM KaK AJIH XyAO-
)KeCTBeHHOro BeuJaHHSI, TaK H Aim ApyrHX ueJlea.
2. B pxAe CJIyLiaeB MoryT nepeaaBaTbcu CIO}KeTbI, HMeloIuBe
HH3KY10 KOHTpaCTHOCTb, n03TOMY npeACTaBJIAeT 3HaLIHTeJIbHbIH
HHTepec onpeAeJien e 3aBHCHMOCTH BbIXOAHOI'O CHrHaiia C Tpy6KH
OT KOHTpaCTHOCTH clo}KeTa. 9TO HeO6X0AHMO Aim npaBHJIbHOro
HpOeKTHpOBaHHSH BHAeoy0HJIHTeJIen.
3. 1-1acTpONKa TeJIeBH3HOHHbIX np1eMHHKOB H ApyrHX TeJieBH-
3HOHHbIX yCTaHOBOK no rpaAaLHOHHbIM CTyneHAM HCnbITaTeJIbHbIX
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
O
Ta6J1Iw, KOHTpaCTHOCTb' KOTOpblx cy'mec'rBeHHO npeBhIwaeT 50 : I
Ha IJOJIYTOHOBOM KJIHHe, Bbl3bIBaeT 3aTpyJHeHHn, TaK KaK B TaKOM
CJIyLIae LIaCTb nOJIYTOHOB Ta6JIH1 b1 MO)KeT He BOCBPOH3BOaIITbCS1
nepeJ[aIOLUHMH Tpy6KaMH. 1103TOMy Ba)KHO YCTaHOBHTb HHTepBBJI
51pKOCTeiI HCnbITaTeJIbHb1X Ta6JIHU, B KOTOPOM J[OJI)KI-Ibl pa3Me-
LR TbC51 Bce I'par aLwHOHHb[e CTyneHH.
4. Ba}KHO TBK)Ke 3HaTb, KaK H3MeHHeTC9 L1yBCTBI1TeJIbHOCTb
Tpy60K npH nepej aqe CLI,eH C pa3JIHLIHOII KOHTpaCTHOCTblO.
-ITO6bi npaBHJIbHO nOJLOi)ITH K peLHeH1410 nOCTaBJIeHHbIX BonpO-
COB, Heo6xoaHMo npoaecTH 60JIbIIIyIO 9KCnepIl.MeHTaJIbHO-TeopeTH-
L[eCKyK) pa60Ty. HaH6oJlee cepbe3HOII LIaCTbio ee J1,oJ!)KHO 1BHTbC,1
HcciieAoBaHHe nepe4alOLuHx Tpy6oK. 3TOMY H noCBnu exa HaCTOA-
ukaSl CTaTbH.
1. HcnbITaTeJlbHble Ta6JIHL(bI
AJIH BbIHCHeHHB OCO6eHHOCTef'i pa6OTbI nepeAaIOLLjHX Tpy6oK
npH nepeaa'le cJo)KeTOB C pa3JIH11HOI7 KOHTpaCTHOCTbIO MO}KHO
OI'paHHLIHTbCB Ha6opoM nPOCTbIX HCnbITaTeJIbl-IbIX Ta6JIHl1, Ho-
CTpOeHHbIX no CJiegyioweMy npHHUHny: CBeTJIbIIi KBaapaT Ha TeM-
}IOM CjOHe (pHC. 1, a) H TeMI-IbIIi KBa,paT Ha CBeTJIOM (])OHe
(I)HC. 1, 6).
AJISI I I3rOTOBJIeHHSI IICnbITBTeJIbHbIX aHanO3HTHBOB (pHC. 1, a)
MO)KHO BOCnOJIb3oBaTbC51 OTpe3KaMH KHHOnJIeHKH C paBHOMepHO-tI
3aJ1,aHHOII IJIOTHOCTbIO no BCeMy no.aio. B IjeHTpe gHanO3HTHBa
nyaHCOHOM Bb16HBaeTCq KBaapaTHOe OTBepCTHe, pa3Mepbl KOTO-
pOI'O Bb16paHbI HCXOJ[SI H3 yao6CTBa H3Mepe1-IHS[ CHPHajia c nepe-
J(aK)u1,eLI Tpy6KH, a TaK)Ke npH YCJIOBM14 OTCyTCTBH51 anePTYPHbIX
HCKa)KeHHIi. OLIeBHJ FIO, LITO LIBCTb gHan03HTHBa, B KOTOp0ii npo-
J((.,JIaHO OTBepCTHe, HMeeT npO3paLIHOCTb P-1. 17p03pa1IHOCTb
OCTaJIbHOI1 LIaCTI1 AHan03HTHBa (4)oHa) P 6yAeT OnpeJ J1F1TbCH
or[THLIeCKOIi fJIOTHOCTbIO HCxoj noro MaTepnaJla. Apyrie aHano-
3HTHBbI (pHC. 1, 6) Mo1'yT 6b[Tb H3I'OTOBJIeHbI H3 OTpe3KOB Tex )Ke
KHHOnJIeHOK, 3aKpenJleHHbIX Me)Kay JLBYM5I np03pa4HbIMH CTeK-
JIaMH.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
fpHMeH5r5I nJIeHKH C pa3JIH4HOI%I onTHTIecKOH IIJIOTHOCTbIO,
MO)KHO noJIytIHTb Ha6op Tex H ApyFHX HCnbITaTeJIbHbIX AHan03HTH-
BOB C KOHTpaCTHOCTb1O Q = P2 , H3MeHSIK.I,eICfl B OlIeHb LHHPOKHX
npeAeJiaX--OT eAHHHUbI H, npaKTH9eCKH, AO 6eCKOHe4HOCTH (Ha-
npHMep, npH HCHOJIb3OBaHHH Henp03pagHOfi 1JIeHKH HJIH tlePHOH
c)oTo6yMarH),.
PacnoJiara5l TaKHM Ha60pOM q)OTOMeTpHpOBaHHbIX HCnbITaTeJlh-
HbIX aHan03HTHBOB, MOWHO B JIa6OpaTOpHbIX YCJIOBHRX HMHTHpO-
BaTb JIK)60H OAHHOLIIIbIH o6'beKT (Him rpynny 06beKTOB C OAHHa-
KOBOH SIpKOCTbIO) Ha 3aJ[aHHOM (pOHe.
2. CBeTOBble XapaKTepHCTHKH
CBeTOBaI XapaKTepHCTHKa - 3aBHCHMOCTb pa3MaXa CHPHa,na
OT OCBeLL[eHHOCTH Ha (1OTOKaTOJje - HBJ15ieTCH Ba)KHeIIIIeu XapaK-
TepHCTHKOH nepeAalouiec Tpy6KH. O6bIgHo CBeTOBble XapaKTepH-
CTHKH CHHMaIOTCH Ha CneH,HaJIbHbIX TeJIeBH3HOHHbIX YCTaHOBKBX
npH npoeKTHpOBaHHH Ha (1JoTOKaTOJ( HCnbITaTeJIbHOH Ta6JIHIJbI 0249,
KOHTpaCTHOCTb KOTOpOH OLIeHb BeJIHKa H TIaCTO AOCTHraeT 3HaTIe-
HHH 200 H 6ojiee.
OAHaKO TaKOH McTOJ[ CHHTHSI CBeTOBbIX XapaKTepHCTHK JI,aeT
HenOJIHOe npejCTaBJIeHHe 0 B03MO)KHOCTHX nepeAalowei Tpy6KH,
OCO6eHHO HpH BOCHpOH3BeaeHHH MaJIOKOHTpaCTHbIX clo)KeTOB.
BocnOJlb3oBaBIHHCb BbIHIeonHcaHHbIMH HCHbITaTeJIbHbIMH AHanO-
3HTHBaMH, MO)KHO CHHT'b CeMe'CTBO CTaTHIeCKI4X CBeTOBbIX XapaK-
TepHCTHK Tpy6KH HpH npOeKTHPOBaHHH Ha (JOTOKaTOJ( cio)KeTOB
C pa3JI14'-IHOH KOHTpaCTHOCTbIO.
CeMefCTBO CBeTOBbIX XpaKTepHCTHK Tpy6KH THna cynepHKOHO-
CKOH, CHSITbIX 3KcnepnMeHTaJIbHO, npHBeJ[eHO Ha pxc. 2. KaK H
CJieAOBajio o>KHAam, C yBeJIHYeHHeM KOHTpaCTHOCTH AHan03HTHBa
BbIXOAHOH cmrHaJI C Tpy6KH paCTeT CHai-Ia.Ia 6bICTpO, a 3aTeM BCe
McAJieHHee. HacbIuJeHHe CBeTOBbIX XapaKTepHCTHK npH HOHH]KeH-
HbIX KOHTpaCTHOCTHX AHaHO3HTHBOB HaCTynaeT npH McHbIHHX
OCBeu&eHHOCTHX.
Ha pHc. 3 npHBeAeHa 3aBHCHMOCTb BbIXOAHOFO CHrHaJla Tpy6KH
CynepHKOHOCKO[ OT KOHTpaCTHOCTH H3o6pa>Ke1IH51 Ha (JOTOKaToae
npH nOCTOIHHbIX OCBeweHHOCTHX CBeTJIOI'O fOJIH. 3Jlecb OCO6eHHO
XOPOLIIO BHAHO, TO pOCT BbIXOaHOI.O CHrHaJla pe3KO 3aMeAJIAeTC5I
npH KOHTpaCTHOCTH OHTHLIeCKOFO H3o6pa)KeHH5I Ha ()OTOqyBCTBH-
TeJIbIIOH nOBePXHOCTH 6oJIbIIIe 25-30. BTO 06'bHCHHeTC51 TeM, TO
npH TaKHX 3HaLIeHHHX KOHTpaCTHOCTH OCBeLueHHOCTb B TeMHbIX
yLIaCTKaX H306paxceHHH CTaHOBHTC% HaCTOJIbKO MaJIa, TO He BbI-
3bIBaeT 3aMeTHOrO nOBbIIUeHHH nOTeHH,HaJia (3apHJZa) MHLHeHH.
DTO O6CTOITeJIbCTBO Heo6XOAHMO y4IHTbIBaTb npH nOCTpoeHHH
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 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
HCnhITaT'eJIbHbIX Ta6JIHU, oco6eHHo rpaj(aI[HOHHbIX nOJIef, KOHT-
paCTHOCTb KOTOPbIX He J1oJDKHa npeBblUiaTb 3Ha'-IeHH5I Q = 25=30.
npHHSIB np03pagHOCTb )&Hano3HTHBHOI3 Ta6JIHIjbI B CBeTJIOM
P.uaKC = 0,75, JIerKO onpe)jeJIHTb npo3pa'IHOCTb B TeMHOM:
P,,,axc 0,75 = 0 03.
PM,, = Q = 25 ,
A.HaJIorH'IHble BbIBOJI,bI pacnpOCTpaHSIK)TCSI H Ha HaTYpHble HCnbI-
TaTeJIbHble Ta6JIHUbI, KOHTpaCTHOCTb KOTOpbIX MO)KeT 6bITb BbI-
pa)KeHa OTHOUIeHHeM K03(4.)4JHuHeHTOB OTpa)KeHHH Ha CBeT.JIOM
(r1) H TeMHOM (r2).
C YMeHbUIeHHeM KOHTpaCTHOCTH HaCb1I4 HHe CBeTOBb1X XapaK-
TepHCTHK npOHCXOJjHT I7pH McHbUJHX OCBeu eHHOCTHX. npaKTH'IC-
PHC. 2
1) Q = 1,56; 2) Q = 2,85; 3) Q = 6,65; 4) Q = 11,1;
5) Q = 25; 6) Q = 33,4; 7) Q = 83; 8) Q = o0
cicoro 3Ha'eHHA 3TOT 3(p(peKT He HMeeT, OJ,HaKO Haji,o OTMeTHTb,
IITO npH npaBHJIbH014 YCTaHOBKe OCBenjeHHOCTH Ha 4)OTO1(aTOjle
Tpy6KH no CK))KeTY C BbICOKOh KOHTpaCTHOCTb}O OCBeMeHHOCTb
MO)KeT He perYJIHPOBaTbCSI H OCTaBaTbCH Heu3MeHIIOII npH nepe-
,aaqe cio>KeTa C nOHI3)KeHHO1I KOHTpaCTHOCTbIO.
TaKHM 06pa3oM, OnTHMaJIbHaSi OCBeuLI,eHHOCTb (JOTOKaTOJja He
3aBHCHT OT KOHTpaCTHOCTH nepeaaBaeM01i cueHbI 11 OCTaeTCSI npaK-
TH'-IeCKH nOCTOHHHO1I npH nepejla4e JIio6oi'o C)O)KeTa.
3aBHCHMOCTb CHrHaJIa OT KOHTpaCTHOCTH Ta6JIHIjbI, npeJlCTaB-
JIeHHaH Ha p1lc. 3, noKa3bIBaeT, 'ITO npH KOHTpaCTHOCTH CUeHbl
HH>Ke 25 BeJIHgHHa CHrHaiia npH TOM )Ke OCBemeHHOCTH naaaeT
npHMepHO- JIHHeiHO. KOHTpaCTHOCTb 60JIbIIIHHCTBa nepe,gaBaeMbIX
CueH o6bIqi-Ip JIe)KHT B npeJjeJIax 6-10. BbIXOj(HOII CHrHaJI Tpybl r2, H geJIaR HeCJIO}KHble npeo6pa3OBaHH5I,
MO}KHO HaFITH Bblpa}KeHHH ,D,JIH LIHCJIa HOJIYTOHOB (m) nPH 3aAaH-
IIPHBOAHM fOJIHbIR BbIBOJ[ (lOpMyJIbI aJI51 LIHCJIa nOJIYTOHOB m,
TaK KaK allaJIOrHtgH-Ible Bblpa}KeHHH, aaBaeMble B JIHTepaType, He
TOLIHbI:
r,-r2
r = Ko; r2=r1 (1 - Ko);
r3=r2(1-Ko) =r1(1-K0)0;
rm=rl(1-Kp m-s
HpH 3aAaHHOM LiHcjIe m
rriurt = r."raKC L1 - KO)
1g r-"f""~= (m-1)Ig(1 -K9);
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
lgr ,
M:=1 + rstaKc
1g)
EcJiH, HanpHMep, m = 10, a r.1taKC = 25, TO Onpe, eJ1eHHOe HQ
rl,arc
npHBeJjeHHou 4JopMy.ne Ko = 0,3.
BbIBOJ1,bI
1-1puBeaeHHble BbIHIe XapaKTepHCTHKH, a TaK>Ke npOBeaeHHbI1'l
aHaJIH3 C yLIeTOM TOr'O, LITO OJjHHM H3 OCHOBHbIX 3JIeMeHTOB TeJIeBH-
3HOHHOIi CHCTeMbI, orpaHH'IHBaIOIJIHM HelCKa)KeHHylo nepejja'ly CO-
OTH01JJ HH5i HpKOCTeu nepeaaBaeMbIX o6beKTOB, HBJIIIeTC51 nepe?-
4a}ou.[a51 Tpy61(a, n03BOJI5110T CJ1,eJIaTb cjiejjyio i we BbIBOJjbI:
1. TeJIeBH3H0HHble nepeaaloluHe Tpy6KH CHOCO6HbI nepeaaBaTb
6e3 cymeCTBeHHb1X HCKa>KeuHI4 orpaHHL1eHHOe COOTHOHieHHe
5IpKOCTe1, HHTepBaJl KOTOpbIX Ha nepeaaBaeMOM Clo>KeTe orpaHH-
LIHBaeTC51 3Ha4eHHeM Q = 25 - - 30. OveBHaHO, LITO nepeaaLla cio-
>KeTa C noBbIHIeHH0n KOH'rpaCTHOCTbIO 6yaeT COnpOBO>KjjaTbC5i
60JIbWIHMH HCKa>KeHHHMH.
2. rlpH npOeKTHpOBaHHH TeJIeBH3H0HHbIX KaMepHbIX yCHJIHTeJIeI1
HY>KHO y' HTbIBaTb B03MO>KHOCTH nepeaaLl i CIO>KeTOB C nOHH>KeH-
HO1 KOHTpaCTHOCTbIO. Pa3MaX BbIXOJ1,HOr0 CHrHaiia Tpy6KH B 3THX
YCJIOBH51X MO>KeT OKa3aTbC51 B }ieCKOJ1bKO pa3 HH>Ke HOMHHaJIbnoro.
3. Hai60Jlee OIITHMaJIbHbIMH nOJ1yTOHOBb1MH Ta6JHHIjaMH ciie-
jl.yeT nPH3HaTb CTyneHLiaTble KJIHHbII, MaKCHMaJIbHbIH KOHTpaCT
KOTOpb1X JIe>KHT B npeaeJiax 25-30.
4. OnTHMaJIbHa51 OCBeHjeHHOCTb 4)OTOKaTOJja npH nepeaa ie
pa3Hoo6pa3HbIX HO KOHTpaCTHOCTH CIO)KeTOB npaKTHLIeCKH OCTaeTCH
HeH3MeHHO11.
1. B. A. R IH T 0 JI J[ - F 0 B 0 p K 0. PyKOBOACTBO 110 (~oTorpacpHH. Foc-
KHHOH3AaT, 1951.
2. E. JI. 0 p J1 0 B C K H Ii, B. (D. (P c a 0 1) u e B. Kypc q)OTOTenerpa-
cJHH. JI., 1955.
3. P. A. Ii1 T p o M 6 e p r, 1-IeJIHHeSHble HCKa H{eHFIH B TCJ1eBHJIeHHH.
T I3CT, 1939, Ns 2.
4. B. B. 0 A H o JI b K 0. IIccJICAOBaHHe I aKTOpo6, BJIHHIOIUHX Ha Ka-
lecTB0 TCJ1eBI1311OHHbIX H3o6pa)KeHHN (KOHTpacTHble IiCKa)KCHH11 11 HX KOppeO-
uliH). KaFIJj.iizjaTCKaa Jiiccej)TauHs, J131'IC, 1950.
5. A. M. X a ji q) H H. OCHOBbI TeJICBII3HOHHON TeXHHKH. , 1955.
4 TaTbH nocTyHllna 4/VII 1956 r,
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
KaHO. mexx. HaayK H. H. KPACH.17MI KOB
AHAJI143 CXEM TEJIEBH3HOHHbIX HPEJLBAPHTEJ1bHbIX
YCHJIHTEJIEII C Y'ETOM CTPYKTYPbI
4)JIYKTYAL[HOHHOFO WYMA
B CTaTbe paccMOTpeH paA CXeM l lpe4BapuTe.lbHbIX yCNJ1HTeJleti C yieTOM
CTpyKTypbl C03AaBaeMoro HMH myna. Ha OCH013aHHn HpOBeAeHHbIX ncc.neAOBa-
HHN nOKa3aHO, 4T0 nyTeM yCOBepwenCTBOBaHIiH TOJIbKO CXeMbI yCHJIHTeJIB He-
B03MO)KHO 3aMeTHO CHH31ITb ypOBeHb BliaHMOI'O wyMa nepeAalou(eN TeJ1eB13-
3HOHHOH KaMepbl. AJIA yMenbwemm ypOBH5 BHAHMOFO ulyMa Heo6XOAuMO,
Hapslay C yCOBepweIlCTBOBa)lHeM CXeMbI yCIIJIHTCJHT, CI:H)KaTb IHyM nepeAato-
11(eI9 Tpy6KH H yBeJI1141IBaTb ee Harpy304HOe COn1OT]IBJIeHne.
B HaCTOALLIee BpeMF H3 J1HTepaTypbl N3BeCTHO `ormcaHLIe L e-
Jloro pflaa CXeM npeABapHTeJIbHbIX yCHJIHTeJIeI, npeAHa3HatleHl-Iblx
AIJUI yCNJ1eHH I CJIa6bIX BHAeocHfHaJIOB, KOTOpble HOJlytlaIOTC5 Ha
BbIxoAe nepeaa]oluHX TeJ1eBH3HOHHbIX TPy60K, He HMetoLuHX BTO-
pH'IH03J1eKTpOHHbIX yMHO}KHTeJIeII. OCHOBHOR 3a aa'ieF'I 3THX yCH-
JIHTeJleN flBJIfleTCF yCNJIeF-me BHAeOCHCHaJIa C BO3MO)KHO McHbulHM
YPOBHeM (pJIYKTYaLLHOHHbIX LByMOB.
ueJIbIO HaCTOflmeH pa6o'rbl HBJIfleTCH HccjIeaoI3aHHe HaH6oJlee
pacnpoCTpal-teHHblx CXeM npeRBapHTeJ]bHbIX yCHAHTeJIeH C TO'KH
3PeHNfl Hx noMeXOyCTONgHBOCTH.
OCTaHOBHMCB npe)KAe BCerO Ha K11aCCN(I)FIKaLIHH HMeIOLL(HXCS
CXeM. Ha160Jlee yJO6HO K.1IaCCH())LIlj1IPOBaTb CXeMbI no BHAy cneK-
'I'paJIbHOI ())yHKLINFI LHYMOB F (CO) Ha NX BblXOAe, a HMeHHO:
a) CXeMbI 6e3 KoppeKLIHH BXOAa (npeACTaBJIAK)T JIHNlb HCTO-
PHLIeCKNH HHTepec) ;
6) cxeMbl C npOCTON HPOTHBOLLIYMOBOiWi KoppeKUH64;
B) cxeMbI CO CJIO)KLIOII HPOTI-IBOLnyMOBO1-] KoppeKLINe .
TaKafl KJIaCCH(pHKaUNF Ha116OJiee yAo61ia C TO'IKH 3peHHfl HC-
cJIeAOBaHHfl oCO6eHHOCTeI pa60TbI pa3JIHY]HbIX 'rHnOB cxem npeA-
Ba1HTeJlbHbIX ycHJIH'reJIeF, OAHaKO npH HeF Ha nepBbIK B3I'JI51A
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
CXeMa c Kacxoa IbIM BXOAOM H CXeMa C KaTOAHbIM nOBTOpHTeJ1eM
Ha BXOAe OCTaIOTCH BHe KJIaCCHClHKaH.HH.
B JjeACTBHTeJIbHOCTM, KaK 6yAeT BHJ HO HH}Ke, KaCKOAHbII1
BXOA H BXOA Ha KaTOAHOM nOBTOPHTeJIe He HBJIHIOTCH CaMOCTOH-
TeJIbHbIMH THnaMB yCHJIHTeJI&H H npHMeHH1OTCH B CO4IeTaHHH C TOIl
HJIH HHO1I CXeMON, BbI,LeJ1eHHON B KJIaCCHCiHKaL[HH.
B COOTBeTCTBHH C H3JIo}KeHHbIM, L[e,-Iecoo6pa3HO p3CCMOTpeTb
KaCKOAHbIN H KaTOAHb1N BXOAbI oTJI;eJ1bHO, C TeM 9T06b1 npH HccJIe-
J OBaHHH TOI'O MAR HHOI'O BHAa cXeMb1 KOppeKL1,HH oueHHTb B03-
MO}KHOCTH, KOTOpble BbITCKaIOT H3 HX npHMeHeHHH.
B cO0TBeTCTBHH c CY11 eCTByIOMHM B HaCTOHIuee BpeMH npeA-
CTaBJIeHHeM o pa6oTe nepeAalow.eA TeJIeBH3HOHHOII Tpy6KH CI1H-
TaeTCH, LITO ee BHyTpeHHee COrIPOTHBJIeHHe Ri (BbIXOAHoe conpo-
THBJIeHHe) MHOPO 6oJ1bUJ B03MWKHbIX HaI'py3o4HbIX COnpOTHBJIe-
HHIII R.
1. 0006eHHOCTH KaCKa.z a, BbIUOJIHeHHOF0 ^0 KaCKOAHOH CXeMe
I-IpJ-iHL1,HnHaJIbHaH CXeMa KaCKOAHOI'O BxoAa npeJicTaBJ1eHa Ha
pHC. I H BKJI104aeT B ce69 ABa TPHOi1JHbIX Kacl aJa [JI. 4]. IlepBb,.
KaCKaA (J11) pa60TaeT no CXeMe c 06LL.HM KaTOAOM, HaI'py3KOH
a) 6
J1J1H Hero HBJIHeTCH BTOpO1-I KaCKajj (J12), BbInOJIHeHHblf no CXeMe
C o6u ef3 ceTK01'I.
Harpy3KOH BTOPOI'O KaCKa.a HBJIHeTCH OMHqecKoe conpOTHB-
JIeHHe Ra, KoTOpoe MO}KeT 6bITb B L[e.IHX KOPPeKUHH ycHJIeHl1H no
BbICOKHM 3IaCTOTaM coeAHHeHO C KOppeKTHpyIOLIJeYI HHjIyKTHO-
HOCTbIO.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
06a KacxaJa (RI H JI2) MOrYT 6bITb BbIfoJIHeHbl Ha OJHOTHH-
HbIX JIaMIlaX.
IZpH HccJIeJOBa1-iHH KaCKOJHOH CXeMbI 6yAeM HHTepeCOBaTbCSI
CJIeJyIoW iMH BeJIHIHHaMH, XapaKTepH3yloll[HMH ee pa6OTy:
a) Koa(P4 HljueHTOM yCHJIeHHH I(),;
6) BXO4HO6 eMKOCTbIO nepBOro KaCKaJa;
B) COnpOTHBJleHHeM IHYMOB (npHBe4eHHbIX KO BXO)Iy yCHJ111-
TeJIB) Ru? KOTOpoe YLIHTb1BaeT wyMbI, B03HHKaJoawe B paccMa-
TI)HBaeMbIX JBYX KaCKaJaX.
Ilepexoj i j{ onpe, eJIeHH o K03(')CpHIj1eHTa ycHJ1eHH9, COCTaBH.M
3KBHBaJ1eHTHYK) cxeMy KaCKOJHOPO yCHJIHTejifl. Ha 3KBHBaJIeHTIlol'I
CXe1ie (pHc. 2) JlaMnbI JII H JI2 npeJCTaBJIeHbI KaK reHepaiopbi
Hanpfl}KeHHN C 3. J. C. fit Ugi; 112 U92 H BHYTPCHHHMH :'oIIpO-
THBJIeHH5IMH RI,; Rig, rae (-1i H 112 - CTaTHLieCKHe KO9(J)CkH-
H,HeHTbI yCHJIeHHH JIaMn JI1 H JI2; Ug1 H Ug2- Hanpfl3KeHHfl cmr-
HaJIa Me3KJy ceTKOK H KaTOJOM JJI9 nepBOH H BTOpO6 JlaIMI.
~tJIfl Toro LITO6bI HaTITH HanpA}KeI-Ilie CHrHaJIa Ha BbIXOJe Iiac-
KOJHOrO yCHJIHTeJIfl (UQ,,,r), Heo6XOJHMo OnpeJeJIHTb TOK CHr-
I-IaJIa I, npOTeKaiomHtI B aHOJIlOfi IjenH JIaMf J71 H JI2. B cooTBeT-
CTBHH C 3aKOHOM OMa
I= ?,Ugi+Ug2
Rif+Rig+R '
Ug2 =N'i Ugl-I Rif,
Y IHTbIBa51, 'ITO
I _ _i',, (1 + Ugi
Ri,(1+Ca2)+Ri2+R<
UG6lx = I Ra
(1)
(2)
(3)
(4)
27
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
H K034J4rnuHeHT yCHJIeHHH CXeMbI
K y UAUX
y Ug, '
(5)
K y ?I(1+?2)R. (6)
y RBI(1+?2)+RI2+Ra
B TOM CJlyiae, ecJIH JIaMHbI J71 H J12 HJeHTHYHb1, Bblpil?KEHHe
,gJISi Ky Hpeo6pa3yeTCfl K CJIEJiylouzeMy BHAy
?(I+{ ,)Ra
Ri 2+ti + Ri
ECJIH yLIeCTb, LITO O6bI4HO
(7)
H 'ITO Ri = S - CTaTii4ecKa5i KPYTl13Ha JIaMHbI, 6y1I,eM HMeTb
OKOH4aTeJIbHO
Ky=SR,,. (8)
O6paTHM BHHMaHHe Ha TO, LITO Bbipa}KeHHe RJISI KO30Hw4eHTa
yCHJIeHHSI KaCKOJiHOi'I CXeMbI, BKJIIo'ialouJeiI JiBe HJ.[eHTHLIHb1X
JIaMHbI, HOJ1y4HJ1OCb TaKoe )Ke, KaK AJISi OJ(HOKaCKajHoro yCHJIH-
TeJ1A, CO6paHHOrO Ha HeHTOJie.
HailJieM BeJIH4HHy BXOjHON eMKOCTH C JIaMHbI JII KaCKOJIHOH
CXeMbI YCHJIHTeJIA.
KaK H3BeCTHO, BXOJIHa51 eMKOCTb JIaMHbI yCHJIHTeJI5, y KOTOpOI'O
ilepBblii KaCKaJi co6paH no cxeMe C 3a3eMJIeHHbIM KaTOjOM, paBHa
C=Cgk+Cag(1+Kyl), (9)
rae Cgh - eMKOCTb Me}Kay CeTKON H KaTOjOM JIaMHbI JII (CM.
pHC. 1);
Cag- eMKOCTb Me}KJiy CeTKOI1 H aHOAOM JIaMHbi J11;
Kyt - K03C4muHeHT yCHJieHHH HepBOff JIaMHbl, paBHbIFI
Kyi = Ug1 (10)
CocTaBJlflfl ypaBHeHHH KHpxro44a, peuia,9 HX H y4HTbIBaH (10),
HaiIJieM
Ri, + Ra' _
Rj (1 +?2)+Ri .+R
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
ECJIH JIaMIIbi S, H J 2 HAeHTH'IHbI, TO
Ra
+ Ri
Ky1= Ra + 2 +
?Ri la
(12)
IZPHHHMaR BO BHHMaHHe, 'ITO Ra C 1 H 2 C 1, IIOJIy'IHM
?Ri
Ky1c1+ Ra . (13)
C)TcioAa aim eMKOCTH BxoAa JIaMHbI J, 6yJ[eM HMeTb
C = C9, -}- C . 9 + i) . (14)
IIOACTaBJ11S1 1UH(JPbI, JlerKO y6eJ[HTbCH, 'ITO BXOAHaH eMKOCTb
y KaCKOAHOI'O yCHJIHTeJifl McHbule, 'IeM y 06b1'IHOI.O Ha Tp1OJjaX,
HO 60JIbHIe, 'ieM y O6bI'IHOFO Ha HeHTOAax; (pH3H'IeCKH 3T0 HOJIy-
'laeTC1 HOTOMY, 'ITO Ko344HI(HeHT yCH.IIeHHH 1-H J1aMHb1 6JIH3OK
K eJ1HHHue.
HaiAeM COHPOTHBJIeHHe HIYMOB Ra,, HPHBeJU HHbIX K BXOJ(y yCH-
JIHTeJISi; HPH 3TOM 6yAeM C'IHTaTb, 'ITO WyMbI CO3AaIOTCSi aHO)jHbIM
TOKOM HePBOH H BTOPOII JIaMHbl, a TaK}Ke COHpOTHBJIeHHeM Ha-
FPy3KH Ra.
COCTaBHM 3KBHBaJ1eHTHyIO cxeMy KaCKOAHOFO YCHJIHTeJIH C y'le-
TOM HCTO'IHHKOB myMa (pnc. 3), B KOTOPYIO BKJIIOgHM:
a) reHepaTOp HaHpH)KeHHH, y'IHTbIBaioii1H14 IIIyM aHOAHOCO TOKa
HepBOI4 JIaMHbI J11 C 3. A. C., 3(p(peKTHBHOe 3Ha'IeHHe KOTOpOf PaBHO
1'' I61 2k
61 = T TRutl~0ata,,c, 115)
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
me k - noCTOAHHaa BoJlbuMaH9, paaxai 1,37. 1023 d,nc/zpad;
T - TemnepaTypa IIIyMHLuero conpoTHBJIeHHN, pasxax 300? K;
(0eraxc - BepXHSIR rpaHHua iaCTOT nOJIOCFI npOHYCKaHIIB ycHJU
TeJIH;
Rur1 - COHp0THBJIeHHe LHYMOB nepaoiI JlaMnbI lit B oMax;
6) rel-IepaTOp Hanpslx{eHHH, ygIHTbIBalowj4Ii IIIYM aH0j1,HOr0 TOKa
BTOpOFI JlaMnbl JI2 C 3. A. C., 3(p(~eKTHBHOe 3HaueHHe KOTOpOH paBHO
262:
62= 2k TR,u2'xurrx, (16)
rue Rui2- COnpOTHBJIeHHe J.IyMOB BTOpOH JlaMnbl JI2 B OMax;
B) rexepaTOp HanpM}KeHHH, y4HTbIBaIOH(HYH LLIyM, C03jjaBae-
MbIlI COnpOTLIBJIeHHeM Harpy3KH,
63 = 2
k- T R a. O)surc-
(17)
O6paTHM BHHMaHHe Ha TO, 4TO B cxeme (cm. puc. 3) npoTe-
KaIOT TOMB IIIYMOB C 9(p(4eKTHBHbIM 3HagleHHeM I-l; Itu2; Itu3 (C03-
j[aBaeMble 3. A. C. (J.161; N'2(72; 63), KOTOpble HY)KHO CYMMHpOBBTb
no KBaJ1,paTH1IHOMy 3aKOHy, HOCKOJIbKy OHM 5IBJISIIOTCH He3aBHCH-
MbIMH CJIyqai3HbIMH BeJIHYHHaMH.
)JJIH yuo6CTBa BbI'-IHCJIeHHt ueJIecoo6pa3HO onpeueJlHTb o-r-
AeJIbHO Iucl; Iuc2; Itu3 (npmeM npH BbILIHCJIeHHH OuHOro 143 TOKOB
j[pyrHe TOKH H COOTBeTCTBYIOLLI,He HM 3.a. C. MO)KHO npHHATb paB-
HIbIMH HyJIIo), a 3aTeM, CymMHpyM no KBaupaTIIqHOMY 3aKOHy,
HaFITH pe3yJIbTHpyIOLuHN TOK LHYMOB
I2uZ3. (18)
I2ru = I21uL + I2uc2 +
COCTaBJIMB ypaBHeHHH KHpxro(pa AJTH cxeMbl, npHBej(eHHOi',
Ila pHc. 3, H peLHaR HX nOj o6HO T'OMy, KaK MbI 3T0 aeJIaJIH BbILHe.
HaRAem
Iu l 1-'1(1 + tA'2)a1 (19)
-Rti(I+N12)+Ri2+Ra'
I f 262 (20)
w3 R1, (I+?2)+R19+Ra
Iiu3 Rh(1+?2)a+R,2+Ra (21)
Aejiac HO CTaHOBKy (19), (20), (21) B (18), HaIueM Bblpa-
KKeHHe J1,JISI KBaupaTa 3(I(peKTHBHOrO 3HageHHII pe3y,T(bTHpyIOLuero
TOKa luyma
I2= ?1(I+?2)2a1+?22+?3
ur [J? (1+N2)+Ri2+R1]-'
(22)
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
r1OACTaBI1M B ypaaHeHHe (22) 3HaL1eHH9 a~,, ;, .1, Haf1AeHHble
H3 ypaaileHHf (15), (16) H (17):
12 - 4kT6f[?i (1 +?2)2Rus~+?2Rw2+Ra]
[Ri1 (1 +N,2) +R12+R[]2
YMHO}Ka51 1' Ha R?,
Ha BbIXOAe yCHJIHTeJ15I:
(23)
HaiAeM 34x!JeKTI4BHoe Hanp5lxcelIHe wyMa
62 - 2kT Q)Ma[cc [?l (1 + ?2) 2R[u1 + ?2R[[[2 + Ru] R I
a [R1t (1 +?2) +Rf2 +Ra]2
(24)
JJIA TOrO 1IT06bI Hal-ITH KBaApaT 30eKTHBHOrO 3HaLIeHHH Ha-
npmKeHHA LHyMOB 62X, fPHBeAeHHbIX KO MAY YCHJIHTeJIH, Hy}KHO
02 2
pa3AeJIHTb Ha KBaApaT Koa(jgHLweHTa yCHJIeHHHH Ky Hepl3bIX
AByX KaCKaAOB yCk[JIHTeJIA; npH 3TOM 6yAeM HMETb
02 = 2k
TR. wn[a[cc,
2
R[[[i.+ Ru[2 N-2
Rua = + 1
I Ra
~2 2 2
1 i (I +?2) f`1 (1 -}- ?2)
(25)
(26)
eCTb ConpOTHBJIeHHe IIIyMOB, fPHBeAeHllb1X KO BXOAy yCHJIHTeJIA.
YLIHThlBaSI, HTO (at >> 1; 112 >> 1, a R,[1; Ru[2; Ra npHMepiio
ojHoro nop5iAKa, nOJIy4IHM
Ru[ iRu[1, (27)
T. e. YPOBeHb IIIyMOB, C03aaBaeMbIx aHOAHbIM TOKOM JIaMH H CO-
npOTHBJIeHHeM Harpy3KH yCHJIHTeJI51, co6paHHOrO no KaCKOAHO4[
CXeMe, npaKTHqeCKH TaKOK )Ke, KaK H B 06b11IHOM TPHOAHOM KaC-
KaAe C 3a3eMJIeHHbIM KaTOAOM, Torj a KaK K03C1.)(mHUHeHT yCHJ1eHH51
BcerO KacKaaa (AByXJIaMnOBoro) H BXOAHaH eMKOCTb TaKHe }Ke,
Km y neHTO)ia.
2. OC06eaHOCTH cxeMbl C (KaTOAHbIM> BXOAOM
11pHHLI,HHHaJ1bHa5l cxeMa yCHJIHTeJII C BXOAOM Ha KaTOAHOM
IIOBTOpHTeJIe npeACTaBJIeHa Ha pHC. 4 H BKJI101IaeT B ce6fI aBa Kac-
KaAa [R. 3]. flepBblli KaCKaA (J11) co6paH no CXeMe KaTOAHOro
nOBTOpHTeJIH (Ha TPHOAe HJIH neHToae), BTOp011 KaCKaA co6paH
Ha TpHOAe no CXeMe C 3a3eMJIeHHbIM KaTOAOM.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Bxo,a yCHJ1HTeJI51 coeJFIIIeH 9KpaRHpOBa1-IHbIM npOBOAOM c ne-
peAaloweN TeJleBH3HOHHOH Tpy6KOK, np?HUeM, 3KpaH coe;mHen
OJ[HHM KOHUOM C COnPOTHBJ1eHHeM R,, ApyrHM - C KO,/IbUeBbIM
3JIeKTpOJ(OM, paCHOJ10}KeHHbIM OKOJIO MHIIIeHH. KOJIJIeKTOp nepe-
j aloHZei Tpy6KH 3a3eMJY FI. rlpH TaKOM COCAHHeHHH 3KpaHa BXO,4-
I-laA eMKOCTb yCHJIHTeJww. 6yJeT paBHa
ECJiH ylleCTb,'ITO Ky 6JIH30K K eJHHH1(e (HanpHMep. Ky = 0,9),
JIerKO BHJeTb, LITO C B 3TOM CJIyLIae 6yAeT McHbuIe, '-IBM B yCHJIH-
Te11e c 06bPLIHbIM BXOJ OM H Aax(e LIeM B yCHJIHTeJIe C KaCKOJ[HbIM
BXO4OM. B yCHJIHTeJIe c .06bIIIHbIM BXO4OM
C = C.,ac+ C,,3 + C. + Cg,c + Cag (1 ? Ky), (29)
rAe K y - COCTaBJIAeT HeCKOJIbKO eJHHHI[. B yCHJIHTe.,Ie C KaCKOR-
HbIM BXOJLOM
I- ~
--
11410 _L Z MriweHb -ag -r
Rya
C=C,ac+C,,3+CA,4-CgK+Cag(2+Rr)
C = C,,,,C -f Cag + (C,,, + C., + Cgk) (1-Ky), (28)
C,,,,;- eMKOCTb Me)KAy MHHIeHblO nepeJi,aloweI1 Tpy6KH H KOJI-
JIeKTOpOM;
C413 = eMKOCTb Me}KAy MHweI-IbIO nepeLIa1orUeu Tpy6KH H
KOJIbueBbIM 3JIeKTpOJjOM;
C,,, - MOHTa}KHaF eMKOCTb;
Ky- I(O3C~CJMUHeHT yCHJIeHHSI KaTORHOrO nOBTOpHTeJIA, paB-
HbIN 1 1 ;
1-1-91 K
SI - KPYTH3Ha JlaM11 bl ,71.
(30)
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
TaKHM o6pa3oM, npeHMyl4eCTBO cxeMbi C BXOAOM
3BKJ110LIaeTCSI B 3Ha9HTCJIbl-IOM cI-IHN{elHH BXOJHOii eMKOCTH C
yCHJIHTeJIH.
HaiiJeM COHpOTHBJICI-IHe IIIYMOB Rut, npHBCJCHHbIX K BXOJ)'
ycHJIHTe.Til; nTH TOM 6yj eM CLIHTaTb, 9TO IllyMbl C03Ja1OTC I
aHOJHbIMH TOKaMH nepBOii H BTOpON JIaMn, a TaK}Ke COI1pOTHB.IIC-
HHCM liarpy3KH nepBOH IlaMnbl (cM. pHC. 4).
I[Ul
111)2
O6paulaHcb K 3KBHBaJIeI1THOII cxeMe KaTOuHOrO nOBTOpHTeJIH
(CM. pHC. 5), COCTaB?T115T ypaBHeHHH KHpxro(!)a H npOBO,LIH BbI11HC-
JIeHHH, aHaJlorwlHble Bb1'HCJTeHuHM npeilblJlymero naparpaq)a,
Hai1JeM:
1 2 1 1-2 (RrI+2R,)21
I-r )
I' + S-R-J ~F~'uci + R,,,2 I 1 + SiRrt + f",J + ?j ~n
+ SiR~c + Eli
r,ae (t1 - CTaTH,IecKHFI Ko3q)(~HUne1-1T yCHJ1eHHt{ nepBofi JlaMnbl;
Rtu2 - ConpoTHBJIeHHe IuyMOB BTOpOI1 JlaMnbl.
YgHTbIBaH, 11TO ii 1 1 H TITO r1OCJIe1IHHH LIJIeH, CTOH WHIT
nepeAa ou ei KaMepbl
rlepexoAH K HcCJIeAOBaHH!O npeABaPHTeJIbHbIX ycuJIHTeJIeiI
C yTIeTOM CTPYKTYPbl C03AaBaeMOro HMH IHyMa, c ieAyeT OCTaHO-
BHTbCH Ha Bb16ope noAXOAHIuerO KPHTepHH KHO
6bITb npOfOPL[HOHaJIbHO y~MaKC
le MaKC
C ApyrOH CTOpOHbI, TieM KMeJIbTle> IHyM, TeM OH McHee 3aMeTeH
Ha l13o6pa>KeHHH, a CJIeAoBaTeJIbHO, So AOJI>KHo 6bITb nponopuHO-
HaJIbHO - s . 3AeCb '?,3 - AJIHTeJIbHOCTb oAHoro 3JIeMeHTa pa3-
JIo3KeHHA H3o6pa>KeHHSI,
AJIHTeJIbHOCTb IHYMOBOFO
CTOTa cneKTpa IHYMOB.
rlpaKTHTIecKH KpHTepH1I So KaMepbl
yao6HO Bb16paTb CJIeJjyIOIIJ,HM o6pa3OM:
_ y'MaKC w1
So
ic.16aKC WMaKC
HaJIwIHe MHO>KHTeJISI I/ 2 kk T nO3BOJlHeT HeCKOJIbKO yfPOCTHTb
BbITIHCJIeHHH.
TaK KaK
paBHaIT - , T,u- HaHBePOATHeHwaSI
WMaHC
Bb16poca, paBHasl wl ; oil - cpeAHAA Lia-
(33)
_ Uc AlaKC
~MaKc a
me Uc MaKC- 3HaTieHHe CHrHaJIa Ha BbIxo1T,e yCHJIHTeJ15i npH ne-
peAaTie HaH6oJlee 1 PKO l TOTIKH H3o6pa>KeHH5i;
CpeAHeKBaJpaTHTiHOe Hanpo>KeHHe IIIyMa Ha Bbl-
xoj e ycHJiHTeJlsi npi nepeAa ie HaH6OJiee IIPKOii
TOTIKH H3o6pa>KeHH5I,
_ UC MaKC 1 2 k T
So 1c M?KC ?MQKC a V T
(34)
* YKa3aHHb11i Bb160p KpHTepllu So MOACHO o60CHOBaTb 6oJIee CT)OrO, HC-
XOJ1A H3 nOJI0>KeH1t{I o61ueR TeOpHH CBH311.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
f,ajiee 6y1[eT B11TWO, T-ITO So 5113JI5TeTC5] ()yH1 Rig) k+riak
TO Harp i>KeHHe Ha aHOAe H ynpaBJIHIow,eII CeTKe B MOMeHT BKJI1O-
'IeHHH AeJIHTCH npOHOpUHOHaJ1bHO COnpOTHBJICHH5iM (pHc. 4, 6)
Uglk.~ RigIk+ RigIk. (4)
R,, g
IIOJIO]KHTeJIbHOe HanpS1?KeHHe Ha ynpaBJIMOniect CeTKe Bbl3OBe'r
60JIbLHOII KaTOJIHbIYi TOK (B OCIJOBHOM 3a cgeT 3KpaHHorQ TOKa
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
KaTOJ(Hblf! TOK C03,L aeT naAeHHe HanpRxceHHR Ha KaTOJIHOM COI7pO-
'rHBJICHHH; 3TO Hanpfl]KeHHe, npHJlo?KeHHoe K TpeTbeii CeTKe,
a TaK}Ke HH3KOe at-IOJI,HOe HanpI?KeHHe S1BJISIIOTCA TeMH yCJIOBHflMM,
npli KOTOpbIX JlaMna 3anHpaeTC51 no aHO, HOMY TOKy.
jloc,ile CKa'IKa Hanp 1>i eHHfl (noCJle 3anHpaI-u4 JlaMnbl no aHnii-
i o iy TOKy) Ha'IHeTC 1 3ap5IJ[ KOHJLCHCaTOpa C iepe3 R,,. Rigii
(BIIy-rpenllee conporuBileHIie y'-lacrKa HepBafl ce'rKa -- Ka'ro;i) li Ri;
14
I.P.
Re . m
Pic. 5
(plic. 5). TOK 3ap5La eMKOCTH BbIpa3HTCfl CJIe,9, IoI.uHM ypaBIIC-
HHeM.
La - (Ua .ntuH. + 3 Ua / e - (Ra -f- Rigl k + Rig)
Ra + Riglk + Rk
(5)
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
8eJIH4HHa Ua,,urt 51BJ151eTC51 TeM ypOBHeM, OTHOCHTeJIbHO KOToporo
npOvICXOAHT 3apHA H pa3pHJ eMKOCTH 3a neprloA KoJle6arnmi. Tax
KaK
Riglk + Rk ~'< Ra,
ti-a - lua,uux -r "ua J e RUC
sap ^ R
a
(6)
WUa' = Uglk + Uk.
Hanp u+ erlHe Ha ynpaBJI51K)Hje4i ceTKe onpeaeJiieTCSi
Ug1k = Riglk (1aap + i1), (7)
Ea - Uk
L1 Rg+Riglk+Rk
Rg >> Riglk? R k
Ea>> Uk,
CEa Ea - Ua ,uau - 0 Ua e RaC
Ug1k Rig1k R - /)
g Ra
MaKCHMaJIbHOe Hanpw+ceHHe raa ceTxe paBHO (pHc. 2, o)
(8)
Ea Ea - Ua .1juk - J U",
Uglk,,,amc=Riglk (ffg7 +
Ra
(9)
;IJIfl onpeAe.neHH51 Hanpfl}KeHHSI Ha ynpaBJiSIioiueli CeTKe HY}KHO
3HaTb BeJIH'HHy
MHHHMaJIbHoe, HJIH TaK Ha3blBaeMOe OCTaTO'-IHOe, HanpuxceHHe
Ira auo, e Ua,,ruuonpe4eJ1fleTC5I H3 CTaTHqeCKHX XapaKTepHCTHK neH-
ToJ a? HMen CTaTligeCKHe XapaKTepHCT'HKH neHToAa (pnc. 6), ripo-
BOJHM JIHHHIO KpHTHIeCKOro pe}KnMa. (HpH MaJ1bIX Hanp5DKeHHH3;
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
Ha axone H 6OJIbIJ TX Hanp xell-MIX Ha ynpaBJIHIOiaeM CeTKe 13Ce
XapaKTepICTHKH CJIHBa}OTC51 B OAHY JIHHHIO.) TaKHM o6pa30M, JIH-
HHH KPHTHUeCKOrO pe7KHMa onpe4eJiHeT, AJIH Ka}KL OrO aaHHOt0
3HB IeHHH HanPH]I{eHHH IICTOT{HHKa aHOAHOr0 nHTaHHH H Ka]KAOr0
AaHHOro 3HageHHH COHPOTHBJIeHHH aHOAHOcI HaFPy3KH Ra, MaK-
CHMaJIbHoe 3IIagIeHHe aHOAHorO TOKa ia.,,anc H MHHHMaJIbHOe 3lia-
LIeHHe HanpR3KeHHH Ha aHOAe Ua MuH?
3Ha5I Hanpf>KeHHH Ha ynpaBJIHK)IL[el[ ceTKe, Onpe,eJ1HeM Ka-
TOJ[Hb1Yt TOK
1k-1g2+L83 HPH La=O,
tk=S Ugi, rae S = d ik
d Ug, (10)
3HaI BeJIHqHHY KaTOAHorO TOKa, OnpeaeJIHeM BeJIHtIHHy 11a-
npH}KeHHH Ha KaTOAe (pHC. 2, a)
Uk = ik Rk? (1 1 )
HanpH}KeHHe IIa eMKOCTH BO3P3CTaeT 110 3aKOHy
Uc= (E,,-Ua,xun AU")(1 -e RaC)? (12)
Hanp DKeHHe Mex{)iy axoaoM H KaTOaOM P BHO " ' .
Uak = Uc + Ug1k + Ua .sun. (13)
1lOJIO>KHTeJIbI1b1M Hanpn}KeHHeM Ha ynpaBJIHIOHUei1 CeTKe MO)K11O
npeHe6pegb, TaK KaK 3T0 BeJIHiIHHa nOp5AKa 1-2 6 H Ug1k KeHmeM Ha TpeTbeli CeTKe; KOrAa
allOAHoe Hanpfl}KeHHe aOCTHraeT Ua.ua,cc, B03HHKaeT aHOAt-IbI1T TOK.
MOMeHT B03HHKHOBCHHH aHo, Horo TOIKeHHHX Ha TpeTbei( CeTKe H *(POpMa 1lanp51>IKeHHe, npHJIO>KCHHOe K TpeTbeI CeTKe, paBHo
Harlpsl>KeHHK) Ha KaTOAe.
Paliee no.lly'ieHltoe HanpflMKeilrle Ha 34't CeTIKeHHIO na KaTOAe, 1135TOMy C O$-
paTlibiM 31-IaKOM:
- U,z -= - Uga.
(15)
IIOACTaBHB noJryyenHble Bbipa>KeFIHfl B (popMyJIy (14), onpeAe-
J1fleM BpeMfl oipaTHoro xoAa
~, . Fa - (Ua ,tarzic + 0 Urr)
Ea -(Ua.11(we+I Ua)
(16)
IaKHM 06pa3OM, HMCSI CTaTH9eCKHe XapatKllo onpeACJIHTb, BO-nepBblx, aMnJ1HTyJly
rinJIOo6pa3HOrO Hanpfl>KeHIHA, BO-BTOpbIX, JIJIHTeJIbIIOCTb o6paT-
Horo xoAa.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
ECJIH HanpH}KeHHe Ha TpeTbel3 ceTxe Mexbme Ug3hulH, To npJ-t
JIaHHOM E1, JlaMna no allOAHOMY TOKY OTKpbLTbCH He MO)KeT
(Kor,aa Ug2 = conSt H Ug, = const) . /TOT pe)KHM Ha3bIBaeTCY.
)KAy1.1),HM pe)KHMOM.
6) 17psc.Mou xod
KOrja HanpH}KeHHe Ha alloAe ,nOcTHrxeT BO BpeM1 o6paTHOrO
xo. a Ua.xaKC, .naMna OTKpbIBaeTCH no aHOAHOMy TOKy. fOTeKLHHct
aHOAHbIIi TOK C03AaeT naAeHHe HanpH)KeHHH Ha aHOAHOIi Harpy3Ke
It HanpH)KeHHe Ha alloae yMeHbLHHTCH. TaK KaK HanpA}KeHHe Ha
eMKOCTH CKa4KOM B03paCTH He MO)KeT, yMeHbn1IeHHe Hanpfl)KeHHH
Ha aHOAe nepe4aeTCn Ha ynpaBJIAIOLUyio CeTKy, yMeHbineHHe Ha-
npfl)KeHM I Ha ynpaBJTHtoweiT CeTKe BeAeT K yMeHbLHeHHiO KaTOA-
HOrO TOKa (3KpaHHOro TOKa), yMeHbLHeHHe KaTO,i[HOrO TOKa BeAeT
K yMeHbLHeHHIO OTpHLi.aTeJlbHorO HanpA)KeHHH Ha TpeTbef CeTKe.
1 aKHM o6pa3oM, B npou.eCC BKJIIogaeTc1I o6paTHa5I CB513b, KOTOpasl
OnpOKHAbIBaeT exemy. B 06bI4HbIX MyJIbTHBH6paTOpaX 3TOT npo-
neCC 3aKaH4HBaeTC51 3anHpaHHeM OAHOH H3 JIaMn, B reHepaTOpaX
Ha neHTO,ge - allOAHoe HanpH>KeHHe CKa4KOM naAaeT Ha He60T1b-
HIyiO BeiIHgHHy A Ua. Be.IHtHHy CKa4Ka A Ua H paBHyfo ei ., Ugik
MO)KHO FlatiTH H3 XapaKTepHCTHK neHTOJ a.
PaCCMOTpHM )KAyll Hl3 pe)KHM , KorAa BO BpeMF o6paTHoro xo a
f-IanpuxceHHe Ha aHCae paBHO Hanpfl}KeHHfO HCTOgHHKa allOAHoro
Hanpfl}KeHHSi Ea.. flpeunoJTO)KHM, 'ITO I3FIe1HHHI4' CHHXpOHH3HpyTO-
LuH13 HMnyJIbC (OTpHI. aTeJIbHbIN Ha ynpaB.7lnIol4y1o CeTKy, HAM nOJIO-
)KHTeJIbHb1Yt Ha TpeTbK) CeTKy) BbfBeJT CXeMy H3 yCToil4HBOr0 000TOH-
HHfl.
PaCCMOTpHM JlaBHHoo6pa3Hblli npouecc nepe6poca, paCTnHyTbIHt
Bo BpeMeHH: -
B KOHIie o6paTHoro xo a Hanpcl)KeHHe Ha ynpaB.nfliou ec CeTKe
6blJ1O paBHO U~1 (pHc. 8, TO'Ka A). ByJi,eM C4HTaTb, 'ITO aHOA-
HbIII TOK onpe,eJt5leTC5 BeJIH'HHaMH Ea, Ugik H COnpOTHBJ1eHHeM
Ra (Ug2 - coast; Ra > Rk). KaK TOJIbKO JlaMna OTKpOeTCSI
n0 aFIOAHOMy TOKy, allOAHbl11 TOK HaqHeT B03paCTaTb no Harpy-
304HO1i XapaKTepHCTHKe OT la = 0 (cM. pHc. 8). B03paCTaHHe
aHOJI,Horo TOKa nOBJIe ieT 3a co6of yMeHblIIeHHe alloafioro Fia-
np}nKeHHn. TaK KaK 3TOT npou.ecc npOHCXO HT MrHOBeHHO (eMKOCTb
C MrHOBeHHO nepe3ap5J[HTbCA He MO)KeT), TO yMeHblueHHe aHOA-
Horo Hanp)DKeHHSI nepeaaeTCF Liepe3 eMKOCTb C Ha ynpaBJlflloluylo
CeTKy. Pa6otlafl T04Ka c XapaKTepHCTHKH U , nepeMenlaeTCfl BHF13
(113 TO4(H A K TO4Ke A~), npH 3TOM BbIHOJIHHeTCH paBeHcT13o
d Ua = d Ug1. B 'TeL1eHHe BpeMeHH, KOrAa pa6o'a5i TO4Ka rlepe-
McmaeTcH H3 A B A', aHOAHbIYt TOK B03paCTaeT OT la = 0 JIO
la = la He3aBHCHMO OT BeJIH4nHbl Hanpfl)Kemi Ha ynpaBjlflloal,eii
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
ee?Ke. Koraa pa6otlacl Totltca A&Titrae- T XapakTepHCTHKH -Ugt htii ,
Hanp1}KeHHe Ha ynpaBJInIOHLefi CeTKe HatlHHaeT ynpaBJlflTb aHOA-
HbIM TOKOM. PaBeHCTBO d U,= d Ugi B 3TOM cJlytlae He 6y1LCT
BbInOJIII5ITbC1, 6blCTpblFl npouecc pOCTa aHOLHOro TOKa npel{pa-
TIITC5I.
TaKHM. 06pa3OM, aHOJLHbIi TOK BO BpeM5I CKatIKa B03paCTII
6oJIbLIe LIeM Ha lu He MO)KeT. CKaLIKH HanpH)KeHHH Ha aHOae H
Ha ynpaBJIAIOMelt ceTKe onpe,L eJIRK)TCH rpa(JHLIeCKH 143 pHC. 8 H
He Tpe6yIOT noHcHeHH5I. Bce cua3aHHoe 0 >KLLyl-ueM pex{HMe Cnpa-
BeJL?IIHBO H JI,JIH aBToKoJIe6aTeJlbHoro pe3KHMa. OTJIHLIHe JIHHIb B TOM,
LITO aHOQHbIK TOK nO5TBJIHeTCSI Tor a, KOr4a aHORHoe Hanpax{e-
1-IHe J OCTHFaeT Hanpfl}KeFIH1 oTnipaHHB no TpeTbeVi ceTKe [T. e.
BeJIHLIHIIbI Uaaia,cc (pHC. 7)].
floc ie cKatJKoo6pa3HOr0 npouecca Iia9HHaeTC5I npouecc JIB-
IIeKi-ioro pa3p ijLa KoFu elicaTOpa C tiepe3 neHTOA.
A.nfl onpeJLe.neHHi TOKa pa3p5iga KoHAencaTOpa o6paTHMC"rl
K pHC. 9. KaK BH,I?,HO H3 pHC. 9, TOK pa3pflJia KOHZLeHcaTOpa
1BJIfleTC2 COCTaBI10K LIaCTbIO aHOAHoro TOKa
La =LRa+bpaap. (17)
11pH yCJIOBIIH Rg >> Ra MO)KHO HanHCaTb
la ti' Ra. (18)
110 TOK pa3pBJ a KOiI,ueHcaTopa, C03paBaH najLeliue nanpi}Ke1iiiB
na Rg, onpeAeJ1neT Iianp5IMeHue Ha ynpaB.xIBIoiueH ceTKe.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
'raKHM o6pa30M, H3MeHeHHe TOKa pd3p51Aa KOHAeHCaTOpa
yf1PHB.nfleT KaTOAHbIM H aIiOAHbIM TOKOM. EcJIH MONCHO npeHe6pellb
TOKOM pa3pi.aa KOHAeHCaTOpa npH onpeAeJlefIHH a1IOAHOrO TOKa,
TO ajIq OnpeAeiieHHSI cme-
Iuelinfl Iia ynpaBJ1HlofueVi Ra e-
ceTKe Hyw..HO 3HaTb BeJIH- - +
I(I'My m xapaKTep H3MeHe- is Rialr
HFIH TOKa pa3pflAa KoHAeH- ~i 2K ipasp
caTOpa.
Bo 13peMfl o6paTH0ro
xoAa ToK Ilepe3 conpoTHB- l9Z
JIeHHe Rg 6blJl panel-r (cM. U , Rg
pHc. 5) RK UK
E-7-Uk (19)
Rigl k 4- RI? ' _
3'rOT TOK co3lIaBa.n rlaaeuHe
IianpU?KeHHA Fla Riglk H
onpe,reJIHJI HallpHMeHHe PLIc. 9
cMeII eHHfl Ha y11paBJ15110-
HjeH CeTKe K KOliuy o6paT-
HOrO xoaa? KaK TOJIbKO HOABHTCH aHOAHb1N1 TOM, TOK Ilepe3 COnp0`
THB.neHNe Rg 6yAeT UOJIHOCTbIO paBeH TOKy pa3pHAa KOHAeFICaTOpa
H 6yAeT Onpeae.liUTbCH
Ea, Uk - Ua?Uc -(Riak+Rk i- Rg)C
Lfla.3p Rg e
MaKcHMa.rIbHbIii TOK pa3p5Aa (Bo BpeMH cKallKa)
Ea - Uk - U,,, -1- U,
Lf)a3fl .Ilal:C
Mk + Rk 4-' g
(20)
(21)
B KOHue o6paTH0ro xo a Hanpfl)KeHHe Ha eMKOCTH 6biJIo paBHo
Iianpslweii io Ha aiio e. fJocJle cKa9Ka Hanp5l}KeHHA IianpH Ke-
liHe Ha al-IOAe yna.lo Ha BeJIHIIHHy A Ua, Flanp5 +cen ne Ha KOHAeH-
CaTOpe OCTaJIOCb, npe3KHHM
Ua,llaxc-Ua -. J0? (22)
JTaMna OTKpbIJlaCb no aHOJ1,HOMy TOKY 01)41 Ha11pflNAUa-Uk, M0)KHO nepenHcaTb 4JOpMyJIy
Aim onpe,1 eJIeHHA npci oro xo,ila
tnp RgC Ua AraKCE Ua ALIIH (33)
a J
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
YBejn -ienne HanpAweHHA Iia y lpawimiouJeA CeTKe BbI3btBaeT
yBCJIHTIenHe al1OJI,IIoro.TOKa if naJ(eHHe anoji -ioro iianpA}Ke11NN.
Bo BpeMA np5imoro xoja Hanpfi}Keime Ha KaTOJJe B03pac'I'aeT OT
r4eCATbix. Ao.Tieci BOJIbTa AO O)IHOrO BOJIbTa. BJI wnHeM H3MeiieH11N
noTefiuaJIa Ha TpeTbeik CeTKe MO)KHO npeHe6pc rb, TaK KaK np11
HanpAN>Rk
TaK}Ke MO}KHO npeHe6pe'lb.
113 pHC. 8 BHAHO, T-ITO npH 143MeHeHNH Hanpf}KeHH1 Ha ynpaB-
dTAIO1ueR CeTKe OT Xapal\/ 190 230
IITY-2 130 X 230 X 340
I1TY-1 4,5
IITY-2 7,8
0,31 X 0,31 x 0,5
I'Ilpn COOTBeTCTByIOHjHX nepeAeJlKax cxeMbl Mo}KeT 6bITb Bbi6paH J1106o5 apyroii Beu(aTeJibHblh KaHaJI.
92
280 X 330 x 63?
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
yHHSepcaJIbHOc'rt annapaTypbl. 0,RHaKO, B CB 13H c ero CJIO}KIIOCTbIO
H He60JIbIiIHM KOJIHLIeCTBOM 3anp000B Ha RHCT'aHUHOHHoe ynpaB-
JIeHHe OBTIIKON, OCO6eHHO (JOKyCHpOBKON, YCTaHOBKa TITY-2
nOJlvl(HT, no-BHaHMOMy, Melibuiee pacnpocTpaHeHHe no CpaBHeiiHlo
c IITY-0 H IITY-1.
O6HIHM He4OCTaTKOM OnHCaHHbIX IITY SIBJIIIeTC5i CpaBHHTeJIbuo
HH3Ka5I TIyBCTBHTeJlbHOCTb HCHOJlb3yeMOF0 B yCraHOBKaX BHAHKOHa
(OCBemeHHOCTb o6-beKTa J(OJI}KHa 6bITb He McHee 500 _iK), npHcy-
iuaSl eMy HHeplHOHHOCTb H3o6pa}Kel1Hft, a TaK>Ke Kyx, yi pen-
JIAeMbIi'I Ha KaMepe c nOMOLIjb}O 'IeTblpeX Ha1CHJjHbIX 3aMKOB. Ha
BepXHei KpbILHKe KO}KyXa pa3Melu,eH BHAOHCKaTeJIb npHLje.TIbHOFO
THna.
KpennieHHe KaMepbl K onope HpOH3BOJjHTC I C fOMOWbI0 6O,IITOB.
BHAeonpHeMHoe yCTpONCTBO co6paHo B McTa.T)JIH~IecKOM 1U1j1KC,
Ha nepeAHei cTefiKe KoToporo yKpeiJleHbl npHeMHaci Tpy61{a,
py'IKFI ynpaBJleHHH pe}KHMOM BHAHKOHa H npleMHOIFI Tpy6KH, BbI-
KJIK)'-IaTe.TIb H CHrHaJlbHaH JIaMno'IKa. BOOKH B BHAeOnpHeMHOM
yCTpONCTBe paCIIOJIO}KeHbI TaK }Ke, KaK H B TeJIeBH3Ope ,
6JIaroAapu LIemy yj aeTCFI HCnOJIh3OBaTb MaKCHMaJlbHoe r1FICJIO
CTaHJapTHbIX aeTaJIeA TeJIeBH30pa.
Ycmauoeha I7TY-1
BHAeoCHrHaJI, allaJlOrHgHblVf CHrxany, noJlyt-iaeMOMy B KaMepe
YCTaHOBICH IITY-O, noJaeTCH no KOaKCHaJIbHOMy Ka6eJ110 B 6.aOK
ynpaBJleHHFI (pHc. 3). B 6JIOKe ynpaBJIeFIHS1 BHJjeOCHrHaJ1 yCHJIFI-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246A045700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
gaetcS1, 13 Hero 3aMeLi.11#immc*St raCc uMe c:HrnaJlbi r1pHeMHOH' Tpy6K11
H CHrnaii CHHXpOHH3aUHH npHeMHHKa. iloc ie 3Toro noirblii TeJie..
BH311OHHbIiI CHrHaJI pa3MaXOM 1,0 B noJTO)KHTeJIbIIoiI nOJISIPHOCTIH
1TOAaeTCST Ha BXOJj reHepaTOpa YKB, HMe}o uerO Hecyluyio LiaCTOT\l
49,75 m2eli (1-}i KBHaJI 'reJIeBfi3II01IHorO BeHZaHHH). npli 000TBeT-
cTByloL11HX nepeJe.rKax MO}KeT 6bJTb Bb16paH mo6oHi Jipyroii KaHaJI.
/10cm L,npa8n8NUR
F
I ~'amrepa
.I Ca".ap,,-
I eeaepamo I
Tenekwp
B aaJlbiiehiieM paJwoCHrHaJI noAa(2TCSI Ha TeJ1eBH3opb1, pacno-
di0)KeHHble HenoCpeACTBeHHO Ha nyJlbTe yrlpaBJIeHHn H Ha KOH'I'-
POJIbHOM nyHKTe. 1ZpM )KeJIBHHH KOIITPO.11b H3o6pa)KeFinH Mo]Ke'r
n])OH3BOAHTbCii TaK)Ke rio BHJi,eo'iaCTOTe. ?
B BHAeOyC.HJIHTeJlb 6JIoKa ynpaBJIeH1i51 BBe/ieH aBTOMaTHLIeCKHH
peryJISITOp yCHJIeHHSi, 1OAAep)KHBa1OII F1II BbIXOAHOI"i CHrHaJI HeH3-
McHHbIM npH H3MeHeHHH BXOAHOro CHrHaJIa B 8-10 pa3. 9TOT pe-
:ryJiSlTop OKaxceTCST COBePiueHHO Heo6xoamMblM B MHOroxaMepHbl\.
J(HCBCTLIepCKHX TeJIeBH3HOHHbIX yCTaHOBKaX, B KOTOpbIX npH KOM-
MyTaii.HIi KaMep MoryT HMeTb MCCTO 6OJTbHJHe CKa'IKH BejTHHHHbl
B11JI,eocHrliaJla OT KaMCPbI K KaMepe.
BJiOK pa3BepTOK BbIHeceH H3 KaMepbl H UOM.eLueH B 6JIOK ynpaB-
JIeHHST. B KaMepe oCTaIOTCSI OTKJIOHS iomHe KaTyHIKH, Ha KOTOPble
H3 6JIOKa yripaBJIenHSI noaa1OTC51 IiMFI J1bCHbie HanpSI>KeHHA, o6ec-
ne11HBaiOIil,He npOTeKaHHe no KaTyUIKaM rlHJioO6pa3HbiX TOKOB.
OCHOBIiaH TpyAHOCTb npH BbIHeCeHHH 6JIOKa pa3BePTOK 143 Ka-
MCpbI 3aKJIK)LIaeTC5I B rlepeaaLle AOCTaTOLIFIO MOII,HbIX HMnyJlbCHbl <
IlanpflxceHHH CTpOLIH013 LIaCTOTbI Ha 6oJIbwHe paCCTO51IIHA 6e3 nCKa-
)KeH14H. )Jim pelueHHH nOCTaBJIefiHOfi 3aaaLIH HCHOJlb3OBaH KOHTYI)
paBHOro COHpOTHBJIeHHH (pHc. 4), HpH IIOMOI.II,H KOTOporO y, aeTCSi
IICOJIy'IHTb HeO6XOAHMOe corjlaCOBaHHe Ha KOHUe Ka6eJHT, Iiecyii ero
TIMHYJIbCHOe Hafp1)KeHHe LIaCTOTbI CTpOK. )]JI5I nOJ1y4eHH1i COrJ1H-
.COBat1H51 Hy)KHO BbTAep)KaTb c.ieAyroluwe yCJIOBHI. [JI. 2]:
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Ri=R2= Ro=z; z= Vc; L= RoTVn(13 n) ,
)'Ae Ri, R2 - COnpOTHBJIeHHH B napaJ!JIeJIbHbIX BeTBSrX;
Z - BOJIHOBOe conpoTHBJIeHHe Ka6ejii;
L - HHAYKTHBHOCTb OTKJIOHHK)I jell KaTyuhKH;
C - eMKOCTb KOHTypa;
T - nepHoA CTpOqHOit uaCTOTbI;
n AJIHTeJIbHOCTb npHMOro xoAa CTp0LIHOI[ pa3BepTKH
B AOJIHX nepHOAa T.
IIpHMeHeHHe KOHTypa paBHOr0 COnp0THBJIeHHH n03BOJIHJI0 yAa-
JIHTb 6JIOK pa3BepTKH OT KaMepbl Ha 500 Mi, H,fO-BHAHMOMY, B03-
MO)KHO yBeJIHIIHTb 3TO paCCTOHHHe CBb1HIe 1000 M.
K C/17P04HOMy
nepexolNOMly
/7,,00HCw0,0MZ717Ioply
,a
PHc. 4
rlepeAaqa Ka1p0BbIX OTKJIOH5IIOHXI'IX HMnyJIbeOB Ha 6oJlbnloe
paCCTOHHHe He BbI3bIBaeT 0006bIX 3aTpyAHeHHi1.
Uenb fpopMHPOBaHHSI racHlw1x HMnYJIbCOB nepeAaioluefl Tpy6KH
B YCTaHOBKe IITY-1 allajiorHgHa iI,enH (pOpMHpOBaHHH B KaMepe
YCTaHOBKH IITY-0.
CHHXpOreHepaTOp yCTaHOBKH o6ecnetIHBaeT 1iepeCCTpOgHoe
pa3JIOXKeHHe H3o6pa>KeHH51 Ha 625 CTpoK npH 25 KaApax B cexyHAy.
,LeJIeHHe IiaCTOTbI H q)OpMHpOBaHHe HMnYJIbCOB nPOH3BOAHTCH
npH nOMOIZH HCKYCCTBCHHbIX AJIHHHbIX JIHHHil, YTO AaeT BbICOKYIO
CTa6HJIbHOCTb pa60TbI CHHXporeHepaTOpa.
(DopMa cnrxa.na CHHXPOHH3a1JHH npHeMHHKa ynpouieHa
(pHc. 5). OTCYTCTBHe BbIpaBHHBa10IW1X HMUYJIbCOB KOMneHCH-
pyeTCH yMeHbineHHeM BABOe (Ao 4%) WHpHHbI CTp09HbIX CHHXpO-
HMnyJIhCOB, 6J1aroAap5i qeMy CpopMa (ppollTa KaJI.poBOro CHHxpo-
HMnyJlbca coxpaHHeTCH allaJIOrligHOR J[JI51 geTHOro H HegeTHOrO
nojiei'i.
OTCyTCTBHe KaAPOBb1X Bpe30K, KaK 11OKa3aJI 3KCHepHMeHT, He
cKa3aJIOCb CKOJIbKO-HH6yAb 3aMeTHbIM o6pa3OM Ha YCTONLIHBOCTH
CTpoYHOii pa3BepTKH.
,aim Toro lITO6bI o6ecneLIHTb npaBHJlbHOe B3aHMHOe pacnoJlo-
>KeHHe HMfYJIbCOB BO BpeMeHH npH 60JIbIIIHX paCCTOHHIIHX MexCAy
IcaMepoll H 6JIOKOM ynpaBJIeHHH, B CHHxporexepaTOpe BBeAeHbI
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
CTyneHt;aTble 3aJ ep}IKHYIO yCTOH'HBOCTb
cpealleli 9aCTOTbI MO4yJIHLI,HH, npH 3TOM OTnaJaeT Heo6XOJjHMOCTb
B aBTOHOJCTpOHKe. FJpl HCnOJlb3oBaHHH 3(pq)eKTHBHbIX McTOJjoB
(pa30BOH MOJi?YJISiLIHH CHCTeMa B H,eJ1oM noJly'aeTCH 6oJiee np0CTO1I
II HaJ(C)KHOIi B pa6oTe, 9eM B CJIy'ae Hen0CpegCTBeHH0H 9aCTOTHOIi
MOJYJIHILHH. HO 3TOH nPH'IIHe OCHOBHOe BliHMaHHe B RaJlbHeiiweM
yJeJieMo McTOJaM d)a30BOH MOJIyJI2L(HH.
TpyJHOCTH ocyII eCTBJIeHH51 9aCTOTHOH MO,4yJI5HL[HH npH HOMOWI-
q)a3oBOH (KaI< H TPyJJI-IOCTH OCyL1jeCTBJIenHu aBTOnOJCTpOYIKH npH
HeHOCpeJICTBeHHO6 LIaCTOTHOIi MOJjyJISIL[HH) BO3paCTaI0T C yBeJlH-
9eIIHeM LHIipHHbi fOJIOCbI 9aCT'OT MOJI,yJI51LIHH.
(Da30Bbie MOJyJI51TOpb1 o6eCne9HBaIOT, KaK npaBHJlo, OTHOCH-
TeJIbHO MaJIbIH HHJeKC MOJyJI!1UMH (oJ[HH HAM HeCKOJIbKO paaHaH),
H JJi5i ero HOBbIIIIeHHSI' np1Mell5ieTCfl YMHO}KeHHe 9aCTOTbI (H COOT-
BeTCTBeHHO npH 3TOM yMHONKHec He-
cyiueii. OJ11-IaK0, fOBbICifB B n pa3 HecyLuylo, MO)KHO yBeJIHLIHTb
B n pa3 MaKCHMaJIbHyIO M011yJIHpy10LLLy10 LIaCTOTy, T. e. npH nO-
MOIu11 BTOPOrO (Ila30BOrO MOJIyJIHTOpa, pa60TaioluerO Ha nOBbllileH-
HOII HecyLljeu, MO?KHO OCyLueCTBHTb q)a30ByIO MOJIYJIHUHIO B OTHO-
CIiTeJIbHOIi noJioce 9aCTOT
n Fl ,, 0,1 AT
CJIeJLoBaTejlbHO, BBeaeHHe OAHOrO ao6aBOLIHOF0 npocTefiiuero
(1a30BOrO MOj1yJ1uTopa pacuiHpueT fOJ1OCy MOAyJIHpYIOIULIX qaCTOT
B n pa3. 1ZpaKTHLIeCKH BeJIHL1HHa n H3MepHeTCH 06bILIHO JZeCHTKaMH1
nO3TOMy 3(p(JeKTHBHOCTb TaKoro McTOAa BecbMa Be,'uuca,
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
EcJIH tlaCTOTa F2 = nF, = n2 F UN Bce we McHbthe 3ajlaHHOl3
t1aCTOTbI FMaKC, TO CJIeayeT nociie eLue oAHoro yMHO)KeHH1 HecyuLeli
LIBCTOTbI B n pa3 BHOBb BBeCTH npOCTeli1lIHIi (pa30Bbl}( MOAyJIATOp,
H T. A. CKeJ1eTHaI cx Ma TaKoro McToaa MOAyJIHIthH np11BeAeHa
Ha pnc. 1.
TlpH HaJIH4HH'm npOOTeiIIuHX q)a30BbIX MOAyJIBTOpOB TaKHM
CH0006oM MO)KHO OCYLUeCTBHTb 9aCTOTHyIO MOAYJIHUIIK) B HOJIOCe
qaCTOT ,
Ftartc =nm-(0,1 f(5)
MuH
Z[JIR oUeHKH 3(p()eKTHBHOCTH OnHCb1BaeMOrO cnoco a CpaBHHM
ero c ApyrHMH cnoco6aMn.
rlycTb, HanpHMep f = 10-3 ('ITO npF6JIH3HTeJIbHO cooTBeTCT-
ByeT paAHOBeLuaTeJIbHO1i iaCTOTHOI%1 MOJI?yJIAUHH), a canaR HH3KaR
tlaCTOTa MOAyJTHUHH F. = 50 214, Toraa OAHH npocTeNnIHli MO-
j1?yJIHTOp (m = 1) corvlacHO (3) o6ecne9HT MoAyJIHuHIO B nciioce
qaCTOT
FMaKC = 0 1 f = 0,1 = 100,
FMUK A f 10-s
FuaKc = 100 F,HUK ='100.50 = 5000 214.'
1-lpn 3TOM coriiacro (1) HCXOAHafl HecyLuaH 9acTOTa, Ha KOTO-
pofi pa60TaeT (pa30BbIti MOAyJiRTOp, AOJDKHa 6bITb Bb16paHa paB-
HOIi
= (5 = 10) FAtaKC = 40 11214.
Ec.IH nociie yMHO)KeHHH HecyILLeIi LIaCTOTbI fp B n = 0,1 f
100 pa3, T. e. Ha '-IacroTe 4 Ale t4, BBeCTH ewe oAHH npoCTei[Hlui1
q)a30BbIii MOAyJJ51TOp, TO MO)KHO OCyUJ.eCTBHTb MOAyJIRuHIO tlaCTO-
TaMH OT 5 Ao 5 . 100 = 500 Ketf, T. e. o6iuan OTIIOCHTeJIbHaB no-
KZ4
JIOCa qaCTOT COCTaBHT 550 2l{ 104 = 1002, !ITO COOTBeTCTByeT
(popMyJle (5) [npH n = 100 H m = 2].
TaKHM o6pa3oM, AJISI noJlytleHHR LIaCTOTHOMOAyJIHpOBaHHbIX
KOJIe6aHHN B noiioce qaCTOT OT 50 el4 Ao 500 1C014 npH BbIXOAHOf'I
tiaCTOTe 4 weet4 B J1 HHOM CJlytlae, KpOMe 3aAaioLuero (KBapue-
Boro) reHepaTOpa, Tpe6yeTCI ABa npocTeIimHX (pa30BbIX MOAyJ1H-
Topa I H nPHMepHO 100-KpaTHbIli YMHO)KHT'eJlb 'IaCTOTbI (6-7 Kac-
KaAOB yABOeHHH 'IaCTOTbI HJIH 4-5 KaCKaAOB yTpoeii n Ii T. n.).
I TaKHe MOAyJlHTOpbI, Kai{ noKa3aH0 HH)Ke, YA06HO OCYH(eCTBHTb Ha oAHOM
J UM' HecKOJIbKHX KpHCTaJIJIH4eCKHX AHOAaX, npMMeHAH Jianny (TpHOA) JIHWb
B KB4eCTBe yCHAHTeJISI,
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
B ueJIOM JI,JIH ocyLuecTBJIemi5I Moro MOayJISiLHOHHoro YCTpONCTBa
Tpe6yeTCSi 5-10 JIaMn.
1-1pH HCHOJIb3OBaHHH 06bILIHbIX McTOJOB, T. e. 6e3 pa3,aeJIeHHH
CneKTpa MOJ yJIHpyIOHWHx 4aCTOT, aim o6ecne4eHHS1 (pa30BOi MO-
JyJ151uHH B TOi )Ke rio ioce qaCTOT (OT 50 ei4 Jjo 500 Kato IICXOaHa5i
HecyLuaSi a[oji>Kiia 6b1Tb Bb16paHa corJiaCHO (1) paBHON 4 meaty.
11pH 3TOM, KaK CJIeAyeT H3 H3JI0]KCHHOFO BbIHIe, MOAyJ151LH5i B no-
Jioce 4aCTOT OT 5 Ket{. Jo 500 Katy MO>KeT 6bITb ocyLueCTBJIeHa c no-
MOLUbIO npOCTeihllero (pa30B000 MOJyJIHTOpa, T. e. Ha CaMO1i HH3-
KO1F1 4aCTOTe, paBHOii 5 Kato, HHJ(eKC MOAyJ15TLHH COCTaBHT
0,5-1 paduaH. UJIH o6ecne4eHHfl MOJIyJIFIIUHH Ha 4aCTOTe 50 at(
noTpe6yeTC2 HHJeKC MOAyJIHLHH B 100 pa3.6OJIb1IIHli, T. e. paBHbIrf
50-100 paduaii. Rpm KaCKaJ[HOM coeJLHHeHHH npocTefLHHx MOJty-
JIHTOpOB [JI. 8, 9] noTpe6yelc5i 50-100 KaCKa2ZOB MOJyJIIUHFI,
BMeCTO KOTOpbIX MO}KeT 6bITb B3HTO 10-20 (pa3HTpOHOB [JI. 6, 7],
HT.n.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, B JaHHOM cJiy4ae ?MeTOA pa3JeJIeHHfl CneKTpa
MoAyJ1HpytoLwnx qaCTOT aaeT ynpoweHlie CXeMbI B HeCKOJIbKO pa3.
Bo.lee Toro, yIHTbIBafl CJIO}KHOCTb COnp5}KeHH51 plIJta npOCTbIX
MOJ[yJIHTOpOB, B03paCTaIOH.[y}O C yBeJIH4eHHeM HX 4HCJIa, CJIeAyeT
C'HTaTb, 4TO B aaHHOM CJiyiae McTOJI, pa3JeJ1eHH51'CneKTpa MOAy-
JlHpyloLuHX 4aCTOT flBJ15ieTC5i eJWHCTBeHHbIM, KOTOpbIH npaKTH-
LIeCKH npHeMJIeM. EcJIH noJioca qaCTOT lullpe, 4eM B HaLHeM npl-i-
Mepe (50 at - 500 Katy), TO npeHMYLUeCTBa OfHCbIBaeMOI'O McTOAa
CT'aHOBHITCH ewe 6o.iee 3Ha4HTeJIbHbIMH.
3. Cor.macoBaHHe 4)a30BbIX MOAyJ1SITOPOB
OnpeaeJIHM yCJIOBHH, nDH KOTOpbIX aMnJIHTyJHO-4aCTOTHaH
XapaKTepHCTHKa MOJ(YJ1HLHOHHOro yCTpONCTBa (cM. pnc. 1) paBHo-
Mepna, T. e. HanpmKeHHe Ha BbIXOJe 4aCTOTHOFO aHCKpHMHHa-
Topa, BKJII04eHHOrO 'noc.ie nocjieafiero (pa30Boro MOJ[yJIHTOpa, He
3aBHCHT OT 4aCT'OTbI MoAyJlHpylowerO Hanp5l}KCHH5I B 3aaaHHOI
no.noce OT F.s,uH ?,iLO F,aKC.
JJ15I npOCTOTbI BbIKJIaJOK npeanod70]KIIM, 4T'O BCe (pa30Bbie MO-
JyJIHTOpbI Fu eHTH'HbI, T. e. HMeIOT paBHYIO KPYT143Hy npeo6pa30-
BaHH51 MOAyJIHpyIOIuerO HanpH}KeHH51 B (pa3y KOJIe6aHHcl Hanp5i-
}KeHHH BbICOKON 4aCTOTbI S, Bblpa}KCHHYIO,B pajuaHaX Ha BOJIbT.
KpoMe Toro, 6yaeM C'HTaTb, 4TO nOCTOHHHbie BpeMeHH HHTerpH-
pylolill-IX ue1704eK Bb16paHbl, KaK o6b14HO, B COOTBeTCTBHH C MHHH-
MaJIbHb1MH MOAyJIHpy1OLuHMH 4aCTOTaMH nOJIOC, B KOTOPbIX OHH
pa60TaIOT, T. e.
FaK R 1
=FlR2C2=?.,=.Fk-1 RkCk=a,
(6)
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
npHUeM a >> Tax LITO xo9(p(kHw-leHTbl nepe1ja9H uenoT-'eK
MO?KHO CTIHTaTb paBHbIMH
_ 1 _ 1 ti PMUH
KHt-I+j2rFR,C, F j2raF
I+j2ra F
fuH
F,
Ku j2raF
F2
Ku3~ j2raF
flyCTb BXOAHOe Moj1,yJIHpyloluee HanpsaxceHHe CHHyCO11J1aJIbHO,
T. e. e8 = A sin 2 t, HJIH, B KOMBJIeKCF[ON (~OpMe, E6 = A e3 e t =
==Aej2 rFt rAe amnJIIITyAa A nocTOBHHa. Hanpstx(eHHe Ha
(7)
d
MHOJMlaTP/IU
3a
aro~ua
KBapuelMa
3PHeparo 1
'Pa3OBaru
MOdynfTnop
vac
BT2,
moma
pa3
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I MHOJN IIT09U
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ri
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0
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BXOAe nepBOrO (a3oBoro. Mo,LLyJJwropa, nocJIe ]IpoxO>KAeHHH E3x
tlepe3 IIOJIOCOBOII (JI[JIbTp C KOMnJIeKCHbIM K03('1(jJHnHeHTOM He-
pe)iaylI Kt (j 2) H HHTerpHpylotuylo uenotiKy Rt CI, paBHo
2) j2 r. Ft. I eUUH
Et=EaxKt(jKHAe K,(l ~) .j2raF (8)
ca3OBbIN MoJlyJIHTOp npeo6pa3yeT 3T0 I-Ianp D1 eHHe B H3Me-
HeHHe (!a3b1 BbICOKOR 4aCTOTbI, paBHoe
(t) = SE, = SA KI (j 2) F,auH ej2.,.Ft (9)
aTOMy H3MeHeHHIO (lJa3bl COOTBeTCTByeT H3MeHeHHe tLaCTOTbI
i wi (t) - d 1 (t) =SAKE (j 2)- F,,a H ej2,,Ft (10)
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
B AaJIbHekmUeM uacTOTa KoJIe6aHH1 w1, a cJle,R0BaTeJ1bxo, H
ee H3MexeHHe A w1 (t) yMHO)KHIOTCH B nl n2 ... nk - 1 pa3,1 IIo-
3TOMy HaHpSI?KeHHe Ha Bb1XOAe uaCTOTHoro jaHCKpHMHHaTOpa
paaxo
U1eKeHHSI o6ecne-
tIHBaIOTC9 npaKTHtgeCKH npu ocJia6JIeHHH BbICOKHX qaCTOT, AaBae-
MOM uenOtIKOM HHTerpHpyiowerO THna. PHC. I B 3TOM CJlytlae
HpHHHMaeT BHA, nOKa3aHHbJN Ha pic. 2.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
ECJIH Bb16paTb "IOCTOSiHHble BpeMeHH TaKHX RC uenotieK H3
yCJIOBHH
FIR,'Cj=F2CzRz=...FtRkCk=2~ (15)
H OAHOBpeMeHHO nOJIO}KHTb a = R , TO HeTPYAHO BHJ(eTb, LITO
aMIIJIHTyJ(HO-LIaCTOTHa5I xapaKTepHCTHKa MOA.yJIHLLHOHHOFO ycTpol3-
CTBa K(j 2) nony'iaeTCH paBHOMepHON C BbICOKOII CTeneHbIO TOt1-
HOCTH.
LeLICTBHTeJIbHO, eCJIH B (~opMyJIaX AJIH K03(1CI]HL[HeHTOB nepe-
AatIH HHTerpHpyioLuHX LlenotleK (7) 'He npeHe6peraTb eaHHHUe13
B 3HaMeHaTeJIe, TO lipH a=,-, BMeCTO HpH6JIH}KeHHOH (JOpMyJlbl
(14), IOJIy1IHM TOLIHyIO ()OPMyJIy
F F
K(j2)=So2rF_I[Ki(j2) 1FuuF K2(12) 1 F'F +
-~j um +1
Mux 17,
F
+14(12) j Fk-t
1 +j F
Fk-1
B 3TOH (popMyJle BeJIHI-IHHbI Km(j 2) B COOTBeTCTBHH C
AyeT npHHHTb paBHbIMH
K ('o)
- I -
-
1 / 1+j2-FR'Ci 1+j F ,
F1
?1 1
1-{-j2nFR2C2+ F ;
z
H T. J(., noc ie tiero(16) npHHHMaeT BHA
F
2)=Sa2rFk_.t
j
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j
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1}jFF -I-jF,
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(16a)
(166)
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jF 1
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IIOCKOJIbKy corJIaCHO (12) LiaCTOTbl F,,,ux, FI, F2 H T. A. CHJIbHO
OTJIHLIaIOTCH Apyr OT apyra, TaK LITO Fm=nmFm_ I, rAe nm-6oJib-
H.IHe KO3(!.)4)HLWeHTbI yMHO}KeHHH ?HOp}IAKa HeCKOJIbK.HX AeCHTKOB, TQ
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
1+j-I-- 1+j F I+j , 1+J
FA1t1H 1 F, F,
1+j F2 1+j F,
O4eBHj[HO, 410 CyMMa Mx paBHa eAHHHue.
TaKHM o6pa3OM, q)OpMyJIa (17) AJIA JI]o60r1 4aCTOTbI F, OTBe-
'iaiolueii I1epaBeHCTBy FMUH Fn_,I.
4aCTOTHble HCKa}KeHHA, Bblpa}KaeMble 4J0pMyJIaMH (19) H (20),
lie HBJI51OT'C 1 CneuHljH4eCKllMll aMl McTo) a pa3,aeneHFIH CneKTpa
MOJiyJIHpyIOHwHX 4aCTOT. TaKHe )Ke HCKa}KeHHS1 HMeIOT McCTO M
spit o6bl4HOIl (pa30BOA MOAyJ lIUHH, T. e. B TOM CJIyiae, KOrJLa
cneKTp MOAyJIHpyIO11HX 4aCTOT He pa3AeJIeH. DTO BHAHO, B 4$CT-
p,JIA Jllo6o1 4aCTOTbI F M03KHO noJiytiHTb aOCTaTOqHO T04Hoe 31-fa Ie-
HMeK(jQ), yaep}KFIBafl B KBaApaTHbIX CK06Kax 4)OpMyJIbI (17) ono
HJIH j[Ba cJlaraeMblx. TaK, HanpiMep eCJIM FMUHKCJIaTC:IbHO HMeTb
3Ha4NTeJIbH0 Mel{ iue, IieM R.
MOMKeHa B 6 pa3 AJISI HOJIyteHHSI BbIXOAHOfl 'IaCTOTbI f
(400 Mea14), TO H .MaKCHMaJIbHbH HHAeKC MOAyJ151UHH Ha 9aCTOTe f
H03pacTCT B 6 pa3, T. e. CTaHeT paBHbIM 6 paduaH AJIH Bcex Moay-
JIHPyIOLUHX 1-IaCTOT F (rnpHIMaH ka Ha pHc. 12). Tat oMy HHAeKCY
MOAyJIA! HH COOTBeTCTByeT AeBHaL[HSI '-IaCTOTbI :1 f = (D F, AuHe]ino
B03paCTaioLua5i c yBeJIH9eHHeM F H AOCTHra ou aH 36 Aieet4 HPIi
F =,6 .ze i (npHMasi oa Ha pHc. 12).
MaKCHMaJIbHO aOnYCTHMa5i jeBHaIjHSI ~iaCTOTbI orpaLiHtexa
HOJIOBHHOIt LHHPHHbI HOJIOCbI HpOIIyCKaHHB rlepe)aTtFKa H HpHeM-
HHKa, T. e. B AaHHOM ciiytIae oHa awJw)KHa 6bITb He 60Jiee A f =
_ f, _ ?4 "22214 = 12 Meru. IIpH TaKOM orpaHHVeHHH (KpHBaH oc)
MaKCHMaJIbHO AOHYCTHMbJH HHaeKC MOAyJ1HLWHH p c yBednnteHHeM
MOayJIHpyK)LL(eH LiaCTOTbi F awiI]Ket MOHOTOHHO yMeHbLHaTbCH AO
2 Ha tiaCTOTe 6 meat (KpHBaH kc). KaK OrOBOpeHO B HCXOaHbIX
AaHHbIX aJISI HpoeKTHpOBaHH51, IIa 9aCTOTax, 6,TIH3KHX K FuaKc=
=6 .Nteatf, BO3MO>KHa5i rJIy6HHa MOayJIS1LWH He rlpeBblWaeT 50%
MaKCHMaJIbHOlI. IIO3TOMy C HOMOHjb}O KoppeKTJIpylonwX uenell
y XapaI(TepHCTHKH p = p(F) MO)K T 6bITb OCyweCTBJICH CHaA Ha
4aCTOTe FraKC = 6 Maa14 He aO BCJIH~IHHbI p = 2, a ao p=4, T. e.
XapaKTepHCTHKa AOJUKHa HMCTb K3aBaJt> HpHMepHO Ha 3 06 Ha
LIaCTOTe F = 6 Ataaq (KpHBaH kb Ha pHc. 12). 3TO M03KCT 6bITb
AOCTIirHyTO ByTeM BBeaeHHSI B CeTO11HY10 uellb MOJ JISLTOpHO1i
.RaMHbI ueHO'1KH RC (CM. puC. 1 1) ,
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
HaJII3t-IHe eMKOCTH C BeJIHt1HHoI3 B HeCKOJIbKO ,1ICCSITKOB IIHKO-
Chapall }KeJIaTeJlbxo TaKwe C TO4KH 3peHHfl yCTOfPIHBOII pa6OTbI
3TOII J1aMHb1 KaK yCHJIHTe.Ii BbICOKOI1 LIaCTOTbl C 3a3eMJIeHIIOH CeT-
KOK. B xa9eC'rBe COHpOTHBJiel-IMO R MWKCT 6blTb, O' CBHJL11O, HC-
rIOJIb3OBa1-10 Bb1XOJH0e COHPOTHB,JIeHHe HpewH1eCTByioL1LeH l CIIM
MOJy.JIHpyIou.Lero cHrHaJIa. CKeJIeTHa 1 CXeMa nepeaaT'IHKa B He-
JIOM HpHBeaeHa Ha pHC. 13. YgHTblBafl, 4TO (pa30Bb111 MoJyJulTOp
3a8arouKHd 6b1Tb Bb16paHa'Taii, 11To6b1
i-ia caMON HH3KON yaCTOT'e M0RyJIfluHIi F,v?UU = 50 211 Bb1HO IIIMJIOCb
I CXeMa pHC. 11 MOW.CT 6bITb IiCH0JIb30BaHa JJJlfl aMIIJIIITYU110I MOjLVJIfl-
qHli, eCJIH yCTpaHHTb eMKOCTb Ca. TIpi orlpeaeJICHHb1X yCJIOBIl4X aMIiJIHTyjINo-
MojLyJIHp0BaHHb1e KOJlc6a HHfl MoryT 6bITb yCHJieHbl B yMHOMi1ITeJIiX IMCTOTbi.
TaK101 o6pa3oM, pHc. 13 rlpc)lcTaBJIfleT Co6oi cxeMy nepeaaTVIIKa JI116o c aM-
IIJIHTyjIHO}I, JIH60 C cpa30B0Ii MOJyJIHUMei B 3aBHCHM0CTH OT Toro, BKJI10!ICHa
1ijiii He BKJIio9eHa CMKOCTbCI B cxeMe.M0jlyJI9T0pa (pHC. 11).
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
HepaBeHCTBO 2 F I C' KHa 6bITb Bb16paHa COOTBeTCTBeHHO nOHH}KeHHON.
Ha OTHOCHTeJIbHO HH3KFIX HeCymHx 4aCTOTax (jio I meetf) XopO-
aiue pe3yJlbTaTbI ,L aeT cxeMa (pa30BOro MO,4yJI51T'Opa, npuBeJjeH-
IiaH Ha pHC. 91. Ka}KJ(bIII JjHOJI?B 3TOli cxeMe o6ecne4HBaeT JjeBHa-
IjuiO 4)a3bl, paBHy1O 90?; OHTHMaJIbHOe 4iCJIO RHOAOB B Held - n0-
p5IJjKa aeCHTH, HOCKOJIbKy npH COKpaujeHHH 4vic is AuOaOB, Hanpli-
Mep Ao nSITH, nOTpe6yeTCSI BBe4eHHe AOnOJIHHTeJIbHOFO y4BOeHHSI
4aCTOTbI (J(JISI y,L BOeHHA JIeBHau.HH (pa3bl). UpH 3TOM COKpaTHTCIu
nojioca MOJjyJIHpyIouwx iaCTOT J(JISI BTOrO MOayJIHTOpa. YBeJIH4e-
HHe we 4Hcjia aMOJ(OB Jjo 20, aaionjee BKOHOMHIO Ha OJ(HH yJ[BOH-
TeJIb 4aCTOT'bI, npHBOJ(HT K CyLueCTBCHHOMy yCJIO}KHeHHIO MO) y-
JIHTOpa H ero peryJIHpOBKH. MOJjyJ1BTOp, BKJIiogaiotiwil 10 J);HOJjOB,
AaeT . eBHaqufO (pa3bl prraxc= ?450? (?2,5 it paduan). F103TOMY
corJiaCHO (popMy.i e (4) c ieJjyforuai aHaJIOrHMHbIi (pa30BbIfI MO-
J.I,YJISITOP JaoJDKeH - 6bITb BKJno'eH noc ie yMHO}KeHIIS1 4aCTOTbI
B 4HCJIO pa3 He 60Jlbiuee, 4eM
Y.uaKC
f 2,5 r 400 ,izz-
27..
Vf _ 10 -12-,f 2 Z-1y
(27)
I-Ia 6oJiee BbICOKHX HecyujFx 4aCTOTax (,10 10 r1s a14) cxeMa
pIIC. 9 Taioxe Mo}KeT 6biTb npuMefieHa, ORHaKO ucnoJib3oBaHHe
B Hell 6o.nee 4 AHOJjOB CB5I3aHO C TeXHH4eCKHMH TpyJ(HOCTSIMH.
I IIpli 0HTHMaJIb1H0M Bb16ope COrIpoTHBJIeHHIi RI - R;; B 3T0B CXeMe K034J-
(pnIAI1CHT HeJ1lilleliHblX iicKa)KeHHI4 rlpll pa3HbIX rJIy6HHaX MOJi JIBUHH He npe-
BblwaeT 5-7% (npH 113MepCFTHII ero C BbJXOJ(a 4aCTOTHOro aHCKpHMI4HaTopa).
30
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
HaKOHeq, CXeMbl pHC. 7, 6 H pHC. 11, n03BOJulloL He noJrytHITb
HHAeKC MOAyJIHUHH nopgaim ?lpaduaH., MOryT 6brrb HIMIMCHC11bi
Ha CaMbIX BbICOKHX iaCTOTa) AJ1H 9THX CXeM COOT BeTCTByIOLUHFU
Ko3(~q)I1uHeHT yMHO)+( HHH OT MOAyJIATOpa AO MOAyJISITOpa paBell
'fmaxc f 1 400 3. .(28)
n2- - = 10' 12
HOCKOJIbKy 111 H n2 KpaTHbI TpeM, B KatieCTBe yMHO)KHTeJIeH
qaCTOTbI, CT05HjHX Me}KAy (Pa30BbJMH MOAYJ12TOpaMH (pHc. 1-3),
uennecoo6pa3HO npHMeHHTb yTpOHTeJIH tIaCTOTbi. r10 coo6pa}Ke-
HI'ISIM, npHBeAeiIHbIM npH o60CHOBaHHH BapHanTa c (j)a30BOf1 MO-
AyJiSIuHeH (pHc. 13), Hecyu],ylo tIaCTOTy noc.ueAliero ())asoBoro
MOAyJIRTOpa yAo6HO Bb16paTb paBHOfl 400 = 66,67 AI2z14, T. e.
noc ie MOAyJ1 1TOpa HpHMeHHTb yMHO}KeHHe gaCTOTbi B 6 pa3. CJie-'
AOBaTeJIbHO, o6HjHH KO3c14HuHeHT yMHO)KeHH I tlacTOTbI 6yAeT
HMeTb BHA
N=2 . 3 - . (29)
1-IOCKOJIbKy MaKCHMaJIbHb1H HHAeKC MOAyJ151WHH Ha BbIxoAe ne-
peJlaTtlHKa (26) paBeH Txatcc = 2,4. 101 paduax, a (jJa30Bblri MO-
AyJ151TOp, pa60TaIOMHfi Ha HCXOAHOH (caMOIi HH3KOfi) HeCyIi eii
tiacTOTe, MO)KeT AaTb HHAeKC MoAyJIAuHH, paBHbIII 2,5z paduati,
MHHHMaJIbHOe 3HatleHHe
2,4 ? 10? a
NA. = 2,5 z 3 10 .
IIpH m = 9 B CDopMyJie (29) noJlytlaeM AOCTaTOgHoe 311aLieHHe
N-= 39 366. OTCioaa A115i HCXOAHOII HecylueH gaCTOTbI HMeeM:
fo- f 400 .n1224
- 10,161 Kzt;.
N 3 J 366
MaKcHMaJIblibIH HHAeKC MoJyJISiuHH Ha 3TOH TgaCTOTe
aduau,
o fo _ I _ A f _ 1 12 ~I12214 10161 zu--6,1 =Faux F,+tux f f? p
(PoAtan7c 50 214 400.412214
T. e. nepBb1H (4Ja30BbIH MOAyJIHTOP AoJi)KeH COAep)KaTb 8 AHOAoB,
o6ecnetgiBalolunx AeBHaunJo (pa3b1 2 T = 6,28 paduai.
foc.ne yMHOx:eHHH 'IaCTOTbI B 27 pa3 (pHc. 17), T. e. Ha 4a-
CTOTe f 1--- 274 icet , AoJIx(eil 6bITb BBeAeH BTOpOH (1)a30Bblf MO-
AyJI ITOp THna, noKa3aHHOrO Ha pHC. 9. )i,eBHauHH (pa3bI AJIR Hero
coriiacnO (popMy.ne (27) AoJDKHa ' COCTaBJIHTb 2,5 it, T. e. 9TOT.
31
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
MO,ayJISITOp , OJI}KeH coJI,epwaTb 10 JI,HOISOB. r10CJfe yMlio}KeHH5I BbI-
XOJJHOII 4aCTOTbI 3T01'O MOJjyJIlTOpa Mo)KeT 6bITb npHMeHeH aHa-
JIOrH4fibl1l cpa30BbIA MO,L1yJI51TOp, HO C MaJIbIM 4IHCJIOM J[HOJjOB.
IIpHHHMafl 4HCJIO aHOgOB paBHbIM 4eTbIpeM, nOdIy4HM MaKCHMaJIb-
Hyio JjeBHauHIO q)a3bI, paBHV1o 'c, T. e. B 2,5 pa3a McHblue, 4eM
Tpe6yeMafl no c~opMyJIe (27), IO3TOMy MO}KeT 6bITb npHMeHeH
K03cjd)HuueliT yMHo)KeHu I, paBHbI11 9 (BMeCTO 27) H Hecywan 4a-
CTOTa AJ1H J[aHHOFO MOJjyJf5lTOpa COCTaBJIHeT
f2=274 ? 9 itzu=2,466 mzzty.
B aaJlbHeflweM aOJDKHbI 6bITb npFMeHeHbl ewe TPH MOJIyJIA-
TOpa no cxeMe, nOKa3aHHON Ha pHC. 7, 6 (I4JIH pHC. 11), nepe.i
Ka}KJjbIM -H3 KOTOpbIX COr.1aCHo cpopMyJle (28) . oji>KeH 6bITb npe-
JjyCMOTpeH yTpOWreJlb 4aCTOTbI.
ao'alou~uu
rBapgedur
ee/leparcp
roanamr
a BUduoo Y
dip -t2ff
MHOO/Ca7eA MN09/ourejm
4uamornb/ 4aom0!/lbl
827pa3 89pa3
/7M=I /2
II M3
d =flfl
B ueJIOM cxeMa HMeeT BHa, noKa3aHHbIN Ha pHC. 17. K 4HCJIy
He,aOCTaTKOB c.neayeT OTHeCTH ee CJIO}KHOCTb (corJlaCHo p14c. 17
o61uee 4HCJiO KaCKaJ(OB He McHee BOceMHaauaTH) H Heo6XOJiH-
MOCTb Bb16opa HH3KO1%I HCXOaHOI1 Hecyluel4 4aCTOTbI. floCJIeJIHee
npHBoJwT' KaK K 3aTpy,rweHH5iM CO CTa6HJIH3aune1 4aCTOTbi (He-
o6XOIgHMO npHMeH51Tb HH3K04aCTOTHbIcl KBapu Ha 10 FCe HJIH 6o-
JIee BbICOKo4aCTOTHb1YI KBapueBbIN reHepaTOp C J[eJIHTeJIeM 4a-
CTOTbI), TaK H K OIIBCHOCTI-I noHBJIeHHH a OnOJIHHTeJIbHbIX Hanpfl-
}KeHHl'I noMeX, o6yCJIOBJIeI-IHbIX npoxo}Kj eHHeM H113K04aCTOTHbIX
HeCyWHX Ha BbIXOJj nepeaaTgFKa. aii51 npeaOTBpau),eHH5I 9TOI-0
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
KOHTypbl COOTBe'TCTBYIOLLIHX' yMHO)KHTeJIeH LiaCTOTbI JIOJI>KHbI o6-
JIaAaTb, Hap51JIy C Heo6xoaHMon no.rioco i nponyCKaHH5l, AocTa-
TOLIHbIMH CJ.)HJIbTpy1OLn,HMH CBOHCTBaMH. B CB513H C 9TIIM MO>KeT
BO3HHKHYTb Heo6xoaHMOCTb npFMeHHTb JIByXKOHTYPHb1e allOJIHbie
Harpy3KH, KLHyHTbl>>. H , HaCTpOeHHble Ha BpeAHble ICOM-
nOHeHTbl.
KaK KOMnpOMHCCHbIH BapHaHT Me>KAy CJa30BOI (pHC. 13) 19
LIaCTOTHOA (pHC. 17) MOAyJISIuHeH MO}KeT 6bITb npHMeHeHa cxeMa
C ABYM5i-TpeM5i (Pa30BbIMH MOAyJISITopaMH, pa60TaIOLL1,HMH Iia
Hat16oJlee BbICOKHX LIaCTOTaX. TaKOMy BapHaHTy npaKTHL1eCKH He
CBONCTBeHHb1 nepeLIHCJ1eHHb1e BbILIIe HeaoCTaTKH H yCJIO>KHeHHH.
3ao'arou~au
(Klapaedbn2)
eHepamop
f = Meeq
Oa3O b&U
Modynamop
drT=!tpad.
L
Ympoumenb
vacmombi
Maaynupyaacee
MappA3rce1Ue
4~03Obbiu
Moagnamop
d~a=*Ipad.
Yoboumenb
vacmombi
Ympotlmenb
aacmomm
YCUAUmellb
MOU{NOC111
Tax, HanpHMep, ec iu orpaHH1HTbCn JIBYM51 npoCTeliLLIIIMH MOJ[y-
JIATOpaMH THna, KaK Ha pHC. 7, 6 (H.TIIi 11), To cxeMa npHHHmaeT
BHA, noxa3aHHbHl Ha pHC. 18. B CyLL HOCTH oxa rlpeAcTan.r1;IeT co-
60H HeCKOJIbKO OKOHegHbIx KaCKaAOB CXeMbI pHC. 17 C 3aMeH01 i
IIpeAWeCTByIO1I[HX KaCKaAOB li13ap1jeBbIM relieparopoM. B cxe\Ie
pHc. 17 3TH KaCKaAbI o6ecneLllIBaJ1l4 LiaCTOTHYIO MOAVJIraUHIO B IHO-
noce LIaCTOT OT 0,667 Ao 6 iii. et.1. aJI, CaMOH HH3KOH MOj yJ1HpylO-
iaeii LIaCTOTbI 0,667 M204 Ha HecymeI.1 LIaCTOTe 22,4 Meat{ HHJIeKC
MOAy.IIHW1f1 MaKCHMaJIeH H cocTaBJIHeT 1 padtaau. flocjie yMHO-
}KeHHSI LIaCTOTbI Ha BbIXOJIe nepel aTLiPKa IIHJ~eKC MOA`,'JI 11II!H VBC-
JIHL1HBaeTC5i JIo 18. COOTBeTCTBeHHO noMexoVCTO!uugHBOCTb paXiO-
nepeAaLIH AJI51 noMexH 3TOi3 4IaCTOTbl (0,667 . ie r1) B 18 pa
Bbllle, LIeM npH aMnJIHTYAHOIH MOA.yJI51iLHH. C nOHH>KeHIieM MoJIV-
JlHpyloujeM LIaCTOTbI no CXeMe pHC. 18 HHJIeKC MOAyJI51LIIIH OCTaCTCH
HeH3MeHHbIM, a no CXeMe pHC. 17 HHAeKC MOAYJIIII[IIH H HOMeXO-
yCTO1~19HBOCTb OTHOCHTeJIbHO HOMeXH COOTBeTCTByloLuell L!aCTO'ri-,I
1303paCTalOT, JIocT'HraH corjlaCHO (26) Ha caM011 HH3KO13 LiaCTOTe
F,,,uk = 50 et BeJIHLIHHbI B 2,4. 105 pa3 6oJIbiue, LIeM npH aMnJilI-
TyJIHO i MOAyJI5IUHI4.
OaHaKO CTOJIb BbICOKYK) noMeXOyCTOHLIHBOCTb aJI5I HII3KOLIa-
CTOTHblX KOMnOHeHTOB LuyMa ciieJIyeT CLIHTaTb H3JIHIIIHeH. Bbl-
HrpbIUl noMeXOyCTOilLIIIBOCTII JIJ151 3THX KOMnOHeHTOB IuyMa
B 18 pa3, JlaBaeMbI1i cxeMoiH, nOKa3aHHO1i Ha pHC. 18, cJleAyeT, no-
3 TexanKa TeJleaMxean>, B. 23 33
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
13HJWIWMOMy, CIIHTaTb J(OCTaTOgHbIM. B 6onhulec NaC i. cneKTpa
(o T 667 K2t( Ao 7 .ae14) o6e cxeMbl (pNC. 17 H pHC. 18) o6ecne-
4HBafOT OAHIIaKOBy1O (IIaCTOTHyIO) MOAyJ151WNK) H JIHUlb B 11 %
nOJIOCbl .11acTOT (oT 50 21.1 Ao 667 icet?) noMexoyCTOIigIlBOCTb nep-
BO6I CXeMbI Bbilne, IIeM BTOpOcI. YYHTbIBaSI 3TO, FIOJIYYHM npaKTH-
I CKH OJ FIHaKOBYIO nOMeXOyCTO1it1HBOCTb AJIA o6e!x CXeM no OT-
HOHIeHHIO K 3(j](peKTHBHOMy 3Hat1eHH!O nOMeXH no BCeMy CneKTpy
(50 at - 6 i,uea4). 3T0 n03BOJI5ieT c-IHTaTb, IITO npaKTHtleCKH
B 60JIbWIIHCTBe CJfytlaeB 6oJiee ueJlecoo6pa3Hb1 npOCTble CxeMbI,
noKa3aHHble Ha pHC. 18 H 13, 11eM cxeMa, nOKa3aHHaR Ha pile. 17.
Pe310MHpy5f pe3yJlbTaTbl paCCMOTpeHHH McTOAOB IIaCTOTIIOYI
MOAyJIRUHH, npOBeAeHHOrO B Aa1IHO33 pa6oTe, MO}KHO OTMeTHTb
c.neAyioluee.
1. UJISI OCymeCTBJIeHH51 IIaCTOTHOfi MOJ(YJISIWNH TeJIeBH3HOHHbIM
CHrHaJIOM H306pa}KeH14551 B03M0}KHO npHMeHATb (lJa30ByIO I1o y-
J1H11,H10, AOnyCKa101uy1O HenOCpe,CTBeHHy1O KBapueByfo CTa6HJIH-
3auNld Hecyl.ueli (cpeAHeli) IlaeTOTbI. EJ&IIHCTBe.HHbIM npaKTHtIeCKH
npHeMJIeMbIM B 3TOM c iyLiae HBJI51eTC1 McTOA pa3AeJIeHH51 CneKTpa
MOJTyJiHpyIOHjHX 'aCTOT [f1. 10]. TeM He McHee B036yANTe.nb tfa-
CTOTHOMOAyJiHpOBaHHbIX KOJIe6aHHli (pNC. 17) noJiytlaeTC51 OTHO-
CHTeJ!b1IO CJIO}KHbIM.
2. Becbmla npOCTbIMH Cpe.CTBaMH MO}KeT 6bITb oeyiueCTBJIeHa
q)a30Baq HJIH 9aCTOTHO-(~a3OBaH MOAYJIHIH51 C MaKCHMaJibHbIM
NHJjeKCOM MO)IyJISIUHH (AJISi HH3KHX MOAyJIHpyloluHx IIaCTOT) no-
pNAKa 6-18. Bo36yaHTeJIH C TaKoA MoAyJISiuHefi (pNC. 13 N
pile. 18) no CJIO}KHOCTH 3KBHBaJIeHTHb1 B036yJTHTeJIRM c aMnJIHTyJT-
Hoi3 MOAyJ flU.Hec, OAHaKO nOMeXO3aiuH eHI-IOCTb pawHonepeAatla
no 3(!4eKTHBHOMy HanpH}KeHHIO IIIYMOB npaKTHtieCKH TaKa i }Ke,
KaK H npn IiaCTOTHOR MOayJIlUHH, T. e. B HeCKOJIbKO pa3 Bbjiue,
IIeM npN aMHJIHTyJl.HON, a no HH3KOIIaCTOT11bIM KOMnoHeHTaM my-
MOB - B IIIICJIO pa3, paBHoe MaKCHMaJIbHOMY HHJ(eKCY MOJJ.yJIH-
ultlf (6-18). IZpHeMHOe yCTpOHCTBO B AaHHOM CJIy'iae ycJIO}K-
H51eTC5I npi6JIH3HTeJIbHO Ha 2 peOCTaTHb1X KaCKaAa yeuJIeHNSI Ha
neHTOAax HJIH Ha 3-4 Kae aaa Ha TpHoaax.
3. 1-IOCKOJIbKy no noMeX03alnHlueIIHOCTH IIaCTOTHa 1 H tIaCTOTHO-
q)a30BaSI MOAy.JI5IuH5f npaKTHIeeKN 3KBHBaJIeHTHbI, HO B nepBOM
c.iytlae eylueCTBei-Ino YCJIO}KHeHO nepeialoluee yCTpOi1CTBo, a BO
BTOpOM - J1hIlllb He3Ha'HTeJIbHO npHeMHoe, e ieAyeT CT4HTaTb, tiTo
B 6OJIbIIIIIHCTBe e iytIaeB npo(lJeCCHOHaJIbHOK TeJIeBH3HOHHOIi CB23H
flaH60JIee ueJleeoo6pa3HO npHMeHHTb IiaCTOTHO-(1)a3oBy1o MOAy-
JISIuNfO (pHC. 13 H pHC. 16). flpHMeHeHHe IIaCTOTHOi3 MOAyJI51LNH
(pile. 17) MO}KeT HMeTb npaKTN4eCKHii CMbICJI JIHlIIb B Tex e iy-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
LIaiX, Kor,a OAHH nepe,taTtlHK pa6OTaeT Ha 60.nbLuoe KOJIVtieCTBo
npneMHHKOB, Tpe6OBannH54 K CTOHMOCTH FIJIH IiOpTaTHB1IOCTH KOTO-
pbIX BeCbMa BeJIHKH, TaK LITO BBeaeHHHe B HHX AByX-Tpex peoCTaT-
libIX KaCKaAOB yCHJteHHSi He]Ro IyCTHMO.
JIMTEPA TYPA
1. H. C. 1' 0 H 0 p 0 B C K H N. I-IaCTOTHaa MOAyJIHUHH H ee rlpliMexc}He,
CBB3bH3AaT, 1948.
2. P. B. Laeser, 50-kw F-M Transmitter, Electronics*, 1945, vol. 14; Ns 4.
3. F. A. Gunther, REL F-M Broadcast transmitters, FM and Tele-
vision, 1946; vol. 6, Ns 3, pp. 44-51.
4. A. ,J. A P T bl M. HoBbIfl McTOa q)a30BOA MOAyJIauHH, , 1955, T. 10, Ns 1.
5. A. A. 'A P T bl M. Cnoco6 Cpa30BOA MOAyJIHUNH. 3aaBKa Ns 14-0311
A1936-4184 OT 11 H0516p51 1952 r.
6. H. K. Bradford, Wide-Angle phase modulator, ?Electronics", 1947
vol. 20. Ns 2, pp. 100-103.
7. F. M. Bailcy, H. P. Thomas, Phasitron F-M transmitter, Electronics",
1946, vol. 19, Na 10, pp. 108-112.
8. K p O c 6 H. MHOrOKpaTHaB IIla30BaB MOAyJISIUHB, rlaTeHT CILIA
Ns 12.104.318.
9. C. B. fl e p C 0 H. Cxeraa tlaCTOTHON MOAyJIfluH11, FIpllOpHTCTHaa
cnpaslca Ns 13.4-86, MI1CC.
10. A. j1. A p T bl M. Cnoco6 OCyujeCTBJ1eHHH q)a30BOA MOJ1yJIBlli1l B u1H-
pOKOl nonoce MOA.yJlnpylOU[IIX gacTOT, 3aslBKa Ns A-11082 OT 29 HIo.iH 1955 r.
11. C. H. E B T n 11 0 B. 06 3KBHBaJIeHTHOCTH yCHJHITCJ1Cfl BbICOKOii H 11113-
Koil 9aCTOTbl, , 1948, Ns 4.
12. 6 o A e. TeopsH ueneii u npoeKTHpOBaHne yCHJI HTCJIeR c o6paTHOf1
CB513b10, f OCHHOH3AaT, 1948.
13. B. H. C H 4i O p 0 B. PaAHonpHeMHble yCTpOfICTBa, BoeHII3AaT, 1951 r.
14. 3. H. M o a e JI b, H. X. H e B A xc C K H H. Kypc pa anonepeAaTUHKOB,
CBH3b1I3AaT, 1940.
15. C. B. rl e p c o H. CxeMa paAHOBeutaTeJlbHblx nepeAal'IHKOB C 9aCTOT-
HON MOAyJIHuuerl, CCOBeTCKOe paano>, 1951.
16. F. A. 3eSTJleH0K H E. H. KaMe11CK11ff. Cnoco6 4)a30B01R
MOAyJ1Huus1. flpIlopHTeTllaa cnpaBKa, 1932.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
METOJJ OfPEJIEJIEHHSI HEJIHHEAHOCTH PA3BEPTKH
1IEPE)JAIOIIAHX TEJIEBH3HOHHbIX CHCTEM
B CTaTbe paccrfOTpeH McTOA, OnpeAeJIeHHH HeJIHHelHOCTH pa3BepTKH He-
peAaIOapiX TeJIeBH3HOHIIb1X CHCTeM, n03BOJIAIOI1,HI1 H3MCpBTb K034 4MhtLueHT He-
JIIIHerMOCT11 C TO4HOCTbIO AO AOJlek npOAeHTa. McTOJ( OCfiOBaH iia cpaBHeIu1
AJIHTCJIbHOCTeI3 HMIiyJTbCOB, nOJIyReHHbIX B pe3yjlbTaTe npoeKTHpOBaHHA OBTH-
wcKoll pevieTK11 Ha (4OTOKaTO4 IiJIH M03aHKY nepeaaiou(eA Tpy6KH.
B noCJIe,Hee BpeMSR npoSIBJIReTCi 6oilbinoe cTpeMJIeHHe npn-
MeI-IHTb TeJIeBH3HOHHYIO TeXHHKY B o6JlaCTH TOLIHbIX H3MepeHHH.
ECTeCTBeHno, LITO AJIH TOLIHbIX H3MepeHHH nepe4aioHua5I LIaCTb
TeJIeBH311011FI0i%I CHcTeblbl AOJI}KHa o6JIaAaTb BeCbMa KatIeCTBeHHOf1
pa3BepTKOI'I, JIHHeHHOCTb KOTOpOH AOJI)KHa 6bITb BbinOJIHeHa
C 60./IbIIiO}I CT'cneHb1O TOLIHOCTH. OAHaKO CO3AaTb KatieCTBeHHyIO
pa3BePTKy npH OTCyTCTBHH McT'OAa, n03BOJIflIOWerO C AOCTaTOtJHOIi
TOLIHOCTbIO oueHHTb ee, IIeB03M0}KHO.
KaK 143BeCTHO, CyLIJecTByIOHI,He B HaCTOHuJee BpeMSI McTOAbI
onpeAeJIeHHA HeJIHHeMHOCTH pa3BepTKH TeJIeBH3HOHHbIX nepeAalo-
IAHX CHCTeM BeCbMa rpy6bl. IIpaKTn ieCKH TOIIHOCTb B jiy'iileM
CJiytlae He npeBOCXOAHT 10-15%. HHuKe npHBeAeH McTOA, 1103BO-
Jinion HP, OnpeAeJIHTb HeJIHHei3HOCTb pa3BepTKH nepeialonleli cli-
CTeMbI C TOLIHOCTbIO AO AeCHTbIX AOJieh npoL eHTa. CyIIIHOCTb Me-
TOAa 3aKJIIOtlaeTC51 B CJIeAylomeM.
Ha (POTOKaTOA HAM M03aHKy nepeAalome)1 TeJIeBH3HOHHOr4
Tpy6KH IPOeKTHpyeTC51 113o6pa>KeHme peIHeTKH, COCTOAn1,ef H3
TeMHbIX H CBeTJIbIX HO./IOC paBHOfl IHHpI1HbI. I.I.IHpHHa no ioc AOJI]KHa
COOTBCTCTBOBaTb npHBeAeHHOiI HH}Ke pactleTHOId BejiHIIHHe. I-lo-
HSITHO, 'ITO BHAeOCHrHaJI 6yAeT HMeTb BHA npHMOyFOJIbHbIX HM-
nyJIbCOB, liaCTOTa KOTOPbIX COOTBeTCTByeT LIaCTOTe CJIeAOBaH1151
nOJIOC peuieTKH. aJIHTeJIbHOCTH )Ke 3THX HMIYJIbCOB, HeCMOTP51 Ha
CTporoe paBeHCTBO noJIOC, OKa K TCH pa3JIH91IbIMH B CHJIy HepaB-
HOMepI-HOli CKOPOCTH ABH}KeHHSI KOMMYTHPyIOIILer0 BJIeKTpOHHOI'o
nyLlKa.-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
nyCTb xa)K) oi'I TeMHOIi noJIoce peLueTI{II COOTBeTCTByeT Ha
BbIXOAe yCHJIHTeJIH HMIIyJlbC npnMOyrOJIbHOI'i (JOpMbI OTpHLaTeJlb-
HON noJIHpHOCTH. EcJIH 3ariHpaTb 3THMH IIMrIyJIbCaMH KacliaJj, CO-
Jep}KauzHH 3ap;3Jllylo Ljenb, TO Ha BbIXOAe eI'o IIOfIBHTC 1 HMnyJlbCbl
nHJ1oo6pa3HON (DOpMbl, aMIIJIHTy)ia KOTOpbIX 6yJle'I' COOTBeT-
CTBOBaTb aJIMTeJIbHOCTH 3arIUpaloflUJx HMfYJIbCOB (pIIC. 1).
KpHBaci, orH6alolua1 llHJ10o6pa3Hble HMnyJlbCbl, ABIITCA Xap31{-
TepHCTHKOI%I I-IeJIHHecHOCTH pa3BePTKH nepeJaloLuei CHCTeMbI.
Ha pHc. 2 nOKa3aHa HpHHUHnHaJIbHaA cxeMa, I1pI-IMel-iei1HaSi
JJISI 113MepeHHSI Ko3(f4i4mieHTa HeJ-HHeiIHOCTH pa3BepTK11.
I-Ia BXOJj KaTOAHOro nOBTOpHTeJ1 1 JJ, nojae'rc i B11,3eocnrllaJl-
HMnyJIbCbI IIp 1MOyrOJIbHON ()OpMbI OTPHuaTeJlbHOrl IlO,IIHpHOCTH.
AMnJIHTyja CHrHaj1a aomKHa 6bITb He Mel-lee 20 6. Bo H36e}Ka-
HHe OrpaHH'-IeHHn Ha ceTF{y KaTOJxoro nOBTOpHTeJIH no aeics nO-
JIO}KHTeJIbIIOe HanpH iceHHe nopHJl{a 30-40 e. Kacxajjbl J12 H 173
(jOPMHPYIOT nw11oo6pa3Hoe Hanpfl}KeHHe C BbICOKOI-l CTellelibIO
JIHIIeiiFIOCTH. XOTH B JaI-IHOM CJiy,Ia.e }KECTKIIX Tpe6oBaHH}i K .iI1-1-
HeNHOCTH He npeA'bIiBJIHeTCH, npHMeHeHHe 3TOII CXeMbI BbIrOJtlO
H B TOM OTHouleHHH, 'ITO OHa o6ecne'HBaeT 3Ha'IHTeJIbHylO aMHJIH-
TyJy.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
ITHnoo6pa3HOe Hanpsixceiiile (pHc. 1, 6), cflnMaeMoe c xaTOJja
J13i nojjaeTCR 4epe3 orpaHWIHTe.'Ib Jtr-u4 Ha KaTO,IHbH3 zjeTeKTOp
114. TIpOAeTeKTHpOBaHHble KoJIe6aHHH nepeJ.T.alOTCH Ha yCHJIHTeJIb-
HbIfi KaCKa U J15, fOJ KJIK)LlaeMbll%I K BepTHKaJIbHO-OTKJIOHRK)IIiHM
fJIaCTHHaM ocuHJIJIocKOna. K K.JIeMMaM BHeUlHec CHAXPOHH3auHH
OCLIH.nJIOCKOna J1OJI)KHbI no4KJlio'laTbCR JIH60 CTpO'IHbie, J1H60 Ka/1-
POBble CIIHXpOH143HpyioLuHe HMnyJIbCbI B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT T0rO,
HCCJIejiyeTCSI HeApuieJIHOCTb CTpO4HOI1 HJIH Ka,1pOBoi pa3BepTKH.
IIpH 3TOM nepeKJlioiiaTe.7b 17 JjO.JDKeH 3a1-IRTb OJjHO H3 J[BYX CO-
OTBeTCTBeHIIbIX noJlo}KeHHH. q.TiR n0J1yi1eIiHR 4eTKOI$ KapTHHbI 1-ia
3KpaIle OCIjHJIJIOCKona C.nejjyeT noJl.aTb BHCIUIIHH 1-i0JjCBe4HBalo-
LUHII IIMnyJIbC, )LTIHTeAIbHOCTb KOTOPOFO He npeBbiLuaeT BpeMeHH
pa3BepTKH 20-30 CTpOK.
IIpH onpeaeaeHHH HeJIIHeiHOCTH KajtpOBOl3 pa3BepTxH nepe-
jLaloLuefi CHCTeMbI CTpo4HaR pa3BepTKa jiOJlx fia 6bITb BbIKJIK)4eHa,
a H3o6pa?KaeMal pemeTKa - n03epHYTa Ha 90?. B nOaaBJIRioLue'M
60JIbLHHHCTBe cjiy iaeB (xiIR T0'HbIX H3MCpHTeJIbHbIX ue iel-i)
3KeCTKHe Tpe60BafIHII npeJj'b5BJI5110TC51 TOJIbKO K CTp04HOII pa3-
BepTKe, n03TOMY B jjaJlbHeflueM 6y)JeM KECaTbCR TOJIbKO ee.
1-1OCKOJIbKy A AR T04HbIX H3MepeHHN Ba?KHO, 4T06b1 CKOPOCTb
2TBH}KCHH9 3JIeKTp0HHOrO ny4Ka 6bIJIa ROCTaTO4HO HOCTOSIHHOH
BO BCeX T04KaX npRMoro Xo,i a, H03TOMY c, ieijyeT K03(1( Hu1eHT
HeJIHHeI1HOCTH pa3BePTKH Onpeaed7HTb KEK OTHOIIIeHHe pa3HOCTH
CKOpOCTei nepeMeuZeHHR KOMMYTHPYIOLU,eFO 3JICKTpOHHOrO IIyLIKa
B aaHHOA H cpe1 FIei1 T04Kax npRMoro XOJja K CKOpOCTH nepeMe-
uieHHR B cepeaHHe npnioro Xojja:
VII - VII 'A Vn
Kn =
Vo Vo
,qJIR TOLIHoro onpejjeJleHHR K03(J(1JHUHeHTa HeJIHHeJHOCTH He-
06XO,aHMO TO4HO H3MepHTb CTpeJIKY nori16a %1 V, orH6aioLueII KpH_-
BOYI (pilc. 3) ; 6oJIbmmOH TOLIHOCTH onpeJjeJieHHR a6COJI10THOrO 3Fia-
4eHiiR Vp iie Tpe6yeTCH. , JIR nOBbiiuei-iUR TOLIHOCTII OTCLICTa pa3-
Max aMnJIIITyJjbI L V, MON{eT 6bITb yBeJIH4eH nocpej CTBOM ycHJle-
HIIA. YCHJIeHHb113 CHrHaJI A V =110 V,, rae r- K03i~(HuUeHT
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
yCHneHHR AJIR AaHHoro np16opa - Be,nH4FIHa rIOCTOSIHFIaR. fl0-
3TOMy.
-0 Vn
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V0 onpeJ[eJISIeTCH no1Ix.IFOgeHHeM nJ1aCTHH ocLIHJulocxona K KaTOJIy
.14, a 0 Vn 113Mep5ieTCH UOCpeaCTBOM HX rIOAKJ1I0geHHSI K aHOAy Bbl-
XOar101%I JlaMnbl /15.
TO9HOCTb 143MepeHFlH onpejjeJIS[eTCSi MHHFIManbI001 CTpeJ1KoIi
iorn6a A V,,,, KOTOPYIO Ha6JHQAaTeJlb MO}1ceT nerKO 3aMeTiiTb Ha
3KpaHe ocuHJIJioclcona. Tax KaK V,,, TO K. =r. Cne-.
M
AOBaTenbHO, TOLIHOCTb H3MepeHHH MO)KFiO 6bIn0 6bI CKOJIbKO
yrOAF10 nOBbICHTb, yBeim IHB Ko34Jc nIuHeH1' yCHJIeHHH r. OAHai o
cylueCTByeT pHJ1, (paKTOpOB, OrpaHH'IHBaIOLLHX 3Ty BO3MO}KHOCTb.
Bo-nepBbiX, TOTHOCTb onpeaenellusi HenHHeil HOCTH 3aIJIICIIT OT
TO1IFIOCTFI H3rOTOBneHHSF peLHeTKH. TaK, HanpF[Mep, eCJia ]KeJla-
TenbHO OnpeaeJHTb K03(p(1)FIuuenT HeJIHHeiIHOCTH, paBIibil[ 0,11'/p,
TO PaBeHCTBO LOJOC pelHeTKH aOnxcHO 6bITb BbI,,Lep?KaF[O C TaKON
we TOIIIIOCTbIO.
BO-BTOpbIX, AnS] nojiyLiemm Ka'IeCTBCFIHOII on16aioLuefl KPHBOH
tIaCTOTa CneAOBaHHSI rIOJIOe peLHeTKH uon}Kua 6bITb BbICOKOFI, T. e.
nOnOCbI AOn1KHbI 6bITb BeCbMa y3KHMFl.. HO Bb16op W1'ipHFIbI nOJIOc
orpaHHqeH cJleay}OLUHM o6CT05ITenbCTBOM.
11oCKOJIbKy aaHHblf wie'ro1 OCHOBaH Ha npHHuilne cpaBHeHHA
AJIHTeJIbHOCTII nplMOyrOJIblIbIX IIMHyJIbCOB, H306pa3Ka1OIJMX pe-
LHeTKy, a TOLIHOCTb 113MepeHH51 J11JIHTeJIbFIOCTH 't paBlia, Kaic H3-
BeCTHO, 1/20 BpeMeHH YCTaHOBJIeHFifl (i OHTa 'LF (()113MtIeCKII 9T0
03HataeT, tTO naMna, (JOpMHpyIOLuaH 1-[Hn006pa3Hoe Flanpsi eHHe,
MO}KeT 3aI1HpITbCH IIJIH OTKpbIBaTbCH paHblue Him FIO3JKe tia BpeMSi
A, --,,p/20), ,,p/20), TO
AV - K.
V=c
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20K
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TO0246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
rAe f - noJIoca nponycxaHI35i BHAeOVCH,i7IiTeJISI, TO
0,35 _ 0,02
20Kf~ Kf -
C Apyroil cropolibl, = V rae X - LUHpHHa UOJIOCbI perueTKlr,
V - cpeaiisrsl CKOpOCTb nepeMellieHHH' 3JIeKTPOHHoro ny4lca. OT-
clo as
X 0,02 V
Kf
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pHHa nOJIOCbI pCnle'n(H He Mo Ke-r 6bITb Bb16paHa rIpoII3BOJIbHO: OHa
He aomiN{lia 6blTb McHbIIIe HCXOTOpO"! BeJIHLIHHbI, onpeae.rSIeMOi3
pa3pemaK)Lr eN crToCo6HOCTbIO V TeJIeBH3HOHHO13 CHCTeMbI.
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pyeMON Ha (j)OTOKaTOA Tpy6KH THna .T1I'117, CLIHTaHH OnTH9eCKoe
yBeJIH4eHHe npoeKTllpy!OHief CHCTeMbI p'aBHbIM eABHIIue.
Tax Kai( f = 6,5 ? 106 erg, a V = 5 ? 105 M I2/ceic, TO pa3pelJlaio-
mail Cnoco6HOCTb )Toll Tpy6KH V = 12 IUTpHXOB/MM. UIpHHiIB
K = 0,001, nOJly4HM X - 0,02 =1,6 mm.
0,001 12
Tax xax K= DV OX
V = y, TO AOH Cic Ha paBeHCTBO HOJIOC pe-
meTKH AX==KX=1,6 rltic.
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To?iHee. 1103TOMy Tpe60BaHH9, npeJ'bsiBJiieMhle K T041-IOCTH oripe-
ACJIeHHir HeJIHHeiHOCTH BHJIOTb AO 0,1 %, MOryT 6bITb BHOJIHe
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6yeTCfl, TaK KaK aJisi TO9HbIX H3MepelilIM o6b14HO fOdib3yTOTC9
AJIHHHO(IJOKYCHbIMH OHTH4eCKIIMH CHCTeMaMH, 3Ha4HTeJIbHO yBeJIII-
4HBaIOHiIIMH H3o6paiceHHe o6'beKTa. OAHaKO npHMeHeHHe c ii l i-
KOM 6oJiblIHX yBeJlH4eHHil He Bceraa B03MO}KHO, KpOMe Toro, oHo
HeH36excl-to HpHBOAHT K 6OJlbuIOH nOTepe CBeTOCHJIbI. 003TOMy
OHTIiMaJIbfioe 3IIa4eHHe Ko3(1)(~rluIIeHTa HeTIHHelIHOCTH pa3BepTKH
nepeiiaionieFi 'IaCTH TeJIeBH3HOHHOii CHCTeMbI, B C.IIV4ae ripHMeiie-
IIHH ee B KageCTBe TOqHOrO H3MepHTe,iIbHOro HHCTpyMeHTa, MO)-KCT
HaXOAIITbCH B npeAeJlax 0,5-1%. LL11IpiHa nOJIOC npH 3TOM MO-
}KeT cocTaBJISlTb 0,1-0,2 MM, 9TO o6JIer4aeT YCJIOB1151 AeTeKTH-
poBaHHSr.
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HOCTb pa3BepTKH nepejaioujeil CHCTeMbI C Tpy6KO~i THria 1'117.
11o ocH a6cLwcc o'r ioxCeHO BpeMii npo6era 3JIeKTpOHHOro nyt-lKa
BAOJIb CTPOKH, HO OCH OpAHHaT - CKOpOCTb ero nepeMellreFII
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
B VCJIOBHbIx eJ(HHHuax. I43MepeHHSI npoH3BORH.nHCb C nOMOLubIO
pelIIeTKH, LHHPIIHa nOJIOC KOTOPOIi COCTaBJTRJIa 0,5 hul - 7 -- 10 hlti.
CnJrOLHHaj KPHBa5I xapaKTePII3yeT He.THHe1IHOCTb CTpOLiHOI-
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pa3BepTKH TOL! }Ke CHCTeMbI, HaCTpOei-IHON C nOMOII);bIO BbILHCOnfI-
caHHON cxeMbl. qOCTOrHVTaR npH 3TOM HeJIHHefHOCTb He npeBbl?-
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pe,LtaloLueYi CHCTeMbI Ha 180?. Pa3HOCTb OTCLICTOB, fOJIVLIe11IIbiX
B pe3y.TIbTaTe II3MeHe1iHI Hanpan.;feI14R pa3BCpTKH, 1OKa}K T
BeJIHLIHBY BHOCHMbIX HCKa}KeHHI'i.
IZPCJ BapHTCJIbHb[e OIIbITbI noI{a3aJn14, LITO HCl(H)KCHUB, I3IIOCH-
MbIC 3JIeKTPOHHbIM nepel-I000M 113o6pa}KCHHB, B "rpy6lKI?IVI. B6Ipa)KeHHe B KBa, paTHbIX CK06.KaX B pHA TefJiopa
e-2ac0 lac ' - \~ (_1)2n (2aCn)n L (2 acQ)n
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2 (2 ac (2)'
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2Z (2 )2n f
U (a,C t') =g - ac-1 ( an a-ag2 (2n-'sinUt'd5). (11)
n-0 0
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HII1 nepeaHero (4POHTa HMnyJIbca). Or116aiou1ax BbIXOJJHOrO nMuyJlbca MO)KCT
6bITb onpe3eJleHa KaK pa3110CTb JIBYX CJI,BHHyTblx no BpeMCHl1 Or116a1omlix Ila-
npHSKeHHH nepeuHero (ppOHTa.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
PaCCMOTpuM HHTerpaJl B Bblpa)KeHHH (11), O6o3Hain!B ero 13epe3
12 n,
12n= f e-2222n-Tsin 2t'd2. (12)
0
IIoJ1ox(HB B (12) n = 0, noJTy'IMM I
2 '
10= (e-a~ sink t' dSZ= 2 ,T>(2 -), (12a)
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I/T
1-leTpyI1HO y6eJWTbCH B TOM, 'ITO HHTerpaJI (12) Mo3KeT 6bITb
npe,aCTaBJIeFI B BH,ae
12n= (- 1)rt dnp _ 1 n n 1 (2 n) ( t' _). (13)
,)t/2 - ) 2 (2 Y a)2n 2Ya
3JI?ecb D(2 n) ( t" ) - 2 n - H npoH3BOJ.jHa1 (Y11KIkHH KpaMna.
2 J1a
B COOTBeTCTBHH C BTHM HHTerpaJi (11) 6y,1eT
rt an a c ,
U (a, c, t') = 2 e - ac2E (- 1)n (2n)! (2n) \ 2 ~) (14)
n-0
Bblpa>KeHHe (14) CJieayeT paCCMaTpHBaTb KaK o6wee peiueHHe
HaCTOHLUeII 3a1.LagIH. 1'13 (14), KaK iIaCTHbIIi CJlyqaci, MO)KeT 6bITb
nOJlyueHO peHTeHHe 3aJ[aLIH, npeJ.LJIO)KeHHoe CH(kOpoBblm B. M.
[J1. 1], o npOXO)KJ(eHHH npHMOyrOJIbHOTO HMnyJIbCa 9epe3 HaCT-
poeHllylo CHCTeMy c pe30HaHCHOII KpHBON KOJI0KOJTbHO11 (pOpMbl.
AJIH cToro )}OCTaTOqIiO JIH11b npHI15ITb C = 0.
q)opMyJla (14) aaeT BO3MO)KHOCTb onpeae.1IHTb 3aBHCHMOCTb
OrI16aloMeli aMnJIHTy,L nepeAHero (ppOHTa Bb1XOLLHOrO paJIHOHM-
ny.Ilbca OT BpeMeHH JLJIH 3a,gaHHbIX napaMeTpoB cHCTeMbI (c m a).
n I4IlTerpaJl (12) Mo)KeT 6bITb BUT, HanpIMep, McTOAOM an44epeHUH-
poeannn no napaMeTpy.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
flpaKTHLIecKHf3 HHTepeC npeACTaBJ1%1OT pe3yJlbTaTb1 pacctieTOB no
3TOII cffOpMVJIe AJIA BeJIHLIHH a, COOTBeTCTBYIOHLIIX Hail6o:iee pac-
npoCTpaHeHHbIM Y1114.
OCHOBHanI TPYAHOCTb noao6Hbix pacLleTOB 3aKJIIo IaeTCH B Bhl-
LIHCJIeHHH npOH3BOAHb1X BbICOKOI'O HOPRAKa AJia (pyHKaHH 1{paMna,
CI paBAa, CyLUeCTBYIOT Ta6JIHijbi yKa3aHHbIX npOH3BOAHb1X, OII!ialio
nopslAOI( nPOH3BOAHbIX He npeabimaeT 20, 'ITO HBHO He)OCTaTO'UiO,
oco6eHHo npH OTHOCHTeJIbHo 60JIbunix paccipoliKax It BbICOKOII
1lo6poTHOCTH. I-IanpHMep, AJ1H onpeaeJIeHII 1 U = U (a, c, I') npit
a = 2050 H c = 0,067 Heo6xogHMO BbILIHCJIHTb nPOIH1313OJIIble AO
40-ro nopn.aKa. IIpOH3BOAHbie nop laKa Bbllue 20-ro MOI-VT 6brrb
BbILIHCJIeHbI no peKKypeHTHOii cpopMyJTe.
Ha pHc. 1-3 npHBeaexbl rpa(jHKH cpyHKwIH U = U (a, c. t'),
paccLlHTaHHbie no (hopMyJIe (14) JIJia BeJIHLIHH a = 200; 800; 2050.
DTH I'paq)HKH MOrVT HaIITII npHMeHeHHe uJut pniia HII}KcHCpHblx
pacLieTOB, CBA3aHHbIX C pa3peLualoweli CHOCO6nOCTb1O no 'iacTb?e
H c noMeX03au.IHweHH0,CTbIO paAHonpIIeMHbIX yCTpOfiCfB.
ABTOpbI npeano.iara10T B IIOCJIeAy1OLIeM 311atIIITeJIbHO yBeJtll-
tIIITb KOJIHLIeCTBO paC1eTHb1X rpa(JHKOB C TeM, 9TO6bI npeJIOCTa-
BIITb 6o.nee uJ pox e B03MO>KHOCTH AJIA npaKTllLiecKHx pactleTOB.
HeKOTOpble pe3y,nbTaTbl pacgeTOB 6bIJI1i npOBepe1Ibl 31:CrIepH-
McBTaJIbHO.
B icageCTBe pe30HaHCIIOIi CIICTeMbI 6bIJI ncnojn,30BaH erle-
UHaJIbHO pa3pa6OTaHHbIH weCTHKaCKa,aHb11%I yCnJIHTeJIb npoMe)Ky-
TOLIHOI-I LIaCTOTb1 (A fo,7=56 Kzlf; f,,,,=1,5 ,Htzzq; a = 2050) c oAti-
~3
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
1 0 10
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
HO'HbIMH ICOHTyPaMH, HaCTpOeHHbIMN B pe30HaHC. Pe30HaHCHafi
XapaKTepHCTHKa 3TOrO YCHJIHTeJIH npHBeReHa Ha pHC. 4. UJIA
CpaBHeHHA Ha 3TOM iKe PHCYHKe nPHBeueH rpa(PHK cooTBeTCTByIO-
iueii KpHBOIJI KOJIOKOJIbHON (POPMbi (11pH a = 2050).
Ha YCHJIHTeJIb nouaBa-
t6 JIliCb IIPSIMOYFOJIbHbie pa-
U ~,0
lk )IHO1IMnyJIbCbI, LJIIiTeJlb-
HOCTb KOTOPbIX Bbl6HpaJIacD
?=8
=D0
1.Z 3HatIHTe. Ho 6OJIbLIfeII, 4eM
BpeM1 YCTaHOBJleHHx Iipo-
to uecca. Flo II3o6pa)KenHIo
03
08 CHrHaJia Ha OCIJHJIJIOCKOne
onpe,ae.niJiacb BeJIH'-IHHa
Q6 BbIXO,,HOrO HanpHxKeHHSI
00
(MaKCHMaJIbHorO Bb16poca)
Q4 B 3aBHCHMOCTH OT Pa31iOCTii
4aCTOT HaCTnoi KH yCHJJII-
TeJIa H Hecyiueil pauHOHM-
nyJIbca.
8U 120 1G0
Ha pnc. 5 npHBeji,eHa
3KCnepHMeHTBJIbHO nOJIy-
4eHFIafl 3aBHCHMOCTb OCJIa6
.TIeFINx CNrHa.na (B jjewi6eJI-
JIaX) OT BCJ1N4NHbI pac-
CTPOYiKH (c) H COOTBeTCTByIOHIafi eIi paC4eTHaA KpHBaSI. KaK BHJ[HO
Ii3 3THX rPa(PHKOB, HMeeT McCTO j4OCTaTO41-IOe coBnajleHrIe (no-
P 'U 25%) TeOpeTH4eCKHX H 3KCnePHMCHTBJIbHbIX pe3yJIbTBTOB.
KpoMe TOFU, H306paMCe.HH 1 BbIXOJ Hb1X cHrHaJIOB, C(POTOrpa(PHpo-
BaHHble c 3Kpal-Ia ocwuTJIOCKona, nO,aTBep KL aIOT KavecTBeHHbre
pe3y,nbTaTb1 paC4eTOB (pnc. 6). PacxoxKHO H3-3a OTCYTCTBHH 3Be3J COOTBeTCTBylonjeH
SIpKOCTH B cTaHAapTe. PeayuHpoBaFIHble (poTOBH3yaJIbHble BeJIHLIHHbI B35ITbI
H Aim B-3Be3A CnnCKa I-I. 11. Ilapenaro.
4. Pe3yJlbTaTbl Bcex H3MepeHHII npHBeaeHbl B Ta6JIHue 1.
B 1-OM CToJ16ue ee aaeTCO nopRal(osbin HOMep 3Be3abl.
Bo 2-oM cTOJl6ue-N9 3Be3AbI B HD I1JIH HDE. HoMepa HD noA-
Llej)KHyTbI.
B 3-em CToj16ue-cneKTpaJIbHbIH K.nacc KaK cpe,a.Hee Me>KAy onpeAe-
JIeHHeM HD, HDE H MOHM, eCJIH TaKOBoe HMeJIOCb.
B 4-oM CTOJ16ue cOAep>KHTCH (JoTOrpa4)HLIecxaH 3Be3AHaH BeJIHLIHHa.
IIOA`IePKHyTbI 3Be3AHble BeJIHLIHHbI, 3aHMCTBOBaHHb1e H3 HRP [81 HJIH
CIIHCKa Ilapenaro H npHBeaeHHble K Me)KAyHapo.LHOH )oTOrpa()HLIecKOH
HIKajie.'
5-H CToJ16eu-npmMeLIaHHe, rae aaeTCR OTO)KAeCTBJ1eHHe ApKHX H
nepeMeHHbIX 3Be3A, npH6JIH>KeHHble KOOPAHHaTbI (Ha 1855 roa) 'Rim 3Be3A,
He coaep>Kamiixcsl B HDE H H36bITKH iBeTa JJI4 3Be3A cnHcxa 17. I-I..IZa-
peHaro.
ABOeTOLIHe BCK)1Iy o3HaLIaeT HeyBepeHHble oueHKH.
37742 09,5 tb
1
1
37743 B2
3746809,5 V
3
37479 B2
4
X94271 B8
5
272 AO
6
37564 Al
71 8 37699 B4
i
37686 B9
9
37744 B2V
10
Ne
?
Ns
HD,
'1)
>z
11pHMeuaHHe
HD,
HDE
HDE
I
1?1,47
CE=.+0'?.07
11
37525
J
3, 67 1
c Ori
12
294297
3,2 1
CE=+0?'.07
13
298
6,1 (
a Or i
14
299
7'n, 66
15
300
7, 54
16
37633
8, 46
17
31545
8, 68
CE= i Om.07
18
294278
8, 88
19
273
5, 74
CE= + 0117.01
20
279
8,26.
10,10
11,66
11,46
10,30
8,65
8,58
10,88
10,71
.10,71
Ta6Auga 1.
B7
GO
GO
F2
G5
B9
B9
K2
A3
A5
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Ns
?
No
HD,
yyl
P~
n HMe9iamie
p
d
HD,
l7l , npBMe'alINe
HDE
v
HDE
v
21
294277
K2
10"',78
60
29424
6 F7
10111,88
22
276
GO
10 ,71
61
245
F8
11 00
23
. 27E
AO
9, 16
62
244
F6
10 51
24
274
GO
11 46
63
243
GO
10 30
25
-
GO:
11 ,91
Her B HDE
64
242
KO
9 ,98
3h32m.0-30.13
26
280
K5
11 ,00
65
24
A0
11 ,78
27
281
AO
10 30
66
22i
G
11 ,91
28
307
F8
10 ,88
67
37207
KO
9 ,16
29
308
GO
11 ,56
68
37333
Al
8 ,26
30 309
A6
10 ,78
69
294269
Go,
10 ,88
31 311
G5
11 00
70
268
F9
10 51
32 310
F0:
10 ,49
71
290773
F5
11 ,46
33 37642
B9
7 ,86
72
37524
B9
8 68
34 37594
A5
5 96
73
37641
B9
7 ,33
35 37409
K3
8 ,88
74
-
F
11 ,23
Hers HDE
36 37687
B8
7 ,06
51132m.9-2.015
37 37807
B8
7
06
75
37805
A5
8 06
38 37919
F8
,
8 88
76
37903
B2V
7 68
CE= l 01?.3I
39 37887
B9
7 ,66
77
38085
B8
8 55
40 294312
F4
10. 88
78
294270
GO
10 78
41 313
F6
11 ,66
79
302
F8
11 ,91
2 37985
A5
9 ,28
80
303
F8
11 ,00
3 294339
FO
10
10
81
37662
Al
8 ,46
'
4 37904
FO
6 47
82
37661
F9
8 88
5 37927
Bg
8 06
83
290815
GO
9 ,69
6 37886
B9
8 ,68
84
814
GO
10 ,78
85
813
B8
11 ,00
7 294306
G8
11
00
,
86
812
05
10 10
8 305
K0
9
90
,
87
811
F6
10 ,30
9 304 B
6
9
69
301
,
88
37577
B9
9 16
0
A
5
10 ,88
1 37806 A
l
8 06
89
i
37389
B9
8 ,48
2 37398 G
O
9 69
90
37344
Al
9 ,26
:
3 294282 G
O
10 10
91
37149
B7
8 ,26
4 284 K
5
10
88
92
37272
B9
8 ,34
,
5 253 A
O
9 ,28
93
37285
AO
9 ,16
6 254 K
O
I l , 00
94
290770
B8
9 ,28
7 249 F
8
10 ,71
95
771
KO
10 ,51
8 283 A
O
11 ,23
96
772
F3
9 98
9 247 G
O
10 10
97
37295
F9
8 ,46 .
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
5
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
1290762
1.36
HD,
-
m
Ps
HpHmevaHne
d
HD,
fllpg
flpx:nievaai+e
HDE
v
HDE
37173
B8
81",06
137
290760
K6
10',88
290687
AO
9 36
138
761
A
11 56
688
A5
9 ,28
139
767
KO
10 ,88
689
B8
9 48
140
766
AO
10 ,78
37141
Al
8 46
141
769
F8
11 ,46
294226
F8
12 4
142
765
B9
9 Q8
227
K
11 91
143
764
A6
9 ,98
229
A6
11 06
144
37321
B3V
6 76
CF=+Om.12
230
A5
12 ,4
145
37397
B3V
6 34
CE= T0"'.05
37090
F4
7 ,86
146
290749
B8
10 ,88
37038
A8
8 12
147
763
GO
10 88
290704
F6
11 ,23
148
750
A3
9 ,69
686
A5
11 ,00
149
753
F8
11 ,23
691
AO
10 51
150
751
F5
11 23:
37113
B9
8 34
151
756
F9
11 ,42
.
36
9
152
755
F3
40 ,88
37684
B8
,
153
37443
GO
46
'8
290683
F8
11 91
154
290754
A3
,
88
10
685
K0
10 ,78
,
7 73
155
743
B9
10 51
38099
K2
156
741
K2
91
11
37776
B3
6 ,65
CE= + 0 09
m.09
,
56
,
157
742
KO
11
37674
B8
7 ,66
158
740
A0:
12 ,06i
37660
A2
7 178
159
739
B9
11 ,46
290810
GO
10 ,10
160
738
GO
11 ,06
809
GO
10 71
161
-
GO:
12 ,4::
HeT B HDE
5h33m.0-0?.51
768
A7
10 ,88
9 28
162
37652
F4:
8 06
37607
AO
1
78
8 88
163
290798
A 1
0 ,
37845
AO
164
799
AO
10
78
37789
Al
9 ,16
165
37825
F9
,
9 28
37756
B3
4 ,50
CE=+O-.02
166
290744
A2
11 ,23
290807
G5
11 ,56
167
745
A2
10 ,71
808
F7
10 ,88
168
746
GO
11 ,66
805
G5
9 98
169
37284
A4
9 ,16
806
F3
10 ,30
170
37332
B8
7 ,66
758
AO
11 ,06
171
37362
B9
9 28
757
GO
10 ,22
172
290747
FO
10 ,22
759
GO
11 ,00
173
748
A3
10 ,10
37491
KO
9 06
174
752
GO
11 06
37506
F1
9 ,98
175
37235
B9
8
26
,
F9
10 .,88-
176
37112
B9
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Ns
HD,
HDE
Ns ?+
I7pxnteqaxxe HD,
v
1
77129066
2 B9
9m,98
21
6 3695
4 B3V
6m,57
1
78 66
1 A2
.. 10 ,71
21
7 3691
5 B9
7 ,78
1
79 3718
7 B9
8
46
,
21
8 3688
2 G6
7 ,89
1
80 3707
6 B9
7 ,66
J11309xag
21
9 29064
6 F5
11 ,56
1
81 3712
8 BOIa
1 ,17
EOri CE=+Om.1
2 22
0 64
7 G5
10
51
,
18
2 3712
8 AO
8 ,55
22
1 66
6 B8
9 ,48
18
9067
5 F7
9 ,36
22
2 . 66
7 GO
11 ,23
18
4 665
FO
10 ,51
223
66
9 FO
10 ,71
18
5 664
F6
10 ,30
224
66
8 F8
11 ,56
18
6 672
A2
9 ,69
225
66
5 B9
9 ,28
18
7 673
A2
9 ,98
226
670
F8
10 ,10
18
8 674
A0
9 ,98
227
36996
A2
9 ,48
18
9 677
A0
9 ,98
228
290648
A O
9 ,36
19
0 678
A2
10 ,69
229
649
FO
10 ,88
19
1 675
K2
11 ,00
230
650
A3
10 ,22
19
2 680
GO
11 ,23
231
651
G
11 ,06
19
3? 681
1F5
9 ,90
232
660
A3
10 78
19
4 676
F6
10 ,22
233
36780
KO
7 ,44
19
5 37075
AO
9 ,09
234
290601
A3
9 ,79
196
36955
Al
9 48
235
602
A2
10 71
197
36695
B2V
4 ,94
V V Ori man EB
236
603
A2
9 ,98
CE= +Om.06
237
? 600
A3
10 ,88
198
36684
B9
8 ,55.
238
599
Al
9 ,48
199
36779
B3V
5 74
CE= -I- O m
01
239
36591
B IV
4 ,79
200
36628
B8
8 ,06
.
240
36646
B3
6 ,04 }
201
36590
B9
9 ,08
241
290609
AO
8 ,88:j
202
36669
B9
8 55
242
290608
B9
8 ,88
203
290588
KO
10 ,51
243
604
F1
11 ,46
204
582
A9
10 ,30
244
606
G9
9,28
205
36605
B9
7 ,86
245
607
F5 1
1 ,66
246
605
A0:
9 36
206
2905801
A7
10
88
,
247
36781
B9
8 ,47
207
581
GO
11 06
208
578 B
9
10 88
248
36863
Al
9 ,69
209
576
GO
10 51
249 2
90682
F5 1
0 ,10
210
577 G
5
9 ,90
250
694
F2 1
0 10
211
579 F
5
10 ,51
2
51
695
B9 1
1 ,23
212
583 A
7
10 ,71
2
52
693
B8 1
0 ,22
213
584 G
5
11 ,00
2
53
697
GO 1
0 ,51
214
36760 B
8
7. ,66
2
54
.692
G4 1
0 ,78
2
55
36811
B9
6 ,90
215
36525 B
8
8 55
1_
_
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
c
Na
a
C7
N2
G
HD,
nz
Pg
llpxmeiaeee
HD,
a
mpg
rlpHmeuaHxe
HDE'
HDE
256
36980
AO
8-,68
297
290520
GO
1 11m , 0 6
257
290703
F8
11 ,06
298
518
A3
9 ,69
258
690
GO ?
11 ,00
299
521
A4
9 ,69
259
1 702
Al
10 ,10
300
523
G8
9 ,08
260
701
K9
10 ,78
301
524
G5
10 02
261
700
B3
11 ,66
302
-
G5
10 ,51
HeT B HDE
5h22"'],-1?.40
262
36526
B7
8 46
303
525
F5
9 ,69
263
36502
B9
9 ,28
304
526
AO
10
78
,
264
290598
AO
9 ,48
305
527
A3
9 90
265
597
F6
9 ,36
306
528
A9
11 ,66
266
593
F5
11 ,91
307
529
GO
10 ,78
267
592
GO
11 42
308
530
GO
11 06
268
594
F6
11 ,56
309
531
FO.
11 ,00
269
595
AO
11 ,91
310
532
F8
9 ,36
270
591
KO
11 ,06
311
533
F8
11 ,56
271
'590
F5
11 ,00
312
534
F2
10 ,22
272
696
B9
11 ,66
313
535
A3
10 ,22
273
596
A2
11 00
314
536
F2
I 'l ,00
274
589
GO
10 ,78
315
537
68
11 ,46
275
585
A8
10 78
316
538
F5
11 ,69
276
587
F9
10 ,88
317
539
03
?10 ,22
277
586
G4
10 71.
318
540,
Al
8 ,68
27
8 36444
B9
8 55
319
36057
AO
8
73
,
27
9 290510
A7
11 ,23
320
36219
B7
7 ,67
28
0 511
F6
9 ,98
321
36176
AO
8 26
,
28
1 509
Fl
10 ,51
322
36456
G8
9 ,26
28
2 508
F4
10 ,71
28
3 507
A5
11 ,66
323
290611
A7
11 ,00
28
4 514
F8'
10 ,22
324
61
AO
9 90
28
5 515
B9
9 ,16
32
2
5 612
GO
10 ,78
28
6 516
B9
9 ,90
32
6 613
G5
10 ,10
28
7 513
F2
10 ,10
32
7 514
F8
10 ,88
28
8 51.2
F
11 ,42
32
8 617
A5
9 ,16
28
9 506
A2
11 ,00
32
9 616
F6
11 ,66
29
0 504
A5
22
10
33
0 36592
B9
46
8
,
,
29
1 505
F6
90
9
33
1 36617
B9
7 78
,
29
2 36074
M2
9 ,28
33
2 290615
A5
11 ,56
29
3 36150
cA2
6 ,84
33
3 36393
B9
7 ,86
29
4 36167
1(5
6 ,33
CJ Ori (cnst)
33
4 290542
G5
10 ,10
29
5 290517
B9
8 ,55
33
5 541
A8
9 ,90
29
6 519
A9
9 ,98
33
6 550
A5
9 ,36
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Ns
?
Ns
HD,
m
~g
lIpHMeeaHHe
HD,
HDE
HDE
290543
A5
11m,66
377
290785
546
F3
9 ,36
378
784
547
A3
9 ,98
379
783
545
Ai
10 ,71
380
786
549
A2
10 ,30
OToxcaeCTSn.
381
788
HeyBepeH.
382
736
548
F8
12 ,4::
383
737
36394
AO
7 ,78
384
735
36118
AO
8 ,34
385
727
36075
B9
8 ,06
386
723
290618
F9
10 ,22
387
726
619
FO
11 ',06
388
724
698
G8
10 ,10
389
728
699
G5
11 ,46
390
37427
? 846
F8
11 ,00
391
290729
804
GO
11 ,66
392
37371
803
65
10 ,88
393
37370
802
A7
11 56
394
37343
801
F5
12 ,4::
395
37294
843
F8
11 ,00
842
Al
10
30
Ori Tun EA
GG
396
37256
,
.
841
G9
11 ,42
397
290725
37914
A2
9 16
398
730
290794
GO
11 ,42
399
731
290795
G5
-10 ,88
400
732
796
K7
10 71
401
733
797
K2
1 ,42
1
402
734
833
K
.
56
11?
403
37257
834
F8
,
11. ,23
404
280640
832
FO
11 ,46
405
639
800
F8
11. ,23
406
641
38050
KO
9. ,47
407
642
38049
K5
9 ,86
408
655
409
657
38002
KO
8 ,17
410
656
290793
G5
10 ,71
411
37140
792
GO
10 ,78
412
37111
782
GO
10 ,88
791
A7
10 ,78
413
290658
790
GO
-11 ,56
414
659
787
B8
-10 ,22
415
654
789
KO
11 ,23
416
653
417
638
337
338
339
340
341
a~ .
GO
F8
G5
F5
MO
A5
KO
K7
F5
A
F5
F8
G5
B9
FO
B9
B9
AO
AO
AO
B9
KO
A3
AO
B5
KO
AO
A2
F5
GO
F8
FO
B9
A5
B9
AO
F2
B9
A2
GO
F5
9m,79
10 ,78
11 ,06
11 ,46
11 ,00
9 90
11 ,56
11 ,74
10 ,22
11 ,91
10 30
10 ,88
11 00
7 ,86
11 56
8 ,26
7 ,46
8 26
7 86
8 ,26
9 ,36
9 90
10 ;78
9 ,36
10 ,22
10 78
7 86
10 ,78
11 ,23
11 42
11 ,06
10 ,10
9 ,08
10 ,88
8 -,34
8 ,55
9 ,69
10 ,71
9 ,98
10 ,88
10 ,78
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
N2
n.
No
HD,
m1)g
npnmevaime
HD,
c
nti,9
HDE
636
A5
9R1,18
4
45 36558
K5
81n,03
637
G
11 ,56
4
46 36443
65
9 ,31
37037
B9
8 ,10
6
4471 3648
0911
1 66
36840
05 .
7 34
4481 36485
133
6 16
36898
B5
6 ,68
CE _ +Om.09
4491 36502
B9
8 ,341
36935
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7 ,46
450 36313
B9
7 66'
290643
F5
10 ,B8
451290575
F5
11 ,66
652
A5
9 ,998
4521 492
i
AO
8 ,88
36841
B9
8 ,26
45311 493
Al
9 ,69
290644
GO
9 16
454~I 501
05
10 ,30
645
, 05
11 00
4551 500
A2
11 ,06
36683
' KO
9 ,09
4561 499
GO
11 ,42
290574
B8
10 ,78
457
502
A5
11 ,56
573
F6
10 ,10
4
58
503
GO
11 ,06
2 572
FO
10 ,22
459
498
K
11 ,66
3 36694
AO
8 ,55
460
497
A2
9 28
461
61
495
KO
9 ,36
4 36778
B9
8 88
48
9
462
494
F9
,
5 3672
6 AO
8 55
463
491
AO
69
9
,
6 3670
9 AO
8 02
464
490
Al
9 ,28
729057
0 B9
11 46
465
489
F5.
9 ,88
8 57
1 F8
11 56
4
66
488
A2
10 ,88
9 56
9 B8
11 ,23
467
496
GO
11 ,06
0 56
8 MO
9 ,98
468
36312
B8
7 94
1 56
7 60
10 ,30
4
69
3613
9 AO
6 ,84
2 56
4 B5
11 ,00
4
70
3611
7 AO
6 ,82
3 56
5 F5
11 ,46
4 56
6 A
11 06
1
418
419
420
421
422
,423
424
5
425
6
426
427
8
428
429
430
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
43
44
44
44
44
44
i, Ori C E= +Om.10
var.: mun EA
3. HCCJIELLQBAHHE CKOHJIEiiHA 3BE3A B IIOlCE OPHOHA
1. gaHHble Ta6JIHI.(bI 1 rpa(!H~IeCKH H306paxceHbI Ha pHc. 2. r1o OCRM,
3TOI'O rpa()HKa OTJ o>KeHbI CHeKTpaJlbHble THHbI (a6cuHccbl) H BHJ(HMble .
(loTOI'pa(pHT-IeCKHe BeJIH'IHHbI 3B23R?
npH paccMOTpeHHH 3TOII RHarpaMMbl. CJIe1(yeT y'IHTbIBaTb, LITO MbI
HMeeM AenO C KOM6HHaIZHeHH 3Be3J( CKOHJIeHHS- CO 3BeJ(aMH (pOHa. Pa3J(e-
neHHe HX oKa3aJIoCb BeCbMa 3aTpyJI,HHTeJlbHbIM H HpHMeHHTb K aaHHOMY
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
cJlyvaio McTOAbI, pa3pa6oTaHHble IT IT. IlapeHaro AJISI TyMaHHOCTH OpHOHa
[11 HeB03MO)KHO, T. K. B HccneayeMoh o6JIaCTH 3Be3AbI CKOnJIeHHA He
o6Hapy>KHBaIOT HHKaKHX 3BMeTHbIX ueHTpOB CrymeHHA.
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OAHaKO Ha pHC. 2 BCe-TaKH MO?KHO BHAeTb alloMaJlbHyIO KOHueHTpa-
UHIO 3Be3J CneKTpaJIbHbIX THHOB B3-AO 8-9 3Be3j(HbIX BeJIHTIHH, H 3Be3,a
F8-GO 10-11 BeJIHTIHH.
MOXiHO TaKMCe 3aMeTHTb C.neAbl I-JIaBHOiI nocJIeAOBa'reJIbHOCTH, 3aMeT-
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B o6JIaCTH IIo ica OpHOHa paCnOJ1OMSeHa HpH6JII3i3HTeJIbHO Ha OAHOM pac-
CTONHHH OT Hac, npH4eM AHarpaMMa cneKTp-a6COJIIO'1'HaH BeiiHTIHHa 3TOii
rpynnHpoalH CXOJLHa c aHaJIOrHTIHOii AHarpaMMoi3 Aim CKOnJIeHHA B o6Jia-
CTH TyMaHHOCTH OpHOHa. ,ga.nee 6yj y'r HpHBeAenbl Apyrue AaHHble, noA-
TBep>KAalonjHe 3TO npeAnOJIOM(eHHe.
2. PHC. 2 .i[aeT BO3MO>KHOCTb oueHHTb paCCTOAHHe AO HaMeYa}ouJeroc}I
cxonJleHHA: 3aMeTHan Ha HeM. rJIaBHaB nocJIeAOBaTeJIbHOCTb HanJIy4IIuuM
o6pa3oM COBMemaeTCn CO CTaHJLapTHoi3 npH Mo,uyJIe paCCTOHHHA, paBHOM
81?.7 (BHAHMOM, He HCnpaBJIeHHOM 3a norJlow,eHHe). gOHYCTHMa2 OIIIH6Ka
3TOrO 3HageHHSI MO,TyJI5i ?Om.2.
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PaCCMOTPHM pacnpeaeJleHHe 3Be3A no 3Be3AHbIM BeJIHLIHHaM OTaeJIbHO
Aim CneKTpaJIbHbIX THIIOB B9 H AO, npHBeaeHHOe B Ta6JIHue 2 H H3o6pa-
MieHHoe Ha pHC. 3.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
0Lj-
6.0 8.0
10.0 120 6.0 8.0
10.0 X2,0 mm
Ta6n.uga 2.
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6 ,5-7 ,0
1
2
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H 9m.2 COOTBeTCTBeHHO, c MaKCHMyMaMH (?yHKI.IHII CBeTHMOCTH-Mpg=
-01.2 AJIH B9 H Mpg= +01n.3 ,aim A0-MONSHO HOJIy1IHTb 3HaTIeHH5I MOAYJIA
paCCTOAHHSI 8m.5 H 8m.9 COOTBeTCTBeHHO.
OAHOBpeMeHHO 3TH paCHpeAeJIeHHSi y6eAHTeJIbHO nOKa3bIBaIOT, TITO
6OJIbLUHHCTBO 3Be3A 3THX cneKTpaJlbHbIX' xcnaCCOB HaXOAHTCSI npHMepHO Ha
OAHOM H TOM )Ke paCCTOSIHHH OT Hac, Tax KaK HHa'ie HeBO3M0?KHO O6?b5lC-
HHTb HepBblr3 MaKCHMYM Ha KPHBbIX pacnpeue,neHHa.
B pe3yJl?bTaTe cpeAHee 3Ha1IeHHe BHI.IHMOI'O MOAyJISI paCCTOS1HHSI no-
Jly9aeTC5I paBHbIM 8m.7 C BepociTHOfi OHIH6KO1!I OKOJIO 01.15.
. CpeAHee norJIOLgeHHe CBeTa B HaHIeK o6JIaCTII MO)KHO.OHpeAeJIHTb H3
H3BeCTHbIX AaHHbIX 0 tOTO3JIeKTpH'-IeCKHX H36bITKaX I(BeTa B-3B23,Z B
H3y'IaeMoH o6JIaCTH. TaKHX 3Be3A, B3HTbIX H3'Ta6JIHub1.176 B [11 HMeeTC 17.
Y BceX 3Be3A, 3a HCKJIIOTIeHHeM HD. 37903, H36bITKH Ma.nbl. CpeAHI3H H3-
6bITOK cocTaBJIHeT +Qm.090. UIpHHHMax 7=5:0 nwy 4, r cpeAHee -(poTp-
13
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
rpacpHgecMoe norJlonjeHHe B Hauleii o6JIacTH paBHbIM Om.45, a HcnpaBJieHHOe
3HageHHe MOAyj1SI-8m.25, TIeMy. COOTBeTCTByeT paCCTOHHHe B 445?30 nap
ceK. I4HTepeCHO cpaBHHTb 3T0 3HatIeHHe MOAyJIH CO 3Ha'IeHHeM, noJlyTIeH-
HbIM II. Ii. IIapeHaro no HpKHM B-3Be3AaM Hanlei%I o6JIaCTH (o6.naCTb T
y ITapeHaro), paBHbIM 8m.38.
3. IZpOBeaeHa CTaTHCTHKa 3Be3A no CneKTpaJIbHbIM K.naCCaM H 3Be3A-
HbIM BeJIH4HHaM. Pe3yJIbTaTbI ee CpaBHHBaJIHCb C HopMaJIbHbIMH aaHHbIMH
AJIH TOIi xte caMoi raiiaKTHgeCKo1 IIIHpOTbI (15?). COOTBeTCTBy omiie T icila
AaIOTCH B Ta6JIHue 3. B Ka)K2 o I KJIeTKe ee B TIHCJIHTeJIe CTOHT qHCJIO
3Be3A HCCJIeAyeMoii o6JIaCTH, nona.IaIOMIIX B yua3aHHbie npe)IeJlbl no CBOHM
3Be3AHbIM BeJIHTIHHaM H CneKTpaJIbHbIM KJIaCCaM. B 3HaMeHaTeJIe-aHaJIO-
rHTIHoe TIHCJIO AJISI HOpMa.nr Horo 3Be3AHoro nOJIH Ha ra.IaKTHTIeCKOI3 IIIH-
pOTe 15?. IZOCJIeAHHe nOJIyTIeHbI KaK CpeAHHe H3 6 KanTefHOBCKHX nAIOIuaAOK
(SA 3, 10, 43, 75, 86, 21) no AaHHbIM BSD [9], paCcTIHTaHHbIM Ha 10
KBaApaTHbIX rpaAYCOB. gaHHbie RSD 6paJIHCb TOJIbKO Ao llm-5, T. K.
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KJIeTKH C oCO6eHHO 6oJIbIHHM H36bITKOM 3Be3A B OpHOHe BbtAe-
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97 35 31 74 153 128
36 I 16 I 19
41 133 140
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1.4 225
I43 pacn]eaeJIeHHH BbIAeAIeHHbIX KJIeTOK ' 1CHO BHAeH 3HaLIHTeJIb-
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HbII3 H36bTTOK F-G 3Be3A 10-11 aeAiHTiHH (TITO Tt K?Ke McHee OTTIeTJIInBO
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
3aMeTHO H Ha puc. 2),. 9TO aaeT euie OAHO no1LTBep}K eHHe HaJIHYHH B
o6JIacTH noHCa. OpHOHa cKOnJ1eHH5I 3Be3A C TeM )Ke xapaxTepoM HaceJle-
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none no CneKTpaJIbHbIM THnaM H3o6pa)Kexo Ha plc, 4. Flo OCH a6cuHcc
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3Be3A THna M.
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COOTBeTCTByIOIuHe 4HCJIOBbie AaHHbie npHBeaeHbl B Ta6JIHue 4, BO
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A ,(m) B OpHOHe.
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
3TH TiHcjia HJIJIIOCTpHpy OT pHC. 5, rae pa3JIHTIHbIMn 3HagIKaMH H30-
6paxteiibl ZgA(m) no CHpcy H igA(m) B xaiueli o611aCTII. 3uecb CHOBa
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H3 Bceli ?npoaeAIaHHoI3 cTaTHCTHKH CJIegyeT TaKACe, TITO o6JIaCTb nOiCa
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3B23,f B paccMaTpHBaeMOII 06JIaCTH He Ha6JIIoaaeTC5I. 3Be3, bI CKOnJIeHHSI,
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143 paccMOTpeHHR cneKTpoB H 3Be32aHbIX BeJIH?IHH 3Be3A B 061IaCT14
FIo5Ica OpHOHa 1[OCTaTO1IHO onpeAe.neHHO CJIenyeT CylijeCTBOBaHHe B 3TOII
06JIaCTH HPOCTpaHCTBeHHO1i rpynnHpoBKH 3Be3J, HaxoAxiuelic5i OT HBC Ha
paCCTOSIHHH OKOJIO 450 napceK H HMeioiueii npHMepHO TOT xce xapaKTep
HaceJIeHHH (BepxHHSI TiaCTb rJIaBHOI3 nOcAej[OBaTeJIbHOCTH-,RO A5-H cy6-
rHraHTbI), TITO H HCCJIeaOBaHHoe 11. 11. IZapeHaro CKOfJIeHHe 3Be3J1 BOKpyr
TyMaHHOCTH OpHOHF.
. 06a yHOMSTHyTbie CK OnJIeHHH 5IBJIMIOTCH, OTIeBHJ.[HO, 1iaCTHMH emu- 6o.lee
06wwHpHOf 3Be3,T HOIi aCC OulaUHH OpHOHa.
B 3aKJIIOTIeH He CTIHTaIO CBOMM JI,OJIrOM BbIpa3HTb rJIy6oKyIO 6JIarOAap-
HOCTb npOjJ. I-I. TI. IZapexaro 3a UeHHbie COBel?bi H HCKJIIOtIHTeJIbHO BHH-
MaTeJIbHoe OTI-IOweHHe K .KaCT05Iii(ei3 pa6OTe,
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
A14TEPATYPA.
1.17. H. 17apehazo Tp. I'Al'IW, T. 25, 1954
2. 17. H. Hapenazo A>K 33, Ns 3, 444, 7956
3. H. H. Hapenazo A)K, 33, Ns 5, 749, 1956
4. A. J. Cannon, Harv. Ann., 92, 1918
5. A. J. Cannon, Harv. Ann., 112, 1950
6. Morgan, Keenan and Kellenian. An Atlas of Stellar Spektra, Yerks, 1943.
7. A. N..Vysotsky, Ap. J. 93, 425, 1941
8. 0. C. Wendell, Harv. Ann., 50, 54, 1908
9. A. Schwassman, P. J. van Rhijn, Spektral-Durchmusterung der 115 nordlichen.
Kaptejn' schen Eichfelder..Bergedorf, P. I, 1935; P. 11, 1938; P. 111, 1947; P. IV, 1951
10. F. H. Sears, P. J. van Rhijn, NltW'Contr, Ns 301, 1925.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
A. M. 6AXAPEB u 0;'B. aOEPOBOJI,6CKIfP
APEN) METEOPHbIX CJIE,L OB HA,q TAJ)l{NKICTAHOM
Ha6Juo.i eHHSI McTeopHblx cJIeJ(oB npOBOAHJIHCb BO BpeM5i 6a3HCHbIx
Ha6AloAeHHN TeJiecKonH4ecRHX McTeopOB Ha 6a3Hce O6cepBaTOpH$I-boTa-
HH4eCKHi3 can, a TaK)Ke BO BpeMH cneIAHWI HO Bbl eJIeHHbIx AJIA Ha6Juo-
.LeHH5I CJIeAOB nepHO,aOB, npeHMyu ecTBeHHO BO BpeMSI JjefICTBu i McTeop-
HbIX nOTOKOB.
I-IacTb Ha6JIIoaeHHA 6blJia o6pa6oTaHa H ony6JIHKOBaHa, paHee [4, 5].
B HaCTOHu eI3 CTaTbe J[aIOTCSI pe3yJlbTaml o6pa6oTKH OCTaJlbHbIX Ha6JIlo-
AeHHi3, B T. 4. Ha16ojiee HHTepeCHbIX-6a3HCHbIX McTeopoB.
BpeMA npOJ16Ta McTeopa perHCTpHpOBaJIOCb C TO4HOCTbIO J[O 1 MH-
HyTbI. flepBOHa4aJIbHoe noJio)KeHHe c.ieAa HaHOCHJIOCb Ha KapTbI MaJloro
aTJlaca MHXaIIJIOBa. CKOpOCTb Apeillpa onpeAeJIAJlaCb nyTeM 3aceKaHHA ce-
KyHAOMepOM BpeMeHH npOXO)KAeHHSJ CJJ J OM HOAR 3peHHA HHCTpyMeHTa
(HJIH OnpeAeJI6HH09 JJ,OJIH nOJIA 3peHHA A.ns CJIa6l!x cJleAoB).
H3MepiJICH TaK)Ke n03HUHOHHbIIi yro i Repeiiq)a T, onpeAeJIHeMbIhI KaK
yroJI MexuAy HanpaBJleHHeM Ha HaAHp H HanpaaneHHeM BHAHMOr0 cMeuie-
HH51 cJleAa? IIo3FIL[HOHHbIi-I yroii OTC4HTbIBaJIC5] OT 0? Ao 360? no HanpaB-
JIeHHIO ABH>KeHHA 4aCOB0iI CTpeJIKH.
1UJis psAa cneAOB 6bIJiH caeJIaHbl TaK)Ke 3apHCOBKH HX 4 oPMbi. Bce
CJIe)IbI 3a HCKJlJogeHHeM Ns 11, 6bIJIH BHAHbI KaK CBeTALLLHecH nOJIOCKH, cnepaa
npHMOJIHHeiiHbie H 6anee HJIH McHee HCKpHBJIeHHbie B KOHue Ha6Juo.1eHHii.
HeKOTOpble H3 HHX OCTaBJIAJIH OTAeJIbHble ApKHe CrYCTKH, aep)KaBuiHecq
HHorAa no HeCKOJIbKy MHHyT nociie HC4e3HOBeHHA noJIOCKH. CJIeA . Ns 11
npeuCTaBJIAJI co6oii o4eHb ApKyio 6blcTpo paculH,pAlou yiocS Tpy6Ky C BecbMa
6oAbuioii (Ao 50?) nepBOHatlajibHOit AJIHHOi3. Tpy64aToe cTpoeHHe CJieAa
6IJJIO BecbMa XopouJO 3aMeTHO B TeT-IeHHe Bcero BpeMeHH Ha6JiloaeHH51
cJleAa.
no MHeHHK) aBTOpOB, Tpy64aTbie cneAbI cJleAyeT 06'bSiCHATb KaK
B44eKT COBMeCTHOr0 noHBJIeHHA nbIJIEBOro H ra30Boro CJIeAOB. nbIJIeBOii
CJIeA, npOeKTHpyACb Ha CBeTHMM ICA HOHH3aUHOHHbIH- ciieA, C03AaeT Bne-
TIaTJIeHHH Tpy6KH. 3Ta TOgKa 3peHH53 HaXOAHT CBOe nOAKpenJleHHe B
XapaKTepe BHAHMOI'O paCHIHpeHHA Tpy64aTbIX cJIeAOB. TeMHaS BHyTpeHHASJ
30Ha yBeJIH1HBaeT CBOiI AHaMeTp OAHOBpeMeHHO C yBeJIH4eHHeM pa3MepOB
CBeTJIbIX BHeinHHX 04epTaHHiI c.leAa. TaKoe pacwHpeHHe BHyTpeHHerO
AHaMeTpa 'rpy6oK 6bino OTMegeHo oco6eHHO OT42TJIHBO Ha ciieAe N2 11, a
Taloxe Ha Tpy64aTbIX CJIeAax, Ha6JIIoAaBuJHxCH B CTa.lHHa6aae paHee
1CM. 11.
Bo3M0%HO, 4TO nbIJIeBa5I COCTaBJIA1on.(aS HMeeTCA BO BCeX McTe0pHb1X
c ieAax, HO npH MaJIOM ee KOJIH4eCTBe oCTaeTCA He3aMegeHHOi1.
,18
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Bbina TaloKe o'rMeLleHa npoAoJl)KHTeJIbHOCTb caegeHHS3 cJle1LoB'B ce-
KyHAax.
O6pa6oTKa Ha6JIIoaeHHI-I BeJlacb no cJIeayIou]HM (4opMyJlaM [2]. 3Ha1
BbICOTy cneaa Haa'noBepXHOCTbio 3eMJIH H, 3eHHTHoe paCCTOSIHHe z a3H-
MyT A H yrJIOByIO CKOPOCTb W B paAHaxa.x 3a ceKyHay noc.neAOBaTeJIbHO
HaXOAHM:
1) pacCTOSIHHe Ao cneua no rOpH30HTaJIH = H tg z
2) CKOpOCTb apekpa v=w H sec z 1sin (+cos- -i sec- z
3) a3HMyT Apei4a a-A-a
(B [2] oluH6oLIHO yxa3aHO: a=A +a.)
ter a = tg c cos z;
a3HMyT a yxa3biBaeT HanpaBJleHHe, K y a a apeiIcpyeT CJIeJ.
4) npoexuHlo CKOPOCTH apeill(pa Ha He6ecHylo ccpepy
v,=(j) Hsec z.
BbICOTa cJIeAOB 6bina npl1H5ITa nOCTO51HHOI3 H paBHOiI 82 KM. B AeiICTBH-
'reJIbHOCTH, KaK OTMegaeT UeceBHll [3], BbICOTa cneAa MO)KeT H He OCTa-
BaTbCH Hel13MeHHOr4 H nonyLiaeMble CO CTaHAaPTHOII BbICOTOH 3HaLIeHH31
CKOPOCTH MOryT OTJIHLIaTbCn OT HCTHHHbIX.' I1OSTOMy TaKO1?I McTOA AaeT
TOnbKO nOp5AOK BeJIHgHHbI CKOpOCTH Apei4 a H ero HanpasneHHSI.
HeKOTOPbIM onpaBAaHHeM. An5I TaKOH npoueaypbi, nOMHMO He3HaHHH
HCTHHHOI/ BenHmHHbI Z KOMnoHeHTbI CKOPOCTH, SIBJISIeTCSI TO o6CT05ITenb-
CTBO, 4TO BepTHKaJIbHbie nepeMeLuenusi B CpeAHeM nOBHAHMOMy paBHbl
Hynlo. BTO CneayeT H3 CTaTHCTHKH H03HUHOHHbIX yrJIOB, cpeAHSISI uHCneH-
HOCTb KOTOPbIX B AByX BepXHHX KBaapaHTaX H B AByx HH)KHHX KBaA-
paHTaX C 60nbuIOI4 CTeneHblo TOLIHOCTH OJAHHaKOBa.
B Ta6nHue I HpHBOAATCH pe3yJlbTaTbl o6pa6OTKH Ha6nlo.eHHfI. Bee
Heo6Xo.aHMbie nOSICHeHHH AaHbI B 3a1OJIOBKaX KOJIOHOK.
McTeopbl NNJV's 7 H 8 SIBJIHIOTCSI B aeACTBHTeJlbHOCTH OAHHM H TeM
3Ke McTeopoM, Ha6nio,neHHbIM 0AHOBpeMeHHO 060HMH Haftioa TenxMH c
KOHI.I,OB 6a3Hca O6cepBaTOPH5I-BoTCaa aJIHHbI b-4,2 KM. B 3TOM cnyLiae z
KOMHOHeHTa CKOPOCTH apefi(pa Mo)KeT 6bITb onpeAe.nexa no pa3HOCTH no-
3HUHOHHbIX yrnoB cneua A-c nponopuHoHanbxou CKOpOCTH H3MeHeHHH na-
pannaKCa ' T.
b sin a cos-;r _b sin ~i
HMeeM: r` = sin = H = R
r,ae R=Hsec z-paccToaHHe Ao cneaa
H cos (3=sin z cos A A
rAe A A-pa3HOCTb a3HMyTOB 6a314ca H cneua.
d r b sin P ' dR
OTC1OAa: dt = - R2 dt
H, CneAOBaTenbHO, paAHaJIbHasi CKOpOCTb CneAa `U, , T. e. CKOPOCTb BAOJIb
nyLia 3peHH51, paBHa:
dR _ _ R2 do
v, - dt b sin p dl
C RpyrOfl CTOpOHbl,
da
ill sin P
rae P-yron, o6pa3yeMblH HaripaBn.eHHeM , napannaKTH9ecKoro cMemeHHR
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
H BHuHMbIM HanpaBJleHHeM Apeh(pa, a BT-pa3HOCTb II0314LkI4OHHbIX -yrJIOB,
nOJIO)KHTeJIbHaJ, KOrAa It BO3PaCTaeT CO BpeMeHeM H OTpHuaTeJIbHaH,
KOTAa. 'tt y6bnBaeT.
OKOH4aTeJIbHO
b sin P stn (i
Vr = - "' Pz
McTOA onpeaeJIeHHH HarIpaBJIeHHSI napaJ1JIaKTH4eCKoro cMellJeHHSI OnHCaH
HaMH paxee [cM. 4].
B .AaHHOM CJiy4ae cjiea HOHBHJICH 1104TH TO4HO B a3HMyTe 6a3HCa,
a T 6J[H3KO x 270?. II03TOMy sin R=1, sin P?1
A
b
HOACTaBJIHH 4HCJIeHHbie 3HageHHH b-4,2.103 McTpOB, AT- -8?=-0,14
=4,5.10-4 paAHaHa H R- 2,62.105 MelpoB, HOJIy4HM:
`Ur=1,0.103 McTp
ceK
ECJIH OTO)KJJeCTBHM ytacTOK CJieAa, perHCTpHpoBaBLUHI3CSI Ha6JnoAaTe-
JIeM Ha 06cepBaTOpHH, C To4KoI3 B CJiei a, Ha6JIIonasuieI3cx 113 BOTCa1[a, H
HpHMeM COOTBeTCTBeHHO 1AJIH TO4KH B w=94 MHH. Ayr' =4,6.10-4 paama',
H R=2,56.106 McTpOB, TO HOJIy4HM TO ice.3Ha4eHHeM ceK
vr-1.0.103 McTp
ceK.
3HaK + yKa3blBaeT, 4TO CJiej[ yAaJiHeTCH OT Ha6JIK)AaTeJIA. 000TaB-
JIHIOU He CKOPOCTH B KapTHHHOII HJIOCKOCTH Ha6JIIOAaTeJI5I 6yAyT: %
-112 McTp 06cepBaTOpHSI
ceK.
-116 ? BOTCaA
nepneHAHKy. pHaH K HeI3 HOpMaJlbHa, co- (- 36 Lcl 06cepBaTOpHH
cTaBJIHK)HjaH Vt = co R COST ex
l - 20 BoTCaA
HaKOHeU, nOBOpOTOM.oceYi KoopgHHaT OKOJIO OCH V Ha yrOJi z,
MO}KeM nepefITH K 60Jiee HPHBbI4HbIM KOOpAHHaTaM C BepTHKaJibHOFt OCI }O 8
H rOPH30HTaJIbHbIMH X H Y OCHMH (CM. pHC. 1).
1 McTp
+344 ceK, 06cepBaTOpHSI
+346 BoTcaa
Merp
-F -940 ceK. 06cepBaTopHH
+940 ? BoTCaA
Prac. 1
1-1oJIHaH cKOpocTb:
Vo- Y V'X'
McTp.
dxlvy v2,-103 cex
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
roPIi30HTaJIbHa5i COCTaBJIHIOLnaH `Ur.=w RSin
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
P:ic. 2
I'ITaK, eCJIH a3MepeHHOe 3HaqeHHe i BepHO, TO c ieA apeli(poBaJI
BBepx CO CKOPOCTbIO nopA Ka 300 MeTpOB B CeK., OAHOBpeMeHHO cMe-
Iua5lCb BrIPaBO H yAaJI1 1Cb OT Ha6JnoJ1aTeJIH. I1OJIHaH CKOpOCTb v0 6biJia
6oJIbiue, LIeM BbI'-IHCJIeHHaHI B npe1 nojio IKAy v H v, Kai<
BHjiHM, npe,eJIbI B03MOMKHbIX BapHauHII v? MaJIbI npH MaJIbIX 8 H BeCbMa
CHJIbHO B03paCTaloT npH 60JIbHJHx z. B LIacTHOCTII, AJ151 CJieAa N9 10-
HMeioIuero Z=81?, Bo3MOMKHble nPeAeJtbI BapHauHH vo oco6eHHO BeJIHKH
H OH Boo6J4e HCKJIIOLIeH H3 aaJlbHeihHlero paCCMOTpeHHSI.
CKa3aHHoe OTHOC14TCH K yCJIOBHIO, KOrAa CpeAHBR BbIcoTa BCeX CJIeAOB
oAHHaKOBa H paBHa 82 KM. HeOAHHaKOBa51 CPeAHH5I BbICOTa pa3JIHIIHbIX
McTeopOB BHOCHT j1onOJIHHTeJIbHyIo norpeiwHOCTb, KOTOPaf OAHaKO B cpeA-
HeM paBHa HyJIIO.
I-IpHBOAIIMble HHMKe pHc. 2 H 3 AaiOT pacnpeaeJleHHe Apeil(pa cJieAoI3
110 a3HMyTY H CKOpOCTH Ha OCHOBaHHH Ta6Jlnubl 1.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
PacnpeueJIeHHe cKOpocTeH no pyM6am-po3a BeTpoB-HMeeT xapaK-
TepHY10 (popMy H B 06IIjeM COOTBeTCTByeT nony4aeMbIM JjpyrHMIi Ha6Jilo-
AaTe.IAMH. Oco6o CneAyeT OTMeTHTb nOCTOHHCTBO 4HCneHHbIX 3HageHHf3
CKOpOCTH B03AYIIIHbIX TegeHHI-I.
CpaBHeHHe KpHBoiI b pHC. 2 C pacnpeae.neHHeM cxopocTeIi Apei(pa
3a 1934-38 r.r. [2] (KpaBaa a pHC. 2) no1ca3biaaeT y4HBHTeJIbHYIO ycTOr3-
4HBOCTb pacnpeA.eJleHHl CKOpocTefi CTpaTOC(pepHblX Te4eHHii Haa. TaAxcH-
KHCTaHOM: o6e KpHBble 1104TH TO4HO HOBTOpHIOT Apyr Apyra. IIpaBAa,
o6a cpaBHHBaeMbie HHTepBaJia cJIy4aIiHO naAa10T Ha rOAbI C 6OJIbIHHM
cpeLLHHM 4HCJIOM BoJlb(pa: cpeAHeroiLoBoe 4HCJIO BoJ1b(pa 3a 1934-38 r.r.
B MexcAynapoAHOH ulopHxcKOH cHCTeMe-70, a 3a 1950-52 r. r.-oicono
100 H aJIH OKOH4aTeJIbHoro CYM{AeHHH o6 yCT0i34HBOCTH paCnpeAeneHHA
6buio 6bI XOpOuIO npOH3BeCTH COOTBeTCTByJon.jHe Ha6nioAeHHH npH MaJ1bIX C
4HCJiax BOJib(pa. OAHaxo, ManO BepOHTH0 4To6bI OTHOCHTeJIbHble 4HCJia
BOnb(pa Aa.1H oco6eHHo 6onbwOI3 344ecT.
BbIJlO 6bI BeCbMa *?KeJlaTeJIbHO COCTaBHTb CBOAHble aaHHbie no .ApeH(py
McTeOpHbIX CJIeAoB HaA CpeAHeH A3HeH, HCIIOJIb3OBaB Ana sroro Bce
Ha6nIoaeHHH cneAOB, nPOBOAHBIIIHeC51 B AH[xa6a,e H CTannna6a,ge B HO.-
pHAice coBMeCTHOfI pa6oTbi AAJI H CAO.
AHTEPATYPA:
. 1. 0. B. J1o6pO8OAbCKUU, Apefiq) McTeopHblx cJ'e1IoB HaA TamxcHKHCTaHobl. q)OHIIbI CTaJIHH-
a6aAcKOH AO.
2. B. B. Zedb1HCxu6, HouHble CBeTHIWHeCSI cJleAbl McTeopoB. Tpy,itbl CAO T. 11, cTp. 5, 1941
3. B. 17. L4eceeutl,'-ITO H KaK Ha6J11oAaTb Ha He6e. rHTTJI 1950.
4. 0. B..aOCpoeoJLbCKUU u A. M. Eaxapee, L peHCp MCTeO HbIX cneaoB HaA TaA)KItKHCTa-
HOM. Coo6H>,eHHB T4 AH Ne 1, 1947.
5. A. M. baxapee, IlepceHAbl B 1950 rouy. LbHplcynKp CAO Ns 87-88, cTp. 4-6, 1950.
6. A. M. Baxapee u 0. B..,Jo6pO8ORbcKuu, Bb1COTbI H paAHaHTbI TeJ1ecKoIIH9eci nx McTeo-
PoB B 1947-48 r. r., BIOJIJIeTeHb CAO N2 3, cTp. 17-29, 1952.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Cpe.Hee IianpaB-
aeHHe Ha caeA
C nyHKTa
Ha6J1IoAeHHB
a M
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1949. IX.21d 16h 41"'
309?.7
40?.6
15
56
1950. IV.20 22 45
203 .9
3 .8
92
103
V.15 16 12
154 .4
12 .4
135
47
IX. 8 18 12
357 .6
16 .4
271.5
23
1951.VI11. 1 22 OIA
190 .2
37 .2
108
58
B
194 .9
37 .3
100
63
VIII. 4 21 03
94 .5
57 .9
40
157
VIII. 6 18 05
199 .6
18 .3
80
92
VIII. 6 18 07A
199 .0
18 .6
109.5
94
B
202 .4
20 .5
134
115
VIII. 7 18 25
224 .9
49 .4
35
91
V111.11 21 38
204 .9
8 .8
45
93
1952.VIII.IId 16h 59m
105?.7
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90
90
190?
88
230
75
40
100
100
252
260
260
15
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
BbIBOP OB bEKTUBHOcI HPII3MbI J_[JISI
CrIEKTPO(POTOMETPHU METEOPOB
3a,auerl HaCTO meet ?pa6OTbI SIBJIHeTCSI paC-I2T. o6'beKTHBHbIx nPH3M
AJISI Ilosoro McTeopxoro na'rpyJia CAO, cxa6)KeHHOro KaMepaMH C noJleM
S
3peHHSi 40 X 51? H o6'beKTHBaMH ?YpaH-9" (F = -.5 F= 25 cm .
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O
600-700A/MM [1] HeaocTaTOLIHa. OAHaIO, gpe3Mepx0e yBeJIHTIeHHe AHCnep-
CHH TaK>Ke HeBbIrOAHO nOTOMy, LITO 6yAeT (IOTorpa4IHpOBaTbCH Ma.no cneKT-
POB McTeopOB. Hai6O.nee npHeMJIeMoi MO>KHO CLIHTaTb amcriepCHIO B cpeA-
HEM OKOJIO 300 A /MM.
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x(eHHe H norJIoa eHHe npH MHHHMaJIbHOM pa3Mepe, o6yCJIoBJIeHHOM 6oJIb-
uieri npOCTOTOrI H3rOTOBJIeHHH H xopoIIIeM KatieCTBe nepeAatu H306-
paweH151.
JJ.n i onpueaeHHR y'-lacTKa CneKTpa, KOTOpbIrI M0)KHO C(pOTOrpa(H-
pbBaTb Ha naHXpOMaTII~IeCKofI nJIeHKe BbICLUecI T-IyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH, MbI
paCCgHTaJIH KPHByIO aKTHHHLIHOCTH CBeTa 3B23A CneKTpaJIbHbIX KJIaCCOB
BO H G5 Ha OCHOBe MaTepiaJIOB pa60TbI [2]. Ha pHCyHKe 1 no OCH op-
AHHaT B OTHOCHTeJIbHbIX eAHHHuax OTJIO>KeHbI npOH3Be.geHH5I CneKTpaJIb-
HOrI HHTeHCHBHOCTH H3JIytIeHHH 3B23A j, CneKTpaJIbHOK LIyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTII
nJIeHKH S, KO9(1xj)11 .HeHTa nponyCKaHHR 06'beKTHBa T H Ko3 41HgHeHTa
np03pa'qHOCT14. aTMOC(pepbl P; no ocH a6cujicc oTJlo)KeHbI 000TBeTCTByK)-
LI[He 3HaLIeHHH AJIHH BOJIH )..
113 PHCyHKa 1 BHAHO, HTO H3 B03MO)KHOPO H3JIy4eHHA McTeopa Mb!
MO)KeM C(OTOrpa(JHpOBaTb yqaCTOK CneKTpa B npejenax 370-670 m?.
0
f109TOMy AJI 1 aOCTH>KeHHH cpeAHeii aHcnepcHm 300 A/MM Heo6xo. nMo,
4TO6bI AJIHHa CneKTpa 1, T. e. IPOH3BeaeHHe pa3HOCTII OTKJIOHeHHI$ Kpae-
BbIX JlytieI3 K' OCHOBaHHIO npH3MbI Ha (] OKyCHOe paCCTOHHHe 06'beKTHBa,
66IJia OKOJIO 10 MM. OTKJIOHeHHe Jlyqa s npH erO BbIxo2 e H3-npH3MbI nOA
yrJIOM HanMeHbmero OTKJIOHeHHH MO>KHO HariTH no (popMyJle.
sin 2n sin A cos A ~1-n`I sin- A +2n'- sin-' 2 sin A - sin A
TAE A - npeJloMJlflionLHrt yroJi npH3MbI;
24
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 . Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO45700380001-3
It - HOKa3aTeJIb npeJIOMJIeHHSI RIA I MOHOXpOMaTHtlecxOro Jlytia.
Pe3y.IbTaTbI pactleTa AJIHHbI crlexTpa B MM Mexcay X=365 mp H
). == 656.3 mp. AI,JIH npH3M H3 pa3JI14TIHbIX COPTOB CTeKJIa [3.1 npHBe1[eHbI
B Ta6JIHge 1.
TK 4 57
TK 2 TI( 9
60?
16.6
16.9
A = 450
11,0
11.0
30?
25?
MapKa cTeEJ a
0
60?
70.
20 8
21.6 23.1
26.5
30,0
39.0
42.7
44.6
48.6
1
45?
1 1.2
12.0
122 12.9
159
16. l 15.7
20.8
21.5
22.5
30?
6.5 7.5
9,2
. 9.2 11.0
11.7
12.2
12.6
25?
1
7.5
9.7
10
2,5
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
BHAHM, 'ITO OCHOBHOMy Tpe6osaHHlo y4OBJIeTBOpHK)T npH3MbI H3
CTeKJIa Bct 8, TK 1, TK 2, TK 3 npH yrne npenoMneHHH A= 60?; H3 cTeK-
na TK 11, B(I) 13, .Jlcl) 5 npH A= 45?; H3 CTelcJia TO 1, TO 2, TO 3 npH
A = 30 H, HaKOHeu, H3 cTexna T4 4, TO 5 npH A = 25?. A3 3THX B03-
M6)KHblx npH3M MbI AOJDKHbI Bb16paTb Ty, KOTOpaH o611aaaeT HaHMeHb-
WHMH nOTepIMH CBeTa Ha OTpa)KeHHe H nOrnOUjeHHe, 3aBHCHUjHMH OT pa3-
MepOB npH3MbI.
Pa3Mepbl npH3MbI onpeAeJI uoTCH o6paTHbIM XOAOM nytlef1i OT KpaCB
nonsI KaMepbi 'Iepe3 rpaHH npH3Mbi. IIorJIOnjeHHe B nfH3Me p pace IHTaHo
Ansl nygKa, H.t[yiuero noa yrnoM HaHMeHbmero OTKJIOHeHH 1 no cpeAHeii
JIHHHH rnaBHOrO Ce'eHHH npH3MbI. IlOTepH CBeTa npH OTpa)KeHHH OT rpa-
He1l, 3aBHC5IIuHe OT AJIHHb1 BO:IHbI CBeTa, BeIueCTBa npH3MbI H yrna na-'
JAeHHH, paCC9HTbIBaJIHCb no 4)opMyne (DpeHenH:
k - 1 {I stn2 (i, - i2) tg2 (il - i3)
2 t sine (il + i2) ~f tg2 -(i,+ i2) J'
MapKa
cTexna
TK 2
TK11
14)1
i1 (X365)
53?,861
55?,578
53?,736
52?,986
40?,308
39?.375
39?,694
2 k,
15.80
17.90
15.84
15.00
13.84
12.6
13.0
k2
37.0
43.4
37.3
34.8
15.5
14.0
144
k3
5.6
6.4
5.2
c. i
6.3
5.6
5.8
k
29.2
33.8
29.1
17.8
16.1
166
IJ
44;
463
MapKa A = 30?
1 A = 25?
creKJ[a
i, (a=365) 26?,105 26?,608
27?,536
23?,128
2,',383
2 k, 12.74 13.90
15.0
Lt .0
16.1
k., 8.6 9.2
10.0
9.5
9.7
k.; 6.9 6.0
7.6
.6.3
7.0
k 14.1 14.5
6.3
15.9
.6.4
5
4
12
8.5
rae k - oTHomeHHe HHTeHCHBHOCTeII oTpa)CeHHoro H naaalou>;ero J1yt1e i;
i1, i2 - yrJlbl na,i[eHHSI H npe.IoMJIeHHSI nytia.
3aBHCHMOCTb OTpa)KeHHSI OT aJIHHbI BOJIHbI Bblpa)KeHa cna6o, pa3JIH-
'He 1LJiSI KpaeBbix nyuei oKOno 1%.
,IJna nyt;el , HAyuZHX B HpH3Me f0.i[ yrnoM HaBMexbuIero OTKnOHe-
HH1 il, nOTepH k1 Ha Ka) oi'i rpaHH npH3MbI 6yAyT OAHHaKOBbIMH BcneA-
CTBHe CHMMeTpHtiHoro Xo.ija J1yga. ,Ina nytieii naAaJOiil',HX Ha rpaHb npH3MbI
nOA HaH6onbiuHM yrJloM naJIeHHH (ii + 25?), noTepH k2 Ha nepaoft rpaHH
npH3MbI 6YAyT OTJI(3tiaTbCH OT [IOTepb k3 Ha BTOpotk rpaHit. CpeAHHe n0-
26
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
TepH k. 6yAyT xapaKTepH30BaTb Ka'eCTBo npH3MbI no OTpa)KeHHIO CBeTa.
Pe3yJlbTaTbl paCqeTa nOTepb CBeTa Ha OTpa)KeHHe k m nornoiueHHe p,
sblpa)KeHHble B npoljeHTaX, H BeC npH3M g B Kr Ha OCHOBe HCXOAHbIX
AaHHbIX [3] npHBeAeHb! B Ta61Hue 2.
143 Ta6nHubI 2 CneAyeT, 'ITO Ha116onee Bbiro)iHbIMH SIBJIHIOTCH npH3MbI
C npenOMJ IIIOIuHMH yrnaMH 25-30? H3 Tslxcenoro (3J1BHTa, T. K. nOTepH
CBeTa Ha OTpa)KeHHe H riorimLueHHe, a TaK)Ke Bec STHX npH3M HaHMeHb-
mHe. Coo6pa3yclCb C B03MO?KHOCTSIMH H3rOTOBAeHH51, Mbi 3aKa3anH npH3MbI
cnpAMbIM yrnoM npH OCHOBaHHH, AHaMeTpOM 25 CM H 3HageHHeM npe-
noMnRloujero yrna A=25?, cTexno TO 5 3 KaTeropHH 6 xnacca [3].
CAe.iaeM npH6JlI)KeHHoe OTHOCHTenbaoe conoCTaBneHHe 3("eKTHBHO-'
CTeft KaMep C npH3MaMH H 6e3 HHX.
I-lyCTb CneKTp HenpepblBHbl14. EcnH AJIHHa CneKTpa 10 MM, TO AJISI
noay'-IeHHSI HenpepbiBHoro CneKTpa HeO6XOAHMO, tITo6bI SIPKOCTb o6'beKTa
6bina B 200 pa3 (100.05) 6onbiue no cpaBHeHHIO C TOt1e9HbIM o6,beKTOM He-
\`
pa3Jio)KeHHbIM B CneKTp. ` KpoMe Toro, nOTepl CBeTa B 1IPH3Me COCTaBBT
20% (Ta6nHua 2); ecnu xce nPH3Ma 6yaeT npoCBeTneHa, TO KO3("HUHeHT
OTpa)KeHHSH CHH3HTC51 B 3-4 pa3a [6] H o6miie noTepii COCTflBSIT 8 %. B
pe3ynbTaTe MO)KHO 6yaeT'(4OTOrpa4)HpOBaTb HenpepblBHble CneKTpbI o6'b-
eKTOB Ha 5-6 3Be3AHbIX BenHqHH 6onee SIPKHX (_2..5 Ig 200 ? lob / no
CpaBHeHHIO C o6'beKTaMH Hepa3no)KeHHbIMH B CneKTp.
CneKTp McTeopa nxxeII4aTbII-i, n03TOMy CBeTOBa51 3HeprHfl 6yAeT CO-
cpeAOTO9eHa B JIHHHAX CneKTpa. WHpHH,a MOHoxpoMaTH9eCKO1%I JIHHHH
6y.i eT 3aBHCeTb OT norpemmHOCTeii HHCTpyMeHTa. Pa3pemmaloujax cnoco6-
HOCTb 06'beKTHBa ?YpaH-9" B ueHTpe. IIOJ151 He McHee 22 AHHHP Ha MM,
T. 'e. MOM(HO CtIHTaTb a6eppan;HoHHoe n5ITHO pacceSIHHSH paBHbIM 0.05 MM.
WHPHHa MOHOXpOMaTH9eCKOIi JIHHHH CneKTpa HecKonbKO 60nbiue LLIHPHHbI
cnej[a McTeopa He pa3JIo)KeHHOrO B CneKTp, 'ITO o6y1naBnHBaeTC51 aOnOn-
HHTenbHbIMH OILIH6KaMH, BHOCHMbIMH npH3MOci. UonyCTHM, 'ITO o6,beKTHB
H3o6paxcaeT TOYKy Kpy)KI(0M c nonepe4HHKoM 0.05 MM, (poTOnneHxa we
pacm pxeT 3T0 H3o6paxceHHe ellje Ha ,0.015. MM, Tax 'TO B pe3ynbTaTe
IUHPHHY cneAa Me'reopa M0)KHO nPHHHTb paBHOIi 0.065 MM. BCneACTBHe
pa3JIH4H51 B noKa3aTeiix npen0MneHHH o6b1KHOBeHHOrO H HeO6bIKHOBeH-
HOI'O nyqeli, nPH3Ma TpeTbeli KaTeropHH pa3ABaHBaeT MOHOXpoMaTH'IeCKyIO
JIHHHK) Ha 0.014 MM, LITO B CyMMe c nOrpeHIHOCTHMH 06'beKTHBa H (])oTO-
nneHKH COCTaBHT 0.079 MM. OTCioAa Cne,i[yeT, 9TO pa3peluaioLua5i cnoco6-
HOCTb HHCTpyMeHTa C rlpl13MOli 344 KaTeropHH 6yAeT B cpeAHeM o o.mo
24 A, a C npt13MOIi 141' ICaTeropHH OHa 6bina 6bI paBHa 19 A.
ECnH 6b1 CBeTOBaSI 3Heorai 6bina cocpeAOToqexa B n JIHHHHX CneKTpa,
TO Anx TOGO, LIT06b1 C( OTOrpa4 HpOBaTb TaKOR CneKTp, He06XoAHM McTeop
Ha Am = - 2.5 Ig 0.079 n 3Be3)[HbIX BeJIHLIHH 6onee SipKli i, 'IBM McTeop
0.065
Hepa3JIO)K HHblli B cIleKTp. HanpHMep, npH n = 10, Am = - 2.7 3B. Be.!!.
OAHaio 3TO 'LIHCJIO 3aBbIIHeHO,.T. K. He Bce B03MO)KHble JIHHHH CneKTpa
McTeopa MOryT OCTaBHTb Cne1Lbl Ha (poTOnneHKe BCneACTBHe Hx Manofl
HHTeHCHBHOCTH.
TeM He Meliee 51pKOCTb MeTeopa, Aaioujero CneKTp no CpaBHeHHIO C
1 KOCTBIO McTeopa Hepa3JIOKeHHOrO B CneKTp, AOA)KHa ne)KaTb B npeAe-
nax PaCC4HTaHHbIX An51 nadefNaToro H HenpepblBHoro CneKTPOB H 3aBHCHT
KpoMe Toro OT CneKTpanbHOrO npOnyCKaHHA CTeKna npH3MbI He y'IHTbI-
BaBnIeroc ! HaMH.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
ConOCTaBHM OTHOCHTenbHyIO 3( (eKTHBHOCTb KaMep c o6'beKTHBaMI?i
,YpaH-9" H ?HHAyCTap-7" (P-=_J-5 F =10,5 CM) 1IpHMeHBBIIIHXCH payee
Aim 4JoTOrpa(IJHpOBaHu 1 McTeopOB.,Rua ieTp a6eppauBOHHOrO IIATHa pacceSl-
HHSI o6'beKTHBa ,HHaYCTap 7" TaK)Ke npH6JIH3HTeJIbHO paseH 0.05 MM [4].
OCBeWeHHOCTb H3o6pa)KeHH9 TOYKH Ha (jOTOCJIOe B IjeFPTPe. OIITHYecMoro
no.nsl y o6'beKTHBa YpaH-9" 6yAeT B DDl~ =11,1 pa3 6o.nbule, 'ieM y o6'b-
CKTHBa , HHR)CTap-7". 06'beFCTHB ?YpaH-9" COCTOHT H3 IIATH, a ,,HHRy-
c'rap? 7" H3 MeTblpeX JIHH3. Cor.nacHo [5] APKOCTb Bb!XOAAIII;ero nygKa y
06'beNT11Ba ?YpaH-9" COCTaBHT 0,56, a y o6'beKTllBa , HHAYCTap-7" 0,65 [61
oT na.I a 1ou1ero.
OAHaKO JIHH3bI o6'beKTHBa ?YpaH-9" npOCBeTJieHbl,, 'ITO CHH)KaeT K03(~-
(4nuue'1' OTpaxceHHA Ha Ka)KAOfI HOBepXHOCTH B CpeA1IeM Ao 1.5% [6] H
2PKOC'1'b BbIXOAAIUero nyqKa 6yAeT OKOJIO 0.75 OT naAalo uero. OTcIoAa
APKOCTb BbIxuHmero, nyqKa y 06'beKTHBa ?YpaH-.9" 6yAeT B 0.75 pa3
0.65
60JIbme, qeM y o6'beKTHBa , HIHAyCTap-7". (PoKyCHoe paCCTOHHHe o6'beK-
THBa ?YpaH-9" 60.nbme, '-IeM y ,,HHAyc'rap-7"; 3a CgeT yMexbmeHHH Bbl-
AepxcKH McTeopa o6'beKTHB ?YpaH-9" TepMeT B ApKOCTH B 1055 pa3a.
YITaK, C o6-beKTHBOM ?YpaH-9" M0)KHO (JoTorpa(pIIpOBaTb McTeopbl
100.0.75.10.5) _
Ila + 2.5 Jg ~- 9.0 65.25 - + 1.8 3B. Bea. 6onee c.na6ble, '-IeM c o6b-
eKTHBOM ,HHaYCTap-7".
ECnH rIHCJIO McTe0POB C yMeHbHleHlieM FIX 611eCKa Ha 1 3BC3AHyIO
BeJIM I4Hy'YBenHYHBBeTCA B 2.5 pa3a [7], TO, Boo6Hue rOBOpSI, c o6'beKTH-
BOM ?YpaH-9" MO)KHO .6yAeT (P0Torpaq)HpOBaTb B 4-5 pa3 6onbuie cna-
6bIX McTeopOB, LIeM C o6'beKT14BOM ?HHRYCTap-7".
1. A. M. 6/~a,xapee, Tp. CAO T. III, Bbin. 1 CTP. 73, 1950.
2: B. H. C/BaHUKO8, H3B. OT1,. eCTeCTB. Hayic AH TaawmcKOH CCP Bblll. 14.
CTp. 53, 1956.
3. FOCT 3514-51. (:TeKJ1o onTHyecxoe.
4. B. H. J46w-tuxoe, B10JIJIeTellb CAO M 16, cTp. 3, 1956. -
5. A. H. Ty6opo8c'uzu, Teopna or1T14UecxHx npH6opoB T. II, cTp. 87, AH CCCP,
M-JI 1952.
6. OnTHKa B noeHHOM+ 3ene T. 1, cTp. 126, 301, AH k.CCP, M-JI, 1945.
7. 0. Bamcok, Mextay nnaHeTaMH, cTp. 123, M-A, 1947.
. * B ,nocizedkee epe., n aenzopom. 3KcnepumeHmaAzbko 6buzo kaudeko, 'enzo npedeilbvasz
38e3dkasz eenu'zuka memeopa, npu yznoeou cKopocmu 22?/ceK, g6omozpag5upyeArasz o6aeic-
mueo..u, ?Ypak-9" tia nakxpoAtarnu'zecxoOO nizekue . RblClizeu 'iyecmaumeAbkocnzzz . paeka
0.7. 38. Ben.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
M. 3. MAPKOBII LI
K BOIIPOCY 0 IIOBEPXHOCTHOI4 TEMHEPATYPE
BPAII(AIOIUE1'OC 1 AAPA KOMETbI .
B pa6oTax O. B. ao6pOBOJIbCKOrO [1] H [2] pacCMaTpHBaJlacb TeM-
nepaTypa noBepxHOCTHOro CJIOi aRpa IcoMeTbI npH HOCTOAHHbIX H nepe-
McHHbIX TepMH,-IecKHx Ko9("HuHeHTax 6e3 ytleTa nOTepb Ha nyileicny-
cKaHHe. B HacTOHn eI3 cTaTbe ae.naeTcii nonblTKa onpeaeJIHTb Ten.IoB0i3
pe)KHM HOBepXHOCTHOrO CJIO5 C y4eTOM JIy4eHCnycKaHHa HO 38KOHy CTe-
q)aHa-BOJIbuMaHa.
Cor.nacHO TaK Ha3bIBaeMOII ,JIeAaHOfI" MOJ.[eJIH, npe1IJIO)KeHHOH YHn-
rIJIOM, OCHOBHaH Macca ij(pa KOMeTbI COCTOHT H3 JIbJlOB CH4,i NH3, CO, H2O
H T. A. C npHMeClMH MHOr04HCJIeHHbIX TBepAbIX Tyr0nJIaBKHX 4aCTHu?
I-IpH B03rOHKe JIbAOB, BKpanJleHHble B HHX TBepubie 4aCTHubl, OCeAaioT Ha
nO13epXHOCTb aupa, o6pa3y5l nJIOXO npOBO[anjHll TCHJIO CJIOII nbIJIH, npe-
AOxpaHA)IIuHIt ftipO OT CJIHInKOM'6bICTporo ucnapeHHH. YHnfJl [3], pac-
CMaTpHBaH 3TOT HOBepXHOCTHbIII CJIOIi KaK pbIXJIbIII, rIJIoxo CueMeHTHpOBaH-
HbIII arperaT, npHXOAHT K BbIBO,gy, 4TO nepeHOC COJIHe4HOH 3HeprHH OT
nOBepXHOCTH aRpa x JIeu lHOMy OCHOBBHHIO ocylneCTBJIaeTCa npeHMya e-
CTBeHHO nyTeM paAHaUHH.
OAHaRo 9TO yTBep)KJ1eHHe Ka)KeTCH HaM HeaoCTaTogHO o60CHoBaHHbIM.
B. (D. 4yAHOBCKHI3 [4], paccMaTpHBaIouJ,HIi riepeAa iy Tenna H3JIy4eHHeM
B ) HCnepCHbIX cpeuax, nOKa3bIBaeT, '-ITO pOJIb TenJI006MeHa H3JIy4eHHeM
B B03Ayu1HbIX np0CJI0I1KaX B03paCTaeT H CTaHOBHTCH cyIueCTBeHHOIi JIHIIIb
npH yBeJIHLieHHH pa3Mep0B LIaCTHu H paCCTOHHHII Me)KL y HHMH H npH
AOCTaTOgHO BbICOKOI3 TeMnepaType. BoJIbLulIe paCCTOLHHs Me)KAy 4aCTH-
I.IaMH nOBepXHOCTHoro CJioa MaJio Bepo iTHbI, TaK K8K B 3TOM c iy4ae HOTOK
coJIHe4HOII 3HeprvH 6yAeT HenocpeACTBeHHo naaaTb Ha JIeAaHYIO nonepx-
HOCTb, 4TO npHBeAeT I{ CJIHHIKOM HHTeHCHBHOMY HCnapeHHIO 5IApa.' KpoMe
TO1O, npH pa3Mepe 4aCTHu AO 0.03 CM, npHHHMaeMOM YHHHJIOM,. p0JIb
TeIIJIoo6MeHa H3JIyteHHeM, KaK CJIeAyeT H3 Ta6JIHubI, npHBeAI HHOI-I B [4],
Boo61ue He3Ha4HTeJlbHa. HeH3BeCTHO TaK)Ke i 2) MO)KHO nOJIO)KHTb pa$HbIMH HyJIIO.
O603Ha'HB 3aTeM .
l1) tl) L1) (1) ()
-
? C1 -C1, C2 -C21 C4 -D, COS E,., C3 - - DI sin E1, Cs -D1 C,os Ei,
C4i=Di sin Ei (i > 2) noJIy4HM peiueHHe ypaBBeHHs (1) B BHAe:
32
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
a (x,t)=C,+C2x+e p'xD, in (N, t+P, x-e,)+e p.,x D2 cos (N2 t+P2 x--
- e2) +
rRe
iL i? c~ri C(~)
Di = (C3())' + (C , l )) . tg E1= - tg = "- (i > 2).
J ` C4(1. C3O
C3(il H C4.0) ?npeaeJ1HIOTCH E3 CHCTeM ypaBHeHHI3 THna (18) H (19). B BbI-
pa)KeHHHx .JIA Pi nepea KOpHeM HaRO Bb16paTb 3H3K MHHyC, Talc KaK
B npOTHBHOM cay'iae peiuenne 6yueT HeorpaHIFieHHbIM. fORCTaHOBKa 42,
'13e 'a4 H T. R. B (15), (16) H (17) noxa3bIBaeT, MT0 gos44HI[HeHTbI D2,
D3, D4,... aOJIXK6<
3
11.VI1I
1953
22h50m
12.VI1I
.1953
22h38m
8.VI
1954
21h 8m
8.VIII
1954
21 h50m
11.VIII
1954
22h26m
20.VIII
1954
16h46m
28.VIII
1954
22h50m
N2 N2
nln.
HoMep McTeopa
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
1
Ana Ha6JnoAenH 1 (MHponoe npeMs)
6.X
14.V1
12.VI11
12.VI11
16.X
19.X
. 19.X
19.X
19.X1
1954
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
1955
2
MoMeHT npoJIeTa (MHponoe BpeMa) . . .
20h21m
18h 5m
17h23m
19h51m
15h30m
21h53m
22h19m
22h20-
22h05m
3
MaKcntaJIbHbIIi OTC4eT M4 -2 . . . . . .
130
105
92
140
104
113
150
89
112
4
MaKCnMaJIbHbIN oTCVeT Mc-2 MHHyC (p0H
34
76
19
107
52
72
50
25
22
5
HanpaaneHHe H3MepeHH5] . . . . . . . . .
.OT6>K6<
OT6>K6<
OT6
OT6>K6<
OTb>K6<
0T6
OT6
OT6
OT6>Kb<
6
cIHCJIO 4JoTOMeTpnponaHHblx OTpe3KOH ..
4
9
4
9
12
2
7
3
3
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Heo6xol[HMbie cBeAeHHSI o McTeopax, 6.necK KOTOpbIX npHBeA. H K pac-
CTOfiHH1O 100 KM, npe1[CTaBJIeHbI B Ta6JIHue 1. Pe3yJIbTaTbl onpeAeJleHHn
Op6HT HeKOTOpbIX McTeopOB Ta6JIHubI 1 yxce ony6AHKoBaH 4 [20, 21].
. L1aHHble o McTeopax, paCCTOHHHe AO KOTOpbIX no TeM HJIH HHbIM npH-
4HHaM He onpeAenexo, nPHBeaeHbI B Ta6JiHue 2, rAe cneulanbHO yKa3bI-
BaeTCH HanpaBJIeHHe H3MepeHH51 H 4HCJIO cpOTOMeTPHpOBaBIIIHXCSI OTpe3KOB
CJIeAa McTeopa C TeM, LITO6bI BnoCAeACTBHH MO)KHO 6bino OAHO3HagIHo
OTO)KAeCTBHTb npO()OTOMeTPHPOBaHHbie y4aCTKH cneAa McTeopa Ha Hera-
THBe. He KoppecnoHAHpyIOIuHe McTeopbi npeACTaBJIAK)T HHTepec Aim CTa-
THCTH4ecKoro H3ylIeHHSI npouecca CBegeHHg npl ABH)KeHHH McTeopxoro
BeII(eCTBa B aTMOC(4epe 3eMJIH.
? 2. Cnoco6 onpeAeJIeHHSI 6JIecKa McTeopoB nyTeM npHBH3KH
HX cJIeAOB K CyTO'HbIM cJIeAaM 303A Ha HeraTHBe
H3JIO)KHM COBOKynHOCTb OTAeJIbHbIX 9TanOB pa3pa6oTaHHOro ' HaMH
BapHaHTa-cnoco6a onpeAeaeHHH 3Be3AHbIX BeJIH4HH McTeOpOB nyTeM npH-
B513KH HX CJIeAOB Ha (JOTonJieHlce K CYTOMHbIM cJIeAaM 3Be3A, To-eCTb
cnoco6a IIpeAJio)KeHuoro H. H. CbITHHCK013. OTAeJlbHbie 3Tanb1 Hawero
.MeTOAa 3aKJIIOLIaJIHCb B CJIeAyIOIUeM:
1.' Ha HeraTHBe Co CJIeAOM McTeopa Bb16HpaJIHCb noaxoARnuie no
HHTeHCHBHOCTH cJIeabI 3Be3A C TaKHM paC4eTOM, 4TO6bI OXBaTHTb HHTeH-
CHBHOCTb OTAeJlbHbIX y4aCTKOB CJieAa McTeopa. Aim 60Jlbule%I onpeAeJleH-
HOCTH H yao6CTBa B Haxo)KAeHHH HX 3eHHTHbIX paCCTOHHHI3, oTMegaJIHCb
y4aCTKH Ha c.ieAax 3Be3A, KOTOpbie o6pa3OBaJIHCb B MOMeHT npOJleTa
McTeopa. CJie, McTeopa, a 3aTeM Bb16paHHbie y4aCTKH c.neAOB 3Be3A npo-
MepHJIHCb Ha MHKPO4 OTOMeTpe M(D-2.
2. 3KBaTOpHaJlbHble KOOpAHHaTbI Bb16paHHbIX 3Be3A HBXOAHJIHCb H3.
KaTaJiora PD, a cneKTpaJIbHbie KJIaCCbI H3 KaTaJiora RHP. YA06CTBO nOJIb-
3oBaHH5I 3THMH KaTaJIOraMH COCTOHT B TOM, 4TO OHH coaep)KaT 3Be3AbI AO
6,5 3B. BeJI., T. e. Te 3Be3AbI, KOTOpble B COCTOSIHHH OCTaBHTb CYTO'Hbie
CJIe,abi Ha ccOTOnJ1eHKe.
3. 3eHHTHbie paCCTOHHH51 3Be3A HaXOAHJIHCb C nOMOnjbIO CneUHaJIbHbIX
Ta6JIHu, COCTaBJIeHHbIX AJISI CAO. IlonpaBKa 3a npHBeAeHHe 3Be3AHbIX Be-
JIH4HH 3Be3A K 3eHHTY HaxoAH.naCb no ccopMy.ie
p M= -2.5 (Mz-1) lg P, rue
P-KO3c1J JHuHeHT np03p34HOCTH aTMOc4)epbl, Mz-BO3AYIUHaSi Mac-
ca. CneuHaJIbHO KO3q4HuHeHT nP03pa'IHOCTH BO BPeMSI Ha6JIIoaeHH13 Ha
CAO He OnpeAeJic1JICH, n03TOMy HcnoJIb3oBanocb ero cpeAHee 3Ha'eHHe
P=0.76 [15].
4. Y4eT oulH6KH noJIH (npHBeAeHHe ic ueHTpy) npOH3BOAHJICH Ha
OCHOBe 3KCnepHMeHTaJibHbIIX HccJIeAOBaHHYi [16], pe3yJlbTaTbl KOTOPbIX
npeACTaBJ1eHbI B Ta6JIHue 3, rAe p m-oiuH6Ka nonx, Bblpa)KeHHBSI B 3Be3A-
HbIX Be.IHtIHHax, .l-paCCTOHHHe OT ueHTpa nOJIH B MM.
Tu6izut4a 3.
1
10
12, 5
15, 0
17, 5
20, 0
22, 5
25, 0
27, . 5
30, 0
32, 5
35, 0
37, 5
40, 0
Am
0,02
0,02
0,07
0,11
0,15
0,19
0,24
0,30,
0,35
0,40
0,47
0,50
0,55
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
5. IIonpaBKa npHBeAeHHI 6JI.ecKa 3Be3A K 9KBaTOpy_,H LLeHTpy nOJIH
o6'beKTHBa HaxoAHJlacb HO 4JOpMyJIe:
pm = -2.5 lg cos
rAe
cos
a - yrJiosoe pacCT051HHe 3Be3AbI OT ueHTpa noJlcI
o'- cKJloxeHHe 3Be3AbI.
6. IlepeXOA OT'BH3yaJlbHOI3 CHCTeMbI BeJIHLIHH 3Be3A K CHCTeMe CneK-
TpaJIbHOFI IqyBCTBHTeJIbHOCTH (pOTOIIJIeHKH fPOH3BOAHJIC51 C HOMOIILb}O ?naH-
XPOMaT.HtIeCKHX" nOKa3aTeJieIi UBeTa, KOTOpble AJISI 3Be3A THna FO-F5 H
F8-1x e q)OTOHJIeHKe, 4TO H HCnOJ1b3OBaHHa5I HaMH, BeJIaCb cnoco6oM
H. H. CbIT14HCK013 [4] C TeM OTJIH1HeM, TO BbI4JITaJIC5I CkOH. HeraTHBa
npH ii3MepeHM51X Ha MHKpOCtOTOMeTpe. JUjiR yAO6CTBa MbI 6yaeM cono-
CTaBJISITb OT,ueJIbHble 3Tanbl c)oTOMeTpH4ecKOII o6pa6oTKH H 6yaeM Haxo-
JU1Tb cpeAHHe OTKJIOHeHHSI, KOTOpble npH BTOM B03HMKHyT, C'HTa r, 4TO
Haul BapHaHT cnoco6a, H. H. Cb1THHCKOI3 npaBHJIeH.
LIJISI nOCTpOeHHSI XapaKTepHCTH4eCKO13 KpMBOII no CyT04HbIM Cne))aM
3Be3A HCnOJlb3OBaJIHCb 4cOTorpaccH4ecKHe BeJIH4HHbI 3Be3j[ H3 KaTa. ora
HD. 1lpH 3TOM BbI6HpaJIHCb 3Be3AbI CneKTp8JIbHBIX KnaccoB B0-G5. HaH-
60JIbnlHLi nOKa3aTeJIb uBeTa, HcnOJIb3oBaHHbIcI JI. A. KaTaCeBbIM, paBeH
-f- 0.78 [9, 22], B TO BpeM I, KaK y [16] AJisi 3Be3A G5 nonpaBKa K Bi4-
3yaJlbHbIM BeJIHgHHaM paBHa ;- 0.35. OTCioaa caeayeT, 4TO HaH6onbulee
OTKnoHeHHe, 06ycnOBneHHOe pa3nl4HeM B HCHOnb3oBaHHbIB. nOKa3aTeJ1IX
uBeTa, COCTaBJ1 IeT-0.43 3B. Ben. Y4HTbIBa5I, 4T0 JIJIH C])OTOMeTpHH HCnOJIb-
3oBaJIHCb 3Be3j[bI pa3JIHIHbIX cnel,o 0.4.
Ilpoueaypa ,,HcripaBjieHHH" 6necKa MeTeopa, onHcaHHaH HaMH, He
Mo)KeT 6bITb pacnpOCTpaHeHa Ha BCe T1dnbI 4J0TO9MyJIbCHH, Ha KOTOpbIX.
6b1n nony'eH MaTepHan ao 1952 r., H6o cBONCTBa (4OTOCJIOeB MOryT CHnbHO
pa3nw'aTbC51 H HOnpaBKa 3a HeBbInOJIHeHHe. B3aHMO3aMeCTHMOCTH Mo)KeT
nepeMeHIITb 3HaK 12].
B CB513H C BBOAHMbIMH nonpaBKaMH, yTO'HH}OLgHMH 6neCK McTeopOB,
HHTepeCHO 3HaTb, HaCKOJIbKO 8TH nOnpaBKH H3Me1.1 HoT OnpeAencieMble Maccy
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
McTeopa H IJIOTHOCTb BepxHHx cJI02B aTMoc(lepbl. CorJIaCHO (JH3HUecKoi
TeopHH McTeopoB, Macca McTeopaoro Teiia (M) nponopuHOHa.nbxa nepaoi
CTeneHH ero cyMMapHOI3 HHTeHCHBHOCTH /, a onpeAe.1IfleMaT rJIOTHOCTb
aTMoc()epbl-CTeneHH 1/3.
flyCTb M1, M2i P1, P2, onpeaeJI2HHble H HCnpaBJleHHble MaccbI McTeopa
H HJIOTHOCTH aTMocckepbl COOTBeTCTBeHHO.
Tor,aa 6y.neM HMeTb:
M, nil- m2 An] Pi ] In - m,, 0 nl
Ig lvM2 = - 2.5 = 2.5 ; lg P2 - 3 /
- 2.5 / - 7.5 rAe D m- no-
2.5 K HaI3j[eHHOfl 3Be3AHOH BeJIHgHHe McTeopa npH m = 2,0 3B. Bea.
M2 = 6.4; P, = 1.8.
TaKHM o6pa3oM, eCJIH 6JIeCK McTeopa 6bIJI 3aBbIIHIeH Ha 2 3B. BeJI.,
TO BbITIHCJIeHHble Maccbl McTe0 OB H 1JIOTHOCTH aTMoc(pepbl 60JIbuJe HCTHH-
HbIX B 6.4 H B 1.8 pa3a COOTBeTCTBeHHO.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
I-JIABA II.
YCTAHOBKA ,HCKYCCTBEHHblE METEOPbI".
? 1. BBOJLHble 3amegaHH 1.
OCHOBHOH HeAOCTaTOK cnoco6a npHB23KH c.neAOB McTeOpOB K CyTO'-I-
HbIM CJIeAaM 3Be3J[ Ha HeraTHBe COCTOHT B TOM, 'ITO Heo6xoAHMO BHOCHTb
norlpaaRy 3a OTKJIOHeHHe OT npHMeH IeMorO 3aKOHa B3aMMO3aMeCTnMOCTH.
B pa6oTe [2] yKa3blBaeTC51 Ha He06XOAHMOCTb KOHCTPYHPOBaHH51 CneuHaJIb-
HbIX yCTaHOBOK AJIH onpeAenneHHH 3TOI3 nonpaBKH. HaKAeHo [2], WO Ta-
KaH nonpaBKa Ae'CTBHTeJIbHO cyILjeCTByeT nop5ian 1 3Be3AHOI3 BeJIH'IHHbI,
OA.HaKo, OHa He nOCTOSIHHa, 3aBHCHT OT yCJIOBHI3 npOSIBJIeHH51 CHHMKQB
McTeOpOB, HHTeHCHBHOCTH cneAa McTeopa H o6Hapy)KeHo TanKe n.inriHHe
Ha Het (pOHa He6a. BcJ1eACTBHe 9TOro, AJIH Haj.[e1KHoro onpeAeJleHH 16necica
McTeopa Heo6XOAHMO HCKJIIO'IHTb npHMeHeHHe 3TOI3 nonpaBKH HYT2M 4 o-
TOMeTpH'IecKOII npHB513KH CJIeAOB McTeOpOB K CJIeAaM HCKyCCTBeHHbIX Me-
TCOpOB Ha TOM )Ke HeraTHBe. IIOBTOMy Hy)KHO HMeTb HOCTO$IHHO AeI3CTByK)-
MYIO yCTaHOBKy ?HCKYCCTBeHHb1e McTeopbl".
OnbIT pa60TbI C yCTaHOBKOI3 [2] BbISIBHJI cneAyiou1He He2[OCTaTKH ee
KOHCTpyKL[HH:
1. CJ1eAbl HCKyCCTBeHHbIX McTeOpOB 6bIJIH HeAOCTaTO11HO HHTeHCHBHbI,
a Ao6aBJIeHHe HOBbIX JIaMn orpaHH'IHBaJIOCb MOUZHOCTbIO TpaHC(pOpMaTopa.
2.' OXJIa)Kj[eHHe 4JOTOMeTpM'IeCKOI'O SInjHKa c fOMOll bIO BeHTHJISITOpa
6bIJIO HeAOCTaTO'IHbIM.
3. HeyAo6HOi3 OKa3aJIaCb KOHCTPYKL[HH Bpau eHHH AHCKa C OTBep-
CTHSIMH, nyT2M peMeHHOI3 nepeAa'IH MOTOp-AHCK.
4. I oKpaCKa BHyTpeHHe1I HOBepXHOCTH (JOTOMeTpH'IeCKOTO gmHKa
C Te'IeHHeM BpeMeHH nOpTHTCSI, nO9TOMy McHHeTCH OTpa)KaTeJIbHaH Cno-
CO6HOCTb erO CTeHOK.
H3JI0)KeHHble HeAOCTaTKH 6bIJIH TepnHMbI npH He60JIbIUOR npoAOJI)KH-
TeJIbHOCTH pa60TbI yCTaHOBKH, aOCTaTO'IHOII AJIH peineHHR 3ajia'I, KOTOpble
6bIJIH nepeA Heft noCTaBJieHbI. I1pH' KOHCTPYHpOBaHHH )Ke HOBOII, nOCTOSIHHO
AeiiCTByIoLljeH yCTaHOBKH 9TH HeAOCTaTKH' 6bIJIH HCKJIIo'IeHbI.
? 2. OnHCaHHe HOBOIl.=yCTaHOBKH.
061U HR BHA CKOHCTpyHpOBaHHOI3 HaMH;?HOBOH yCTaHOBKH npeuCTaB-
JIeH Ha pHc. 1. OCHOBHyIO ?Iacm-yCT4HOBKH npeacTaBJIaeT 4)OTOMeTpH'Ie-
CKH13 HIIjHK, BbICOTa KOTOpOro 40 CM. CXeMaTHtIeCKHI3 BI4J[ ero csepxy
npeACTaBJIeH Ha pHc. 2, pa3MepbI' aaHbI :B; CM.
3ajw i i m 60KOBbie CTeHOH Hu nKa-AB013Hb1e m o6pa3yIOT pe3epByap,,
KOTOpbIi 3anoJIHeH BMyJIbCOJIOM (Cneu aJIbHbIII pa36aBJIeHHbII3 BOAOI pa-
CTBOp, He nOABepraIOnjHH KOpp03HH )KeJIe3o). (POTOMeTpH'IeCKHI-i 5111jHK
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
PHc 1. 061(H}4 BH.R yCTaHOBKH IHCKyccTBelHbie HeTeopw".
1--KOpIIyC 4)OTOMeTpHVeCKOI'0 AIHHKa; 2-JIaMHhI HBKaJIHBaHNA; 3-(~OTOMeTpH4eCKH11 OC-
.'Ia6HTeJib c HOJlocKaMH aim CO3AaHHft BCHbImeK; /-AHCK;' 5-OTBCpCTHA B AHCKC (HCKyC-
CTBeHHhIe McTeOpbl); 6-KOHTaKTHbIrI npepblBaTeJIb AJIB HOAC4eTa 4HCJIa o60pOTOB AHCKa;
7-4)pHKIIHOHHa5i nepeAaga OT MOTOpa Aim ~BpaIHeHHB AHCKa; 8-BelITlI lgTOp; 9-pa3pe3
6BKOBOA CTeHKH C OXawKaaloeteri )KHAKOCTbIO.
I4MeeT BOAOMepHOe cTeKJIO H rKpaxbl ILJIH 3anOJIHeHH51 H cnycKa oxiia]K-
.galbuzei3 ?KHAKOCTH. 'BHyTpeHHHe CTeHKH C4OTOMeTpH4eCKOFO ILgHKa c,e-
JIaHbI--H3 6e.ioH }KeCTH, XOpOWO OTpaxcalomeH cBeT. PaAHyc KPHBH3HbI
3a,1(HeI3 CTeHKH noAo6paH TaKHM o6pa3OM, L!TO6b1 oTpa}KeHHble OT CTeHOK
JIygH JIaMn HaKaJIHBaHHsI 6o.iee HJIH MeHee paBHOMepHO ocseugaiiH ycTa-
HOBJIeHHoe HanpOTHB MaTOBOe CTeKJIO (OKHO), 3a KOTOpbJM HaxoJ HTCH
(poTOMeTpHT-IecKH13 ocJIa6HTeJIb. OKOJIO 3aAHeII CTeHKH B TPH pHAa pacnoJio-
16
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
)KeHbI KHHOnpOeKw1OHHble JlaMnbl. O6mai M'OIIJHOCTb 3JIeKTpH4ecKOI3 3Hep-
rHH, fOTpe6JIHeMOK JlaMnaMH, COCTaBJIHeT 010110 8 KBT. Heo6xoJHMoe Ha-
ri DKeHHe AJIH IHTaHHH OjH013 KHHOnp0eKIUHOHHOI3 JIaMnbI COCTaBJIHeT 30 8,
TaK 4TO aJIH B03MO)KHOCTH nHTaH.HH HX OT ropo1 cK0I3 3JIeKTpoCeTH Ha-
npH)xeHHeM B 220 B Heo6xOAHMo 6bJJIO CoeAHHHTb 7 J1aMn nocne11oBa-
TeJIbHO, a Ka)c.2u TaKOI-I pHa napan-
JIeJIbHO. 3JIeKTpH4eCKaH CXeMa nH-
- 6S
TaHH yCTaHOBKH npeACTaBJIeHa Ha
pHc. 3. BO Bcex OIIbITax MbI, BO H3- - - -
6e)KaHHe 6bICTporo H3HOCa ? JIaMn,
nOJl BaJIH Hanp5I)KeHHe 200 BOJIbT ? ? ? ? Q
BMecTO 210; 20 BOJIbT naaano Ha = ??? ?
peocTaTe,, KOTOpbIM o6ecne'IHBaJIOCb _ ???(S) ??~
rIOCTOSIHCTBO pe)KHMa nHTaHHH .naMn.
OCHOBHaH 3HeprHSI TenJloBoro
H3J1y4eHH51 :Rahn mJIa Ha HarpeBaHHe
oxJIaxcAaloujeH )KHAKOCTH B. CTeHKaX - -
5I HKa. OAHaxo, 3TOFO 6b1110 Heao-
CTaT04Ho. Haui OBbIT [21 nOKa3aJl,
4TO eCJIH He nOABepraTb B03AyUlHOMy =
OXJIa)KaeHHlO KOJ16b1 JIaMH H He o6Ay- 30
BaTb MBTOBOe CTeKJIO H (i)OTOrpaq)H- .
'IecRHFI ocJIa6HTeJ1b, TO OHH JlonaIOT- PHc. 2. (1)OTOMeTpH4eCKHH MARK
CSI. H03TOMy CHH3Y B (j)OTOMeTpH4e- . (BHA CBepxy).
1-MaTOBOe CTeKno; 2-41OToMeTpH4eCKn! ocna-
CKHI3 S1LUHK BeHTHJIHTOpOM HarHeTaeT- 6HTenb; 3-JlaMnbI HaxannaaHna.
CSI B03AyX, KOTOpbIFI o6TeKaeT JIaMnbl
If MaTOBOe CTeKJIO C (4OTorpa4 H4ecKHM OCJIa6HTeJIeM, yHOCH C Co6oii
TenJIO Hapy)cy.
Oxna)1KY HXCH OTBepCTHrI B uHCKe OKOJIO I MM. ECJIH
npH paC*IeTaX HOJlb3OBaTbC51 3aKOHaMH reoMeTpH4ecKOri H1[eaJ[bHOI-i OnTHKH,
TO oKamceTCH, 'ITO Ha (pOTOCJIoe 3TO H3o6paxceHHe OTBepCTHH 6y.ieT HMeTb
nonepe'IHHK OKoao 0.03 MM. PaccMOTpeHHe H3o6pa>KeHHfl HCKyCCTBeHHbIX
McTeopOB' nolca3blBaeT CXOACTBO HX H3o6pa>KeHH1i C H3o6pafceHHHMH HCTHH-
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
HbIx McTeOpOB, a 3TO OIHO 133 rJIABHUIX Tpe60BaHHII ? IIpeA'bcIBnReMbIX
K ycTaHOBKe..
PaCtIIT yriioa ix CKOpOCTeri HCKyCCTBeHHb1X meTeoPOB npOH3BOUHTC$1
no cpopMyJie
r
wnt = wo rae
co?--yrnoBani CKOpOCTb BpauZeHHR AHCKa
r -paCCTOSIHHe OTBepcTHSI OT OCH BpBUi HHH
p -paCCTOHHHe (4OTOKaMepbI ao AHcKa
B ?HaiueM cnyTlae p=360 CM w?=1 o6/ceK, H09TOMy wM -r?Icei< H1H
wM =5, 13.5, 21.5, 28.5?/ceK, T. e. 3a OAHH o6opoT AHcKa MbI nony'laeM
peanbHbNII HHTepBaJI yrnOBbIX CKOpOCTefI McTeOpOB, Talc TITO B 3TOM OTHO-
uIeHHH J.[OCTOHHCTBO yCTaHOBKH He Bb13bIBaeT COMHeHHII.
3a TOT )Ke OAHH 06opOT JZHCKa nonyqaeTCSi ulKana HHTeHCHBHOCTeH
B npeAeiiax 5-6 3B23,JHbIX BeiiHT4HH B pe3ynbTaTe rlPOXO)KAeHHR oTBep-
CTHIi HaJ nOBepXHOCTbIO nepeMeHH013 51PKOCTH (ocna6HTeaeM). KaacAbill
HCKyCCTBeHHblII McTeop, HMI HeKOTOpy1O IOCTORHHyIO yrnOBy1O CKOpOCTb,
HenpepbJBHO McHReT CBOrI 6neCK. KpOMe Toro, Ha cneae McTeopa C03AaHbI
?BCHbIIIIKH", KOTOpbie n03BOJI5IOT (JOTOMeTPHPOBaTb BCnbIIIIKH peanbHblX
McTeOpOB, T-ITO npeACTaBnfteT 60nbInOR HHTePeC B oTHOHieHHH BbIHCHeHIIR
npHpOAbi BcnbllueK.
TaKHM o6pa3OM, 3a OAHIi 06opOT AHCKa MbI nonyTiaeM HY)KHylo HaM
IuKany yrJIOBbIX CKOPOCTeII H HHTeHCHBHOCTerI Ha CpaBHHTenbHO He6onb-
IuOM ytiaCTKe HeraTHBa (1 CMX1 CM.) B 3TOM OTHOHIeHHH yCTaHOBKa yAOBne-
TBOp5IeT Tpe60BaHHRM (pOTorpa4)HTIeCKOI3 (JOTOMeTpHH McTeopOB.
I4Mef Taxoro poAa yCTaHOBKy, MO)KHO nerKO nOJIYTIHTb npeAeJlbHyio
3Be3AHYIO BeJH'HHy McTeopa, ckOTOrpa(JHpyeMOro TeM HJIH HHbIM o6,beKTH
BOM, T. e. CpaBHHTb 344eKTHBHOCTb o6'beKTHBOB H Bb16paTb HaH60nee
IlouxoARUZHII AaR uenell 4 oTorpacpxpOBaHHR meTeopoB. Taicoro poAa pe-
3ynbTaTbl 6yJLyT npeACTaBJIHTb 60nbulylO ueHHOCTb, TIeM'OTHOCHTeJIbHOe
conOCTaBneHHe s4J4JeKTHBHOCTH o6%eKTHBOB TeopeTHTIecKHM nyTeM [231.
YCTaHOBKa r103BOJIHT HaH60nee TOTIHO onpeAenHTb 6neCK McTeopa.
14CHOnb3yR BTH pe3yJlbTaTbl, MO)KHO nOABeprHyTb nposepdce 3HatIeHHe
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PelueHHe 3THX Ba)KHbIX Rajaq RBJIReTCH AeJIOM AanbHefilUHX HCCJIe-
AOBaHHI3.
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
rJIABA ^I.
HCHOJIb3OBAHNIE YCTAHOBKH ,HCKYCCTBEHHbIE METEOPbI'"
AJISI 4 OTOMETPI4H METEOPOB
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Bne'IaTbIBajlHCb CTaHAapTbl 'iepe3 OnpeaeJIeHHble' npOMe)KyTKH BpeMeim OT
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OTC'IeTb1 MHKpO(JOTOMeTpa (q)OH BbI'IHTaJIC51), a no OCH a6cuHCC 3Be3AHble
Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 . Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
LITO
BHe
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(HCKYCCTBeHHble McTeopbl) He COBHa/aeT C MOMeHTOM IPOneTa McTeOpa.
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
McTeopa K cnejiy HCICycCTBeHHOro McTeopa ? Mbu, B CyIILHOCTH, AenaeM ne-
pexoA OT OL.IHOH xapaKTepHCTHUeCKoH KpHBOI K Apyr?oH, TO-.eCTb - Anil
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Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
 Approved For Release 2010/04/07: CIA-RDP80T00246AO45700380001-3
Ta6nu ?a 4.
Na Me-r. I
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
U,f
~ht
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1 0.36
0.30
0.28
0.22
0.12
0.18
0.10
0.58
0.20
0.06
0.04
0.14
0.08
0.12
0.12
0.10
0.10
0.10
0.06
0.40
0.40
Ne MeT.
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
pK t
pK f
0.20
0.14
0.32
0.24
0.04
0.01
0.16
0.08
0.12
0.03
0.12
0.02
0.26
0.10
0.18
0.10
0.38
0.16
0.30
0.14
0.14
0.02
N2 MeT.
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
~K
0.18
0.08
0.10
0.08
0.05
0.10
0.08
0.10
0.01
0.12
0.05
0.10
Ne MeT.
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
Q t
0.46
0.22
0.42
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0.08
0.02
0.18
0.12
0.06
0.04
0.10 0.10
0.04 0.04
0.24
0.05
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