BOLSHEVIK MACHINE BUILDING FACTORY IN KIEY: (PRODUCED MILITARY MACHINE; INFO OF VARIOUS SHOPS, INCLUDING SKETCHES, SECURITY, MAN POWER & PRODUCTION)

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP80T00246A046300240001-1
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
C
Document Page Count: 
9
Document Creation Date: 
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date: 
June 30, 2010
Sequence Number: 
1
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
January 5, 1959
Content Type: 
REPORT
File: 
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PDF icon CIA-RDP80T00246A046300240001-1.pdf484.65 KB
Body: 
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246A046300240001-1 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title 18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person Is prohibited by law. COUNTRY USSR (Ukrai nia n SSR) SUBJECT Bolsh evik M ach ine Buildi ng DATE DISTR. 5 January 1959 Facto ry in I ie v.: (p*_p L kU } ft y V NO. NO. PAGES 1 40 V QSI*-0CWo N^t. ~ ~ ~~ _ S REFERENCES DATE OF INFO. PLACE & DATE ACQ. the Bolshevik Mac.line iuildinar Factory in Kiev p r, sa e y pre- cautions and necurity meastres; the number of employees, working condition F and plant officials; and a, shop controlled exclusively by the mili- tary where explosives " "believed to be gunpowder, were unloaded. latio:zs; and information on plant location, buildings, raw ymate materials and s their storage, production methods, finished products including type, quantity, packaging, and shipping; the water supply and electric owe f t p o a city plan of Kiev showing the location of the facto e repor con- -4 ' ~ ~~ ~ e p '.n with a. legend listing 20 installations; an overla;r of the art f ~ 25X1 25X1 the total number of employees in the dimensions of the foundry bu ng were 55 x 5 x 7 meters. STATE X fARMY }[NAVY Ix IAIR ] SI (Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field diistribution by "#".) AEC EA 0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246A046300240001-1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 / t7ae,4, u t General Desarintion 1. The Bolshevik Machine Building Plant, located in Kiev, Oktyabraskiy rayon, near Pushkin Park, was bounded by Brest-Litovskoye shosse on the north, Pervomaiskaya ulitsa on the east, railroad tracks on the west, and Daohnaya ulitea o uth. On page 7 In an overlay, showing the plant's location. 25X1 the plant was subs? ate to the Ministry of Defense. The plant man no ured military aatextel primarily. T re was a "seor " aho 4 controlled exclusively by the sdlitsry where explosives,, be- lieved to be gunpowder, were osutiessly unloaded. All products manufactured 25X1 in the bronze section of the towidn were deartined for the Nay and most of the products manufactured in the other shops were either for military or agrioul l use. The plant employed approximately 5,000, half of whom were specialists. 2. The plant area, which was almost square in shape, was surrounded by a wall, part wood and part rubblework, which was approximately two and one-half meters high and had a 2,504 meter perimeter. The buildings were constructed before the Revolution and it was said that they had been occupied by Germans prior to that time. There were two front entrances, one for personnel and one for vehicles; both were on Perwomaiskaya ulitsa. Two rear exit!` connects with the rail siding which served the plant. New constructions were in prof green between the laboratory, the xa*kWw and fitting shop, and the secret shop. On page 8 is 41gh, showing the layout of the pleat and the new oonstructon ng is a list of the shove on page -tF 1 Steel shop 2 Garage 3 Blacksmith shop and forge 4 Foundry (iron and bronze) 5 Electric shop 6 Secret shop which also contained electric transformers 7 Compression shop 8 Tool shop 9 Offices, contained in a three-story building of recent construction 10 Laboratory 11 Sheet metal shop 12 Machine and fitting shod 13 Carpentry and model shop 14 Boiler room 15 Transformers 16 Gardens- 17 Building under construction 18 Clock tower 19 Entrances 20 Dumps for scrap, coal, and sand 25X1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 The numbers in parentheses refer to those on a sketch Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246A046300240001-1 -3- Foundry The foundry produced iron and bronze. It employed between 29560 and 3,000 in three shifts. The foundry was a fireproof one-story rectangular brick building with sheet-metal roof, about 200 0 x 15 meters. Part of second stor containing offices. Many Efferent Prod were manufactured in the foundry. Qne was a large cast-iron boiler, 2. ameter, about four meters deep, weighing 15 tons, with thick walls believed to be more than two centimeters thick, grayish black in color, a spherical or arched bottom, and four handles around the lip which were raised by a crane. Two boilers were produced daily. Other heavy parts of various shapes were also manufactured here, including slugs of great thickness. 4. In the bronze section of the foundry many parts made of different alloys were manufactured, the most important ones being tubing, valves, wheels, axles, and various types of gears. Almost all the materiel produced in the bronze section was under the control of the Navy which frequently sent committees to inspect and test the products. 5? The boilers and most of the materials manufactured in the foundry were trans- ported by rail to other parts of the USSR and the production of the bronze section was sent to unknown ports. 6. The foundry contained the following installations, of 7od quality and in good condition; some was n of German and Soviet 25X1 make. 2 gas furnaces 2 cast-iron gas furnaces 2 electric furnaces I kneading machines which was used to make sand and mortar 25X1 7 bridge cranes, with capacities of 10, 15, and 25 metric tons small mobile cranes, number not specified 7. In addition to the bronze section, the foundry contained a lathe shop and three bays. The seoond story portion contained offices of the chief engineer, draftsmen, and control and statistics sections as well as a dining room, social lounge, infirmary, models storage, and a small mixing and alloy section." See sketch on page 9, giving a breakdown of the foundry and 25X1 Raw Materials 8. The raw materials brought to the plant were coal, iron, scrap-iron, copper, brass, lead, nickel, aluminum, sand, limestone, slag, wood, mineral oil, gasoline, lead oxide, white lead, copper oxide, gunpowder, and ryas. Most were transported by rail The foundry used the sand, limestone, and slag; the wood was used for making models and for packing. A supply of some raw materials, mainly scrap-iron and coal, was kept on hand in the plant but there were no reserve stocks. Water Supply 9? no general water reservoirs in the plant; there were a few small ones in various shops such as the forge and steel and iron foundries which were adequate for their own needs but not for general use. _]no water pumps; the water pipes were underground and water was iurn shed by the city. C-O-N-F-I D F,_N_T_r_a_L Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 -4- 25X1 Sources of Energy 10. The city provided the plant with electricity. Transformers supplying adequate electric power were located in a small shop to the rear of the plant. The electric cranes operated on 380 kilowatts, the plant's power- house on 130 kilowatts, and the electric furnaces on more than 1,500 kilowatt: warnings of danger of death were posted 11. A tall brick smokestack was located next to the carpentry shop and the foundry had at least two metal smokestacks about six meters high. Production Volume 12. In addition to the fact that the iron foundry produced two large boilers daily other items were manufactured in large quanti- 25X1 ties. the production vo ume was exceedingly highp considering the fact that the work was dangerous. The workers complained about the high production norms and on several occasions complained to the unions and to the director but no- thing was done about this until 1956 when the norms were reduced. 25X1 Production Methods 13. scrap-iron was placed in furnaces ana when met , was pu ly prepared with a mixture of sand,' dirt, .and dregs. After various operations, the products, including the large boilers described in paragraph 3 above, were sent to other shops, usually one equipped with lathes. Raw materials were submitted to high tem- peratures. In the bronze section the material was placed in hermetically sealed electric furnaces and submitted to a pressure of centrifugal force. The mixture was turned over and over by means of a mechanical device and cylindrical parts emerged, made of bronze or a similar alloy and weighing about 250 kilograms. These parts were one of the items most thoroughly checked by the naval inspectors. The operation was dangerous and at least twice, between 1950 and 1952, the boilers exploded durin the melting prooess~ causing some victims among the workerse metal was - 25X1 Pied in the bronze section Transport was done by means o cranes and electric oars; small parts were carried by hand. the electric furnaces were operated 25X1 by pushing buttons ao on a near able where measuring apparatus was installed the furnaces were automatic. 25X1 Paokin 14. The finished products were packed in wood. When Navy representatives came to load material from the bronze shop, they brought packing materials with them or had them made under their supervision. Great oars was taken in operating the cranes when handling heavy pieces, and materials were solidly packed and well centered on the railway platforms. Some items were given a coat of protective paint. 15. Most of the raw materials and finished products were transported by rail. Two railroad sidings entered the rear of the plant and were connected with the main line in Kiev. One of these sidings entered the plant at the north and serviced the steel and iron shops; the other entered through the south and served the carpentry and machine and fitting shops. Tracks were of Soviet broad gauge. Loading was done by cranes and the products were trans- ported through the side entrance in closed railroad oars. These cars were Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80TO -5- mostly wooden with two axles; the locomotives were also small and old. Three or four trains loaded with iron, scrap-iron, coal, and limestone came daily to the iron foundry. Each train consisted of four or five oars and each car carried about 20 tons. Iron arrived in blocks weighing approximately 500 kilograms. 16. Small trucks, and sometimes wagons, were used for transport with less fre- quency than the railroad. The Brest-Litovskoye shosse which led to the plant was a 20-meter-wide concrete road with good drainage, open to traffic at all times. In the plant's vicinity was a parking area, next to the steel shop, and there was a small shop for repair and lubrication of vehicles. From 30 to 40 three-ton Soviet-made trucks, sand and sawdust, came daily to the foundry 25X1 Storage and Safety Precautions 17. Materials were stored throughout various parts of the plant; some, such as scrap-iron, lumber, and coal, were stored under sheds. Dirt and sand were kept outdoors and other sensitive materials, such as copper, nickel, bronze, and aluminum, were stored in small quantities in each of the storage rooms in the shops. Some materials were kept near the railroad tracks which served the plant. Inflammable material was usually kept outside. The plant, had reserve firemen who drilled occasionally. Boxes of sand, fire extingui- shers, and water hydrants were located throughout the plant. Sec nits 18. Guards were posted at the entrance and railroad gates. Also, there was a constant guard within the area and around the secret shop. The guards be- longed to the Okhrana, not further identified; there were approximate 40, both men and women, working in three shifts. The conventional pro-pus k was required for admittance to the plant; there was no difficulty in visiting any place within the plant except the secret shop. Wo Schedule and Working Conditions 19? The normal work schedule was an eight-hour day.. Mondays through Fridays, six hours on Saturdays, and three shifts. Sund s official d 25X1 vacations were observed. the morning shirty employing approximately 1,000, consisted of 25X1 p,~~, eight hours; the afternoon shift, employing about NUM, consisted of seven and one-half hours; and the night shift, employing about 600, consisted of seven and one-half hours, also. 20. There were no strikes. Complaints were made occasionally, both because of the high production norms and the low wages. Employees doing special work or missions received preferential treatment. Plant Personnel a. Kornyenko (fnu), plant's director, 0246AO46300240001-1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 -6- Svestyenik? (fnu), engineer specialising in cranes C-0-N-F-I-D-E-N-'1;-I-A-L Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246A046300240001-1 C-O-N-P-I-D?E-N-T-I-A.L CA Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246A046300240001-1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 Pierya?aiakaya uLttsa I I 0~%c Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1 ti I ul N M co C N U r-1 r 00 LA%D tic~ . ? .4 N rL* 25X1 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/06/30: CIA-RDP80T00246AO46300240001-1