BOLSHEVIK MACHINE BUILDING FACTORY IN KIEY: (PRODUCED MILITARY MACHINE; INFO OF VARIOUS SHOPS, INCLUDING SKETCHES, SECURITY, MAN POWER & PRODUCTION)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A046300240001-1
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 30, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: January 5, 1959
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person Is prohibited by law.
COUNTRY
USSR
(Ukrai
nia
n SSR)
SUBJECT
Bolsh
evik M
ach
ine Buildi
ng DATE DISTR. 5 January 1959
Facto
ry in
I ie
v.: (p*_p L
kU } ft y
V
NO.
NO. PAGES 1
40
V QSI*-0CWo
N^t.
~
~ ~~
_ S REFERENCES
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
the Bolshevik Mac.line iuildinar Factory in Kiev
p
r, sa
e
y pre-
cautions and necurity meastres; the number of employees, working condition F
and plant officials; and a, shop controlled exclusively by the mili-
tary where explosives
" "believed to be gunpowder, were unloaded.
latio:zs; and information on plant location, buildings, raw ymate materials and s their
storage, production methods, finished products including type, quantity,
packaging, and shipping; the water supply and electric
owe
f
t
p
o
a city plan of Kiev showing the location of the facto
e repor con- -4
' ~ ~~ ~ e p '.n with a. legend listing 20 installations; an
overla;r of the
art
f
~
25X1
25X1
the total number of employees in
the dimensions of the foundry bu ng were 55 x 5 x 7 meters.
STATE X fARMY }[NAVY
Ix IAIR
] SI
(Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field diistribution by "#".)
AEC
EA
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/ t7ae,4, u t
General Desarintion
1. The Bolshevik Machine Building Plant, located in Kiev, Oktyabraskiy rayon,
near Pushkin Park, was bounded by Brest-Litovskoye shosse on the north,
Pervomaiskaya ulitsa on the east, railroad tracks on the west, and Daohnaya
ulitea o uth. On page 7 In an overlay, showing the plant's location. 25X1
the plant was subs? ate to the Ministry of Defense. The
plant man no ured military aatextel primarily. T re was a "seor " aho 4
controlled exclusively by the sdlitsry where explosives,, be-
lieved to be gunpowder, were osutiessly unloaded. All products manufactured 25X1
in the bronze section of the towidn were deartined for the Nay and
most of the products manufactured in the other shops were
either for military or agrioul l use. The plant employed approximately
5,000, half of whom were specialists.
2. The plant area, which was almost square in shape, was surrounded by a wall,
part wood and part rubblework, which was approximately two and one-half
meters high and had a 2,504 meter perimeter. The buildings were constructed
before the Revolution and it was said that they had been occupied by Germans
prior to that time. There were two front entrances, one for personnel and
one for vehicles; both were on Perwomaiskaya ulitsa. Two rear exit!` connects
with the rail siding which served the plant. New constructions were in prof
green between the laboratory, the xa*kWw and fitting shop, and the secret
shop. On page 8 is 41gh, showing the layout of the pleat
and the new oonstructon ng is a list of the shove
on page
-tF
1 Steel shop
2 Garage
3 Blacksmith shop and forge
4 Foundry (iron and bronze)
5 Electric shop
6 Secret shop which also contained electric transformers
7 Compression shop
8 Tool shop
9 Offices, contained in a three-story building of recent construction
10 Laboratory
11 Sheet metal shop
12 Machine and fitting shod
13 Carpentry and model shop
14 Boiler room
15 Transformers
16 Gardens-
17 Building under construction
18 Clock tower
19 Entrances
20 Dumps for scrap, coal, and sand
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The numbers in parentheses refer to those on a sketch
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Foundry
The foundry produced iron and bronze. It employed
between 29560 and 3,000 in three shifts. The foundry was a fireproof one-story
rectangular brick building with sheet-metal roof, about 200 0 x 15 meters.
Part of second stor containing offices. Many Efferent
Prod were manufactured in the foundry.
Qne was a large cast-iron boiler, 2.
ameter, about four meters deep, weighing 15 tons, with thick walls
believed to be more than two centimeters thick, grayish black in color,
a spherical or arched bottom, and four handles around the lip which were
raised by a crane. Two boilers were produced daily. Other heavy parts of
various shapes were also manufactured here, including slugs of great thickness.
4. In the bronze section of the foundry many parts made of different alloys were
manufactured, the most important ones being tubing, valves, wheels, axles, and
various types of gears. Almost all the materiel produced in the bronze section
was under the control of the Navy which frequently sent committees to inspect
and test the products.
5?
The boilers and most of the materials manufactured in the foundry were trans-
ported by rail to other parts of the USSR and the production of the bronze
section was sent to unknown ports.
6. The foundry contained the following installations, of 7od quality and in good
condition; some was n of German and Soviet 25X1
make.
2 gas furnaces
2 cast-iron gas furnaces
2 electric furnaces
I kneading machines which was used to make sand and mortar 25X1
7 bridge cranes, with capacities of 10, 15, and 25 metric tons
small mobile cranes, number not specified
7. In addition to the bronze section, the foundry contained a lathe shop and
three bays. The seoond story portion contained offices of the chief engineer,
draftsmen, and control and statistics sections as well as a dining room,
social lounge, infirmary, models storage, and a small mixing and alloy section."
See sketch on page 9, giving a breakdown of the foundry and 25X1
Raw Materials
8. The raw materials brought to the plant were coal, iron, scrap-iron, copper,
brass, lead, nickel, aluminum, sand, limestone, slag, wood, mineral oil,
gasoline, lead oxide, white lead, copper oxide, gunpowder, and ryas. Most
were transported by rail
The foundry used the sand, limestone, and slag; the wood was used for making
models and for packing. A supply of some raw materials, mainly scrap-iron
and coal, was kept on hand in the plant but there were no reserve stocks.
Water Supply
9?
no general water reservoirs in the plant; there were a few
small ones in various shops such as the forge and steel and iron foundries
which were adequate for their own needs but not for general use.
_]no water pumps; the water pipes were underground and water was iurn shed
by the city.
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Sources of Energy
10. The city provided the plant with electricity. Transformers supplying
adequate electric power were located in a small shop to the rear of the
plant. The electric cranes operated on 380 kilowatts, the plant's power-
house on 130 kilowatts, and the electric furnaces on more than 1,500
kilowatt: warnings of danger of death were posted
11. A tall brick smokestack was located next to the carpentry shop and the
foundry had at least two metal smokestacks about six meters high.
Production Volume
12. In addition to the fact that the iron foundry produced two large boilers
daily other items were manufactured in large quanti- 25X1
ties. the
production vo ume was exceedingly highp considering the fact that the work
was dangerous. The workers complained about the high production norms and
on several occasions complained to the unions and to the director but no-
thing was done about this until 1956 when the norms were reduced. 25X1
Production Methods
13.
scrap-iron was placed in furnaces
ana when met , was pu ly prepared with a mixture of sand,'
dirt, .and dregs. After various operations, the products, including the
large boilers described in paragraph 3 above, were sent to other shops,
usually one equipped with lathes. Raw materials were submitted to high tem-
peratures. In the bronze section the material was placed in hermetically
sealed electric furnaces and submitted to a pressure of centrifugal force.
The mixture was turned over and over by means of a mechanical device and
cylindrical parts emerged, made of bronze or a similar alloy and weighing
about 250 kilograms. These parts were one of the items most thoroughly
checked by the naval inspectors. The operation was dangerous and at least
twice, between 1950 and 1952, the boilers exploded durin the melting prooess~
causing some victims among the workerse metal was - 25X1
Pied in the bronze section
Transport was done by means o cranes and electric oars; small parts were
carried by hand. the electric furnaces were operated 25X1
by pushing buttons ao on a near able where measuring apparatus was
installed the furnaces were automatic. 25X1
Paokin
14. The finished products were packed in wood. When Navy representatives came
to load material from the bronze shop, they brought packing materials with
them or had them made under their supervision. Great oars was taken in
operating the cranes when handling heavy pieces, and materials were solidly
packed and well centered on the railway platforms. Some items were given a
coat of protective paint.
15. Most of the raw materials and finished products were transported by rail.
Two railroad sidings entered the rear of the plant and were connected with
the main line in Kiev. One of these sidings entered the plant at the north
and serviced the steel and iron shops; the other entered through the south
and served the carpentry and machine and fitting shops. Tracks were of
Soviet broad gauge. Loading was done by cranes and the products were trans-
ported through the side entrance in closed railroad oars. These cars were
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mostly wooden with two axles; the locomotives were also small and old.
Three or four trains loaded with iron, scrap-iron, coal, and limestone
came daily to the iron foundry. Each train consisted of four or five oars
and each car carried about 20 tons. Iron arrived in blocks weighing
approximately 500 kilograms.
16. Small trucks, and sometimes wagons, were used for transport with less fre-
quency than the railroad. The Brest-Litovskoye shosse which led to the
plant was a 20-meter-wide concrete road with good drainage, open to traffic
at all times. In the plant's vicinity was a parking area, next to the steel
shop, and there was a small shop for repair and lubrication of vehicles.
From 30 to 40 three-ton Soviet-made trucks, sand and sawdust,
came daily to the foundry 25X1
Storage and Safety Precautions
17. Materials were stored throughout various parts of the plant; some, such
as scrap-iron, lumber, and coal, were stored under sheds. Dirt and sand
were kept outdoors and other sensitive materials, such as copper, nickel,
bronze, and aluminum, were stored in small quantities in each of the storage
rooms in the shops. Some materials were kept near the railroad tracks which
served the plant. Inflammable material was usually kept outside. The plant,
had reserve firemen who drilled occasionally. Boxes of sand, fire extingui-
shers, and water hydrants were located throughout the plant.
Sec nits
18. Guards were posted at the entrance and railroad gates. Also, there was a
constant guard within the area and around the secret shop. The guards be-
longed to the Okhrana, not further identified; there were approximate
40, both men and women, working in three shifts. The conventional pro-pus k
was required for admittance to the plant; there was no difficulty in
visiting any place within the plant except the secret shop.
Wo Schedule and Working Conditions
19? The normal work schedule was an eight-hour day.. Mondays through Fridays,
six hours on Saturdays, and three shifts. Sund s official d
25X1
vacations were observed.
the morning shirty employing approximately
1,000, consisted of 25X1
p,~~,
eight hours; the afternoon shift, employing about NUM, consisted of seven
and one-half hours; and the night shift, employing about 600, consisted of
seven and one-half hours, also.
20. There were no strikes. Complaints were made occasionally, both because of
the high production norms and the low wages. Employees doing special work
or missions received preferential treatment.
Plant Personnel
a. Kornyenko (fnu), plant's director,
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Svestyenik? (fnu), engineer specialising in cranes
C-0-N-F-I-D-E-N-'1;-I-A-L
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C-O-N-P-I-D?E-N-T-I-A.L
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