THE CITY OF KIEV (KEYED SKETCH) AND THE BOLSHEVIK MACHINE BUILDING FACTORY IN KIEV (MANPOWER, DESCRIPTION, SECURITY, TRANSPORTATION, MANPOWER; MACHINE TOOL FACTORY MANPOWER, SECURITY, DESCRIPTION, WORKING CONDITIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A048300450001-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 34
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 24, 2010
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: May 4, 1959
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
FORMATION REPORT FORMATION REPORT
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Sees. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
COUNTRY USSR (Ukrainian rSSR) L REPORT
SUBJECT The City of Kie~F and the Bolshevik DATE DISTR. 4 May 1959
0_ -t n : - REFERENCES 25X1
Machine Building Factory in Kiev (
NO. PAGES
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
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ac n
detailed report describing buildings an pro uc.s o. he Bolshevik Machine
Building Factory. Of particular interest is the reference to restricted
shops, especially No. 2 which was making chemical apparatus for submarines
and surface craft, and the description of unidentified large light metal
tubes produced in shop No. 4 allegedly for use in the chemical industry.
Attachment 2 is a brief report, also on the Bolshevik Machine Building
Factory, which includes general information on the plant. Attachment 3
describes the city of Kiev, citing buildings, industries, and other points of
interest. This report includes an overlay map of Kiev and mentions in para-
graph 12, a plant called the arsenal which produced various types of armaments.
STATE X ARMY X NAVY X AIR
11 FBI
(Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; field distribution by "#".)
AEC
I N FORMATION REPORT I N FORMAT ION REPORT
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CONFIDENTIAL
CONFIDENTIAL
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VIK PT~AN'r ya 1CH MANUFAc ruREI) MACH TNEBY
Th Bolshevik plant was located in?the city of Kiev (N 50 - 27, B 30 - 32)
Oktyabr'ski (2) rayon, surrounded by Daohniy (4) Proulok NQ ll, Brest Litovsk
(3) ahease, Garmatnaya (5) ulitsa, and Treohaya Dachnaya (6) ulitsa. It was
subordinate to the Ministry of Heavy Machinery.
The Plant was enclosed on the south and east by a two-meter high wooden fence
- with an 0'50-meter barrbed wire on top; it was set between the buildings. On
the north and went were two brick stuccoed walls. The whole barricade had a
750 X 500--meter perimeter. (Each building is given an imaginao number so
that it may be identified on the attached sketch.)
The Platt wg4..eatirely reconstructed at the end of the afar because it had
been completely destroyed.
Thj Plant manufactured the followings
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/_7 / /`rr/acnmefT .~
Heavy machinery for manufacturing rubbers it was loaded on 40 metric.
ton fsvight wars.
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Ysohines of different sires and pot* to reduce the size of pinio .
Cisterns used for transporting liqu on trucks trains or for storage
Ferosilit (4) smokestacks for the chemical industry; the majority were
exported to Rumania.
Single or double beds with non folding springs used in homes, clinics, or
hospitals.
Boat propellers, Cunfinieh.d).
Various types of chemical apparatus used on boats and submarines; they were
manufactured in Building NQ 2 under the control of a baval Commander.
arts used in the machines mentioned above
=lai
s
reinforced concrete colwnns in the center and against the walls supporting the
anted sheet metal roof and its iron Framework. It had large windows; Arw rail-
the following shops were located here=
im NQ 1 machined parts received from Foundries NO 5 and 6 and
NS Assembly Shonp2 finished the machining process dons in haohine
Shop NO 1 and assembled the rubber mixers, etc. It had three shifts.
d was a brick 150 X 80 meter one-story structure which had rows
p
n
=Gs AND TaEfl ACTIVITZIEB
others rhich were not cast* these were for rubber
mixers used in rubber plants.
This Shop had three shifts.
I COHFIDENfl P
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It had a shop which made
certain types of chemical apparatus for boats and submarines. These were packed
in unlabeled boxes of different sizes and 'talon by truck to the triis.
Building & 3 was a two-story brick 2200 cubic-meter T-Ihaped structure which had
reinforced concrete column in the center and against the walls supporting the
uralite roof with its iron framework. It had large windows.
Eirst_.- The main raw material store room which contained a large
quantity of electric motors for manufacturing machinery, electrical appara-
tue, cables, switch panels, insulating tubes, copper tubes, tools, screws,i
thermometers, manometers, clothing, worker's footwear, etc
these were enough to keep the plant supplied for a month.
Seoond Floor.- Shop which made wooden, aluminum, *to. molds used in the
three foundries. These molds were transported to the foundries by truck.
The Shop had one shift.
Mttildi:w NQ 4 was a brick L-shaped 1000 cubic-meter one-story structure which
h&M two 20 meter high iron smokestacks and contained the followings
Fg; N4 11 cast and finished solid cylindrical chimzuy-like pieces;
these had 11 parts which were fitted one on top of another with a type
of paste. Each part was 7 meters long with a 1'10 to 1'20-meter dia-
meter and had holes bored in the center through which a tube was insert-
ed. The parts and tybes were made of shiny grey Ferosilit (7) which was
brought from Dnepropetrovsk in amorphous pieces and which was heavier
than iron and more fragile than glass. It was mixed in this shop and
1 C ONFIf E,N1t1AL7
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L ink 2 was a one-story 200 X 20 meter was
prc ibited;. it was controlled by a naval Commander.
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guaranteed for three years after shich time they had to be recast.
This Foundry had the following machinery,
~Q 5 a brink L-shaped one-story structure which had rows of concrete
oolvmns in the center and against the walls supporting the glass roof and its iron
f work. Its wings measured 120 and @0 meters by 30 meters. It had two rail-
road entrances and two 40-meter high brick smokestacks. It contained the followings
S1sFotmdr9 140 5 cast all kinds of steel parts such as boat propellers,
eastern rings, and parts for the rubber manufacturing machines. This shop
ltemas in the center and against the walls supporting the roof and its iron
ark. Its three iron smokestacks were 10 metere above roof level. The
contained the following machinery,
2 Fuel oil fu
e
i
h
2 Fuel oil furnaoesj one functioned, the other was reserved.
Various lathes for the settlement of these pmts,
e products were taken by truck to the train. Thisahop had three shi4s.
rnac
s w
t
an 11 metric-tart tap.
1 German electric furnace with a 5 metric-ton tap.
1 Five metric-ton Soviet--make electromagnetic crane with an
autanatio platform scale located on high tracks. It was
located in a shed next to the building.
8 Soviet-,wakes oranes located on high traokrs two had a oapa--
city.for 25 metric-tons, the other six had capacities for 8
metric tons.
Ventilators, emeries, *too
Some of the parts were shipped off by train; thereat were taken to
Machine Shops Nos. 1 and 2. This shop had three shifts.
;yi 140 6 was a brick 100 X 40-meter structure which had rows of iron
ole building, except for a small area on its south side, was one story
igh. This small area contained the dining room, "red oorpaT
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rr MrInGklTI A c
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 3 Coke furnaces; one had a 15 metrio-ton tap, another an 8 metrie-
following maohinerys
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Fir^tf'lou.- Iron Foundry NO 7 handled the cast icon for the chassis,
platforms, and heavy parts of manufactured machinery. This shop had the
tots taps, and the last a 3 metric-ton tapl
Various machines for the automatic costing of molds.
Ventilators
11 sr 12 8xanes looatqA an high tracks, the majority had 40 metric-
len capacities.
Some of the products were shipped out by train or truck; the rest were
wither taken by truck (or train if they were heavy)' to Machine Shops
as. 1; .&nd 2.
Building NQ T was a brick stuccoed one-story 70 X 20-meter structure which ha
rows of concrete columns in the center and against the wall supporting the black
.-roof and its iron framawork? Its two iron smokostaoks were six or eight meters
above roof level. It housed the black(fsmith shop which forged pinions for machi-
nerye shaped the concave bottoms of the cisterns, eta. It had the following
machinery:
8 or 9 Brick gas furnaces for tempering iron and steel.
3 Steam powered drip hammers
4 presses
2 9ma11 cranes set on high tracks
Products were. taken by truck to Machine Shops Nos. 1 and 2. and Boiler
-----_X leaking Shop NO 4. This shop had three shifts.
~Buildit La. 8 was a brick two-story 70 X 40-meter structure which had rows
of concrete oolumna in the center and against the walls supporting the flat
windows.a a small
red tiled roof with its iron framework. It had large
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'~;CONFIDEN T Ire'
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..+'~' iron amoksstaola
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manufactured all the tools used in the
Plant such ass drill bits, diestooks, steel cutting tools, eta. It
had the following machinery:
Lathes
Milling machines
Trui* machines
Sharpeners
2 or 3 Bleotrio furnaces for tempering steel
the machinery was mostly
Products were taken either, to the shops or to the raw material store-
one
room. his shop had am ahiftl,
Seoond floor: Polyclinic, dinin* romp shower roomy and offices.
BQ 9 was a brick 200 X 70-meter structure which had rows of iron
column in the center and agirrst the wall supporting the red flat tile roof
i
-and its iron framework. It had large windows; most of the buildsg was on
story but a small area on its north side had an upper floor containing
effieseq "red cornea' (club meting room), showers, and a Estorerma for the;
-.boiler raking shops
- get Tlo .'- The Boiler Making Shop NO 4 made different sizes of
sylia:drioal fuel cisterns to be used on trucks and trains, or for sto-
rage. It had the following machinery:
Street metal winding roller machines
"CONFIDENTIAL
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(7) Atiitekwt e?'t 1
Automatic scissors
Machines
Eliotric viading torah"
Gas welding torches
CONFIDENTIAL
The cisterns were entirely completed in this shop and shipped by train.
It had one shift.
)(0-10 wee a brick one-story 80 X 40-meter structure that had rove
of coAorete oolts na supporting the uralite skylighted roof and its iron frame-
Wahine Repair Mop repaired machinery, tools, cranes, locomotives,and
railroad equipment. It had the following machinerys
Tool machines
Welding torches
2 cranes; one which had an' metric-ton capacity, the other a 1'5
metric-ton capacity.
Machines were brought in or taken away in trucks. It had 180 workers
on one shift.
ldiW NQ 11 was a brick 50 X 40-meter th tory structure.
It housed the laboratory; acids and chemical products
_.We stored in the basement. It had one shift.
pAidirg IV 12 was a yellow stuccoed 80 1 40-meter four-story structure.
first Moors Molds used for casting were made here up until 1952 and
a1~'ter that date it was used to stor--ij olds not being used.
Remaining floors Spetsotiel, guards quarters, telephone exchange, and
'Compi
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Bntienoe was forbidden to persons other than those working in this building.
Buil,~dina_ BQ 13 was a brick one-story 30 X 20-meter structure which had a
water deposit which occupied the whole area of the roof*
they might be used to refrigerate the ocecressore. It housed the electric
4.nsfoDr station which had 2 or 3-potency air-:compressors.
wild ITQ 1?144 was a house-type brick three r tory 50 X 30-meter etnuot e
that a uralite roof and many windows. The administtation, main offices,
seosetariate of the party and Komsomol, and the Labor Union were located
h_T6
Hurd 9_ was an old brick one-story 40 1 15-meter structure that had
a wooden root reinforced with metal and a wooden framework.
Vehiole Repairjhop which had the following machinery:
Internal truing machine
Crankshafts
2 Lathes
1 Plane
1 Drill
1 Air Compressor
1 flps Welding Torok
1 8leotrio welding torok
It had 11 employees on one shif
Buil I 36~ wee a 10 X 3 meter edetype struoture which had a wooden
roof. In sinner it made concrete beams used for repairs in the plant.
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H Cy) CC~NFT.bE~~
BuiAtng MQ 17 was a brick stuccoed two-etoxv lbb T d6-meter structure that
had rows of concrete columns in the e **Ur aid against the walls supporting
the red curved tile roof and its iron framework. It oontainois
The Bed 9hon made all types of non-folding metal beds i.e. single, double,
hospital etc.
First fLoo .- A coke smelting furnace with.. 150 kilogram tap ant
an assembly shop (which did the work by hand) and a paint shop.
Dog" floor.- A section where the metal t)abes to make the beds
were manufactured (this section had i rious v~elding torches), the
offices,."red corner" (club meeting room), and showers.
It had 200 workers on one sh i "t. Tb beds were shipped by rail.
Bui~,1CU JQ 18 was a one-story wooden barracks-type 20 X 20-meter structure.
It had a Carpenter Shop which took care of plant repairs and constructions.
This shop had the following machineryt
A band saw
A oirvular saw
A plane
A drill
It also had a mason and paint shop. This shop had 50 workers on one shift.
No 11, was a small wooden barracks that had an office and a guard
Buildi
Lion for the railroad work ~c2
1"irNQ20 was a one-story wooden barracks--type 20 X 15-meter structure.
It contained offices which handled railroad transportation from -ftD inside
B Z the premises u p to the city's freight station. rC O N E ID E N T I A I
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TQ 21 was a two-story brick 15 X 10-meter structure that had a sheet
19
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metal r6of with an iron framework.
First floor.- Four boilers
Seed, l d, f1ogr. - Three coal boilers for heating and steam.
'Lll of these functioned in the winter time. Two small smokestacks were looa-
ide next to the building.
Building No 22 was a one-story brick 10 X 5-meter structure with a roof made
of flat tiles; the iron smokestack was 12 meters aboveroof level. It had a
boiler room which supplied steam to the blacksmiths shop in the summer. This
shop had four gas furnaces and 10 workers on three shifts.
-Diaild NO 23 warn a one-story brick 15 X teeter structure that had a sheet
metal roof with an iron framework. Z emn ti
'mss Sleotrioal Shop repaired motors and all types of electrical equip-
ant in the plant. It had 25 workers on one shift. Sleotrioians on
duty also belonged to this shop.
Build N' 24 was an underground oonorete structure which stored cisterns
containing gasoline and oil for the plant's vehicles.
-Building No 25 was an open-air iron and steel duaap.
_Build No 26 was an open-air scrap Aron dump.
3uild WNQ 7 was an underground water reservoir.
Builds NO 2 was a shed which stored 'Yrioir na"
was metal tower that had a weight which broke up scrap iron
placed on an anvil.
CONFIDENT t" R..
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RA MARIALS
Th Plant used coke, anthracite, different types of electrodes used in welding
aluminum bare and ingots, lead, and copper. It also used raw materials which
were brought by train and truck from the following places#
Dnepropetrovsk and the Urals.- .scrap ?ion; sheets, ingots, and bare of
iron and steel.
Dnepropetrovsk.- Ferosilit (7).
Baku.- Petroleum, gasoline, and oil.
Kiev.- Gas and oxigen.
Estonia and Leningrad.- Motors and electrical apparatus or equipment.
Moscow.- Ball bearings and copper tubing.
Source did not know how much raw material was used.
Water was stored in underground toservoirs and the plant had various water
otrioity was brought to the transformer station from the city.
inoo?ing electric lines
installed underground
inside the rQm : < s .
FACMtG
11 products with the exception of beds, cisterns, boat propellers, and
loose parts, were packed in wooden orates. The nave of the plant, the type
of product, and the shipping address were stamped on a wooden labtl attached
-v*^Mr. inFNTIAl_
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Zhre sidings, connecting with the 1iev-Jobarneya railroad station,
.entered the promises on the east side. The total length of all the si-
dings, including the 7-kilometer section between the plant and the sta-
tion was about 25 kilometers. (See attached sketch for layout of rail-
road sidings.) The interior railroad service had=
3 Steam locomotives; one had more horsepower than the other two.
4 Loading and unloading cranes; one 15 metric-ton crane, two 6
metrio-ton cranes, and one 3 metric-ton crane.
30 or 40 Freight cars, most of which were platform cars.
Train entrances and departures were not scheduled. Approximately 90 per-
cent of products and raw materials were transported by rail.
Inside the premises were asphalted 7-meter wide streets which connected
-a11 the installations and had stone drains. There went
58 'Trubos; two were 8 metric-tons and the rest varied between 3 and
5 metric-tons.
8 Automobiles used by the Director and high officials.
Trunks went out at 0800, but their return was not schedules. Coal and
transported to the foundries. (Coal and coke was brought by
4 Plant had the following storage faoilitiest
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An open air 300 X 20 X 3-meter metal dump which stored mostly iron
CONFIDENTIA
and steel. (A railroad siding ran alongside.)
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In the foundries.
A main raw material storeroom located on the first floor of Building
NO 3.
The basement of Building NQ 11 where acids were stored.
-'rnNFIDENTIAL
An 80 X 40 meter x 75 Dent sr scrap iron ware Dose.
An underground fail dump.
there was no deteriorating of stored materials.
as was brouut in through pipes and was not stored.
WOBKI1 CONDITIONS
4
t of the shops had three tight-hour shifts per day.
Vacations were scheduled for January 1 and 2, May 1, 2, and 3. November 7
and 8, and December 5. They were granted according to type, kind, and
grade of work anytime throughout the year. A masimum of 30 days and a
minima of 15 days were granted.
an average wage of 750 rubles after the rayon tax, the
l
eight percent Pbdoodni Nalo, (10) state tax, and the Labor Union dues
were deducted. Wages were paid every 15 c e.
Saniua7 oonditions were good. There was s, first-aid station, a nurse,
and a polyclinic (Building NO 8) where their had doctors of all specialities.
oammisions inspected working conditions and health every three or
SECIWITT
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installation J. e. 12 during the day and a greater number with watch dogs
The Labor Union was accountable for these.
Plant had 45 or 50 MVD guards, armed with pistols who patrolled the
e
A
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Persons entering or leaving the iirsmises had to show their
gun 00 at the gate. Entrance was fo opst
electric transformer station, main planning office, and the shop which
made chemical apparatus for boats and submarines.
Fire fighting servidss were handled by the local Rayon, station. However,
each shop had trained employees who took fire fighting and first-aid courses.
They had hoses, hand extinguishers, sand, and fire alarms connected to the
T____
this instruction would be handled by the DOSAAF later on*
IZATION AND PRRSCN1 L
Ray station.
At n a time, workers were not instructed in anti-aircraft safety measures
In' 1953 the Plant had 8000 to 9000 employees, most of whom were specialized.
The transportation section was organised in the following
mams-rt
.1 Section Chief (a first category driver)
1 Work Chief (a woman)
1 !Chief Mechanic in charge of maintenance and repairs of vehicles.
2 Lathe operators
1 Blacksmith
6 Mechanical fitters
1 Chief of the spar7parto storeroom
Pero omael8
E
HuzNrrsov (11) Direotor.
rr)WPInr:KI-rj A ,
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I' ) /I t7Ijc~(men t -~
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IM
Cash pries, diplomas, or raises were granted
to stimulate its workwt.
FF1ICZENCM, Z OVEiMTS, AM PROMOTION OF PRODUCT ''ON
ONFIDENT1M
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~Jflci~h~nen7
Location
1. The Bolshevik Plant, under the direction of the Ministry of Mcgtrixx
Machine Building, was located on one of the numbered streets nElmed
Dasnayas, near the Brest-Litovsky highway, in the October district of
Kiev (N50-27, E30-32). The p? nt was made of of a group of buildings
which, together with a wall, isolated it from the exterior.
two personnel entrances and a vehicle entrance
2. Description of the shop which produced tools for plant use.
2. The ~~ ~-t shop was a 5o x 6o meter, one-story building xithout
basement, believed to be of brick and fire resistent, where hard tools
such as pliers, tongs, screwdrivers, wrenches, and drills,.and. machine
parts from nuts of all sizes to lathe headstocks xx= for lathes,
milling machines and grinders, were made for plant use. Compression
hammers used by the foundry for working molds, were also repaired in this
shop. Some loo workers were employed in the shop which was equipped
with machinery believed to be Soviet made, of good quality and in good
condition.
Tracing shop
3. Plans of machine parts designated as "detail no. --" and especially
lathe headstocks, were copied in the tracing shop. A girl was in charge
of bringing and collecting the drawings, the
shop belonged to planning section and he original drawings cEme
from the 6onstruction Office which was said to be outside of the plant.
Products
4. The Bolshevik Plant
produced machinery such as lathes, milling machines, and grinders, and
a type of large boiler
in
5.
seen ih the plant yards and which 25X1
was made kj the boiler shop. No military production was knovrcn.
Raw materials
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5.
Raw Mate ials
yards
used by the plant
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Water and electricity supply
6. Drinkable water was supplied throughout the plant through underground
pipes and was presummed to come from the city sup?ly. Electricity was also
supplied by the city since the plant had no electric station of its own.
There had been no shortages of electricity or complaints of insufficiency
7.
coal, scrap iron, cans, wood;, and sand in the plant
es in the plant
Trucks had access to the Brest-Litovak
highway by way of the adjacent streets. This highway was stone-paved,
well-drained and mfxx thought to be of sufficient width for the needs
of the plant. It was open all year a}t m- and in the event of heavy
snotirs special machines were sent to clear the highway and workers from
the plant cleared the araaximm&iixixxim immediate area with shovels.
On one ocassion in March 1954, intense snows blocked the plant for two or
three days and all of the workers were put to clearing the entr use of the
plant. The plant had a motor pool of trucks of approximately three-ton
cppacity, a garage situated to the loft of the plant entr~nce," Fk a
small shop for servicing the trucks. For internal transport bet::een the shops,
the plant employed small electric rail cars.
Production
8. Chain production was employed in the plant and it was said that some
shops were very autonomatized although source coi..-ld not specify the means
of automantion. Neither the actual production ncr the production quotas
were known although they were said to be somewhat excessive. Little work
was accomplished the first of each month t( ?1 r)-rt"-F'PP 25X1
of material or -co ic;ci> o._. rata wor.: Lluotass. These difficulti3s
Jere due to defects in planning such that the materiald
were not ordered in time and that work was being done on the backlog of the
previous month. These defects were criticized both in the pre_,s and in
mm~ntin~rrmie~
Transportation
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monthly plant meetings where production figures cnarsxpr.2 tWA and the
month's production plan were presented; and suggestions taker i'on: the
technicians and workers to improve production, but which did not >;eem to
give the desired results if and
,EN.Ii".
4
when they were put into pratic~e. every
three months production figures were compared to the planned quotas.
amount to
Rejects were not believed to ~~~~matx~ms a large percentage of the
production except in the production of boilers where they wez,e r?.umerous.
It was not known if this was due to the nature of the work or to actual
deficiencies.
Security
9. There was believed to be some nine ;;uards, sometLies armed with short
arms, within the plant and above all at the entrances. No special guards
nor guards on the exterior of the plant were known. A pass zz x:x :?
ea?asx?kxxpixxix with a photograph and indicating the shop in vr1-iich
employed, was needed to enter the pant although especial just iJ.'i --at ion
was neode3 to enter or leave the plant during other than the nc?m l hour
for doing
10. The plant had a fire service situated next to the Sara-e and there
were foam fire extinguishers, sand buckets, End fire hydrants and hoses
in the shops. No 1m air riad precautions had been observed.
Working Conditions
11. The plqnt worked a 46 hour week with an 8 hour day running from
0800 to 1200 and from 1300 to 1700.
Sanitary conditions were good and there were no strikes or complaints
of importance. Special privileges were given to workers only for athletic
reasons and to party members notable in athletic, union or political
activities. Workers did not miss work without justification.
Organization and personnel
12. The administrative staff of the plant consisted of a direetor, an
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assistant director, a union chief, a party secretary, a chief
ingineer, chief section engineers, a chief technician, accountants
and shop foreman. The plant employed some 5000 workers. 'Pk-r,:xxwM x zj
It was rumored that the party secretary, a jaw alma&xPmJMrmxjy believed
to be named A Dobrosky had been dismissed from the plant because of
deficiencies in the production although the exacts causes were not known.
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7[QC' 1 'e4'!
Y 0 ~ p 41 11 lit ~ : R `i F A I
City of Kiev
General
1. The city of iev (NNE 50-27, B 30-32), trie capital of t Le W rainian
3', was built on uneven terrain, the difference in lav:l oein;
accentuated along tiie Dnepr 'river where there were er~.ba:,nLuients,
some of WNW planted with .gardens and form parks. she buildings
in this part of the city were taller, and the streets leading to the
river were torturous because of tie steepness of the terrain. To
the southeast, the ground rose toward the "Citadel" witl.i its
ancient military and religious buildings; the lat ;,er being repre-
sented by a ctiurcn and a seminary. Catacombs were s .u,'n as a
museum. The people of :~_iev lived much more tranc~uill,y titian t,cose
of Toscow. `4% ten tie v eatrier was ;ood, tae streets were animaited
and the parks and gardens ?y were full of people enjoying themselves.
The U Lrainian greatl, loved his own country but yielded gaff:;bly
to the Soviet regime without appreciable enmi t,,yr.
New Construction
2. There were several areas in tie city tie constructic n of
four to six-story building;s was intense. _iis ee..eci ;lly
true in the Pec:hiersk rayon to trie south of the city and above all
along the extension of nrasnoarrais aya ulitsa. L'iiis era ; n d
been leveled and the streets laid out anew in tale form a
In tie .3o' Lolovs Liy and aaleksandrivst iy districts, and
along the extension of tree Brest-Litovsay hi Vaviway other a r?eas
were bein ; built up. In the LL arnitsa rayon, traMersec by the
Poltav r3ilr ..ck linetin the southeast of tie city, t l.ree and
four-story builciin ;s were under constructs: n for t:ie v~ cr:..ers
of a new textile combine twat was also under construction in the
sane area under the c'.revious five-year plan.
The most notable reconstruct; c;n
of old areas was ta:-in:, place in the i7ob.ol r:i.,ron in -che rig.rtniern
sector of tae city where old buildings were being; reipl iced by modern
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~~~~~~DE~T1Al
buildin s up to four stories in heiht. This rebuildin was
proressin slov,,ly, however, n.xe to t-_re lacr of available housin;
for those then living in the old buildin; s, so th,,t these could
be torn down. tine street numbering s arted25X1
from the river and went from north
which replaced old ones, ret
to south. The new uilding;s
i:aya ulitsa, the main street ; hich ran from ulitsa Shevchenko to riir-
ovsx a, ss ulitsa was formerly known by an! t*ier nary e
25X1
ulitsa Stratosfery on the Staedplan von ikiew 111-41 which oas used
for attached overlay was ik.-ncwn as Vozdui:hoflots:Laya ulitsa.
Public Buildings
3?
there i as a jail in the region and it
another of a military nature. There was a hospital near the
Brest-Litovskiy highway with the entrance of a street near ulitsa
Stratosfery, and another on the hand side of uiits-, lrtyoma
The .-ervorr a,ysiiy
hospital was located in the Leninsi,V ra, on at the end of ioopital
Street. There were severa as lu:,s and sanitariums il., the vicinity
of the city but none were kno,, within the city. The most important
hotel was tie Intirist hotel on ulitsa Lenina near t e oo:oera theater.
There w,,~ere other hotels in the city and many col-ective dwellin s
in all districts of the city.
4. The ministries were concentrated in a lsr,e modern building at the
intersection of ulitsa Karl Lingera and 1ir:.vsnaya ulitsa and
facing the Su; reme ~cviet building.
le gat- ons The Part,; building
was on Ol gis ,-a;ya ulitsa. The university srvas located on ulitsa
Kor 2 ulitsy. large e;:tile ccirb..n v. as being con-
structea in the _.1Jraarni tss district and there were v ri_c us s.n:all
industries such as repair shops, beer :mna Vodio aistil:.er-i es,:and
a slau;l"iter in various ,rts of the city. fish c:at,nery was
located in toe -t~odol rayon.
C
r5'
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Public Services
The electricity for industrial as well as c.ornestic use case from
the Lr_e rc - es H.,,rdroelec_'t-r c station on b e ? neppr. ' ver several
c;.ilorreters fror~, iLiev. e s-15- lion es ;ir. te( un i.er ue
second live-.,,ear plant in 1:3 or 1936rict su Hied ; .e errti e
re_ ion .Incl aii_cst wlL o ,xrr.A ni?a an veil.
Lrink.in water was supplied b;, under round ;iras but t.,-.e source
of this v'iater was unrcnown. It had a high calcium content,
leaving a heavy incrustraticn on all the cooking ware. Industrial
water was supplied by a pumping; station on the banks of the
river near the new bridge. The city was sup plied with natural
gas the source of which was not known. There was a four-digit
automatic telephone s stem, and a heating plant supplied public
buildin>s.
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Uri I- t r. l 11 / /
17A L
Legend for Oven
1. jioat yards.
2. Inner harbor.
3. River port railroad station.
4. Public r iar:"et in the F=odol rcl >' on.
5. Dnepr river.
6. Fodol rayon.
7. projected bridge site.
8. .'academy of Sciences zoo.
9. Hospital.
10. L ar:-letl-, lace.
11. Conservatory of h"uric.
12. Seminary.
13. Bolshevik plant.
14. Fol,,,technic Institute.
15. tiosr ital.
16. Vozdukhoflo-bskaya ulitsa and highway. (rorrnerly, ulitsa
Stratosft ry. )
17. I,"arLet place.
18. Institute of construction.
19. Old orthodcx church.
20. - eua c; - c< l institute.
21. Inturist hotel.
22. Party building.
23. I, inistries building.
24. Sua,,rer_:e Soviet building.
25. '11ieatr- c,-31 institute.
26. I."ilitary sports park.
27. iilitary club.
28. i-assenger railroad stai_ion and adjoining installations.
29. Foot bridge over the rail lines.
30. -i3otanical ardens.
31. University and library.
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GO111FI E I11 e L
- lC -
32. Central r r;ar:cet and ulitsa resk. _ichi':_.
33. "i~'ar!', et place .
34. :arsenal rriilit,.-r.r; plant.
35. Old bride destroyed by 't e irerrr:ans.
36. &rtiller.,r ba rac cs.
37. ! ailro-ad roods station.
38. Lanuae institute.
39- !,'cu.ern Catholic Church.
40. ~ervorn:.; ~: i;,r hospital.
41. Sem)inar.r in the Citadel.
42. i'he Citadel.
43. C evv bridge to the Barnitsa rayon.
M'n II!!-I
ION
TI 41
1 ",A
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