(SANITIZED)PAPERS IN GENERAL AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY(SANITIZED)

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP80T00246A049200450001-6
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
S
Document Page Count: 
143
Document Creation Date: 
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date: 
May 24, 2010
Sequence Number: 
1
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
July 6, 1959
Content Type: 
REPORT
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP80T00246A049200450001-6.pdf5.86 MB
Body: 
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246A049200450001-6 CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title 18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law. C-E mR-E_T SUBJECT Papers General an. Ap~.lied Chemistry DATE OF INFO. REPORT DATE DISTR. "gL l NO. PAGES 1 REFERENCES RD PLACE & DATE ACQ. 25X1 SOURCE EVALUATIONS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE. A Russian-langua okl.et cortaining 58 papers in The Booklet was published by the Academy of Sciences of the `-SSR and edited by N~.1 o 9' uyki: ,,. The booklet when detached from this report is ":" ~$ tFlED. STATE ARMY NAVY AIR FBI AEC 0 ?? ? REPORT FORMATION ??? Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246A049200450001-6 CEKLHH XHMHH H XHMHLIECI{OIR TEXHOJIOI'HH TOIIJII3BA H3A,ATEJIbCTBO AKAA,EMNN HAY K COOP Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246A049200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 VIII JleHdeuceeac,cuu cbe3c no 06u4eu u npu!c.4adkou xu.tuu Petpepambc (9OK17090e u coo6u4eHUu C E K L ICI R X I'I M ICI ICI H XHMH1ECKOH TEXHOJIOI'HH TO IIJI ICI BA 4I3jT[ATEJIbCTBO AHAJ~EMHI4 HAYH CCCP Mocxea ? 1959 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246A049200450001-6 OTBeTCTBeHIII,H peAa1TOp 9neH-HoppeCUoHAeHT AH CCCP H. H. Illy an u H Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246A049200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 CBOIICTBA HHRHBHAYAJIbHbIX HOJIHIIHI{JIWIECRHX YPJIEBOAOPOJItOB PA3JIWIHbIX THHOB CTPYICTYPbI H COCTABA Cis-C40 A.A.HeTpoB, E.H.ICanjuan, O.M. M. A.'IeJrbgoBa (Hucruryr opeauuuecicou xuMuu um. H. J. 3e.2uucrcoao AH CCCP, Mocxea) flpHMeHeHHe B KalIeCTBe MOTOPHbIX TOHJIHB cpeaHHX (ppaKIIHN He()TH, n?OHCKH yrJIeBo.nopOAOB MaceJI, CTONKHX K OKHCJIHTeJIbHbIM B03.aeftCTBHHM H nOBbIHIeHHbIM TeMnepaTypaM,- BCe 3T0 aezlau HHTepeCHbIMH CHHTe3 H ,H3ygeHHe CBOIkCTB HH,i[HBHAyaJlbHbIX yrJle- B011OPOAOB pa3JIf'qHbIX THIIOB CTpyKTypbl, MaJIOH3y'IeHHbIX aim COCTaBa >C18. 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ECJIH BJIHSIHHe CTpoeHHH yrJIeBOAOPOAOB Ha $X BH3- KOCTHble CBOIiCTBa T4pe3BblTlaiiHO BeJIHKO npH HH3KHX TeMnepaTypax, TO npH nOBbILneHHbIX TeMnepaTypax (BbIIHe 100-1500) BJIHHHHe crpoeHHSI y}Ke HHBeJIHpyeTc1. B CBoe BpeMH Ha npHMepe yrAIeBOAOpOAOB, CHHTe3HpOBaHHbIX CT. 1IHJiaT, 6bIJIO yCTaHOBJIeHO, LITO OKHCJIAeMOCTb paCTeT C POCTOM AJIHHbI, LIHcjia if pa3BeTBJIeHHOCTH geneit. HaiuH RaHHble, nOJIyqeH- Hbie Ha MaTepHaJie HHbIX CTpyKTyp, nOATBepAHJIH 3TOT Te3HC AJIH aJIKHJI-Ha(IJTaJIHHOB H TpH4)eHHJI-aJIKaHOB, HO pa30lUJIHCb C HHM B cAytiae aJIKHJI-AHPHApo6H(eHHJIOB ('BepowITHO, BCJIeACTBHe o6pa30- BaHHH B nOCJIeAHeM cJiy'tiae HH'rH6HTapOB). M3BeCTH'O, LITO B psluax yPJIeBOAOPOAOB C OAHHM H TeM we 'mc- JIOM aTOMOB yrJIepoAa TenJIOTBOpHaH cnoco6HOCTb paCTeT C POCTOM COAep)I(aHHR B0A0poaa, T. e. no Mepe CHH}KeHHH IZHKJIMHOCTH. OA- 1iaKo UHKJIH3aIlH1 BJIe'IeT 3a Co6oii nOBbILIIeHHe yaeJIbH0ro Beca. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 BbIAEJIEHHE IAHHJIOPEKCAHA H EPO BJIH}KAflmhIX FOMOJIOPOB H3 BEH3HHA BAK1IHCKOft HEcDTH JI. M. HomeaeBa, C. A. MeXTHeB, S. (D. IIHmuaMaa3aue, III. 3. 9a6aTOBa, (D. A. FamHMOSa (HMCTUTYT Me(5JTu AH A3CCP, Ba, y) OTCyT'CTBHe 3(4,eKT14BHOro npoMbiulJleHHoro McToaa BbI,1[eJie- HH1 UHKJIaHOB H3 COCTaBa Heq)TH - OCHOBHOe npefHTCTBHe j[JIH He- noJIb3OBaHHH He4)THHOrO LHKJIOreKCaHa B npOMbIIIIJIeHHOCTH opra- HHileCKarO CHHTe3a. fIpose,aeHO HCCJIegoBBHHe no pa3pa6oTKe McTO,IIa BbijteJleHHH uHKJlorexcaHa H ero 6JIHnKaIlIUHx ro o iarOB H3 6eH3HHOBOI3 4)paK- UHH O.IWOf XapaKTepH0I3 He(i)TH 6aKHHCKOPO McCTopo)KjjeHHH - Cy- paxaHcKoI or6opnof. Bbige.IeHHe u$KJIorexcaHa ocyu;ecTBJIHJ)H nyTeM Oj[HOKpaTHOII H j[syKpaTHofI peKTH#KauHH H a3eoTpOIIHOI3 IHCTHJIJI,9IIHH npSIMO- rOHHOPO 6eH3HHa. 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A3eoTponnoli neperoHKOIi UHKJIOrexcaHOBOH (ppaKJHH 75-850 (BbI,aeJleHa H3 6eH3HHa Ha KOJIOHK'e 30eKTHBHOCTbio 25 TeopeTH- ,qeCKHX TapeJIOK) C McTHJIOBbIM CIHPTOM npH Co0THOHIe'HHH I : I Ha KOJIOHKe 3("eKTHBHOCTbIO 50 TeopeTH'LIeCKHX TapeJIOK 6bIJI rio iyqeii 96%-HbII3 aHKJIOreKeaHOBbIg KOHueHTpaT (BblqeJIHJ)aCb (4PaKuHH 79,6-81,10) C BbIXOJjOM OT nOTeHuHajia 67% HJIH 9I %-HbIfl KOH- ueHTpaT UHKJIOreKcaHa C BbIX'O)OM OT nOTeHUHaJta 82%. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 A3eoTponxax rleperOHKa c 9THJIOBbIM cnHpTOM Aajia XyAHIHe pe- 3)'JIbTaTbl. PeKTH(pHKaUHe1 6eH3HHO3OH (ppaKILHH, KHnsiuJeH AO 75?, Ha KO- JIOHKe 34 4 eKTHBHOCTbio 25 H 50 TeOpeTHqeCKHX TapeJIOK MO}KHO BbIAeJIHTb (paKI.I',HIO, coaepx{amyio McTHJIaHKJIOneHTaHa 86 H 94,8% C BbIXOAOM OT HOTeHUHaJIa 87 H 95% COOTBeTCTBeHHO. PeKTH(HHKaU.HSI 4 paKUHH 95-105? nO3BOJIHeT BbIAeJIHTb AByX- rpaAycxyio q)paKunlo (100-102?) c CAAepx(aHHeM 93% McTHJI- 1iHKJIOreKCSHa C BbIXOAOM OT nOTeHUHaJla 73%. TaKHM o6pa3OM, npoBeAeHHasi pa60Ta fOKa3aJIa BO3MO)KHOCTb BbIAeJIeHHSI H3 6eH314Ha cypaxaHCxoi OT6opHOH Heq)TH McTHJIUHKJIO- neHTaHa, UHKJIOreKCaHa H McTHJIUHKJIOreKCaHa co CTeneHb}O 'IHCTO- TbI 94,8; 90-97 H 93% COOTBeTCTBeHHO. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 CHHTE3 H CBOflCTBA HAOTEHOBbIX YrJIEBOROPOROB C )IJII4HHO11 BOI{OBOIi IUEHbIO A. 3. goporovsHcxgui, B. H. JIaBpeHTbeB, A. B. JIIoTep, H. H. MenbHSKOBa, B. A. 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YCJIOBHSI aJIKHJIHpoBaHHc 6eH3oJia RHH3oaMHJieHOM B npHCyTCTBHH cepHOi3 KHCJIOTbI 6bIJI?H CJie1IyloIU,HMH: KpenoCTb CeJHOfI KHCJIOTbI 97J%p, UPOAOJDKHTellbHOCTb KOHTa'KTa 2 tiaca, OTHOLHeHHe 6eH30Jia K JgHH3o,aMHJIeHy 5 : 1, TeMnepaTypa peaKuHH 20?. rlociie OcynleCTBJIeHHq peaKanfi a JIKHJIHPOBaHHSI 6bIJi noJIy-IeH TexHH,IeCK.BfI H3OE eUHJI6eH3OJI - 4)pa'KAHSI, BbIKHfBIOU BH B npe- J1eJiaX 180-350?. )Jill 3TOPO npoJjyKTa xapaKTepna 6bIJIa BbICOKasi Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 nJIOTHOCTb - 0,86-0,88, BbICOKaH TeMnepaTypa HatlaJla KpHcTa,n- JIH3auHH - OT 21 a o 350 H HH3Ka{ KaJIOpHIhHOCTb, He npeBbllHalO- u{aH 10 100 ICWAIK.2. H3oacIjHJ16eH30JI noaBepraJlcH rllapHpOBa- HHIO, B LIacTHOCT'H, B npHCyTCTBHH HHKeJlesoro KaTaJIH3aTOpa. YCJIO- BHH rHApHpoBaHHH 6bIJIH CJieayIOu1HMH: aaBJIeHHe 7 arm, TeMnepa- Typa 150-2000, 06,beMHac CKOpOCTb 0,2 uac-I. 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PaAHKaJIbHO-uenHaH cXeMa McXaHH3Ma H3yTieHHOH peaKljHH BKJIJOTdaeT 3apo)KAeH,He ueneH npH TepMJNeCKOM pa3pblBe CB513eH HOC6H4CH2-H (HJni HOC6H4-CH3), a TaKxce CH3C6H4O-H. r1oci CAylolljee pa3B.HTHe ueneH npOHCX0AHT B pe3yJlbTaTe B3aHMo- JjefCTBHH aTOMapHOrO BOAOpOAa c MOJIeKyJIaMH Kpe30JIa c o6pa30- BaHHeM paaHKaJIOB C6H4OH H CH3 (a TaK}Ke C6H4CH3 H OH), KO- TOpble B CBOIO OTiepe.Lb reHepHpyloT aTOMapHbtH BOAOPQA, peal'HpyH c MOJIeKyJIaMH H2. O6pbIB ueneH npHBOAHT K o6pa3OBaHHFO BbICO- KOKHnHIUHX npOILyKTOB. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 PARHOJIH3 PA3JINLIHbIX TI4IIOB YPJIEBOAOPOROB IO.JI.XMen16HHIKH1, K. I3.3HMHHa,A.A.IIon$KOaa, B. M. 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I'I30neHTaH, H. neHTaH . . 37,0 13,0 2,0 7,0 4,0 22,0 7,0 8,0 0,0 39,4 12,1 4,7 11,1 8,2 7,5 10,1 1,9 4,8 HaJI.HgHe Bcec raMMbI HenpeaeJlbxbJX H napa(pHHOBbIX yrJIeso- AopoAoB C1 - C5 yxa3bIBaeT Ha rJly6oKHe npoueccbl npeBpalueHmi, npo'reKa1OlaHe npH paj(HOJIH3e. 06 3TOM cBH,i(eTeJlbcTByeT TaKxte HajimIHe B )KHAKHX npoAyKTaX peaKIT;H:H HenpeAeJlbHbIX yrJleBO,uopOAOB, yCTaHOBJIeHHbIX no HH- 4 paKpacHbIM CneKTpaM nor.IOIueHHH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 METOR LICCJIEAOBAHIflj COCTABA CYMMAPHbIX DEHOJIOB CMOJI TEPMWIECROII HEPEPABOTKH TBEPJ MX TOHJIHB X. T. PayAcenn (Tait.zunc uu no.7UTexnnuqecvuj. unCTuT7,T) IIepBooHepemHOIi 3aaawFI AA R xapaKTeprrCTHKH cOCTa'Ba cyM- MaPHbIX (peHOJIOB gOJDKHO 6bITb onpe1jeJle'HHe KOJIHtIeCTBa oTaeJIb- HbIX rpyrin coe.HHeH:HI3, O4HO- H JIByxaTOMHbIX (peHoJLoB, reTepo- uHKJIHtIeCKHX coeJjHH'eHKFI H T. ,q. 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I-10JIyLIeHHb1e AaHHble 6bIJIH aHHSI . nO,TTBep]KAeHbI TaKwe OnTHLIeCKHMII McToaaMH HccJIe)AOB Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 KOJIHYecTBeHHOe OnpeJjeJleHHe THO(JeHa H ero rOMOJIOFOB B yxa3aHHbIx BbILue ())paKIHSIX, coJ(ep]KaI4ox em e He6ojlbuioe KoJIH.- geCTBO Henpe)jeJlbHbIX yrJIeBoaopOJjoB, OCHOBaHO Ha npHMexeHHH McTOJja 6poMHpoBaHHH H IIOAHpOBaHHSi, pa3pa6oTaHHoro J1JISI TaKHX cMececI. ,aim oueHKH coJjep}KaHHH THO(peHOBbIX COeJJHHeHHI3 H apoMa- THgeCKHX yrJIeBOJ[opoJIOB npHBOJ[SITCH JjaHHbie aHaJIH3a HCCJIeJ[o- BBHHbIX o6pa3uoB B nepeCYeTe Ha 1 T CyXOI'O cJlaHua. 1) JIericax cppaKJJHH CMOJIbi, noJiyneHHax npH TepMHgeCK0M pa3JI0}KeHHH caBeJlbeBCKHX CJIaHgeB npH 400?, co,i[ep3KHT OKOJIO 0,29 Ka 6e i3oJia, 0,82 Ke ToJIyo ia, 0,60 K2 KCHJIOJIOB, 0,17 K2 THO- cpeHa, 0,96 ice 2-McTHJITHOCpeHa, 1,28 Ke 2,5-J[HMeTHJITHO(~eHa, 1,04 K2 2-McTHJH-5-3THJITHO())eHa. 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ConocTaBJIeHHe IaHHbIX 0 XHMHgiecKof npHpoae coe1[HHeHHIi H KOJIH4eCTBeHHOM coJjepxcaHHH THOc eHOB H apoMaTHLIecKHX yrJie- BO,jOpO)[OB B HCCJIeJ(OBaHHbIX Macjiax nOKa3bIBaeT, iIT'O npouecc TepMHYecxoro pa3JIO}KeHHSI cJlaHueB npH 725? COHPOBO}KJ(aeTCSI apoMaTH3auHel3 He TOJIbKO 3a c'-IeT aJIH(jaTH~IecKHx yrJIeBO,JOpOJ[OB, HO TaK}Ke H BCJIeJjCTBHe 06eCCepHBaHHH roMOJIorOB THO(rexa, BepOATHO, nO,j BJIHSTHHeM CyJIb(JHJ[OB TSIDKeJIbIX McTaJIJIOB. 3TO nOJjTBep}KJIaeT 3aMeTHOe CHH}KeHHe OTHOCHTeJIbHOrO KOJIHqeCTBa roMOJIOrOB T'HO4 eHa B )KH)[KHX npOJ[yKTaX TepMHTlecxoro pa3JIO- x{eHHSI cJianueB npH 725? no cpaBHeHHHo c npoueccoM npH 400?. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 0 BbIJ(EJIEHHH H HCHOJIb3OBAHHH ABYXATOMHbIX DEHOJIOB IIOJIYIfORCOBAHHFI H FHJ[POPEHH3AIIHH LIEPEMXOBCKHX YI'JIEII A. 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Kap6HAbI ypaHa 51BJJBIOTCH HCKJIIOiueHHeM 143 rpyHnbI Kap6HjLoB TA}KeJIbIX McTaJIJIOB H npH pa3JIO}KeHHn BOji0H, pa36aBJIeHHbIMn paCTBOpaMH COJIBHOH, a30THOH H cepHOH KHCJIOT AaloT He auieTHJIeH, a OKOJIO 1/3 ra3006pa3HbIX yrJleBOAopoAOB H OKOJIO 2/3 }KHAKHX H TBepJl,bIX yrJIeBOAOpOJ 0B. Pa3Hoo6pa3He npOAyKTOB B3aHMOjieH- CTBHB Kap6HAoB ypaHa C BOAOH 06'bHCHBeTCB H3MeHeHHeM BaJle'HT- HOCTH ypaxa BO BpeMB pa3JIO}KeHHH H paAHOaKTHBHbIM B03AeH- CTBHeM ero Ha o6pa3yK)H.i'HeCH yrJIeBOAOpOAbI. HaJIHiIHe Kap6HAOB ypaxa B MarMaTHllecxHX KpHCTaJIJIH4eCKHX nopojiaX HaMH 6bIJIO yCTaHOBJIeHO CJIy4aIHO. B OAHOM H3 TeKTOHH- LIeCKHX pa3JIOMOB CpeAHei A3HH, rje XOpOHIO BbIpa}KeHa pyAHaB ypanosasl MnHepaJIH3aUHq, 6bIJIH Ha1AeHbI XOJIOjHble HCTOLIHHKH C ra30BbiaeJIeHHeM. Mo}KHo 6bIJi0 npejinoJlaraTb, TO ra30BbI,IgeJ1e- HHe CB513aHO C 3p03HOHHOA AeBTeJIbHOCTb1O 3THX BO)Z Ha KpHCTaJI- jIH'-IeCKne nopoAbI, gift HpOBepKH 3TOr0 6bIJIH OTO6paHbI nOpOAbI Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 pa3JIHwIHOro neTporpaCMHtlecxOrO COCTaBa H B Jla6opaTOpHbIX yCAO- BHHX npOBeaeHO Hx pa3JIO}xeHHe c.na6onoAKHcJIeHH0iI BOAOII. YCTaHOBJleHO, tiTO npH KOMHaTHOII TeMnepaType ra3bl pa3JIO- iKeHHH He coAep}xaT McTaHa HJIH co ep}KaT TOJIbKO CJIeAbI ero. 1IpH HarpesaHHH Ao 80? npOHCXOIHT 6ypxoe ra3o'BbIaeJIeHHe c no- BbIIIIe'HHbIM cOAep)KaHHeM McTaHa. I-leM 60JIbUIe ypaHa co, epxcHT nopoAa, TeM 6oJlbnle B ra3e McTaHa. BbIJIO TaK}Ke yCTaHOBJIeHO, 4T0 Ha KOJIH'IeCTBeHHbIII BbIXOA McTaHa BJIHHeT CTeneHb pa3Apo6- JIeHHOCTH nopoA. 4eM TOHbLH pa3Apo6JIeHa nopoAa, TeM McHbnle BbIXOA McTaHa. fIpH HccJIeAOBaHHH COCTaBa nOAHO'BeHHOro ra3a B 30He pa3- JIOMa c ypaHOBOII MHHepaJIH3aUHeli McTOAOM Macc-cneKTporpaq)HH 6bJJIO YCTaHOBJIeHO npllcyTCTBHe B ra3aX, KpoMe McTaHa, yrJIeBo- AOpOAOB C BbICOKHM MOJIeKyJIHpHbIM BeCOM (42; 54-56; 69-70; 83-84; 97-98; 111-112). KoJIH4ecTBO TaKHX yrJleBoAopoAoB B ra3e COCTaBHJIO 10-2-10-4% no o&beMy. TIpHCyTCTBHe B ra3e yrJIeBOAOpOAOB C BbICOKHM MOJIeKyJIHpHbIM BecoM HBJIHeTCH npH- 3HaKOM cylueCTBOBaHHH B nPHPOAHbIX yCJIOBHSIX AHKap6HAoB ypa- Ha. IIpH pa3JI03KeHHH AHKap6HAa ypaHa o6pa3yeTCH 9THJIeH, KOTO- pbIH noA B034eIICTBHeM o6pa3OBaBIHeIICH rHApOOKHCH ypaHa nOJIHMepH3yeTC3T C o6pa3oBaHHeM MOJIeKyJI BbICOKOI'O MOJIeKyJIHp- HorO Beca (56, 84, 112). MOJieKyJlbl C np-oMe}KyTO'gIHbIMH MOJIeKy- JIHpHbIMH BeCaMH (42, 70, 88) yKa3bIBaIOT Ha TO, TITO B npoueccax rlOJIHMePH3auHH HPHHHMaeT y'aCTHe TaK}Ke H MOTaH. Ha B03MO3K- HOCTb nOJIHMepH3auHH yrJIeBOAopOAOB HOA B03AeIICTBHeM paAHO- aKTHBHOI1 9MaHauHH YKa3blBaeT luJIe3HHrep H pyre HcCJIeAoBa- Te.IIH. flpouecc noJIHMepH3auHH He 3aKaH4HBaeTCH C o6pa3oBaHHeM yr.neBoAopoAOB MonexyJlHpHOrO Beca 112, a HAeT AaJlbiue c o6pa- 30BaHHeM }KHAKHX H TBepabIX yrJleBOAopoAOB. Ha 3TO yxa3blBaror MHOroT4H-c Ie'HHble {paKTbl HaXO}KAeHHH yrJIeBOAOpOJ OB B KpHCTaJIJIH- 4eCKHX nopojax THna TyxoJIHTa, Kap6ypaxa, xap6yuepa Hec)Teno- Ao6HbIX yrJIeBOAOpOAOB H Heq)TH. BbIIHeH3JIw i eHHoe AaeT OCHOBaHHe yTBep}KAaTb, 'ITO BbICKa3aH- Hoe a. H. McHAeJleeBblM npeAnoJIO}KeHHe o CyrueCTBOBaHHH B npH- pOAHbIX yCJIOBHHX Kap6HAOB McTaJIJIOB HBJIHeTCH peaJIbHOII AeIiCT- BHTeJIbHOCTbIO. Kap6HAbI TH}KeJibIX McTaJIJIOB, B 4aCTHOCTH ypaHa, He 065T3aTeJIbHO AOJI}KHbI HaX'OAHTbCH Ha 6oJIbLUHX ray6HHax. OHH MOryT HaXOAHTbCSI B MarMaTH4eCKHX KPHCTaJIJIHt;eCKHX nopoAax, BbIXOAHHjHX Ha 3e'MHVIO nOBepXHOCTb. IIpoBe,aeHHble HCcJIeAOBaHHH HBJIHK)TCH nepBbIM nlaroM K nO- CTaHOBKe 6ojiee lIHpOKOrO H3y'eHHH MarMaTmieCKHX nOPOA KaK MaTepHHCKHX HeCJTeO6pa3y}0IH,HX HOpOA. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 If BOHPOCY 0 3AIfOHOMEPHOCTRX HPOIRECCA ROI{COBAHH}I YTJIEII J. M. JIHCHH (Xu. ui w-MeTa.a.aypeuueciuu UUCT1LTYT 3anaauo-Cu6upcnozo orae.?enu. AH CCCP, Hoeocu6upci ) B pemeHHH aKTyaJibH0i3 inpo6JleMbl IIInpoKOrO HCIIOJIb3OBaHHH B npOH3BOACTBe ROMeHHOFO KOKca ra30BbIX yrJlei BOCTOKa CTpaHbi, B CB313H C OrpOMHbIM pa3BHTHe.M TaM LIepHOI3 McTaJlnyprHH H XH- MnileCKOI3 npOMbIIIIJIeHHOCTH, HMeeT cylueCTBeiiHoe HayiiHoe n npaKTHileCKoe 3HaileHne 3a.1aua y'CTaHOBJIe'HHH 06nIHX 3aKOH'OMep- HOCTei peaJIbHoro npouecca 'KOKCOBaHHH yrjiei-i (Maxponpolzecca). CJIO3KHOCTb H He113BeCTHOCTb XHMH ieCKOPO COMM yr.ne1, pa3- Ho06pa3He HX CBOI-ICTB, HeH3OTepMHiIHOCTb npouecca, CneuHq)HKa 'i'a30BbIX yrjlefi H ap. AeJIaiOT fO1ITH HeBO3MO)KHbIM npHMOe HCHOJib- 3oBaHHe McTOAOB OpraHH'ileCKOH XHMHH H XHMH4CCKON KHHeTHKII nHAHBHAyaJIbHbIX peaKigHi3. FO3TOMy B nOHCKaX CneuHaJlbHbIX Me- TOAOB HccJIeaOBaHH5i 6bIJIH npHMeHeHbl B nePBOM npH6JIH>KeHHII -McTOAbI TeOPHH noAo6H5i, Oc06eHH0 HHTerpaJIbHOPO noao614n, li McTOAbI CTaTHCTHgeCKOrO HccJieAOBaHHH (o6o6mgeHHble XapaKTepn- CTHKH rIpOueCCOB). Pe3yJIbTaTbl nePBbIX HccJIeAOBaHHII paOCMaTpHBaioTCH no TpeM BonpocaM: o6uzas cxeMa npauecca KOKOOBaHn} yr.iief; npH6op (yCTaHOBKa) ; McTOAbi aHaJIH3a, o6o6II;eHHH H pe3yJlbTaTbl HX. IlpeACTaBJIeHa o6lua5 cxeMa npouecca KOKCOBaHHH yrJiei Kai: KOMnJIe'KCa TenJIOBbIX, XHMHqeCKHX H q)H3HK0-XH,MHiieCKHX npouec- 'COB. OHa 1103BOJIHJIa OTTeHHTb cnelu-r4)HKY KOKCOBaHHH B npouecce nHPOJIH3a TOrIJIHBa, yCMOTpeTb iieTbTpe rpynnbI B03MO)KHbIX npHH- IZHHHaJIbHbIX TeXHOJIOrHtieCKHX cxeM npouecca IIO tieTbipeM npH- 3HaKaM H Bbipa3HTb npouecc 06iuHM ypaB'HeHHeM: K =+(T, T, V, U), (1) TAe K - KOKC, ero CBOHCTBa, 'r - BpeMH, T - Ten JIOBble npOI(eccbi, V - XHMHgeCKHe npoueccbl, U -'(pH3HKO-XHMHtIeCKHe H3MeHeHH54 KOKCyeMOPO CJI0H. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 HO Tpe60BaHHIo cxeMbl H ypaBHeHHeI (1) HccJIeJjoBaHbI CBOT-I- CTBa npoMbIHIJIeHHorO KOKCa K, KaK onpeJjeJIHeMoro COCTOIHHH S ypaBHeHHH (1), H pa3pa6OTaHbI 'Ha OCHOBe TeopHH HOJjo6HH npH- 6op JrJIH TepMHTlecxoro H3y~IeHHH yrJiei3 IITY-4 c 3arpy3KOK yrJIH j o I /C2 H Jla6opaTOpHaH ycTanosxa. OHH !n03BOJIHJIH CHHMaTb B KOHetIHOM H ,IZHHa,MHT-IeCKOM BHJje XapaKTepHCTHKH onpej[eJ1HloIuHx COCTOHHHN npo'Ijecca (1) : 'r H T, V - KaK CTeneHb H CKOpOCTb npe- BpaH.jeHHH yrJIH no JleTy'IHM, CMoJIe, ra3y, HIIpOreHeTH1IeCKOI3 BOJje H Jjp., U - KaK (cH3HKO-XHMHTieCKHe H3MeHeHHH cpeAbI no yJjeJIb- HOMy 06'beMy, BHyTpeHHeI3 HanpHB{eHHOCTH, BH3KOCTH, a TaK)Ke aHaJIH3HpoBaTb 'pe3yJIbTaT HO KOKCy H BceM XHMHIIeCKHM npOJjyK- TaM. HyTeM KpHTepHaJIbHoro a'HaIIH3a TerIJloo6MeHa B KOKCyeMOM caoe (KpHTepHI%I rOMOXPOHHOCTH (Dypbe B HHTerpaJlbHOM BIIJje) noKa3aHO, LITO IIOBbIHIeHHe OTHOCHTeJlbHOI3 cpe,RHeH HHTerpaJIbHOI TeMnepaTypbl CJIOH AOCTaTOqHO fO,14HHHeTCH 3KCHOHeHuHaJIbHON 3aKOHoMepHOCTH peryJIHpHOrO TefJIOBOFO pe}KHMa 1. M. KoH)Ipa- TbeBa. IIpHHHB, LITO B H3yiIaeMOM Hpouecce pacnpeneneHHe 3HeprHH npoHCxo,2HT HO 3aKOxy BoJIbuMaHa npH ycpeJjxeHHOM 3Ha7qeHHH (paKTOpa B'oJIbuMaHa H npH o6o6meHHOM 3HatIeHHH KO3(p4HUHeHTa CKOpO'CTH npouecca (0? MbI COCTaBHJIH aJIH XHMFI~IeC'KOFO npespa- HjeHHH yrJIH (V) KHHeTHqecKOe ypaBHeHHe dT = w. [t (t)] . f (1 - V) = M. ? e RT (T) f (1 - V), (2) McTOJoM TeopHH HHTerpaJlbHor0 noao6HH npeo6pa3osaHHoe B ypaBHeHHe (pyHKI1HOHaJIbHoi3 CB513H V=~P(B.) =~P{ w.[t(T)l?d4, TO (3) I7 C B. eCTb o'606ll eHHbIIi HHTerpaJIbHbIci KHHeTHgeCKHI3 KpfTepHN. O6pa6oTKa no (3) OnbITHbIX , aHHbIX (V) npnBeJIa K CTpOHHbIM napa6oj!HtlecKHM 3aBHCHMOCTHM. PaCCM-OTpeHHe (JH3HIeCKOro CMbICJia KPHTepHH B. C HCHOJIb3O- BaHHeM JjaHHbIX BpeI-ITMaHa noKa3aJio, qTO OH HBJIHeTCH 6e3pa3- MepHbIM Bbipa}KeHHeM 3(p(peKTHBHOI-i pa6OThi aKTHBauHH H onpe- JjeJnHeT co60H CTeIIeHb npeBpaweHHH yrJIH B KOKC, a ero KO3("H- IjHeHT (o, - nepeMeHHOI/ MOMHOCTb!o 3T-OA pa60TbI H onpeae.iaeT HHTCHCHBH'OCTb, KHHeTHKy 3TOr0 npeBpaIIjeHHH, BJIHHH Ha KatIecTBo npOJjyKTOB KOKCOBaHHH. TaKoe o6o6iueHHe OTKpbIBaeT B03MO}KHO- CTH aHaJIH3a peaJlbHOrO npouecca KOKCOBaHHH. YCTaHOBJIeHO, LITo OTHOCHTeJIbHOe yueJlbHoe KOJIH -IeCTBO JIeTytIHX llp'onopUHOHaJIbHo Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 o6o61ueHHOMy K03(j(p1UHeHTy 1 y v - P w, - P+.e RT(T) (4) DTo ypaB'HeHHe n03BOJISIeT onpeJleJISITb o6o6LueHHble 9HeprHH aK- THBauHH peaJlbHoro npo'uecca KOKCOBaHHH OTaeJIbHbIX yrJief I+ IHHXT (E.). O6pa60T2HbI TaK}Ke OIIbITHble JgaHHble H3MeHeHHR (pH3HKO-XII- MHTeCKHX CBOI3CTB CJIOI KaK (pyHKUHH V=*(B.) H BbIIIOJIHe'Hhl COIIOCTaBJIeHHSI pe3yJlbTaTOB no K, T, V, U, B. Heo6XoJIHMo OTMeTHTb, LITO nepBble pe3yJIbTaTbI He Jia1OT HOK 1 OKOHgaTejlbHOro pemeHHSI nOCTaBJIeHHOH 3aaaTIH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 JIlFHHTbI 3AISAPHATbH, HX COCTAB H HYTH HCHOJIb3OBAHI4H A. M. KypHmK0 (Ymcaopoacicuu a ocyaapcreeuuetii yuueepcurer) JIHFHHTbI - pa3HOBH,IIH?OCTb 6ypblX yrJlex - B 3HatIHTeJIbHbIX :KOJintiecrBaX 3aiieraioT B Henpax 3aKapnaTCKOII o6JIaCTH. B He- ?CKOJIbKHX McCTOpO}KJjeHHS1X o6JIaCTH BeJjeTCSI npOMbIIIIJieHHa5i LO- '6bitia HX C n&CJIeJjy}OH.jHM HCnOJIb30BaHHeM B KatieCTBe TOHJIHBa JUST McCTHOi3 npoMbIHIJIeH'HOCTH H B 6bITy. H3-3a BbICOKOrO coaepI ,)KaHHSI BJIarH (35-63%) H 30JIbI (21-45%) JIHrHHTbI HBJIHIOTCA TOnJIHBOM HH3KOKaJIOPHl3HbIM (1300-1800 lcaA). f10 3TOI3 npHtlH- He npe1jcTaBJisieTCSi Ba'}KHbIM H3bICKaHHe HHbIX, 6ojiee paIjHoHaJlb- HbIX nyTeII HcriOJIb3OBaHMSI JIHI'HHTOB. C 3TOR neJIbIO HaMH npoBe- JjeHO H3ytIeHHe XHMHgeCKoro COMM JIH'rHHTOB HecKOJIbKHX McCTO- po KJjeHHI%I: HJIbHH'gKOrO, Kopo.IeBCKOrO, Bepe3HHCKOrO H Y)KP0p0;1- CKOIO; H3ytIeH np'OQjecc rIOJIYKOKCOBaHHH, npOBeJjeHO H3BJietieHHC ,6HTYM-OB, noJlytieHHe ryMaTOB H ryMHHOBbIX KHCJI'OT H3 HHX. IIpH H3ytieHHH 3JIeMeHTapHOrO COMM JIHI'HHTOB HaMH yCTa. HOBJIeHO, iITo co, ep}KaHHe yrJiepoJja (B %) KoJIe6JIeTCH B npe, e- .Jiax 49,1-50,0, Bo,LOpoAa 3,95-4,25, KHCJIOpo1a 19,65-20,56, a3oTa 0,91-1,15 'H cepbl 2,14-3,79 B nepectieTe Ha cyxylo Macey JIHrHHTa. CneKTpaJIbHNM aHaJIH30M yCTaHOBJIeHO coaepxcaHHe B JIHI'HHTaX MHKp03JIeMeHTO'B: Ko6aJIb-ra, Me i$, MapraHIja, BaHaJjHM, BOJIL,#aMa, UH'H,Ka, 6opa, THTaHa, OJIOBa H Jjp.; cozjepx{aHHe HoAa - B KOJIHtieCTBe 1040-1300 a% H Ko6aJIbTa 310-450 e%, KapOTHHa OKOJIO 1,0 Mr%, a ryMHHOBbIX KHCJIOT 12-18% Ha ?cyxylo Maccy. rlpH npoBeAeHHH npoijecca nOJIyKOKCOBaHHH JIHrHHTOB B Jia6o- paTOpHOH peTOp-re eMKOCTb1O 4 A ripli TeMnepaType 550? noJiytienbI cJle.1yloujHe BbIXOJjbI ?npQUyKTOB (B % B nepectieTe Ha cyxoii yroJib) : nOJIYKOKCa 55,0-58,0, nepBH'IHOH cMOJIbI 5,37-5,73, noa- -CMOJIHHOII BOJjbI 14,27-18,31, ra3oB 21,23-21,9 (150-170 ./, ' yrJISI). 30JIbHOCTb rionytieHHoro HOJIYKOKCa 19,9-30,1 %, a TenJIOTBOp- Hasi crloco6HOCTb ero 3730-6373 ica.a. 11pH npOBe1jeHHH CJpaKIjHOHH013 pa3rOHKH nepBHtIHOI3 CMOJIbI HOJlytieHbl BbIXOJjbI 4)paKIUHN (B %) : 1) Ijo 170?- 5,6-5,89; Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 2) 170-230?-19,1-23,1; 3) 230-300?-41,13-52,41: OCTaTOK (neK) - 25,23-26,57. IlepBH Hasl cMoJla coAepxcIIT cpeHOJIOB AO 21 %, napa4 llHa 12 H rsaxxojla 3%. Fa3bI nOJIyKOKCOBaHHSI HMe!OT cJleAyloluHfl COCTaB (B %): cepo- Bo.opoAa 21,7-21,9, ABYOKHCH yrJlepoAa 8,7-13,3, McTaxa 28,3-34,47, HenpeAe.lbHblx yraieBOAOp'oAOB 1,5-1,6, BOuopoAa 5,26-7,8, OKHCH yrJlepoAa 10,85-12,0 KHCJIOpOAa 5,0-5,9, a30Ta 10,4-11,12. TenJIOTBO11HaH CII0006H,OCTb ra3a 3920- 3946 xail. rIPH HCCJIeAOBaHHH 6HTYMHH03HOCTH JIHrHHTOB HaMH yCTaHOB- JIeHO, LITO BbIXOA 6HTYMOB 3aBHCHT 'OT npHMeHHeMbIX paCTB?OpHTe- JIex H HBJIHeTCH MaKCHMaJlbHbIM (B KOJIHgeCTBe 8%) aJIH JIHrHHTa 1'1JIbIHHuK0PO McCTopo>KAeHHH npH npHMeHeHHH B Ka'IeCTBe paCTBO- pHTeJIH 3THJIO'BOr'O CHHpTa H 6eH3OJIa B COOTHIOIIIeHHH 1:1. rIPH O6eCCMOJIHBaHHH CbIpOrO 6HTyMa CMeCbIO McTHJIOBbIfI CfHPT - 6eH30JI B 000THOIIIeHH'HX 10: I BbIXOA 6HTyMa AOCTHraeT 71,4%. rIPH paq)HHHpOBaHH,H 06eccMOJIeHHOPO 6HTyMa XPOMOBbIM aHrnA- pHAOM BbIXOA MOHTaHBOCKa COCTaBJIHeT 90%. TeMnepaTypa nJla'B- JIeHHH noJlylieHH'OPO MOHTa'H'BOOKa no KpaMep-COpHOBy pasha 70,0?; KHCJIOTHoe 4IHCJIO - 120; 34)11pHOe tJHCJIO - 37,4; IHcnm oMb JIeHHH - 157,4. 1'13 06eCCMOJIeHHOPo 6HTyMa BbIAeJIe'HbI TpH BbICIIIHe x{HpHble KHCJIOTbI COMM: C23H4602; 'C25H5002 (rHeHO- Bax), C31H6202 (Me.IH3HHOBaHI). JIHrHHTbI 3aKapnaTbfl cOAepx{aT B CBOeM COCTaBe MHKpO3JIe- McHTbI (HO)J> Ko6aJIbT, I.LHHK, 60p n ap.), KapOTHH H Kca'HTO4cpHJIbI, a TaKxce 3HatIHTeJIbHbIf npOueHT ryMHH-OBbIX KHCJIOT, 1103TOMy OHM SIBJIHK)TCH ueHHbIM opraH'O-MHHepaJlbHbIM TYKOM AJI51 MaJioryMyc- HbIX rlOA3OJIHCTbIX 'fOiIB 3aKapnaTbH H B KaLIeCTBe CTHMVJIHpyIO- II(HX ao6aBOK 'B nnnjeBOfI pauHOH AoMamHefl nTHUbI H CBHHeI. 110- JIOH{HTeJIbHbIfl 3("eKT npH npHMeHeHHH JIHPHHTOB B CeJIbCKOM XO- 35IfiCTBe, nepBH'I'H0 k JInrHHTHOfI CMOJIbI B Ka'-IeCTBe HHCeKTO(pyHrH- cHAa Aim 6opb6bI C BpeAHTe.IHMH ca)oa nojTBepx(AeHO 'OnbITaMH, fPOBe'AeHHbIMH BaXTH,HCKOI3 30HaJlbH'OfI OnbITHOft CeJIbCKOX'03HHCT- BeHHOI1 cTa'H'iHec H Y}KPOpoACKHM OTKOpMOLIHbIM IHyHKTOM TpeCTa CTOJIOBbIX H peCTOpaHOB. (DeH,OJIbHble c4paKUHH nepBHLIHOfI JIHrHHTH,Of1 CMOJIbI o6JIaaaIOT BbICOKHM-H 6aKTepHUHAHbIMH CBOfiCTBaMH, 'ITO n'OATBep>KACHO Hc- cJIeJOBaHHeM, npOBeaeHHbIM MHKp'o6HOJIorHqeCKOII Jla6opaTopnef4 Yxcropoacxoro rOC. yHHBepcnTeTa. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 KoxcosaHHe B neqH I'II'14 yraeli I'2i TC H Hx cMeceli c L o6aBKa- MH OMeCH aHTpageHOiBOPO MacJIa c ineKOBbIM AHCTHJIJIHTOiM, BbPCOKO- TeMIIepaTypHOii rKaMeHHOyroJIbHOIi CMOJIbI H nexa n0?KasaJI0, iiTO npH OrITHMaJIbHbIX A06aBKax MO}KeT 6bITb noJiytIeH KOKC CO 3HatiH- T2JIbHO yBeJIHIIeHHOIi TIPOIIHOCTb1O H npH 9TOM BbIXO,L KOKCa yBeJIH- gIHIBaeTCSI inpOTHIB 013K~Hj(aeMoro no pac eTy -H'3 yr.ix H ao6auxH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 ROJIJIOll HO-XHMHLIECRHE OCHOBbI IIPO1 ECCA OBPA30BAHHSH KAMEHHOYPOJIbHOFO I{OI CA B. A. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 XHMHI{O-I{ATAJIHTHiIECJ HI1 METO)j OKYCKOBAHHH TOHKOH3MEJIb1IEHHbIX IHHXTOBbIX MATEPHAJIOB H. H. Iiananeq, H. H. MeneHTbeB, A. D. Cnopnyc (HnnCruTyT zoprouux ucxonaembix AH CCCP, Mocnea) fIepepa6OTKa 6ej(HbIX }Ke.Ie3HbIX pYJ B aoMeHHbIX netlaX B03- MOM(Ha TOJIbKO noc.ae TIIZaTeJIbHOI'O FIX 06oralll.eHH 1, Tpe6ylou(ero BeCbMa TOHKOFO H3MeJIbt4eHHH j(JISI paCKpbITHSI pyj(HbIX 3epeH. ITpH rJIY6OKOM o6orau(eHHH }KeJIe3HbIX pyA fOJlytlalOTCH TOHKOj(HCnepC- Hble }KeJIe3OpyjlHble KOHueHTpaTbl, COCTOHII(He Ha 80-90% H3 tlacTH1 pa3MepoM Ao 0,06 mm. B 3TOH CBH3H 6oJIbIlloe 3Ha'IeHHe npH06peTalOT BOnpOCbl pa3pa- 60TKH paUHOHaJIbHbIX McTOAOB OKYCKOBBHHH TOHKOH3MeJlbtleHHbIX KOHueHTpaTOB. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 HOBME HPHH]qHHbI OBOPAIAEHHFI TBEPAbIX POPIOxIHX HCROHAEMbIX H I{OMHJIEKCHOTO IICHOJIb3OBAHHJI MHHEPAJIbHbIX KOMHOHEHTOB YrJIEIt A.3.10p0BCKBfi (HItCTuTyr eoprowux uchonaeMbix AH CCCP, Mocicea) B noHHTHe KOMnJleKcHOro HCnOJIb3oBaHH5I TBepAOrO TOHJIHBa (B IHHPOKOM CMbICJIe 3TOrO CJIOBa) HeH36e)KH0 AOJI}KIIbI BXOJIHTb npHH- IUHIIbI pauHOHaJIbHOI3 YTHJIH3auHH MHHepaJIbHbIX KOMnOHeHTOB yrOJIbHOrO BeLueCTBa, npHCyaI,HX TBepabIM ropiotlHM HCKonaeMblM. BOJiee BHHMaTeJIbHoe H3ytIeHHe HeopraHHtleCKHX KOM- nOHeHTOB HcxonaeMblx yrJieik AeJiaeT B IOJIHe 3aKOHHbIM cpaBHeHHe ueHHOCTH opraHHtleCKHX H MHHepaJlbHbIX COCTaBJISIK)HjHX tiacTefI TOHJIHBa. IIpH 3TOM B nePBYIO OtiepeAb 3aCJIy}KHBaeT BHHMaHHH neponeKTHBa yTHJIH3auHH TaKHX MHHepaJlbHbIX KOMHOHeHTOB, KaK aJIIOMHHHft, cepa, THTaH, MOJIH6AeH H peAKHe 3JIeMeHTbI. 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Pe3yJIbTaTbI 9THX pa60T j[aJOT OCHOBaHHH Ct1H- TaTb, tITO McXaHH3M B3aHMOJI,eIJCTBHH CO2 C yrJJeM npOTeKaeT no cJie,r yloigel3 Ha116ojiee BepOHTHOH cxeMe: Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 (b) Q 3 ?=0'-o-~\ (C) R to 17 18 TaKHM o6pa3OM, H3OTOHHbIH McTOA nccJIeAOBaHHH rIOKa3bIBaeT, LITO nPH B3a1MOAeHCTBHH OKHCJIOB yrJlepoja c yrJleM npH BbICOKHX TeMnepaTypax npOTeKaIOT HeCKOJIbKO B3aHMOCBH3aHHbIX napaJl- JIeJIbHbIX H nOCJIeAOBaTeJIbHbIX peaKuHH C 06pa3OBaHHeM Ha nO- BepXHOCTH yrJIH no McHbIIeH Mepe TpeX KOMnJIeKCOB: 1) IHKJIHtIe- CKOrO KOMIIJIeKca, IIpH pacnaae KOTOporO o6pa3yeTCR CO2 H CO (o6paTHaH peaKuHH H peaKUHSI BOCCTaHOBJIeHHcI) HJIH }Ke BbIAeJISIeT- csi yr.nepoA C fOCJIeayIOUJHM o6pa3OBaHHeM CO (peaKuHH o6MeHa) ; 2) nepBHLlHOro JIHHecIHOro KoMnJlexca, npH pacnaae KOTOPOro 06- pa3yK)TC51 TOJIbKO CO2 H CO; 3) BTOpHTIHOI'O JIHIHeiiHor0 KOMnJIeKca THna KeTOrpynnbI, BO3HHKaK)HI.erO B pe3yJIbTaTe pacnaAa nepBHtl- HbIX KOMHJIeKCOB C 06pa3OBaHHeM CO H C HJIH iKe o6pa3ylonLerocH IIPH HenoCpe,TCTBeHHOM B3aHMOAeHCTBHH KHCJIOpOAa c yrJleM. Hpn ero paonaae o6pa3yeTC5I TOJIbKO CO. J1Ba nocJIej[HHX KoM IJlexca npH fPOTeKaHHH peaKU(HH B o6paT- HOM HanpaBJIeHHH COCTaBJTHIOT MexaHH3M Tpex peaxuHH: reTepo- rexxoH peaxuHH o6Mexa yr.nepoAa Mex(Ay CO H CO2, TopMO}{eHHS{ OKHCbIO yrJiepoAa peaxuHH BOCCTaHOBJIeHHH CO2 H OKHCJIeHHH (ropeHHSI) CO B nPHCYTCTBHH TBepaorO TorumBa. B03MO){HO TaK- Ke, 'ITO 9TH aKTHBHble KOMnJI2KCbI CJIy)KaT HPHiIHHOH CpaBHHTeJIbHO JIerKoro OKHCJIeHHH H2, CH4 H KOHBepCHH CH4, CO H ApyrHX ra30B. UMCTOTCH OCHOBaHHR C'IHTaTb, TITO cB060AHble BaJIeHTHOCTH Ha HOBepXHOCTH yrJTH 06yCJIOBJIHBaIOT o6pa30BaHHe He TOJIbKO KHCJIO- POAHbIX K0MnJIeKC0B, HO TaK Ke H rHApOKCHJIbHbIX, BOAOPOAHbIX H ,apyrHX aKTHBHbIX npOMex{yTOT-IHbIX coeAHHeHHH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 OB OCHOBHbIX 3AROHOMEPHOCTfIX HPOLIECCA HOA3EMHOf1 PA3WDHI AI III YIJIEft H. B. 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B OTJIHLIHe OT ra3HIpHKaIIHH CJIOH TOHJIHBa B Ha3eMHbIX r'a3oreHepaTOpax HpH II0Jj3eMH01I ra3HIpHKauHH yrJre i fOSHBJIHeTCSI pHJj HOBbIX HpHHuHHHaJibHbIX oco6eHHOCTeII: 1) OTCyTCTByeT JjBH}KeHHe TOHJIHBa; BblropaHHe yrOJIbHOrO HJIaCTa HpOHCXOJjHT B pe3yJlbTaTe HepeMeH eHHH oTlara ropeHHSI, BMeCTe 'C KOTOPbIM HPOCTpaHCTBeHHO nepeMeLgalOTCH 3OHbI HOJj3eM- HOrO ra3oreHepaTOpa. 2) OTCYTCTByIOT ra30HerpOHHuaeMbie CTeHKH. PeaKUHOHHb1Ii KaHaJI HenocpeJICTBeHHo rpaHHLIHT C 3anacaMH yrnlx, noJ .ile}KaMHM1I ra3H(lHKauHH; BCJIe,L CTBHe 3TOT0 yrOJIb M0)KeT Ho,l BepraTbCSI pa3- JIHLIHOTO BHJIa TepMHgeCKOII o6pa60TKe Ha onpeJ1eJieHHyIo rJIy6HHy. 3) B HOJj3eMHbIII ra3oreHepaTOp MOryT HpOHHKaTb rpyHTOBble BOJIbI. 4) PeaKUHOHHbIH KaHaji ConpHKacaeTc5l C MHHepaJlbHbrMH nO- poaaMH (KpoBJIH H naTIKH HJIB'CTa, HpOHJIaCTKH rIOpQJjbI, 3OJia n IluiaKH). 5) PaCCTOSIHHSI Me%Jjy CKBa3KHHBMH HO yrJIIO BO MHOrO pas npeBbIIHaIOT Heo6XOJIHMyIO JLJIHHy peaKuHOHHbIX 30H. HpH noJiyo6paweHHOM ripouecce B HOJj3eMHOM ra3oreHepaTOpe rIOCTynJIeHHe BOJIHHbIX napoB H JIeTygHX BeLueCTB npOHCXOJjHT BO BCe peaKIIHOHHbie 30HbI. HO gJIHHe peaKUHOHHoro KaHaJia pa3Me- LuaJoTCSI TPH OCHOBHble 3OHbI: 3oHa OKHCJIHTeJIbHbIX peaKlHII, 30Ha BOCCTaHOBHTeJIbHbIX peaKLHII H 30Ha KOHBepCHH. nepneHjuiKyJISIpHO K jBH}KeHHio ra30Boro HOTOKa paCHOJlaraeT- CSI 30Ha HOJJFOTOBKH TOHJIHBa. OCO6e'HHOCTbIO JIHHaMHKH ra3006- pa30BaHHH B HOJ13eMHOM ra3oreHepaTOpe ABJIHeTCSI pa3BHTHe 06'b- eMHbIX,peaKLH1I ropeHHH 'H reTeporeHHbIX KaTaJIHTHLIeCKHX peaKunll KOHBOpCHH OKHCH yrJieporia H J1eTytlHX BeujeCTB (B OCHOBHOM Me- TaHa) BO,g$IHbIMH HapaMH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 RJIACCn(I 1H AIIHH I{AMEHHbIX YTJIEH HO CI{JIOHHOCTH R OIilICJIEHHIO H CAMOB03I'OPAHHIO B. D. 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MoryT H3MeHHTb XapaK- Tep, HHTeHCHBHOCTb H Jjaxce HanpaBJieHHe Ba}KHeiili1Hx npoueCCOa, upOTeKaioHjHx ripH o6yrJlepoxcHBaHHH yrJIH, HapyHlau 3aKOHoMep- Hbre COOTHOHIeHHH COCTaBa H CBOiiCTB JIHO(IJHJIbHOcI H o6yrJIepo)KeH HOII LIaCTeii yrOJIbHbIX MHueJIJi, XapaKTepHble KJi5i KaHHoro McCTO- poxcJjeHHx. B pe3yJlbTaTe yrJIH MoryT HMeTb 6oJiee HH3KyI0 HJIH 6o,nee BbICOKy!O TeMnepaTypy Bo3ropaHH5I, He COOTBeTCTByK)ujyfo KoJIH4ecTBy H COCTaBy HX JIHO(JHJIbHOIi 'lacTH. B riepaoM cniyqae yrJIH o6Hapy}KaT 66JIbIIlyIO CKJIOHHOCTb K CaMOBO3rOpaHHIO, BO BTOpOM cJiyqae - McHbnly!o. IZOCTpOHB HopMaJIbHoe, HaH6ojlee Bepo5ITHoe, pacnpeueJleHHe TeMnepaTyp B031-0paHHH B npeKjeJlax KHarpaMMbI, XapaKTepH3yiomel-i COCTMB JIH4HJIbHOii xiacTH yrJISI, onpeKeJlRloujero CKJIOHHOCTb er0 K OKHCJIeHHIO, MO}KHO KJIaccH()H? IHpOBaTb yrJIH rIO CKJIOHHOCTH H caMOB03rOpaHrHIO. ICCJIeKoBaHHe aOHeUKHX yr.PeI3 IIOKa3bIBaeT, 'ITO y 66% HCCJIe- KOBaHHbIX yrJieii KJIacCbI no CKJIOHHOCTH 'K OKHCJIeHHIO H CaMOB03rO-? paHHIO COBnaKalOT; 34% JgOHeIKHX yrJleli n0 CKJIOHHOCTH K OKHCJIe- HHIO H CaMOBO3rOpaHHIO aOJI)KHbi 6bITb OTHeCeHbI K pa3HbIM KJIac- caM. Pe3yJIbTaTbl KJIaCCH(~HKafHH yrJieii no CKJIOHHOCTH K OKHCJIe- HHIO H CaMOB03ropaHHK) 6bIJIH ConOCTaBJIeHbI C OnbITHbJMH aaH- HbIMH, noJIyTIeHHbIMH MaI(HIAI4, H nOKa3aJIH BeCbMa xopoiuee cor.nacne, a B psiJje c.nyxiaeB T103BOJIHJIH 06,bHCHHTb aHOMaJlbHOe noneJjeHHe yr.leii, o6Hapy}KHBaiorgHx rioBbIII1 HHy}O CKJIOHHOCTb K caMOHarpeaaHHl0, HO He CaMOBO3ropaIOigHXC5i. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 O HPOIIECCE rA300BPA30BAHH}I HPH rA3H4)H AIAI4l TBEPRbIX TOHJIYIB HOR BbICOKHM AABJIEHHEM B. C. AnbTmynep, r. A. 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TepMOAHHaMHLIeCKH 3T0 BHOJIHe o60CHOBaHHO, LITO nOATBep)KAaeTCR pe3yJIbTaTaMH CneUHaJIbHbIX TepMOAHHaMHLIeCKHX Hcc.IeAOBaHH1, B TOM LIHCJIe H HauIHX, BbInOJIHeHHbIX Aim AaBJIeHHII Ao 300 ant H pa3HbIX COCTaBOB AYTbH (napoBOe, HapOKHCJIOpoAHOe, napOBO3AyIUHOe, BoAopoAHoe). OAHaKO Ham 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHble HCcJIeAOBaHHR noKa3aJIH HenOJIHOTy H HeAOCTaTOLIHOCTb npHBeAeH- HOIO 06'b5TCHeHHH. C H3MeHeHHeM aaBJIeHHR MeH IeTC I pOJIb npouecca TepMHLIeCKO- ro pa3JIO)KeHH5i npH ra3H(pHKaUHH HaTypaJlbHbIX TOHJIHB, LITO o6ycnoB.neHo H3MeHeHHeM TpeX OCHOBHbIX 4)aKTOpOB: CO6CTBeHHO AaBJIeHHR, BpeMeHH npe6bIBaHHSI npoAyKTOB B annapaTe H COCTaBa ra30BOA cpeJIbI. COBMeCTHOe Ae 1CTBHe yKa3aHHbIX (paKTOpOB rlpH- BOAHT K TOMy, LITO npH ra3H'(~HKauHH nOA AaBJIeHHeM Ha6JIK)AaIOTCR pOCT BbIXOAa H TenJIOTBOpHOCTH ra3a, yBeJIHLIeHHe JIerKHX q)paKUHN B cMOJIe npH npaKTHLIeCKOM nOCTO IHCTBe ee BbIxoaa H HeKOTOpoe yMeHbIHeHHe BbIXOAa nOJIyKOKca. C pOCTOM AaBJIeHHR yBeJIHLIHBaeT- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 CH AOJIH nOTeHuHajIbxoro TenJla, nepeXOAHIuero B ra3 B 3OHe noJIy- KOKCOBaHHH. DKCnepHMeHTaJIbHo 6bIJIH H3y'ieHbl TaK}Ke peaKUHH CHHTe3a McTaHa, B03M0}KHble B VCJIOBHHX ra3HCJHKauHH HOA BbICOKHM gaBJie- HHeM. BbIJI yCTaHOBJIeH CpaKT 3HaLIHTeJIbHOFO o6pa3OBaHH51 meTaHa nyTeM npHMOrO rHApHpOBaHHH yrJiepoAa HpII BbICOKHX TeMnepaTy- pax H z aBJIeHHHX, OTKpbIBaK)HHI3 HOBble B03MO}KHOCTH HCHOJIb3oBa- HHH BbICOKHX AaBJIeHHl3 B ra3oreHepaTOpHoI3 TeXHHKe. flpOBeAeHO 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHOe nccJIeAOBaHHe BJIHHHHH AaBJie- HHH Ha npouecc ra30o6pa3oBaHHH B KHCJIOpOAHOIi 30He, noKa3aB- IHee HeH3MeHHOCTb 3AeCb McXaHH3Ma npouecca H pOCT KOJIHLIeCTBa nOTpe6JIHeMOro KHCJiopoaa C yBeJIHLIeHHeM AaBJIeHHH. I'ICCJIeAOBaHHH no f0Jly'ieHHIO H0A AaBJIeHHeM ra3a, npHrOAHOrO AJIH XHMHgeCKHX CHHTe3OB, MbI npOBOAHJIH B HanpaBJIeHHH BbIHBJIe- HHH YCJI0BH13 MHHHMaJIbHOrO o6pa3oBaHHH meTaHa npH 3aAaHHOM COOTHolueHHII OKHCH yrJiepoAa H BOAOpoAa. OnbITaMH nOKa3aHa BO3MO}KHOCTb noJlygeHHH noA AaBJIeHHeM ra3a c Heo6xoAHMbIM COOTHOHIeHHeM B HeM aKTHBHbIX KOMnOHeH- TOB. aJIH Ka)KAOP0 He06XoAHMoro AaBJIeHHH H 3aaaHHOro 000THO- HIeHHH aKTHBHbIX KOMHOHeHTOB Tpe6yeTC51 CBOH OnTHMaJIbHbII3 CO- CTaB AyTbH. PaAHKaJIbHbIM McT0A0M B03AeIiCTBH51 Ha o6pa30BaHHe meTaHa B yCJIOBHHX ra3Hq)HKaIIHH TOHJIHB noA AaBJIeHHeM HBJIHeTCH H3Me- HeHHe COCTaBa ra30BOR CMecH, n0CTynai0IgeIf B 30Hy BOCcTaHOBH- TeJIbHbIX peaKUH11. I'IccJleAOBaHHe ycJIOBHI3, cnoco6CTByIOnLHx npOTexaHH1O peaKUHH KOHBepcHH McTana, y}Ke o6pa3oBaBIHerocf npH ra3HC1HKauHH TBep- AbIX TOnJIHB rIOA BbICOKHM AaBJIeHHeM, fOKa3aJIo MaJiyio 34CpeKTHB- HOCTb HCnOJIb3oBaHHH 3TOI3 peaKuHH B HPHCyTCTBHH yrJIH AJISI CHH- ?KeHHH coAep}KaHHH meTaHa B ra3e. I'I3y,IeHHH npOTeKaHHH peaKIHH CH4 + H2O B npHCyrCTBHH He)3TpaJIbHOIi HacaAKH nOKa3ajiO BO3MO}KHOCTb aOCTH>KeHHH npaK- THYeCKH HOJIHOII KOHBepCHH meTaHa rIOJI. BbICOKHM AaBJIeHHeM npH TeMnepaTypax nopu xa 1100', npH4eM KOHUeHTpaIIHH McTaHa B HCXOAHOM ra3e He BJIHHeT Ha CKOpOCTb npouecca. PeryJJHpoBaHHe coAep}KaHHH meTaHa B ra3e, noJlyliaeMoM npH ra3H4)HKarHH TOHJIHB n0A AaBJIeHHeM, ueJlecoo6pa3Ho ocylge- CTBJIHTb B OTAeJIbHOM annapaTe c HeIiTpaJlbHOII HaCaAKOR, LLTO XOpOnlo yB513bIBaeTC5i C OCHOBHbIM TeXHOJIOrHtieCKHM npOueCCOM H 11O3BOJI5ieT nOBbICHTb 3Cp eKTHBHOCTb Bcero npOH3BOACTBa ra3a. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 K BOHPOCY 0 CHEKAEMOCTH YFJIEII A. A.Pyc11 en (Xu.x.uno-rex7to.4oeu'Lecxuu uucruryr, Cof IR, 13oa'apun) B HanpaBJIefIHH yCTaHOBJIeHHH CyIII,HDCTH CneKaHHS1 H 06pa3o- BaxHH KOKCa pa60TaJIH MHorne HCCJIe,i[OBaTeJIH. 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B.oJIbLHOe 3Ha 4eHHe npil- o6peTaeT KJIaCCH(pHKaUHSI Ha 3TOII OCHOBe B TeX CJiyuaslX, KorAa Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 ApyrHMH McTgr[aMH OHa 3aTpyJjHHTeJIbHa. aJISI 3TOII ueJIH B 6ypbix H BbIBeTpHBHIHXCSI KaMeHHbIX yrJIHX Heo6xoJ[HMo aHaJIH3HpOBaTb BbIAeJIAeMble H3 HHX ryMHHOBble KHCJIOTbI, B HeoxHCJIeHHbIX H CJIa- 600KHCJIeHHbIX KaMeHHbIX, a TaK}Ke nepexo HbIX 6ypblX - BbIAe- JIeHHble M$IrKHM OKHCJIeHHeM nepeKHCbIO BoAopoAa. TaK, n0 BbI- XOAy, OIITHqeCKOII UJIOTHOCTH H nopory KoaryJISiuHH HZejIogHbIX paCTBOpOB ryMHHOBbIX KHCJIOT MO}KHO OTJIHT-IHTb 6ypble yrJIH OT BbIBeTpHBHIHXCH KaMeHHbIX, HepexOAHble 6ypble - OT HH3KOMeTa- MOpCpH30BaHHbIX H ciao OKHCJIeHHbIX McTaMOpCpH30BaHHbIX Ka- McHHbIX. HO OCTaTKy OT 3KCTpaKIj1H 6eH30JIOM H HueJIOtIbio CHJIbHO OKHCJIeHHOII npO6bl KaMeHHbIX yrJIeII, OT06paHHOII Ha HOBepXHOCTII, MO}KHO onpeAeJIHTb Mapxy yrJIH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 O HPOT14BOPEIIHHX B TOJIKOBAHHH YCJIOBHI1 OBPA3OBAHH}I BYPbIX H HAMEHHbIX YrJIEf L. T.3a6pamabiI (XuMuuecKuu unCTuTyT Y3CCP, Tauixe,T) 3aKOHOMepHoe yMeHbIIIeHHe cojjepxcaHHSi KHCJIopo)ja, Boj(OpoJja H BbIXOjja JIeTyTIHX BeujeCTB H BO3paCTaHHe couepxcaHHSI yrile- pojja npH nepexo e OT TOP(1)a K 6ypblM yrJISIM, a 3aTeM K KaMell- HbIM yrJISIM H allTpaUHTaM HO3BOJIHJIH nOCTaBHTb HX B OjjHH p5ljj H CLIHTaTb ero eJ[HHbIM reHeTHqeCKHM pSiJZOM ryMYCOBbIX yrJle3l. ,apyrHe CBOFICTBa, B LIaCTHOCTH CnexaeMOCTb H yJZeJlbHbII-i BeC, Me- HSIK)TCSi no KPHBOI3 C MaKCHMyMOM HJIH MHHIIMyMOM B o6JaCTH Fa3OBbIX H x{HPHbIX yrJleH. O6fuenpHHSITO CIHTaTb, LITO nepexoJj yrjlei OT OJ[HOII CTa,L111II yrJle(~HKauHH K apyrofl cOBepHIaJICSI nOJ1 BJIHSIHHeM TeMnepaTypbI H JZaBJIeHHSI HJIH, KaK rOBOP IT reojiorH, nojj BJIHHHHeM RHarelle3a H McTaMOp(n143Ma. CTpyKTypHble H3MeHeHHH npH MCTaMOPlJH3Me 3aKJIIO,4a}OTCSI B oTUjenjleHHH TePMHqeCKH McHee yCTOIILIHBbIX aTOMHbIX rpynri 113 60KOBbIX uenell. FIpH 9TOM Oj[HOBpeMeHHO B03paCTaeT CTenellb apoMaTH,Iecxoi KOHJjeHcaIjHH H nPOHCXOJ[HT ynopsuJ.o'-IeHHe B3aHM- Horo paCHOJION{eHHR nJIOCKHX ceTOK, KOTOpOe npHBOJjHT K x{eCTKOII CTpyKType, o6JlaJIaloujeli Xyj[HIeH cneKaeMOCTbIO. B COOTBeTCTBHH C 3THM BPsljj JIH MO)KHO roBOpHTb, TITO pa60TbI HO yJIbTpaTOHKOH cTpyKType yrJIecl nOjuTBepx{AaIOT B03M04{HOCTb H3MeHeHH5I cneKae- MOCTH yrJlefl B reHeTHLIecKOM P.9,jy no KpHBOii, TeM 6OJIee, LITO yrJIH SIBJIHIOTCSI noJIHMepaMH, a cnexaeMOCTb noJIHMePOB nOR BJIHHHHeM BbICOKHX TeMnepaTyp H JZaBJIeHHfl MO}KCT TOJIbKO yxyJlluaTbCSI. IIO HaHIHM npe$CTaBJIeHH5M npOTHBope'IHSI BO B3rJISIAaX o6-bSIC- HSSK)TCSI HeJjooueHKOn BJIHSIHHSI OKHCJIHTeJIbHbIX npoueCCOB, KOTO- pble BJIHHJIII Ha XapaKTep npeBpan eHHSI yrJIefl He McHbule, LICM McTaMop(JH3M. I4CKyCCTBeHHaSI yrJle(I)HKauHSI npH 325? B TexieHHe 150 uacoB noKa3aJIa (CM. Ta6JI. 1), LITO Top(p nepeuleJi B CTaJIHK) ra3OBbIX yrJIer-I (ec.IH 0 CTenenIH yroe(JHKauH CYAHTb no BbIXOJ[y JIeTy4HX BeujeCTB), a yrJIH MaPOK A H II)K- B CTajjHIO KOKCOBbIX. I-IOJIy- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 g4eHHbie npOAyKTbI H3 TOp(#)a H yriisl MapKH U AaBa.nH nopoulKO- o6pa3Hblfi KOKCOBbII-i OCTaTOK, a CneKaeMOCTb yrJ)A I-I)K CHH3HJIacb 3a 96 qacoB c 20 Ao 12,3 eAHHHubI (no McTOAy I4FI4). Ta6uHua 1 Yrne4 HKaI HH B axa9po6Hblx yc.nonHAx (B %) HCXOAHbIH Yrne4)HuHpo- BaHHbI i . FHApOreHH3auHSI yrJISI MapKH a npH 320? B npHCyTCTBHH KaTa- JIH3aTopa MoS3 r103BOJIHJIa 4epe3 4 'iaca IIOJIyl-IHTb npOJ.(yKT, KO- TOpbn3 npH THreJIbHOM KOKCOBaHHH Aasa.n criji JIeHHbII-I, cneK- IUHI3CH, BCny4eHHblfI oCTaTOK. IIpH HCKYCCTBeHHOfi yrJleq)HKauHH erO B a3po6HbIX YCJIOBHHX B TeileHHe 9 qacoB npH 325? H B ana3po6HbIX YCJIOBH51X B TeileHHe 7 qacoa npH 360? noJly'HJIHCb npOZ[yKTbI, KOTOpble no BCeM nO- Ka3aTeJIAM 6bIJIH HAeHTHLIHbI B nePBOM c.nyqae yrJIHM CTeneHH yrJle(4HKauHH II)K H BO BTOPOM CJiyqae yrJIHM K (cM. Ta6JI. 2). 14CXOAHbIH . . . . r HAPHPOBaHHbIH . . as T 7 H N 0.S F T 42,6 53,1 XapaKTep KOKCOBOrO KOpOJIbKa CJIHRIDHIICH 77,8 Cn.nasneHHb-H, cnex- mHHcH, BCnyLIeHHbt 81,7 CnnaBneHHbIH, cneK- WHHcx 83,6 CneKWHHCH, cepe6pnc- TbiH 85,5 .Q W. V T Pa3AeJIeHHeM MHKpOKOMHOHeHTOB rpynnbl BHTpeHa yr iefl pa3JIHLIHbIX MapKK B TSI}KeJlbIX )KHAKOCTHX no yaeJIhHOMY Becy no- JIytIaIOTCSI npOAYKTbI pa3JIHLIHOfi CTeneHH noJIHKOHAeHcaUUHH, KaK Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO49200450001-6 31 npH pa3AeJieHHH JII06bIX nojnHMepOB. 3TH (ppaKuHH r103BOJISI10T CyAHTb 0 XapaKTepe Hx npespauxeHHH B npouecce yrJle()HKaILHH. EOJIee TH}KeJIble (ppaKLHH )jJIHHHOnJIaMeHHbIX yr iei AaIOT McHb- WHH BbIXOJ1 JIeTyIqHx BemecTB H o6JIa1[am0T xyJLLUeg cnexaeMOCTblO. CJIe1[oBaTeJIbxo, H B npHpoAHbIX yCJIOBHSIX, KorJ[a nOA BJIHSIHHeM McTaMOp4JH3Ma UOBblmaJI2Cb cTenenb noJIHKOHAexcaUHH, cnexae- MOCTb yrJief MapKH A yxyALUaJlacb, a He ynyiIuaJiacb, KaK 3TO npHHBTO CKHTaTb. Ha3peJla He06XOAHMOCTb OpraHH30BaTb nIHpOKHfi o6MeH MHe- HHSIMH AJISI npHBe.eHHH npeAcTaBJIeHHH o6 yrJleo6pa30BaTeJlbHOM npouecce B COOTBeTCTBHe C HaKOnHBLUHMCSI 60raTbIM (paKTHqeCKHM MaTepHaJioM, a TaK}Ke yfOpSIAOLIHTb cyiueCTByIOUZyIO TepMHHOJIO- rHiO, KOTOpaSi AOJDKHa OCHOBbIBaTbCSI He TOJIbKO Ha reOJlormeCKHX, HO H Ha XHMH4eCKHX npeACTaBJIeHHHX. Cyu1eCTBy1oLuai TepMHHO- JIOrHSi C03AaeT 6omlbiune TpyAHOCTH npH H3ytIeHHH reHe3nca yrJie}i. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 HOME AAHHbIE 0 CTPYKTYPE BbICOKOMOJIEICYJIFIPHbIX YPJIEBOROPOAOB HE DTH C. P.CeprHeHxo, E.B.Jle6egeB, A.A.MHXHOBCxaa (Hucruryr ue(firu AH CCCP, MocKea) fIpOBeJjeHbl HCCJIeJJOBaHHSH BbICOKOMOJIeKyJISIpHbIX yrJIeBOJjo- pOJjOB He4JT'H, He nOJjBepraBHIHXCH B03,gefCTBHIO BbICOKHX TeMne- paTyp. f1oKa3aHO, tITO 3aMeTHble XHMHgeCKHe H3MeHeHH51 BbICOKOMO- JIeKyJISIpHOR yr.neBOJCOpouxoil tla-CTH HeC&TH npH aJIHTeJIbHOM Ha- rpeBaHHH o6HapyxcHBaIOTC5i npH TeMnepaType 300? H BbIIHe. hIo- 3TOMy OTI'OHKy JIerKHX H CpeJjHHX tIaCTeli He??TH (BbIKHnaK)Hjnx Jj0 325-350?) npoH3BOJ[HJIH npH TeMnepaType 215-250?. Pa3Jjc.ie- HHe H JjH(4epeHuHauHlo BbICOKOMOJIeKyJISIp'HOIi tTaCTH He4 TH OCy- HjeCTBJIHJIH C HOMOHjbIO T2KHX McTOJ[OB, KaK XpOMaTOrpa4JHSI, MO- JIeKyJISIpHaSI neperoHKa, KOMnJIeKcoo6pa3oBaHHe C Kap6aMIIJj0M, JjeACTBHe CeJIeKTHBHbIX paCTBOpHTe.Ieli. 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Cpe,uH apoMaTHIIeCKHX CTpyKTypHbIX 3BeHbeB B MOJIeKyJ1aX BbIcoKOMOJIeKyJISIpIIbIX yr.neBOAopoAoB HCCJIeJIOBaHHbIX He(])TeH npeo6Jia,aaloT Ha(JTaJIHHOBble H 6eH3oJIbHble AApa; nOJIHuHKJIHIIe- CKHC KOHJjeHCHpOBaHHble apoMaTMtIeCKHe CTpyKTypbl B IICCJiejjo- BaHHbIX CbIpbIX He(1)T5IX npuCyTCTBOBaJIH JIHIIIb B He3IIagHTe.1IbHbIX KOJIHIIeCTBaX HJIH }Ke COBCeM He 6bIJIH BbIJI,eJIeHbI. COOTHOHIeHHe pa3JIHIIHbIX rpynn BbICOKOMOJIeKyJlHpHbIX yrJie- BO,'jopO.aOB 14 HX cTpyKTypHO-rpynnoBasl xapaKTepncTIlKa npHBe- J[ellbl B Ta6JIHue. T7apa)HHOBble n uxKnonapa- C4nnoBbte . . . . . . . I'oMo.norl 6el l3o la (MU,A) * FOMOnorth Ha4TanHHa (KBUA)** . . . . . . Aoim cpeAH BbICOKOMO- neKyJ1Ip- Hblx yrJie- BOAOpOAOB, 38-50 14-25 apoMarH- 9eCKHX 0,3-2,5 2-3 0 0,8-1,5 0 s ax r 0 x o yam a ~- x 10s O u av ro r 56-92 50-64 * ML[A - M0H0uHKnH4ecKasl apoMaTHKa. KBUA-KOHAeHCHpoBaHHa5 6HnHKnHneCKaa apoMaTHKa. 8-44 16-30 0 16-24 Cpe/7II BbICOKOMOJIeKyJInpIIbIX FOMOJIOrOB 6eII3OJIa npeo6Jla- JZaIOT TpeX3aMeIueHHble; AH- II MOII03aMeI.ueHHble II HCyTCTBy1OT B He6oJIbuInx KOJIIIIICCTBax. 3aMeCTHTeJIH B 6eH30JIbHOM KOJIbue Tpex3aMemeHHbIX rOMOJIOrOB 6eH3oJIa HaXOJISITCH FJIaBHbIM o6pa- 30M, B no.no}KeHHSIx 1, 3, 5, n 1, 2, 4. McTO,a 14361IpaTeJIbHOH KaTaJIHTHgIeCKOH Jgerij(poreHH3auu1 H03BOJIHJI yCTaHOBHTb, IITO COOTHOIHeHHe nHTH- H HIeCTHIIJIeHHbIX KOJI7eu KOJIe6JIeTCSI npH6JIH3HTeJIbHO B npeae.nax 2 : 3 - 1 : 1. -7 11OKa3aHO, IITO npH ,1 JIHTeJIbHOM HarpeBaHHH BbICOKOMoJIeKy- .JIIIPHbIX ap0MaTHIIeCKHX yrJIeBOAOPOROB He(JTli npH 300-350? o6- pa3yeTCH 3HaIIHTeJIbHOe KOJIHqeCTBO noJIHuHKJIHIIeCKHX KOHjjeHCH- ;pOBaHHbIX apoMaTHIieCKHX CTpyKTyp. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 CepHHCTble COeJ(HHeHHSI KOHIjeHTpHpyIOTCH BMeCTe c apoMaTH- 4ieCKHMH yr.meBoaopollaMH C KOHJ[eHCHpOBaHHbIMH q;ipaMH, qTo yKa3bIBaeT Ha CTpyKTypHyIO 6JIH30CTb xX C 9TOfi rpynnoH yrJleBo- AOpOJZOB. flo.nygeHHble 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHble JIaHHbre CBHJ[eTeJIbCTByIOT O TOM, qTO CyIUeCTByeT TeCHasi reHeTHLIeCKaH CB5I3b Me Uy BbICO- KOMOJIeKyaISIpHbIMH apoMaTHqeCKHMH yrJleso1[opoaaMH H reTepo- opraHH'qeCKHMH COe,IUHHeHHHMH (cepaopraHHgecxxe CoeaHHeHHH, CMOJIbI, ac(PaJIbTeHbl) BbICOKOMOJIeKyJISIpHOH qaCTH He4)rH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 HAY'IHME OCHOBbI CHHTE3A AJIHI-IJI- H APIIIJI(DEHOJIbHbIX HPHCAAOH If MHHEPAJIbHbIM MACJIAM H MOTOPHbIM TOIIJIHBAM B. H. HcaryJHHI, B. H. 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CHCTeMaTHLIeCKHe HccJIeAOBaHHSI B o6JIaCTII CHHTe3a H H3yLIe- HHH CBOI1CTB 3aMeLueHHbIX 4)eHOJIOB nOKa3aJIH BO3MO}KHOCTb HC- fOJIb3OBaHHH HX B KaLIeCTBe HCXOAHbIX BeLuecTB uA5i CHHTe3a npH- CaAOK H yCTaHOBJIeHHSI CB93H MewxLy CTpOeHHeM noCJIeAHHX H HX CBOI3CTBaMH. 3TO HanpaBJICHHe HBJISIeTCH OAHHM H3 HaH6oaiee Ba)KHbIX. 3aMeHLeHHbie q)eHOJIbI, KaK TaKOBble, o6JIaaaIOT MaJIOI1 a("eK- THBHOCTbIO B CMbICJie yJIYLIIHeHHSI CBOI%ICTB MaceJI. IIOJIyLIeHHbie Ha OCHOBe 3aMeIIZeHHbIX (peHOJIOB CepaopraHHIieCKHe H (pocc~opopra- HHLIeCKHe COeAHHeHHSI npeACTaBJIHIOT co6oH 34 eKTHBHbie npH- CaAKH. B HaCTOHweYI pa60Te BnepBble 6bIJI CHCTeMaTHLIeCKH HccJleAo- BaH CHHTe3 cepa- H (poc(popopraHHLieCKHX CoeAHHeHHii Ha OCHOBe 3aMeiueHHbIX ()eHOJIOB. KpoMe pa3pa6oTKH McTOAOB fOJIy4IeHH5I 3aMeLILeHHbIX 4)eHOJIOB Ha 6a3e He4)TSIHOrO CbIpbSI, CHHTe3HPOBaHO 6o.nbLHOe KOJIHL(eCTBO CyJib(()H)XOB, AHCYJIb(4HAOB H nOJIHCYJIb(4HA0B 3aMeIL[eHHbIX 4)eHOJIOB H Ha HX OCHOBe - AH9(1)HPOB AHTH4040p- HOI3 KHCJIOTbI. COJIH HX npeJCTaBJIIK)T CO60x coeAHHeHHH, XOpOIIIO paCTBOPHMbie B MHHepaJIbHbIX Macflax H fPH ao6as- JIeHHH K MaCJIaM npuaioiu a HM BbICOKyIO TepMOOKHCJIHTeJIbHY1O CTa6HJIbHOCTb, AHCneprxpyloiILHe (MOK)mHe),. AenpeccaHTHbie, a iTHKOpP03'HfIHbie GBOI3CTBa; OHH npe2LomBpaIgaIOT TaK)Ke JIaKOO6- pa3oBaHHe. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 B pe3yJlbTaTe 06061ueHHSI AaHHbIX 60JIbIHOFO 3KCnepHMeHTaJIb- HOPO MaTepHaJia BbISIBHJIaCb BO3MO)KHOCTb CHHTe3a npHcaAOK C 3aAaIIHbIMH CBOIICTBaMH H 3aJIO]KeHbI HaygHble OCHOBbI CHHTe3a HpHCaJIOK K MaCJIaM. MexaHII3M JjeIICTBHH MHOFO4JyHKUHOHaJIbHbIX IipHcaJLOK OTIeHb cJIo)KeH. B HaCTOSILuee BpeMH BbIHBJIeHO JIHIUb BJIHSIHHe OTAeJIbHbIX (pyHKUHOHaJIbHbIX rpynn Ha OTJjeJIbHble CBOII- CTBa Macea. 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IIpeAJio}KeH HOBbIII 06111HIt McTOJj nOJIy'eHH51 3aMenjeHHbIX (peHO- JIOB, KOTOpbIII H03BOJISIeT CO3AaTb HenpepbIBHbIIt npouecc HPH KO- JIHTIeCTBeHHOM npeBpaLueHIi (~eHOJia H OJie(i)HHOB B HPHCYTCTBHH KaTHOH006MeHHbIX CMOJI. Pe3yJlbTaTbl npOBeAeHHbIX HCCJIeAOBaHHII HcnOJIb30BaHbI B HpO- MbIInJIeHHOCTH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 AEFIAPOFEHI43AIRHfI IIEHTAMETHJIEHOBMIX YFJIEBOROPOAOB B IIPI?ICYTCTBHH HJIATHHHPOBAHHOPO YrJIH T. H. HapMmx$Ha, H. H. Myfic:H (HUCTUT f,T opaauuuecicou xuacuu um. H. J. 3ercuucxoeo AH CCCP, Moc,ea) ,aerHJI.poreHH3auHSI yrJIeBOAopOAOB uHKJIOneHTaHoBoro p%,aa noJ[ BJIHHHHeM IIJIaTHHOBOrO KaTaJIH3aTOpa BbI3bIBaeT HHTepeC npHHIUfnHaJIbHoro xapaKTepa. 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B 3TOM CJIyqae, TaK we KaK H npH AerHApHpoBaHHH UHKJIO- neHTaHa, B npOAYKTBX peaKUHH npHCyTCTByJOT HSITHTIJIeHHbIC UHKJIeHbI. YcneUJHoe nPOTeKaHHe peaKUHH AerHAPOreHH3auHH nxTH'IJ1eH- HbIX UHKJIBHOB o6ecnegHBaeTc5I He TOJIbKO npHMeHeHHeM 344eK- THBHOro KaTaJIH3aTopa, HO H HCHOJIb3OBaHHeM yMeHbineHHOrO AaB- JIeHHSI, r103BOJI5IIOIUero pe3KO COKpaTHTb COnyTCTByIOm.He npOIZeCCbI, B qaCTHOCTH, fOJIHMePH3aUHK) o6pa3yIOLUHxc5I UHKJIOAHeHOB. rIOCKOJIbKy CTPYKTypa n5ITHtIJIeHHbIX UHKJIBHOB He cooTBeTCT- ByeT CeKCTeTHO11 M?ooeJIH HJIaTHHOBOrO KaTaJIH3aTOpa, cJIeAyeT npeAHOJIOx{HTb, LITO AerHApHpOBaHHe 3THX yrJIeBOAOpOAOB Ha nJIa- THHOBOM KaTaJIH3aTOpe, TaK we KaK H Ha OKHCHbIX KaTaJIH3aTopax, npOTeKaeT no pe6epHOMy MexaHH3My. HeKOTOpbIM noATBepx{Ae- HHeM TaKOro npeAnOJIO KeHHSS CJIYx{HT YCTaHOBJIeHHbIH HaMH (JaKT AerHApIIpOBBHHSI H.neHTaHa B npHCYTCTBHH nJIaTHHOBOrO KaTaJIH- 3aTOpa npH 600? nOA yMeHbIIIeHHbIM AaBJIeHHeM. B 3THX yCJIOBHHX peaKUHSI AerHAPHpOBBHHSI H.nenTaHa npOTeKaeT C BbIXOAOM aJIKe- HOB Ao 20%. rIpeAnonoxceHHe o pe6epnoM McXaHH3Me peaKIJIM AerlAporeHH3awHH I[HKJIOneHTaHa B npHCYTCTBHH nJIaTHHII coTJIa- CyeTCH TaK?Ke C TCM 4)aKTOM, iITO B npOAYKTaX peaKUHH 6bIJI HaxAeH, ITOMHMO IUHKJIOneHTaAHeHa, UHKJIOneHTeH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 0 IIPHPOAE CEPA- H A3OTOPFAHHqECRHX COEAHHEHH$ HE(DTII F. J[. raabnepH, H. H. Be3HHrep, E. H. Kapayaosa, B. r. JIyxbRHH Aa (IIuCTUTyr xe95Tu AH CCCP, Mocnea) YCTaHOBJIeHO, TITO opraHHIIeCKHe CyJIb(MHAbl rJIa u{o npeBpa- WBIOTCSI B CyJIbq)OKCHAbu. B KepOCHHOBbIX (ppaKUHSIX poMaLLIKHH- CKOIi He(pTH Ha AoJIIO Cy.ll4HAOB npHXOAHTCSI CBbIIne 50% OT CyM- MbI cepaopraHHTieCKHX coe,I[HHeHHIi. 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YCTaHOBJIeHO, TITO HPH o6pa6oTKe He()TeIi H He4)TenpoAyKTOB a.-IIOMOrH)jpHAOM JIHTHSI HeiTpaJIbHbI}I a3OT HOTITH HaueJlo npeBpa- IuaeTCH B OCHOBHble (POpMbI, CpeAH KOTOpbIX npeo6JiaAaIOT Tpe- THTIHble. B HCXOAHbIX He()TSIX OCHOBHOH a30T 6bIJI npe.I CTaBJieH IiCKJIIQ- 4HTeJIbHO TpeTHTIHbIMII ()opMaMH, a Hec1TpaJIbHbIIi - aMH1 amH KHCJ'IOT. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 B AHCTHJIJIHTaX, noJlyqaeMblx H3 ApyrHX roplogHx HcxonaeMbix, KaK CpeAH OCHOBaHHl3, TaK H cpeAH aMHROB KHCJIOT npHCyTCTByIOT 3aMeTHbie KOJIHgecTBa BTOpHgHbIX IpOpM. flepBHtIHble aMHHorpyn- nbi o6Hapy,,Kenbl TOJIbKO B o6pa3uax OCO6bIX 6HTYMOB H3 o6Ha- )KeHH1i, rAe HX HajIHgHe, nO-BHAHMOMy, CBSI3aH0 C coBpeMeHHhIMFI 614OXHMHgeCKHMH npespau eHHSIMH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 A3OTHCTbIE COEAIIHEH1II IO?KHOY3BERHCTAHCRHX HE DTEII c. .n. rycHHcxax (CpeOue-A3uarchuu eocy@apcreeuubau yuueepcuTer u.nc. B. H..Ileuuna, Tautiteur) A3oTHCTble CoeAHHeHHSI B He(4T5IX o6bIqHO coAep}KaTCSI B He- 3HazIHTeJIbHbIX KOJIHLIeCTBBX (0,1-0,2%) H TOJIbKO B CepHHCTbIX He(4THX KOJIHbleCTBO a30Ta aOCTHraeT 0,8-1 %'.. I'I3yqeHHe npHPOAbI a30THCTbIX CoeAHHeHH33 CB5I3aHO C BOHPOCaMH HpoHCXO}KAeHHH H npeBpaiueHHSI He(TeI3. A30T B He()TH H ee AHCTHJLnaTaX npeACTaB- JIeH rJIaBHbIM O6pa3OM B BHAe nHpHAHHOBbIX, XHHOJIHHOBbIX, H30- XHHOJIHHOBbIX npOH3BOAHbIX H 60Jiee CJIO}KHbIX KOHAeHCHpOBaHHbIX CHCTeM HHPHAHHOBOro KApa C f5ITH- H nIeCTHqJIeHHbIMH Haq)TeHO- BbIMH UHKJIaMH. 9TH a30TH?CTbie COeAHHeHHSI B JIHTeparype ZiaCTO Ha3bIBa1OT B CBSI3H C TeM, LITO B CTPYKType aJIKaJIOHAOB H a30THCTbIX OCHOBaHHI-i eCTb MHOro o6Hlero. 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HOM AaBJIeHHH (730 mu) 6e3 pa3JI0}KeHHSi B npeAe.nax 250-3000, d420 1,033; nD20 1,5689, TeMnepaTypa 3aCTbIBaHHH - 4?, co,Ijep)Ka- HHe a30Ta 5,87-6,3%. aJISH BbIAe.IeHHSI HHAHBHAyaJIbHbIX coeAHHe- HHH 9Ty CMeCb OCHOBaHHi3 (ppaKIjHOHHPOBaJIH B BaKyyMe. I'I3 OT.- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 AeJIbHbIX (JpaKIHI3 fOJiy'IeHbI HHKpaTbI. B pe3yJIbTaTe Rpo6HOIi flepeKPHCTaJIJIH3auHH H pacluenJleHHH OTAeJibHbIX HHKpaTOB yAa- JIOCb HAeHTH(pHLHpOBaTb HeKOTOpble XHHOJIHHbI: 2,3-AHMeTHJI-8- 3THJIXHHOJIHH, 2,3-,aHMeTHJI-8 H.npOnHJIXHHOJIHH H 2, 3, 4-TpHMe- THJI-8 H.HponHJIXHHOJIHH, KOTOpble oxapaKTepH30BaHbI PH)JOM np0- 113BOAHbIX CyJIbq)aTOB H MepKypaTOB. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 HOBbIII CIIOCOB IiOHBEPCHH YFJIEBOAOPOAOB C IIPHMEHEHHEM WEJIE3A IiAR IIEPEHOCLIHKA IiHCJIOPOAA H. M. ApT10XOB (JlenunapaOcnuu nayuuo-uccAeOoearenbcxu(Z uncrturyr no nepepa6orxe neg5ru u nos ymenuro ucrcycereenuoao xeuOxoao ronauea) CyluecTByIOIUne cl oco6bI noJIyTeHIIS AeuieBbix TexnUnormie- CKHX ra30B (TaKHx, KBK BOAOpQA, CHHTe3-ra3, CO2 H NO H3 TBep- AOrO, )KHAKOrO H ra3o06pa3HOrO Ton.TIHBa c npHMeHeHneM 3JIeKTpH- 4eCKOrO TOKa, Bo3Ayxa, KHCJIOpOILa H BOZ[HHoro papa, KaK npa- BHJIO, He H03BOJIOIOT nOJIyLIHTb OTHOCHTeJlbHO AeuieBble ra3bl. DT0 o6'b5CHSeTC51 CJIO}KHOCTbIO TeXHOJIorHLIeCKOH cxeMbl, BbICOKHMH KanHTajIbHbIMH BJIO}KeHHSMH H 3Ha4HTeJIbHbIMH 9KCnJIyaTauHoH- HbIMH 3aTpaTaMH. HaH'6anee HH3KyIO CTOHMOCTb HMeIOT TeXHojlor} 4eCKHe ra3bl, noaly4aeMbie pa3JIHLIHbIMH CnoCo6aMH KOHBepCHH yrJleBOAOpoAOB. Ba}KHecIIIHMH cnoco6aMH KOHBepcHH yrJIeBOAopOAOB 1BJIIKOTCH: KOHBepcHS B npHCyTCTBHH BOAHHoro napa, OKHCJIHTeJlbHas KOHBep- CHH C nOMOIubIO KHCJIOpo La HJIH O6OraUIeHHOrO 'B03Ayxa H KOM6H- HHpOBaHH I KeJle30-napoBoro McTOAa. B JIeHHI4l'I pa3pa6oTaH HOBbII' Cnoco6 KOHBepCHH yrJ1eBoAo- POAOB, n03BOJIH1onnjI fOJIy4HTb Cpa3y TeXHHiieCKH LIHCTbII3 BO,Uo- pOA, OAH?OBpeMeHHO C CHHTe3-ra3OM H CMecbio CO2 H N2. 3TOT npouecc ocyul,eCTBJISIeTCH Ha KaTaJIH3aTope, COAep3KalueM 3KeJIe3o (15-50%), B Tpex peaKTopax, npHqeM B OAHOM HAeT pa3orpeB KaTa.IH3aropa, BO BTOpOM - BOCCTaHOBJIeFHe, a B TpeTbeM - oKHcJieHme x{eJle3a. IIpH pa3orpeBe BbIropaeT 4acTb yr.iepoAa, BbbAeJISnojuerOCH Ha nosepxxocTH KaTaJIH3aTOpa npH BOCCTaHOBJJeHHH )KeJ1e3a yrJie- BoAopoAaMH, npH 3TOM o6pa3yeTcx CMeCb CO2 H N2 (ra3bI pere- HepauHH). npH BOCCTaHOBJIeHHH o6pa3yeTCH CMeCb BOAopoaa, OKHCH yrJIepo.a H yrJieKHCJIOTbI, T. e. CHHTe3-ra3, a npH OKHCJIeHHH xcene3a BOA1H MM napoM o6pa3yeTcx BoAopoA. rlpouecc KOHBepCHH yrJleBOaOPOAoB no McTOgy IeHHHH ocy- LueCTBJIHeTc5I rJIaBHbIM 06pa3OM no AByM pe3yJIbTHpy1oIuHM peaK- uHHM, a HMeHHO: CnH,n + (n + x) FeO' (n + x) Fe -f. 0,5mH2 + + (n - x) CO; XCO2 - Q4 (4) H (n + x) Fe + (n + x) H2O Z (n + x) FeO + (n + x) H2 + Q5. (5) CpaBHHBax ypaBHeHHe (1) H ypaBHeHHH (4) H (5), nplxoAHM K BbIBOAy, XITO npouecc JIeHHHI4 IBJI IeTCH, no cyiuecTBy, npouec- COM }KeJIe3o-BOA5IHOI-I KOHBepcHH, B KOTOpOM }KeJIe3O HBJISIeTCSI nepe- HOCLIHKOM KHCJIOpoaa, 3aHMCTBOBaHHoro H3 BOAbI B CTaAHH OKHC- JIeHHH. ECJIH HCKJIIO4HT'b 3Keae30 H3 ypaBHeHHI3' (4) H (5), TO MbI n0- JIyLIHM ypaBHeHHe (1), a 3T0 03HatiaeT, qTo Hp1 H 4HCTO BOAHHOII KOHBepCHH TeopeTHtIeCKH BCe nOKa3aTeJIH AOJI]K- HbI 6bITb OAHHaKOBbIMH, C TOA JIHIIIb pa3HHue]?3, VTO B O6bIHHOM c iyxiae BCe npOAyKTbI peaKLHH HaXOASITCH B CMeCH, TorAa KaK HpH KOHBepcHH C HCno.ib3oBaHHeM 3KeJie3a (n + x) H2 HaXOAHTCSI B qHCTOM BHAe H JIHIUb (0,5 m) H2 - B cMecH c CO H C02- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80TOO246AO49200450001-6 B 3TOM - npeHMylueCTBO HOBOro npouecca KOHBepcHH, n03BO- .nHIoLuee OJLHOBpeMeHHO nOJ1yTn1Tb TeXHHt1eCKH 1 HCTbIii BOJLOPOJ[ H cHHTe3-ra3. 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Macc-cneKTpoMeTpHgeCKHl3 McTOA onpe.neJieHHSi rpynnoBOro COCTaBa He#SIHbIX (ppaKUlni OCHOBaH Ha 3aBHCHMOCTH Macc-CneKT- pa OT CTPYKTYpbI MOJIeKyJlbl. B npouecce HOHII3aUHH, BbI3blBaeMofi 9JIeKTPOHHbIM yAapoM, AJIH Kax{Aoro THna MOJI?KyJlbl xapalcrepxo npeHMyHjeCTBeHHoe o6pa3oBaxxe onpeAeJIeHHb1X rOMOJIOrHqeCKHX PxAOB HOHOB. TaK, AJIH napa(l)HHOBbIX yrneBOAOpouoB xapaKTenHO o6pa3osaHHe HOHOB e - In = 43, 57, 71, 85, 99 (E 43); Hoibi, no- 5IBJIHK)IuHeCSI npH e = 41, 55, 69, 83, 97 (E 41), CCCTO$T B OCHOBHOM H3 OCKOJIKOB MOJIeKYJI Ha(I.TeHOBbIX H OJIe4)HHOBbIX yrJIeBOAOpoAOB. aim apoMaTHtlecKHx yrJleBOaOpoAOB xapaKTep- Hbi Maceba m = 77, 78, 79, 91, 92, 105, 106, 119, 120 H Ap. (E 77). 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Pa3pa6oTaHHaH McTO)LHKa arajIn3a 3aKJuo iaeTCSi B c.ne,ylo- LueM: onpej[eafflOT cpeAHHI3 MOJIeKyJIHpHbIII Bec o6pa3ua; qaCTb o6pa3ua CyJlb(pHPyIOT, noc ie LIero npOH3BO,L 5IT CbeMKy Macc-CneKT- POB CyJlbcpHpOBaHHOro H HeCyJIb(JHPOBaHHoro npo,uyKTOB; pacctni- CoAepxcasxe yrnesoAopOAswx rpynn, sec. % MacC-CIIeKTpOMeT- pH4eCKIIhI McTOA xHMK4ecKHI McTOA flapa4MHoable yrneBOAOpoAbl. . . . . . . 19,6 17,2 HalxreHOBbie yrneBOAopOAbl . . . . . . 7,4 3,8 MoHOOnecpHHOBble yr.neBoAopo)tbI 38,6 37,6 f_(HKnoonecpHHOBble, AHOJIe4IHHOBble H aI1 TH- .neHOBbie yrneBoAopoAbl . . . . . . . 17,4 21,7 ApOMaTHllecxxe yrneaoAopoAbl . ? . . ? . 17,0 19,7 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 TbIBaIOT CTpyKTYpHO-rpynnOBOI3 COCTaB no Macc-cneKTpaM. BpeM 1, 3aTpa'IHBaeMOe Ha no4rOTOBKy o5pa3IjOB, aHaJIH3 H pac4IeT, CO- cTaBJIHJIO 21/2-3 qaca. B KaqecTBe npHMepa npHBe.IeHbI pe3yJlbTaTbI Macc-cneKTpO- McTpHqecKOTO HccJIe OBaHHSI 6eH3HHOB KOKCOBaHHH B COnOCTaB- JIeHHH C f aHHbIMH XHMHgeCKoro aHaJIH3a. npHBel{eHHble BeJIH4HHbl YKa3bIBaIOT Ha BIIOJIHe yj[OBJIeTBOpH- TeJIbHOe COBnaAeHne pe3yJlbTaTOB, onpeAeJleHHbIX pa3JIH14HbIMII McToJ aMH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 HPEBPAII(EHHJI YrJIEBOAOPOAOB HA PEHHf-rJIHHO3EMHOM ICATAJIH3ATOPE B YCJIOBHSIX HOBbIHIEHHbIX TEMHEPATYP H AA.BJIEHHH BOAOPOAA M.A.PameHAeBa, X.M.MHHaveB (HMCTUT7,T op a!tu'leckoa xuuuu um. H. ,7. 3e iuucicoeo All CCCP, Mocicea) PeHHIi 6bIJl OTKPbIT B 1925 r. B HacTOSII.uee BpeMH XHMHSI pe- IiHH noJly4HJIa 3Ha4HTeJIbHOe pa3BHTHe H npej(cTaadIHeT CynieCT- BeHHbIli npaKTH4eCKHIi HHTepec. I'IccJIeAOBaHHSI, HOCBSIII[eHHble H3y4eHHI0 KaTaJIHTH4eCKHX CBOHCTB peHHSI, BeCbMa HeMHOI'o4HCJIeHHbI. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 YCTaHOBJIeHO, LITO OHTHMaJ1I Hbre yCJIOBI1H npeBpaIItexxx MOp- MaJIbHbIX aJIKaHOB C o6'pa30BaHHeM H30(,OpM H rip-OJjyKTOB gaCTHiI- HOIO rHApoKpeKHHra CJIeLyIou He: TeMTTepaTypa 450?, aaBjieHHe 30 aTM BO.L opoJ a, MOJISIPHOe OTHOTITeHHe BOAOPOIIa K yrJleBO1W O- Ay 3: 1 H O6'beMHax CKOPOCTb HporlyCKaHHH yrJleBOAOpoAa 0,5 ./lcac Ha 1 A 'KaTaJIFI3aTopa. fIOKa3aH-o, WO upespaHzeHH5 H,opMaJlbHoro rexcaAexaxa BB yxa- 3a,HHbIX YCJIOBHBX 'B 'KOHTaKTe c HPHPOAHbIM H a'KTHBHpOBaH'HbIM ryM6pHHOM BeCbMa CXOAHbI, TOPAa KaK 1(e1CTBHe aKTHBHpOBaHHOrO ryM6pHHa, HpOHHTaHHoro paCTBOpOM XJIOpHCTOro IIHHKa (20%), pe3'KO OTJIHqaeTC5 OT arpecCHBHOPO AeI1CTB'HH TLIHC'POTO 'Iym6pIIHa; B '3TOM CJIygae HpH6JIH3HTeJIhH0 B TPH pa3a yMeHbinaeTCSI o6pa3o- BaHHe ra30B rH1IPOKpe'KHHra H 3aMeTHO yBeJIHgHBaeTCSI BbIXOa {paKIIHH, BbIKHHaIOII[eH Ao 100? H COCTOSIII.Ief B OCHOBHOM H3 H30- Mep'Hblx aJIKaHOB. FIpH (KaTaJIH3e HopMaJlbHbIX yiL eKaHa, AO)IeKaHa, TpHAeKaHa, TeTpaAeKaHa, rleHTaAeKa,Ha If reKcaAeKaHa B HpHCyTCTBHH 0,5% Pt H 0,5% Pd, HaHeCeHHbIX Ha 'OKHCb aJHOMHHHSI H 'Ha ryM6pHH, IIpOHC- X'OAHT HpespallleHHH, BeAymHe :K CyMeCTBeHHOMy yJTyliWeHHIO MO- TOpHbIX CBOiiCTB o6pa3yIOIIIHXCA HpOAYKTOB H3OMepH3aIIH'H H tia- CTINHOII apoMaTH3aLu{H; 3TO yJIyzIIIIeHHe ?Bbrpa}KaeTCH rJIaBHbIM o6- pa30M B YBeJTHqeHHH TefJIOTBOpHOId CHOCO6HOCTH OT 80 Ao 300 KKaA/Ice H B CHH}KeHHH TeMHepaTypbI 3aCTbIBaHHH Ha 16-48,5?. B HaCTOHIIIee BpeMSI 3Ta pa60Ta HaMH TIpoJOJnKaeTcsI C gpyriT- MH HOpMaJIbHbIMH aJIKaHaMH. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 IIOJIY=IEHHE AHHOHH16IX IIOBEPXHOCTHO-AI{THBHbIX BEIRECTB H3 HE(DTI, HEOTJIHbIX, BYPOYFOJIbHbIX, CJIAHIJEBbIX ICI TOP D}IHbIX A1CTHJIJIfITOB M. A. reiMaa, A. A. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 CHIHTE3 3TAJIOHHbIX YPJIEBOAOPOAOB AJIH ICCJIEAOBAHHH JIHPPO1IHO-I{EPOCHHOBbIX cDPARIJUn, 1,2-AH3AMEll EHHbIE IIHI{JIOHEHTAHh1 (Mocxoecruu eocyOapCTeeuubsu if7LUeepcurer u.ns. M. B. .,Yomomocosa) HocJIeJ oBaHHe HHAHB,HAyaJIbH.OPO COMM 6CH3HH'OB puAa OTe- 4eCTBeHHbIX Heq)TeII noKa3aJlo, TO B HOCJIeAHHX COJ.[ep3KaTCH 1XHK- JIoneHTaHOBble yI'JIeBOAOpOAbI C OAHHM, ABYMH H TpeMH 3aMeCTHTe- JIHMH. KOJIHqeCTBO 'CHHTe3HpOBaHHbIX AO HacTOSIMerO BpeMOHH 1, 2-AH3aMeu eHHbIX IZHKJIOIIeHTaHOBbIX yrJIeBOAOpOJOB HeBeJIHKO: TO II.HC- H TpaHC-H30Mepbl 1, 2-AHMeTHJ1-, 1-MCTHJI-2-3THJI-, 1, 2- AH3THJI-, 1-MeTHJI-2-H. IIponHJI-, 1-MeTHJI-2-H. 6yTHJI- H 1, 2-,aHq)e+ HHJIUHKJIoneHTaHa. HaMH CHHTe3HpoBaHbI 1=3THJI-2-'H. fnpOrHJI-, 1-3THJI-2-H. 6yTHJI- H 1, 2-,z H-H. 6yTHJIUHKJIoneHTaHbI, KOTOpble 6bIJIH pa3AeJIeHbw Ha IjH'C- H TpaHc-H30MepbI. KpoMe TOPO, 6bIJIH IIOJiyqeHbI 1-MCTHJI-2-43eHHJI- H I-3THJI-2- 4 eHHJIuHKJIorIeHTaHbI, BbIJ JIeHHble TOJIbKO B BHAe Tpa,HC-H30MepoB. C IZejIbio HOJIy'IeHHSI KOHesIHbIX yI'JIeBOAOpOAOB BbICOKOcI CTeneHH 4HCTOTbI, KOTOpble MOFJIH 6bI CJIy?KHTb 3TaJIOHaMH TlpH HccJIetjOBa- HHH He4 Tei, cxeMa CHHTe3.a 6bIJia H36paHa TaKOIi, 'no6bI HCKJHO- 1IHTb BO3MO)KHOCTb TIOJIY'Ie'HHSI B KO,He2IHOI CTai(HT3 H3oMepOB C HHbIM Ho.nO)K HH 'M 3aMeCTHTeJIeI{, a HMeHHO: 0 RMgBr R H2O H,p, 11I HCOOH Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 rAe R = C2H5 R'= CHCH3 R" = H.C3H7, H. C4H9, CBHb R = H.C3H7 R'= CHCH2CH3 R = H.C4H9 R'= CHCH2CH2CH3 R" = H.C4H9 R = CBHb R"=CH3 R = CH3 R"=CBHb C TOR )Ke ueJIb1O HpoBOjuHJlacb TMaTeJIbxaH oqHCTKa Ha Bcex cTaAHHx. 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II-PH OKHCJIeHHH I-aJIKHJIuHKJIoneHTeHOB-I HapSIAy c 2-aJIKHJI- gHKJIOneHTaHoHaMH-1 o6pa3yeTC51 TaK)Ke 4-5% HenpeAeJlbHbIX aJIKHJIUHKJioneHTaHOHOB; KpoMe Toro, IIPOHCXOAHT paciuerIJIeHHe UHKJJac. o6pa30BaHHeM KeTOxHCJI0T (2,5-14,2% OT TeopeTHqe- CKOro), npHLIeM c YBeJIIIHeHUeM AJIHHbI 6oj oBOI-I. uerIH 1-aJIKHJI- IHKJIOneHTeHa-I BbIXOA KeTOKHCJIOT nOBbllnaeTCH. 11'pH OKHCJIeHHH 1-4)eHHJIUHKJIOneHTeHa-1 B 6owiee ?KeCTKHX yC- JIOBHHX BbIXOA cooTBeTCTBeHHOPO KeTOHa yMeHbinaeTCH AO 37%, a BbIXOA KeTOKHCJIOTbI B03pa'CTaeT Ao 30% Te0peTmeCKOF0. 143 2-aJIKHJI- H 2-(4eHHJIuHKJIOneHTadiOHOB-1 H aJIKHJIMarHHN- ra.IoreHHAOB 6bIJIH noJlyqeHbI 1, 2-AHaJIKHJI- m 1-aJIKHJI-2-(peHHJI- gHKJIoneHTaHoJIbI-1 (VI) c BbIX0A0M 50-72% (OMecb IWC- H TpaHC-H3oMepOB). gerHapaTauHefi 9THX CnHpTOB 6bIJIH noJlygeHbI flenpelleJlbHbie yrjieBoAopoAbl (VII) (CMecb H30MepOB c pa3JIHTIHbrM nOJIO}KeHHeM ABOHHOfI CBH3H). 100 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 I'HApxposaHHeM ABy3aMetueHHblx AHKnoneHTeHOB Ha XonOAy B npxcyTCTBHH Pt-yrns H Pd-LIepHH 6binx nonyueHbi 1, 2- AHa.nKH.n- IuHxnoneHTaHbI H 1-anKHn-2-:(peHHnuHKnoneHTaHbI (VIII). flepBbie pa3AeneHbl Ha wic- H TpaHC-H3oMepbl nyTeM neperoHKH B BaKyylvle Ha 'KOnOHKe 3(3(pe'KTHBHOCTb1O 80 TeOpeTHLIeCKHX TapenOK. 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ICupoea, Baicy) CyIIjHOCTb npogecca HaKOnJIeHHH B He(jJTH XHMH'-IeCKHX 3JIeMeH- TOB, HOJIytIHBIIIHX Ha3BaHHe KaTC51 MHKpo3Jle- McHTbI B He(~TH? LI oCTOBepHO H3BeCTHO, LITO B He(~TS!X Coaep}KaTCH McTaJIJio-nop- (4HpIIHOBble KOMnJIeKCbI, B qaCTHOCTH, BaHaAHeBo-nOp'(1)n'pnHOBble H 3KeJIe3O-HOp(4HpHHOBble KOMnJIeKcbI. 14MeIOHI,IIec5i AaHHbIC yKa3bIBaloT Ha TO, 'ITO KaK HIIKeJIeBO-nOp- ()HpHHOBble KOMrIJIeKCbI, TaK H fOp4)HpHHOBble KOMnJIeKCbI BaHaJHSI CBSI3aHbI C 6HOXpoMaiMH HCXOAHbIX OpPaHH3MOB. 3TH KOMrIJIeKCbI o6pa30BaJIH'Cb B He(JTeMaTepHH'CKOH nop'oAe B pe3yJlbTaTe 3aMeuze- HHSI MarHHH (H }KeJIe3a) B HApax 6HoxpOMOB BaHaAHeM H HHKeJIeM. B03MO)KHOCTb TaKOrO 3aMeuleHHH AOKa3aHa BKCHepHMeHTaJIbHO. BaHaAHH H HHKeJIb, 3aMeujaBmHe MarHHH (H xmne30), HaXO- ZIHJIHCb B MO'pCKOM HJie, KOTOpbIH, KaK yKa3bIBaeT A. H. BHHorpa- AOB, 'o6oralueH 3THMH 3JIeMeHTaMH 3a cieT AeTpHTOB opraHH3MOB. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 O6pa3oBaHHe 6eH3oJIa B KaTaJIH3aTe CBHAeTeJIbCTByeT 0 TOM, qTO npH nposeaeHHH 1-MCTHJI-1-aJIKHJIAHKJIOreKCaHOB Hap, aJIIOMO- CHJIHKaTHbIM KaTaJIH3aTOPOM npOHCXOAHT oAHOBpeMeHHbrH OTpbIB AByx aJIKHJIbxbIX rpynn OT IIePBepTHimoro aTo?Ma yrJlepoia B HC- XOAHOM yrJleBoaopoAe, tiTO BHalgajie npHBOAHT K nonyzleHHlo UHK- JIoreKCaxa, a 3aTeM, B pe3yJlbTaTe AerHAporeHH3a'UHH noCJIeA- Hero, - K 6eH3OJty. rlpH KaTaJIH3e 1-MCTHJI-1-aJIKHJIIsHKJIoreKcaHOB HaA aJHOMOCHJIHKaTOM, nO-?BHAHMOMY, TaKx{e npoTexaeT oTluenJIe- HHe H OAHOfI aJIKHJIbHOH rpynnbi, B pe3yJIbTaTe tlero t4epe3 nepBo- HatiaJIbHyIO CTaAH1o o6pa3oBaHHH McTHJIuKJloreKCaHa nojiytIaeTc TOJIyOJI, KOTOpbIH 3aTeM McTHJIHpyeTCH, aaBag 'KCHJIOJibI H TpHMe- THJ16eH3oJIbI. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 R3YUHHE (DJIYOPECIIHPYIOMHX COEJ>(HHEHHI3 HE(DT11 C IXEJIbIO HX HCHOJIb3OBAHHH B RE DEIkTOCROHHH METAJIJIOB JI. A. MejisxaRae (HUCTUTyT xuaiutt um. H. r. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 HCCJIEAOBAH}JE CTPYKTYPbI BbICOKOKHHHIAHX DEHOJIOB CPEAHETEMHEPATYPHO]3 CMOJIbI iIEPEMXOBCKHX YFJIEf H EE )KHRKO(DA3Horo FI4 POFEHH3ATA H FHAPOPEHH3AL HOHHAH HEPEPABOTRA HX HA I[EHHbIE HH31IHE (DEHOJIbI M. H. 1bRIIOBa, A. B. BOJIb-3nMTeHH, H. A. j[aBTBH:, M. H. M apoBa (HHCTUryr aoprouux ucxonaeMbix AH CCCP, Mocxea) B InHpOKOH 4 paKUHH CMOJIbN IlepeMXOBCKHX yr.neli H ee M{HAKO- 4 3HOT0 rHJjporeHH3aTa coAepacaTCH 3HatIHTeJIbHble KOJIHLIeCTBa BbICOKOKHI$III.HX 4)eHOJIOB c TeMnepaTypoli KHneHHSI 230-320?, nYTH HCHOJIb3OBaHH5I KOTOpbIX MaJIO H3ygeHbl. HaMH HCCJIeAOBaHa CTpyKTypa 3THX ()eHOJIOB H nOKa3aHa BO3MO]KHOCTb rHAporeHH3a- IjHOHHOIi nepepa60TKH IIaCTH HX B (peHOJI, Kpe30JIbl H KCHJIeHOJIbI. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 MEXAHI3M TEPMIIILIECKOIa AECTPYRAHH H CHHTE3A KOKCA E. A. HOBHLIxoBa, B. E. Pa?iconcx1a, T. I. KomogeBa, D. JI. KaraHonHV, X. H. PHBxuRa (HuCTUTyr Topg5a AH BCCP, Mumcm) H3yueHHe npoueCcOB TepMHIIeCKOf AeCTPYKIUHH BbICOKOMOJIe- KYJIHPHbIX coeAHHeHHIfi, BXOA IL1 HX B COCTaB TOnJIHB, nOKa3bIBaeT, LITO B OCHOBe o6pa30BaHHH HH3KOMOJIeKyJISIpHbIX BeujeCTB, a TaK]Ke H npoijeCCOB nOJIygeHHH KoKCa JIe}KaT XHMHLIeCKHe peaKuHH, npH- BOA51MHe, C OAHOI3 CTOpOHbI, K pa3yKpyfHeHHIO BbICOKOMoJIeKyJIHp- HbIX coeAnHeHHI3, a C :ApyrOH, - K CHHTe3y rpOM03AKHX MOJIeKYJI KOKCa. 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HHTeHCHBHO Te'IeT AeCTPYKUHH KHCJI(>poACOAep3KaMHx coeAH- HeHHI3 B npHCYTCTBHH Henpeae.lbHbIX Ha4)TeHOB - nepeHOCLIHKOB Bo)jopoAa: o6pa30BaHHe YKCYCHOI3 KHCJIOTbI 143 neKTHHOB B MacJIH- HbIX cpeAax AocTHraeT 3Ha'IHTeJIbHbIX BeJIHLIHH. BMeCTe C TeM LIaCTb HH3KOMoJIeKyJI5IpHbIX COeAHHeHHId nonyYaeTCH H3 TOnJIHBa 3a CLIeT LIHCTO q)H3HLIeCKHX npoueccoB: HcnapeHHSI, cy6JIHMauHH, nyJIbBepIl3auHH. O6pa3oBaHHe KOKCa y 6oraTbIX KHCJIOpOAOM TOHJIHB npOTeKaeT B ABe CTaAHH: a) pa3pyuleH'He, 6) CHHTe3; npoxoAH LIepe3 pa3py- uleHHe yFJIeBOAHOII H JIHrHHHHOH CTPYKTYpbI, npoijecc 3aBeplHaeT- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 CH CHHTe30M KOMHOHeHTOB MHorosIAepHOI1 rpa(pHTOo6pa3HOrI CTpyK- Typ bI. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 HOBbIE PEArEHTbI L JIf 4)JIOTAIRHH YI'JIEII M. B. I HnepoBHe, B. r.IInzocnKn (Bocrowxbtu may*iuo-ucc4eOoearenbcxuu yehexuMuuecxuu uncruryr, Ceep8.2oecx) B HaCTOSInjee BpeMg ILJISI (kJIOTaILHH yrJlec npHMeHSIK)T XHMH- 'IeCKH CJIO}KHble II HenOCTOHHHble nO COCTaBY peareHTbi. 3KcnepH- McHTHpy51 C TaKIIMH peareHTaMH, HeBO3MO}KHO yCTaHOBHTb onpe- AeJieHHyfo 3aKOHOMepHOCTb B HX aeRCTBHH. HaMH npose1LeHbl HccJIeAoBaHHH 41IIOTaIIHOHHOrO aeIICTBH51 qHCTbIX HHILHBHayaJlbHbIX XHMHTIeCKHX BeuLeCTB, BXOJLHIILHX B TaKHe pacnpOCTpaHeHHbie peareHTbl AJIH (~JIOTalXHH yrJlsi, KaK KaMeHHOYPOJIbHble MacJia H HeKOTOpbie He(kTSlHbie nPOAYKTbI. 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BJIecTH- [uHe KOMHOHeHTbI (pJIOTHPYIOTCH 3Ha4IHTeJIbHO JIyqiue MaTOBbIX yrJieH BCeX CTaAHI3 McTaMop(pH3Ma, HO oco6eHHO 6oJIbwa}I pa3- nHua Ha6JIIoAaeTCH npH (kJIOTauMH ra30BbIX yrJIeI3, XITO n03BOJI%eT OCYIueCTBHTb CeJIeKTHBHy1O (pJIOTaIHIO HeKOTOpbIX yrJlex no neTpo- rpa4 wleCKOMy npH3HaKy. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 IIOJIYiIEHHE XHMH'IECKIX IIPOJWI TOB H3 HEPBHiIHbIX F AMEHHOYI'OJIbHbIX CMOJI METOJJAMH rHAPOrEHH3AI)(HH HOB[ HEBbICORHM RABJIEHHEM A. A.ICpn Ko, A.H.HgeJHHa, JI. C. C0BeT0Ba, JI. H. 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Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 143 AHCTHJIJIHTHbIX 4 paKLHI3 BbiAeJiIIOTCH (peHOJIu, HeHTpaJIb- Hble KHCJIOp'OAHble coeAHHeHHSI, a30THCTble OCHOBaHHH B KOJIHLIeCTBe 12-15% OT Beca CMOJIbi, KOTOpble HOCJIe OLIHCTKH 06bILIHbIMH McTOAaMH CJIy)KaT CbIpbeM Aim HPOH3BOACTBa fJIaCTM3CC, q)JIOTO- peareHOB, nJIaCTH4 HKaTopoB, allTHKOpp03HIgHbIX Ao6aBOK H Ap. Pa(kHHaT nOABepraeTCSI rHApOOLIHCTKe fOA AaBJleHHeM 40 aTM HaA aJIIOMOKo6aJIbTMOJI.H6AaTHbIM KaTaJIH3aTOpoM. 143 rHApOreHH3aTa BbIAeJIHK)TCB HOPMaJIbHble napa4)HHbI Me- TOAOM KOMnJIeKCoo6pa3OBaHHH C Kap6aMHAOM. llapa(pHHbI MOT 6bITb HCnOJIb30BaHbl B KaLIeCTBe CblpbI npH npOH3BOACTBe MOIOLU$X cpeACTB, npHrOTOBJIeHHH Kpa'COK H JleKapCTBeHHbIX npenapaTOB. 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H en pep BIB HbI ii McTaJIJIO - napOBOH M cTOA nOJIy- ,IeHHH BoAOpoAa c ra30BbIM BOCCTaHOBHTeJIeM. HaiAeHO, TITO npHMeHeHHe CMeulaHHbIX KOHTaKTOB (Fe203, Na2O) 3c1x eKTHBHO AJISI HH3KOTeMnepaTypHOro BbICOKOnpOH3BOAHTeJIb- Horo McTaJIJIo-napoBoro npouecca noJIyteHHH BoAopoAa (t = 450- 500?) . H3yrleHHe KHHeTHKH BOCCTaHOBHTeJIbHOH H OKHCJIHTeJIbHOH #3 npouecca n03BOJIHJIO pa3pa60TaTb TexHOJIOrHTIeCKYIO cxeMy He- npepbIBHOrO McTOAa noJlygexnSI Bo,ILopo.rLa c npHMeHeHHeM B Ka- ilecTBe BOCCTaHOBHTeJIeH 6aJIJIaCTHbIx ra3oB (B03AyIUHbIA, reHepa- TOpHbIH, AOMeHHbIH, nOA3eMHOH ra3Hc HKauHH H AP.), KOTOpaH ,6brJla onpO6oBaHa Ha yKpyHHeHHOH yCTUHOBKe. 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BbIHBJIeHHble 3aKOHOMepHOCTH H3MeHeHHH CBOKCTB yrJfer no a BJIH}rHHeM 9THX (paKTOPOB (O(popMJIeHHbfe B BHAe CneUHaJlbHbIX rpa(pHKoB) nOMOrJIH pa3AeJIHTb Ha KJIaCCH4 HKaIZHOHHOH AHarpaM- Me yrJIH Bcex 6aCCeIfHOB Ha KJIaccbI, rpynnbf H nQArpynnbI. 9TO AeJIeHHe npOH3BeaeHO no CJIeAyIOnjHM npH3HaKaM: a) no CnOCO6HOCTH AaBaTb npH HHAHBHAYaJIbHOM KOKCOBaHHH Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 KyCKOBOH KOKC TOR HJIH HHOR COnpOTHBJIHeMOCTH Apo65ILuHM H HCTHpax)LUHM yCHJIHSIM; 6) no noBeAeHHIO yrJiei B CMeCHX npH KOKCOBaHHH KaK O}KHp- H5IIOLUHX HJIH OTOIUaIOIILHX KOMnOHeHTOB; B) no B03MO>KHOCTH coLIeTaHHSi HX B CMeCHX Aim nOJIy4eHH5l HaH6oJlee npOLIHorO KOKca. K.naccH(4HxauHOHHasi ILHarpaMMa MO}KeT CJ1 )KHTb TaK}Ke B Kagecme IIHXTOBOgHOii, n03BOJlsuo ILeH noA6HpaTb AByx-, TpeX- KOMHOHeHTHble CMecH ymeH, o6ecnegHBaIOLUHe npH onpeAe.ieHHbIX yCJIOBHSIX no iyLIeHHe KOKCa 3ai(aHHoro KaqecTBa, H npeayraAbisaTb B03MO}KHOe KaLIeCTBO KOKCa H3 CMecei 3aaaHHOrO COCTaBa. CJIeAyeT OTMeTHTb TaK}Ke, LITO pa3pa6OTaHHaSI KJIaCCH()HKa- -UHOHHaSI CHCTeMa OXBaTbIBaeT He TOJIbKO KaMeHHble yFJIH BCeX 6acceHHOB, HO H BCe HHble BH,ILbl ropiotlxx HCKonaeMblX, 3aKOHO- MepHoe pacnoJlo)KeHHe KOTOpbIX AaeT B03MO}KHOCTb caeJIaTb PHA fpHHUHHHaJlbHO Ba}KHbIX BbIBOAOB 0 reHe3HCe pa3JIHLIHbIX roplO- iIHX HCKOnaeMblx. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 BbICOI{OHPO13BOA14TEJIbHbIE HPOI1ECCbI CHHTE3A H3 B. H. Kpyr mHK0B, H. B. PanonopT, A. B. BonMHcuRfi, B. B. My30BCHHIi (Bcecon)anbau nayqno-ucc.teOoearenbcnua UKCTUTyr no nepepa6orNe uey5rio u za3a u nonyuenuro ucrcyccreennozo XUOY02o ronAuoa, Mocnea) PeaKUHH CHHTe3a yrneBo,uopoua H3 CO H H2 npoTexaeT C Bbl- JJeJIeHHeM 3Ha4HTeJibnoro xoJIHgecTBa TenJIa. TeMnepaTypHN HH- TepBaJi peaxuHH orpaHwIeH, BCJIeACTBHe tlero OTBOJL TenJla, Bb1- JjeJIsHoLgerocH B 30He peaxuHH, HBJIHeTCH Ba)KHO9 TexHOJIOrHmeCKO}I npo6JIeMOit. ,LI;JIH coxpaneHHSI aonyCTHMbIX nepenaAOB TeMnepaTyp n0 BbICOTe H ceLIeHHIO peaKUHOHHOro npOCTpaHCTBa Heo6xoAHMa pa3pa6oTKa 3(p(xeKTHBHbIX McTOJjOB TenJIOOTBOJia. OJ[HHM H3 HaH- 6onee COBeplueHHbIX McTOAOB yMeHbiueHHH nepena.iia TeMnepaTyp- B c.loe xaTaJIH3aTopa HBJIHeTCH BeAeHHe KaTaJIHTHLIeCKO peaxuHH B nceBJjOO]KH}KeHHOM c.noe KaTaJIH3aTOpa. HpH 3TOM ynpoiuaeTCH. KOHCTPyxuHH peaxTopa, paAHaJlbnble H oceBble nepenaJibl TeMne- paTyp CHH}KaIOTCH AO MHHHMyMa H Hmmot-laeTCx Bo3MO}KHOCTb MecTHbIx neperpeBOB. OJ[HaKO BeJReHHe npouecca B nceB ioo?KH}KeH- HOM CJIOe HCKJIIOtIaeT BO3MO}KHOCTb CHHTe3a BbICOKOKHnHIuHX TBepJiblX napa44HHOBbIX yr.IeBOAopoaO.B H3-3a onaCHOCTH arJloMe- pauHH t1acTHu KaTaJIH3aTOpa H HapyIHeHHH COCT051HHH nceBJi004KH- ]KeHHH. CHHTe3 yrJIeBOaOPOAOB C BbICOKHM MOJIBKYJIHPHbIM BeCOM He- o6XOJ[HMO OCyUueCTBJISITb Ha CTauHOHapHOM KaTaJIH3aTOpe B peaK- TOpaX KO]KyXO-Tpy6tlaToro THna. HHTeHCHBHbIii OTBOA TenJla ri' CHH]KeHHe pajHaJlbHOro H OCeBOfO nepenaaa TeMnepaTyp 3Aecb MOrYT 6bITb AOCTHFHYTbI HYTeM yBeJIH.IeHHH JIHHei3HOI3 CKOPOCTH ra3a (npHMeHeHHe UHPKYJIHIHH H yseJIHIIeHHe BbICOTbI peaxTopa) H npHMeHeHHeM PeKTH4 HKaUHOHHOiI CHCTeMbI oxJIa3KJieHH51. HaMH pa3pa6oTana McTO,LHKa BeJieHHH npouecca H Hailuenbl YCJIOBHH CHHTe3a yrJIeaoj opOAOB H3 CO H H2 Haji nceB.uOO}KH}KeH- HbIM H CTaUHOHapHbIM 3KeJIe3HbIM KaTaJIH3aTOpOM. B pe3yAbTaTe TeopeTHtieCKOiI H 3KCnepHMeHTaJIbHOI3 pa3pa-- 60TKH npO6JIeMbI CHHTe3a H3 CO H H2 BnepBble B CCCP ocynie- CTBJIeH BbICOKOHpOH3BOJ I1TeJIbHbIfi npouecc CHHTe3a Ha }KeJIe3HOM KaTaJIH3aTOpe B HCeBJ[OO)KH}KeHHOM H CTaLHOHapHOM cJloe Ha nH- JIOTHbIX yCTaHOBKax. IIoKa3aHa BO3MO}KHOCTb aJIHTeJIbHOfl CTa- 6HJIbHOlI pa60TbI KaTaJIH3aTOPOB B yCJIOBHHX BbICOKOnpOH3BOJiH- TeJIbHOrO npouecca. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 A. A. IleTpoB, E. II. KannaH, 0. M. He4 eAoB, M. A. LIeJIb- U 0 B a. CBOI1CTBa HHAHBHAyaJlbHbIX noJIHUHxnH4eCKHX yrJIeBOAO- pOAOB pa3JIH'IHbIX THROB CTpyKTypbl H COCTaBa C18 - C40 . . 3 T. H. MacJIHHCKHH, B. A. Ko6eJleB, H. P. BypcHaH, M. H. P bI C K H H. KaTaJIHTH4eCKaM H30MepH3auHA napa(4HHOBbIX yrne- BoAOpOAOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 ,JI. M. Ko1HejIeBa, C. J1. MexTxeB, B. (D. IIHHIHaMa33aAe, W. 3. 3 l 6 a T O B a, (D. A. r a iI H M O B a. BbwAeneHHe uHKJIareK- caHa H ero 6JlH)Kalia1Hx roMOnorOB H3 6eH3HHa 6aKHHCxoi He4 TH 8 A. 3. aoporogHHCKHH, B. H. JlaBpeHTbeB, A. B. JIIOTep, H. n. McJIbHHKOBa, B. A. KynpHHHOB. CHHTe3 H CBOH- cTBa Ha(?TeHOBbIx yrneBoAOpOAOB C AJIHHHOH 60KOBOH uenbIO . . 10 JI H F y ,a H - H A H b, M. F. r 0 H H K 6 e p r. FoMoreHHoe AeMeTHJIHpo- BaHHe Kpe30nOB . . . . ? . ? . . . . . 12 10. 11. XMenbHHUKHH, K. H. 3HMHHa, A. A. IlansKOBa, B. M. H H K H T H H a. PaAHOJIH3 pa3JIH9HbIX THIIOB yrneBOAOpoAOa 14 X T. P a y A c e n n. McTOA HccJleAaaaHHR COCTaBa cyMMapHWX 4)eHO- JIOB cMOJI TepMHHecKOH nepepa60TKH TBepAblx TOHJIHB . . . . . 16 A. R. A a p H a. 0 TepMH9ecKoM pa3JIoxceHHH roplogIHx cJlaHueB . . . 18 A. C.'OMHH.a, A. g. IIo6ynb, 3. A. L1erTepeBa. XHMHVeCKaH npHpoAa KeporeHa npH6aJITHHCKOro ropmero cJIaHUa KyxepcHTa H HOBbIH nyTb ero HCnOnb3OBaHHA . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 B. fl. (DeiopoB, 51. JI. FOJIbAq)ap6, F. H. FopywwKHHa. 0 CoCTaBe coeAHHeHHH psAa 6eH3ona H TH04)eHa B JIerKHX 4)paK- UHAX CMOJIbI TepMH4eCKOro pa3n01KeHH51 cpeAHeBoJDKCKHX CJ1 HUeB CaBenbeBcxoro MecTopo}KAeHHA . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2.3 A. A. K p y r a H K O B. 0 BblAeaeHHH H HCnOnb3OBaHMH AByxaToMHbIx (peHOJIOB nOnyKOKCOBBHHA H rHAporeHH3aUHH 4epeMxOBCKHx yrnel 25 4'. 1 . C a n p bI K H H. IlpxpO LHHe xap6HAbI ypaxa B MarMaTH4eCKHX KpHCTannH9ecxnx nopoAax H HX pOJIb B o6pa30BaHHH He(4TH H 6HTyMOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27 137 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 M. .TI H C H H. K BOnpOCy 0 3aKOHOMepHOCTBX npouecca KOKCOBaHHM yrneH . . . A. M. K y p H HI K 0. JIHrHHTbI 3'aKapnaTb5l, HX COCTaB H nyTH HCnOJIb- 30BaHH51 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . V H. C. r p 513 H 0 B. K TeopHH cnexaHHH yrne1 . . . . . . . . . 34 C. C. J1 p a r y H 0 B. XHMHIIeCKag npHpOAa ryMHHoBbIx KHCJIOT . . . 36 B. E. PaKOBCKHH, M. M. )KypaBJleBa, B. C. r103H39K, M. A. PaKOBcxa$, JI. B. fIHryJIeBCKas, B. A. BaTypo. XHMH$ npOUeCCOB o6pa30BaHHg ryMyCOBbiX TOnJIHB . . . . . 34 E. H. JI O C K y T O B a. KOKCOBaHHe yrneH c Ao6aBKaMH opraHHyecKHx BeuzecTB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42 B, A. 0 H y c'a N T H c. KOJIJIOHJ[HO-XHMHgeCKHe OCHOBbI npouecca o6pa- 30BaHHH KaMeHHOyrOJIbHOrO KOKCa . . . . . . . . . . . . 45, E. M. T a H g, H. ,i(. C e A o B a. Bypbie H Hecnexalo1 1ecg xaMeHHbie yrJIH H HX oxycxoBaHne . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48. Fl. H. KaHaBeu, FL. H. McJIeHTbeB, A. 3. CIIOpHyC. XHMHKO- KaTaJIHTH9eCKHiI McTOA OKyCKOBaHHH TOHKOH3MeJlbgeHHbIJ( IUIIXTO- BWX MaTepH,aJIOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50 A. 3. 10 p 0 B C K H R. HOBbie npHHUH'nbi 06oralgenlB TBepAbix rOpIo lHX HCXOnaeMbix H KOMHJIeKCHOr0 HCHOJlb3OBaHHg MHHepaJlbHbIX KOM- HOHeHTOB yrneH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 M. A. McHKOBCKHii, A. H. AnexcaH)jpoBa, K. 10. BOJIKOB, C. A. POpAoH, JI. B. I7eTpoBCxaH. IepMaHHH H Hexoropbte peAKHe H paCCeHHHble sJIeMeHTbI B yrne . . . . . . . . . . 54 H. r. fI e T p e H K O. FIpHMeHeHHe H30TOrIOB AJI5 H3y ieHHg XHMHYeCKHX peax1HH ra30reHepaTOpHOrO npouecca . . . . . . . . . . 55 H. B. JI a B p O B. 06 OCHOBHbIX 3aKOHOMepHOCTBX npouecca nOJ(3eMHOA ra3H(DHKaUHH yrae# . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 B. (D. O p e iIl K o. KnaCCH4)HKagH5I KaMeHHbIX yrneH no CKJIOHHOCTH K OKHCJIeHBIO H caMOB03ropaHH[O . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61 B. C. A n b T to y n e p, I. A. III a cp H p. 0 Ilpouecce ra3006pa3oBa- HHH npH ra3H(f HKagHH TBepAbIX TOnnHB lOA BbICOKHM AaBJIeHHeM 63 A? A. P y c 4 e B. K BOnpocy 0 cnexaeMOCTH yrneH . . . . . . . 65 A. C. B p y x, 3. A. B 0 A K O B a, r. Ii. r e it A, P. E. JI e A 6 o B H Y. 0 KaTaJIHTH9eCKOM aefCTBHH pa3nH'IHbIX Be1UeCTB npH ?rHpoJIH3e CJO)KHbIX OpraHHlieCKHX BeU. eCTB (KaMeHHbMX yrnei) . . . . . 6T T. A. K y x a p e H K o. OKHCJIHTenbHag AeCTpyKUHH HCKonaeMblx yrneil KaK McTOA HO3HaHHB HX CTpyKTypbI H KnacCH(pHKagHH . . . . 70 )(. T. 3 a 6 p a M H bI ff. 0 inpOTHBOpe9HBX B TOJKOBaHHM YCJIOBHH o6pa- 3oB,aHH31 6ypbwX H KaMeHHBIX yrneft . . . . . . . . . . . 73 C. P. CeprHeHKo, E. B. JIe6eAeB, A. A. MHXHOBCKaB. Ho- Bbie AaHHbie o cTpyKType BbicoKOMonexyngpHbIx yrneBOAOpOAOB Heq)TH . . . . . . . . . 76 B. H. H c a r y n g H iz, B. H. T H in K O B a. HaylHbte OCHOBbI CHHTe3a anKHJI- H apHJl4IenoJIbHWx npHCa.oic K MHHepanbnbIM MacJIaM H MOTOpHbIM TOHJIHBaM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79 138 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 T H. H a p bI III K H H a, H. H. III Y H K H H. ,UerHAporeHH3agHH neHTa- McTHJIeHOBblx yrJleBOAOpOAOB B npHCYTCTBHH nnaTHHHpOBaHHOro yrJIH . . . . . . . r. A. r-aJibnepH, H. H. Ee3HHrep, E. H. KapayJloBa, B. r. J1 Y K b H H H u a. 0 npHpoAe cep a- H a30TOpraHHHeCKHX CO- eAHHeHHIi He4)TH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113 C. JI. F y C H H C K a H. A30THCTbie coeAHHeHHH IORCaOy36eKHCTaHCKHx He4Tel . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85 H. M. A P T 10 x o B. HOBbNFi cnoco6 KOHB CHH yrxe,BOAop0AOB C npH- McHeHHeM )KeJle3a xaK nepeHOCIIHKa KHCJIOpOAa . . . . . . . 8T A. A. 17oJIHK0Ba, K. H. 3HMRHa, P. A. XMeAbHHI;KHA. Macc- cneKTpoMeTpHVeCKHli McTOA onpeAeJIeHHH cTpyKTypno-rpynnoaoro cocTaBa 6eH3HHOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90, M. A. P H In e H A e B a, X. M. M H H a ti e B. IlpeBpaujeHHH yrJleBOAO- POAOB Ha peHHFI-rJIHH03eMHOM KaTaJIH3aTOpe B yCJIOBHHX noBblllleH- HbIX TeMnepaTyp H AaBJ1eHHH BoAopoaa . . . . . . . . . . 9a H. F. B e K a y p H, H. H. HI y 1i K H H. KOHTaKTHO-KaTaJIHTH4eCKHe npe- BpalueHHH HOPMaJIbHbIX aJIKaHOB, BXO?AHnjHX B KepOCHHO-ra3oliJle- Byio 4)paKAHIO He4)TH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95. M. A. r e A M a H, A. 51. JI a p H H. Ilo lytieHHe alHOHHbIX noBepxHoCT- Ho-aKTHBHbIX BenjeCTB H3 He()TH, He()THHbIX, 6ypoyrOJlbHbIX, CJIaH- ueBblX H TOp(PHHbIx AHCTHJIJIHTOB . . . . . . . . . . . . 9T A. A. M e JI b H H K 0 B, A. (D. ii JI a T 9. CH1HTe3 aTaliOHHbIx yrJIeBOAO- pOAOB AJIH HCCJIe1 oBaHHH JIHrPOHHO-KepOCHHOBbIX 4)paKUHr4 1,2-AH- 3aMelueHHble uHKJIOneHTaHbl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99' ,L . H. 3 y JI b 4) y r a p JI bi. MHKpO3JIeMeHTbI He(1)Teli A3ep6aliAxcana . 102 JI. rl. K y JI a'B, B. U. JI o n a T H H C K H H. (DapMaJlbuerHAHb1H cnoc06 pa3AeJleHHH OCHOBHbIX KOMrIOHeHTOB cbiporo alTpaueHa H HeKOTO- pble II TH HCnOJIb3oBaHHH Kap6a30JIa . . . . . . . . . . . 105, C. H. XpoMOB, E. C. Ba.lIeHKOBa, H. A. CeHAoBa, B. A. Ka- 3 a H C K H A. KBTaJIHTHHeCKHe npeapaujeHHH 1,1-ABy3aMenueHHbix yraeBOAOpouoB uHKJOreKCaHOBOrO pHAa . . . . . . . . . . 107 JI. A. M e JI H K a A 3 e. H3yveHHe 4)nyopecunpyIOlunx coe 10HeHHll He4). TH c ueJIbIO HX HCnOJIb30BaHHH B ae4)eKTOCKOIIHH McTaIJIOB . . 110' P. M. JI a r H A 3 e. CHHTe3bl MOAeJlbHb1X nOJIHUHKJIH9eCKHx yrJIeBOAO- pOAOB He4)TH COCTaBa C16-C25 Ha 6a3e aueTHJIeHOBbIX rJIHxoJlell 117 B. B. K JI H M e H 0 K. ,aenap,a4)HHH3aUHH He4)THHbIX AHCTHJIJIHTOB BoA- HbIM paCTBOPOM Kap6aMHAa . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 114 U. r. HrOHHH, M. r. MHTp04)aHOB, H. a. jjeCHTOBa, B. H. 3 a B H A 0 B. IIOJIyiieHHe Ha4)TeHOBbIx KHCJIOT McTOAOM OKH- cJIeHHH uHKJIOnapa4HHOB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116 H. II. MenbHHKOBa, A. 3. aoporo'IHHCKHfi, 0. H. CBeTO- 3 a p O B a. Co4eTaHHe XpoMaTOrpa4HiieCKOii aacop61HH C H36H- paTeJIbH6IM rHApHPOBaHHeM nPH allaJIH3e AHCTHJIJIHTOB BTOpH4H0- ro npOHCxoxcJeHHH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118 M. K. ZbHKOBa, A. B. BOJIb-3niuTe1 H, H. A. ,IjaBTHH, Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 M. H. )K'a P O B a. HCCJIeAOBaHHe CTPyKTyPbI BbICOKOKIInHlUHX (pe- HOJIOB cpeAHeTeMnepaTypHOH cMOJIbI IepeMxoBCKHX yrJleli H ee >KHA- Ko4Ia3HOro rHAporeHH3aTa H rHAporeHH3auxoHHa5i nepepa60TKa Hx Ha ueHHble HH3nlne (peHOJIbl . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 120 K. K. TI e 6 e A e B. 0 cnHTe3e Her4UpOJIH3yeMblx BemeCTB B Top(pax 122 E A. HoBHIIKOBa, B. E. PaKOBCKHI, T. ,IZ. KoHOueBa, (D. JI. KaraHOBH9, X. H. PHBKHHa. MexaHH3M TepMHVecxoH AeCTpyKU11H H CHHTC3a KOKCa . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124 M. B. L H H e p 0 B H Ii, B. r. fl J1 10 C H H H. HOBble peal`eHTbI RJIH (pJloraulH yrneH . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 127 A. A. KpHVxo, 1Z. H. fleenHHa, TI. C. COBeTOBa, JI. H. IIIa- r H H a. flony4eHHe XHMH4eCKHX HPOAYKTOB H3 nepBH4HbIX KBMeH- HOyrOJIbHbIX CMOJI McTOAaMH rHAp0reHH3auHH H0A HeBbICOKHM AaBJleHHeM . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129 B. B. TI e 6 e A e B. HoBble McTOAb1 npoH3BOACTBa B0J 0 01 a Ha OCHOBe TBepAbIX TOHJIHB . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131 H. K. K n o n o T 0 B, C. H. fI a H q e H K 0. KnaccH4)HKauHB yrne#, OCHOBaHH'aH Ha pa3JlH'IHH nX XHMHlleCKO11 nPHPOabl . . . . . . 134 B. 1. KpyrJIHKOB, H. B. PanonopT, A. B. BOJIb1HCKHA, B. B. M y 3 0 B C K H H. BbICOKOnpoH3BoAHTenbHble npouecc i CHH- Te3a H3 CCO H Hex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 136 Pe,aaKTOpbI OprKOMnTera VIII McHAeJleeBCKoro c1be3Aa M. H. MUTeAbMUH H B. H. XOMyToB CAaHO B Ha6op 21X 1958 r. 17oAn. B nevaTb 271XI 1958 r. IDOpMaT 6yM. 60 x 9211,. Rm it. 8,75. Ye.-H3A. JIKCT. 6,4 T-11973 THpaxc 3200 H3A. JA 3660 TKn. saK. 1010 Secnaameo H3AaTeJ1bCTBO AKaAeMHK HayK CCCP. MOCKBa, flOA000eH.KKO nep., A. 21 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6 CTpa- HHua 14 CH. 5 CB. 4 CH. I CH. A06aMeHHA BoAopoAa - yr.neBOAopoAOB BbIHeceHHH AaBJ1eHHA BOAOpoAa yMeHbmaeTCA yrJ1eBoAoB BHeceHHA 2 CB. 7 CH. 600 H reKCaAeKaHa 6000 reKCaAeKaHa, reKTaAeKaHa H OKTaAeKaHa 97 16 CH. HpsMoreHHbie HpAMorOHHbie 99 I CH. Pt/C.Pb-vepHb Pt/C, Pd-ZiepHb 101 9, 10 CH. TpaHCH3oMepa TpaHCH30MepOB 113 21 cH. Pd/c Pd/C 121 5 CB. KaJibuHeaoro KOJ1bI;eBOro Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/05/24: CIA-RDP80T00246AO49200450001-6