CHIRCHIK CHEMICAL PLANTS

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Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0
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RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
C
Document Page Count: 
26
Document Creation Date: 
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date: 
October 26, 2010
Sequence Number: 
1
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
November 2, 1959
Content Type: 
REPORT
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CENTRAL .INTELLIGENCE AGENCY This material contalna Information affect l" the National Defines of the United States within the meaning of the ipioaage Laws. Title 18. V.B.C. Sees. Tat and 7N, the tsanmalselan or revelation of which In any manner to an unauthorlsed person Is prohibited by law. COUNTRY USSR (Uzbek SSR 11 y Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 DATE DISTR. a No vemlae *- )9s7 NO. PAGES REFERENCES DATE OF INFO. PLACE & DATE ACQ. Irritating Smoke from Elektro: ombinat 1. During summer 1958 and spring 1959, and for periods of two to three. months, the inhabitants. of Chi chik noticed the following: two or three times a week, and always in the afternoon, a yellowish smoke emitted from the smokestacks of Elektrokhimkombinat (Electro- Chemical Plant) in the outskirts of Chrichik. This lasted for about one-half hour. When the wind carried the smoke into towh, people felt a burning sensation in the exposed parts of their bodies, and their eyes began to water. Sometimes the irritation was so great that for relief they would pat the affected areas with their handkerchiefs. When the smoke was carried to Settlement(zhilgorodok) No. 11+ inhabitants left their homes and did not Tat until the smoke was gone. The smoke was odorless. Uzbekkhimmash 2. A report on the Uzbek Chemical, Machinery Plant i/{a Frunze (Uzbekkhimmash) in Chirchik Very general information is given on plant labor force, salaries, and markings data. Production data were unknown. Sketches and legends are given for plant layout. C- O-N-F- I-D-E-N-T- I-A-L 50X1-HUM Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 JV/~ I-I IVIVI 1. The Uzbek Chemical Machinery ilding Plant i/m Frunze (Uzbokakiy KhimjcheBkiy Mashino-Stroite:L Zavod i/m Frunze), also known as Uzbekkhl mash, ocated in the outskirts of Chi, z%1_7S_9R, Usbekkhimmash was built before World War IIland until 1912 it was a part of the Elektrokhi.m- kombinat (Electro-Chemical Combine). In 19b2, however, machinery taken from r plans the European areas of the USSR which were evacuated was installed at Uzbekkhimmasho At that time the plant became independent of Elektrokhim- kombinat, and was subordinated to the Ministry of Medium Machine Construction, It was given the name Middle Asian Chemical Machinery Building Plant (Sredni Aziats Khimicheski Mashino-StroitelnYy Zavod) which was abbrevi-~ WWLI~ od` a"' `Yo T9 Be ale to S as a r t no c angel were effected. In 19 7, however., the plant 50X1-HUM was turned over to the Sovaarkhoz'of the Uzbek SSR, in Tashkent, at which time it received its present named the plant management 50X1-HUM as well as the workers were pleased with the change in subordination; help and guidance were received faster from Tashkent than from Moscow. In 1958 the Second Mechanical Shop and Second Boiler Shop (KotelrOL Tsekh)were established; t h e Forge (Kuznets Tsekh and First er were enlarged in June 1959 2, U%bekk'himmash produced boilers for sugar factories and for the production u P alcohol. It also produced co ressors which, the monthly production report which was pub ishco 50X1-HUM by the plant gave the figures either in rubles or in percentages, an.d no,.-. in number of items produced? C-O-N-pF-I-D-E-N-T-I--A-L 50X1-HUM Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 . Ti Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 3. The Consumers' Goods Shop (Shirprotreb) produced up to 40,000 items of kitchonware per month, which wasas'ir ued at about 260,000 rubles, The items consisted of flatware and various kitchen spoons and ladles. Up to 1956 these itens were produced from the factory's steel scraps. Fron 1956 on, however,, the scrap was piled in the plant's yard; the flatware was then manufactured from stainless steel shoots 'of one or two millimeter thickness, which were purchased from other plants. 4. When 1ioissei Nikolabrevich Platonov took over as director of the plant in 1952 quotas were not being fulfilled and the plant was subsidized. After that, however, quotas were always met. The peak year for production was 1958, when the plant made a net profit of nine and a half million rubles. 5, 6, 50X1-HUM 50X1-HUM in 1958 some letters of com- plaint had been received from Czechoslovakia, Hungary and 50X1 HUM China. these countries had received boilers manup - factured at Uzbekkhiiranaah and were dissatisfied with them, which brought disgrace to the, USSR. An immediate improvement in production was ordered. production of boilers was 50X1-HUM to be stepped up and production of compressors to be cut down. 7, All raw material was received through the Sovnarkhoz of the Uzbek SSR, and the original source of supply was not known Once only, in 1958, an announcement was made that a change was to take place and that ,stainless steel sheets would be ordered from Kiev. This, it was stated, was because of the complaints of the ` Consumers' Goods Shop on the' poor quality of" steel sheets received.' The stainless steel sheets received subsequent to the change were of far better quality. 8. Uzbekkhirtenash was supplied with power by Flektrokhimkombinat, Water was taken from the Chirchik water system. Coke and coal were used to pro-vide heat and steam. In the first half of 1959, however, a large' pipeline for natural gas was being laid in the vicinity of both factories, It was officially announced that it wasa portion of a pipeline which would extend from Bukhara (N 39-46, B.64-25) to Alma-Ata (N 143.15, E 76-57). As soon as the. pipeline reached Chirchik, Blektrokhirakonbinat and Uzbekkhi.mnash were to convert to the use of natural gas. Labor FQrce 9, estimated the factory's labor force at about 3,040 people, 20% of whore 50X1-HUM were women. of the total, approximately 3.,000 persons worked in supervisory,, administrative and technical positions. Up to 19149, a large number of Japanese prisoners of war had worked in the factory=. many North Koreans' began working 50X1-HUM there? In 1958, 'rdghachool girls and boys reported for work as part of the program to have high-school students work in a factory or a kolkhoz before entering a university. A large blackboard near the entrance to the factory listed the factory's needs for help. The applicants responded quickly, and the factory was never short of help. The applicants submitted their labor book, a certificate of residence, and a certificate of-education,', Those who were accepted for employment were required to -ass'a physical examination given by the dispensary, 3.0, E-ach fall, during the cotton harvest time, a considerable number of workers was laid off. The excuse was that there was insufficient work, It was gen- erally believed, however, that it vas cone for the purpose of releasing people for use in picking cotton. according to Soviet law, workers who are dismissed receive 15 days' pay, With this money, some workers went to other areas and they frequently did not return,, Therefore, Uzbekkhi :.ash-had to employ many- new workers in the late fall of each year, Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 C-0-H-F-I-D-L-.1-T-I-A-L - 3 - Approximately 20% of the labor force was fired annually. The main reasons for firing workers were drunkenness and talking back to the super- visors. Lateness for work and absenteeism were not severely punished, A worker could be late for work two or three times a year without being reprimanded. Attendance of administrative personnel was checked at the main entrance, where a pass was turned in. The workers handed their passes to a checker (tabelahchitsa)in the shop. The passes were distributed to the workers at ego he day. Was 11, Workers were paid on Use basis of number of pieces produced, as shown on the work orders. All other personnel was on a straight salary basis. The director received 3,500 rubles a'month, In addition, he was given a business car and living quarters. He received a bonus of 1,500 rubles when the plant fulfilled its quota, In the Consumers# Goods Shop salaries ranged from 350 rubles paid to women operating the polishing machines to 1,100 rubles paid to men operating the presses. the 50X1-HUM discrepancy between women's and men's pay was because men complained louder and their salaries were raised more frequently, in 50X1-HUM effect, salaries decreased each year, because daily quotas were raised. 12, The following deduct ns were m _ income tax, 10%, state loan, 10%, labor union dues, 1%; Red Cross, 3 rubles a year. Pay days were twice a month, on the 10th and 25th day. On the 25th, only 13. advances were made, and final accounting was done on the 10th. About eight or nine times a year the pay was delayed three to four days. The excuse given for such delays was that there was no money available in the State Bank (Gosbank). Limited overtime was authorized; however, workers were never paid of r =the overtime they uorkedo The last ten days each month long work hours were required from everyone. The Consurnera' Goods Shop worked about fifteen Sundays a year, 14. Leave was based on the type of work performed, not on seniority. The two most important factors taken into consideration were the temperatures to which the worker was subjected, and the extent to which his health was affected by the work. Haximum annual leave was 24 working daVe. The time each employee was to take his leave was announced by a shop order signed by the chief of the shop. Leave was compulsory, even though only about 10% of the workers could afford to take leave and lose the extra pay resulting from overtime and higher production, There were two ways of avoiding taking leave. The worker could go on leave, but would be called back to work by a shop order. This method required previous arrangement with the chief of the shop. The other way was for the worker to come in and work unofficially,'in which case the forerun made out the orders in the name of another worker, The two workers shared the pay. The factory had its own rest center (d ha) which charged 12 rubles a day. Few workmen could afford to go tere. Sec 15. The guard force consisted of 14 persons, mostly elderly men and women. There were only three entrances to be guarded; two for the personnel, and one for Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 the train. The guards were not very efficient; furthermore, they could easily be bribed to overlook it when things were carried out of the plant. Safety 16, The factory had a small fire brigade; there were no practice drills. There was a safety inspector, but most safety precautions were not strictly en- forced and many accidents occurred. In 1958, five press operators in the Consumers' Goods Shop lost the fingers of their left hands. Civil Defense 17. No one paid any attention to civil defense orders. The chief of the responsible office, 3ondarenko (fnu) was imanded failing to carry out his duties. Bondarenko and his staff were 50X1-HUM receiving training in the use of gas masks. A cnenist, Itanov (fnu had given some lectures on atomic raids and 'protection from radiation. There were no bomb shelters in 50X1-HUM the factory. 18. In 1957, construction of a club for the workmen was completed. The club, which was located in town, was a large building which cost the factory ten million rubles. It housed a movie, a theatre, a large dance or assembly hall, a restaurant and a library, Theatre groups from Tashkent came regularly to perform in the club's theatre. Plays were given in the Russian, Uzbek and Tatar languages. The foundry, forge and boiler shop had saunas which could be used by all employees. Personalities 19o Personalities in the plants 50X1-HUM Moissei 'Nikolayevich Platonov became director of the plant. he was first engineer until 1952, and then Konstantin Fillipovicln 7aierebchuk who was first enginoer.. Aleksandrov (fnu), j who was the first technologist,, Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Factor? Harkink,s 20. The trademark of the factory was a round petal disk, about 8 centimeters in diau-eter. In the center there was a bunch offlowers (or wheat). Around the upper semi-circle, written in capital Cyrillic letters were the words: ZAVOD UZi3EKKiIIi?a?,ASH. The trademark was fastened to each piece of equipment with two little bolts. (See sketch below) 50X1-HUM 21L, In addition to the trademark, an identification plate was fastened in the same manner to each piece of equipment. The plate was 12 x 20 centimeters, and was made from sheet iron on which the words "size", "weight", "pressure", and "number" were stemped., They were followed by a blank space which was filled in for each individual piece. (See sketch below) n Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 \rea ,bourn! t:zb,kkhimmasn 22 Follotrir is jr, acinotat(:, s,r tct. of t l( L;.IT.SA. .....+.....w? , IN A.~4 , ...tA KCi j *,..Y.,..~.w..~.,-.v...+...r..~..-. riot to Scale Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 50X1-HUM C-O-H-F-I D-E-N4-I-a?L -7- Le end 1. Usbekkhirmnash 2. The section of E1cktrokhitrltot tbinat which houses the rain shops (Usbekkhimmash divided Elektrokiiirakoinbinat in two sections). 3. The section of rlektrokhix*ombinat which houses the auxiliary shops. 4, Central Recreational Park (Tsentralnyy Park Ot a) Brick building used as barracks for an infantry battalion. the battalion's only duty was to defend k:lektrokhimkombinat and Uzbekkhimrlash in case of emergency, 6. .movie theatre built by Elektrokhin-kombinat for its workers and named after it. Uzbekkhimmash workers were also permitted to attend the,film showings. 7e Workers' Settlement (Zhilgorodok) Number l4,'which`had previously been used as a camp for Japanese prisoners of war. Its address was Zheleznodorozhnaya Ulitsa, and the house numbers were from 1 to 57. The settlement consisted of brick houses of one to five apartments and brick barracks of fifteen apartments. Only the kitchens of each apartment had running water. There was no plumbing in the buildings, only outhouses. The settlement received its electric power from Elektroichimkombinat. Power, however, was scarce, available usually only in the evenings and during the night. Occasionally it was completely cut off. There were coal burning stoves in each apartment'for hceati our poses. The co could be purchased from Uzbekkhimmash. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 "8_ Description of the Plant 23. The plant was about 600 x 400 meters. The ground within the factory walls was level and all roads had been asphalt paved in 1953. Except for the factory park, there were no-trees or shrubbery in the area. Following is a description of Uzbekkhimmash (the numbers correspond to those on the sketch of the plant which is on page 12.) 1. The Administration Building . a three-story brick building with a gable roof. The main entrance to the plant for pedestrians and vehicles was through an alleyway in this building. The following offices were housed in the Administration Building. First Floor a. The Bookkeeping Department, with about 18 employees. Bondarenko (fnu) was Chief Bookkeeper. b. Personnel Office (Otdel Kadrov), with five employees, Kravsina (fnu) was ief. C. Finance and Sales Department (Otdel Finansov i Sbyta), with four employees. Supply Department (Otdel Snabzhenira), with eight employees,, Chernovskiy (fnu) was iC ef~~.....~ e. A self-service mesehall, which could take care of only 1O% of the workmen during the one-Hour lunch period. Most of the workers were forced to bring their lunch from home. Second Floor a. Director's Office b. Deputy Director's Office c. Accounting Office (Idashino Shch(tnaya Stantsiya), All written orders (n ad) from eaahs. oo were sent to this office for checking ccounting. The orders were then forwarded t6 the Department of Wages and Labor (Otdel Zarplaty i Truda). d. Conference room for the management e. Department of Wages and Labor (O.T.Z.) This department was responsible for keeping the plant's payroll under the prescribed ceiling. When the payroll went over the ceiling, the director lost his bonus. The O.T.Z. constantly tried to keep the salaries low by raising the production norm, The workers believed that the O.T.Z. attempted to keep the workers from making more than 700800 rubles per month. The forewoman (naryadnitsa) in each departmcnt was a representative of the O.T.Z. f, Office of the Technologist, with about 34 employees, half of whom were university graduates. g. Office of the Chief Engineer, with three employees, h. Construction Office, which was subordinate to the Chief Engineer's Office, There were forty-five employees. 50X1-HUM Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001- i. Construction Office for Centrifugal :Machines (' ro Tsentro- bezhr Mashin), with three employees. The designs o r'~ special orders of the Sovnarhhoz were drawn in this office. ~. The Secret Office (Sekre ro), Chief. of which was a lieutenant colonel of the Air Force. the Air Force officer was in'charge of plans to convert the plant to military production if the need arose, This officer frequently visited the Boiler Shop (Koteln Tsekh) and the Foundry (Lit. Tsekh), where class ie pa~were manu- factured according his orders. A/ draftsman from the Office of the Technologist did the 50X1-HUM s or the Secret Shop after regular work hours. k. Military (Mobilization Office (Kabinet p Vo enno Mobilizatsii), chief of which was Bondarov (fnu he o ??ice was in charge of all matters pertaining to civil defense and maintenance of liaison with the local draft board (raivoyenkomat). 1, Office of the N.V.D. Representative, which was a restricted area. It was the M.V.D. representative's responsibility to investigate all criminal and political cases in the plant. The N.V.D. representative always wore civilian clothes. Third Floor a: Library, which could be used by all employees of the factory. b. Labor Union Office. Davidenko (fnu) was representative of the Labor Union. c. The Party Committee (Partkom) Office, with nine. employees Party first' secretary wvidov (fnu) and second secretary was Kamaledinov (fnu). d. The Technical Control Office (Otdel Tekhnicheskovo Kontrolya - O. T. K.) , Chief of which was an engineer named Ale senko JIM), p inspectors (kontrolft), The Technical Con trol Office was also responsible for the preparation of the envelopes (fat ) containing the papers (e.g. installation and operation instructions, etc.) which accompanied every piece of equipment, a. The Editorial Office of the factory newspaper The TNachine Builder ~ (Mashino Stroitel), the wall-posted newspaper stengazeta), a-ng the sasatyr c newspaper Porcupine ( ). 2. The factory garage, located in a brick building. The factory had two cars (for the Director and the Chief Engineer) and the garage maintained and repaired them. 3. The Second Boiler Shop (Kotolnyy Tsekh). The stop worked in three shifts, with about sixty woT rkers on each shift.-" 4. The First riechanical Shop, where parts for compressors and boilers were finished and polished. The shop worked in three shifts. C-0?ti-F-I-D-E-N-T.I-A-L Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 . cazi Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 50 The Repair Shop, with approximately 60 workers on each of the three shifts.3 The factory's heavy machinery and the four locomotives belonging to the plant were repaired in this shop, 6, The Laboratory, consisting of two departraents: a. The Chemical Section, with two chemists, where the compo- sition of metals was tested. b, The Gauging Section (Izmeritelnyyy Otdel), where the accuracy of certain instruments was checked. There was a total of twenty-five employees, who worked on one shift. The Foundry (Lite' Tsekh) where spare parts were cast in pig-iron, The furnaces were coafed; large quantities of oxygen were used in the Foundry. In addition to its regular work for Uzbekkhimmash, the Foundry also received orders 'directly from the Sovnarkhoz. These orders were given the same priority as those of the factory. The Foundry worked in three shifts 8. Carpentere'-Shop (Mode Tsekh) where wooden premolds were made. In addition, they in "We places of furniture for use in the factory. Forty-two workers were employed in this shop, and worked one shift, 9, The Consumers' Goods Shop, where kitchen utensils were manufactilred. The shop employed about 150 persons who worked in three shifts. The shop had six presses, thirty-five grinding wheels, and ten polishing machines, Chief of the shop was Mikhail Ivanovich Leonti ev The three foremen employed in the shop received 9 0 rubles per month, and a bonus of 250 rubles whenever the shop's quota was fulfilled. The foremen were required to work ten hours a day. 10. The Lumber Shop, including the lumber yard (stroy byuro), Petrenko (fnu) was chief. The shop had 35 workers who worked one shift. Roughcut lumber, was cut into boards from which packing crates were made. U. The Compressor building, where the central air compressor was housed. Three or four persons were in charge of its maintenance. 12. The Instrument Shop (Instrumentanlyy Tsekh) where small parts and tools,requiring precwork, were made and rigged (osnastka). The shop was also responsible. for repairs of complex test gg ein quip- mont, Skodin (fnu), was Chief,. Approximately 32 highly 50X1-HUM skilled work-era were employed in this shop; they worked in two shifts,3 one at full force and the other at half force. The Instrument Shop had )J lathes,, an electric kiln and an oil and a water bath. 11 The First Boiler Shop (Kote2aM Tsekh) which was the most important shop of the plant, It was 10 meters high and h d a glass gable roof, Four hundred em loyees worked in three shifts. Petrozhenov fnu was chief of the hoe (The 50X1-HUM broken lines on the sketch indicate the direction in which the shop was being enlarged 50X1-HUM Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 C-O-N-F-I-D-E N;-T-I-A-L 14. The Second Mechanical Shop (Mekhanichaskyy Tsekh i410'-, 2) where parts for compressors and bo' crs were inished andpolished. Approximately 150 persons worked in two shifts.3 15. An auxiliary shop which made bolts, nuts and rivets. 16. The Dispensary (Vied t). The factory had its own hospital, a two-story building cn Sovetskaya Ulitsa, across from the Farmers' 1 arcet (Kolkhoz Rynok), in Chirchik. The hospital doctors, including the dentists,, had visiting hours at the plant dispensary twice a week. Only factory employees, no dependents, were admitted for treatment. The dispensary had an ambulance. 17. The Forge (Kuznets Tse)ch) where large spare parts were stamped and finished. There was one press with a capacity of 10,0003tons; it operated. by compressed air. The Forge worked two shifts, with 75 workers on each, Dzhimilev (fnu) was Chief. 18, The metals yard, where various kinds of metals were stocked. Some were stored indoors and others lay in the open. 19. The plant's railroad, which is a spuline of the Tashkent-Chirchik main line, 200 a wall, two meters high, with barbed wire at the top. 21. A small. park. 22, The Fire House, with one fire engine. The factory's fire brigade worked in cooperation with the fire brigade of Elektrokhimkombinat. In 1956s when a fire broke out in the plant's foundry, the fire brigade from Elektrokhimkombinat aided in putting it out. The damage from the fire amounted to about 15,000 rubles. C-O-N- '-1 ;D-E-N-T-I-A-L Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 La~out of Uzbekkhiinnas . r~ .~..orrir r +r~rr x2 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 V~'~./?~'.11l-j wZ--y~..y1_~'... 21 19 00M, Not to scale C-O-11-F-I D E-i -T-I-A L 17 18 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 C-0-N-F-I- -W-T-I-A-L . .. Field Comments: to 2. The "items of value" were not specified. 3. The hours per shift were not given. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 50X1-HUM to NFIDENTIAI 1. The Uzbek Chemical Machinery i/n Frunze (Usbekskir Odadchaskiy Mashino-Stroi Zt~od Frunze), also as Uzbekkhizmiash, IS loc ated In the outskirts or CD s e R. Usbekkhinzaash was built before World War II and until 1912 it was a part of the ' Elektrokhinl- (Blectro-Chemical Combine). In'191s2, howwever, machinery taken from p wain the European areas of the USSR which were evacuated was installed at UsbakkIdanash. At that tine the plait beeami independent of Elektrokhis- hOnbiaatt, and was subordinated to.the Ministry of Medium Machine Construction. It was given the name Middle Asisn'Chenical Machinery Building Plant Ddmichesk Nwhino-Stroitelnyy Zavod) which was abbrevi- no ted lee were ac. In 1 9 s however, the plant 50X1-HUM -1 Oii] was turned over to the Sovnarkhoz?of the'Usbek SSR, in Tashkent, at which tine it received its present name. the plant management 50X1-HUM as well as the workers were pleased with the change in subordination; help and guidance were received faster from Tashkent than from Moscow. In 1958 the Second Mechanical Sbop and Second Boiler Shop (Hotslm~ T.ekh)were established the Fore (lusnatovy Tsekh) and First Boiler were m1arged in uns 50X1-HUM Pi ct3+on 2.- Usbekkhimoash produced boilers for sugar factories and for the production of 44abol. It also produced compressors wbich because the wont ly production report which was published plant gave the figures either in rubles or in percentages, and not in ealber of items produced. C?.O4-F-I4D-E-N-T-I-A-L 50X1-HUM AT"ff'' Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP8 C-0-N-F-I-D-E-N-T-I A-L 3. The Consumers' Goods Shop (Sh treb) produced up to 40,000 items of kitchenware per month, whits was valued at about 260,000 rubles. The items consisted of flatware and various kitchen spoons and ladles. Up to 1956 these items were produced from the factory's steel scraps. From 1956 on, however, the scrap was piled in the plant's yard; the flatware was then maraifactur ed from stainless steel sheets of one or two millimeter thickness, which were purchased from other plants. 4. When Hoissei Nikolayevich Platonov took over as director of the plant in 1952 quotas were not being fulfilled and the plant was subsidized. After that, however, quotas were always met. The peak year for production was 1958, when the plait made a net profit of nine and a half million rubles. in 1958, some letters of oom- . receive nom Csecho ov a, Hungary and China. these countries had received boilers manu- factured at Uzbekkhimmash and were dissatisfied with them, which brought disgrace to the USSR. An immediate improvement in production was ordered, 6. to be stepped up and production of compressors to be cut down. production of boilers was 7. All raw material was received through the Sovnarkhoz of the Uzbek'SSR, and the original source of supply was not known Once only, in 1958, SIR aooncunoement was made that a change was to-take place and that stainless steel sheets would be ordered from Kicv. This, it was stated, was because of the complaints of the Consumers' Goods Shop on the poor quality of steel sheets received. The stainless steel sheets received subsequent to the change were of far better quality. Usbekkhisamaeh was supplied with power by ' Elektrokhimkanbinat., Water was taken from the Chirthik water syete . Coke and c?al were used to provide beat and steam. In the first half of 1959,'however, a large'pipeline for natural gas was being laid in the vicinity,of both factories. It was off"lcially announced .that it wesa portion of a pipeline which would extend from Bukhara (N 39446, E 64-25) to Alma-Ata (N 43-15#_4 76-57). As won as the pipeline reached Chirchik, FIskttwkhimkcr-binat and Uzbekkhimmash were to convert to the use of natural gas. 50X1-HUM 50X1-HUM 50X1-HUM Labor Force A 9. estimated the factory's labor force at about 3,000 people, 20% of whom 50X1 -HUM wars women, of the total, approximately 1,000 persons worked in supervisory, administrative and technical positions, Up to 1949, a 1 number of Japanese prisoners of war had worked in the factory. many North Koreans began working 50X1-HUM there, In 19 , girls reported for work as part of the program to have hig6chool students work in a factory cc a: kolkhoz before entering a university, A large blaiicboard near the entrance to the factory. listed the factory's needs for help, The applicants responded quickly, and the factory was never short of:help. The applicants submitted their labor book, a certificate of residence, and a certificate of education. Those who were accepted for employment were required to pass a physical examination given by the dispensary. 10. Each fall, during the cotton harvest time, a considerable number of workers was laid off. The excuse was that there was insufficient work. It was gene- erally believed, however, -that it was done for the purpose of releasing people for use in picking cotton. Lccording to Soviet law, workers who are dismissed receive 15 days' pay. With this money,:some workers went to other areas and they frequently did not return. Therefore, Uzbekkhimmash had to employ many new workers in the late fall of each year. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 50X1-HUM s 3 Approdmately 20% of the labor force was fired annually. The main reasons for firing workers were drunkenness and talking back to the super. views. Lateness for work and absenteeism were not severely punished. A worker could be late for work two or three times a year without being reprimanded. Attendance of administrative personnel was checked at the .main entrance, where a pass was turned in. The workers handed their passes to a checker (tabelshchitsa)in the shop. The passes were distributed to the workers at a end o the day. wages 11. Workers were paid on the basis of number of pieces produced, as shown on the work orders. All other personnel was on a straight salary basis. The director received 3,500 rubles a month. In addition, he was given a business car and living quarters. He received a bonus of 1,500 rubles when the plant fulfilled its quota. In the Consumers' Goods Shop salaries ranged from 350 rubles paid to women operating the polishing machines, to 1,100 rubles paid to men operating-the presses, that the 50X1-HUM discrepancy between women's and men's pay was because men complained louder and their salaries were raised more -frequently. in 50X1-HUM effect, salaries decreased each year, because daily quotas were raised. The following were income tax, 1096, state loan, 10%, labor union dues, 1 ; Red Cross, 3 rubles a year. '13. Pay days were twice a month, on'the 10th and 25th daffy. On the 25th, only advances were made, and final accounting was done on the 10th. About eight or nine times a year the p4y was delayed three to four days. The excuse given for such delays was that there was no money available in, the State Hants (Gosbank). Limited overtime was-authorized; however, workers were never paid IoF the overtime they Tmrked.' The_ last' ten days each nonth long work hours were required from everyone. The Consumers' Goods Shop worked about fifteen Sundays a year. 14. Leave was based on the type of work performed, not on seniority. The two most important factors taken into consideration were the temperatures to which the worker ways sub3ected, and the extent to which his health was affected by the work. Maximum annual leave was'2h working days. The time each employee was to take his leave was announced by a shop order signed by the chief of the shop. Leave was compulsory, even though only about 10% of the workers could afford to take leave and lose the extra pay resulting from overtime and higher production. There were two ways of avoiding taking leave. The worker could go on leave, but would be called bade to work by a shop order. This'method required previous arrangement with the - chief of the shop. The other way was for the worker to cane in and work unofficially, ' in which case the forerun ride out the orders'in the name of another worker. The two workers shared the pay, The factory had its dun rest oentbr (dom otd cha which charged 12 rube's a day. Few workmen could afford to go there. 15. The guard force consisted of lh persons, mostly elderly men and women. There were only three entrances to be guard?ds two for the personnel, and one for 50X1-HUM Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T0 G-O-N-F-I-D-E-N-T-I-A-L the train. The guards were not very efficient; furthermore, they could easily be bribed to overlook it when things were carried out of the plant. 50X1-HUM 50X1-HUM Safety 16. The factory had a snall fire brigade; there trere no practice drills. There was a safety inspector, but most safety precautions were not strictly en- forced and maser accidents occurred. In 1958, five press operators in the Consumers' Goods Shop lost the fingers of their left hands. Civil Defense 17. a one paid ar{}r attention to civil defense orders. The chief of the responsible office, Bond renko (t'laat fwinn fn-r failing to carry out his duties, d its staff were 50X1-HUM receiving training in the use o gas masks. A ch st, Itanov (fnu), had given some lectures on atomic raids and protection from radiation. the factory. There were no bomb shelters in 50X1-HUM Recreational facilities 3,8. In 195?, construction of a club for the workmen was completed. The club, which was located in tam, was a large building which .cost tie factory ten million rubles. It housed a movie, as theatre, a large dance or assembly hal, a restaurant and a library'. Theatre groups from Tashkent came regularly to perform in the club's theatre. Plays were given in the Russian, 50X1-HUM tisbek and Tatar languages. The foundry, forge and boiler shop had saunas which could be used by all employees. Personalities 190 personalities in the plant: 50X1-HUM )oieeei Nikola rich Platonov - he was first engineer until 1952, and.then beeme director of the plant. Kcostantin Fillipovich Zherebchuk first engineer. Alekaandr v (tbn), who was the first te*hnologist C-O-N-F-I-)4-N-T-I-A-L Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 C-0-N-F-I-.-E-N-T- I-A-L 50X1-HUM A> Around UZb6kkIdmmash 22. Ponowirg 3s an annotated sketch of the Uzbekkh3m~nash area; ? EZNUUOROZHNAYA ULITSA Not to scale RIVER CHIRCHIK C-O-N-F-3-D-F N-T-I-A-L Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 -7- 1. Usbbekkhi ash 50X1-HUM The section of El akt~rokh3mkorr~binat-which houses the main shops (Uzbekkhlnamash divided Elektrokhimkombinat in two sections). 3. The section of Elektrokhimkcabinat which houses the auxiliary shops. 4. Central Recreational Park (Tsentralnyy Park OtArkha 5. Brick building used as barracks for an infantry battalion. the battalion's only duty was to defend 8lektrolthimkombinat and Uzbekkhirru-,ash in case of emergency. 6. A movie theatre built by Elektrokhimkombinat for its workers and named after it. Uzbeklchimmash workers were also permitted to attend the film showings, 7. Workers' Settlement (Zhlig ) Number 14, which had previously been used as a camp for Japanese pr:L sowers of war. Its address was Zheleznodorozhnapra Ulitsa, and the house numbers were from 1 to 57. The settlement consisted of brick houses of one to five apartments and brick barracks of fifteen apartments.' Only the kitchens of each apartment had ruming water. There was no plumbing in the buildings, only outhouses. The settlement received its electric power from Elektrokhimkombinat. Parer, however, was scarce, available usually only in the evenings and during the night. Occasionally it' was completely cutoff. There were coal burning stoves in each apartment'for heating urposes. The coal could be purchased from Uzbekkhfmmash. C-O-N-F-I-D-E-N T-I-A-L Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 C-O4- F-I-4D-8-N-T-Z-A-L .8- Descripti n of the Plant 23, The plant was about 600 x 400 meters. The ground within the factory walla was 3evelAnd all roads had been asphalt paved in 1953. Except for the factory park, there were no trees or shrubbery in the area. Following is a description of'Usbekkhimtnash (the numbers correspond to those on the sketch of the plant which is on page 12.) 1. The Administration Building - a three-story brick building with a gable roof. The main entrance to the plant for pedestrians and vehicles was through an allcy-way in this building. The following offices were housed in the Administration Building. First Floor a. The Bookkeeping Department, with about 18 employees. Bondarenko (fou) was Chief Bookkeeper, b. Personnel- Office (Otdel Kadrov), with five employees. Kravsina (fun) was Get. . c. Finance and Sales Department (Otdel Finansov i Sbyta), with four employees. d. Supply Department (Otdel 3nsbzhen3ra), with eight employees. Chernovskiy (fnu) was e e. A self-service 'messhall, which could take care of only 40% of the workmen during the one-hour lunch period. Most of the workers were forced to bring their lunch from hone. Second Floor a. Director's office b. Deputy Director's Office ce Accounting Office (Mashino Shchftnaya Stantsi, a). All written orders (!!!!Mad) from eaa each sire sent to this office for checkiiQand-accounting. The orders were then fortaarded to the Department of Wages and Labor (Otdel Zarplaty i Truda). Conference roan for the management Department of Wages and Labor (O.T.Z.) This department was responsible for keeping the plant's payroll under the prescribed ceiling. When the payroll went over the ceiling, the director lost his bonus. The O.T.Z. constantly tried to keep the salaries lea by raising the prpduction norm. The workers believed that the O.T.Z. attempted to keep the workers from making more than 700.800 rubles per bwnth. The forewoman (nasyadnitsa) in each department was a representative of the O.T. f. Office of the Technologist, with about 34 employees, half of Whom were university graduates. g. Office of the Chief Engineer, with three employees. h. Construction Office, which was subordinate to the Chief Engineer's Office. There were forty-five employees. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 -9- i. Construction Office for Centrifugal Machines (B Tsentro- bQ ) s with three employees. The designs pe corders Mashie of the Sovnarkhoz were dram in this office. J, The Secret Office (Sekre rr , Chief of which was a e lieutenant colonel off r Force .. the Air Force officer was in charge of plans to convert the , plant to military prodnatif the need arose. This officer frequently visited the Boiler Shop 1o2ts1 = Tsekh) and the Foundry Lite Teekh), where classified arts were manu- factured~ aiingto his orders. A] draftsman from the Office of the Technologist did the drafts for the Secret Shop after regular work hours. k, Military Mobilization Office (Kabinet poo Voyennoy Mobilizateii)s chief of which was Bondarov (M)., . he office was in charge of all matters pertaining to civil defense and maintenance of liaison with the local draft board (raivoyenkcmat). 1. Office of the M.V.D. Representative, which was.a restricted area, It was the M.V.D. representative's responsibility to investigate all criminal and political cases in the plant. The M.V.D. representative awaye wore civilian clothes. Third Floor a, Library, which could be used by all employees of the factory. b. Labor Union Office. Davidenko (feu) .was representative of the Labor Union. 50X1-HUM The Party Committee (Partkcm) Office, with nine employees. Party first secretary was Daavidov (feu) and second-secretary was Kamaledinov (feu), d. The Technical Control Office (Otdel Tekhnicheskovo Kontro a O.T.K.), Chief of which was an ezig named se o He. was the overall supervisor of all shop inspectors -(koqtro14r),' The Technical Zbnfibl 50X1-HUM Office was. also responsible for the preparation of the, envelopes (#*t.)z) containing the papers (e.g. installation and operation inst uctions, etc.)' which accompanied every piece of equipment. e. The Editorial Office of the factory newspaper The Machine Builder (Mashino Stroitel), the.itall-posted newspaper (Eengaze a ,ao s newspaper Porcupine (e c 2. The factory garage, located in a brick building. The factory had two cars (for the Director and the Chief Engineer) and the garage maintained and repaired them. The Second-Boiler Shop (Kate Tsekh). The shop worked in three shifts, with about sixty wor on each- shift. 4. The First Mechanical Shop, where parts for compressors and boilers were finished and polished. The shop worked in three shifts. CO-N-F-I-D-E-N:T-I-A-L 50X1-HUM Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246A051200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 The Repair Shop, with approacimately 60 workers on each of the three shifts. The factory's heavy machinery and the four locomotives belonging to the plant were repaired in this shop. 6. The Laboratory, consisting of two departments: a. The Chemical Section, with two chemists, where the compo- sition of metals was tested. The Gauging Section (Izmaritelry Otdel), where the accuracy of certain instruments was checked. There was a total of twenty-five employees,'who worked on one shift. 7. The Foundry (UteLi= Tsekh) where spare parts were cast in pig-iron. The furnaces were coal fed; large quantities of oxygen were used in the Foundry. In addition to its regular work for Uzbeklchin hash, the Foundry also received orders directly from the Sovnarkhoz. These orders were given the same priority as those of the factory. The Foundry worked in three shifts. The shop employed about 150 persons who worked in three shifts. The shop had six presses, thirty-flvo grinding wheels, and ten polishing machines. Chief of the shop was Mikhail Ivanovich 8. Carpenters' Shop (Mode Tsekh) where wooden prcmolds were made. In addition, they made places -or furniture for use in the factory. Forty-two workers were employed in this shop, and worked one shift. 9. The Consumers' Goods Shop, where kitchen utensils were manufactured. The three foremen employed in the shop received 950 rubles per 50X1-HUM month, and a bonus of 250 rubles whenever tie shop's quota -t?ras fulfilled, The foremen were required to work ten hours a day. 10. The Lumber Shop, including the lumber yard (stroy e). Petrenko (fnu) was chief. The shop had 35 workers who work one shift, Roughcut lumber was cut into boards from which Packing crates were made. 11. The Compressor building, where the central air compressor was housed. Three or four persons were in charge of its maintenance. 3.9, The Instrument Shop ?(Instrument Tsekh) where small parts and tools,requiring precis n work, were mma and rigged (osnastka). The shop was also responsible for repairs of complex testing equip- m?nt. Skodin (fnu), was Chief. Approximately 32 high3y50X1-HUM skilled workers were employed in this shop; they worked in two shifts, one at full force and the other 'at half force. The Instrument Shop had 33t lathes, an electric kiln and an oil and a water bath. 13., The First Boiler Shop (Kote Tsekh) which was the most important atop of the plant, it was l6 metes high and had a glass gable roof. Four hundred employees worked in three shifts. Petrozhenov fnu was chief of rho shop. The 50X1-HUM broken lines on the sketch indicate the dirc.ction in which the shop was being enlarged at the time of Source's departure.) Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 14. The Second Mechanical Shop (Mekhaniche Tsekh No. 2) where parts for compressors and bo crs 7rreinis ariri3po1ished. Approximately 150 persons worked in two shifts. ]5. 16. An auxiliauy shop which made bolts, nuts and rivets. The Dispensary (Med uakt . The factory had its own hospital, a two-story built en Sovetskaya Ulitsa, across from the Farmers' Market (Kolkho W Ry~), in Chirchik. The hospital doctors, including. die clti s, had visiting hours at the plant dispensary twice a week. Only factory employees, no dependents, were admitted for treatment. The dispensary had an ambulance. 17. The Forge (Kuznetsnyy Tom) where large spare parts were stamped and finished, There was one press with a capacity of 10,000 tons; it operated by compressed air. The Forge worked two shifts, with 75 workers on each. Dzhimilev (fnu) was Chief. 18. The metals yard, where various kinds of rctals were stocked. Some were stored indoors and others lay in the open. 19. The plant's railroad, which is a spuline of the Tashkent-Chirchik main line. 20. A wall, two inters high, with barbed criro at the top. 21... A small park. 22. The Fire House, with one fire engine. The factory's fire brigade worked in cooperation with the fire brigade of Elektrokhimkombinat. In 1958, whsn afire broke out in the plant's foundry, the fire brigade from Elektrokhimkombinat aided in putting it out. The damage from the fire amounted to about 15,000 rubles. Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0 150X1-HUM C -O-N-F-I D-E- - - -A-L Lqr-out of U bekktimmaah Not to scale C-O-N-F-I-D-E-N-T-I-A-L Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2010/10/26: CIA-RDP80T00246AO51200750001-0