INSTALLATIONS IN VERKH-NEYVINAK

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP80T00246A059700250001-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 6
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 11, 2011
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: July 19, 1961
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United .States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
COUNTRY USSR (Sverdlovsk Oblast)
DATE OF
INFO.
PLACE &
DATE ACQ.
Installations in Verkh-Neyvinsk
REPORTI
DATE DISTR. 19 Jul 196L 50X1-HUM
NO. PAGES 1
REFERENCES RD
}r
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STATE ARMY NAVY AIR FBI AEC
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1. In 1945 about 500 women prisoners were transported in closed railroad
cars from Beltsy fN45-46, E27-5q to the Nevyansk [57-30, E60-137
railroad station. They detrained at this station and walked through
forests, under armed guard, to Verkh-Neyvinsk LN57-16, E60-097. In
the old city of Verkh-Neyvinsk, the prisoners were taken to a camp
of huts surrounded by barbed-wire and watchtowers. This camp was
the first installation for women prisoners at this]ocation.
2. As early as 1945, the free citizens had already been evacuated from
and
Verkh-Neyvinsk,/all the houses, mostly frame structures, were empty.
The inmates of the first women prison camp were charged with demolishing
these houses to clear the site for construction of plants, which the
prisoners assumed to be connected with the defense industry. Prison
camps for men already existed around the town at this time. Some
of the men prisoners were used to fell trees, while others did
excavation and building work. After 1945, prisoners kept flowing
into Verkh-Neyvinsk and, during the period 1945-1949, many women
prisoners were brought into the town (no details about the men prisoners),
the last transport arriving from Groznyy in 1949. By 1949, there were
five prison camps for women in Verkh-Neyvinak, eaah with about 2,000
or more inmates. These camps existed until 1956, at which time all
men and women prisoners were transferred elsewhere since, by then,
all building work had virtually been completed and some plants had
already begun operating. Former convicts who had been forced to
settle in the town and who worked there as salaried employees were
also ordered to leave the town in 1956.
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3. Before the departure of the prisoners in 1956, the town was composed
entirely of prison camps and factories; it contained no residential
houses as such, only a workers settlement (robochiy posflok) in a forest
near the town (exact location unknow4 where some of the iiorkers
employed in the area lived. Most of the workers, however, lived
in Verkhniy Tagil, Nizhniy Tagil, Nevyansk) or Sverdlovsk;
available motor transport was provided in these cities to and from
?erkh-Neyvinsk. The prison camp directorate and the construction
directorate were located in Sverdlovsk.
4. The largest of the Verkh-Neyvinak enterprises was that referred to
by the prisoners as Jet Aircraft Plant (Avyatsionno Reaktivniy Zavod).
This plant, which was put into operation as early as 1953, was
located to the right 5asg of the Sverdlovsk/ Nevyanak railroad
line, coming from Sverdlovsk ,/ fsi]and about four kilometers from
the Terkh-Neyvinsk railroad station (direction not available). The
plant was surrounded by a concrete wall about 1.5 meters high and
took up the entire 5i 7 area of the old city of Verkh-Neyvinak,
in addition to ground witch had formerly been forest area. The
Jet Aircraft Plant consisted of away large - long, broad and high-
buildings (their numbers and dimwssions not known), all of which had
flat roofs which were camouflaged to bland with the adjoining woods.
None of the buildings had any chi eye or
tl*
laws,, only elongated
apertures right under the roofs for vent3Lation.
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5. ? All of the"empbyOa of the jet aircraft plant wore white overalls
and, in some dep ' tments, masks and special clothing were worn.
Shop No. 1 (Perviy Tsekh) of the plant occupied a building about
1,000 meters long, 300 to 400 meters wide, and about 20 meters high.
This shop, which employed about 300 workers in one shift and had
many machines (no description), manufactured some kind of "tubes"
referred to as Dula (Dulo - barrel), which constituted the central
part of the aircraft fuselage 1possibly the shell of a Jet fighter
engin 7. The tubes were se4,ei _7 met~rs long and about one
meter in diameter. The wings of the aircraft were manufactured'
in Shop No. 2, while other departments manufactured various other
components.
6. Up to 1956, there was no railroad spur leading into the jet aircraft
plant. On several occasions, at night, aircraft covered with tar-
paulins were seen loaded on long, low flatcars in the grounds of
the plant, from where they were drawn'by tractors to the Verkh-
Neyvinek railroad station. Many trucks covered with tarpaulins: used
to come into the plant and unload in the warehouses, but their
loads could not be discerned. They were driven by hired drivers
and were escorted by a number-of armed soldiers. No special pre.
cautions were known to have been taken to safeguard the health
of the workers, and there were no areas that were out of bounds. The
p1pa, ' ,,, ~ gu z~ded by soldiers.withs red and gold f ic7 shoulderboards
ant by many people in civilian dress. -
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7. MVD Maj. Aleksander Ivanovich Korolev was director general of the
jet aircraft plant in Yerkh-Neyvinsk.
In 1956, the chief engineer of the jet aircraft plant was MVD Maj.
Yevgeniy Orlon'
the jet
8.
aircraft plant was one of the largest plants of its kind in the USSR.
the atomic- 50X1-HUM
missile plant (atomno-raketniy zavod), and a tank plant (tankoviy
zavod) were operating in Verkh-Neyvinsk by 1956. The two plants stood
next to each other on the left Cwesg side of the Sverdlovsk/Nevyansk
railroad line, coming from Sverdlovsk, and about seven or eight kilometers
from the Verkh-Neyvinsk railroad station. They were surrounded by
armed guards and all approach to them was forbidden. These two
plants, along with other plants whose nature was not known, were
located in the forests and were well camouflaged. In 1956, a rail-
road spur was being built from the Verkh-Neyvinsk station into the
atomic plant.
the atomic plant
was producing missiles (rakety) of the "longest range"
in 1957 construction began in that year on a
new underground plant in Verkh-Neyvinsk
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9. The power station for the Verkh-Neyvinsk plants was put into oper-
ation in 1953, the same time as the jet aircraft plant. The station
was situated about one kilometer east of the jet aircraft plant and
consisted of three large buildings without chimneys. (It was said
in 1956 that not a single chimney existed in Verkh-Neyvinsk). The
power station and the aircraft plant received their water via under-
ground pipes (no details) from a lake called Ozero Puksa, while the
other plants, i.e. those to the left 2wes] of the Sverdlovsk/
Nevyanak railroad line, were supplied from the Ozero Kvand.
~.S
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