SETS OF RELAYS FOR TWIN-CONDUCTOR CAPACITOR-TYPE CONNECTING LINES FOR THE ATS-47

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81-00280R000200160006-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 12
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 8, 2011
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: November 19, 1956
• Content Type: REPORT

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STAT
SETS OF RELAYS FOR TWIN-41)CMDUCTOR CAPLCITOR-TYPZ CONNSCTING LTN
FOR THE ATS-47
Vestnik-SvLi f5ammunioations
erald , No 4, 1954, Moscow,
pages 3-7
L. Ta. Rydel*man, Magi or,
Scientific Worker, TaNIIS
'The article examines the circuits and the installation of sets of
relays for twin-conductor capacitor-type connecting lines for the ATS-47;
the principle of operation of these sets is based on a new Russian ring-
off method. A device is described which automatically'oliminates the
failure to ring-off in 2-conductor connecting lines equipped with the
above relay sets.
General Information
To make effective use of the capacity of existing interstation cables
of municipal telephone networks and to reduce the cost of newly-installed
cables, the T.NIIS LFs.ntral*niy Nauohno-issledovatel*skiy Institut
Svyasi -- Central Scientific Research Institute for Comatmicatio 7 has
simultaneously developed 2 variants of relay sets for twin-conductor
interstation connecting lines: the neon-lamp connecting line relay,
which subsequently was modernised into a thyratron connecting-line relay
(RSL-T), and a variant of a connecting line relay of the capacitor type
(RSL-X). The development of connecting line relay sets with gas-filled
tubes Case Note belo7 has resulted principally in the possibility of
insuring a rather high input resistance of the ring-off relay connected
in series with the tube in the speech wires. This was the principal
advantage of a connecting-line relay of this type, for its development
eliminated the need of investigating the distortion of the dialing pulses
when twin conductor connecting lines are used.
([Note.] RSL-T sets are described in Vestnik Svyad. No 1, 1952.)
It turned out later, however, that the use of a semifinished article
such as a thyratron, which is nonstandard for the ATS? 5vtomaticheskaya
telefonnaya stantaiya -- automatic telephone station
7, not only fails to
improve the circuit, but also leads to certain serious shortcomings. The
principal shortcomings are: (1) increased value of the employed alter-
nating current voltage (160 v);_(2) need of installing a 25-cycle AC
generator in the ATS and of installing step-up transformers as well as
signal racks, equipped with panels containing switching and signal relays,
voltmeters with signal cor_tacts, and other instruments; (3) use of the
loop method of transmitting the AC ring-off signal; this method unavoid-
ably causes spinning of the brushes of the selectors of the various steps
and an excessive wear of the mechanism whenever the subscriber fails to
make connection during the time that the number is dialed, and also
during the process of eliminaten? the failure to ring-off in the called
sets of connecting line relays; (4) the need for storing at each ATS
a considerable number of spare thyratrons which are relatively expensive;
(5) need for providing each ATS with special instruments for testing
the thyratrons.
In the development of the RSL-K sets, the princ?so: lof operation
of which is based on a new Russian ring-off method Note below],
the aim was to use in these seta only those elements that are quite
stable and that do not differ at all from those ordinarily used in the
ATS circuits. Such twin-conductor connecting-line relays, being of the
same type as the equipment of any ATS, could easily be produced by the
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STAT
industry. It would also' be desirable to avoid employing supplementary
sourcos of alternating-anrrent and step-up transformers.
- (LIots] Inventor's-certificate No 90,533, class 21 a3, 34/20,
priority of 6 April 1950.)
The following basic technical requirements were imposed an the
developed twin-conductor connecting-line relays: (1) reliable operation
over connecting lines, in which the resistance of each wire does not
exceed 1,500 ohms an the section from the IGI First Group Seleoto]
to the LI sine Selector
7; (2) the oomaeating-line relay sets must not
impair the quality of the telephone communication and Rust not intro-
duce changes in the circuits of the basin ATS instruments; (3) 2 sectiocs
of twin-conductor connecting lines should be capable of being connected
in one speech path; (4) the use of the connecting-line relays should not
cause excessive wear on the selectors owing to spdnniag of their
brushes at the instant when a ring-off pulse passes through the connect-
ing L' ne.
The circuits developed for the calling and called sets RSL-K for
the ATS-47 fully satisfy the above requirements. These sets insure
reliable action over the connecting line, in which each wire has a
resistance exceeding 2,000 ohms, using the existing station aammon
25-cycle source of ringing current to transmit the ring-off pulses.
Prolonged experimental operation of commercial sots RSL-T and RSL-K
has shown that at present the RSL-K sets are the most acceptable. The
industry has already started output of new, larger experimental series
of these sets.
The features of the twin-conductor RSL-K circuits, their basic
shortcomings, and methods of eliminating these shortcomings will be
discussed below, after we shall describe the principal RSL-K circuits
which were perfected during the experimental operation.
Current Flow in the RSL-K Circuits
The RSL-E circuits are installed in regionalised municipal telephone
networks, equipped with decade-stepped ATS. Each twin-conductor con-
necting line is connected on one end to the output of the calling set
of connecting-line relays (out RSL) and the other end to thw input of
the called set (in RSL), as shown in Figure 1. These sets are intended
for connecting the twin-conductor connection lines from the decade-
stepped ATS to the decade-stepped ones (Figures is and b), from decade=
stepped ATS to machine ones through intermediate equipment (Figure 10),
and from machine ATS to decade-stepped ones with the countering not (VK)
being directly connected to the calling connecting-line relay set
(Figure ld).
The principal diagram of the RSL-K sets is shown in Figure 2.
It contains 5 type-RPN relays, of which 3 belong to the calling and
2 to the called sets. The circuit is based on the principle of engaging
and releasing the sets of the called station whenever short-period pulses,
transmitted by the calling connecting-line relay sets are received, and
provides for continuous supervision of the working order of the connect-
ing lines, of the presence and working order of the called connecting-
line relay sets and of the II/IV GIII/IV Group Selecto] (or other
sets) connected with it. For this purpose a control relay K (7,300 ohms)
is provided in the calling set, and this relay operates in the loop of
the connecting lire, receiving the plus feed from contact 2-1 of push-
button Hl. Kn. of the called connecting-line relay set over wire a, and
receiving the minus feed from relay 0 in the II/IV GI circuit over
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wire a and further through the'windina of relay Z (350 ohm and 1,000
ohms) over wire b. 'In ttiis circuit, the relay Z of the called cannot--
ing-line relay set"and relay'0 in the II/IV GI circuit do not operate,
for they do not receive enough current.
If the control circuit is in working order relay K palls in its
armature and contacts YI (1-2) and kV (1-2) prepare the circuit of
the calling connecting-line relay not for on gement by the selector
of the preaed, selection step (over wire a) and by mi3dng selector
SI (over wire). In addition, contact k11 (2-3) of this relay opens
the circuit to the signal lamp SL cad contact k (3-4) of this relay
disconnects the connecting-line relay not from the discard circuit.
When the brushes of-the ICM (or of the II/IV GI) stop on the outlets
to the free calling set, the test relay P will operate in the circuit
of this group selector, receiving a minus feed over the c wire through
relay 0 (350 ohm) of the calling not. Relay 0 in this circuit opira=ates
and seals in with contact of (1-2) until relay R operates. Contact
oII1 (4-5) of the 0 relay connects the high-speed relay R, and contacts
oV.(2-3) aiad oI 11-3) break the control eir'auit and connect wire b,
while contacts o (1-2) and o11I (3-4) prepare the circuit that registers
the load and breaks the discard-circuit. Relay a reloaaes Its armature
with' a time delay of 50 to 60 milliseconds, owing to the tranaitio.-
contact oV (1-3), which shunts the winding of this relay. During this
time the engagement pulse will arrive from the calling-set circuit, and
this pulse will actuate the engagement relay Z in the incoming not,
receiving the plus food over wire b of the connecting line from the
contact kIII (2-3) and the minus feed over wire c from the 11/IV Q
circuit.
Mounted on relay Z are the transfer-awdtching contact groups No 95
(21 and sV); therefore a triple contact is formed in them prior to
the 'o;mning, and relay Z received additional' supply over a local cir-
cuit andib sealed-in in this circuit by contact sV (1-3). Contacts
ZI (1-3) ann III (4-5) connect the conversation wires a and b, while
contact sII (1-2) closes the circuit for "added supply" of the winding
of relay 0, which is connected by contact sV (1-3) through resistor
r2.
In the outgoing set, relay R pulls in its armature after relay 0
operates. The contacts rV (4-3) and rV (4-5) of this relay remove
the shunt from the second winding of relay 0 and connect this winding
to wire c;' as a result the holding circuit of relay 0 remains on
after contact k1 (1-2) opens, and the set seal -in until the ring-off
pulse is transmitted.. Contacts r1 (1-2) and rL-L. (3-2) prepare the
circuit by which this pulse is transmitted with-alternating current
and eliminate the possibility of the control circuit becoming closed
after the armature of relay 0 drops out in the calling RSL set.
Contacts rV (3-4) and rl (4-5) break the circuit that tests for engage-
ment of mixing selector SI over wire d and close the circuit to counter
Sch which records the number of engagements. Thus, once the called
set becomes engaged, relay Z remains energised in it, while relays 0
and R remain energised in the calling not. Connected in parallel
to the speech wires of the receiving set is a differential bridge
(consisting of 2 0.5 microfarad capacitors, the 2 pairs of symmetric
windings of relay Z, and choke L), and the ring-off r--limy 0 is
connected to the center point of this bridge.
The process of further dialing the number and establishing the
connection is carried out in the usual manner. After ring-off, the
circuit over which relay 0 of th, calling not receives its supply
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from the aide of the group-selector of the preceding stop becomes en.
Relay 0 releases its armature and relay R b"oon"s deenergisod.
the tins that relay R drops out (80-110 milliseconds) the ring-off pulse
is`,transaitted with alternating current over'both principal circuits
through the-connecting line from the called station aide. In the
calling not, each of these circuits begins with the terminals of the
secondary hal-='-winding of the general station transformer Tr, to which
is connected the 60-v oentral.batterys and passes through a net of
individual Vises for each wire, a protective lamp (La, Lb), a limiting
resistance (rl and r2) and the suitable contacts of relays 0 and R.
In the called set those circuits comprise the contact springs of the
test hack (I. Gn), the corresponding arses of the differential bridge,
and the winding of ring-off relay 0 (2,000 ohms).
The passage of alternating current through the above-mentioned
circuits cansec operation of relay 0, which, first of all, for a short
time 'prio to the release of the armature of relay Z, is blocked by its
contact o~I (1-2) in the local circuit (through resistance r3), and
whose contact oIV (1-2) later breaks the holding circuit for relay Z
of the called set and of relay 0 in the II/IV GI circuit. The latter
relay releases its _rmature, after which the II/IV GI "goes cff" into
ring-off.
Releasing the armature of relay Z shunts relay 0 and disconnects
its "added supply" and prepares for the formation of the control cir-
cuit. This method of disconnecting the ring-off relay 0 insures that
the time heeded to release its armature ranges from 350 to 380 milli-
seconds. Thanks to this, the called set cannot be occupied during the
time that the alternating current ring-off signal passes through, even
if up to 4 sections of twin-conductor connecting lines participate in
the connection.
After relay R of the calling set and relay 0 of the receiving set
release their armatures, and the brushes of the II/IV GI return to the
initial position, the control oirsuit is again formed. Relay K of
this circuit operates; the circuits of the set reach the nonworking
state, and the connecting line is prepared for the next occupancy.
If the control circuit bec.ames damaged for some reason or other,
the relay K of the calling set releases its armature, and this closes
the circuit for the technical signalisation. The signal relay TS
(which is located on the signal panel of the RSL rack) of this circuit
operates, receiving its plus supply from contact k" (1-2) through
the contact of relay 0, pushbutton Bl. Kn., and signal lamp SL (one
per panel). At the same time a circuit is produced, through which
relay R receives the discard pulses over wire SU through contacts kV
(3-4) and oIU (3-4), and through the pushbutton used to disconnect
the discard equipment (Kn. SU).
Within approximately one to 4 seconds a plus signal lasting for 25
to 30 seconds is transmitted from the discard equipment SU, and this
results in the operation of disconnect relay R. and contacts ray (1-2)
and rIU (2-3) transmit into the connecting lint an alternating-current
disconnect pulse. Such pulses can arrive from the discard equipment SU
every 5 seconds. If the control circuit does not become restored under
the influence of the diaoard equipment within one minute (i.e., if the
stated the so-called failure to ring-off is maintained), testifying to
a damage to the connecting line or to the sets on the called ATS, the
racy and row signals saLion will go into effect. To determine on which
panel a RSL set with a faulty connecting line is located, the technician
on watch should press the common pushbutton TS, which causes the signal
lamp SL to glow.
-4 --
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uaviiig determined the proper panel and having removed its cover, the
technician can quickly find the faulty R$L set, for in this set &l_l 3
relays are inoperative.
At the instant that the calling RSL not is blocked by the individual
pushbutton B1. Kn., the signalisation circuit is broken and a repeat
signalisation circuit is formed by oontaatr 5'to 4 'of th' pushbutton,
which circuit is closed when the control circuit is restored. In this
case the technician releases pushbutton B1. Kn., after which the signal
lamps go out. If any of the rack fuses blow out in the AC'airouit, the
signal'relay PPT on the-signal-panel operates and disconnects the dis-
card equipment until a good fuse is installed.
Current Flow in Discard-Device Circuit
The diacaril-device circuit is shown in Figure 3. If failure to
ring-off occurs, relay TS on the signal panel of the stand'of the calling
RSL set operates ' and its contact tai (1-2) prepares the ' oircWii.t which
connects the discard device. At the instant that a plus'pilse is
received from the 5-second interrupter, relays B' and N (the former with
a time delay not less than 70 milliseconds) operate in this circuit. -
Contact bIV (1-2) of relay B breaks the circuit that transmits the-dis-
connect pulses, and contact bIV (2-3) connects relay A, while contact blI
(1-2) closes the circuit to the series-connected low-resistance windings
of 6 control relays R R6. Control relays Rj-R6 open to and ss in
with their contacts r(1-2), r I1_ (1-2), rII (1-2), r4 (1-2), r (1-2),
and rf (1-2) over wires I-VI, the number of which corresponds o the
number of wires of the discard device on the diagram of Figure 2.
When relay A operates, relay V becomes connected and the primary
windings of control relays R1-RA become disconnected. After this circuit
is opened, the only control rel Rl-.R6 that keep their armatures up
are those from the'RSL groups, in which failure to ring-off occurred.
Other control relays will release their armatures within one second,
for no minus signal will be delivered to the discard device from these
panels'over'the discard-device wires owing to the fact that the circuit
is opened by the contacts of relay K or 0.
When the transmission of the plus signal from the 5-second inter-
rupter is discontinued, relay B releases its armature and contact bIV
(1-2) iihunta the Winding of relay R1 During the tiro. that the armature
of this relay is released, relay R in the9irouit that receives the
discard pulses operates and its contacts (1-2) and r.III (2-3) provide
a circuit over which the ring-off a-c pulse is transmitted into the
connecting line. At the same time relays A and V release their arma-
tures slowly.
In the second gro?_p of RSL panels, the plus-signal will flow over
wire.II only after the relays Rl and A release their armatures (after
200 milliseconds), The pulse signal will be applied in the third group
of RSL panels when relay V releases its armature, when the circuit is
formed by contacts bIV (2-1), r~i?p (2-1), r2 (2-1), r3 (2-3), v (4-3)
and were 111. If there is failure to ring-off In the fourth group of
panels, relay V again operates through contact rYv (1-2) and through the
chain of contacts or relays R1-R3 after rel R.4-releases its armature,
receiving the plus signal from the contact bH (1-2), and sends the IV.
If there is lack of ring-off in the fifth group, the second windings
of relays A and C are connected through the contacts of relays -R ,
and as a result relay A again. operates; relay V, on the other had,s
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releases its armatures, for its sdodings are connected in a differential
manner. After fire failure to rind-off is e3judn fed from the fifth
group"of panels and 'if there is -failure to ringff In -the sixth' group,
bout aet"r (1-2) "opi the circuit 'to the iecoad ~dndi of relays A
and V, an& as a result a plus signal is transmitted through wire VI
-re: r* "chain of contacts of relays R1-R6 'and relay B. ' 'After relay R6
releases-its armature, the discard-device circuit returns to its
initial state.
If any'of the fuses in the' AC circuits of *the calling R3L burn
out, the"rainy T
pp on the signal panel 'operates. This relay, by means
of contact t (1-2), breaks the starting circuit of the'dLscard
device until-a new fuse 'is installed on the rack." The discard device
is disconnected by means of special pushbuttons marked Kn.3u.
Construction of RSL-K Sets
The RSL sets presently contained in the ATS are mounted on 12-
relay remoiable panels, mo7mtid on individual racks.' Each panel con-
tains 3 sets of RSL. The capacitors are placed directly-on the racks.
The racks with the panels of the calling and called RSL'are shown in
Figures 4 and 5 respectively. The discard device is mounted on the
signal panel. The"frames -with the signal"lampe and with pushbuttons are
located in the center portion of the rack. In order to reduce the cost
of new commercial RSL-K sets, they will be mounted on larger removable
panels (5 sets per panel). In this case a'considerably imaller'area
will be"needed to install the RSL-K, for each rack will carry 90 RSL
sets instead of 50. _
Results of Experizsntal Operation
Sycperimental operation of the RSL-K sets has confirmed the technical
soundness and economy of application. of the new ring-off method, the
stable operation of the sets, and their advantages compared with other
types of twin-conductor RSL. At the same time, certain shortcomings of
the RSL-K nets became evident. The principal shortcomings are: (1)
spinning of the selector brushes of the subsequent stages whenever
ring-off occurs when the number is not reached, which causes s consid-
erable nonproductive wear of the II/IV"GI; (2) possible ocanr74enoe of
no-called false engagement signals at an instance when the calling sets
are engaged for a short period over wire a by the passing brushes of the
selectors (the short-period engagement pulse will operate relay Z. which
causes engagement of the II/IV GI, and ring-off relay 0 will not have
time to operate, owing to the insufficient duration of the AC ring-off
pulse); (3) possibility of repeated engagement of the received RSL'set
in the second section of the connection line, caused by the AC ring-off
pulse. During control tests, the number of cases when the brushes of
the selectors of the succeeding stages were spinning amounted to 24.6%,
and the cumber of false engagements reached up to 0.06% of the total
number of RSL engagements with the discard device disconnected; in
addition, several cares were observed where the RSL of the second
section became engagr-d repeatedly. These shortcomings have been
eliminated in the RSL-K circuit shown in Figure 2 (see description of
operation of ring-off relay 0).
Basic Circuit Features of the RSL-K and of the Discard Device
A selenium rectifier is connected in the control circuit in aeries
with relay K. The purpose of this rectifier is to prevent K relay from
operating through the windings of pulse relay I in the II/IV GI or LI
circuit if the relay 0 of the called R3L set does not operate during
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by a 3-1dadivA +ow. (ate diagram is Figure 2) resells In satoblaag of the
p`o_laritioo as tb. wtndiaap of the ttaa.f rmar &M a tho pa.lae relay of
the I1fIT Qi t the oppo.i,ag now of the alter 4t.tag .erreat iaa tb.aa
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 qTAT
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eliniaates completely the first of t :w abers-aratiaasd sho the next stage during rin"ff iS the Ale"'In bas not he oca farted
and duriftthe olimin t-ion, of the fall*re to ring-off with the aid of
the discarding device. Varing the exTerinestat operation of the EL-N,
the--station transformer for ..he --A- g eurT nt was used as a sumacs
of alternating current. The windtns of the above transformer has, as
is well known, a use polarity; therefore, during ring-off the pulse
relay I in the lily GI o suit boa operated sometimes because of car rent
passing through one of the windlass (with plus polarity), which reoeiws
a minus supply through the transformer wd~ing. (It mast be noted that
it the loop method is used to traaaait the ring-off signal with alter-
nating current at 25 or 50 cycles it is impossible to eliminate ooer-
pl.tely cases of selector brash spinning inn- -cb as the alternating
current passes in series through the sdndiaaa of *J pulse relay I,
In order to e14a4nate the second of the above sbortoomdras, the relay
0{~Sin the circedt of the calling set ia` bunked uctil relay R operates.
In'addition, relay a, which formerly had a time-gala wiad3a an its
core, is-now equipped with a oantrollable time-delay -Ands ' g and bas
thus become faster in action.
- The diercard device that has been developed,which Is of the pulse
type, and in which the plus signal is at different time to 6 groups
of RSL panels, does not allow the discard pulses to enter into sets that
are in working order, inasmuch as the connecting circuit of this device
is formed in these sets only for the time during which the selector
brushes return to the initial posit?on, plus the duration of the time
required for relay iC to operate (I.e., within 300 to 400 mil2issoonds).
However, for RSL sets that are not in working order, the relays is and 0
do not pull in their armatures, and therefore, prior to the arrival of
the plus signal from the 5-second interrupter (i.e., for the duration
of one second), the only control relays--that re gin blocked in the
discard device are those on panels with RSL that are not in working order.
The use of s:ch a discard device insures automata elimination of failure
to ring-off prior to the appearance of a technical signal, and therefore
the technical personnel is called upon to intervene only in those cases
in which the connecting line or the correspo ding instruments are damaged.
Economic Effect of Introducing the T+ --Conductor Connecting-Line Relays
The general shortcoming of twin-conductor connecting-line relays of
any type is the need of installing supplementary equipment at the suta-
matio telephone station and this requires a certain amount of installa-
tion apace. This naturally increases somewhat the capital expenditures
and the operating costs, and also the eonsunpticn of nonferrous metals
for'station equipment. However, technical-ooonondo analysis has shown
that these additional costs caused by the introdaation of twin-conductor
connecting-fins relays are offset by the more considerable reduction in
capacital expenditures and operating costs for line structures and by
a substantial reduction in consumption of nonferrous metals in theme
structures. (This is based on preliminary data of .he TsNII3 which can
be refined only after the connecting-linw relays Gnome available in
regular production.)
Therefore, the introduction of 2-.ondustor connecting-line relays
becomes economically advantage*-.* wIth reaps--t to the various indd"s
under certain conditions :
(1) With respect to capital ex nd: gives -- if the connecting line
is 3.5 km long; here the aonsueaption of r?antorrous metal for station
structures increases by 0.5 t, and the vo :susption for line structures
 STAT
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blr 10.O t It SM sol,1 al MOE cal2ad tuln-eanducter oasmeet iaa-
2# r1a sots am la*taUad onroh in a 30,000-23as ants Uc tolsle,ao.
?t*ttat at t asar ttw Lbs llpwml +sx adtt ss for uslutemamm of the
ooea~wa+t 2ta s by 2.5 ties.
(2) Nub rs at to soppsV' cans Soo -- it t 00meetfng liar miW4 is 200 a loag.
(3) I6th r ov"t to qpassti -- if t) oomaectiad lino
is 2.3 Ioa tam.
Coas1dsrii th" the 1segtb of the intsmtat4' ooanscting lines
exam*" 3.5 Ios In tbs aa)aritt of largo nwta and that the nusber of
re4adaliasd nett ioarrased story year, it is *axr to visualise the
trMrpdo>si! *60ow 4o *ftact that idll rwalt from introducing twsn-
ooadoator oo~ ag-liens rsla7w in all rogioos3iaed note.
- 4 -
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 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/04/08: CIA-RDP81-0028OR000200160006-3
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*SIF
110~
'CO
10