INSTITUTE 160

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81-01028R000100010001-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 7, 2001
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: November 24, 1951
• Content Type: REPORT

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PRDHINITED NV LAN. THE REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM IS PROMINITED.
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THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
20 The Soviet chief offthq fluorescent laboratory, Gregorieff, visited RCA
in the United States on two occasions - once in 1940 and once
in 1943 a The -primary functiah : of o laboratory was `the
development of fluorescent materials for cathode ray tube screegs,
Only conventional preparations. currently kno and utilized in
western nations were produced, although an attempt was made to
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SECURITY INFORMATION
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1951 51-4F
Approved For a easPJ1 : CIA-Aft2*KxW0010004 -JAN 1953
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develop screen materials with long persistence characteris-
tics. I heard that another laboratory, not in Frjasino, but
name or location unknown, eventually took over the project and
was successful in developing screen materials which exhibited a
trace for five seconds with 10% light remaining.
In 1946 pure chemicals were very hard to procure and often
highly diluted,but the quality gradually improved until virtu-
ally no difficulty was experienced in 1950. In particular,
zinc sulphate was troublesome.in the beginning, but the qual-
ity increased to an impurity content of only one part in one
million. Measuring instruments were in very short supply at
first, but by 1950 an adequate supply was available, most of
which were constructed in the same laboratory.
The older Soviet engineers at the Institute were rather mediocre.
The postwar graduates, however, have an excellent background in.
theory and mathematics, are eager to learn,and have a tremendous
capacity for work. Immediately following graduation they are
badly lacking in practical experience since this phase of their
.profession is completely disregarded in formal, training. In my
opinion, they have learned fast enough to bridge the gap which
would otherwise be created by the departure of the experienced
German engineers and technicians. Specialists in centimeter wave
length techniques and,vacuum techniques are being retained in the
USSR, while the specialists concerned with more ordinary phases
in the electronics field are being and have been returned to
Germany.
At the beginning of each calendar year, development projects and
production quotas are assigned to the Institute from Moscow.
Production planning then begins at a feverish pitch. Labora-
tories responsible for development models of new items to be
placed into production are expected to complete the necessary work
within approximately three months at which time they become rela-
tively inactive for the remainder of the year. During this first
quarter, the production shops are on a virtual stand-by status,
their previous year's quota having been met in December. Follow-
ing completion of developed models, production gets underway.
From this time on, all attention is centered# on the norm which
must be met by the end of the coming December. The quota is met
at all costs, by excessive overtime work {including Sundays),
and inferior quality should this measure become necessary. At
th
is time, all projects of a research and development nature not
necessarily intended for quantity production must also be com-
pleted1or be as far advanced as the yearly plan specified.
The higher paid Soviet scientists and engineers, on the whole,
seem quite content with their lot and seldom were heard to
voice a complaint. In contrast) the lower paid workers and
technicians on many occasions frankly discussed their gripes with
us, usually concerning their standard of living. Many of the
lower group were former soldiers who had seen better conditions
in other countries which sharply contrasted with their own. There
was much better understanding between Germans of all ages and the
young Soviets in comparison with other Soviet age groups, for
they seemed to have more of an appreciation of European thoughts
and ideas. Since the young Soviets had virtually no knowledge
of European culture, however, other than that. observed durin
the
g
war, discussions were necessarily limited to' philosophical and
political topics.
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Although listening to foreign broadcasts in the USSR is not
expressly forbidden, the people are extremely cautious,in
later discussions1of what they hear and usually these
discussions are limited to the better, educated groups,. In
the Moscow area jamming is quite effective against US
broadcasts but `a few of the British stations come through
.quite well, Foreign broadcasts could not actually be termed
as effective, although they usually succeeded in creating
,:sme thought and discus.si.s3n.-_ SOYi.et. s.tationss-normally offer-
ed counter-propaganda and1 although many of the listeners were
not Immediately convinced of the logic of the answers, in time
after many repetitions of the same theme, the desired effects
were achieved. The most convincing argument against Western
propaganda is that US interests are founded on purely selfish
motives.
I remember hearing that Bushbeck's group in Monino made almost
daily trips to "the other side of Moscow", but recall no further
details. I also remember hearing of an experimental institute
;which was evacuated during the war from Frjasino to Siberia, but
do not know the present location of the institute or its number,
but the name begins with an."F".
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