RADIO TRAFFIC IN HUNGARY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81-01036R000200060077-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 7, 2011
• Sequence Number: 77
• Publication Date: June 7, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

OI[~ a951 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/07: CIA-RDP81-01036R000200060077-3
U.S. Officials Only
3SCRR?
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY Ib1ja17
SUBJECT Radio Traffic in.Hmuary
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AI RCTINR THE NATIONAL TFFF01
OF THE UNITED STATES. WITHIN THE MEANINE OF TITLE IS, SECTIONS 751
AND 754, OF THE U.S. COOK. AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR REVS.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
DATE DISTR. 7 V /E 1954
NO. OF PAGES 50X1-HUM
SUPP. TO
REPORT NO.
Radio traffic in Hungary can be differentiated into six classes:
a. Radio in military pre-training and training
b. Radio in the army
a. Air warning and defense
d. Radio in national security service
service and network discipline.
f. Official broadcasting programs.
Military Pre-Training. In the sphere of military pre-training there are "radio
circles" which are incorporated in the higher levels of the SZHSZ (Alliance of
Fighters for Freedom). Basic principles are taught in these c.rclas and the
ambers have to build different kinds of radio equipment with their own hands.
Work is done in both sending and receiving, using equipment that has been culled
out by the army, captured equipment and old patrol radios which the army no longer
uses. In addition to the building of apparatus, stress is laid on communication
I aof to be transmitted ovet"o
ei indicated above. CIA. All or Pasts of the cnaor.l OFEArIlL
e ~ponena of the D T-t-ena or Atl anDissemination' pUg the CM0~
Office of collection the caveat the uI l:cacion bearwout s
the wtoe tyeaturrcnt within the USA of the Intelligent *`V""" dutabut on
Pwt is P90-A
ITb~ a of the org'nating office through the Assistant Director of the
ubhmtiom receiving
aa7 be used b j the above organiaa"On5 in?CIA fsout
"A Sir dowbm O'de.EdnaO011to
U.S. Officials Only
SECRET
I DISTRIBUTION
ASD/SI P&E/SI
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/07: CIA-RDP81-01036R000200060077-3
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/07: CIA-RDP81-01036R000200060077-3
3sCU?
3. The further. training in military radio work also takes place within the SZHSZ,
with the aid of the various local branches of that organization, and the_ailitary
garrison units trained in communications service. Regular army.~equipment, obtained
OR loan from the local troops, is used in this training. Main emphasis is laid on
practice with the Morse code. Women in large numbers have been a0d are being trained.
The purpose of the training program is to maintain a reserve of trained radio-
telegraphers who will eventually be needed by the troops, ;and to give the women
basic schooling for service in the rear areas.
4. Army Radio.-Radio communication and service in the army is basically like that in
!very,arm. The situation in Itnngary is complicated however by the large amount
of equipment peed, so that standardisation of radio practice within the frs of
the military formations has not thus far been prastioally possible. The arm and
the air force have to be treated separately in this ocinectiem','became of the
different equipment used by the two services.
5? In the army, the R-3 is the radio equipment of the lower military commands, from
pombat commandos to regimental commands. This euipmmat consists of a 5 kM sender
and a superheterodyne receiver. The sender has three tubes wiflfi",aonstant-current
modulation system, The super receiver is a 5-tube-apparatus. The current source
is a 332 volt anode With 100 working hours and a 9 ampere storage battery with i6
working hours. The range of this apparatus is 5 to 10 km, for speech and 20 to
40 lam. for radio-telegraphic coammmmnisation, depending On the antenna and the
character of the terrain, There is also the smaller equipment used by the subordipate!.1
branches, suck as the so-o4led petrol radios of 2 kV capacity and an operating
mmm.p of 2 kma. at most.
7.
The Vision ceaandi and equivalent middle-level organisations - use the R-7 equip-
7'u n diff;: ent variations suck as 1-7a, R-7b, etc. It has a 10 kfl senndr and a
range of 50 to 60 loc. The higher co=ands,'-,like corps stud army aammands, have the
a-8 and 1-9 apparatus. .These are much like the 1-7 but have greater power and range.
Ttie'1-20-ins a Eoilet-typo apparatus, copied from an American high power model, and
having. a10 kW sender. Its use is limited to high caamands.
The equipment listed above constitutes the backbone of the army radio communication
system: There are many other types, partly old army models, partly experimental
types, partly equipment kept in use out of necessity until now can be supplied.
There,is- -also ' special equipment like that of the armored troops, which is of Soviet
make. The armored regiment at Bsstergoa, for example, has Soviet *Lo 2.t." radios,
airs, technical` details of which are not known.
Air Force,. . The radio equipment used in the air. ,force and its working field are
very. different from the apts. - The R-7L is ,the-backbone of the-air force radio
system, ,It-is a 10 kV ground station__with which all military airfields and higher
air force. commpaids are equipped, ' and -with which they can keep in sesimunication
with aircraft in flight up to a distance of 100- kmi. The air force high compared In
the army Ministry in Budapest has a special setdag aid receiving station, technical
details of- `whisk are tot k nom. The radio, equipment used in aircraft is all of
Soviet origin mud style. It differs very little from that used in other armies.
The air force also has various special installations--sound ranging, direction
finding, control stations, etc.--for special purposes.
-~ R
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/07: CIA-RDP81-01036R000200060077-3
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/07: CIA-RDP81-01036R000200060077-3
slew
.9. .rir W$Zhigt and Defense: SysThis sistu i s t a i6tei y independent of tt e
a although the antiaircraft a~rtilxer'y uses the sane 'radio eq p~ e t (a-3, -71.
She oat craft "radio intelligence systiis has been ,built up scheaat tally?to, proyid,
radi? oh a ttions froi the high anti*,rai alt same dos'
.the antiaircraft positions and batteries
the air observation and 'alert 'systes
search].igbt pos t ono tad radar inn allatione
do'. the appropriate air 'force cciteands, (interceptor, and pursuit groups),,
The radio stations ,of the 'air 'obseriation groups have beienspecially' equipped for
their task."-They have a?apeoial 10'kW sender and ordinary superheterodyne
maeircr which work. on the. ,navel as ourrent
e~lso ltavs
in , !- , , t ' e, err air the necesaag r , p
reserve ' cnri it sources such s t~ctbr er~eratArp ? cbsevvatior~ grou
gwsge-ry is prod dod with this egudieet+ every kir raid aent i1'has,at 1east
t .sets , The' national ",sir ?elease ? ep tral . - s nq roue large radio stations ,
of over 20' icV cipacity.
10. National 3,ecurity 3erv 0e4.-The national pollce headquarters in Budapest has
three' higli power (50 kY) semdtrs 'w iich' are also at. t - disposal, o t1ae Interior,
- /
Ministry. ? There is a 2Q let seeder and receiver .. stat .on In every police.head
quarter's, and a super receiver' -',11 unary polies station; The great headqua 'tars
seaiider beans out inforeation to the police stations for hours at a tine daily.
..The .higher ?alice ccsands, are also in osmsluaicatioa with,the subordinate ppste
'by telephone and telegraph. Until the end of 1953 the national police- sender only
transaittidIa!oraation in cipher, such as confidential orders. investigations
_and ingv: -Sekj., Since I. Jan 5 an open a cations iservici has ;been introduced;
since that tine laportaalr regulations, repasts and orders are no lon~ertrena~iitt"ed
by'radio, but by telephone and telegraph.
.11., The..,aKVH central in Budapest has several long distance senders., They, are.. located
at Jtesa - +.ri plats,, "Ssabadi4ghegy,.,. R6ssMos . and Zugliget.' Tbpse four senders
are ,in standing cma^tnication with the m sections: border detachsitents : and river
police. stations. It In believed that, theme is a ,separate. intorI atien tr'ansn ttl,ag
aystaa far each brash a h e > $ e x r U a p c * a g s , 2 asd ems. " 4videaee.,, etc
licit the details are *.$ '10009,0.. ax WOOM48 ere always in ?ipher ang'?work-by
the lforse aysl e., The ors t# , t2'ocgs 020 equip with regular tray radio apparatus.
12. The national railways jltl7~ hive their oii
h
t
v
st
s
th
n s
or
wa
e
est, by which
y
e general
. . administration keeps in.cs*tianons contact with. the territorial,directors aed the
--more ~i stoat Junction points. The -railways have also introduced thexeFll Bonn
sate atic aysten bywhich"it is possible to con isat
iir
tly
th
b
e
ec
wi
the
lack
toffs ant-rich noving trains.. In this direction the Hungarian railways are in
t ; fbretront: of modern" technical ddvelopaents,, and a ad of many:, ilteitern countries.
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/07: CIA-RDP81-01036R000200060077-3
 Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/07: CIA-RDP81-01036R000200060077-3
SZCRZT
13. The Hungarian Hnssian Shipping Company EMeszkarty also has its own short;wave
sanding .,and receiving system. The central station is in the Marian P'aleria ' kiss,
in Budapest, and is in standing,^oosmnioatioat 'with all ports and 'district oftiees.`
All,freigbters'and'tugs'are also equipped with sending and receivir apparatus.
14. The Jafional Truck Transportation Enterprise (TM) likewise has two-way radio
e pment.by Wick the central administration and.. he district offices correspond
with one another, This service'can~be 'of the greatest importance in the event
of a mobili;ation.
15. Broadcasting Prggrams, - Entertainment programs, polities and Cominform Propaganda
Ave beaUid ? the
roe t
16.
farsighted military grounds. In. the interest "of total preparedness, -thous'and's -d
women were.' trained. as radio-telegraphers and, Morse and radio coursers wore-established
for the youth of both sexes. Intessational short wave corresporndence by ' amateurs
is ' not permitted. Domestic ooaoaanication ' is strongly controlie`d and -ca~lnot be ' ")
Harried on at onels.own pleasure. It is generally carried on asa''part of.instruction
and practice. There is no doubt but radio traffic'in Hungary is-considerably greater
than incomparable foreign countries, The reasons are,, first,.the. training given
youth, and second, the ovez'proportionate silt of the 'secur'ity ageneleta'. The nmber'r
wo National stations: Budapest I, Bown 'as the ''Ios's*th
sender," at I kihegy;, Dudapest II. the."PetAti sender", at Di4sd. T1$se~'broadcasts
are.tragsir-it'sed'With aEp'lifieat.gn over. relAy stations at' ,'skolo,'$yfl-Vgpb"a,
rdvdr, Pies-and Szombathely. A new station has been built at Balatonssabadi
tibia broadcasts -with_135 kilt on the 33' meter `wa'elengtk. ' T e' st*tle* is already
in operation, A d icate station is being greeted .at Ss'olsok.' It ' is =0
to develop the relay stations named above into county stations-ch woadcast
t%oir'o* programs from their own studi'os,' E few of the 'relay stations play a "
leading part in the foreign propaganda of the Hungarian Peoplets Democracy; for
M M19, the Pfes station, which broadcasts on. the 228.3 alter..walelength, is used
for South Slav propaganda, and the'Szombathely station for Germn-language
propaganda, ' especially, for Coa.mmist ' propaganda In Austria. Local stations `of "smaller
power operate in all industrial centers,thaat are remote from lar x`" cities. 'These
btations carry the programs of the long distance 'se- tiers, but they a'l'so tree ntly
broadcast programs of local importance, active Costsunist propaganda, ,and`Wednetational"
program in the interests - of the 'Comr 1hist Party and the 30viet ta'ceupatiog:
Important local stations of this kind are known at Tatabtnya and-Mdt'ra.mountain:
f$ .io f acilities developed unprecedentedly in - Hungary after World War II,
aad'have had an enormous impact in all areas of national life. 1latttirally they
lave been used for Communist propaganda. The authorities in recent years have
done everything to popularize radio among the people. Short wave radio facilities
liaise been extended enormously. This development wag accelerated first'ot aTl on
of senders Is large, and the traffic is correspondingly heavy.
17. Hungary is also fair .advanced industrially 'in this field. Almost all the equipment
is of domestic production. The army offers an exception; ^ itta egiaipaaent, together
with- its - armored vehicles in*, airplanes, is 'delivered from the' Soviet -QnIbn. ' How-
ever parts for this foreign equipment are produced in Hungary in large_,quantities
and are also made available to Other Satellite states.,
- ? x 4, 1 ' i kkd?> S"; .1a i ..3 ~ .'..,_ i
Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2011/06/07: CIA-RDP81-01036R000200060077-3