"MINERAL RESOURCES: REPORTS OF THE FRENCH INDOCHINA RESOURCES SURVEY GROUP"

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Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4
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RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
U
Document Page Count: 
410
Document Creation Date: 
December 27, 2016
Document Release Date: 
July 12, 2013
Sequence Number: 
7
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
May 21, 1958
Content Type: 
REPORT
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PDF icon CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4.pdf25.51 MB
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 STAT Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 kliTSVIN CHOSAIIIN HOKOKII (Reports of the French :.1rircr in a? RessaurcZTTrunk, 9 8.7""ern Area Office, Iiinistry of Greater East. Asia, Tr.t.1.75-n, "IPI43. 6 V01 Se VoLime rulture Resources ?-- 2. Li,- cks Fide Resoqrcess, Aquatic ?..f-50111 ..E: Vol ire 1. Fcres sOurces ForaWRes uroes, Hydro-electricity and Salt Industry 74r rl /c.W4f- -a .5 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 KOBUTSU SHIGEN (Mineral Resources), Vol 1, Part 1, FUTSUIN SHICEN CHOSAtp.AN KOKOKU. VIDO No 263477. Table of Contents Section 1. Coal /Chapter 1. A Summary of Coal Mining 2 A. History and Control of Coal Mining 2 B. Geology and. Quality of Coal 21 C. Production 24 D. Coal Exports and Imports 33 E. Japan's Import of Anthracite from French Indochina38 F. Briquette and Cokes 49 0, Manpower 55 /Chapter 2. Anthracite Coal Mining Companies 71 A. Societe Francaise des Charbonnages du Tonkin 71 B. Societe Charbonnages du Dong Trieu C. Hon Gay D. Dong T*Ilu 131 /Chapter 3. Bituminous Coal Minim Companies 1146 A. Societe Indochinoise de Charbonnagee et de Mines Mitalliguss 146 B. Societe Anonyms dea Charbonnagea de TuyenQuang 155 C. Others 159 /chapter 4. Evaluation of Coal in French Indochina 163. v'Supplement. Cement ani Carbide Industry in French Indochina 161 Section 2. Iron and Manganese 177 ./4apter 1. General Discussion 177 A. Introduction 177 B. Iron and Manganese Deposits in French Indochina 179 C. Conclusion 181 //Cbapter 2. Thai Nguyen Iron Mining Region 183 A. Introduction 184 B. Discussion on Mineral Bed, 186 /Chapter 3. Iron Deposits along Red River: 249 A. Scope of Survey 249 B. Introduction 250 C.. General View and Conclusion 250 14 Mineral Beds 254 #.; AIr,gmil4si.)tftes#44**)44.1.114-...!'"? 44, `A-?47:4?-' " A.A Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 On. , ....1=177-711211=1. t/Chepter 4. Iron and Manganese Ores in Annan 331 -/Vinh Region 331 A. Introduction 332 B. General View 332 C. Ore Deposita 337 1. Song Ua Region 337 2. Song Ca Tributaries .353. 3. Van Thinh Region 372 4, Dong Ken Region 377 5. Than): Da Den tegion 385 v/Thanh Hoa Region A. Introduction 389 B. Goneral View 389 C. Ore Deposits 1, Bal. Lin - Bu Lu Region 291 ?. Bong Hang Region 395 Hne-Tourane Region A. Introduction B. General View C. Ore Deposits 397 397 398 1. Phu Trach Region 398 2. Phu Gia Region WO 3. Truong Dinh Region 402 4. Phong Le Region 403 5. Phe Xuan Region 405 fr-Iron and Manganese Reserves in Vinh Area 407 ail-Chapter 5. Iron Ores in Southern French Indochina 423 A. Introduction 423 B. Phnom Dek Iron Mine 423 C. Ba Lua Islands Iron Ores 437 6. Manganese Deposits in Cao Bang, Tonkin 445 v/riapter A. Scope and Conclueion 445 B. Introduction 14147 C. General View 448 D. Oro Deposits 459 1, Khan Chang Deposits 459 2. Po Vien Deposita 460 3. Lung Ri Deposits 464 4. Lung Pao Deposits 466 S. Lung Riec Deposita 467 6. Lung Luong Deposita 470 7. Ban Mac Deposits 472 8. Too Tat Deposits 479 9. Ban Sec Deposits 492 10, Hung Mine 498 Titaniferaus Chapter 7. /Iron Ores along San Son Cot and Cal Ranh Big 505 ,A, Summary. 505 B. Introducticin 506 C. Titaniferous Iran Ore in Can Ranh Bar. . 506 D. Titenifarous Iron Ore, Along SseaSon Coast 913 ? Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 A. Introduction 517 B. Nab Manganese Deposit 520 C. Iron sulphide containing Quartz Veins in Nic Mine 528 D. Conclusion $29 ? Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 - . . Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 ? ......I.M13=1.2"10=6:111i KOBUTSU SHIGEN (Mineral Resources), Vol 22 Part 1, FUTSUIN SHIGEN CHOSADAN WDC No 2163350 Table of Contents tpeSection 3. Petroleum , Chapter 10 Petroleum Deposit in Tchepone, Laos Vg/ection 4. Copper Ore Ahapter 1. 'Chapter 2. Copper Ore in Van Sai along the Black River; Tonkin Copper Deposit at Pays, Xieng Khouang Province, Laos L. Diary of Survey Group Movements B. Summary of Survey Section S. Apatite ghapter 1/Apatite Deposit near Lao Cay 2. Results of Survey on Desire Mins 3. Deposit in Kampot Provinoe, Cambodia Aection 6. Chromium Chapter 1. Chromium Deposit near Thanh Hos /..vo ..=?Section 7. Silicon Chapter 1. SilicOn in Tourane, Anna* 1.../5?tion 8. BerstiorBaludte Chapter 1. Bauxite in Lo Son. region, Tonkin 2, Bauxite in Lang Sons Tonkin Tin, Tungsten tion 9. v(hapter 1. ?"Chapter 2. 1 33 3.8 324 28 37 111 127 Central Vistnam137 161 173 Tin and Tungsten 'Ores in Pia Ouae Region, Tonkin Nan Pha Tens Tin Mines, Laos tAction 10. Zinc Ore Cho Dien Zinc Mine and Qua% Ten Refinery Xa Loung Zino Mina Chapter 1. Chapter 2. Chapter 3. Survey Report on It Loung Zinc /Section 11. AntimollY Chapter 1. Antimony Deposit near Ke _139.4,. Anna* Iv? = , .,.:VrAOMP04. 191 207 251 369 353 367 361 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA RDP8i-ninaqpnnoormilr,r,,,, @????? Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 a Setrtion U. Gypsum Chapter 1. Argil at Bien Hoa, Cochinchina Section 15,, Graphite and Silver-lead 1,41;11pter 2. Chapter 1. Mica at Dai An, near Touranes Annuli f,ocelfile,41444?-6*41 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy A proved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 9 positive modernization of business or any growth of industry. Thus, these enterprises are very much retarded. To examine these facts, let us show the condition of imports and exports in 1937 (published by the Pacific Association (Taiheiyo Kyokai) from French Indo-China): % of total exports % of total imports Foodstuff 63.1 8.3 Raw Materials 24.6 3.1 Manufactured Goods 2.6 63.4 Other 9.7 25.2 TOTALS 100.0 100.0 From these figures, showing exports of manufactured goods at 2.6% as against imports of 63.4%, it is very obvious that French Indo-China's industrial development is at a very low level and that this is a low-ranking agricultural area. Thus, this trend by which the coal-mining industry - a basic industry - monopolizes the coal fields, whose benefits could be quite broad, with colonial invest- ments of capital from the French motherland is quite strong. The administrative authority over the mining industry of French Indo-China, heretofore resting in the hands of the President of the French Republic, was transferred on March 31, 1935, to the French Government-General by Presidential decree at the same time that the current Mining Ordhance was enacted. 4_ The Mines Section comes under the office of the Inspector General of Mines and Industry (l'Inspection GenerSle des Mines et de l'Industrie). The supervision of the Inspector General's office, established by presidential decree on December 27, 1938, was begun on August 16, 1939, again,by presidential decree: 1. Article on Ore Mines and Related Industries 2. Article on Hydrocarbons 3. Explosives Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy A?proved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81 01041Pnn99nni 1 A Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 10 4. Article on Chemical Industries and Activated Carbon 5, Steam Engines 6. Labor Administration in Ore and Coal Mines under the jurisdictioft of the Office of the Inspector General for Labor Before the outbreak of the present war, the office of the Inspector General was re-organized into the Offices of Industrial Production and Subsidies. The orp;anizational structure is as follows: 1. Office of the Inspector General 2. Military Materiel Industries Section (projected) 3. Geological Section 4; liines.::Section The organization of the Geological and Mines Sections above is as follows: Geological Section Geological Section Chief 1 Technical Assistant for Labor Supervision . . 1 Nines Section Mines Section Chief (Technician in charge), concurrently Supervisor of Labor 1 Mining Technicians 1 Mining Assistant (Eastern Hanoi Sub-chief) - controller of Explosives and Superintendent of Ore Sales. . 1 Regional branch offices .5-7.171? Sub-station ; Station Chief - Mining Technician 1 Haiphong Sub-station : Station Chief - Mining Tech- nician and Labor Superintendent 1 The main provisions of the current mining-industry law recognize and protect the prior rights of the discoverers of minerals. And, through a simple procedure based on a first-come first-serve system' grants the prospecting rights (Articles 14, 16 and 17), but by Article 8 ownership rights in the mining areas and extraction rights are limited to French citizens and Indo-Chinese natives, totally ? Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 .11 barring any outsiders. Thus, Article 8 "Without regard to nationality, any individual or company may obtain one or more prospecting rights. However, those having owner- ship rights in the mining area and those having extraction rights must be French citizens, French nationals, or those under French pro- tection. ?Companies organized to prospect for minerals or to extract minerals, or companies carrying out both prospecting and extradting must be organized according to French law; thus these companies must be owned in France or in French-ruled colonial areas. "In stock companies three-fourths of the members of the board od directors (Conseil de Surveillance) must be French citizens, French nationals, or those under French protection. "In anonymous associations the board of administration (Conseil d'Administration) must have a membership made up three-fourths of French citizens, French nationals, or those under French protection." Iftortanttprospecting and extracting rights are also protected in order of priority by Article 8 so that individual participation in French Indo-Chinese mining enterprises by foreighers is tbtally ex- cluded. Hatring a company's organization established by a French corp- oration is the only way to particip'ate. And, ?..fOreigilers must be satisfied with holding no more than one-fourth of the executive posi- tions. Besides, other than the Hon Gay, DoneTrieu and Along - Dong Dang coal-mining companies which are managed by Frenchmen, there are just the small Neptune and Cha-cha Mines managed by Anna/nese. The French Indo-Chinese coal-mining industry in general has been prorated by French capital and French technology. However, the Second World War has induced the decline of the influence .of the French homeland, and at the same time the independent development of French Indo-China's economy. The development of the Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4, ? ? ? ? , ? TABLE OF COAL EXTRACTED BY YEAR FROM PITS OF HONGAY MINES UNIT: 1000 TONS '19PrZiESEI COMPARATIVE TABLE OF COAL MINED FROM PITS & OPEN CUTS AT HONGAY MINES UNIT: 1000 TONS E NAME FROM PITS Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007T4 - ? 1 1 1 ? 1? 1 -???, 1 ? ? tf- '71,???" 4Z, .? Ar ea Table of Coal Extracted by Year from Pits of Hongay Mines ?*. "114') .-Artl Unit: 1000 tons year - a r . 4 ttr. I Litol .1 (_ti?tapirs saaa?nd Cr Dalt (4,urk.a, .4 Nt64/ 1 Ifl agaTIL1 fitals ' h ? - 4 11.,4, . -sett. ? .44 I. e. 3 et .; 13; . : ." 2.84.C. 247 6 241 1?71 3 aZ 33.S.1: 1i41C 1,11a4.5 910 157 r . at %it ?4 1' ? 4,?1 4 1. ? : 4,bet.i 74 .41S.4 1 .307-a Q.J'i 4 '4 14 : 14: 9 .39 1 434 91 3C.4. 36ta: 1,4V3-7 1,612-3! 1,5:10.4 Comparative Table of- Qoakifir4e.4.4g0p,mplAts & Open CutAdittfifongay Mines . fittimatis. Unit: 1000 Cdal Min% Name It 1039if -194cl; - - rrva Open_auti_ _ _ ' 9.11' .9""ifr :C4:* fl&L4si, lEataw (Aurtpher Mongc- rha tr.* Port rc urhrt Ma.? K1.46 K kite Tutul __0ANIAWAVige .11".?????; t ?:01...,,, ,, .. ,1,..., ? 1. .7t."?_:,..4. ... ;A\V!...: .i...r.:. 7 ? 't,:..."'''':???:. ?:.? , ?????.4 .: ,? .:-:. t. ??? !,r. ? ...,?:: .. . ,, ,, ?I ? -..X...1 '3'7 kr.,?? ?.. I. ; V7; ,,?t. ....'??':.. ,..... :..i!,...- r. .. .? .4 ... ... '+' ? . -,..1- ??? I', j, ??? . ,, . j%1;::17i.?:;?' ? f. re.. ., ? ? ..y?? , . A-..;????-;..f.: :.-i.:....':.."i':''' -.?;?'',..?..? ? 1.--?,...? .... -.2.4:2?2t;" ' "-:- ?'.:1 ./. _ 4i:r?-?,.??? t - ' ? a ;tea, ' , ,lay:;?? ? - -?-..,-_, ' . ...4-,,,.,..;;;?,,.**; .i.....t '",J6....,-zy?t; :?? !:'. 4,- -410 r - e. .'?', ''''''.,:?'.. .:.''' - ''''.? ' N ? .--; .., . : .'?... ? ???'''. ...4.1Aci.? -?;1' 'ilk': ????'....r.'S 7i' ?'.? ." - ''-'1.Z?;*.i.??-.. 1 -P;t?'1. ?47;71."....F? -. ? k....It.. . A . .' .. %Pr ? r ? , ...' - .. ? '!' :?' ' .: . ;:.' - 7 ?-? ' ' :!., 1 ,-. 7. "- .'?'''. ..???....,'. ':.. I C 4 55.3 IPA! 443 7 1 ma 265.0 431 5 5404 571.4 94 1 47.0 4.14 4 c0 NC .0 38.5 341.2 -11.30.0 92 :`? s.N.5 ,a1 2 65-C 1484 164.o '27 G 201.0 204 7 SA-4 /1.11 .174.8 'X ;4.4 953.7 640-6 4b 46. 51 52 h4. 1S. ? ? ? 4z--1!;i:,,:?.???', ? , ? ? ? ... , 'f ? ? ? . t es. ! ? ???':%1 ???, ' ? k. ??? ? ??77.... ? ? ?? i ? , ? . ' ? .; t t -atIn".%:*;? ''A14t;'' - ? a tons ? ? I ? ?-? 4. -".? ? .".-1?' : :,.;???? ? .%???? ???????- ? ? ? ? . ??3444,i ? ?'?.? ? ???? *.; ???11.-Ft.;;P: ? 74 :0 ? ' ???.: 2.-14 ???.? ? ? ?:?,..t ? A -- 4.:?? , ? .ra.1.1 ?1: - : -I ? iz? ' ? ? ?1. ? ' . Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 ? Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 12 ,er Japan-China Incident and the progress of the Creel; East Asia War has quickened the understanding of the French Indo-Chinese authorities of the significance of the dreateflEast.c.:Asia Co-prosperity Sphere and of the fact that the only way is to cooperate with Japan, that they will have to abandon their reliance on the French motherland and work with Tapan to re-establish trading channels with Japan and other countries which are occupied by Tapan. Coal Mining Regions.3 and the Square Area of these l'egions Applications for the acquiring of mining rights are accompanied by a fixed tax of 900 francs and are made to the regional Mining Section chief in Tonkin Province or to the provincial chief (Chef de Province) in the case of the other provimes. Mining prospecting rights are granted by the Govetnment Genal of French Indo-China. As for the are of the mining regions, by decree of the Govern- ment General on November 10, 1941, the maximum size of a mining region was fixed at 900 hectares (about 2,730,000 tsubo) and the minimum at 100 hectares. The following gives the number of coal mines:,, their area, and the number of persons with mining rights as of January, 1941: Coal Mines and the Area of Mines Type of Coal Number of Mines Anthracite & 70 Sami-anthracite Bituminous (coking) (Established in 1940:. Anthracite Bituminous 1 TOTALS 10 TOTALS 83 (Sic) Area (Hectares) 97,926.5 5,394 .103,320,5 7 4,787 Table df Mines as of January 1, 1941 (Total: 83) 290 5,077 (E - Being Worked Key: (N.E - Not yet being Worked (A.R - Closed Down Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Mine Kebao Hongay Thoi-Giay Lilerte Dong-Thanh Pam-Hop 1Iai -Sixth Vesta Tanan Monigue Royer Kysao Thi-Khang Alenxandre Hien Paul Thi-Hue Antonin Clairon Tambour Neptune Paul Lucesse Marguerise Eclantine Chau-Hai Marcelle Marcel un Jeanette ALttuine Antoine Cectile Francis Hien Lotus Moussan Emile Renee rlance Blance Esperance Van-nho Tot-Lam (1) ANTHRACITE Pwlieg,ofithp,, (.,A4pa Year Condition MI:rangRI1its (Hectares) Province Estab. of Working S.F.C.T. it It ft ft It ff It It If If M. Kysao M. Lapiegue TOTAL (Eastern M. Pham-Monh - Kung it Alang et Dong- Dang M. Kysao M. Ba-Tai 25,000 20,990 364 707 549 172 601 615 859 900 342 780 900 900 47 53,726 Region :- 630 105 66 828 431 460 TOTAL 2,520 (Western M. Lapicgue it it It It Pannier Co. it Mining and ' Shipping Co M. Seguy M. Kysao TOTAL (Alonget Alonget Dong- Dang It it It M.Nguyen-Manr Luong Mining and Shipping Co. It M.Hoang-Ngo- Bac 11 Tran-Dinh- Duang Region - 784 210 39 196 336 360 115 360 802.5 284 8,486.5 Dong Dang 374 50 47 48 408 880 2,400 521 (2-8'2 616 TOTAL 5,626 Quang-yen 1888 It Port Courbet) If 11 tf tt 1! II Port Courbet) 1928 1932 1911 1921 Yen-Lap Region) It If tt ft IT If ft tf 1907 1911 1927 tf 13 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 ^ I. Min611 Uong-bi, Dong Trieu Region Owner of the Area Year Mining Rights (Hectares) Province Estab. 14 Condition of Working Fabien Alexandre Comet Francois Printemps Saladin Espoir Francois Clotilde-Louise Louisette Coloung Toling Allert (1) Henriette Dong-Giao Alice Yvonne Henri Armand Dominique M. Bach-Thai- Buoi It M.Cas-Dac-Thuy M.Pham-Niu-Bang S.C.D.T. II ? Indor,China Coal & Metals Mining It tt M.Boy Landry Te Guita M. Aviat Tuyen-Quang Coal ft Tonkin Wolfram & Tin Company 724 1,200 192 30 419 1,860 2,400 2,400 2,400 720 800 800 320 220 196 248 900 900 290 0.j.lang-yen 1915 Haiduang 11 1915 Quang -yen It It Haiduong 1900 Hai duong & Quang-yen 1905 It 1908 Quang-yen 1894 Thai-Nguyen1913 It 1914 If It Niuh-Binh 1901 Tuyen-Quanglnl It 1922 Cao-Bang Laugson A.R N. E A. R N E NE N E AE NE A E TOTAL 10,324 Company Name (or Individual) No. of NinIng Areas Area (Hectares) S. F. C. T. 12 54,281 S. C. D. T. 5 17,875 Alonget Dong-Dang 5 685 M. Seguy 5 2,515.5 M. Kysao 6 3,343 M. Lapicque 6 1,612 Indo-China Coal & Metals Mining Co. 5 3,912 M. Bach-Thai-Buo 2 1,924 M. Ba-Tai 1 460 Others 37 16,813 TOTALS 75 103,320.5 Finally, a comparison with metallic-ore mines: Material No. of Mining Areas Area (Hectares) Anthracite Bituminous Coal 73 10) 28.4% 97,9271 5,394' ? cd 7V"-I? Tungsten 48 16,203 Tin 68 32,484 Iron and Manganese 20 10,145 Apatite (Phosphorus oref 19 10,635 Gold 18 12,176 Chrome 8 4,383 Others 28 16,522 TOTALS 292 205,689 Note: % given LI. percentage of total Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 15 Taxes Collected on Mining The average amount collected by the Mining Tax Collection Office is as follows for the tikdfdifferent types: Kind 1938 1939 1940 1st Type 13,364: 13,973 15,524 piasters 2nd Type 5,955.4 5,222.6 6,704.3 For reference, we may record a summary of taxes collected from French Indo-China's coal mines - The three kinds of taxes are the mine tax, mine production tax and profit tax: 1. Mine taxes 0.9 piasters per year per hectare or less from the year of approval of establishing the mine. 2. Mine production taxes Computed independently for each of the two types, according to the annual average market value of the mine product of the pre- vious year, delivered F.O.B. portside or F.O.R. at the railhead (According to the two types shown in the table). The value of the tax is 3% of the standard value. Or, if the value rises above 3% of the standard value, the tax is 0.025% of the first 20% over the standard valua, 0.05% of the next 20%, and the rest (i.e., all above 40%) is assessed at 0.4%. On the whole amount there is a limit of 60%. Thor example: If the average market price for the previous year was 14.3 piasters, the percentage of the value which exceeds the standard price Of 9.65_Tiasters is 14.30 - 9.65 = 48.2% . 9.65 This is taxed as follows: Pn the standard (average) 3.00% On the first 20% - 0.025% X 20, or 0.05% On the next 20% - 0.05% X 20, or .0.10% On the remaining 8.2% 0.1% X 8..2, or TOTAL 3.97% So, 3.97% of 14.3 piasters is taxed - 0.565 piasters. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 it TYpe '2nd Type 16 3. Profit taxes Extractors are taxed by 10% of the previous year's net profit derived from extracting operations. However, the tax is on the standard derived by subtracting 3,600 piasters from the net profit. Table of the Kinds of TTaxes on Mine Products and the Standard Prices Taxable Nine Products Anthracite Bituminous Brown coal, bri- quettes; other processed products except unscreened coal. Comparative Annual Average Prices Average market price of coal from Hongay mines, at Hongay & Can Hua ports; and Dong Trieu coal at Le Dong port; Mao Cay pit coal at Le Dong & Mao Cay ports - all graded coal of more than 30mm and FOB. Unscreened anthra- Average FOB market price of anthra- cite coal. Powder cite containing less than 15% ash anthracite under and under 10mm in size; delivered 6mm with impurities from the Hongay mines to Hongay or not removed & with Can Hua ports, or from Dong Trieu under 12% volatile mines to Le Dong, or from Mao Cay elements; excludes pit to Le Dong or Mao Cay ports. ash and water part. High-grade brown bituminous coal, ash & water parts removed, more than 40% volatile ele- ments. Average Total Price for Concentrated and Screened Coal Delivered to our Ports Standard Price 9.65 piaLters 4.65 Year Average Price (in Yen) for conc. & screened coal 1931 - 11.60 1932 20.70 1933 13.00 1934 1.3.10 1935 13.20 1936 13.50 1937 15.60 1938 20.00 1939 22.00 1940 23.00 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R00220011nnn7-4 Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 17 National Taxes on Coal Products (Average of Rough Totals) Type of Tax Way Computed 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 .1940 - Tax (Fuel Ores Computed from 78898 98154 122969 714370 874202 1062544 Computed (Other Ores totals 39424 45516 281277 369963 435969 486956 by % ( TOTALS 118322 143670 404246E11833331311171 1549500 Land Tax Collected Land Area According to Land Value Computation 142800 109404 110372 104931 11069$ 200252 Tax on Contracts (Cay Computed for 1295 1480 1040 1350 896 922 Bao Mines) Tonkin Area Tax Fixed by Mine Depth Computed by 9875 9950 14025 16525 10400 12525 Region Mine Tax (Tax Set by Computed from 200 350 1200 1800 3800 3100 (Application totals (Tax Set by 550 650 2150 850 2400 2100' (Inspection 273042 265504 533533/1208789109362 1768399 GRAND TOTALS Note: Tax computed by percentage is a tax which is liquidated every other year with the Mines Section as a tax on production. Finally, the land tax by province (Unit: piasters): 1939 1940 Tonkin 77,097 147,455 Annam 20,097 30,066 Cambodia 1,691 3,211 Laos 11,972 19,520 110,696 200,252 For tin and tungsten the taxation rate reaches the maximum limits, but coal is taxed only 6% for the 1st Type (4.98% in the previous year) and 4.92% for the 2nd Type, (3.67% year). in the previous Though 1940 was a year of general decrease in production as. compared to 1930, the increase in the tax computed by percentage is due to the rise in prices. Under most recent conditions the supply and demand relationships of the past have broken down. Together with the shortage of freight space, the rapid increase in coal stock-piles also worries the pro- ducers so that the mahagement it not at all like it appeared to be in former times. They are fearful of the effect which will result Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81-01041Ron79nni1nnn7 A Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 18 from our country's completion of the development of the North China anthraciPe. They are doing their utmost to induce domestic constmp- tion of their product. By a decree of the Government-GenBral on March 13, 1942, a standard amount of production was fixed so that as a result a controlled management of production and marketting has been brought into the picture. Decree of the Government-General on Fuel-Ore Production Plan - (Issued on March 13, 1942) 1. The extraction of fuel ores in the three provinces of Quang-yen, Haiduong and Bac-giang must follow the production plan established by decision of the Government-General each year. 2. The percentage of producers for the domestic market to producers for the export market will be detertined by consideration of the past production peak for each mine, the special relationships between the extractors, and the market for their products. The market, as a general rule, will be reserved for those mines presently being worked; mines which cease production during the next six months and mines which started operations more than six months ago but which are still not up to full production will not receive permission to market their product. 3. Contracts for domestic marketting or for exporting are required to obtain a prior vise from the Chief, Haiphong Mining Industries Branch Office. This same Branch Office chief will Inspect these contracts to verify their adherence to the consitions of the program and to other regulations. 4. The customs houses, tax offices, the native constabulary of the Chi-Linh regional office and the officials of the Mining Industries Office and diplomatic ministers shall, in order to set forth clearly the details of markets and transportation, have the right to rule between the customs houses and the Mining Industries Inspector General and the chiefs of the tax offices on the basis of. the controlling regulations. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R0022001innn7-4 ir Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 - -19 5. The carrying out of the duties acbruing to the Mining Industries Office and its branch offices through the above articles ? is the responsibility of the Mining Section of Indo-China. The said office shall investigate the allocation of production in ton units, or the allocations resulting from modifications in the pro- duction plans. Also, this same office will present proposals to assist in the making of such modifications. 6. Responsibility for carrying the said Ordinance of the Government General into effect is born by the Director General of the Government Gener111 the Directorate General of Tonkin Province, the Directbr of the Economics Office, the Customs Houses, the Di- rectors of the Tax Offices, the Inpsectors General for Mining Indus- tries and other related officials. Table A Production Standards for Fuel-Ore Mines (Unit: tons) Domestic Market Foreign Market 1st Grade Products 2nd Grade Prod. Tonkin Coal Mining Co. Dong-Trieu Company Dong-Dang Co. Cha-cha Mine Tambour Mine Neptune Mine 407,000 153,000 120,000 70,000 60,000 70,000 3,000 12,000 5,000 10,000 2,500 7,500 10,000 2,500 77;500 - - Na fixed . Amount , TOTALS 500,000 230,000 210,000 Table B Maxima for Monopolies in Domestic Indigenous-Demand Market M. Beauregard 15?000 tons Bao-Ha Mines 10,000 Bieho Mines 8,000 Co-Keith Mines 3,000 TOTAL 36,000 tons GRAND TOTAL: 976,000 tons Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R0027001innn7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 ar? 20 Section 2 Geology and the Quality of the Coal The coal fields of French Indo-China can be divided into the following different fields: (1) Hongay coal fields a. Kebao region b. Cam-pha - Mong-dzuang region c. Hatou - Halam region d. Nagotna Ngahai region (2) Dong-Trieu coal fields a. Dong-Dang region b. Yen-lap -- Mao-Khe region c. Clotilde-Lonise region Phan-me coal fields Tuyen-quang coal fields Phu-nho-quang coal fields Tourane coal fields (3) (4) (5) (6) 1. In the Hongay coal fields the middel and upper coal measures are worked. This is true in the Cam-pha and Hatou - Halam regions' coal layers and in the upper coal measures of Mong Dzuang, Ngahai and Nagotna. 2. In the Dong-Dang region of the Dong-Trieu coal fields the upper coal measures are woliked, and the Yen-lap and Mao-Khe regions work the lower coal measures. In the Clotilde-Louise area the middle and upper parts of the coal measures are worked. These groups of coal seams are believed to run westward and to continue for more than 20 kilometers. As the above coal fields are related to the Rhetgue layer of the Mesozoic deposits, the coal quality is all anthracite and is pretty much uniform. The upper coal measures number many tens of seams and are excellent quality coal, mostly one to three meters thick. The middle coal seams are made up of the thick main seam Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 21 and just two or three seams tangential to it. The lower coal measures are partly coal seams of about seven meters thickness, but in general are coal layers of about a meter in thinkness, with large amounts of impurities. They have very limited possibilities. Thus, the middle and upper coal measures are representative of French Indo-Chinese anthracite. 3. The Phan-me coal fields, just-as with the previous two fields, are made up of coal seams belonging to-the Mesozoic layers. But, in the Phe Xuan region (?) the coal seams are very narrow and contain many faults along the strike of_the seams. There are only two places where the seam continues for as much as 400 meters. The coal here is the only strong coking coal in French Indo-China. However, since the amount of the reserves is no more than several hundred thousand tons, it is felt that its possibilities for the future are extremely Poor. 4. The Tuyen-quang coal fields are coal deposits belonging to the Tertiary strata and are in direct contact with Palaeozoic sfrata coal because of faults. Their area of reserves follows along a' strike which runs along a 1,500 meter incline for about 200 meters. The coal seams are quite windy and range in thickness from two to seven meters. The coal contains many intrusionsiof slate and when it is caked with low-grade bituminous coal can be used as furnace coal. Thus, for local supply it is an interesting coal. However, the reserves of this coal probably do not exceed a million and three or four hundred thousand tons. 5. The Phu-nh6-quang coal field and the Tourane coal field are both very small-scale operations, and neither has any future possibilities. In summary, the coal of French Indo-China - in a word - is represented by the anthracite coal of the Tonkin region. And, as far as use in railroads, industries and bunkers goes, there is but a very small amount of the proper kinds of coal, so that thet:le development of future industries will have to await studies on methods for using anthracite and also wil/Laaietotawait the import Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 of bituminous coal from other areas. Coal Quality The coal of French .Indo-China is mostly anthracite. Bituminous coal is found only at Phan-me and Tuyen-quang. The first locality Produces strthng coking coal, the latter, weak coking coal. Although it is used for steam boilers and part of it can be used to make clokel the amount of reserves is small; and the slight prospect for increasing production is to be rggretted. The anthracite is of the best quality to be found in East Asia. And, being unlimited in quantity, it has very promisihg possibilities for the,future. Though it does not come up to the Shensi Province anthracite of North China in quantity, quality-wise it is superior to that of Shensi. _7(J2.-1 Among the anthracites of French Indo-China, that of the Hongay region has been demonstrated by analysis to contain but a small percentage of water and ash, while the percentage of volatile elements is comparatively great, reaching 7% (sic). In contrast, the anthracite of the Dong-Trieu region has a high water content - more than 4%; and compared to the anthracite of the Hongay region, its ash content, too, is somewhat high while the volatile :elements come to less than 4% Yet, the coal of both Hongay and Dong-Trieu has a fixed carbon content of about 90%. Because of its large amount of volatile elements, Hongay coal burns easily. Also, as for hard- ness, the coal of the Dong-Trieu region is much harder. Consequently, it has a 4igh percentage of lump coal, so that as a basic resource for various industrial uses, each has its advantages and disadvahtages. Yet, as far as anthracite prices are concerned, both coals are about . the same. Next, the anthracite of the Bicho 4-e.,4441:1:: and Mao-Khe regions, because of its high ash content, is far inferior to that of the previous two regions. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 23 Finally, for the future, the anthracite coal of French Indo- China will be a very useful kind of coal for nixing in the manufacture of coke, as well as in the carbide industry; and it will of course be a very important natural resource of the East Asia Co-prosperity Sphere. Section 3 Conditions of Production Coal holds a central position among all the Franch Indo-Chinese mining-industry products and is of fine quality - even the best in the world. But, in terms of world power the value of this product is faitly insignificant - equalling no more than 1/20th of all the coal produced in our country in 1940. Now, coal production in French Indo-China during the past 50 years was as follows: Classification Unit: 1000 tons of coal 1890-99 1900-09 1910-19 1920-29 1930-39 Total Anthracite 1,438.9 2,806.3 5,476.4 12,400.4 19,033.4 41,155.4 Semi-anthracite 159.6 125.4 192.7 17.9 495.6 Bituminous coal (used as coke) - - 67.1 286.2 253.3 606.6 Brown (soft) - 96.5 84.2 100.4 240.1 521.2 TOTALS 1,438.9 3,062.4 5,753.1 12,979.7 19544.7 42,778.8 After management of coal mining by the French began in French Indo-China, the production peaks have moved steadily upward. The ayfollat of the extracted coal by class of coal during the past ten years was as Year follows (Unit: 1000 tons): Anthracite 13-10% vola-) ?tile comp. Others (15-45% vola- 'tile comp. ) Total 1931 1,673 53- 1,726 1932 1,665 49 1,714 1933 1,542 49 1,591 1934 1,555 37 1,592 1935 1,740 34 1,774 1936 2,151 35 2,186 1937 2,264 43 2,307 1938 - 2,280 55 2,335 1939 2,561 54 2,615 1940 2,443 58 2,501 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Looking at the picture this delineates, one can see the de- crease in amounts produced in the period of the world depression extending from 1931 to 1933. But, the trend from 1935 on was for increases. However, due to the outbreak of the Japan-China Incident and the Second European disturbance, the markets became restricted, French technicians were drafted and laborers were requisitioned so that no strengthening of productive capacities could be comtemplated. After the Greater East Asia War broke out, the sea lanes about Europe and America were cut so that even the sea transport facilities of the neutral countries could not be counted on. In view of the lamentable insufficiency of our own ships, the limits on the markets for French Indo-Chinese coal - with only our Japan remaining as an external mar- ket - unfortunately cannot be overcome. Table of Coal Produced - by Company & Mine (Unit: tons) (See Appended Sheet #1) Table of Extracted Coal - by Type of Coal (Unit: tons) (See Appended Sheet #1) The method of exttaction in the initial period of the develop- ment of the French Indo-China coal fields was to dig the exposed heads of the thick seams. But, after carrying on open-air digging for a time, the conditions gradually worsened; and they switched to digging in pits. The following table shows the figures for open-pit extraction of coal during the last ten years Method of (Unit 1000 tons): Digging 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 Open-air 47,c, 460 450 445 510 627 708 736 832 875 Pit 1257 1254 1141 1147 1265 1559 1600 1599 1783 1625 TOTAL 1727 1714 1591 1592 1775 2186 2308 2335 2615 2600 % Open-air 27.2 26.8 28.2 27.9 28.8 28.8 30.6 31.6 31.8 34.8 % Pit 72.8 73.2 71.8 72.1 71.2 71.2 69.4 68.4 68;2 65.2 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 ,t (1) Anthracite 1931 Ti S. F. C. T. 1,397,000 S. C. D. T. 162,000 Along et Dong-Dang 52,000 Tambour 2,000 Neptune Cha-cha 40,000 Co-Kenh 16,000 Bicho Printemp Esperanee Emile Marcelle Van-nho Paul _Song au Dzuong Thai Loc Thi-Hue Total Quang- 'Yen Basin strata an- thracite MM. 1,669,000 Phu-Lung- Thuong (Bo- Ha) Ubc-Le Phuto Richesse -Dong Viet Phong Saly - Others - Total Gee 4 000 4,000 Total for Anthracite, 1,673,000 Appended Sheet # Table of Coal Produced - by Company & Nine 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 -1-51* (2) 1,304,000 220,000 1,078,000 320,000 1,015,000 373,000 1,059,712 502,808 1,465,547 538,350 1,637,826 483,656 1,644,288 458,269 1,787,095 562,605 50,000 42,000 42,000 39,854 41,260 41,373 54,633 64,062 4,000 7,000 16,000 50,329 29,000 20,642 34,064 26,464 3,000 5,000 14,000 19,999 20,000 20,000 18,610 34,636 57,000 21,000 12,000 20,229 17,012 31,356 48,833 45,761 14,000 10,000 11,000 15,996 17,823 23,298 11,100 12,867 8,000 18,000 26,000 27,819 17,117 3,836 3,506 5,854 3,082 4,415 2,018 4,189 10,079 130 1,730 800 .1m1. 0??? 100 327 400 IMO 370 598 40 dmIP - 150 ???? ???? - _ IMO Om, _ _ _ - Gme _ _ 11660,000 1,501,000 1,509,000 1,740,228 2,150,654 2,264,378 2,279,920 2,550,740 ???? doll& ONO 294 4,529 OM, 111.. 5,752 dm* 4 5 000 41,000 46,000 *Mt 5,000 41,000 46,000 294 10,285 1,665,000 1,542,000 1,555,000 1,740,228 2,150,654 2,264,378 2,280,214 2,561,025 1940 -TTT 1,715,92 484,786 69,435 52,563 25,954 40,600 4,574 8,545 7,119 2,000 480 -40 4,529 3,669 1,564 40 600 2,421,855 13,493 8 7,671 loo 4 21,276 2,443,131- Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 (2) Bituminous 1931 Phan-me 30,000 Tuyen-quang 21,000 Yen-Bay (Name omitted) Other 2,000 Total for Bituminous 53,000 (3) Semi-bitumi- nous coal Nongson Surptise (Hoa-Binh) Total Om, 1932 1933 1934 23,000 24,000 17,000 25,000 10,000 10,000 1,000 15,000 10,000 49,000 49,000 37,000 Appended Sheet #1-b 1935 1936 1937 193$ 1939 1940 16,236 18,439 17,567 16,977 33,842 22,722 20,306 31,695 23,021 33,631 20,155 200 39,675. 15,357 2,000 134 35,416 43,128 54,716 53,986 57,166 200 279 310 200 589 GRAND TOTAL ALL COAL 1,726,000 1,714,000 1,591,000 1,592,000 1,774,070 2,186,070 2,307,506 2,334,930 2,615,211 2,500,886 Notes: (1) Mao-Khe Mine (2) Mao-Khe Mine (3) Hongay Brown coal (4) Same 169,000 105,000 tons & Kebao Nine 81,000 tons) tons & K.ebao-Mine 84,000 tons) 26,440 tons) 28,073 tons) are included. -X Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 1. t ,, , , 1 , 1.. % 1 1 Appended-Sileet #1-c Table of Extracted Coal - by Type of Coal (Unit : tons) Coal Type 1931 1932 . 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 :0 -t Anthracite 1,673,000 1,665,000 a(S.F.C.T. % 83.4 a(S.C.D.T. % 9.7 n Total 93.1 78.5 13.2 91.7 Bituminous, Soft coal 53,000 49,000 Semi-bitumi- nous coal IMO 1,542,000 1,555,000 1,740,228 2,150,654 69.5 65.3 60.9 68.1 20.7 24.0 28.9 25.0 90.2 89.3 89.8 93.1 49,000 37,000 33,842 35,416 2,264,378 2,230,214 2,561,025 72.3 72.1 69.8 21.4 20.1 22.0 93.7 92.2 91.8 43,128 54,716 53,986 2,443,131 70.2 19.8 90.0 57,166 200 589 GRAND TOTAL 1,726,000 1,714,000 1,591,000 1,592,000 1,774,070 2,186,070 2,307,506 2,334,930 2,615,211 2,500,886 Note: The breakdown, is the percentage of the production of the two big mines against the overall total fpr anthracite production. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 ????? 25 As seen in the table, there has been an increase during the past several years in the percentage of open-air digging. This .as been aided by the employment of women and children who replace miners transferring from the 'Hongay mines, for example, to such jobs as work in military materi61 factories. The women and children work in the safe, easy open pits. This,tthen9-.explains how the amount of coal extracted is rnintained. Dressing and Screening Coal Although washing and grading the coal from the best coal seams, and thus from the finest part of the coal, in general should produce a standard grade of extracted coal, the increase in the admixture of impurities, 'plugs of dirt and sand from the coal seams in pit diggiTig is unavoidable. However, the Hongay and Dong-Trieu mines not only screen and hand-sort their coal in order that it will conform toth military specifications for use as coke in chemical industries, but they also have installed water-washing machines, and in other ways are endeavoring to improve the quality. Most of the small mines merely screen the coal. The following table shows the extracted coal classified by company, distinguishing dressed and unscreened coal (Unit:1000 tons): Table of Companies, Dressed and Unscreened Coal (Part I) Name of Mine 1935 ? 1936 1937 Dressed Unscr. Total Dressed Unscr. Total Dress Unscr. Total Tonkin 480 580 1060 514 951 1465 558 1080 1638 45 55 100 35 65 100 34 66 100 Dong-Trieu 324 179 503 379 159 538 309 175 484 % 64 36 100 70 30 100 64 36 100 Cha-cha . *a ,0 6 30 14 70 20 100 5 30 12 70 17 100 10 32 21 68 31 100 Along et 3 37 ' 40 4 39 43 5 36 41 Dong-Dang 8 92 100 10 90 100 12 88 100 Other anthra- cite mines % 18 14 104 86 121 loo 7 8 83 92 90. 100 2 3 69 97 71 100 Totals a /0 830 47 914 53 1714 110 909 42 1242 58 2151 100 884 39 1381 61 2265 100 Bitum. total 7 . 27 34 5 30 35 16 27 43 % 20 80 100 15 85 100 37 63 lop GRAND TOTAL 834 941 1778 914 1272 2186 900 1403 2308 % 47 53 100 , 4? 53 100 39 61 100 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 , 26 Name of Nine Table. of Companies, Di?essed and Unscreened Coal (Part II) 1940 Unscr. Total 1938 Dressed Uhscr. Total 1939 Dressed Unser. Total Dress Toir 627 38 1014 62 1641 100 659 38 1128 62 1787 100 556 32 1159 68 1715 100 Don -Trieu 301 157 458 354 209 563 289 197 485 / 66 34 100 63 37 100 59 41 100 Cha-cha 14 35 49 11 34 45 7 34 41 29 71 100 24 76 100 17 83 100 Al.ong et 5 50 55 5 59 64 4 65 69 Dong-Dang 9 91 100 8 92 100 6 94 100 Other anthra- cite mines a /0 4 5 73 95 77 100 8 8 94 92 102 100 10 7 125 93 135 100 Totals 951 1329 2280 1038 1523 2561 865 1580 2445 % 42 58 100 41 59 100 35 65 100 Bitum. total 14 441 55 12 42 54 10 45 55 % 25 75 100 22 78 100 18 82 100 GRAND TOTAL 965 1370 2335 1050 1565 2615 875 1628 2500 % 41 59 100 40 60 100 35 65 100 Section 4 Condition of Exports & Imports The policies of the French motherland toward French Indo-China, as already discussed, are of a colonial character toa high degree, so that Indo-China is no hbre than a reserved market for natural resources for the industries of the homeland. Also, as a monopolized market for the motherland's manufactured goods, it is forced into a subordi- nate relationship with the homeland and is made tb adopt exclusionist policies toward the countries competing with the homeland. For this reason, such raw materials as rice, rubber and coal, which constitute theykeys of the Indo-Chinese economy, occupy an overwhelmingly pre- dominant position, while the big profits go to the French homeland. Thus, the domestic market for coal, a basic production material for Indo-Chinese industry, is extremely narrow; and the favorable price of Indo-Chinese coal cannot be manifested domestically. Through its exports, the coal extensively seeks out foreign markets, and finds its cheif markets along the trade channels of the Far East. ( Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 27 1. the Domestic Market French Indo-China used its national production of coal Partly for export and partly for domestic consumption. The amount of cons- dmption, compared with the amount produced, is 30%.736%.a NO17;twe may show the domestic consumption during the past ten years as follows (Unit: 1000 tons): 1931 1932 Domestic Consumption 523 495 Amount Produced 1726 1714 Domestic ConsumPtion 30.3 28.8 as % of total Of these amounts, the Hongay and Dong-Trieu mines supplied, as usual, almost all of the anthracite for the domestic market, contributing 90% and 91% reppectively in 1939 and 1940. Also, the tendency for an increase in domestic consumption over the years tells of the develop- ment of industries and the rise of small-scale subsidiary industries. This shows the interesting fact that in the past French Indo-China has been a country for supplying natural resources. 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 1938 1939 1940 452 442 503 757 *690 744 829 919 1591 1592 1774 2186 2308 2335 2615 2501 28.4 27.7 28.3 25.6 29.8 31.8 31.7 36.7 Finally, as shown in the following table of domestic coal con- sumption by province, Tonkin province is far ahead of the other Protected areas in the development of its chei4cal industries, with most of French Indo-China's chemical,facteries, paper-making factories and other factors fOrefront in grouped here, so that this province modern industrial development. Table of the Domestic Coal Martet the (Unit: 1000 tons). 1940 1939 nunr. Bitum. uoke Br. Total Anznr. Bizum. (Joke Br. Tozal- Tonkin 560.0 46.1 69.3 676 646.5 56.8 -34.0 737.3 Annam 15.1 4.6 19.1 394 19.8 6.3 23.7 49.8 Cochin China 69.9 44.7 114 96.9 35.4 132.3 Briquette 149.9 3.7 154 115.2 3.0 118.2 Production Mine Consum. 78.0 1.4 20.5 100 90.3 8.5 13.2 112.0 TOTALS 868.9 55.8 153.6 108.3 968.7 74.6 106.3 1149.6 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 28 Next, the changes in the distribution of coal in French Indo- China are shown in the following table (Unit: 1000 tons): Table of Coal Distribution 1937 1938 1939 1940 Amount Produced 2308.0 2334.5 2615.0 2500 Amount Imported 13.4 13.3 14.9 15.2 Coal Stock 69.9 29.8 Withdrawn from 63.0 49.0 8.1 Stockl: Added to Stock from Impprts 11.0 Total Apparent 2252.5 2410.8 2690.0 2493.5 Consumptio4 Domestic Coal as Coke Brig. 106.9 109.3 153.6 118.2 Imported Coal - 20.0 16.7 26.0 23.3 Use in Mfctrg. TOTALS 126.9 126.0 179.6 141.5 Coal Distribution 2122.6 2285.0 2510.0 2352.0 (Allocation) Stock - Dec. 31 266.7 20,000 to 30,000 tons of bituminous coal had to be imported for processing into briquettes and coke. Although the total consump- tion of coal in 1940 was 2515.2 thousand tons, computations result in apparent consnmption of Since 141.5 thousand tons of coal are consumed the differences in 2493.5 thousand tons. by use in -p.e manufac- ture of coke briquettes, the net of 2352 thousand tonst allocated as the amount consumed at the mines, the amount of export and the amount of domestic consumption. The following table shows the allocated coal (Unit: 1000 tons) 1937 1938 1939 1940 Mine consumption 63.3 71.3 78.0 98.8 Amount of Export 1532.7 1573.0 1718.0 1461.0 Amount Reexported 61.0 89.0, 640.0 Amount Domestic )526.6 653.0 703.6 Consumption TOTALS 2122.6 2285.0 2510.0 2352.0 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 ?? 29 2. Foreign Markets In the initial period of the Indo-Chinese coal industry, what with the restrictions on the markets, it was like groping along a path of brambles. Yet, in 1915, during Wotld War I the markets were expanded due to the unprecedented rise in prices but despite the crisis of rising costs for sea freight. However, after 1929 the industry felt the effects of unsettled world conditions and was unable to find markets within the country; it took much painful effort to break through protective tariffs and other great barriers. Even with such favorable factors as fine-qaality coal and low wages it was very difficult. And, in 1931 the consumption by local inhabi- tants had dropped by 20%. From 1931-33 consumption dropped 10% over- all. And, exports to O-apan were at the unprecedented rate of Y11.60 per ton until conditions for maintaining the level of exports were finally established; Yet, the precipitous fall of the price of silver in China - the chief importer in the Far East market - resulted in a decrease in that nationAs buying power. This had no small effect on the development of French Indo-China's commerce and industry. After World War I the cost of freight pushed up and up due to the critical shortage in shipping at Shanghai. The cost of freight to France had risen to 21.58 piasters in 1938, 25.0 in 1939 and 50.0 piasters in 1940. And, when the war between the French and Ger- mans began, exports had, in fact, entirely ceased. The American market was in the same shape too. At the end of 1939 the cost of freight to Mexico had reached 42 shillings 6 pence, and thus was obstructing the settlement of payments. French Indo-China gradually. became able to consume some of its coal itsKf, but the overseas markets were being lost. In contrast, the Far Eastern markets are largely unchanged and are the main customers, consuming 90% of French Indo-China's cog. In 1932 the demand for Indo-Chinese coal, paralleling the development of our heavy industries, became very strong, and from 1935-1937 took Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 30 51 - 53% of the total amount exported from French Indo-China. Although the strengthenthng of the administration of our currency exchange in 1937 led to some decrease, the necessity.of increasing the amount of our import has become more and more urgent since the conclusion of the French Indo-China Agreement between our Occupation forces and North and South French Indo-China. Yet, because of the shipping shortage, it is hard to see how this can be done. The China market is more opportune for them from the regional point of view than is our country; and though their imports could exceed ours, still the collapse in the price of silver in China in the Spring of 1933 was very violent; and the enforcement of protective tariffs had the effect of a very strong blow against that market. Exported to: French Indo-China's Coal Exports 1931 1932 1933 1934 1935 1936 1937 (Unit: 1000 tons) 1938 1939 1940 1941 Japan 436 345 527 547 756 913 808 672 673 476 515 China 35 504 40 30 503 44 42 401 32 47 274 23 51 218 15 53 297 17 53 257 17 49 410 30 37 507 29 31 645 42 39 238 18 Hong Kong 188 167 112 95 86 88 1l2. 135; 188C. 106 374 Philippines 5 2 5 1.7 29 9 16 26 26 28 17 Singapore 6 2 5 7 9 11 20 3 15 10 20 Thailand 8 3 5 7 12 8 14 17 29 29 15 Total for the Orient 1147 1022 1055 947 1110 1326 1227 1263 1438 1297 1179 a 92 89 84 81 74 -77 81 92 81 84 89 France Proper 90 117 180 196 252 28$ 249 193 171 2 0 8 10 14 17 17 17 16 14 10 (0) 0 Nbrth America 0 ,0 0 0 61 87 8 25 25 0, - Other 11 8 16 28 80 21 48 92- 147 251(1)151 GRAND TOTAL 1248 1147 1251 1171 1503 1719 1532 1373 1779 1550 1330 Notes: (Statistics.for 1935-40 are those of the French Indo- Chinese Government. (1) includes 24,000 tons exported to Italy. (2) includes 39,000 tons shipped to Manchukuo and 55,000 tons for ship stoking. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 -r(continuation) 1 Excerpts from Reports of the French Indo-China Resources Survey Group - Minral Resources, published by the Southern Area Office, Ministry for Greater East Asia Part I Chapter 1 Section 5 Anthracite Impotted into Our Country The first time that French Indo-Chinese anthracite was imported into our country was about 1917. It was but a very small quantity, but after the end of the First European War the demand increased so that imports were seen to reach 800,000 to 900,000 tons, as in 1936- 1937. Although the amount decreased somewhat thereafter because of our nation's exchange controls and the shortage of shipping, the decrease was chiefly in the lower grades of coal. Higher grades of coal, which are useable in chemical industries and other areas, were imported just as before. The major classes (according to use) of coal imported from French Indo-China before the Incident (war with China) were: 1. Used in chemical industries 43% 2. Raw material for coke 21 3. Others 36 Conditions thereafter caused an increase in the import of that anthracite used as a reducing agent, besides one or two other uses, while low-grade briquette coal, "kitchen" coal, coal for drying, etc., showed a decrease. Thus, the excellent coal of Dong Trieu, etc., may have decreased slightly, but the poorer grades of coal. saw definite import decreases. While we cannot give the latest statistics, those at the time of the outbreak of the China Incident were as follows (in percentages): Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 _ ' Tokyo-Yokohama area Nagoya area -Ebbe-Osaka area Wakayama-Matsuyama area TOTALS Hoi_agaz 30. 7 a 16 61 2 Dong Trieu Others Total 4 12 46 1 3 11 3 5 16 9 2 27 17 22 Record of Imports of French Indo-China Coal Im orter Kind of Coal Destination 5. 0 8,000 340 5,000 - 2,500 351,0 7,000 17,000 Mitsui Bussan Hongay 7apan Formosa Manchuria Dong Trieu Manchuria MD MO Iwai Shoten ti TI Japan 250,000 203,000 188,000 Manchuria East Asia Coal W. Hongay Japan 44,000 76,000 58,000 Co. (ex Far East Company) Ataka Trading Co. Tambour Tapan 15,000 17,000 7,000 Min-Tok Trade Pro- Dong Trieu Korea motion Company 23,000 55,000 Azuma Trading Co. Hongay Tapan 5,000 6,000 13,000 TOTALS 842,000 681,000 703,000 (Tapan 834,000 651,00.0-02C000_ (Formosa 8,000 5,000 7,000 Breakdomn ( (Korea 23,000 55,000' (Manchuria 2,500 37,000 100 24,0 28ah0 9,000 29,000 7,000 2,000 359000 140,000 153,000 2,000 39,000 42,000 7,000 8,000 24,000 25,000 10,000 8,000 499,000 562,000 499,000 491,000 9,000 7,000 24,000 29,000 25,000 39,000 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 e? 3 Consumption Usalso of.French Indo-China's Coal Imports Umm Coking gas Carbide- Chemical Ind. Iron & Steel Manufacture. Manufacture of Ships & Maohns Light metallic eleotredes' Pottery Minor uses,etc. Coal briquette T t-;apein 0 ((D0Aistio) T (7r*.. 1( Kora L ( Manchuria GRLND TOTAL' Origin japan Japan Formosa Japan Manchuria Korea japan Japan Japan Japan Japan Japan 1437 1938 122Z 1940 172,000 190,000 220,000 231,000 195,000, 268,000 . 8,000 152,000 5,000 7,000 120,000 125,000 2,500 17,0013 23,000 55,000 6,500 2,000 5,000 2,000 7,000 3,000 78,000 31,000 22,000 500 2,000 4,000 8,000 6,000 10,000 184,000 100,000 65,000 834,000 651,000 624,000 8,000 5,000 7,000 - 23,000 55,000 2,500 17,000 842,000 681,500 703,000 1941, 165,000 118,000 203,000 136,6) 9,000 7,000 58,000 50,000 29,00 39,060 24,009 25,000 5,000 12;000 6,000 8,60 9,000 15;000 2,000 24d6 10,060 -8,00 64,000 55;666 437,000 491,999 9,000 7,000 24,000 25,000 29,000 39,0p9 499,000 562,000 Movement of Average Prices in the Tonkin Gulf Area 2"(Unit: .?plasters) 1222 1224 122/ 1226 1227 -1938 1222 :1940 194 6.51 6.44 7.54 9.07 '11:86 12.68 2.47 2.82 3.29 3.95 4.98 4.92 Kind of Coal G;aded Coal 8.03 6.60 Screened Coal 3.20 2.60 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 4p. Name of Ceal Prices of French Indo-China Coal FOB the Sterage Area Kind of Coal Hengay Large ,Medium Lump Small Lump Very Small Lump Short Lump Special Pwdr 0 Powder Fine Powder A Dong Tried West Hongay ding Tambour coal) 4 1940 1941 1st Half. 2nd Half let Half 2nd Half Note ? Fine Powder B - Fins Powder D Special Lump Lump Medium L00 Small Lump, Special Pewder Powder Fine Powder- A,Powder_ B Powder nests to be Added to Base Half of 1941 and 1st Half 17.88 16.00 13.70 12.25 10.62 9.60 9.98 7.08 20.18 18.01 15.57 13.83 12.03 10.88 11.39 7.98 18.11 19.11 16.46 17.86 13.99 15.78 11.11 12.88 8.23 955 5.76 6.25 4.12 4.99 10.47 9.24 22.57 20.14 17.41 An operation if Japan Coal Co. f Price before ) start net olvar. 15.49 ( These prices 1345 u_ ( at 20% discoun ( 12.12 Price at mine 12.71 FOB OFFER Price (20% disoeunt)- not yet set 8.92 Price for 1942 still totally undecided. 22.34 21.10 20.03 16.20 11.88 8.43 5.90 13.48 11.76 . Prices of French Indo-China of 1942 (Sea Freight) Coal in bit Tokyo -Yokohama Ise Bay Osaka-Kobe Hiroshima Port Courbet 16.04 16.04 15.54 15.54 PORTS Hongay - Cagha 14.54 14.54 14.04 14.04 ??????????????????????111???11 (Unit; Yen) Le Dons -15404 15.04 14:54' ' 14.54 it! Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 ???? Port Courbot Campha Doric 5 Hokuriku 15.64 ,144, 15..54 Sakata 15.54 Tokuyama 15.54 14.04 14.54 ? (Toyota) Kyushu 15.54 14.04 14.54 ' Note: costs also port. These costs include the cost of insurance Include a surcharge of 20 sen - 4004. These for unloading at more than one Mine Kind of Coal Import Prices for French Indo-China Coal (Unit: Yen) . Fusaki - Niigata Maezu Kawasaki - Shibaura Osaka-Tokuyama-Miike Yokohama - Nagoya Mikado-Wakayama-Nagasaki 19404 1541=1 941-7 1/)46-2 1941-1-1941-2 1540-2 1941-1 1941-2 Hongay L & Med 36.45 36.45 36.45 33.65 35.95 35.95 34.65 36.95 36.95 Lump Sm1Lump 32.27 34.28 34.28 31.77 33.78 33.78 32.77 34.78 34.78 yySml 29.97 31.84 31.84 29.47 31.34 31.34 30.47 32.34 32.34 Lump Short 28.52 30.00 30.09 28.02 29.59 29.59 29.02 30.59 30.53 Lump Sp Pwdr 26.89 28.30 38.30 26.39 27.80 27.80 27.39 28.80 28.80 C Pwdr 25.87 27.15 27.15 25.37 26.65 26.65 26.37 27.65 27.65 Fine A 26.25 27.66 27.66 26.75 27.16 27.16 26.75 28.16 28.16 Powder Fine B 24.97 26.08 26.08 24.47 25.58 25.58 25.47 26.58 26.58 Powder Fine D 23.35 24.25 24.25 22.85 23.75 23.75 21.85 24.75 24.75 Powder - Deng Sp tump 35.38 35.88 35.88 34.17 35.68 35.68 35.38 36.38 36.38 Trieu , Lump 33.73 34.63 34.63 -32.52 34.43 34.43 33473 35.13 35.13 M Lump 31.26 32.55 32.55 30.05 32.35 32.35 31.26 33.05 33.05 S Lump 28.38 29.65 29.65 -27.17 29.45 29.45 28.38 30.15.30.15 Sp Pwdr 25.50 26.32 36.32 24.29 26.12 26.12 25.50 20482 26.82 Powder 28.03 23.62 23.62 21.82 23.42 23.42 23.03 24.12 24.12 Fine 21.39 21.76 21.76 .20.18 21.56 21.56 21.39 22.26 .22.26 Powder A Pwdr 29.39 31.*.24 29.39 31.24 29.39 31.24 B Pwdr 28.16 29.52 28.16 29.52 28.16 29.52 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Ap roved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 6 On the System for Controlling the Importation of French Indo-Chinese Coal The prices for French Indo-Chinese coal in our industries are fixed as to both quality and quantity for plain coal and oompunded coal. The key note is more and more the priority importance given to productivity increases in French Indo-Chinese coal. In addition, from. 1939 there has-been the matter of exchange controls with the materials mobilization plan having been drawn up. The Fuels Office of the (Japanese) Ministry of Commerce and Industry took the initia- tive with imports ciontrols and caused the "French Indo-China Coal Distribution Control Union" to be formed out of six companies - the five importers who had been importing French Indo-Chinese coal into Tapan plus the importer of French Indo-Chinese coal into Korea, the Min Tek Trade Promotion Association (formerly M.T.M. Joint Trading company, Ltd.). On the basis of the materials mobilization plan the union members enforced adherence-to the set quote of imports for 1939, following the percentages of total imports they had handled in the past. Through the formation of this control union the mass of lesser importers could be blocked from taking advantage of the polioy of moving southward. and from causing useless .0mpetition by enroaching on the rightssef importers who had long since come to monopolize the imports. Since the Mitsui Bussan, as chief director, brought in more than half of the imports, the controls were maintained harmoniously, even with all kinds of agreements extant. As for the arrangements for importing the coal, the Japan Coal Company, ttd., alone did. the importing-as the expediting organ of the union. The members of the French Indo-China Coal Distribution Control Union (the only Japanese importers), following-their-past experience were the ones entrusted with the importation-of French Indo-Chinese coal through the Tapan Coal Company, Ltd. And, they administered the breakdown when the coal arrived in the port offing. The union members Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Ap?roved for Release 2013/07/12 CIA RDP81 ninzvlprin99nni tv-Ir-17 A Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 7 were strengthened in their dealings through their relationship with the japan Coal Company, Ltd. With this purpose, the control functions of the japan Coal Company, Ltd., were very markedly strengthened. Comprehensive Table of Importers of French Indo-China Coal Producer Agent, Importer Address _AlarimetsAroa Tonkin Coal Mitsui Hussey.* K.K. - Hanoi Branch Office ,Capital 1320,000,000 Mitsui Bussan - _iTradizg Co. Sogo Bldg. 2-1 NMromachi Nihon-Bashi japaa,Korea, Manchuria, Formosa Azusa Trading Company Tokyo; 3-1 Kyobashi, Tokyo japan Dong Comptoir des Approx. Iwai Shoten 4-43 Kitahana japan and.. Trieu Coal Charbonnages Indo-Chino is 150,000 pia. K. K. Higadhi Ward Osaka Manchuria Mitsui Bussan (as above) Manchuria LK. Min Tok Trade 4-775 Sendagaya Korea Promotion Co. Shibuya, Tokyo Along et East Asia Coal Approx. Dong pang 1200,000 Coal Neptune (Formerly the Coal Pits Yasuda Yoko) NO East Asia (To-A) 2-12 Marunoudhi Coal Co. K.K. Kojimaohi Ward Tokyo japan Ataka Company 5-14 Imabashi japan Higashi Ward Osaka Agreement of the French Indo-China Coal Distribution Control Union In March, 1939, under sponsorship of the Ministry of Commerce and Industry the French Indo-China Coal Distribution Control Union was formed by those importing French Indo-China coal into japan. Since then, they have carried out their?duties under the following uhion agreement: ARTICLE ARTICLE ARTICLE ARTICLE Chapter 1, General Articles I This union shall be called the French Indo-China Coal Distribution Control Union. II This union is. organized for the purpose of importing and marketting French Indo-China anthracite (hereafter called FIC Coal). III This union shall control imports of FIG coal and has the goal of planning its reasonable distribution. IV This union shall maintain an office in metropolitan Tokyo. Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA RDP81 01(14?1Pnn99nni flrit17 A Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 ??? 8 Chapter 2 Activities ARTICLE.V In order to achieve these goals, this union shall carry on the following activities: 1. Matters relating to the allocation of amounts imported. 2. Matters relating to the allocation of the supply. 3. Matters relating to the regulation of the market price. 4. Matters relating to procedures and negotiations with the government. 5. Natters relating to the increase in profits to union members. 6. Other necessary matters for advancing the aims of this union. ARTICLE VI The matters in the previous Article pertaining to the import supply and market prices shall rely upon the Mini- stry of Commerce and Industry for guidance and shall follow out such guidance. Chapter 3 Union Members ARTICLE VII The following listed members shall be the members of union: Stook Company Iwai Shot en. Ataka Company II Min Tok Trade Promotion Association (M.TAI. Joint Trading Company, Ltd.) It 'East Asia Coal Company (To-A) Mitsui Bussan ARTICLE VIII Entry into, or withdrawal from the union shall require the approval of the council of union members., ARTICLE IX Whenever there is any violation of this union's articles by a union member, the council of union members shall issue a.warning; and if the violation still goes uncor- rected, the council of union members may expel the member. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R00220011nnn7-et Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy A proved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 9 Chapter 4 Officials ARTICLE X There shall be the following offioers in this union: 1 Direoter-in-Chief 1 Director ARTICLE 22 These officers shall be determined through election by the union members. The term of office shall be one year. However, 'their re-election is not prohibited. ARTICLE XII The Director-in-Chief shall represent the union and shall supervise the, affairs of :the union. The director shall assist the director-in-chief and shall be the union's representative in the absence of the director-in-chief. Chppter,5 Council of Union Members ARTICLE 2211 The council of union mmmbers shall be called into session once each month and shall decide upon important matters. However, it shall be possible to postpone the meeting until the next date for the reguPir session when it is necessary for members to be Absent. ARTICLE XIV The decisions of the council of union members shall require unanimous approval of all the union members. However, when a decision is to be rendered in accordance with Article IX, the offending union member shall not be permitted to participate in the decision. Chapter 6 Finances ARTICLE XV Expenditures of this union shall be charged to each union member. ARTICLE XVI Union members shall deposit 1300 to maintain the union's principles. ARTICLE XVII The fiscal year for this union's finances shall begin on April 1 of each year and run through to the last day' of March of the following year. Appended Regulations ARTICLE XVIII Revision of this union's Articles shall require the approval of the council of union members. 72-0 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy A. proved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81 01041Pnn99nnii nnn7 A Declassified in Part- Sanitized Cop Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 10 ARTICLE XIX Minor regulations may be decided upon when necessary to effectuate the functioning of this union. ARTICLE XX The Articles of this union shall be effective from March 1, 1939. Section 6 Briquette Coal and Coke 1. Briquette Coal Almost all of the coal produced in French Indo-China is anthra- cite with no capability of being used for coke, so that the only bitu- minous coal available for the necessary mixing coal in the manufacture of coke and briquette coal is the small amount produced by the Phan-me Coal Mines. Thus, bituminous coal, as well as pitch, has to be supplied from overseas. Although most of the coking quality coal received has been the supply of Miike Mines powder coal from our country, while most of the pitch once came from Odessa in the Soviet Union, since the outbreak of the present disturbances both of these items became difficult to obtain so musk se that in late 1940 the point was reaohed where it was thought that the manufacture of briquette coal would have to be halted. However, at the end of thatbsame year, 14,600 tons of pitch were shipped in; and in JanuarY, 1941, a small amount of bitumindus coal was included in the freight arriving. As a consequence, the authorities gave their most serious attention to the manufacture of briquette coal, ceasing the production of coke from Phan-me coal. By bending every effort, they are barely able to obtain the raw materials for briquette coal. And, when the supply routes of the Japanese Army were interrupted in 1940 with the halting of imports of briquette coal from 'China along . the Yunnan Railway, it was still possible, then, to maintain the levels of supply in Japan. IND Declassified in Part- Sanitized Cop Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81-01043Rnn72nni nnn; A Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 11 As for the import of pitch, although it had beam' possible to procure American pitch - high prided-as it was - with the outbreak of the Greater East Asia War this was stopped. Hereafter, we must await results of studies on the use of Pacific Petroleum pitch. The Status of Procurement of Pitch and Bituminous Coal for Use in Briquette Coal Manufacture The Status of the Tonkin Coal Mining Company's Use and Procuranent of Coal for the Hongay Factories (1940) Unit: tons Source of Coking Stock Coal Procured 2g.i.150,2 at nAmount of _LapEpr_t Amount Used Stock at end 1940 Using Phan-no coke 0 1481 1481 0 Using Phan-me brig. 0 1473 1236 237 Milks 650 11,653 12,303 0 Palatbang 1046 3520 4566 0 Victoria 2136 o 2136 0 -pa-tias (rhonetto) 2311 0 2311 0 London 19-39 0 199 0 TOTALS , 8082,. 18,127 25,972 237 _Imported Coal 8082 15,173 23,255 0 Status of Import and Use of Pitch Source of Pitch Procured Stock it end 1939 Amount Imported Amount Used Stock at end 1940 Odessa, USSR 3941 0- 3941 0 Shang4ai . 0 378 378 0 Great Britain 0 14,605 ' 4879 9726 Saipan 0 301 501, 0 TOTALS 3941 15,484 9699 9726 The stock at the ,end of 1940, i.e. 9,727 tons, just barely provided for a year's needs. Men, t#e-pirvey was made of the soal banks in the Hongay factories in January, 1942, it was found that there were no more than 200 tons in stock. Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81 01041Rnn99nnii nnn7 A Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 12 The processing of briquette coal in French Indo-China is handled only in the Tinkin Coal rnining Company's Hongay factories and in the Dong trieu Coal Mining Company's factories. But, the latter only processed enough for its own consumption in both 1938 and 1939. In the Hongay factories of the Tonkin Coal Mining Company there are three Bietrix-type and two Middleton-type steam-powered briquette manufac- turing machines with a total productive capacity of 500 tons per day. The following is a comparison of warship- and steamship-grade briquette coal in French Indo-China with Hongay briquette coal. (Anal- ysis in Japan by Japan Coal Company, Ltd.) Water Content Volatile Elements Ash Content Solid Carbon Sulfur Caloric Value Warship use 17 - 19% 6 -7% 74-77% 0.75% 8100 Steamship use 16 - 18 7 - 8 74-77 1.00 7700-7800 Hongay briquette 2.31% 17.93 7.57 72.19 0.84 7759 Status of Production and Supply of Briquette Coal (Unit: 1000 tons) 1939 190, 183.7 140.1 1.7 0 185.4 140.1 Producing Mongol-Coal - Factory (Danz -Tritsu aoal. 1935 1936 197 1938 71.0 104.5 132.0 126.0 (Doug -Trieu Coal 0 0 0 (Sub-total) 71.0 104.5 132.0 131.5 Previous year's 18.2 11.2 ,12.7 39.7 Stock TOTAL 89.2 115.7 144.7 151.2 Domestio Consump- tion and exports 70.0 103.0 105.0 131.0 Previous year's 11.2 12.7 39.7 -40.2 Stock (sic) 42,2 19.9 225.6 160.0 205.7 133.6 19.9 26.4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDPR1-niniaqPnrr)Orlf14 4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Ap roved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 - Coal Mins Consumption Distribution.of Briquette Coal (Hongay Mines Doug Trieu Mines (Sub-total) _ French Indo-China(Tonkin Dom. Consumption ( (Annam (Coohin China (Sub-Total) (French colonies (China (Thailand (Philippines ...1604ers Exports (Sub-total) GRAND TOTAL 1939 18,782 1046 13 (Unit: tons) 12.42 13,153 Note: Briquette pro- duoed by S.C.D.T. in 1939 was used up at the minesite. 20,528 13,153 68,502 33,950 18,965 23,712 44,416 131,883 93,103 21,250 4,600 16,153 3,143 2,363 0 5,981 12,369 7,509 7,259 53,256 27,371 205,667 133,627 There are four kinds of French Indo-China briquette coal: "Naval briquettes", "marine- briquettes", "bituminous eggs" and "anthracite eggs". The first of these so-called briquettes furnishes most of the power source for the Far Eastern Fleet, ordinary shipping and railways. Bitum- inous eggs, which measure 27cm x 17om x 9 ern and weigh about 6 kilograms, have the same composition and are used for the same Purposes as marine briquettes. Anthracite eggs are chiefly used for domegtio fuel. 2. Coke Atter 1933 coke was chiefly manufactured at the Phan-mo coal mines; but since, 1938, the coke-producing industry at the ,Tonkin Coal Mining CompanyteHongay factories has. been revived.and,with,its nine Copps- type- furnaces, is going ahead with production of.00ke for use cht4f1y in making castings.. This is,,our analysis of its composition: Hongay coke Water Ash Volatile Elements 1.70 13.58- 3.10 Solid Carbon 81.59 Calorie Value 6,784. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Ap?roved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA RDP81 ni nLylpnnoonni tv-Ir-17 A Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 14 Most recently, with the difficulty in importing bituminous coal which is used in mixed coal and with major attention being given to the production of briquette coal, the production of coke has come to be extremely limited. The present situation in coke production is shown below: (Unit: tons) 1221 196 1937 1222 1222 12.4a Hoy Coal Mines 0 0 0 3451 4022 2603 Phan-mo Coal Mines 260 _122 128 '.....1.2. TOTAL 260 109 128 3503 Mine Consumption & 1000 1000 1556 2848 Amount marketted (S. F. C. T. Breakdown ( Stock December 31 0 0 4022 2603 2850 4596 2207 4101 (Imports 643 495 2209 3843 2341 Coke Distribution Situation (Unit: tons) 1222 ,12.42 Mine Consumption 173 170 iTonkin 841) ) 1338/ Domestic (Annam 1241 1270 141i 2114 Market T (Cochin 305i 635) , .z COke Imports .?.112 ..422. 1 TOTAL DOMESTIC CONSUMPTION 2086 . 2779 Exports fTrenh Colonies ( (Hong 'Kong (Shanghai (Thailand (Manila 30)- 01 561i 173) o) 764 ) ) o) ) 919 0) ) 4241 026) 1817 (sic) GRAND TOTAL-OF COKE DISTRIBUTION 2850 4596 Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01n4f1Rnn99nn1 int-v-17 A Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 15 Section 7 Labor Conditions 1. Summary The area of French Indo-China is about 740,000 square kilometers - about 1.1 times the size of Japan.* The populationiis about 2,300,000, and is mainly concentrated in the lowlands along the rivers and the seacelast;and especially in the lower reaches of the Red River of Tonkin - the so-called Tonkin Delta - the population is overhwelmingly dense. This phenomenon is explained by the fact that since olden times French Indo-China has been an agreioultural country (90 to 95% of the population being occupied in agreculture). These people have been making land and waiter the base for their way of life and managing an agiroultural system organized on the basis of the tradition offamily cultivation of the land. Thus, even when the population density is more than 430 per square kilo- meter as in the Red River's lower reaches in the Tonkin Delta, they stick with their tiny plots of land and are contented to go on conducting their land cultivation under a feudal type of system, maintaining an agricpl- ture of a low-grade technology. These super-abundant law-class peasants form the labor supply for the modern enterprises: the coal-mining industry and other activities. The number of laborers in the mining industry luring the last ten years was as follows: 2221 2223 1933 .1934, 1221 Ap22? 1937 1938 1222 1940 Race Europeans 00 Asians 30,000 (-Portion in coal Adadoogt ? ? I 250 220 2000 201 212 271 265 239 200 33,500 35,400 34,800 39,000 43,850 49,200 52,600 55,000 52,200 - 29,780 30,000 34,000 37,205 40,580 44,228 43,002 39,444 Note: The Asians shown are the average stationary labor supply. -Among the coal-mine. workers, the, p4ainemily,laborers constitute 60%. If the -number.of ptrhinstayand temporary workers are added together, they number 90,000. Now, if we distinguish among the Asian laborers their state and province in the year 1939: \ ay.114 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R00220011 nnn7-et Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 16 Place of Origin Actual Number Percentage Tonkin 48,575 88.7% Annam 3,015 5.4 Laos 2,110 3.5 Cambodia 1,300, -.2.1.4 TOTAL 55,000 100.0 Looking at the above table, we see that the Tonkin area is the source of close to 90% of the labor supply. The various coal pines neighboring on the Tonkin Delta use all sorts of cajolery on the destitute, crowded people to get them into modern capitalistic production. This illustrates how they bend every effort to absorb labor power, even more than one would assume. Mining work, and especially digging underground resources is held in dread by these people, who have fallen into a slack way of living. The requirements for great masses of labor for the plantations and industries suddenly developigg of late, as well as the requirements far men for military duty in the war and in the conStructionsof rail- ways for military use are the biggest reasons for the labor crisis. As a remedy for this, French Indo-Chinese authorities have instituted since the last half of 1939 various measures such as 1) the simplification of mediation prodedures for labor difficulties in mining operations (Decree of the Government General on August 3, 1939), 2) a special enactment for youths of 15 to 18 years of age working under- ground (Decree of the Government General on September 11, 1939), 3) the revision of wartimeworking hours in various enterprises (Decrees of the Government General on September 3 and 20, 1939), and other decrees for raising general minimum wages and for arbitrating cases where labor rest periods have been refused or overtime, demanded. - all social policies for protecting native labor were however avoided, in line wthh the traditLons of French colinial policies, Nihidh strengthen the French intrepreneurs at the expense of the native inhabitants. 2. European Employees Many of the European employees are of southern French extraction and have the advantage of a thorough French education. They are able Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R00270011nnn7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 17 to handle skillfully the foremen who understand blench. Although they have had to take charge of from 100 to 200 lOorers each, with the effects of the 2nd World War becoming felt after 1938, the numbers of employees gradually decreased; and the reaction on the employees in French Indo-China was even greater than on employees in France Proper. We must consider the main reasons for this as 1) French Indo-China, as a developing colony, is not run for the welfare of the colonial peoples; and the development of all kinds of activities is influenced by the various effects of the war, with a major effect on the French mother-land, 2) The salaries of the Europeans are quite large, so that even in peacetime that staff is strictly held to the smallest limits, 3) In consideration of such things as climate and weather in French Indo-China, the number of adults in general is high, and not many of than can avoid military duty. Thus, the decrease in European employees gives birth to laxity through insufficient supervisory guidance being provided for employees. One effect is to induce a trend toward an increase in accidents as shown in a separate classed table of statistics of mining accidents. Oige? Lrot:441 text - TRANSLATOR). 3. Asians As stated above, it is natural that the Coal mines in the Tonkin and Annam delta areas - i.e., the overpopulated regions - should draw uptin the reservoir of labor power from among the super-numerous peasants; but, nevertheless we wish to mertion briefly haw it happens that so many of these are Annamese. The Annamese population is about 73% of the total population, or about 1,704000, and-lives on the flatlands of Tonkin, Amara and Cochin China. For the most part, they subsist on. agriculture. Andt'a,greater part of them remain unschooled and inskilled, keeping a strong,attach- ment for their small plots of land and following a simple peasant life. Thus, the.. places where the Annamese live can invariably be described as' Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA RDP81 01n4:1Rnn99nn 11(V.(-7 A Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 1.8 rice paddy land. Their physique is generally poor, an4 as manual laborers they have the failing of lacking endurance. They manifest strong love of their native villages and hold to their place of birth as the land inherited from their ancestors, contenting themselves with a poor peasant existence and thus with existing on coarse foods. So, they show physical dgeneration resulting from locally endemic diseases which are caused by a lack of a sense of hygiene and chronic dietary deficiencies. Yet, judging from the improvement in the physical quali- ties of Annamese soldiers and prisoners in French IndeOhina, one could assume it to be possible to, bait the lowering of their physical strength if they would eat properly and follow a regimen of physical calisthenics. Thus, as characteristic of natives of the tropics, they find that the Surrounding environment provided by nature does not make it difficult to obtain clothing, food and shelter, the things needed for carrying on everyday living can easily be acquired. So, they have an aversion for laboring, they love gambling and lack perseverence in their work. The publication Asie Francalse Decenbre 1908 says: "Annamese laborers are accustomed to a small diet, but on the other hand they are capricious about their work because the wages earhed in the coal mines are comparatively high. By working one week they can earn enough to live on for two weeks. So, the coal-mine operators must have access to twice as many laborers as are needed to actually do the work." Thus, the Annamese, under extreme pressure to leave their villages, are drawn into the wage-labor system of,the mines by guileful words which take advantage of their poverty-stricken way of living. Yet when the _period of the contnact us up, they leave their work and go back to the village. For this reason, to this day tye remain unemancipated, and the social system holding strong sway here keeps the peasants of the Tonkin Delta forever tied to the land of their ancestors, graves and prevents their developing into a. modern labor force. As one example of this , the presenteincrease in the number of laborers in small-scale mining may be compared with the decrease in the number of laborers in the big companies. Still, while it is comparatively easy to find several hundred temporary laborers, it is extremely difficult to get them te Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81-01041Ron79nn1 nnn7 A Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 transfer to the, region of the bit mines. In the words of the manager of the Dong Trieu Coal Mines: "Most coal-nine operators, employment of large numbers of low-wage laborers so as to get large profits for the enter- prise may be general common sense; but at present for these mines to get coolies it is necessary to aim at twice the needed number of individuals. And, the time and troubel and expense required for this - the re-training of the hired coolies, the fall in labor productivity and high wage oosts through turn- over - are all great obstacles to such enterprises." Also, the coal mines of French Indo-China supplement their labor force by working without holidays. Number of Laborers in Coal Mines During the Past Three Years (1) Anthracite S.E.C.T. 1938 1939. 1940 31,254 29,315 28,053 S.C.D.T. 9,213 9,750 6,969 Along et 550 750 900 Dong Deng Tabbobrgxm 539 515 716 Neptine 353 353 319 Chacha 394 400 311 Ca-Keith 241 74 53 Bicho 197 132 204 Printemp 310 160 145 Esperance 50 30 40 Emile 10 60 10 Marcella 18 15 0 Van-nho - 14 42 Paul . 0 103 Thi-Hue - 0 50 Song Au Dzuong - 0 19 Thaieloc - 0 13 TOTAL des Bassin 43,134 41,568 37,947 Auang-yen Phu-Lang-Thuiling Bo-Ha 37 185 150 Uoe-Le . 0 10 Phuto Richesse 20 77 67 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 20 Dong Viet 47 0 (Sub-Total) 104 .0 262 242 TOTAL.- ANTURACITE 43,238 (2) Bituminous Phan-me 600 Tuyen-quang 390 Loa-Binh . 24 10 Yen Bay - 0 15 TOTAL - BITUMINOUS 990 1,157- 1,255 41,930 38,189 652 766 481 444 (3) Semi-bituminous Nongson . 7 7 Surprise (Hoa-Binh) - 8 20 TOTAL - SEMI-BITUMINOUS - 15 27 GRAND TOM - ALL COAL 44,228 43,002 39:444 4. Labor Efficiency and Accidents It was noted above that because of the disadvantages of Annamese labor conditions, because of the passivity of the French Indo-China coal-mine operators with respect to developmental technology through the interaction of their viewpoint on profits and their rela- tionships with industries in the French homeland, and despite the previously followed practice of digging good-qtality, thick-seam coal around the outeroppings, the extraction efficiency is low aspeompared with that of the world's other coal-producing nations. Thus, even the trend toward reforms will probably not accomplish much. Table of Coal Extraction by Mining Nations During. the Past Ten Years (Per person Rer year; Unit - tone) 1221 1932 1933 1934 1935,122? 1937, 12,2, 1939: 2142 53 61 63 185 174 172 - - French Indo-China .56 53 54 53 52 59 58 Japan 181 203 227 213 216 211 203 Germany (Ruhr) 363 386 398 433 448 478 476 France 184 185 198 210 215 211 198 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 ????? ????? 21 As shown above, extraction by the Indo-Chinese miner is one- third as efficient as that of the Zarenese miner and one-seventh as efficient as that of the German miner. The efficiency increase in the last three years is actually not due to an improvement in labor efficiency, but was stimulated by the sudden rise in coal prices. The bolstering of output through incentive wages paid to the laborers, plus the halting of extraction from. the pi.-Os in favor of the better condi- tions of open-air digging, using women and children labprers as the decrease in labor supply developed, led to the planned increase in coal extraction. This was the origin of the strengthening of labor supply through coercion and was the immediate cause of the depletion of the labor supply. The continuing insufficiency of the numbers of miners finally led in 1940 to a decrease in the amount produced. Thus, the past policy of using low-wage native labor for the French Indo-China mines has permitted no efficiency increase through instituting modern exiatactive methods or the equipping of the mines with modern machinery. Added to this,- thedecrease in the number of European supervisors because of the drafting of Frenchmen as a facet of the outbreak of the Second general European xar gave rise to tech- nological defects in all areas. Together with the inadequaoies of the Government-General, these factors have brewed up the tendency for an increase in mining accidents. French ndo-Chinese coal nines engage in no deep mining whatso- ever of the type seen in our country. Instead, since the open-air method of extraction is engaged in, there is-no danger of methane gas, and there are accidents no more serious than the minor explosions seen in the small bituminous and semi-bituminous mines: And, even these have amounted to just four accidents in the past five years, with six victims killed and four seriously wounded. Rather than calling them explosion accidents, they should be called gas-ignition accidents. Other kinds of important accidents which can be mentioned,in addition are mining car accidents and those ?allied by rock slides and avalanches following after torrential rains and floods. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 ? CIA-RDP81-01043R0077n1innn7 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 22 The numbers of persons killed and persons injured per million tons of coal extracted are respectively 35.2 and 66.4. The numbers per thousand miners are 2.26 killed and 4.26 injured. In comparison with the rate in our country, the ratio of persons killed to the amount of coal extracted is greater, While the ratioAof persona killed to the overall number of miners is less. It is felt that the smiller number of victims means that efficiency in coal extraction is poor, but the conditions of open-air digging are favorable. Yet, in the future, as the French Indo-Chinese opal fields are led into the development of deeper 'mining, they maibe unable to avoid a lowering of efficiency under the present technology. Efficiency of Coal Extraction by Major MiallE (Per person per year - in tons) 1938 1V2 s.F.c.T. 52.6 60.9 61.0 S.C.D.T. 49.7 57.7 69.5 Along et Dong Dang 99.3 85.4 77.1 Tambour 63.3 51.3 73.4 Neptune 52.7 98.1 81.3 Chacha Co-Kenh 'Bi-cho Phan-ms Tuyen-quang TOTAL (Average? - Trans.) 123.9 1 130.5 46.0 173.8 86.3 17.7 44.3 41.8 52.8 51.5 51.7 59.0 41.9 34.5 52.760.8 63.4 (Two tables of Accidents on following attached pages) 5. Wages The sudden rise in the laborers' cost.of living because of the precipitous jump in the prices of goods 'after the recent Great European War had heightened social disruption and led to the outbreak of labor struggles for wage increases. As a result, there was a10% increases Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 - Statistics of Mining Accidents ,Per '1000Tersonsland Per 1,000,000 Tons 22a In NO. of Accidents In Pit Dead Total Injured Total NO. Per Million -Tons Per Thousand Persons Pit Outside Total Outside In Pit Outside NUmblit 15$/ 100 49 149 44 17 61 67 34 10k 64.78 26.52 43.91 '3.63 1.49 2.46 ? 1133 166 43 209 64 , 11 75 123 39 162 90.87 32.61 70.43 4.75 1.71 3.68 206 52 258 48 10 58 167 44 211 99.23 22.31 S1.23 6.06 1.35 4.91 1140 154 41 195 78 10 88 135 31 166 78.00 35.20 66.40 4.87 2.26 4.26 Cause Falls 18. Falling 23 Rook etc. Vine cars 25 Pit slide 2 Suffocation 1 Gas explosn 1 Electrocutn 2 Aerial cable 2 Railway Explosives 6 Cave-in 5 No. of Accidents In Pit Shaft 4 Others 11 TOTALS 100 Table of Accidents - 1937 In Pit Oufside Votal mo--m71116wa 2 20 1 24 7 32 2 1 1 2 4 2 13 13 6 3 a 21 32. 49 149 Outside Pit Totals Mead Inlysed Dead Inlured Taal 13.4 16.1 21.5 1.3 0.7 0.7 2.6 1.3 8.8 4.2 5.8 2.6 21.5 100.0 16 5 5 1 1 3 2 4111. 11.11D 3 2 1 5 44 3 18 20 1 ???? 2 7 3 4. 9 67 1 2 OEM 2 4 MEP 8 17 1 1 6 10 3 13 34 17 5 7 1 3 4 4 3 2 1 13 61 4 19 26 1 2 10 7 6 4 22 101 17 21 13.0 24 14.8 33 20.3 2 1.2 0.6 3 1.9 4 2.5 2 1.2 14 8.7 10 6.2 a 4.9 5 3.1 35 21.6 162 100.0 23 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Cause Falls Falling Rock,etc. Mine cars Pit slide Suffocation Gas explosion Electrocution Aerial Cable Railway Explosives Cave-in Shaft Others TOTALS Cause Falls Falling rock,etc. Mine Cars Pit Slide Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Number of Accidents In Pit Outside . Total Table of Accidents - 1938 2 22 _ 34 - 53 17 .22 34 ' 70 10.5 16.3 33.5 8 - 8 3.8 4 _ 4 1.9 3 - 3 1.4 1 - 1 0.5 - - OM ???? - 3 3 1.4 8 - 8 3.8 10 1 11 5.3 2 - 2 1.0 21 22 43 20.6 166 43 209 100.0 In Pit Dead Injured 32 5 4 29 11 42 OOP 32 5 37 - - 4 29 33 5 13 16 55 71 - - I a 9 q 8 5 3 4 1 1=11 11?10 gas 3 6 2 8 1 1 1 20 64 123 Table of Accidents Outside Pit _ read Intured .Totals Dead lin ured Total .22b OOP 32 5 37 - - 4 29 33 5 13 16 55 71 - - I a 9 8 - 8 3.8 10 1 11 5.3 2 - 2 1.0 21 22 43 20.6 166 43 209 100.0 1939 Number of Accidents In Pit In Pit Outside Totil A read -Injured 19 - 8 49 4 66 7 7 16 - 16 6.2 55 - 55 21.3 69 16 85 33.0 13 - 13 5.0 32 5 4 29 11 42 Outside Pit Dead; nJiiret 3 13 Dead Tor_pivotal . 2 19 19 7.1 8 49 57 21.2 7 79 86 32.0 14 5.2 16 - 16 6.2 55 - 55 21.3 69 16 85 33.0 13 - 13 5.0 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 , , t 226 , Number of Accidents Y In Pit Outside Pit Totals Cause TE711-7iifillerr-SEE--"E Tread Injured fteacilniured read'1n uned Tatar A Suffocation - - - - - - - - - - - - Gas Explosion - - - . - - - - - - - - Electrocution - - - - . - - - - - - - Aerial cable - - - - - - ., - Railway 2 6 8 311 - 2 2 4 Explosives 8 .1 9 3.5 2 7 - 1 Cave-in 21 5 26 10.1 3 19 - 5 Others -22 24 46 17.8 5 17 5 21 TOTALS 206 52 258 100.0 48 167 10 44 Table of Accidents - 1910 Cause Falls 19 - 19 9.8 15 9 - - Falling rocksetc. 28 2 )D 15.4 6 22 - 2 Mine cars 58. 9 67 34.3 1 57 1 8 Pit slide 11 - , 11 5.6 1 11 - - - - - 2 6 8 2 a lo 3 24 27 10 38 48 58 211 269 15 9 24 6 24 30 2 65 67 1 11 12 - 3.0 3.7 10.0 17.8 100.0 11.8 14.7 32.8 5.9 Suffocation 1 - 1 0.5 2 - - 2 a R 2 1.0 Gas. explosion - - - - - - - _ - _ MP 4M. Electrocution - 2 2 1.0 - - 2 - 2 - 2 1.0 Aerial cable - - - - - . - - - - - - Railway - 3 3 1.5 . - 3 - 3 _ 3 1.5 Explosives 5 -2 7 3.6 1 6 - 2 1 8 9 4.4 Cave-in 11 8 19 9.8 - 11 2 6 2 17 19 9.3 Others 21 15 36 18.5 2 19 2 13 4 32 36 17.6 TOTALS 154 41 195 100.0 38 135 10 31 35 166 204 100.0 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Cause Falls Falling rock,etc. Mine oars Pit slide Suffocation Gas Explosion Electrocution Aerial cable Railway Explosives Cave-in Others TOTALS Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 11 1 11 1 Number of Accidents riar-rirrd?liserarit?E-- 19 1 20 10.9 40 1 41 22.4 41 3 44 24.0 6 - 6 3.3 2 - 2 1.1 - _ Table of Accidents - 12441 Pit 1 Totals 224 In Pit Outside Dead Inpred Dead Injured Dead nfura Tail 15.2 20.8 22.4 3.1 3.1 25 9 3 1 2 ??? 4 31 38 5 4 - - - - - el? 1 1 3 - - 25 9 3 1 2 NIP , 5 32 41 5 4 IRO 30 41 44 6 6 1 - 1 0.6 1 - - - 1 - 1 0.5 1 - 1 0.6 - 1 - - - 1 1 0.5 - 5 5 2.7 - - 4 1 4 1 5 2.5 3 - 3 1.6 - 3 - - - 3 3 1.5 23 4 27 14.8 22 21 1 3 3 24 27 13.7 18 15 . 33 18.0 1 17 2 13 3 30 33 16.8 154 29 183 100.0 44 124 7 22 51 146 197 100.0 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 23 Su wages by decree of the Govmmmant-General in July, 1935. This took the fm ofan increase in the basic wage, seasonal and production- incentive wages, plus a lowering of the price, of rationed rice. But, this wage increase had very disastrous effects, stepping up the idleness of the laborers and decreasing their extraotive efficiency. Judging from this, it would seam that the Annampse want to get the lowest possible cost of living from the very minimum amount of labor; and they have no sense of working for savings. In the Dong Trieu mines, they ttied in vain to avoid the foolistness of paying high wages, supplying the laborers with nutritious dietary goods instead so as to make the laborers feel attracted. toward putting more energy into their work at the mines. Thus, they were concerned with the maintenance of labor power throug4 a policy of giving what was nevertheless essentially a high wage. Consequently, in terms of the basic value of wages, the wages paid by the big mines was high as oompared with others. And, the weep of the coal miners of the Tonkin Delta region was 20 - 30% more than that of the farther mines or even of mines in nearby regions. Table of Average Wages by Occupation in Jan.-Feb., 1942 (Unit: piasters) Coal Support Transport Coal Miscellaneous IliratmEmplr%mal Workers Sorters EOployees Tonkin Coal Mines 0.5 0.5 0.35 0175. 0.35 Bong Trieu -Coal 0.6 0.58 0.35 0.45 0.35 Mining Company Tuyen-quang Coal 0.65 0.65 0.55 0.50 0.35 Mining Company The wage for women and,obildren is generally 5 - 10% lower than the general wage. Of course, French employees receive wages at a far higher rate than do these Annamese. 6. Welfare Facilities The three great mottoes under Which France was established - Liberty., Fraternity and Equality - express a humanism Which applies only amonis the French people. In French Indo-China this phase of Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 24 social living is discarded: a superiority complex discriminating between victor and vanquisiaed and superior race from inferior race is reflected in all sorts of policies. With all their concern for the profit-making monopolies of the French motherland, the French extend none to the unenlightened and impoverished natives. Thus, whereas in the case of the two biggest coal mining companies in French Indo-China there are arrangements for housing, normal educational schools, reli- gious meeting places, playgrounds and water suppXy and sewage, far more are provided for the use of the French dependents. Among the small coal mining companies, grass huts are provided , and there are not even any sanitary facilities. In the past, the spirit under which social facilities were established in conjundtion with French Indo- Chinese coal mines was not one demonstrating positive policies for protecting labor. But, in most recent times, policies for relieving the suffering of the laborers are being followed; the operators are making efforts to increase the provisions for more facilities. New social facilities recorded for 1939 were as follows: 1. Tonkin Coal Mining Company Construction of 291 laborers, houses and 11 residence halls for native employees, construction of one school and the two- ward Georges Pircaux (?) Hospital, and the construction of drinking-water systems for the villages. 2. Dong Trieu Coal lining Company Continuation of plans for construction of laborers' houses begun in 1938, including kitchens and lavatory facilities, and 14 two- family dwelling units; construction of 2979-square-metershall for use of merchants in Clotilde village. 3. Tuyen-quangeCoall Mining Company. Straw-thatch .houses are being built for laborers desiring housing, and twenty houses are being constructed with electric lighting and running water. In recognition of the recent low rate at which workers' needs, were met, the. company is taking up the .education of the Annamase natives. The worL is going on extremely slowly; but they are trying to refbrm the natives' Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 25 idle habits and are. moving ahead with their pans step by step. Thus, there are such welfare-or:go:pis for the workers as the workers' super- visory school of. the Tonkin Coal Mining Company and the Dong Trieu Coal Mining Company's training school for miners - both of thich are under the practical guidance and control of Europeans, so that they are now seeking to the workers. But, such plans are not yet at the stage of full realization. Ic Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/12 : CIA-RDP81-01043R002200110007-4 continuation _1 Excerpts from:Mineral Resources; Reports of the French Indo-China Survey Group, Part 1, Volume 1. Chapter 2 Anthracite Mining Companies Section 1 Tonkin Coal Mining Company (Societi, Francaise des Char- bonnages du Tonkin) (Note: The Tonkin Coal Mining Company's affiliate, the Mao Cay Coal Mine, is discussed in Section 4.) 1. History In 1865 digging was begin on exposed coal outoroppings near the present HatOu pit by the Chinese. And, by means of the 1886 Tientsin Treaty French Indo-China became a protectorate of France. Prior to this, in 1884, the EnohshSaladinisurVeyo?innendeinv111851tha:Sarran surveyors, had conducted surveys of the said coal mines. Also in 1884, the Frenchman Bavier Chauftan received title to the Along Bay coal-fields area from the Annamese government in consideration for 100,000 piasters. Finally, in August, 1887, the Government General of Tonkin requested the establishment of a coal-mining company. And, under the articles of a special agreement the Hongay Coal Mining Company was established with a capitalization of 4,000,000 francs. The early period of the zompany, since it was a period of opening up the coal mines, saw but a small amount of coal extracted and sent to very limited markets. As a result, unstable conditions continued for 801118 time. But, in 1928 the capitalization was increased by 400,000 francs. And, in July, 1933, the Societe des Anthracites du Tonkin (working the mining area of Mao Oily) merger with the Societe du Domain de Kebao (working the mining area of Kebao) was realized, with an increased capital of 39,925,000 francs. Thus, the company's enterprises graudally came into bbtter times. After 1,30, even in times of unsettled world conditions, the rate of business return was maintained. In 1930, for example, it was 30%; in 1937, 46.8% and in 1938, 65.5%. However, in 1941 with the outbreak of >