RUMANIAN PUBLICATIONS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 20
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 15, 2013
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: May 27, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION- REPORT
This Document contains information affecting the Na-
tional Defense of the United States, within the mean-
ing of Title 18, Sections 793 and 794, of the U.S. Code, as
amended. Its transmission or revelation of its contents
to or receipt by an unauthorized person is prohibited
by law. The reproduction of this form is prohibited.
C-0-N-F-I-D-Fr-N-T-I-A-L
50X1 -HUM
COUNTRY Rumania
SUBJECT Rumanian Publication
, DATE OF INFO.
PLACE ACQUIRED
REPORT
DATE DISTR.
NO. OF PAGES
27 May 1958
50X1 -HUM
THE SOURCE EVALUATIONS IN THIS REPORT ARE DEFINITIVE.
THE APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
50X1 -HUM
1. Forwarded herewith for your information and retention is a Rumanian publi-
cation entitled Economic News.
2. Vhen detached from the covering memorandum the publication is unclassified..
Distribution of attachment:
ORR: Retention
0-0-N-F-I-D-E-N7T-I-A-L
50X1 -HUM
STATE
ARMY
NAVY
AIR
FBI
AEC
50X1 -HUM .
(Note; Washington Distribution indicated By "X"; Field Distribution By "#".)
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?
;VIII:: several hundred tractors we have retch'-
," ed from the Rumanian People's nepublic
are suitable forsurface work C./14 especially
for trading various agricultural machines... Those
who use the tractors KD-35 certify that they are
suitable for every use,? this is what the shloto-
toy* Import Company of Prague writes. voicing the
opinion of the machine and tractor section of the
Czech Ministry of Agriculture. Nor is the impression
expressed by the D.I.A. (?Deutscher Innen- und Aus-
iennandel Maschinenimoortn) about Rumanian
:ractors KD-35 less favourable. .All those to whom
tractors K L)-35 have been supplied certify that
they are suitable for every use and that no flaw
has been noted so far., they write to the ? In-
dustrialexport* Company for Foreign Trade.
Rumanian tractors of the KD-35, KDP-35 and
0105-2 types have been and will be exported to
many countries with which trade agreements and
conventions have been concluded.
QUALITY OF RUMANIAN METAL GOODS
In the past Rumania imported 99 per cent of the
iodustrial machines and equipment she required.
Today, however, thanks to successful industrializa-
tion, our country exports complete industrial outfits.
various machine-tools, oil-field equipment, electric
motors. Diesel engines. etc., etc In the first half of
1955. the Rumanian People's Republic exported in-
dustrial machines and equipment to the value of
over 8.5 million dollars.We will quote here the ?pin-
ti
ions g Engineer Robert L. Ferguson. who saw some
-
0IAN' ? 5,
.. '-?st'fAt
ska.01-1
-
ikkt\
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., no7 57$et.4
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Timber bought in the Rumanian People's Republio is being unloaded in the port of Buenos Aires
of the achievements of our industry on the occasion
of his visit to Rumania. gl v?-as deeply impressed by
the splendid progress achieved by the Rumanian
People's Republic in Its endeavours to build up a
better life. Especially the assortment, quantity and
quality of the metal goo:cis have quite amazed me in
my capacity as engineer ?
While supplying industrial machines and equip-
ment our country also offers the possibility of
their being assembled and put into operation by Ru-
manian technical personnel. The Rumanian People's
Republic has supplied the Chinese People's Republic
with a number of derricks, also sending the neces-
Nary experts to assemble them And'fo train the Chin-
ese technical personnel Thislis what the Chinese
newspaper ejenminjibao? writeslsoncerning the tech-
nical aid received from the Rumanian People's Repub.
lic? ? The Chinese tehnichans have become aquatn-
ted with and now benefit the most up-to-date
methods of assembly of derricks and Diesel en-
gines This resulting in thorough, accurate and
highly efficient work which is essential in rapid
drilling The Rumanian team are carrying out
their tasks very conscientiously.*
INCREASING DIVERSITY OF PRODUCTS
The characteristic feature of oRr foreign trade in
post-war years. as compared with pre.war, is its e rer
wider scope and its increasing diversity. In 1955
Rumania traded with 62 countries with 27 of which
she had coniided trade and payments agreements
and.p.r.R.to,colsi-At the beginning of 1956 the number
6,0 ents already amounted to 31 In 1954
, a:0040re' ign trade w a22..2 per cent above
lp3808plitikratilg prices, wiile in the first half of
f
our foreign trade was 37.3 per
??,cent; icealsr.th'in4kthe corresponding period of the
: .1e.C-e.cling-7,yea0:Greit progress has also been achiev-
il).0U1:1trY!F.Y9t.,
?t% V3CirtrS'
? wittb .
the Western countries. In the
ade exchanges in this sphere
?exc nt these of the first half of
19544frein(1951.:iljty were 2.5 times above 1950.
-
iselkaldiesn possible on the one hand
1111y Rursues a policy of
re(ratiknLy1TWIftyiiivtries. a policy
terliaton,afofritfo and. on the
1?'
s agricultural
ducts of better
etters received
because.our
exte
cif,pe
Other; cc
-prod on p, s
i015;i7 In
'
from foreign concerns with which we trade testify
to it.
The sTantexii company of Istambul have written
as follows to the Rumanian ? Chinlimport? company:
'Carbon-Black R. 300, although not granulated,
is highly appreciated by technicians for its quality,
as it does not raise dust during the incorpora-
tion process. It may consequently be compared
with the American granulated carbon black ?
Small wonder that Rumanian carbon black should
be ever more sought after, considering that it elicits
testimonies such as that of the *Rubber Research and
Control Laboratory. of Paris erhe Carbomet Ill
and Carbomet S, as also the Metanex carbon
black are generally sim?liar to the American
brand, with which they compare favourably, and
in certain cases even superior as regards ruptur-
ing strengths, hardness, module and abrasion.*
CUSTOMERS EXPRESS SATISFACTION
A much sought after Rumanian product which
brings ever more large tonnage vessels to Constantza
is Portland cement. 4Indonesian customers are well
pleased with the quality of your cement as it is of
high quality and well packed,* Messrs. iN, V. Per-
seroan Dagang Floras* of Djakarta have written to
the 41lomanoexport ? company. And another company.
the ?Serti* of Geneva, writes as follows about a
supply of Rumanian cement to Kuwait: ?We are
pleased to taiorm you that the cement cargo on
board the Theoloros has safely arrived and that
our customers have been highly satisfied with
this consignment.* The excellent quality of Ru
ian cement has brought about an increase i
country's exports of cement.
Rumanian timber likewise elicits a fav
appraisal The Italian CILSA company of Nap
to the ?Exportlemn? of Bucharest. ?We
pleased with the conditions of delwe
timber. )Ve express our satisfaction
wish to establish the closest coope al:
will contribute towards insproi'infllhsd S's
Rumanian goods in our market * sluts 0
And Messrs .W. Ludwig and r fillamburg
write about a consignment of Rum' 'fifilbeA
,Your trucks are irreproachably load
sions concerning sorting according t
being observed at every poipt.*
Messrs ?Djeredjian Freres* of Beyrou
be just as satisfied with Rumanian
sCenerallto? ? they write ? .the quality of the
various goods supplied by you is satisfactory,
being superior to sample... Rumanian goods can
successfully cope with competition.*
And now here area few quotations from the many
letters the ?Prodexport? Company receives. One of
them is from the 4Migross Concern of Zarich and
states: tille are glad to have been able to con-
tract with you for a few truck loads of eggs
as we think that Rumania can today be counted
among the good European suppliers of eggs. We
should like to conclude a substantial contract
with you and hope that in future also when ;yr,
have export goods available you will give is the
first refusal of your goods.* With refeTce to a
consignment of caviar flown from Bucrarest to the
United States in 36 hours, the Jul4d Fancy Foods
Co. of San Francisco cable: 4We toe received the
parcel under excellent conditiore and are well
pleased tvith the quality of the caviar,.
Cement mills, oil-derricks, m::-
.hine-tools, trac-
tors, chemicals, oil-lid l Products, cement, marble.
timber, furniture, grain, foodsttirs, handicraft ob-
jects and many other Rumanian:commodities are-in-
vading numerous foreign markt,, in exchange for
the products imported by our csootcy
to consolidateits economy and continually
'rnprove the people's
livingie-nstdng its
standard.
ea
foreign trade ?icier conditions of
equality in rights and reciprocity, the Rumanian
People's Republic moreover contributes to the cause
of international cooperation and peace between
nations.
A. A.
A GHALTCHit.A14
TO.. ?
f
it *
S.i o u
0: HOWIE OF, THE- bitiMBER:OF COWIE' BCE- OF THE ,RUMANIAN: PEOFLE'S?RE. PUBLIC.
,
PliOneTF:6`.24:29, '
MINH
? In Support of Intend Interna-
tional Trade Exchangee
? Participation of the Rumanian
People's Republic in Interna-,
tional Fairs
?? From the First to the Second
Five-year Plan
? The ?Electroputere? Electro.
technical Works
? A Whfe Range-. of Gil-field
Equipment
- ? The Works Where Rumanian
Tractors Are Made
? ?Carbochimp, a Young off-
spring of the Rumanian Economy
? The Rumanian Carbon Black
Industry
? A Largo Unit of RumaniaForestry industry: the Vaduz.'
Complex Timber Yards
? Oil, a Great Source of Wealth
for Rumania
? Burdujeni, a Food Industry
Town r-
? Rumania, a Great Produ-
cer of Cement
? Media', the City of Glass
? A New Textile Mill
? The Baragan, Rumania's
Granary
? Books in the Rumanian
People's Republic
? Lovely Folk Art Objects
' ? A Day in the Seaport of Con-
stantza
?
Cover loading of vessel in the
port of Constanza
Signing of Rumanian-Finnish trade agreement for 1955
A Japanese economic delegation is paying a visit to
the Chamber of Commerce& the Rumanian People's Republic
IN SUPPORT OF INTENSE INTERNATIONAL TRADE EXCHANGES
N 1956 the foreign trade of the Rumanian People's
Republic isdeveloping underexcellent auspices. This
is due to the extension of Rumania's trade relations
in 1955. as well as to the contacts established and
the negotiations which have been and are being car-
ried on in 1956.
Already in the autumn of 1955 several Rumanian
tradedelegations empowered to negotiate and con-
clude trade agreements visited countries with which
Rumania had only occasionally traded in the past.
Our country thereby continued to carry into effect
its policy of broadening trade relations with all coun-
tries. irrespective of their social-economic regime.
In recent years Rumanian goods have made their
way into geographical zones where they had never
previously penetrated. It is well known that in 1954
Rumania concluded for the first time in her history
trade agreements with countries as far distant and
different from each other as India and Iceland, for
instance. At the beginning of 1956 other trado agree-
ments being added, our country had signed compen-
Graph showing increase in Rumania's foreign
trade from 1950 to 1955
sat ion agreernents with 31 countries and kept up trade
relations with 62 countries all over the world
Rumania's trade with non-socialist countries has
been greatly extended in recent years. Indeed Ruman-
ian foreign trade neatly doubled during the period
1950-1955 The increase in Rumania's foreign trade
is considerable if compared with pre-war. In 1954
the volume of her foreign trade was 22.2 per cent
above 1938.
A most significant feature in the evolution of Ru-
manian foreign trade is the structural change under-
gone by the country's exports and imports. Due to
her industrialization Rumania has in recent years
become an exporter of industrial products including
machines and complex industrial equipment, oil-
field equipment, machine-tools, building materials,
chemicals, foodstuffs and so forth, which have been
added to her traditional export products:oil, timber
and grain. Moreover Rumanian imports include far
larger quantities of a whole range of industrial equip-
ment, raw materials. consumer gcod$, exotic and colo-
nial products, etc
The participation of the Rumanian companies of
foreign trade lathe international fairs and exhibitions
reflects the country's desire to make a great contri-
bution to the development of trade exchanges be-
tween all countries It concurrently proves that the
Rumanian People's Republic is in a position to supply
varied goods of good quality under reasonable con-
ditions and to buy in exchange the goods of the coun-
tries with which it trades
Promoting indiscriminatory trade under conditions
of equality in rights and mutual Advantages, with
an economy in full tide of rehabilitation and deve-
lopment, Rumania is certain that her foreign trade
will mark new and important progress.
Participation of the Rumanian People's kOpublic
in International Fairs in 1955
00 have great natural
4 and human resources
which have not been
made use of as they should
have been in the last cen-
turies. We are impressed
not. only by the way in
which you use human resour-
ces ..
Skimming through the vi-
sitors' books of the Rumanian
pavilions at the fairs held in
Izmir, Zagreb, Leipzig, Plov-
div and New Delhi, we
were reminded of these words
spoken by the American far-
mers R. Carst and C. Schutz
on the occasion of their visit
to Rumania in the autumn
of 1955. As a whole, the im-
pressions fatted down by the
tens of thousands of people
who have visited our pavi-
lions all point to the same
conclusion as concerns the
development of the Rumanian
economy.
Our pavilions have shown
the wealth of Rumania's soil
and the diligence of her peo-
ple and aspects from the
country's transformation from
a backward agrarian coun-
try into an industrial-
agrarian country.
This transformation start-
ed in 1951-1952. It teas
then that the first largecon-
structions of the Five-Year
Plan began to take shape and
our young machine building
industry engaged in mass
production of the most varied
machines and ntachine-tools.
In 1952 Rumania's pavilions
at the Vienna, Prague, Mi-
lan, Leipzig and Plovdiv
fairs gave a glimpse of the
process of transformation,
emancipation and moderni-
zation Rumanian industry
was undergoing at the time
Rumania also participa-
ted in different fairs in the
following years, and every
time she asserted herself more
and more as a producer and
exporter of machines.
1955?the closing year of
the First Five-Year Plan ?
crowned the efforts of the
working people of the Ru-
manian People's Republic
to industrialize their country.
At the different interna-
tional fairs held in 1955,
Rumania, the country which
only eleven years ago, im-
ported 95 per cent of her in-
dustrial equipment, displayed
varied machine-tools, up-to-
date rolling stock, oil-field
and mining equipment, en-
gines, complete outfits for
cement mills, etc.
Our tractors and machine-
tools were more particularly
praised at Zagreb, while at
Izniir it was the machine-
tools, chemical and electrical
products, the models of fish-
ing smacks, oil tankers and lo-
comotives? all mass produced
in the Rumanian ship-
yards and plants ? that ar-
rested the visitors' attention.
Rumanian mine locomotives
and building materials, and
the complete drilling outfit
for 3,200 m depth, a splen-
did achievement of the Ruman-
ian builders of oil-field equip-
ment, aroused great interest
at Ness' Delhi. Rumanian
oil-field equipment was alrea-
dy known in Asian markets
The Chinese press mentioned
in due time the feats achieved
in China with drilling equip-
ment of Rumanian make.
Besides the products of
heavy industry, Rumania's
pavilions shoived a rich as-
sortment of consumer goods.
In recent years Runianian
exports of glassware, textile
fabrics, leather and metal
articles, have enhanced the
country's prestige in the in-
ternational market.
Speaking of our exhibits at
the 1955 international fairs
in which Rumania partici-
pated, we must mention our
traditional agricultural pre-
duce.Rumania's output of
grain which had reached nearly
12,000,000 tons in 1955
as well as the continual in-
crease in our livestock. ensure
ever more satisfactory sup-
plies for the home market and
for export. Concurrently the
extension of the network of
foodstuff units renders pos-
sible the production of a wider
range of goods and moreover
enables Rumania successfully
to cope with iirders from a-
broad
At the Leipzig fair visit-
ors were given the oppor-
tunity of seeing fine speci-
mens of Rumanian fruits,
vegetables, canned meat and
fish, sausages as well as wine
from our famous vineyards.
Altogether the participa-
tion of the Rumanian People's
Republic in hut year's in-
ternational fairs has proved a
great success.
The part played by in-
ternational fairs as a means
of bringing businessmen of
different countries in touch
with one another is appre-
ciated by our economic cir-
cles This year the Rumanian
People's Republic is to par-
ticipate in a still larger num-
ber of fairs to be held in
the Western and Eastern
hemispheres. These fairs will
constitute as niany oppor-
tunities for our country to
contribute to the consolida-
tion of the spirit of coopera-
tion and confidence which
asserted itself in thc 1955
business year, and concur-
rently to establish new eco-
nomic relations with the busi-
ness representatives of var-
ious countries
In the pavilion of the Rumanian People's Republic at
the Plovdiv internatidmal fair (September 1955)
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
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TAU IYflI
From top to boitom.: Shot from the 11unedoari Complex Metal. Works; the new antibiotics
factory in Jassy region; the sMoldovakj Textile Mill of Botosani: Above right; The
? Parosani !Thermo-Power Station.
'
IN the millenniums making up the history of
I the peoples five years is but a span. If we were to
study Rumania's history during the past century.
for instance, we would notice that for scoresof years
life in town and village was monotonous, showing
no great changes or transformations.
But there have been in our country's history five
red letter years, the first five years which will be
remembered by future generations overthe passage
of centuries.
The rivers are still the same: the same Danube.
the same Arges, the same Bistrita. But the Danube
is now girt with a girdle of steel ? the great bridge
of friendship at Giurgiu; the lalomita has been dam-
med to be turned into kW of light and power by the
Moroeni hydropower station; the Bistrita is amazed
when at places where never a sound was to be heard
it meets with the boisterous bustle of the huge Bicaz
construction site. 20 new power stations have been
built in the course of the Five-Year Plan. The set ca-
pacity thus obtained in five years is nearly double
what the old regime achieved in 14 years (1925 ?
1938).
We still find in Rumania gently sloping hills and
mountains richly wooded within which lie countless
treasures But wells have been sunk in their soil
disclosing untold riches: oil in Oltenia and Transyl-
vania. and elsewhere ? deposits of uranium, and
coal so near the surface that it may be extracted by
excavators. Now after these five years we have more
wealth?more oil and coal deposits than we knew
of in 1950. And this although the 1955 crude oil
output exeeded by nearly two million tons pre-war
peak production. We have here the very same crude
oil that certain *economists* of former days pro-
claimed exhausted. In the same year double the
quantity of coal was extracted compared with 1938.
Different sounds come down from the heights and
rise from the valleys In the depths of the mountains
where alone the wearying sound of the pick-axe could
be heard in the past, now resounds the whir of coal-
cutting machines which have rendered coal and ore
extraction ten times easier as well as ten times more
rapid In the forests the monotonous blow of the axe
has been superseded by the hum of the electric frame
Saws.
And Rumania's plains also look different. Trac-
tors are met with everywhere ? a rare thing in the
Past-
And these tractors bear the mark of a Rumanian plant.
Barren, non productive soil has come to life. As con-
cerns harvests, not long ago the figures now record-
ed would have been considered a sheer impossi-
bility: not ten million tons of grain, as envisaged,
but nearly 12 million were reaped in 1955.
The Map of the Country How and In the Past
Let us look at the Rumanian map of former days
and compare it with one newly issued. This dot stood
for the townlet of Hunedoara such as it was a few
years ago, with its 15,000 inhabitants. At present Hu-
nedoara has 70,000 inhabitants and this number is
continually increasing. The iron and steel plant of a
few years ago is gradually becoming one of the big-
gest iron and steel works of Europe. Recently new
units have been commissioned here' a cokery, a fac-
tory for ore agglutination and the thermo-power sta-
tion No. 2. And the town which now boasts broad
streets and dozens of modern apartment houses has
changed beyond recognition. Let us take a glimpse
of the districts which on the old economic maps had
nothing special to show. Oltenia and Dobrogea, for
instance. We shall now see there 9 electric power
stations, 52 factories and mills, 19 newly opened
mines; 105 machine and tractor stations and ten me-
chanical centres. And they have all been achieved
in the short lapse of five years.
It is difficult to show everything that has been
created during these five years in the Rumanian
People's Republic. Our space is too limited to speak
at full length of the creation and development of
the machine-building industry, for instance, the
output of which increased fourfold from 1949 to 1955.
This industry has mastered the manufacture of sever-
al hundred types of new machines and apparatuses,
and today turns out the entire oil-field equipment
needed by the country, leaving quantities in excess
of requirements available for export. Furthermore
it is engaged in mass production of lathes, tractors,
motor-lorries, Diesel engines, ring frames and electric
transformers.
As if touched by a fairy's wand, the places where
nothing ever happened In the past are now throbbing
with life, changing at a stupendous rate from one
day to the next. Those who have achieved this mir-
acle are the Rumanian people, the same people who
for centuries were prevented from turning to account
their gifts and skill and who, now that they have
smashed their fetters for ever and know the aims for
which they are working and struggling, simply achieve
prodigies. In the past people like Constantin Vasi-
lathe, the lathe operator who is already working
for the account of the second millenium. folio Haidu,
a master coal miner, and so many other top-notch
workers now famous and held in high esteem through-
out the country, were doomed to live and die un-
known. Nowadays they all put their strength and
skill in the service of the country's progress, in the
service of peaceful construction.
The People's Living Standard Has Improved
The people's living standard has improved and their
efforts are duly rewarded. In 1955 the real wages of
the workers exceeded the 1950 level by 28 per cent
The working people's standard of living has improv-
ed they feed and dress better Thousands of com-
fortable flats are made available to them every year.
The population consumes 52 per cent more bread.
203 per cent more fat. 85 per cent more meat and
138 more sugar than in 1948. The two price cuts car-
ried out in 1955 have increased the purchasing power
of the leu and improved catering.
But these are not the only advantages won by the
builders of our new life: over two million persons
have enjoyed holidays in health resorts and spas,
6.503 million lei have been spent on social services
and approx. 200,000 houses have been built in the
countryside.
The Rumanian People's Republic and the Rumanian
people are becoming ever wealthier. It is common
knowledge that the more advanced a country is from
the economic point of view, the more developed is
its foreign trade. More riches and a greater variety
of them means also broader export possibilities. A
complex national economy, the people's superior
material level increase import requirements.
Rumania's foreign trade plainly, reflects this new
state of affairs and the country's economic upsurge.
The fact that exchanges with foreign countries have
doubled in five years proves that Rumanian goods
are in ever greater demand in foreign markets. It
also proves that consumption requirements and the
possibility of the Rumanian market to absorb import-
ed goods have likewise increased. Most significant
is the fact that in 1955 the exchange of goods with
Western countries exceeded that of 1950 2.5 times
and that the Rumanian People's Republic now trades
with no less than 62 foreign countries.
Never before has the balance sheet drawn up by
the Rumanian people proved so fruitful as in the last
five years. And it is not made up only of figures
and arid data. These achievements are plain for
everyone to see, they are brought home to all
through their own experience.
Skimming Through the Hew Flve?Year Plan
On January 1st 1956, the citizens of the Rumanian
People's Republic passed not only the threshold of
the new year but also that of the country's Second
Five-Year Plan. From now on over a period of five
years a new battle will be waged for the success of
peaceful construction.
Reading the directives for the country's Second
Five-Year Plan, our working people saw, their own
life of 1960 reflected as in a mirror; And comparing
the figures and tasks of the new plan with those of
?
the first ? the 1950-1955 plan ? they will be
made fully aware of the swift and steady progress
of the national economy and the culture and well-
being of the masses
Dozens of billions of lei were spent during the
First Five-Year Plan on capital constructions. And
the amounts to be spent from 1956 to 1960 will ex-
ceed this figure by 67 to 75 per cent. This means, of
course, that the rate of advance of the Rumanian
economy and culture and of the continual improve-
ment of the people's living standard will be speeded
up
There are in the new Five-Year Plan a great many
figures and percentages. But behind these figures our
people see now factories and mills, and new towns
rising from the ground. Long ago they realised by
experience that a better, wealthier and more civilized
life means first of all a more powerful industry.
So they are well pleased to see that investments are
going to industry for the most part and that from
the total amount of industrial investments 75 per
cent are earmarked for those branches which have a
powerful basis of raw materials at home and conse-
quently have excellent prospects of development:
the oil-field, gas, chemical, iron and steel, electric
power, coal and non-ferrous ore industries These
investments as well as the rise in labour productivity
due to an advanced technique will ensure a 60-65
per cent increase an overall production at the conclu-
sion of the Second Five-Year Plan. The increases
obtained before 1955 will be greatly outstripped .
output of electric power will go up 80-85 per cent,
crude oil 28 per cent, coal 80-90 per cent, dry gas
2.6 times, etc. And for other products the increase
will be even more impressive we will have five
times more metallurgical coke, four times more dril-
ling outfits, five times more motor-lorries and about
four times more sodium products and chemical
fertilizers
Travelling In Imagination In 1960
We will now let our fancy travel to Hunedoara
such as it will be in 1960. Proportions considered
very impressive in 1955 will seem almost insignifi-
cant in 1960. New furnaces will overshadow those
-existing now by their huge dimensions. Two giant
chimneys belching out smoke like a volcano will
herald the commissioning of two new batteries at
the cokery. The new up-to-date steel works will
increase steel production to nearly one million tons.
And besides Hunedoara, besides giant Resita, other
powerful iron and steel units will have sprung up
in the country's industry. the Roman rolling mill
for tubular goods, and the new iron and steel plant,
the first furnace of which will be commissioned at
the end of the new five-year plan
Not long ago chemical industry was nearly non-
existent in Rumania. being limited to a few shops.
Now this industry which was very modest and unas-
sumingsin its beginnings has become one of our main
industrial branches
And this may be easily accounted for when we con-
sider that Rumania has huge natural riches' crude
oil, dry gas, coal, reed, timber, salt, ores, which all
form a rich and powerful basis for the development
of our chemical industry
Let us take refinery gas, for instance. So far this gas
has been used only as fuel Gas to the value of 45
million lei was used for fuel in 1955. The proccessing
of this quantity of gas into chemical products would
have raised its value to WO million lei During the
Second Five-Year Plan cracking gas from our oil in-
dustries will be employed as raw material by a big
synthetic rubber plant with a yearly capacity of
50,000 tons. Petrochemical industry which makes
good 1.15C of all oil-field by-broducts will thus play
a major role in Rumanian industry
In the rich and immense Danube Delta, that bound-
less kingdom of bird and fish, which has so far serv-
ed only the purposes of tourists and huntsmen ?
reed is to be found ? a great source of wealth which
has not yet been turned to account. In the past it
was gathered by the people to thatch their huts The
Delta reed, of superior quality both as concerns the
length of its fibres and its contents of cellulose will
soon be used as basic raw material in the manufac-
turing of cellulose Following the building of a big
cellulose mill in those parts, timber which has so
far been used in the manufacturing of cellulose, will
.-be turned to better account. Rubber and paper, plas-
tics and fertilizers, synthetic fibres and drugs, dye-
stuffs and alcohol are only a few of the great variety
of products with which chemical industry will supply
our national economy.
But the output ofoil and chemical products, ma-
chines and electric power will not be the only one to
increase in the next five years. Our consumer goods
industry will also be given a great impetus, that it
may supply the working people with ever more
goods. In 1960 our citizens will receive approx 45
per cent more textile fabrics and footwear, three
times more bacon and about twice as much sugar and
butter
The fields of the country will yield richer crops
in the years to come. And this not only because our
farmers will use improved methods of tillage more
skilfully; new land ? salty, eroded and sandy land
? will be reclaimed for agriculture and the fields
will be abundantly fertilized The rise in the number
of tractors of the machine and tractor stations and
state farms to 37,000 conventional tractors of IS
HP, the reclaiming for agriculture of about 250,000
hectares of the regions liable to be flooded by the
Danube as well as of salty and sandy land, and espe-
cially the development into prominence of the social-
ist sector in agriculture will ensure the growth of
the annual output of grain to at least 15 million tons.
The Rumanian population will concurrently be sup-
plied with more fruit and more animal products.
The Men Target: Man and His Requirements
While pursuing the further development of the
country's economy, the ultimate objectives of the
government of the Rumanian People's Republic are
man and his requirements The satisfaction to an
ever greater extent of the people's requirements, the
rise in the material and cultural living standards run
like a red thread through the provisions of the Sec-
ond Five-Year Plan Here are a few sign ificant figures:
in 1960, goods circulation will reach approx. 40 to
46 thousand million lei within the framework
of state and cooperative trade. The building of at
least 2.500.000 square metres of floor space is en-
visaged Gas heating will be laid in another eight
towns The bed complement in hospitals will increase
by approx. 15,000 The construction of the Bucharest
Cinema Centre will be completed The Bucharest
National Theatre will be constructed The country's
capital will be provided with a powerful TV station.
The number of Village cinemas will increase 2.5 times.
110 new sports grounds will be laid out in different
parts of the country.
These are only a few of the innumerable figures
of the Second Five-Year Plan of the Rumanian
Peoples Republic
In the years to come there will be greater riches
but also greater requirements. This constitutes the
prerequisite for a still more appreciable increase in
commercial exchanges, a contribution towards
tightening the links of friendship between nations,
towards maintaining peace. Other export products
will be added to the present ones ? the fruits of the
development of our petrochemical. machine-building
and light industries, etc The goods on sale will be
of ever higher quality and of an improved type. Dur-
ing the period 1956? 1960 the Rumanian People's
Republic will extend its foreign economic rela-
tions, economic cooperation and mutual aid with
the friendly peoples, and exchanges &goods with
all countries will ensure a satisfactory balance of
payments
Starting the struggle for the fulfilment of the new ,
Five-Year Plan, the Rumanian people confidently
look forward to the future, sure' that it has new
satisfactions, new successes in peaceful construction
in store for them.
3
..._...,_=--..,......
- ---"--..-r----4
.;:t.-4.....??"" ? ! - ---- -- .1. ?-? ...,.:Q-:, N.:, 4 , - ?
.4..1... ,
Above left Graph
showing advance in
agricultural produc-
tion from 1938 to 1955.
From top to bottom.
The .Scinteia House.
Printing Works; in the
foyer of the Opera and
Ballet Theatre of the
Rumanian People.).
Republic; view of the
4.C23 Augusta stadium?
mn Bucharest; new flats
for the employees of
the Vadur: Timber
Yards
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
? we",?07-II.
machines, power transformers, etc. The
latter are produced in the four big work-
shops of the equipment section located on
either side of the entrance to the plant.
At the international fairs of Izmir,
Zagreb, Plovdiv. etc. in 1955, diverse
machines and equipment made by the
eElectroputeree works were displayed in-
cluding electric motors and transformers
of 400 kVA. various electric apparatus.
generating sets ,synchronous generators of
1200 kVA/400 volts and many others.
But the list of products turned out by
the Rumanian electrotechnical industry is
far more comprehensive. Some of them
have been manufactured for a number of
years, others are new products designed
and produced in 1955 for the first time.
As concerns electric machines, for in-
stance. D. C. motors of the derivation
typeare turned out besides the small pow-
er alternators and the synchronous ma-
chines of 200 kVA.
The fire-damp proof transformer (spe-
cially designed for use in those spots in the
mine which are subject to explosions),
the transformers of 50/100 kVA (for feed-
ing the rural network), the 11030 cycle con-
verter, the transformer station of kV inte-
rior type and 35 kV exterior type, the naval
electric motors, the tree-felling ugregate of
200 cycles, the portable boring machines,
the centrifugal machine for use in labora-
tories, the machine for balancing micro.
motors, the automatic firedamp proof
circuit breakers, a whole range of relays
for protecting and automatizing electric
outfits ? are all of great interest to cus-
tomers at home and abroad.
To the numerous types of machines and
electric motors of which we have mention-
ed only part, we must add the square
and round measuring instruments for al-
ternative and continuous current as for
instance the voltmeters, ampermeters and
watmeters as well as the single-phase
and three-phase electric meters with two
or three measuring systems.
These are only partof the products manu-
factured by the Rumanian electrotechnical
industry which have been highly appre-
ciated by buyers and experts. This is due
both to the fact that they are of irreproach-
able make and of high quality material,
and that they are fully in keeping with
the demands of modern technique, being
in themselves vivid proof of the high
technical level reached by this branch of
Rumanian industry.
N the days when Rumania was known only as a
backward agrarian country with an underdeveloped
industry, towns and even entire districts were com-
pletely devoid of industrial units. Such was Cra-
iova, for instance, a town in the centre of the fertile
Oltenian plain.
In recent years. however, both the aspect and the
main feature of this city. formerly the residence of
the Ban, governor of the province of Oltenia. have
been changing, the s7Noembrie? metal plant has
been set up. a big sugar factory is about to be put
into service and a number of new units have shot up.
But the most outstanding achievement along the
path of industrialization in this region is undoubtedly
the sElectroputeres works which play an Important
part in the country's electrification.
In the years following the end of the last war, Cra-
iova citizens and foreign travellers could notice the
walls of a big construction rising ever higher on the
outskirts of the town. Men other walls sprang up
close by. They were the outer wAls of the big halls In
a few years the immense sElectroputere* works had
been constructed and completely equipped with the
most up-to-date machines A new oictrict cropped
forth?the dwellings built for the employees of the
plant.
The output of the works is yearly increasing: in
1954 it was 427 per cent above 1951.
Examining the index of products turned out by the
plant we will notice that their range has widened
with every passing year From 1950 to 1951 only
certain motors and electric machines were turned out,
while in the next years the plant succeeded in pro-
ducing the most varied types of electro-machines and
motors, from complete outfits for electrical power
stations to high frequency apparatus, big electric
A WIDE RANGE OF OIL FIELD EQUIPMENT
T... history of
Meet Maieoil.flehi
equipmentworksof
Ploegll greatly resem-
bles that of many
other Rumanian works
Which, having risen
Irons their ashes,
have grown and deve-
loped in the years af-
ter World War II.
That is why any
question put to one
of the old workers is
invariably answered
as follows
?It was more than
eleven years ago, in
the autumn of 1914 -
Eliot memorable year...
War had swept our
country and was con-
tinuing its waq to-
wards central Europe,
leaving gloom and de-
struction behind it
The site where for-
merly the repair shop
for oil-field equipment
of the aConrorditn,
company had stood
was nothing but a
mass of ruins. The
war had left not a
single wall intact,
not a single machine
undamaged
And on this self-
same site the build-
ing of the new plant
been n.
Years have passed
and the wounds in-
flicted by the war
have been healed. The
Rumanian oil-field in-
dustry, in full swing
of development, needed
inereasing quantities
of oil-field equipment,
furthermore ever larger
indents were com-
ing iii
The plant has been
extended fled mode, n-
i zed with every pas-
sing year
At present the
huge halls of a big
plant proudly rise sky-
wards on the site of
theold workshop. In the
crimson light of the
found ry,with the rum-
ble of the travel-
ling cranes and win-
cites as a background.
the machines hiss
and roar, while crowds
of workers pursue
a constant activity.
At the entrance of
a huge hall , a big plato
bears the inscrip-
tion: rtExport pro-
ducts.* In the hall, a
group of mon In over-
alls are giving the
last check up to a
drilling outfit which
will go abroad in a
few hours
For it is from here,
from the at Male plant
in Ploesti, as from
ninny other of the
country's units that
diverse types of oil-
field equipment leave
for numerous for-
eign countries all
overtheworld Indeed
Rumania today manu-
factures a great many
types of oil-field equip-
ment which have
won recognition in
the oil-fields within
the country and a-
broad. To give only
an instance. the Ru-
manian drilling out-
fits in operation in
the Gobi plateau in
China creditably cope
with most difficult
drilling conditions
Rumanian plants
now produce a wide
range of oil-field equip-
ment. They provide
oil-fields with all
kinds of outfits of
Use most up-to-slate
type, from tools and
devices for small-scale
mechanization to com
plot? drilling out -
fits for great depths.
The drilling out-
fit for 500 to 12110
in depth prospecting,
the drilling outfit for
1800 in depth driven
by Diesel engines, the
drilling outfit for
2000 to 2600 m depth
driven by Diesel or
electric engines, the
drilling outfit, for 3200
to 3500 m depth ac-
INDUSTRIALEXPORT
BUCHAREST, Str. GABRIEL PERI
No. 2
4.97.44; 5.16.09
Cables: elndexporte?Bucharest
The at Main works of Ploesti are among Rumania's main producers of oil-field equipment
tented by Diesel en-
gines are all current-
ly turned out by Ru-
manian plants. One
of them, the complete
drilling outfits (or
3200 to 3500 in depth
with all the neces-
sary equipment, has
been on show at the
New Delhi fair of
1955
Rumanian indus-
try moreover produ-
ces drilling equip-
silent after the turbo-
blower system.
Separate outfit parts
are also being mane-
f c Lured for ex-
port. Considerable
consignments may
therefore be supplied
of draw-works, travel-
ling blocks, crown-
blocks and hooks,
swivels, Rotary ta-
bles. slush and emer-
gency pumps, blow-
out, preventers or 'earl-
ous types and di-
mensions, etc...
For produrtion pur-
poses we deliver vari-
ous pumping units
such as pumps.
Cliristnuis trees, se-
parators, gas lift out-
fits, etc..
A wide range of
tools and tubular
goods required for dril-
ling purposes are
moreover 'turned out
including roller and
fishtail bits, drilling
tools (overshots, die
collars, fishing taps,
drill-pipe and casing
tongs, elevators),
drilling casings, drill
pipes, etc...
We have enumerat-
ed here only part of
the product; turned
Out by the Ruman-
ian oil-field indus-
try ? commodities
highly appreciated
abroad.
a) Coring outfits for 500 ns depth
b) Prospecting and production
outfits for 1200 m. 1300 m.
2500 in and 3200 in, driven by
steam, Diesel or electric motors.
RUMANIAN MOTOR
LORRY S.R.-101
The output of transfor-
mers is on a constant in-
crease
EVER more motor-lorries issue from the eSteaRil Rogue plant in Ora-
sul Stalin for the remotest corners of Rumania. The gaily. fluttering
flags over theirradintors seem to urge the other cars to Join them
in n competitive race.
-
The aSteagul Rogue works which in the past turned out only ergines
and bearings, are now drigaged in the mass manufacture of motor lorries of
S. R.? 101 type.
Tho works receive dozens of letters from industrial, forestry, oil, con-
struction and other companies expressing their satisfaction with the resistance
of Rumanian lorries.
A great success achieved by the works is the mechanization of nearly
the entire process of casting, machining, assembling, cue.
The aSteagel Hopi) plant supplies also other Rumanian plants pro-
ducing motor-buses
and tank cars with
The equipment of the
eEleetroputereD works
keeps abreast of modern
requirements
ELECTRIC POWER
OUTPUT IN THE
RUMANIAN
PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC
s'Ve,
et,rezeir--1'
The aEleetroputeree works build mo-
dern and comfortable tramcars
Acharacteristic feature
of the economic deve-
lopment of the Rumanian
People's Republic is cer-
tainly the country's increas-
ed electric power output.
In 1938 Rumania's
output of electric power
amounted to 1,130 million
kW/h while at the close
of 1955 it had reached
4,300 million kW/h.
frames, bearings and
motor parts.
Recently new au-
tomatic machines and
aggregates as well as
conveyors have been
blueprinted with the
aid of the Metallurgi-
cal Blueprinting Insti-
tute. These machines
and aggregates are
now being manufac-
tured in the plant
which is thus able to
keep pace with the
constant increase in
motor-lorry produc-
tion. On the occasion
of the international
exit i bi tions where they
were displayed, Ru-
manian motor-lorries
and other vehicles
have arrested the at-
tention of the import-
concerns of many
conntries by their
st tirdy construction
2) Equipment for drilling outfits
3) Drilling and production tools
4) Pumping units of 3 to 15 tons
and oil-well equipment.
On request eIndustrialeicporte can
send experts to put the installations
into serviceand pass on all the neces-
sary instructions.
RUMANIAN OIL-FIELD EQUIPMENT
IS APPRECIATED ABROAD
A hall in the ?Stengel
Rogue plant of Oragul
Stalin
ae?--)N his return home, the Chile industrialist Albert Russo whu has visited
the Rumanian People's Republic, published an article headed
411tunanin Offers Chile Excellent Oil-field Equipment
The Chile industrialist my: stress on the quality of the oil-field equipment
turned out by the Rumanian industry, dwelling on the advantages that the
establishment of regular trade relations between Chilian and Rumanian
companies may bring to Chile's economy.
'The eSteagul Rogue
motor-lorries are 'of
sturdy construction
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
THE ARAD
MACHINE-TOOL WORKS
Due to the development of Rumanian transports, as a direct, consequence of V.', trcuainic
upsurge and the increased trade exchanges of our country, it has become noceawly also to
widen the range of our rolling stock output. Our freight trucks, tank cars, and locomo-
tives could no longer cope with the increased requirements of our economy. Morcovtr the need
was felt of trucks of great capacity and locomotives of increased tractive powcf To produce
such trucks and locomotives, it was necessary to add modern technical means to an experience
of longstanding And thistles been achieved. Rumania now turns out rapid steam locomotives
for passenger cars, high traction locomotives for goods trains, comfortable passenger cars,
'r. :oht trucks of different types and tonnage, tank ears of great capacity, etc , etc
From among the locomotives for passenger trains we should mention types 1 D 2 and
2 Cowithsuperheated steam fuelled by means of coal or fuel oil. These locomotives can reach
a speed of up to 110 km/h trailing trains of 1,810 and 1,230 tons respectively on even ground
Among the goods train locomotives which have yielded the best results are types I E 0 and
E 0, both with superheated steam. These are heavy locomotives trailing trains of 2,600 and
2,200 tons respectively at a medium speed. They aro fuelled either by coal, or coal and fuel oil,
All locomotives are provided with compressed air brakes of the sKnorrs type, steam-heating
outfits, electric lighting by turbo-generators, central oiling, tight engineers' cabins and all the
necessary fittings.
As concerns passenger cars, they are also mass produced in Rumania. A typo much sought
after is the light, all-metal typo. It can be fitted out as I-st, II-nd or III-rd class carriage,
has comfortable compartments with padded benches, electric lighting and low pressure steam
heating
Freight trucks for 20, 25 an 50 tons of the covered and open types are likewise turned out.
The .50 ton soil discharging truck is most practical as it may be used for the transp-at of ore,
coal, coke, sand, etc. To this end the truck is provided with a removable saddle bottom, ensuring
the discharging of the freight by means of drop traps fixed round the truck underele?..level
of the frame. The bottom may be also fixed up as a fiat bottom, for common goods "C.vhich may
be loaded and unloaded through the truck doors.
For the transporter oil field products, 25 or 50m' tank cars are being turned out. The 50 re
tank cars have a welded frame, but a self-supporting type, without frame, may also be produced.
The tank is then fixed directly on bogies through the medium of box-shaped supports welded on
to the tank. Tne tank is made of 9 and 11 mm tins sheets entirely welded.
All these wagons are designed for a traffic speed of 100 km/h
and are fully in keeping with the RIV and UIC international
prescriptions. They are built either according to the Rumanian
standard, checked for years on end at home, or according to the
prescriptions of foreign railway companies, in keeping with the
most varied conditions of operation. First class raw material and
careful workmanship ensure high quality and most satisfactory
operation. Furthermore the rolling stock is subjected to long
journey tests following which quality and guarantee certificates
are issued.
Mobile platform at
the aGh. Dimitrova roll-
ing stock works in Arad
The up-to-date equipment of the dean Rarighefa works of Arad is of a high technical level
A characteristic trait of our production of machine-tools
is not only the wide range of products that are being turned
out. but also its swift rate of development. The 1955 output
of lathes had increased 619 per cent as against 1951, that of
boring machines 578 per cent, and of shaping machines 552
per cent.
The workers employed in the assembly hall of the I losif
Ranghota plant, are with good reason proud of their achieve-
ments. For it is their section that absorbs all the finished
machine parts which, being assembled into different types
of machine-Laois, will soon leave the plant to be exported
to different countries
I have seen some of these machine-tools in operation in
the at. C. Frimu* plant in Sinaia and the (Vasil? Roaitia
plant. in Bucharest. NVIum the workers talked about the quali-
ty of the lathes or boring machines, they showed me the
Arad alosif Rangheta trade mark ?
Our machine-building industry is able to cover not only
the best part of the country's home requirements, but also
to have certain quantities of machines available for export
The Arad works turn out. for export: lathes S-3, shaping
machines, double grinders, boring machines, slotting
machines, circular and alternative frame saws, eccentric
presses, etc., etc.
The export products of Rumanian machine-building in-
dustry are highly appreciated by business circles in dif-
ferent countries. Rumanian made machines are now in the
Chinese People's Republic, the Czechoslovak Republic,
Turkey, the People's Republic of Bulgaria, Finland, the
Gorman Democratic Republic, India, Indonesia, Norway,
Denmark, Greece, etc.
The products of our machine-building industry have also
won recognition at the international fairs held at Leipzig.
Plovdiv, Zagreb, Djakarta and Now Delhi.
Ore trucks' being welded
RUMANIA EXPORTS MORE THAN 250 NEW
TYPES OF MACHINES AND MECHANISMS
ON the outskirts of the town of Arad rise the lofty brick walls of the alosif Bangbet*
plant, a great producer of machine-tools. In the courtyard the whir and clatter of
the plant reaches one's ear but faintly, but as soon as one enters the halls, the noise
rises to a crescendo, and the machines verily sing the praise of work.
Light streams in through the wide windows, brightening the metal of hundreds of mo-
dern machines of a high technical level: Every year our machine-building industry is provided
with larger quantities of equipment. The level of technical outfit in this industry has risen
sixfold in these last five years.
Men in overalls bend over the lathes that cut into the metal.
With the desire to produce the best workmanship, they are continually concerned with
introducing innovations.
In other sections of Ulu plant we learn a vast number of interesting things that make
up the men's daily work. By adopting various technical and organizational measures the form
dry has succeeded in extending the space designed for the shaping and casting of spare
parts It is worth while noting the care bestowed on preparing cores of excellent quality for
casting certain lathe parts
The manufacturing of machine-tools is being continually improved at the alosif Hau-
ghe(s plant and new types of machinesare being turned out. In the years of the Five. Year Plan,
themanufacture was mastered in Rumania of more than 250
new types of machines and mechanisms of high technique
The following machines are now being turned out ho-
rizontal milling and boring machines, heavy lathes, co-
pying lathes, shaping machines, boring machines, column
type, slotting machines, etc, etc... The new types of
lathes attain 2000 rotations per minute. are of reduced
weight and volume, and may be used for highly
technical work.
RUMANIAN
Troders
Ready for shipment
TRACTORS
FOR EXPORT
FOR the first time in
1952 the Rumanian
People's Republic in-
cluded tractors turned out
by the Orasul Stalin plant
in her export lists
From that time our Coun-
try has supplied for ex-
port the XD-35, X DP-35,
and UTOS-2 tractors, the
latter on pneumatic wheels.
lli three types are fitted
out with Diesel motors
of 37 HP.
So far Rumanian trac-
tors have been exported
to the People's Republic
of Albania, the People's
Republic of Bulgaria, the
Czechoslovak Republic, the
Chinese People's Republic,
the Korean People's Demo-
cratic Republic, the Polish
People's Republic, etc.
Recently import companies
in Greece, India, Sweden
and the German Democratic
Republic have purchased
tractors for testing purposes
with a view to future or-
ders. Economic delegations
from Denmark, Norway,
Indonesia, Turkey, etc.,
which have visited our
- country have likewise in-
quired for Rumanian trac-
tors.
EARLY in November 1955, the em-
ployees of the aErnstTh5lmanna
tractor works of Orasul Stalin
celebrated an outstanding event,: the -
tenth anniversary of the first pig iron
charge to have been cast in the plant.
This pig iron was turned into tractor
parts that made up the first tractor
ever to have been produced in Ru-
mania. This event was more than a
celebration, for concurrently a short
survey was made of the changes
undergone by the works in these ten
years
It is more than ten years since
in place of lethal machines, ma-
chines for peaceful work holding out
promises of prosperity were built
on the site covered with the ruins
of the former I.A.R. aircraft plant.
It would be difficult to recognize
the old I.A.R. aircraft plant now. Looking at the new works it L. im-
possible to realize how fierce a struggle was waged in the winter
of 1945 when the prototype of the first Rumanian tractor came to life.
On January 1st 1947, the first mass produced tractors of Rumanian
make left. the newly rehabilitated works.
The mark of this first tractor put one in mind of the old
plant, for it was called the IAR-22 type, though it embodied the
youthfulness of the plant and of the new industry which had been
created in Rumania. Overcoming the difficulties arising from
their lack of experience and despite the conditions in which
they were working and which were not of the best, the diligent
tractor builders achieved their first succeases. The number of
tractors turned out monthly by the works was but small at the
beginning. However after a year the 1000th tractor was issuing
from the works. In December 1949. the 3000th tractor was com-
pleted and in April 1950 the 4000th. And 1950 brought further
satisfaction to the employees of the
tractor works: a new TAR-23 type
was built, superior in quality to the
After that the Rumanian tractor
works developed steadily. SRT-1 was
a new type turned out shortly after
the IAR-23 tractor and which, being
of superior quality, soon established
its fame among tillers of the soil.
Meanwhile the manufacturing was
tested of another tractor ? the tractor
K0-35 ? which belonged to the same
category, but which was a cater-
pillar tractor, and superior in quality
to the previous two types.
In March 1950, the first auxiliary
- THE WORKS WHERE
RUMANIAN TRACTORS
ARE MADE ?
motors were assembled and tested
by the experimenting shop of the
plant.
... March 1951?another page in the
history of the Rumanian tractor
works located in OraTul Stalin ? a
town at the foot of Mount Timpa.
That spring month the tractor buil-
ders achieved a fresh success: mass
production of tractor KD-35
The new Rumanian tractors soon
won recognition among the mechan-
izers of our agriculture. And shortly
their fame spread abroad more and
more foreign delegates making in-
quiries about them. Rumanian made
tractors started furrowing the soil
of Korea, Czechoslovakia, Bulgaria
'and other countries.
The Ernst Th6Imanns plant is
? -? now a modern plant with big produc-
tion capacities, ad the most up-to-date equipment and machines.
The development of the plant and the large scale use of
the new technique enabled the builders to achieve new successes
in 1955 That year two new types of tractors were turned out.:
the caterpillar tractor K DP-36 and the UTOS-2 tractor on
pneumatic wheels
These tractors are yet another proof of the efficiency of
the builders of the tErnst. 71151inanns worlcs.
Tractor K DP-35 is very suitable for hoeing and for soil
under technical plants
One of the builders of the UTOS-2 tractors, the latest
achievement of the plant, provided some interesting information
about this tractor. It was with justified pride that he pointed out
some of its outstanding qualities Both the fore and rear wheels
are adjustable, which means that when used for hoeing, the wheels
can be adjusted to the distance between the rows of plants.
Besides the fore wheels have sus-
pensions, so that the tractor meets
_ .
, I r no impediment on uneven ground.
Tractor UTOS-2 can be used for
every kind of agricultural labour,
besides trailing and certain industrial
operations.
The new tractor has 5 speeds
and may attain 15 km per hour.
Its builders are proud of this most
up-to-date tractor ? the result of
their joint work.
? The aErnst Th5Imannir tractor plant
Is one of the mainstays of Rumania's
machine building industry. The trac-
tors turned out here have for long
been'-appreciated by all those who
have tested them.
carom Nestor 1111-35
carpiiar Naar 110?-35
mew tractor UT8S-2
prooe highly satisfac-
tory' in all agricultural
mark
Prospects and technical data are
supplied by the State Company
for Foreign Trade
INDUSTRIALEXPORT
Bucharest, Sfr. Gabriel Phi No. 2;
...Phone: 4.97.44; 6.86.58
Cables: aINDEXPOliT. BuCharest":
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
ODLEA, a townlet surrounded by
wooded hills; is situated in the
neighbourhood of Orainil Sta-
lin, one of the most important indus-
trial centres of Rumania. As in so
many other parts of our country in
Codlea, too, a young industry has
sprung up? the dyestuff industry, which
is a major branch of our chemical
industry.
Great attention is bestowed on dye-
stuff production on account of its great
technical and economic importance.
The basic dyestuffs, which are among
the oldest synthetic dyes, are now widely
used thanks to their vivid and varied
shades.
An important problem is also that
of the intermediary products required
for the manufacturing of basic dyestuf Is,
and these have been obtained through
minute research and experiments car led
out by the chemists and technicians of
the ?Colorom? factory.
The aniline section of the ?Colorom?
factory is of basic importance. The
section turning out raw aniline oil is
provided with up-to-date, equipment,
mechanic reducers powered by elec-
tromotors, refrigerators, separators, and
reservoirs. Raw aniline oil is success-
fully used in the dyestuff, drug, plas-
tics and rubber industries.
A worker in the Beta Naito' section
. takes out the molten alcaline mixture
from furnace No. 3 and introduces it
into a collecting copper. From here
the product goes on its way to the mel'-
ing, separation and distillation sec-
tions. And it is also here that the sul-
phuric acid pump is set into motion.
This pump directs the acid towards the
measuring coppers from where it is
subsequently channelled to the sul-
phonization section.
In the?Progres? drying rooms a woman:
worker reads the pressure of the drying
machine and regulates the vacuum pumps
to the necessary pressure. The drying
machine No. 4 is likewise automatically
discharged. From here, the dyestuffs
which have been reduced to powder
are directed towards the grinding mills.
The gamma acid section is also an
important one. From here, the head
of the section, a young woman chemist,
controls and directs with utmost pre-
cision the entire technological process
I consisting in the processing of the gamma
acid and of the intermediaries. These
products are of considerable impor-
tance in organic dyestuff industry.
The foreman of the shift has just
come in. He reports on the production
of G and R salt and of gamma acid.
But let us enter the machine hall where
the rhythmical whir of the engines drowns
every other noise. The foreman
gives a final check up to the measuring
apparatus after which he orders that
the compressors. be started.
A Dyestuff Industry Unit
Leaving the processing sections of
.he factory, we direct our steps towards
the laboratories.
In the left wing of the research labo-
ratory of the ?Colorom? factory, the
different stages of the manufacturing
process are checked. The women chem-
ists on duty report to the head engi-
neer that the manufacturing of benzidine,
now in the transposing stage, is proceed-
ing satisfactorily and that the next
stage may be embarked upon._
In the research laboratory the syn-
thesis of the K.L. blue dyestuff is being
achieved under the supervision of the
chemist. Mixed sentiments of anxiety
and satisfaction are observed on the
faces of all.
In the colour laboratory the last tine.
tonal and analytical analyses of the
direct R black and direct B Bordeaux
dyestuffs are carried out. These are part
of an important export stock of dyestuffs.
A woman chemist bends over the
spectophometer. She reads the tinctorial
intensity of the blue dyestuff chrome-
tible acid. In the dyeing room next
door, comparative dyeing is carried
out. The dyestuffs used are those pro-
duced by the factory, and similar pro-
ducts of foreign make. In the specially
fitted out drying room yarns of wool ?
and cotton are drying which have just
been dyed in splendid colours.
The chief of the laboratory is at his
desk examining the results of the ana-
lyses. It is he who gives the verdict:
?Passed for export.?
Output in this branch of our chemical
industry is continually increasing.
1955 production was two and a half
times that of 1950.
Rumania now turns put a great vari-
ety of direct, basic, acid and sulphur-
ous dyestuffs which have yielded ex-
cellent results.
The quality of the dyestuffs deli-
vered to countries such as the Chinese
People' s -Republic, Egypt, Lebanon.
Syria and Turkey has been highly ap-
preciated by importing companies.
The continual development of this
sector of our chemical industry is a
guarantee that our country will be
able sensibly to step up supplies to
customers abroad.
A Young Offspring of the
Rumanian Economy
P' you happen logo
to Cluj on business
and desire to visit some
91 its factories and
plants, you will find a
brand new plateau ixed
on the gaits' of one of
them? a plate as new
as the factory of which
it indicates the name:
?Carbochim.?
A new building, new,
up- to- date equipment.
Workers, ?proud of
their place of work?
gladly show you a-
round the factory
grounds. Looking at the
factory your eyes are
first arrested by a
gigantic,many-storeyed
tower. Our guide tells
us that it is there that
the oil coke is selected.
This coke which is the
main raw material
used by the factory is
abundantly supplied
by our oil-field indus-
try. On their way from
this tower the grains of
coke, sorted according
to size, pass through a
number of phases, being
mixed with various
raw and auxiliary ma-
terials, and turned into
the most diverse pro-
ducts required in indus-
try: silicon carbide
(both black and green),
grinding wheels with
ceramic or rubber bind,
metallurgical anti chlo-
rosodium electrodes,
electrode and anodic
mass of the Soderberg
type, etc, etc.
Although a young
industrial unit, gCar-
bochim? turns out pro-
ducts which are known
not only in the home
market but also in dif-
ferent foreign markets
?theBulgariati,Swiss,
Finnish, Hungarian
and others. The experts
who have visited the
Rumanian pavilions at
the international sam-
ple fairs speak higily
of the quality of the
abrasives and electro-
conductible materials
for electro-chemistry,
the labels of which
bear the ?Carbochim?
trade mark.
What impresses most
in this young unit of
Rumanian industry is
the permanent concern
bestowed on quality
control. A laboratory
equipped with the most
up-to-date apparatuses
carries on permanent
quality control. Tech-
nicians who have acquir-
ed a wide experience
abroad arc employed
here. Until a lew years
ago Rumania had no
factory for abrasives
and electro-conductible
materials. The chemi-
cal analysis of every
production stage, the
checking of sizes, the
perfect coupling of elec-
trodes and wrenches,
the establishing of static
disequiltbrum, checking
of resistance to the cen-
trifugal pump, optic
examination, checking
of hardness,sound check
up are only a few of
the many tests the pro-
ducts turned out by the
factory undergo, each
according to its charac-
teristics. The stamp
?Technical Control?
applied to each of the
checked poducts is a
guarantee of quality ?
an excellent guarantee
to any customer.
Every year the young
Cluj factory is fur-
ther extended. New
sections are set up, the
production capacity of
the existing ones is
widened, an increasing
number of products are
being turned out. The
factory is thus perma-
nently expanding and,
in step with the conti-
nual increase in its
production and in the
range of products, the
export capacity of our
country as concerns
abrasive and electro-
conductible material
for electro-chemistry is
also increasing.
- ?
femur
- mraintrar..?
? Agri.?
. ?14111W;
?
#illtvgy, r 11/4
FACTORY OF
ANTIBIOTICS IN
JASSY REGION
T HE big factory
1 producing penicil-
lin and other anti-
biotics in Jassy region
is one of the latest
achievements of our
chemical industry.
Commissioned in De-
cember 1955, this
penicillin factory turns
out large quantities
of excellent antibio-
tics in excess of home
requirements, which
are in great demand
abroad.
N the heart of Transylvania lies a dis-
t trict on which nature has lavished both
beauty and wealth. It is here that
the Rumanian Carbon Black industry
and other industries producing chemical
products out of dry gas have. developed.
Up to 1952 there were in the vicinity
of the dry gas deposits a number of fac-
tories which produced iCarhomet* car-
bon black after the canal method and
?Metanexa carbon black after the dis-
sociation method
As the demands of the industries
consuming carbon black at home and
abroad were increasing apace both as
concerns quantity and quality, the
existing installations proved inadequate
to cope with them.
Our researchers, technicians and
builders have, however, succeeded in set-
tling this problem. In 1952 a number of
up-to-dato.outfitswere put into commis-
sion and now turn nut 'Furnace. carbon
black, a quality greatly appreciated and
sought for.
The 'Furnace, type carbon black
is extracted from natural gas which
is burnt in horizontal furnaces at a
determined pressure Strictly checked
quantities of dry gas and air are intro-
duced into a special burning device.
The proportion of air is always such
that the gas is incompletely burnt
Part of the gas introduced into the furnace
burns.and the other dissociates into hydro-
gen and carbon, that is carbon black
The carbon black thus obtained passes,
together with the exhaust gas. through
the activator - a lone. specially ?lined
pipe. This pipe maintains the crirbon
black at a high temperature -
The gas and carbon black then pass
through a refrigerator in, which p:ul-
verizeil water is introduced mid "ttib-
sequently through an elestrk
the latter. due to 100:bigb froztIm..11cYZ-
current, the carbon "britoVis :sepicrat417.-:
according' elec. trolles a,nufn,4":
her of conveyors take.!1kto4lie
machines.
An ii0ortant,!,payt,:.4aMhety..lat
b 1 ac k.,p 184i 7. t
prettily isc.ii-rli4pleVicath6Bp1 4;2 041.,..2-1,
tl!e`,* 4:01;:;rn 41i'd 41) tot
VS,1:03r- `f5
A.17
tA".1:s3/P'i
7.1 .
'?:`""
for obtainingthis carbon black are the
Thousands of bulb burners burn in
these furnaces. Their flame is regulated
to deposit the carbon black on a surface
whence it is automatically collected and
conveyed away.
The semi-active eMotanext carbon
black factory applies the dissociation
method. The main means used in this
factory are cracking furnaces, filters
and refrigerators.
Through the methods mentioned
above three types of carbon black are
produced: the Furnace type, the Car-
hornet typo after the canal method, the
nMiecttahdnoox. typo after the dissociation
hod
furnace alacnatarbgeson. black affords the
following
1 Reduced specific. volume thanks
to which It is easily absorbed. by the the
mixture,
mass during preparation or e
mixture, and can be stored in limited
pa
2. Reduced humidity varying between
narrow limits. Furnace carbon black is
not hydroscopic.
3. Reduced contents of volatile matters
and oxygen. The rubber prepared with
thistypeof carbonblack is rapidly vul-
canized and is resistant to wear.
4. Through processing the particles of
carbon black achieve a linked structure,
and concurrently great reinforcing power.
These advantages have been highly
appreciated by the rubber industries at
home and abroad as they yield excellent
results when used on a large lento.
Carbomet carbon black after the
canal iiiothrid Is kbighly active product
unlike. 'th'etMctaflCx carbon black of
the. d tygirib icii% a sem i-
activezpiod.tiftiZ4t1:-..4.4..1.%:.:kc:
Ruidahlan!'earbbnAtc3cgkields excel-
lent riigul0" na-
.?Lii,c:14.t.11:114d
l....covers'arA !Titan J;';riiblierifiaiittear,
; cayastiolesitekrivpy-
.Tlits:AlrLikniirn r.wrod_ii a rizis;/. nidreovsk
1)2iriarsTe:kale;lii'the'fahrliatitin.ofl
af
_
? ? "
,
gki
and paints, coals for electric batteries,
insulating materials, photography plates,
and safety masks against toxic gas.
The high quality of these products which
have with good reason asserted them-
selves in the international market have
Induced many industries abroad to use
them in their production process.
In recent times, the Rumanian People's
Republic has exported considerable
quantities of carbon black in excess of
home requirements to the U.S.S.R.,
France. the Czechoslovak Republic, the
Ilunprian People's Republic, Britain,
the Polish People's Republic, Belgium.
the People's Republic of Bulgaria, the
Chinese People's Republic, Turkey,
Austria and other countries.
COMPLEX
RUBBER WORKS
Agreat unit of ourtight
industry? nconiplex
rubber works? is be-
ing built in the vicinity
of Bucharest. This modern
unit will include a plant
for the manufacturing of
technical rubber articles,
one for the manufactur-
ing of rubber footwear
and another for regene-
rating rubber
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
?
?
Air
"
TRIM Y magnificent are Rumania' s forests!
Ago old, they cover her mountains nearly
up to the peaks. And these forests are an
immense source of wealth to the country They
provide every kind of timber the various species
of which lend themselves to the most diverse
forms of processing The fame of Rumanian
timber products is of long standing, these pro-
ducts being highly appreciated in the most dis-
tant countries.
Rumanian timber erstwhile proud trees in
ancient foresLs (1) covers a long and adventur-
ous path before it is turned into furniture,
sports boats, barrels and cases or many other
valuable products
The modern, IlleChalli7C11 means now pene-
trate to the very heart of the forests. The proud
and vigorous trees are felled by means of elec-
tric frame-saws (2) after which the powerful
KT tractors 'get down to work (3).
The felled logs are taken to the farther end
of the rope-way.
From here they continue their way through
the air (4). In an end le.ss line the logs are car-
ried down the valley towards swift rivers,
where they are skilfully fitted into long
rafLs.
Practized raftsmen pilot them down the valley
on swift and perilous streams (5).
The logs are shaped and turned into boards
at a complex timber yard (6).
The range of producLs supplied by Rumanian
timber industry is a wide one. Timber of every
kind and every quality, plywood, veneer, block-
boards, and oven the complicated gliders are
exported by our industry. The photos below
show a workshop where gliders are turned out
(7) and a veneer warehouse (8).
A Large Unit of Rumania's Forestry Industry:
Complex Timber Yards
7-11IE immense source of wealth which is
.1 Rumania's forests has been well known for
a long time. Already centuries ago the proud
fir-trees of the Dicaz. forests were in great
demand both in the Middle East and the West-
ern markets being especially used in the
making of masts for sailing ships. Indeed our
timber industry has an old tradition as con-
cerns trade exchanges with foreign countries.
In recent years, Rumania's national eco-
nomy has been laid on new foundations, con-
ditions being created which have made it pos-
sible to put an end to the merciless felling of
forests on the one hand, while, due to rational
exploitation, the timber industry has been
given a considerable impetus and now turns
Partial view of the Vaduri Complex
Timber Yards
'10
set a wide range of semi-finished and finish-
ed timber products.
Within the framework of the development
of timber industry and among the many
newly built timber yards, the Vaduri Com-
plex Timber Yards which include diverse
industrial outfits of great complexity certainly
play a main part
Built on the banks of the river Distrito in
the pass dividing the Tarcdu Afontains from
the forest-clad Bisericani mountain range,
the Vaduri Complex Timber Yards are among
the most up-to-date and most completely me-
chanized Rumanian units of this kind. The
yards boast every kind of outfit, front con-
veyors which take the logs that come down the
river Distrito through all the manufacturing
processes, to frame saws, machines for manu-
facturing cases and so forth It is to be noted
that the cases are of careful execution As
they can be used for packing citrus fruit,
they are in great demand in most countries
where such fruit is grown.
But the Vaduri CoMpler Timber Yards
mainly take pride in their high quality tim-
ber. Piles of timber are waiting to be dis-
patched to the remotest corners of the world
for orders 'keep pouring in from those who
know and appreciate the quality of this tim-
ber. Thanks to their favourable location ?
in chse proximity to wooded mountain ran-
ges ? , as well as to the fact that most of the
work is carried out by means of high produc-
tivity machines, the production capacity of
the yards is extremely great
And we must not forget to mention the great
enthusiasm of the workers?a potent factor in
the production of a good quality output ?
which is due to the exceptional working and
living conditions ._created for these workers
by the state. The modern, well-appointed and
comfortably furnished canteen, the net;'
townlet built for the workers and technicians
of the yard at the very foot of the mountain?a
townlet whose neat little houses arrest the eyes
of -all travellers on their way to Bicaz?the
Palace of Culture with its big theatre, li-
brary, chess and lecture halls and everything
else needed for 'an intensive cultural life,
the well-provided stores close to the yards are
all, a great stimulus to the workers.
From the high mountain peaks, as far as
Brosteni and the Ceahldu, numerous rafts
continually arrive on the foaming miters of
the river Distrito. Concurrently trains come,
carrying raw material, that is the barked
logs. After unloading, they continue their
way, loaded with finished products. The
process is a simple one and probably similar
to that carried on in all mechanized Limber
yards. Huge electric frame saws which have
superseded the axes fell the trees. Conveyors
carry them up a not very steep incline to the
halls of the saw mill whence the logs which
have been cut into timber of different dimen-
sions, either for construction purposes or for
the manufacturing of furniture and other pro-
ducts are taken, also by conveyors, to the
warehouses where they are sorted and
stacked, waiting to be dispatched.
The Vaduri Complex Timber Yards are pro-
vided with outfits which can turn great quan-
tities of timber into cases or into other timber
products. An important fact is also the me-
chanization of work in.the forests. The electric
frame-saws, the thousands of tractors used
for transport constantly and abundantly
supply the Vaduri complex timber yards
with the necessary raw material
But the Vaduri timber yards are not the
only unit of this kind in Rumania.Big forestry
units have been developed or been set up
in recent years in the vicinity of the wooded
mountains of Bucovina, North Moldavia,
Transylvania and Oltenia.
Rumanian timber and timber products have
found markets in numerous' countries such as
Egypt, Great. Britain. Turkey, Lebanon,
Italy, Greece, etc.
The interest shown by importers of timber
and timber products in these highly valued
Rumanian good; is constantly increasing
in vier more countries
t'?
PROGRESS OF RUMANIAN FURNITURE
INDUSTRY
RUMANIA'S long established fur-
niture industry is based on her
rich resources of timber of every j
species. For many years a great many
foreign furniture factories had used
as raw material the high quality
Limber supplied by Rumanian forests,
though many foreign customers have
also been purchasing furniture from
Rumania. This is due to the great
skill of Rumanian cabinet, makers
who turn out comfortable and prac-
tical furniture of great resistance
and pleasant aspect.
In step with the entire develop-
ment of timber industry during the
First Five-Year Plan, furniture in-
dustry, too, has achieved great pro-
gress in the last five years. The fur-
niture stores in Bucharest, Tirgu
Mures, Arad as well as in other Ru-
manian towns, big and small, exhibit
a wide range of settees, wardrobes,
tables or complete suites, more parti-
cularly bed-sitting-room and bed-
room suites of the most varied types.
The tLibertateas factory of Cluj,
erected in the years following World
War II, is certainly among the most
important furniture producing units
of our country.
The entire equipment of the fac-
tory is most up-to-data as are also
the methods used
?
Above: Shot of the.
? furniture factory
? Middle: Grinding
machine and view.,
of the polishing,',
" section. Left,: In the '
finishing section
,t;
Inside the factory, trucks run without cessation on the narrow-gauge line. The
operatives continually convey to the warehouses splendid limo blackboards, just dispatched by
the sPanelul* unit of Bucharest, or fine plywood delivered by tholactories of Deta or Gugesti.
Important quantities of plywood made out of old walnut trees ? the most expensive and
most highly sought after plywood ? keep arriving. They enable the workers to turn out both
for the home market and for export furniture or an artistic design which 'can compete. .
with any'similar foreign product. .
Cabinet makers c: note 'vie with one another in making ever finer furniture of, an
eleirq.D.! and harmonious outline, executed with great skill
other Rumanian furniture factories, struggle to keep up the prestige of the smarkr of
?lie workers and technicians of this factory like the workers and technicians in all
furniture Is
..
_
thAeltfhaocutgohrya awndideacrhaingevee eafrtifsetri workmanship. being
turned out, the manufacturing is now
envisaged of new, finer and still more practical types in 1956, ? furniture which will comply.
with the refined and varied taste of the buyers of furniture of Riimanian.make:--
.
11
'
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
?
?
Air
"
TRIM Y magnificent are Rumania' s forests!
Ago old, they cover her mountains nearly
up to the peaks. And these forests are an
immense source of wealth to the country They
provide every kind of timber the various species
of which lend themselves to the most diverse
forms of processing The fame of Rumanian
timber products is of long standing, these pro-
ducts being highly appreciated in the most dis-
tant countries.
Rumanian timber erstwhile proud trees in
ancient foresLs (1) covers a long and adventur-
ous path before it is turned into furniture,
sports boats, barrels and cases or many other
valuable products
The modern, IlleChalli7C11 means now pene-
trate to the very heart of the forests. The proud
and vigorous trees are felled by means of elec-
tric frame-saws (2) after which the powerful
KT tractors 'get down to work (3).
The felled logs are taken to the farther end
of the rope-way.
From here they continue their way through
the air (4). In an end le.ss line the logs are car-
ried down the valley towards swift rivers,
where they are skilfully fitted into long
rafLs.
Practized raftsmen pilot them down the valley
on swift and perilous streams (5).
The logs are shaped and turned into boards
at a complex timber yard (6).
The range of producLs supplied by Rumanian
timber industry is a wide one. Timber of every
kind and every quality, plywood, veneer, block-
boards, and oven the complicated gliders are
exported by our industry. The photos below
show a workshop where gliders are turned out
(7) and a veneer warehouse (8).
A Large Unit of Rumania's Forestry Industry:
Complex Timber Yards
7-11IE immense source of wealth which is
.1 Rumania's forests has been well known for
a long time. Already centuries ago the proud
fir-trees of the Dicaz. forests were in great
demand both in the Middle East and the West-
ern markets being especially used in the
making of masts for sailing ships. Indeed our
timber industry has an old tradition as con-
cerns trade exchanges with foreign countries.
In recent years, Rumania's national eco-
nomy has been laid on new foundations, con-
ditions being created which have made it pos-
sible to put an end to the merciless felling of
forests on the one hand, while, due to rational
exploitation, the timber industry has been
given a considerable impetus and now turns
Partial view of the Vaduri Complex
Timber Yards
'10
set a wide range of semi-finished and finish-
ed timber products.
Within the framework of the development
of timber industry and among the many
newly built timber yards, the Vaduri Com-
plex Timber Yards which include diverse
industrial outfits of great complexity certainly
play a main part
Built on the banks of the river Distrito in
the pass dividing the Tarcdu Afontains from
the forest-clad Bisericani mountain range,
the Vaduri Complex Timber Yards are among
the most up-to-date and most completely me-
chanized Rumanian units of this kind. The
yards boast every kind of outfit, front con-
veyors which take the logs that come down the
river Distrito through all the manufacturing
processes, to frame saws, machines for manu-
facturing cases and so forth It is to be noted
that the cases are of careful execution As
they can be used for packing citrus fruit,
they are in great demand in most countries
where such fruit is grown.
But the Vaduri CoMpler Timber Yards
mainly take pride in their high quality tim-
ber. Piles of timber are waiting to be dis-
patched to the remotest corners of the world
for orders 'keep pouring in from those who
know and appreciate the quality of this tim-
ber. Thanks to their favourable location ?
in chse proximity to wooded mountain ran-
ges ? , as well as to the fact that most of the
work is carried out by means of high produc-
tivity machines, the production capacity of
the yards is extremely great
And we must not forget to mention the great
enthusiasm of the workers?a potent factor in
the production of a good quality output ?
which is due to the exceptional working and
living conditions ._created for these workers
by the state. The modern, well-appointed and
comfortably furnished canteen, the net;'
townlet built for the workers and technicians
of the yard at the very foot of the mountain?a
townlet whose neat little houses arrest the eyes
of -all travellers on their way to Bicaz?the
Palace of Culture with its big theatre, li-
brary, chess and lecture halls and everything
else needed for 'an intensive cultural life,
the well-provided stores close to the yards are
all, a great stimulus to the workers.
From the high mountain peaks, as far as
Brosteni and the Ceahldu, numerous rafts
continually arrive on the foaming miters of
the river Distrito. Concurrently trains come,
carrying raw material, that is the barked
logs. After unloading, they continue their
way, loaded with finished products. The
process is a simple one and probably similar
to that carried on in all mechanized Limber
yards. Huge electric frame saws which have
superseded the axes fell the trees. Conveyors
carry them up a not very steep incline to the
halls of the saw mill whence the logs which
have been cut into timber of different dimen-
sions, either for construction purposes or for
the manufacturing of furniture and other pro-
ducts are taken, also by conveyors, to the
warehouses where they are sorted and
stacked, waiting to be dispatched.
The Vaduri Complex Timber Yards are pro-
vided with outfits which can turn great quan-
tities of timber into cases or into other timber
products. An important fact is also the me-
chanization of work in.the forests. The electric
frame-saws, the thousands of tractors used
for transport constantly and abundantly
supply the Vaduri complex timber yards
with the necessary raw material
But the Vaduri timber yards are not the
only unit of this kind in Rumania.Big forestry
units have been developed or been set up
in recent years in the vicinity of the wooded
mountains of Bucovina, North Moldavia,
Transylvania and Oltenia.
Rumanian timber and timber products have
found markets in numerous' countries such as
Egypt, Great. Britain. Turkey, Lebanon,
Italy, Greece, etc.
The interest shown by importers of timber
and timber products in these highly valued
Rumanian good; is constantly increasing
in vier more countries
t'?
PROGRESS OF RUMANIAN FURNITURE
INDUSTRY
RUMANIA'S long established fur-
niture industry is based on her
rich resources of timber of every j
species. For many years a great many
foreign furniture factories had used
as raw material the high quality
Limber supplied by Rumanian forests,
though many foreign customers have
also been purchasing furniture from
Rumania. This is due to the great
skill of Rumanian cabinet, makers
who turn out comfortable and prac-
tical furniture of great resistance
and pleasant aspect.
In step with the entire develop-
ment of timber industry during the
First Five-Year Plan, furniture in-
dustry, too, has achieved great pro-
gress in the last five years. The fur-
niture stores in Bucharest, Tirgu
Mures, Arad as well as in other Ru-
manian towns, big and small, exhibit
a wide range of settees, wardrobes,
tables or complete suites, more parti-
cularly bed-sitting-room and bed-
room suites of the most varied types.
The tLibertateas factory of Cluj,
erected in the years following World
War II, is certainly among the most
important furniture producing units
of our country.
The entire equipment of the fac-
tory is most up-to-data as are also
the methods used
?
Above: Shot of the.
? furniture factory
? Middle: Grinding
machine and view.,
of the polishing,',
" section. Left,: In the '
finishing section
,t;
Inside the factory, trucks run without cessation on the narrow-gauge line. The
operatives continually convey to the warehouses splendid limo blackboards, just dispatched by
the sPanelul* unit of Bucharest, or fine plywood delivered by tholactories of Deta or Gugesti.
Important quantities of plywood made out of old walnut trees ? the most expensive and
most highly sought after plywood ? keep arriving. They enable the workers to turn out both
for the home market and for export furniture or an artistic design which 'can compete. .
with any'similar foreign product. .
Cabinet makers c: note 'vie with one another in making ever finer furniture of, an
eleirq.D.! and harmonious outline, executed with great skill
other Rumanian furniture factories, struggle to keep up the prestige of the smarkr of
?lie workers and technicians of this factory like the workers and technicians in all
furniture Is
..
_
thAeltfhaocutgohrya awndideacrhaingevee eafrtifsetri workmanship. being
turned out, the manufacturing is now
envisaged of new, finer and still more practical types in 1956, ? furniture which will comply.
with the refined and varied taste of the buyers of furniture of Riimanian.make:--
.
11
'
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?
: .
13 :3
co:
43. !!"-? .:t
ta
? .
p 1101
'LIM Mr.
eitLq ?
ASTI OTigif
d)
sa..1q1iple
Woo 41P ?
r:11;411,5,1*1 I
du. #00
eler41a....14,1
.1
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Ftt
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'?INDUSTRIALEXPORT?
BUCHA REST, Sir. GABRIEL PERI No. 2 ; CABLES:
? aINDEXPOND) ? BUCHAREST; PHONE: 4.97.44 ? 5.16.09
p* 4
I
/MP 0 T
aSupereasnicab sewing-machine
1200 HP tug-boat
50 m3 tank car
Self-discharging ore truck
Type LMK-2 Diesel mine locomotive
Covered two axle truck of 25 tons
BUCHAREST, Sir. MIHAIL EMINESCU No. 10, CABLES: 4,MASINIMPORTs
? BUCHAREST; PHONE: 2.65.20
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Samples of ornamental window
glass for building*purposes
Grinding wheel with ceramic hr'
A passenger airliner being re-
fuelled
i
te/0101..
BUCHAREST, Sty. BURSEI No. 2. CABLES:1:
4CTITAIIMPORTs?BUCHAREST. PHONE. 6.06.36
BUCHAREST, Bd. 6 MARTIE No. 42. CABLES:
ePETROLEXPOWN ? BUCHAREST. PHONE:
5.70.17.
RPR
ROMANOEXPORT
. ?
BUCHAREST, PIATA ROSETTI No. 4. CABLES:
eROMANpIPORT, ? BUCHAREST. PHONE:
4.35.96 ? Kt1.85
?
"-_
? .fr
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-
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Excellent Rumanian
caviar
x
.155016.011
Cheese
Stewed fruit
Meat ? fresh, frozen and canned
BUCHAREST, Str. GABRIEL PERI No, 5-7.CABLES: aPRODEXPORT* ? BUCHAREST, PHONE. 6.30.57
A field of medicinal herbs
18
BUCHAREST, Str. 13 DECEMBRIE No. 5-7. CABLES: gAGROEXPORTs ? BUCHAREST. PHONE 6.10.81
_
iF
.4
Liege Tiilover;ats
and coats made of
white titbit* cloth,
with rod, black and
green embroidery.
This fine and soft
cloth is hand wov-
en.
Summer dresses
embroidered with
Rumanian national
designs in red and
black are made of
a fine and light fa-
bric hand woven
out of mercerized
cotton. Finished
and semi-finished
garments are sup-
plied upon request.
" Children's frocks are made in five
sizes (for the age of five to ten). The
frocks are of a thin fabric woven out
of crepe cotton yarn Benett 200/2
or mercerized cotton yarn 100/2 and
are hand embroidered with Ruman-
ian designs.
Lovely evening dresses are made
of a Rumanian gauze-like fabric hand
woven out of pure silk yarn. The fa-
brics display Rumanian designs.
Lengths of gauze are delivered upon
request.
BUCHAREST, Sir. ARISTIDE BRIAND, No, 14-18. CABLES: ?CARTIMEk) ?BUCHAREST. PHONE: 5.96.49
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?
OF GREAT CAPACITY
?rile Rumanian People's Republic
considers international lairs as an
excellent means for contacting the
business representatives of foreign coun-
tries with a view to extending inter-
national trade.
The number of lairs in which our
country participates is increasing year
by year. In 1955 Rumania partici-
peed in .5 lairs and in 1956 she is
to take part. in ten international
lays.
On four axles (two bogies) ? Of modern construction )tos
comfortable ?Provided with 4 motors
Gauge 1,435 min
Total length between buffer faces . 14,800 min
Width of carriage 2,294 nini
Distance between bogie centre pins 6,010 min
Seats ..... . . . . ? . 22
Serviceable surface . . 17.5 in,
Maximum speed 55 km/h
Dead weight 17.4 t
EXPORTED BY
?MASINIMF'ORT?
BUCHAREST, Str. Armin, EMINESCU No. 10
CABLES- ?MASINIMPOR71 ? ? BUCHAREST
PlIONE? 2.65.20
'lit, oil derrick exhibited at the
955 New Delhi fair arrested the at-
?ntion of the numerous visitors to
...e fair. Our photo shows the Indian
'remier Jawaharlal Nehru examining
the derrick.
BUCHAREST, Str. BURSE! No. 2. CABLES
sCHIMIMPORTs?BUCHAREST. PHONE 6.06.36
accepts and promptly carrtes out orders for
the following soda products.
? Caustic soda, minimum concentration 96%
? Soda-ash, minimum concentration 98%
? Refined sodium bicarbonate
? Solid sodium silicate (neutral)
? Solid sodium silicate (alkaline)
At the Leipzig fair the machine-tools turned out by our eng'-
neering industry aroused great interest among the visitors. An
expert supplied any information required.
The stand displaying Rumanian foodstuffs at Leipzig also
drew a great many visitors. This was due to the great variety
and abundance of the exhibits
Solvents for the foodstuff, chemical and
pharmaceutical industries.
Unaffected by the dissolved substances and
ricoverable from the extracted material
SUPPLIED BY
RPR
PETROLEXPORT
At the Izmir fair the Ru-
manian People's Republic
displayed a 'aide range
of high productivity lathes ?
turned out by the al. Rhn-
gbeta 'Works of Arad.
BU I1D WI EN I has in recent. years won
recognition not only in our country but
also in the remotest corners of the world.
The ever increasing fame of Burdujeni
Is duo to the setting up of the ,Prodaliment,
Complex Factory, one of the most up-to-date
of its kind in this jinn of Europe, which
turns out the most, diverse kinds of canned
and smoked meat products suchassausages
of every type, hem, black pudding, bacon,
pate, Vienna sausages, smoked meat and
many other products.
To begin with, our guide who knows the
factory inside out took us to some neigh-
bouring villages where, as he told us, the
.raw material, is produced.
And so hero we are in the village of Br5-
esti, the zootechnical unit of the ,Prodall-
ment, Complex Factory. This up-to-date
unit, breeds only sows am! boars of the
?Big White* breed. To ensure purity of
stock, the other zootechnical units of the
Burdujeni complex factory have been sup-
plied from the very first with theoBig White*
breed obtained here.
Here we are at the Burdujeni oProdrili-
ment, Complex Factory of which we had
a glimpse a few minutes ago from the Adin-
cats hill. Still under the impression of the
splendid view of the factory buildings
from the top of the hill, we enter its halls
where the excellent, first impression is
heightened by the ultra-modern equipment.
'Everything in our factory is niechanized,*
our guide continues his explanations:
?froin the very first stage to the packing
and loading of the goods.*
And you are made fully aware of this
when visiting the section where the pigs
are slaughtered, which operation as well
as the skinning are also carried out by
mechanical means, ? slaughtering by knife
being avoided: or when wandering through
the sections where the meat is prepared
packed. dispatched, etc.
The range of products is increasing
steadily. Two years ago only
6 kinds of sausages where turned
out while now their number has
been increased to nearly 40. The
workers of the ?Prodaliment, Corn-
plex Factory have started turn.
ing out frozen pate which can be
preserved oven in summer, as well
as special ham, etc.
Good quality is the main con-
cern of the engineers, technicians,
and workers of the factory. The
? Proda 1 iment, Burdu jeni trade mark
become famous for the excellent
quality of its products. And it is
the ambition of all those employed
in the factory that this fame
shall be continually enhanced
and extended and the products
he ever more sought for. That.
is why a close, permanent check
up is effected in all stages of
manufacturing beginning with the
raw material to end with the
finished product. The checking,
aim?' at. ensuring first quality, is
carried out. by sanitary-veteri-
nary personnel and by a commis-
sion the task of which consists
in technical quality control.
Modern technical testing means and phy-
sico-chemical laboratories ensure efficient
control.
The 4Prodaliment*-Burdujoni trade
mark possesses every means for achieving
world fame. The products bearing this
mark are already much sought after. Ever
greater quantities of savoury, well packed,
tempting products are daily dispatched
from this .food industry town,* to the
credit of the technicians, engineers and
workers of the aProdallmenta Complex
Factory of Burdujeni.
The ,Prodaliments-Burdujeni Complex
Factory is only one of the many units of
this kind in Rumania. Rumanian foodstuff
industry as a whole and foodstuff industry
using animal products in particular have
been on the upswing in rccent years. Rumanian
food industry now turns out three times
more products than in the years prior to
World War II.
And these figures are continually increas-
ing. Two new canned meat factories were
commisioned in 1055. Moreover six modern
pig breeding farms have been set up with
a capacity of over 35,000 head.
Concurrently the old factories are being
fitted out with new, modern equipment,
and their production capacity is being ex-
tended. Due to the new equipment and the
setting up of new sections, the production
capacity of the Bucharest Mistretul saus-
age and canned meat factory has been greatly
increased. And the same applies to the
Pandurul factory of Craiova and to the
Gloria factory of Tirgu Mures.
Rumanian food industry is speciallycon-
corned with the quality, range and aspect
of its products, which are adequately packed
by means of modern machines and can be
preserved for long. The variety, quality
and aspect of the products turned out by
Rumanian food industry have earned them
high appreciation in foreign countries where
they are greatly sought for.
IIE raising and marketing
of poultry, a main pursuit
with our farmers. is now
also the concern of the state
which actively promotes and
supports the development of
this branch of our economy.
Big poultry farms have been
set up in different parts of the
country, to supply both the
home and foreign markets.
The fowls designed for export
are fattened in big industrial
units specially equipped for
the purpose.
Such is the farm of Salonta
of which a few photos are shown
here.
In Salonta alone more than
1,500,000 geese and ducks and
upwards of 5,000,000 chickens
are fattened annually.
Special pens have been set
up on this farm for the fattening
of geese, as fresh goose liver
is an important export item.
Salonta possesses one of the
biggest slaughter houses and
refrigeration facilities for poul-
try In the country.
Bucharest, Bd. 6 Martie No 42
Cables- sPetrolexport, -Bucharest
THE CENTRE OF FILM
DISTRIBUTION
GREAT CANNED
FISH FACTORY AT
TULCEA
LATE last year one of the
biggest units of Rumanian
foodstuff industry was com-
missioned at Tulcea.
Provided with machines of a
high technical level and hawing
a great production capacity,
this new factory of canned fish
and semi-prepared fish products
uses a highly technical and
most modern manufacturing
process, turning out high qual-
ity products.
The commissioning of this
new unit ? one of the biggest
of its kind in Europe ? has
considerably increased ? the
export possibilities of the
Rumanian People's Republic.
are supplied' by
BUCHAREST, Str. JULIUS FUCRI
No. 25
CABLES: ?DIFILM? ? BUCHAREST
EXPORTS:'
Full and short length feature films,
documentaries and cartoons produced by
the Rumanian studios.
Reference material and any other
information is supplied on request.
IMPORTS.
Foreign films and documentaries.
it the Djakarta fair the fire pumps exhibited by Chemicals exhibited by the ?Chimimportm For-
the alndustrialexport? company won recognition. eign Trade Company at the Zagreb fair.
PRO DEXPORT
BUCHAREST, STR. GABRIEL PERI No. 5-7
CABLES: ?PRODEXPORT, ? BUCHAREST
. PHONE: 6.30.57
LIVE CRAYFISH (Leptodactylus)
packed in melt-aired cases of 10 kg net weight
lined with mood shavings
Weight of crayfish : from 20 gr on
LIVE FROGS. (Rana Esculanta)
packed in welt-aired cases 7-10 kg, each case
containing 60 to 100 frogs arranged on a layer
of reed. Weight'of frog: front 80 gr on
Opening of Rumanian pavilion at the Plovdiv
? fair.
The manager of the Vietnamese pavilion at tile
Plovdiv fair is visiting the handicraft exhibi-
tion in the Rumanian pavilion.
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RUMANIA-A GREAT PRODUCER OF
CEMENT
El'Ell larger quantities of Rumanian cement
have been supplied to foreign countries in
recent times, this product being highly appreci
ated in the international market for its superior
quality in keeping with the best international
standards.
The London all. Stanger* analysis labora-
tory has certified Rumanian Portland cement to
be up to the British standards, while certain cus-
tomers have shown that Rumanian cement is
appreciated and often preferred to the cement of
other countries.
The aRomanoexport* Company receives ever
more enquiries for Rumanian cement from coun-
tries on all continents. Important quantities have
so far been supplied to the Near and Middle East.
While these exports amounted to 133,000 tons
in 1954, they reached 460,000 tons in the. first
ten months of 1955.
Today Rumania is one of the great European
suppliers of cement. Sacks bearing the inscription
?Rumanian Portland Cement, as per BSSI1947s.
are well known in the remotest corners of the world.
Ships loaded with Rumanian cement in ever greater
numbers put into remote ports such as Djibuti,
Massauah, Port Sudan, Djeddah, Djakarta,
Surabaya, Makassar, Palembang and even into
the ports of remote Argentina in the other hemi-
sphere.
The increase in Rumanian exports of this
commodity was rendered possible thanks to the
development of the country's cement industry.
The building of new cement mills has gone a long
way towards stepping up Rumania's cement out-
put. From 1913 to 1953 alone, that is in the lapse
of five years, 16 new cement mills were commis-
sioned, producing as much cement as the 21 mills
it took old Rumania 36 years to build in pre-war
days. The new cement milts are equipped with
up-to-date rotary kilns built within the country
as is also the entire equipment, from the most
insignificant to the biggest machine parts. More
than 70 per cent of the excavation work required
for extracting the raw material has been mechan-
ized,while its transport as well as that of the finish-
ed product is entirely mechanised. The cement
mills built in Rumania in recent years are up
So the level of modern technique.
Up-to-date equipment in the mills and an
increased production capacity have facilitated the
creation of diverse kinds of cement, the quality
of which Is in accordance with the purpose they
are designed for. Rumanian industry now pro-
duces Portland cement 300, 400 and 500 which
due to their high stality are successfully used in
construction work The great comtructions raised
in the Rumanian People's Republic -the aScin-
tele Houses Printing Works, the Opera and Bal-
let Theatre, the al'. I. Lenin* Hydro-Power Sta-
tion as well as many other important buildings
testily to the high quality of Rumanian cement.
Maritime cement highly resistant to sea-water,
oil well cement of high compressive strength,
barrage cement, metallurgical cement, white, col-
oured and other cement are so many successes of
the Rumanian cement industry which ;tin for
this Rumanian product an ever more important
place in the world market.
RUMAIIIA11 PORTLAI1D
CEMENT
in keeping with the
BSS 1211947 standard
supplied by
oROMANOEXP ORD)
Bucharest, Pinta Rosetti No. 4
Phone:4.35 96;5 11,85. Cables:
eltomanoexport? - Bucharest
PACKING:
50 kg 6-ply resistantt, sewn sacks
with valves
Partial view of a recently
built cement mill
(GRAPH SHOWING INCREASE IN PRODUCTION
OF RUMANIAN BUILDING MATERIAL
FROM 1950-1955
IQ:JO
.." .. ;ma a... .....A. ,
.1.1...? MT
.-.-. . .
iliarnisr-atierreari -a. -,' irr ? ...4"--ess .c. ..;., . Am, Iilin7." ra? w ' -
e ?
-4 1 , 1
s;4 Ir. . - ? ?
11.5--?..r? -
:Allirrorz' lgra..iar4. mg. . mu. -.a. .a.....wrwr--.: - .?
r-->-__ IL: _.'" _ ? - 'Ill. . ;'-''' - ?P - iliA4,
. .-.' ?,.... .-..,7,,...le ._
ingif .7?."" -Si
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22
Construction site
for the build-
ingot apartment
houses
IIRATA 411!!
A CENTRE FOR THE MANUFACTURE OF BUILDING GLASS
ARDLY ten years ago, Tirniiveni was a
townlot with dusty streets in summer
and muddy ones on rainy days. Few
houses boasted electric light.
The traveller who happens to stop at Tirn6-
veni nowadays is amazed to see Its straight,
well paved streets and its numerous industrial
units. in short, a modern town.
This change is duo of course to the speedy
economic development of Tirn/Ivoni which
has assumed important proportions in recent
years.
Big Industrial Constructions
The old building-glass factory has under-
gone the same transformation process as the
entire town. The promises of the former Rosia
Montana factory have been rebuilt and great-
ly expanded and altogether now buildings
have been raised close to It. Up-to-date high
productivity equipment has been introduced
in every section, and most operations have been
mechanized.
Drawn window glass is the main product of
the factory. Special installations convey the
glass paste from the melting furnace to the
huge drawing machines. which turn out panes
of impressive size. From here the panes are con-
voyed to a place where they are checked and
cut into the proper size, according to the cus-
tomers' demands, after which they make their
way to the processing or packing sections.
The window panes which have been checked
by the technical control office, have no inclu-
sions, big blisters, sulphate blisters, scratches.
etc
The excellent quality of the drawn glasspro-
duced by the factory lends itself to being pro-
glass, turning it into clear, glossy looking-glas-
ses, without yellow stains or distortions. The
section further produces polished looking-glas-
sesorothers previously adorned with engravings.
The sector manufacturing glassware by the
nesting* system is also of great importance in
the factory. Decorative window glass, ribbed
window glass, wired window glass, opaxit-
rotalit etc. are being turned out after the nest-
ing? system. The furnace in which the paste,
is molted sends to the presses byconveyor-
belt big lumps of incandescent glass which as-
sume the desired shape by pressing. The two-
ducts obtained are subsequently conveyed to
the cooling furnaces which deposits thorn, also
by means of conveyor belts, on the tables where
the checking is carried out and where they
are cut into the proper size.
There is moreover in the TirnAvoni factory
a section where the most varied types of bot-
tles and jars are turned out. This is in fact, the
old Rosie Montan5 factory, which has been equip-
ped with modern automatic and semi-automa-
tic machines. It is hero thatbeer, wineandcham-
pagne bottles are turned out as well as demi-
johns and preserve and pickle jars of the most
different types and sizes. The cooling furnaces
are also automatized.
Special Concern for Quality.
Quality control and observance of contract
conditions are the main concern of the factory
technicians. To this end a modern laboratory
has been set up in the factory, which strictly
checks up every production stage, from the
raw materials introduced in the mixture to
the finished products.
It Is therefore small wonder that the products
Views of a building glass factory
of the Tirn6voni factory should be greatly,
sought for not only in Rumania but also abroad.
Indeed ever increasing quantities of goods produ-
ced by the Tirn6veni factory are delivered to con-
cerns and construction sites in Albania, Saudi
Arabia, Austria, Cyprus, Egypt, Finland, !long-
kong, India, Indonesia, Iran, Italy, Jordan,
Lebanon, Malaya, Pakistan and Turkey among
other countries.
Rut besides cases, the factory warehouse con-
tains quite a number of bales. These are bales
Building glass
of glass wool - another product of the Tirn6-
veni factory, which, like the cases, are pack-
ed ready to leave for the port of Constantza.
In a few days the cases and bales containing
insulating glass material produced in Tirnaveni
will cross the Bosphorus - vivid proof of the
increasing export capacity of our rich homeland
also in this domain.
A long journey abroad
is ahead
ceased into the most diverse assortments.
The factory boasts numerous sections provided
with modern machines which give drawn win-
dow glass different aspects and properties.
An example in point is the section concerned
with the manufacture of smoked and frosted
glass. Another highly appreciated type of
window turned out by the factory is moussel-
ine window glass.
Part of the glass produced in Tirniiveni is
dispatched to the looking-glass. secticin. Here
diligent workers spread silvery lacquer on the
-
11???
BUILDING
MATERIALS
? PORTLAND CE-
MENT BSS; 12/1947
? MECHANICALLY
DRAWN WINDOW
GLASS, ORNA-
MENT, RIBBED,
WIRED, FROSTED
AND MOUSSELINE
WINDOW GLASS,
GLASS WOOL, ETC.
? RUSCHITA AND
MONEASA MARBLE '
? BORSEC AND
DEVA TRAVERTINE
? GYPSUM
? ?ST UCCATIN"
PLASTER (for build-
, ing purposes) AND
ALABASTER PLAS-
TER (for sculpture)
? KISELGUR (raw or
ground
are supplied at con-
venient prices by
RPR
HOMANOEXPORT
BUCHARESLYIATA ROSETTE NO. 4
- CABLES: tROAIANOEX-
PORTs?BUCHAREST
PRONE: 4.35.96
21
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
"
AlL1E1MAL,
THE CITY OF GLASS
IF you cross the widespread Tirnave tableland
to the South-East ? a part of the country
noted in like measure for its choice vineyards
and the dry gas of great purity occurring in
Its depths ? you coma across the nearly intact
battlements of the old citadel of Medias ? a
grand vestige of ancient Limes.
Built centuries ago, this citadel Is not only a
survival of a bygone civilization, it is proof
of man's determination. Indeed a settlement
was erected here, at the foot of the mountains.
surrounded by thick walls to be a barrier in
the way of invaders, a shelter for creative ac-
tivity
Now after the passage of centuries, thevcalls
are of no avail But the Town Council, hacked
by the population, looks after them and con-
solidates them, that it may hand over to the
future generations testimonies of times long
gone by
The settlement Inside these walls is becoming
over more flourishing with every passing day
Anyone returning to the city now after n ten
years' absence would hardly be able to find his
way in it. Broad, well paved streets, flowering
squares, new and elegant buildings, and espe-
cially tall factory chimneys visible from a great
distance meet the visitor's eye. The smoke sent
skywards by these chimneys, of which there are
more and more every year, plainly shows that
an intensive activity is carried on here, and
that Medias citizens spare no effort to increase
their prosperity
No need to rack your brain to know what
Medias factories turn out. Tho bustle of lorries
crossing the streets of the city, loaded with
the most diverse kinds of glassware, the long
rows of trucks at the railway station with a
wineglass painted on them ? the international
sign for consignments of fragile goods and es-
pecially of glassware ? are eloquent enough
Medias, the old citadel, has now become the
acity of glassware.*
having cheap fuel ? dry gas available.
as well as very large deposits of quartz, feld-
spar and marble, a powerful glassware indus-
try yielding an increasing output has developed
at Medias. The existing factories have been
re-equipped and their production capacity great-
ly extended. Besides a new factory is being
built, the capacity of which will exceed several
times the entire glassware production of Me-
dias at present. Those who are going to Media,
to see the splendid sight of an incandescent
paste being turned into a finished product under
the breath of the glass blower will be greatly
disappointed. In the Medias glas,ii.ire factories
the workers are mainly concerned with tending
and supervising automatic and semi-automatic
machines. Conveyors establish the connection
between machines and cooling kilns and be-
tween these kilns and the various finishing sec-
tions (engraving, decoration, etc , etc.)
However, the tradition of hand-made work is
preserved in the finishing sections. where en-
gravers and decorators have handed down
their trade from generation to generation here
we find decorators taught to handle the brush
by their fathers who, carefully guiding their
steps, have made of them artists whose works
now adorn the show-cases of great conoisscurs.
The skill of the Medias engravers and decora-
tors is constantly improved and stimulated by
various competitions of country-wide scope,
to which they contribute with all their talent
and artistic fancy.
Glass Engravers Hand Down Their
Trade from Generation to Generation
It is therefore little wonder that Medias
glassware ? fruit bowls, trays, salad bowls,
butter dishes, sugar basins, preserve dishes
and stewed-fruit bowls, wine, water, tea and
champagne sets, bottles of different forms
and sizes, demijohns, lamp chimneys, kerosene
lamps, chimneys for hurricane lanterns, scent
bottles, hookahs, etc ? has won recognition in
different foreign markets. Many of the products
made at Medias are now being exported to other
countries in Europe as well as to Asia and Afri-
ca. Among the biggest purchasers of Medias
glassware we may cite- Cyprus, Egypt, Indo-
nesia, Irak, Jordan. Kuwait, Turkey, Ilungary
and the U.S.S.R.
With every passing year Medias glassware is
being exported to more and more countries the
world over and, together with this commodity,
the skill and diligence of its creators also be-
comes more and more famous.
I.
77.1 has become an important centre of the Rumanian
N textile industry.
-C-#-.4 I ;.
'? 51e
Visiting the ailloldovav textile mill one meets
only with new, modern and improved equipment.
In the big halls, where the machines are arran-
?, gcd like benches in a school room, the workers look
like dwarfs, rushing to and fro from one end of
the ring frames to the other, speedily changing
the cylinders clad in a thick snowy mantle of
cotton yarn. How splendid are the machines
with which the ailfoldovan textile mill has been
endowed. cotton carding machines, rolling mills.
flyers, ring-fratne.s, automatic looms, etc. Mast of
them have been imported, but quite a ell' have
been produced by our engineering industry.
Talking to an expert. the chief engineer,
???-,?????,
for instance, one obtains valuable information
on the high technique of these machines and espe-
cially on the quality of the products they are
turning out.
aftn the ring-frame sections) ? the chief en-
gineer was telling us gevery single worker
turns out nearly double his scheduled quota dur-
ing his eight hour shift. This is due to the wor-
kers' excellent training but no less to the lunh
technical level of the ring-frames
It is interesting to skim through the files of
the general manager of the mill. They contain
among other things letters from customers
This is for instance what the aTricoul
hosiery and knitwear factory of Arad writes in
part ?
.?!
In a big textile mill
J.
-r?--?
?
A NEW TEXTILE
MILL
pOR decades life in the old town of Botosani,
L sprawling over some hillocks and hills in North
Rumania. has been patriarchal And this lasted
until five years ago. It was then the construction
began here of a great taptile mill?one of the big-
gest in Runiania. From that day on a vivid,
bustling life superseded the former patriarchal
life It took only 21 months to build the mill
and, when completed, it fundamentally changed
life in the old town The heart of the city is now
throbbing vigorously, awakening many lumbering
forces to new life The entire town looks different
Besici the immense well-lighted halls which
arrest the traveller's eye even before the train
enters the station, new houses sprung up, inha-
bited by the technicians and workers employed
at the mill. And thus in five years only Bolosani
a...1Ve are glad to inform you that following
analyses by our technical section, the yarn
supplied by you has proved in accordance with
our requirements and most satisfactory in manu-
facture.
There are many such letters in the files of the
general manager.
The satisfaction expressed in the letters of
different customers of the stAfoldovax, textile
mill is due to the good work carried out by the
diligent employees of the mill. Everyone works
hard to ensure superior quality to all products
bearing the aMoldovas trade mark. Highly
trained engineers and technicians permanently
carry out technical control. The mill moreover
boasts a laboratory for different test,. Every pro-
The laboratory of the aMoldovan Textile Mill
-
duct is scientifically tested before being used by
the mill.
Afore than 100 nal' cotton print designs will
be turned out by the aMoldovav textile mill this
year. The wide range of products and their im-
proved quality is due to the mill's projecting and
designing centre. And the artistic cour;cil set
up in 1951 is also responsible to a large extent for
these achievements. It is the task of this council
continually to raise the artistic quality of the
fabrics made by the slifoldova* textile mill.
In the rail motor that took me back to Buchar-
est a paper of the previous day fell into my
hands. One of the articles in that paper was
devoted to the Rumanian textile industry. els
was now conversant with this problem, 1 skimmed
through the article and was struck by some sig-
nificant data. 1 thus learned that in 1955 the
Rumanian textile industry had produced among
other things over 300 new assortments of cotton
'an: ?
tra?
Another consignment of cloth is leaving the
mill
fabrics, 230 new assortments of silk fabrics,
100 assortments of woollen fabrics and 85 new
models of knitwear.
Howeveyigures are but dry things. Looking at
the windows of inr textile shops one is struck by
the bright colours of the numerous products of the
Rumanian textile industry, which being of high
quality and tasteful workmanship are beginning
to conquer many foreign markets.
A COMPLEX INDUSTRIAL, UNIT FOR FOOTWEAR
MANUFACTURE
ONE of the modern units ma-
nufacturing footwear is the
aKirov? factory, on the out-
skirts of Bucharest on the bank of
the Dimbovita.
Provided with modern equip-
ment of a high technical level
and experts who have for long
been in the trade, the ?Kirov?
factory is a great industrial complex
for the manufacture of footwear
and other leather articles.
Day and night, lorries loaded
with raw hides drive through the
gates of the factory, while others
leave the factory with cases in
which, neatly packed in card-
board boxes, are thousands of
shoes of superior quality.
At present there are two sectors
in the factory. In the mechanized
sector the manufacture of footwear
is achieved on Use conveyor bolt
system, all products being mass
produced, while in the other sector
every operation is effected by
hand with great attention and
minute care. Theshoemakers work-
ing here have had their trade han-
ded down to them from generation
to generation For them the shoe-
maker's trade is an art which
demands great skill and loving
Care.
The designing section is among
the most important in the factory.
It is from here that all the designs
go forth to the manufacturing
sectors. Gifted designers with a
rich fancy aSti colour, stitching
and applied decoration to achieve
designs of a high artistic level
This section is a genuine labo-
ratory where designers cooperate
with expert technicians to create
the models. Careful study and an
original conception make for light,
souplo and comfortable footwear
which does not easily lose its
shape.
The mechanized sector of the
factory turns out shoes made of
bison, box calf, suede, gameskin,
Russia leather; luxury footwear
for townwear, for the evening and
for the home. Furthermore special
footwear is made for all sports:
felt boots for mountaineers, skiing
and skating boots, footwear for
football, volleyball, basketball,
etc. The shoos have aGood Year*
leather welts of a natural colour or
Makey welts in-leather of the same
colour as the shoes. Experts who
have been in the trade for long sew
on simple and double leather soles,
or else chrome or cr? leather,
or rubber soles, according to the
model.
Within the light industry of the
Rumanian People's Republic foot-
wear production holds an out-
standing place. Factories such as
the alanos lierbalc* of Cluj?the
most modern in South-East Eu-
rope ? the aNicolae Mimeo*
of Bucharest, the sSolidaritatea*
of Oradea, and many others have
been enlarged and re-equipped,
great concern being concurrently
bestowed on the workers' training.
The footwear produced by the
hand-work - section of the Kirov
factory has won recognition both
View of a large footwear factory
in Rumania and abroad, on ac-
count of its elegant models as well
as its fineness, solidity and care-
ful workmanship. At the Leipzig,
Izmir, Delhi, and other fairs in
which Rumania participated in
1955, the footwear exhibited by
the ?Kirov* factory arrested the
visitors' attention, and subsequent
orders have poured in from custom-
ers in different countries.
The workers amployed at the
? Kirov) factory know that their
work is appreciated abroad and that
the most exacting foreign custom-
ers have been fully satisfied with
the quality of the footwear turned
out by them. This gives them a new
impetus in their work, which
further increases their artistic
skill.
GIANT GARMENT
FACTORY
IN .RUMANIA
A feature on the GHEORGHE
elGHEORGIIIU-DEJP Garment Factory
published by the NewYork Times
THE New York Times of No-
vember 5-lit 1955 published a
comprehensive feature on the
Bucharest ?Gheorgke Gheorghite-
Dej? Garment Factory by its cor-
respondent, Jack Raymond, who
visited Rumania.
In this feature headed: ?Giant
Garment Factory in Rumania Em-
ploys 8,900 Workers,? the author
has to admit that the ?red? in-
dustry stands in sharp contrast
to the small garment workshops
of New -York. Describing this
Rumanian factory as ?probably
the biggest in the tvorld,? the auth-
or states that as regards output,
In a ball of the aGh. Gheorgbiu-Deja
Garment Factory
there is nothing in the garment
sector of New-York ? the world
centre of ready-made articles of
dress ?to compare with this fac-
tory, as the garment industry of
New York is for the most part made
up of small workshops housed in
the big sky-scrapers.
Describing the Bucharest lac-
tory,, the author of the article
speaks 'of the large area it covers,
of its social constructions and the
large number of women workers
who are in a majority. ?They turn
out 20,090 articles of dress
a day,? the American journalist _
further writes. ?These articles in7
elude men's jackets, ladles' skirts,
etc. The factory rooms are unusual-
ly large and the conditions of
work excellent, surpassing by far
pre-war conditions en Bucharest.?
The author of tlie feature re-
marks on the fact that women work
48 how's n week. ?You have
the feeling that everybody is
working diligently there is no dawdl-
ing, and yet a chance visitor
is by no _means ignored. On the
contrary, he is shown great regard
and the girls working in the
shops give him a friendly smile.?
The anthor then points out ,that
the rent paid' by the workers
for a two-room flat ?is considered
remarkably cheap? and the price
of dinner at the canteen of the
factory ?of little consideration?.
The photos published by: the
paper show a worker working
on the conveyor belt system, a4z51
the canteen of the factory with
its up-to-date kitchen where the
workers' lunch is cooked.
. - ?
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811141-filluli
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CPECIAL museums in Rumania exhibit
0 wooden ploughs and primitive harrows
evoking a not too remote past when78 per
cent of the Rumanian peasants tilled their
land with these outdated implements.
Only ten years ago, there were 25,000
wooden ploughs in Rumania However in
these last ten years the situation has under-
gone a rapid and radical change Rumanian
farming today has at its disposal 30,000
tractors calculated in conventional tractors
of 15 HP, 15,000 threshing-machines, 1527
harvesting combines, etc
The state has constantly supported the
growth of agricultural production on small
individual farms as well as on the big state
farms, its main concern being the mechani-
zation of agriculture.16 big Rumanian plants
today turn out farm machinery and imple-
ments. In the past five years the metallur-
gical industry has turned out more than
30 now types of tractors.
The electrotechnical and chemical indus-
tries do their bit in promoting agriculture.
Experts have calculated that thanks to
mechanization, our agriculture has increased
its output by 38 per cent while the use of
chemical fertilizers has further increased
it. by 48 per cent. 1955 is a convincing con-
firmation of these calculations. A ten million
ton grain crop was planned for 1955, but
last autumn's balance sheet showed an output
of nearly 12,000.000 tons.
The more than a million tons of grain
cropped in 1955 in excess of planned figures
are not only of economic significance. They
also prove that the growth of agricultural
output has become a phenomenoncharacter-
istic of every peasant farm and agricultural
cooperative. Agricultural cooperatives and
state farms. justly described as aGreat
Bread Producersd> are a livingand convinc-
ing example in this respect.
Last, summer Vasil? S5Ifijan living in the
North of the country and Vasile Pirvu whose
farm lies in the South heard of each other
through the newspapers. They are but
simple peasants both of them but skilled
tillers of the soil and so they agreed by
letter to vie with each other in obtaining
largo crops by making use of the gains of
science. The latter who had proposed to
obtain 10,000 kg of maize to the hectare
cropped 13,000 kg, and 100,000 kg of
sugar beet ? an unparalled yield in
those parts.
It must have taken a century to cover
the path leading from the wooden plough
to the microscope of the Lenauhaim
agricultural cooperative near Sibiu, one
would think. And yet it was done in
barely ten years. The fact that peasants
study the mystery of grain through the
microscope is the clue to the mystery
of Rumania's increased agricultural pro-
duction, to the new species of grain
grown throughout the country, and to the
transformation of extensive into intensive
agriculture in our country, with ever
greater crops being reaped every year
over the same area.
Since 1947 a now species of
grain has been tested in Ru-
mania ? the Magnin 77 ? which
yields more than 3000 kg per
hectare
The B5r5gan, that fertile plain
the black soil of which is famous
abroad, is now the country's
granary. But, making use of
scientific methods, Rumanian peas-
ants nowadays also succeed in
growing selected grain on rocky
or degraded land the fertility of
which they sometimes enhance by
undertakinggenuine mass actions
In Cluj region, the peasants of
several villages have reclaimed
for agriculture 2500 ha of marsh-
land, which will, according to
summary estimates, yield a year-
ly crop of 4500 tons of selected
wheat, 6250 tons of maize or
45,000 tons of sugar beet.
And these facts are by no
means exceptions. They are mere-
ly a few data picked out from
among thousands of a similar
nature, showing the constant
,?
progress of Rumanian agriculture
26
t
- ? ke,
?
? ;NZ \re-.
WITH what shall we feed our cattle all
through the wintern, was a question often
asked by Rumanian peasants in the past.
The cattle's well being, which used to be the
sole economic support of a peasant homestead,
often had priority overthe peasant's own welfare.
But. facts prove that cattle feeding is a pro-
blem which has been successfully solved now-
adays.
tahe maize cobs with grain contain 3600 nour-
ishing units, the cobs alone another 3150
units, that makes 6750 altogether... The
cow cats 25 kg a day, giving 10 kg of milk in
exchange.?
I met a peasant in Craiova region who made
the above calculation with the ease with which
he would have counted the coins in his pocket
To ensure the necessary fodder for the ani-
mals in every peasant homestead is no longer
a problem, and this is duo to the fact that it
has become first of all a state problem.
Groups of scientific researchers have stu-
died and tested for years the development of
green fodder. Today an increase in grass output
has been achieved in mountain pastures which
now yield 16,000 kg per hectare, as against
5,500 kg in former times.
Feeding after scientific criteria is a neces-
sary prerequisite for developing livestock by
increasing their number and productivity.
There is an old Rumanian proverb to the ef-
fect that ethe milk is in your own bag,? which
means that it is directly dependent on the food
given to animals. In Northern Moldavia a state
cattle farm has become famous through one
of the breeders employed there ? Constantin
Adochitei, Itero of Socialist Labour. Though
.0t little education, he is an inborn scientist.
His knowledge may now be compared with
that of the best zootechnician.
Some of the cows he has tended have yielded
up , to 6,000 kg of milk a year. The adoption
of rational feeding methods has now been ex-
tended throughout the country and the results
:nee.:
,474",z
7?? ?-? ?
are reflected in the development of our live..
stock.
In the neighbourhood of the well known sea-
port of Constantza, an experimental zootech-
nical station has been set up, which is elo-
quent proof of what the adoption of scientific
methods can achieve. A breed has been creat-
ed here of merino sheep with extrafine wool,
Merinos-Palas, which can be made into the
finest cloth.
The adoption of scientific methods has more-
over brought about a rise in the prolificness
of sheep to 140 per cent, and rams are bred
here weighing 100 kg and yielding 13 kg of
wool a year. But the experimental station is
by no means a citadel whose gates are barred to
outsiders. The results achieved are extended
to and yield good fruit in the remotest hamlets.
The experimental station has laid the founda-
tion of two model sheep farms of the allterinos-
Pales? breed at Palazul mare and Sipota,
two production cooperatives in the district.
And other scientific stations in our country
pursue ?similar aims just as perseveringly.
This is quite novel in the zootechnical history
of Rumania ? as new and edifying as to see
the formerly backward and superstitious shep-
herd who would turn to the stars to learn what
fate has in store for him and for the country
transformed into a current reader of scientific
pamphlets.
Not long ago a peasant, was on his way to
the centre of the Magyar Autonomous Region.
All passers-by stopped in amazenlent to look'
after him. Our peasant, whose name was ignac
Ltiteny, was leading by a rope two oxen of a
size never before seen in those parts.
At the state procurement and contract offi-
ces, it was established that thqoxen weighed
nearly two tons. The peasant received besides
the price ? 15,000 lei ? also a premium in
agricultural implements. Under the contracts
that are concluded the state gives financial
support to every individual breeder in addi-
tion to other considerable advantages.
Agricultural cooperatives enjoy special sup.
port yielding excellent results. In Craiova
region, which is an important grain producing
region of Rumania, the zootechnical sector of
agricultural cooperatives has marked the fol-
lowing increases:
The figure 100 being taken as a basis for
1950, in 1954 the increase in livestock stood at
2112 per cent, and in 1955 at 5715 per cent,.
The Suditi cooperative in the Bucharest region
has a flock of 2000 sheep ? as much as several
villages owned in the past.
Nor is the development of Rumanian live-
stock a periodical or accidental one. The in-
crease is as swift as it is constant Starting from
present figures, an increase to 15 million head
of sheep is envisaged in the next live years, 8
million of which with fine and semi-fine wool.
The other branches of zootechnique have made
similar plans for the future.
These plans will certainly be fulfilled at every
point, which will ensure abundant supplies to
the population and ever increasing stocks for
export.
INCREASE HI THE STOCK OF SHEEP
WITH FINE AND SEMI-FOIE WOOL
ODAY Rumania counts among the
great sheep breeding countries of Eu-
rope. As a consequence of the measures
taken by the state, her stock of sheep with
fine and semi-fine wool has increased by
nearly 1,000,000 head from 19.51 to 1955.
In 1954 the State farms had increased their
stock of sheep with fine and semi-fine
wool by 70.6 per 'cent as against 1950,
while on collective farms the number of
sheep per 100 hectares of arable land,
pasture and meadow land had gone up
from 38 sheep in 1952 to 62 in 1954.
The breeding of sheep and especially
of sheep with fine and semi-fine wool
will be greatly developed in the Rumanian
People's Republic. The figure envisaged for
the next five years is 16 million sheep,
8 million of which will be with fine and
semi-fine wool.
MORE FRUIT TREES
ARE PLANTED
IN autumn 1965 nearly 1.7 million fruit
trees were planted in all distric.'s of
our country, including 674,860 apple-
trees, 218,000 pear-trees, 333,000 plum-
trees, 182,000 apricot-trees, 71,000 wal-
nut-trees, -46,700 quince-trees, as well as
tens of thousands of cherry-trees; morello-
cherry-trees' and peach-trees. Apart from
which 1,909 almond-trees have been planted,
1,600 of them in Constant= region alone.
As the climate and soil of the Baia' Mare
recion are favourable to chestnut-trees
with edible- fruit, over 500 chestnut-trees
were planted in that region last autumn.
The new plantations will go. a long
way towards further extending the export
possibilities of the Rumanian People's ?
Republic as concerns fresh and preserved
fruit.
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EMI
, ?
OUR homeland boasts many
lovely places and settlements
but few haveacquired theworld
wide fame of Cotnari. Especially
among the commodities produced
by our country, Cotnari wine retains
a place of honour. Those who have
written about Moldavia, bo they
foreigners or Rumanians. have
never failed to dwell on and greatly
eulogize Cotner'. Priests, mission-
aries, merchants and diplomats
have all paid tribute to Cotnarl
wine, an outstanding thing to be
found in our country. That was
certainly also how Tsar Peter the
Great of Russia proceeded, when,
according to what the old chron-
icler Neculce tolls us, she feasted
and made wassail with Cotnari
wines and agreatly praised the
wines at the princely dinners in
Jassy. Highly praised, mentioned
in memoirs and anecdoehs that
make pleasant reading, Cotnari
this modest village on the hills
about ilirifili, has made its way
into history.
Little is known and still less
said about the old church, which
is thought to have beena foundation
of Stephen the Great, and about
the first eAcademy? founded in
Cotnari by theadventurer Ileraclide
the Despot. Those who speak of
Cotnari think of it solely as of an
place in Moldavia where the finest
wino is made.? Nor did Di/nitric Can-
temir, morothan two hundred years
ago, fail to agree to the general
opinion on Chis point. In his
eDescriptio Moldavine? he speaks
of Cotnari as being as borough.with
no other-outstanding merit than its
choice vineyards excelling all otherssi
The wine has made the fame of
Cotnari in the past and in our
own days. It is a credit to the
place. But it is no less true that.
as the wine has made the tame
of the place, the soil in those parts
causes the vineyards to yield choice
wine. In short Cotnari is famous
for its excellent wine, and the
wine is eicellent because it is made
As at Cotnari. aWhy?? some people
may ask The answer is easy:
the Cotnari vineyards spread on
the slopes of gently rolling hills
the soil of which is extremely rich
in the substances necessary to
the vino and which receive the full
force of the sun, its light and
warmth. There seems to be sonic
truth in Eminescu's lines de-
scribing the posthumous longing
of the princely drunkard:
((Moldavian Prince I was of yore
And Cotnari wine I drank galore.
Oh! for the days of Cotnarl wine!
For them I ever more shall pine.?
And the truth is that whoever
has tasted of Cotnari wine can
not forget it. And it is still more
difficult to forgot if one has drain-
ed at one draught a wooden tank-
ard filled to the brim with new
wine, or, if luckier, one has sipped
at leisure old Cotnari wino.
In confirmation of the above
lot us quote once again Dim itrie
Canteniir who has spoken highly
of Cotnari wine, a/ dare to state
that it is stronger and better than
all European wines, superior even
to Tokay. If kept for three years
in a deep stone cellar, it becomes so
strong in the fourth year, that it
burns like brandy. The strongest
drinkers can hardly drink the third
glass without being overcome, and
yet the wine never gives a headache.?
The Moldavia n princes entrusted
their care and full management
to the Cup Bearer ? a boyar
of high rank. Later, the Cotnari
vineyards were parcelled out and
passed from one greedy hand to
another still greedier, being the
object of interminable legal dis-
putes. And in the meantime the
vinegrowers who had tended those
vineyards for generations and knew
all the mysteries of the trade, lived
In miserable hamlets Van bitter
life of all the toilers on the land.
their only pleasure being, most
probably, vintage time when the
hills rang with their merry songs...
If you now happen to ascend
the rounded Cotnari hills which
seem to slumber under the dazzling
sun, you realize that famous vine-
yards are better tended than over.
And if you stay on you may learn
many other things. You may listen
even now to tales about old wine.
preserved, even though the barrels
had rotted, in a crust or its own.
On the very spot where the old
church formerly stood you are
shown the ruins of some old wine
cellars, which?the saying goes ?
date back to the time of good
Prince Stephen (15th Century)
But besides old tales, you may also
hear new ones about, Cotnari You
may learn, for instance.that iii
these parts where the famous wine
is made, research work is carried
on, selected species are produced,
and the soil and climate are stu-
died. Experts work alongside old
and skilled vinegrowers. and, to-
gether, they do their very best
to make of Cotnari a source of yet
greater pride to Rumanian viti-
culture.
The fame of Cotnari wine has
made its way into history. In our
own days, the famous vineyards
yield rich fruit, enhancing their
renown and there is every prospect
of their continuing to do so in the
years to conic!. From .Cotnari we
shall receive sealed bottles as is
fitting for choice wine ? an oc-
casion of joy. And, opening the
bottles, we shall have to confess
that there is an added flavour to
our old Cotnari for, as the carols
have it, it will flower, a.. like a
pear or apple fine, flowering in
spring time .?
-
;
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
BARAGAN,
GRENIER DE LA
ROUMANIE
t "1112*X7V- ?YLZ-P
??
T IIE BAR WAN...
*Boundless plains
.? ?
where, under the
blaze of the summer sun,
the air undulates in dia-
phanous waves and where
the reflected grass and
weeds in the distance. be-
come. Wier? the en-
chanted eye of the onlooker.
citadels with thousands of
minarets, palaces of inef-
fable delight...,
The Blirtigan, erstwhile
the kingdom of grasses, the
paradise of hunters.
As in an open book, one
can follow up the transfor-
mation of the Milligan by
its criss-cross roads.
Tho first roads were mere
tracks trodden by number-
less flocksof sheepsbepherded
towards the Danube to
winter
The more frequented were
the roads along the I3or-_
cea backwaters and the river
lalomita The heart of the
Barligan, now crossed by
the railway, was formerly
traversed only by a forlorn
track used by cattle thieves.
IRCREASED TORAKO
OUTPUT 111 THE
RUMANIAN PEOPLES
REPUBLIC
Rumania is one of
the oldest tobacco pro-
ducers of Europe.
In recent years to-
bacco growing has been
extended. In 1955,
for instance, approx
35,000 hectares were
planted to tobacco,
yielding an average
production of approx
800 kg per hectare
Rumania grows more
than ten species of to-
bacco, the most wide-
spread being the
aDr5grisa n in, aMolova-
ta?, ?Gliimpati.? a la-
lom Ran and *Banat?
species And new spe-
cies have been accli-
matized Among them
we cite Virginia, Mary-
land and Burley
which, being planted
in the valleys of the
rivers Tine] ve, have
yielded a crop of over
1,500 kg ppr hectare
The continual growth
of Rumania's to-
bacco production en-
ables the AG ROEX-
PORT export com-
pany to offer its cus-
tomers n wider range
of the greatly appre-
ciated blends of Ru-
manian tobacco
?A X
...I.:re-4,i ? Al
pLzed..-i4
who took their stolen
cattle along this way to
the Dobrogea or to the mar-
ket towns in other parts of
the country. With the pass-
ing of years, human settle-
ments rose at halting places,
crossroads or sheepfolds. At
tho htinea or Valdeea sheep-
folds, the houses, with time,
made up small hamlets
shaded by the acacia and
tanner's sumach ? the only
trees growing in the Bdrli-
gan.
Many are the signs of
the new times which you
now meet with in crossing
the Meagan. Should you
happen to travel by train
and look out of the window,
you may read, in quick
succession: eLehliu Machine
and Tractor Station,*
State Farm,* ?Ciulnita Me-
chanical Centre,? And you
can meet with similar indi-
cations on the banks of the
Boren when travelling from
C515rasi to F5crtieni, or along
the river !atom ita, from
Dridu to Plea Petrei: ellu-
setu State Farm,* *C5Iiirasii-
Vechi Collective Farm
Every one of these and all
of them together are today's
Bhirhiga n.
No trace of anything seen
today could have been found
a few centuries ago In an-
cient times when the swift
horses of the Scythians over-
came distance in the Wail-
gan. only the tracks of the
flocks of sheep taken to their
winter quarters had any
durable quality Centuries
later, during the reign of
Stephen the Great, when the
Moldavian hosts overran the
Bhirhigan and burnt down the
Cetatea de Floci, shepherds
settlements and the wool and
cattle fairs were already of
long standing evidence that
people were settling on the
edge of. the Bar5gan as they
had settled on the sea-shore.
From the steep banks of the
river lalomita to the Bor-
cea backwaters with their
luxuriant life, the steppe
stretched at peace with it-
self, and even now, when
darkness has settled on the
Bilr5gan and the bustle of
the day is stilled, you sense
rising from the undisturbed
the mute shades of former
days. Overhead the star-
bespangled sky and around
you the endless plain. The
sky and the soil. Nothing
else
But with the dawn the
Brirrigan awakes to a new
life It summons to the day's
work men diligent, daring
and efficient. The paddy-
field farmers hurry towards
the glittering' marshes.
Cotton growers work in the
fields of fleece Agronomists
wade through corn-fields of
a richness never known be-
fore. Tractors diligently fur-
row the land Wheat as
tall as reed, with ears the
size of a sparrow, choice
maize, of which the seeds
like those of wheat suit
especially the soil of the
Bilrligan, and many species
of barley thrive in this rich,
well-tilled earth. And beside
them grow sundry other
plants sown here in the latter
years Rice is no longer the
prerogative of far-off China.
nor cotton of Egypt, that
ancient land We, too, are
growing it now, hero on
the Biir5gan . We plant it
and bring it, to fruit ion as we
do the other grain, with
our machines, with the aid
of our efficient agronomists
and through the diligence
of our people And since
it has yielded such rich
harvests, those living in
the Meagan have dropped
their former curse ?May
fire eat thee up, o soil *
On the contrary they now
bless it with the pride of
masters and the knowledge
of. old ploughmen. For the
Barligan of our time duly
rewards their labour
TIIE NUMBER OF TRACTORS USED IN RUMANIAN AGRICULTUR E IS
INCREASING APACE
(The estimate is in conventional tractors of 15 III')
1938
6055
zlasostoo?????/1014111111,
ig55
2g 7g 5'
-1
Dimensional and quality 1-
control of timber
After being checked, the timber
is niarked
quality Control of vegetables
The laboratory of the *Goods
Control Office*
The humidity of
grain is establi-
shed
-4
Foodstuffs tire
analysed in the
laboratory of the
eGoods Control
Office*
Control lathe according to
Dr Schlesinger's method
The offices of the O.C.M. are in Bucharest, Bd.
N. Bilcescu No 22. Phone 5-66-92. Cables: OCEME-
Bucharest
RUMANIAN PEOPI.E!S REPUBLIC
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
????
?
5.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2013/07/15: CIA-RDP81-01043R002200120005-5
Aziepzeincir IN THE RUiroai PEOPLE'S
N recent years publishing activity has
I been on the upsurge in our country Though
published in big editions, literary books by
Rumanian and foreign classical and contem-
porary authors are soon out of print The works
of great masters of world classical I iterature such
as Shakespeare, Goethe, Gogol Ilugo, Schiller,
Moller?, Tolstoy, Cervantes and ethers as well
as of valuable contemporary writerStrom among
whom we cite Posner, Prichard, Breda!, Gorky,
Seghers, Thomas Mann, Aragon, Eluard, have
been brought out in tile luxes and mass edi-
tions
Rumanian classical and contemporary li-
terature is spreading more and more not only
In the country but also abroad The works
of Rumanian writers such as Mihail Endorsee,
I. L. Caragiale. Ion Creang5. Mihall Sadoveanu,
Tudor' Arghezi, Liviu Rare,' nu. Mihail Se-
bastian, Zaharia Stance, Cesar Petrescu, Camil
Petrescu. Petru Dumitriu, printed in Rumanian
or in English, French, German, Hungarian,
Russian or Serbian translations can be seen
In the booksellers' wigdows in many countries.
And our literature for children and the youth,
both prose and poetry, is also in great demand.
The monographs, albums and reviews dealing
with Rumanian art ? painting. sculpture,
architecture, ceramics, wood engraving, etc. ?
with the text in Rumanian, French, English,
German, Russian and Italian are of great in-
terest to lovers of beauty. The black-and-white
or coloured reproductions of the works of Ru-
manian or foreign classical and contemporary
painters and sculptors are highly appreciated
by connoisseurs for their careful rendering of
the most delicate shades. In this respect we
should mention the monograph (Theodor Amans,
the work on Rumanian Architecture. Ru-
manian Folk Art ? an album ? and the
magazine ?Art in the Rumanian People's Re-
publica.
Today quite a number of newspapers and
reviews with rich and varied contents are
brought out in Rumania in editions reaching an
impressive figure, for they find readers in the
most out-of-the-way corners of the country.
Newspapers and publications in foreign Ian-
guagessuch as for instance La Roumanio Nou-
velle in French, Rumania Today in English,
French German and Spanish, Narodnaia Ru-
mania in Russian, the Rumanian Review
in English. French and German, are all avail-
able to foreign readers desirous of,getting in-
.
Nempan
Petrindenindltma4orregnnlesaniguagn RoCSman-
(}0/1/111(7171
PHILATELY has been on the up-
surge in Rumania during the last
year . The different issues of
Rumanian stamps reflect the trans-
formations in the life of the people
and the state. The printing of stamps
is given over greater attention.
formation concerning the new life in Rumania,
her manifold development in the sphere of
technique and Industry, culture, the arts and
sports. As concerns their contents as well as
printing conditions these publications can vie
with any paper or magazine of world circula-
tion.
While exporting literary, artistic and tech-
b- ?
ideal Looks, the Rumanian People's Republic
imports a great number of scientific and litera-
ry books as well as works on art.
The exchange of books and musical scores is
encouraged and supported by the Rumanian
state which considers them as a powerful
means promoting better understanding and a
rapproachment between nations.
\
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CO1TIFERINTA D
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ARTIM E
RD OMANIE
EXPORTS
Books, art albums, reviews
and magazines in Rumanian
and in foreign languages,
musical scores, records, handi-
craft objects) stamps.
V
IMPORTS
Books, newspapers and pub.
lications of every kind) mus-
ical scores) stamps.
11.11111111111111.111111911111111111111
---
Bucharest, Sir. Aristide Briand No. 14-18
P.O.B.: 134/135 Cables: oCartimexs-Ru-
Merest
-
Awhere, with their deft. fingers, more
few days ago visiting one of the centres
than 500 artisans turn out wonderful
folk art objects, I watched their skill and
patience and became aware of the exceptional
quality of the objects made by them.
At present they are engaged in producing
carpets, embroideries, fabrics, artistically
wrought wood and other articles which In a
few months will probably adorn people's
homes. Abroad they will be vivid proofs of
the skill and love of beauty of Rumanian
artisans.
...,You will meet here people practising
a trade banded down to them from one
generation to the other, for It is a trade that
has been practised in our country for many
centuries.*
This Is what our guide told us when he ush-
ered us into the oriental carpet section. Three of
the forewomen of the section, women of about
sixty, had been in the trade from the age of
16. They had learned how to make the carpets
from their parents who in turn had learned from
theirs, the family handing down their skill
for ages. Many of the women now working at
this centre have learned the trade from the three
forewomen.
There were very few such centres In our
country in former days. Only three of them in
fact: at Tulcea, Br61Ia and Bucharest. But of
late other centres, under the supervision of
older foremen, have been opened in nearly
all the big towns of Rumania?in Cluj, Timi-
soara, Galati, Tirgu Mures and elsewhere.
Tho different patterns and special designs of
the carpets aro made on the frame and by hand,
which accounts for the superior quality of
the carpets. Being hand made they are much
more resistant than the machine made. Be-
sides a much greater variety of colours and de-
signs can be used.
It is also in these shops that the well known
Rumanian carpets are made though with the
aid of a hand loom and not by knotting as for
oriental carpets.
The designs of the Oltonian carpets being
made on these looms ? some of them nearly
finished, others only just begun?consist of tree
leaves, birds and animals. These designs, In
vivid and harmonious colours, are most decora-
tive. We also have here Moldavian bed-covers,
the sCorgutes as they are called, which are made
out of aigaies wool.
Genuine works of art are likewise to be found
in the sections of fabrics and embroidery:
table cloths, napkins, table-runners, children's
frocks, ladles' blouses all of them made out of
gauze. or Rumanian bleached cotton fabrics.
Pure silk blouses adorned with Rumanian
embroidery, inspired from our folklore are
also made here.
Tho workers in this section are all women.
Both fabrics and embroideries show a wide
range of flowered and geometrical designs in
harmonious colours. The artistic skill of these-
fabrics and embroideries and their vivid and
varied colours characteristic of the Rumanian
folklore are highly appreciated abroad. Ru-
manian embroidery has been admired by near-
ly all our foreign guests as well as by those
who have visited the international fairs where
they have been exhibited.
The sections where the objects of wrought
W0041 are made aro remarkable for their silence.
The artisans with scrupulous care paint tho
objects made out of carved or turned wood:
a pall, a flower vase, a brooch. The paintiFs
adorn them with leaves, flowers or geometrical
designs. After being painted the objects are
lacquered, later being packed and sent abroad.
The following wooden objects aro produced
here: boxes, writing-pads, albums, vases,
powder-boxes, needlework-boxes, brooches,
fancy pendants, and even household goods such
as napkin rings or knife and fork rests, salt-cel-
lars, trays, picture frames, buttons, etc.
Tho painters and sculptors who make these
nicknacks and toys together with the head of
the section, are all members of the Union of
Artists. They have conceived as well as made
the models displayed. The most charming nick-
nack shows scenes of the sPeriniias dance, a
piece of work which has won high appreciation,
being awarded a prize at. the VII World
Festiyal of Youth and Students at Warsaw.
Leiving the tFolk Arts cooperative, I carried
with me the conviction that valuable work
was being achieved there. Soon the fruit of the
artisans' labour will be exported, testifying to
the love of beauty of the Rumanian people.
Folk Art
RUMANIAN GRAMOPHONE RECORDS
R
UMANIAN gramophone record production
does not lag behind the other consumer
goods industries of our country.
The aElectrecords factory which turns out
records has to cope with ever increasing de-
mands
Formerly the only record factory in Rumania
was merely a branch of some foreign concerns
which used to send here the moulds for press-
ing. Symphonic or chamber music was not
recorded, although our country had famous po-
pular composers and performers. Tho recording
was carried on in a poorly equipped studio.
At present the musical movement in Ruma-
nia is on the upswing. Tho country boasts 18
philharmonic orchestras and as many folk music
ensembles. hundreds of scores of every kind
of music are published yearly.
It is the upsurge of our musical movement
which accounts for the development of our gra-
mophone record industry. Tho record factory
records, the best works and performances of
our composers and musicians.
The Rumanian record of 78 r.p.m. turned
out by the sElectrecords factory is similar to
other records produced the world over. It is of
a brilliant, polish, with ground edges, is labelled
in foreign languages, etc. The record is pressed
out of a plastic mass of excellent quality,
is not brittle and is in keeping with the general
technical conditions required. The record is
first packed in a cellophane cover and sub-
sequently in a bright coloured cardboard cover
adorned with Rumanian designs.
The repertoire of these records is varied and
attractive. It includes a great many folk songs
and dances, more particularly bores and the
lively dances which are the sirbas. These songs
and dances have a vigorous rhythm, melodious,
colourful and lively.
Symphonic and chamber music is also re-
corded. The repertoire will be greatly extended
in 1056 to meet the customers' over more press-
ing requirements. gElectrecords has already
started recording Rumanian symphonic and
chamber music as well as arias from operas
sung by Rumania's best singers.
Light and dance music also takes up an im-
portant part in the repertoire of Rumanian re-
cords. Some gifted Rumanian composers have
written dance music and love songs which are
great favourites:
We further find in the repertoire of the aElect-
records choirs, youth marches, etc., etc.
The aCartimexs foreign trade company of
Bucharest, Str. Aristide Briand No 14-18.
handles all exports of Rumanian records made
by the nElectrecords factory.
The letters received from different foreign
companies in Europe and the Near East which
have purchased Rumanian records, show the
interest Rumanian folk music has evoked in
these countries.
The ?Cartimers company exports aElectre-
cords records of Rumanian folk music. Among
them we would cite the aSkylarlar performed by
the ?Barbu 1.5utarus orchestra, with the pan
pipe played by .the celebrated Fanic6 Luca,
the (afore Staccatos and the