MILITARY INSTALLATIONS DATA ODESSA MILITARY DISTRICT VOLUME 6, NO. 8 NIKOLAYEV

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP81-01043R002300210009-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 13
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: September 20, 2013
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: May 1, 1958
• Content Type: REPORT

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MILITARY INSTALLATIONS DATA
ODESSA
MILITARY DISTRICT (C)
VOLUME 6, NO .8
NIKOLAYEV
46?58'N-32?00'E
USSR
?
UNABLE TO DETERMINE REGRADING DATE
MAY 1, 1958
'SEW_
ft"Seegi-40.004?00,0AIVATtitgese.o9,;?
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VOL. 1. BELORUSSIAN MILITARY' DISTRICT
No. 1. BORISOV
No. 2. ORSHA
VOL. 2. TRANSCAUCASUS MILITARY DISTRICT
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. 5.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
No. 9.
10.
No. 11.
No. 12.
No. 13.
No. 14.
No. 15.
No. 16.
No. 17.
NAICHICHEVANt
YFREVAN
LENKORANT
LENINA1CAN
ASTARA
BATUMI
KIROVAKAN
DZHUL!FA
POTI
171.913.11'
BAKU
STEPANAKERT
1CIROVABAD
SUKHUMI
KHASHURI
MAICHACHICALA
ILISI
VOL. 3. TURKESTAN MILITARY DISTRICT
No. 1. ASHKHABAD
No. 2. KRASNOVODSK
No. 3. MARY
No. 4. BAYRAM-ALI
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VOLUME 6, No. 8. NIKOLAYEV
Previous Studies in this Series Include:
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VOL. 4. FAR EAST MILITARY DISTRICT
No. 1.? PETROPAVLOVSK-KAMCHATSKff
VOL. 5. NORTH CAUCASUS MILITARY DISTRICT
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. S.
No. 6.
No. 7.
No. 8.
TUAPSE
ORDZHONIKIDZE/DZAUDZBIKAU
ASTRAKHAN
GROZNYY
NOVOROSSIYSK
ARMAVIR
STALINGRAD
MAYKOP
VOL. 6. ODESSA MILITARY DISTRICT
No. 1.
No. 2.
No. 3.
No. 4.
No. S.
No. 6.
No. 7.
laRCHt
BALAKLAVA
SEVASIDPOL!
FEODOSIYA
KHERSON
YEVPATORIYA
ODESSA
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SPECIFIC GUIDANCE
1. The various categories of intelligence data set forth
in the General Guidance at the beginning of this volume
indicate the types of information sought for all studies
in this series.
2. The following are some specific items of information
which are a priority requirement for the NIKOLAYEV
study.
a. Confirm what may be the Headquarters of the 34th
Guards Mechanized Division, Item 17, City Plan.
b. Location of other important administrative and
MVD buildings in the vicinity of Items 18 and 19
in the government control center.
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c. Location of reported gun emplacements and other
defense installations near the airfields, Installa-
tions 2 and 41, and along the banks of the Bug River
and other approaches to the city.
d. Location of the following streets which have
been mentioned recently in the Soviet press:
Aptekaskaya, First of May, on which there is a
Maritime Navigation School, Rosa Luxemburg, and
Skorkhodov.
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CONTENTS
1.
2.
3.
THE CITY OF NIKOLAYEV
a. Introduction
b. Urban Characteristics
C. Economic, Transportation and Communications
MILITARY APPRAISAL . .
a. Order of Battle . .
b. Military Installations
c. Logistical Appraisal
SOURCES
1
1
1
3
4
4
4
4
5
MAPS
a. Odessa Military District, Orientation Map
b. NIKOLAYEV Area Map
C. NIKOLAYEV City Plan
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1. THE CITY OF NIKOLAYEV
a. Introduction
NIKOLAYEV (4658N-3200E), the capital of Nikolayev
Oblast in the Ukrainian SSR, is situated on the east bank
of the Bug River about 24 miles from the river's entrance
into Dnieper Bay, an arm of the Black Sea. It lies in an
area of generally-flat to gently undulating terrain, al-
though some rather high cliffs rise along the banks of the
Bug; its elevation is about 100 feet above sea level. In
spite of the evacuation of many of the inhabitants of this
city when it was occupied by the Germans during World War II,
its population has increased from 167,000 in the 1939 census
to an estimated 205,000 in 1957, attesting its growth and
threefold significance to the Soviet Union as a principal
Black Sea port and naval base, a shipbuilding center of
all-Union importance, and the commercial center of a large
agricultural and industrial hinterland.
Founded as a naval port near the site of what had once
been an ancient Greek colony (Olbia), NIKOLAYEV's origin
is similar to that of KHERSON, SEVASTOPOL', and other
cities in this portion of southern Russia. All were
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established as defense points by Field Marshal Potemkin
around the time of the annexation of the Crimea; NIKOLAYEV
remained an almost exclusively military port for nearly a
century from the time of its founding in 1789. NIKOLATEV's
development as a commercial port and shipbuilding center
began only after the port was opened to trade in 1862. Its
commercial character was assured after the establishment of
two large shipyards there in the 1890's. So much did it
subsequently increase in significance that by- 1939, despite
suffering the effects of the civil war in the interim, it
ranked as the second port on the Black Sea after ODESSA and
was the most important shipbuilding and repair base of the
Black Sea Fleet. In World War II NIKOLAYEV was heavily
damaged by Stalin's as well as by Hitler's forces, but
following its recapture by the Soviets reconstruction and
restoration of the city to its prewar status began promptly.
b. Urban Characteristics
The city of NIKOLAYEV is built on a peninsula formed
by the junction of two rivers, the Southern (ruzhnyy ) Bug and
1
1. A Northern (Severnyy) Bug flows along the Polish border in
the Brest Oblast.
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the Ingul. The Bug, a gently-winding and broad river which
flows through the Ukraine in a generally northwest-southeast
direction, shapes the western
four and one-half- by two and
on which the city lies, while
which flows in large meanders
it on the north from another,
and southern boundaries of the
one-half-mile-wide peninsula
the Ingul, a narrower stream
from the northeast, separates
narrower peninsula. The latter
tongue of land contains a seaplane station and an airfield
as well as other important installations; regarded as a
portion of the suburb of TERNOVKAI it can be reached from
NIKOLAYEV by way of a bridge spanning the Ingul. A large
portion of the northern shore and the entire south bank of
the cityts waterfront is given over to rail-served shipyards
and port facilities, of which some 11,690 linear feet of
wharves on the south make up the commercial port. Two large
grain elevators along this stretch are visible from consider-
able distances and may be useful for orientation or as
reference points.
NIKOLAYEVts urban area proper is composed of mixed
elements. In general, the western half of this hetero-
geneous area is more densely built-up than the eastern.
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The most important section is the northern, which contains
within its confines a wide variety of buildings, many of
which are two-story and taller structures built of stone,
including governmental and apartment buildings, as well as
many military- installations, the better shops, churches,
museums, and other points of interest. The southern section
of the urban area is mainly residential, but it does contain
at least one large industrial site, the "Dormashinatt Plant
(Item 27, City Plan), as well as the railroad station and
yards and some military installations. Although not always
following a strict grid pattern, most streets in the urban
network intersect one another at right angles and run
perpendicular and parallel to the port and the northern and
southern shipyards, connecting these industrial sections with
the urban area. Many of the streets in the system are wide,
most of them are paved with cobblestones but some are asphalt-
surfaced, several are tree-lined, and a few of the more
prominent ones are interspersed with parks and squares.
Like many other cities in the USSR, NIKOLAYEV is growing
rapidly. According to the Soviet press new construction has
taken place in many parts of the city since World War II.
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Reports include mention of a station building and at least
two workers.' settlements, one of which is probably located
in the southwest in the vicinity of the Nosenko Shipyard
and the other in the vicinity of a new textile plant in the
east. In addition, a new civil air terminal was to be built
in 1955 and the port was to be reconstructed and expanded by
1960 but no recent reports on the extent to which these goals
have been reached are available.
c. Economic, Transportation and Communications
Shipbuilding is the major industrial activity of
NIKOLAYEV. In addition to its two principal yards, which
are the largest in the Black Sea area, having facilities for
both building and making major repairs on large vessels,
NIKOLAYEV also has a minor shipyard and yet another is be-
lieved to be under construction just south of the city. The
usual activities of a commercial port and transshipment center
are also carried on in NIKOLAYEV; grain, and iron and manganese
ores are among its principal exports, while petroleum products,
machinery, and foodstuffs are included among its imports. Among
other economic activities of significance are railroad-car re-
pairs and the production of such items as machinery, textiles,
foodstuffs, construction material, and reportedly guns and
ammunition.
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Enhancing NIKOLA1EV's economic and military potential
are the transportation routes to which the city has access.
The Bug River connects the city wi.th ports on the Black Sea
via Dnieper Bay 24 miles downstream. Upstream, it provides
river navigation at least as far as VOZNESENSK (4734N-3118E)/
some 55 miles away, while rail, road, and air routes link
NIKOLAYEV with other points in the Ukraine and the USSR.
Single-track, broad-gage (5'0) rail lines serve the
city from the northwest, the northeast, and the southeast.
The first of these is a branch extending from NIKOLAYEV to
KOLOSOVKA (4718N-3101E), approximately 55 miles away, where
it joins the main line connecting ODESSA., 125 miles by rail
to the south, with MOSCOW. A spur also runs from the branch
to VARVAROVKA, a suburb across the Bug, served by ferry from
NIKOLAYEV. Two lines emanate from the city in a northeast-
ward direction. One of these connects with NIS rail route 15
at DNEPROPETROVSK (4828N-3500E) while the other meets the
same line further west at ZNAMENKA (4843N-3232E). Lastly,
the line leading southeastward from the city goes to
KBERSON (4638N-3236E), about 40 miles away, where connection
may be made with points in the Crimea.
Three highways radiate from NIKOLAYEV ani connect with
the regional network. One of these leaves the city in a
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a
northward direction, crossing the Ingul River after which a
northwest branch follows the Bug to PERVOMAYSK (4802N-3052E),
100 miles away on NIS road route 15, the highway leading from
DNEPROPETROVSK to LVOV (4950N-2400E) and the Polish border.
A northward branch from the same road (NIS 18) joins NIS 15
at KIROVOGRAD, 110 miles away. Both branches are unimproved,
Lair-weather roads. An improved road (NIS 18) leads south-
westward to ODESSA, 80 miles away, while another improved
road follows the bank of the Bug for a short distance after
which it turns inland and southeastward to KHERSON.
In addition to these overland routes, NIKOLAYEV has at
least two air facilities which are probably used by civilian
as well as by military aircraft.
Intra-urban transportation is provided by streetcars and
buses; standard communications facilities, telephone, tele-
graph, postal, and radio, are also available in the city.
2. MILITARY APPRAISAL
a. Order of Battle
ASI Order of Battle holdings of Soviet Ground Force
units in NIKOLAYEV list the 188th Rifle Division and the
34th (?) Guards Mechanized Division. In addition, since
NIKOLAYEV is an important port and shipbuilding center whose
primary function is the construction and repair of vessels of
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the Black Sea Fleet, as well as a station along significant
transportation routes, it is probable that Naval and MVD
personnel are also stationed in the city.
b. Military Installations
A total of 41 military and other points of interest
in NIKOLAYEV are shown on the City Plan and Area Map which
accompany this study. The city's military installations,
most of which are situated at various points in the urban
4
area itself, include several barracks and other facilities.
One of these installations, Item 17, is a large military area
which may be the Headquarters of the 34th (?) Guards Mechanized
Division. In4ad4ition, there are a number of logistical
installations in the city ane'afrfield and seaplane facilities
on its outskirts. NIKOLAYEV also has a number of defense
positions, such as AA emplacements and the like; although it
has not been possible to pinpoint these on the City Plan, they
are probably situated along the banks of the rivers, the
perimeter of the airfields, and the approaches to the city.
c. Logistical Appraisal
NIKOLAYEV is of logistical importance because of
its waterway, rail and road links with the Headquarters of
the Military District in ODESSA as well as with other Black
Sea ports and hinterland points.
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The standard reference work lists 5 logistical installa-
ations in NIKOLAYEV, which include POL, amnunition, ordnance,
and ration and clothing storage facilities. In addition to
these, there are several warehouses and open storage facilities
in the port area and at other points in the city, as well as
other POL storage sites. The two large grain ele7ators in the
commercial port may, like the large one in nearby KBERSON, be
used in the strategic grain reserves program of the Ministry
of Defense.
3. SOURCES
A difficulty encountered in the preparation of this study
was the unavailability of recent trip reports by official
travelers to NIKOLAYEV. Because of this, it was necessary to
depend somewhat more heavily than in other studies in this series
upon the use of such sources as captured German documents and
various other raw material as well as such finished intelligence
as NIS, Air Force and Navy studies. Prisoner of War interro-
gation reports were also available in sufficient quantity and
were of some use in plotting some of the city-la military
installations, while open sources yielded some background data
and information on other items of interest. Aerial photographs
and several maps of the city and the general locale were also
used for reference and for construction of the City Plan and
Area Map which accompany this study.
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31?
32?
33?
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1
38? 37?
48?-
47? --
46?
48?
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45?-
USSR
ODESSA
MILITARY DISTRICT (C)
(SECTION INCLUDES FORMER TAURIC M.D. )
Military District boundary
Connecting road
060
40
80
31? 32?
GEORGETOWN UNIVERSITY RESEARCH PROJECT
Sivosiopol
0
45?
Baloklavo
100 Mi
n
330
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330
360
37?
6
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*
USSR
NIKOLAYEV
46?58'N? 32?00t
AREA MAP
INSTALLATION BOUNDARIES
(See City Plan for Identification of Installations)
310 50/
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Balovnaya
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CITIES & TOWNS
Densely built-up area
Moderately built-up area
Outline and pattern unknown
RAILROADS
?T.,. n Eltor
Single track; Double track; Stations a
Abandoned or under construction-l?a-?
ROADS
Dual lane; Primary
Secondary; Trail
telephone
POWER LINES; TELEPHONE LINES ?
PIPELINES
D,De Itne uncle?gten"
Above ground; Underground__ _ _
HYDROGRAPHY
Intermittent lake; Swamp; Dam ___ _
Intermittent stream
Canals: open, underground
Springs; Wells and Waterholes
*
Flood marked area; Rocks
Drainage ditches; Mud flats
,rns
Fathom line; Reef CA.L.9
ELEVATIONS
Highest in area; spot .0000 .00tio
RELIEF
Contours: reliable; approximate_ _ - - -
Form lines -
Escarpments, Bluffs and Cliffs; Depressions.'"
Sand areas; Dunes; Ridges
Dry lake; Dry wash
VEGETATION
Wooded area, Park area (in cities)
Orchard
AREA OR INSTALLATION DELIMITING LINE
STATUTE
MILES
185
?
Meshknio
Vorshaya Pogorelova
`-10
EXTEN OF
CITYpT,AN
(/-1
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Borshayp koremisha
TRUE NORTH
1950
ANNUA1. CHANGE
4' INCREASE
1
KILOMETERS
2
3
4
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
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Shurino
arc0 t/ri
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, tons ruction,
hia!ny.
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Novaya B6gd?kha
G. U. RESEARCH PROJ.
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causeway
ricurbakino
Shirokaya Balka
s1i--14BR'SIK.
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7
102
1
Ososkin
47?
04'
46?
51'
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USSR
NIKOLAYEV
46?58'N-32?00'E
CITY PLAN
INSTALLATIONS
Boundary approximate
Boundary determined
RAILROADS
WATER TANKS
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SELECTED
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SELECTED INSTALLATIONS AND OTHER POINTS OF INTEREST
1. NIKOLAYEV SEAPLANE STATION. USAF Target No. 0250-8677 refers
to this facility as Nikolayev Airfield. This installation is operated and
used by the Naval Air Arm. Several possible barracks are among the
buildings in this area.
2. NIKOLAYEV AIRFIELD. USAF Target No. 0250-8745. Although this
roughly L-shaped facility is probably operated and used by the SAF,
civilian uso is also probable. Some of the buildings in the area may
be used as barracks and for the storage of ammunition. POL Is also
avallable.
3. AMMUNITION STORAGE AREA. Storage buildings in this area are
located on access roads, some are protected by revetments,
4. POSSIBLE MILITARY AREA. There are over twenty barracks-type
buildings in this area which accommodated a few thousand PW's during
and atter World War II. It may now be used by military personnel as
well as by shipyard workers or forced laborers.
5. BARRACKS AREA. These barracks reportedly billet Artillery troops,
the area contains other buildings and may also be used for training.
6. BARRACKS AREA. This area contains at least six barracks-type
buildings.
7. BARRACKS AREA. This area contains barracks and auxiliary buildings. ..
8. BARRACKS AREA. Barracks and other builaings contained in this in-
stallation have been referred to as those of a probable naval school.
9. PROBABLE MILITARY STORAGE AREA. Possible barracks, several
other buildings and open storage space have been reported in this facility.
10. PRISON. An MVD prison has been reported in this wall-enclosed area.
11, BARRACKS AREA. About seven barracks-type buildings, possibly com-
prising a naval school. Some of the buildings immediately to the west
of the area may also be barracks.
12. NAVAL PORT AND FUELING FACILITIES. This arca contains oil
berths and tanks along the shore and several naval administration
builuings
13. Post and Telephone Office.
14. Telegraph Office.
15. Monument. Probably of Lenin.
16. SHIPYARD. This installation, referred to by several names, ls reportedly
enclosed by a ten-foot stone wall topped with barbed wire, the area is
equipped with towers, and well guarded by armed civilians and watchdogs.
17. MILITARY AREA. Multistory barracks, administrative and other buil-
dings and many tanks and other military vehicles have been reported in
this installation.
18. PARTY HEADQUARTERS. There probably are many other government
buildings and offices in this sector of the urban area.
19. MVD HEADQUARTERS.
20. COURT HOUSE.
21. NAVAL SCHOOL.
22. BARRACKS AREA. This area contains multistory barracks and adminis-
trative buildings. It has been referred to as the Oblast Military Commis-
23. sariat. BARRACKS AREA. There are many barracks, administrative and other
buildings in this area. It is probable that the western portion is used as
a storage area.
24. BARRACKS AREA. Reportedly used by Infantry.
25. STORAGE DEPOT. Several large buildings in a wall-enclosed area, served
by rail, possibly a milltary storage facility.
26. Observatory and Signal Station.
27. "Dormashinan Plant. This factory specializes in construction and agricul-
tural machinery.
28. MAIN RAILROAD STATION, YARD AND SHOPS.
29. City Hospital. Some of the buildings directly to the east of. the area may
be barracks.
30. BARRACKS AREA. Several multistory barracks and other buildings.
31. BARRACKS AREA. This area contains six barracks-type buildings, its
present use is unknown.
32. BARRACKS AREA. Like installation #31, this area contains eight barracks- -
type buildings, Its present use Is unknown.
33. MILITARY AREA. There are about 10 multistory barracks and several -
other buildings in this large area.
34. NAVAL INSTALLATION. (See Area Map.) Reportedly a Naval Flying
School or Academy.
35. POSSIELE MILITARY AREA. Formerly used as a PW Camp.
36. SHIPYARD. Now known as the Nosenko Shipyard, formerly (Andre) Marti.
The installation is guarded and enclosed by a stone wall and board fence,
watchtowers with searchlights and dogs are used in its security system.
A petroleum storage depot lies in the northeast sector.
37. NIKOLAYEV HEAT AND POWER PLANT.
38. NIKOLAYEV PORT FACILITIES. Among the many storage and other
buildings in this area are two large grain elevators (pinpointed buildings
on the waterfront). The port's maximum unloading capacity (estirriated
military port capacity) Is about 15,500 long tons of general cargo per
day of 20 effective working hours.
39. PROBABLE RADIO TRANSMITTING STATION.
40. POL. More than 20 partially underground tanks and bunkers.
41. NIKOLAYEV/KUL'BAKINO AIRFIELD. (See Area Map.) USAF Target
No. 0250-8679. This facility of the SAF, primarily used for pilot and
paratroop training, Is also used by civilian aircraft. The area contains
barracks hangars, other buildings, and POL facilities.
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