FISH RESOURCES OF KAZAKE SSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 6, 2012
• Sequence Number: 63
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
I.A. MmiJw.
the to 1aeek ;nttnb1e for devr MPt
There tre mr~xW bte
nre the et'tt?Vn-t er likes Ara3 rind
tiabtnd t1a4!~aetxtee. The 0tetandt2g
3t)I-rrh. and lees taaport&flts lakes ra?x end b1t.IaV ? Atogether
d rtrelre xn 1s SIR ,here ltehtng to
there are sbont tBa 1akee eaa
nattxely oerrted on or ooe& be dwpe1ope1t.
~ O the , wc$ after the ootetrnottoz-
rtet~tr~ deer?laped~ sa-~i ~
of the rtt1roe4 to Rtebkent In 1905. The beeic ooa*e'tal iteh of the
Arel Se* dimming the met oent237 vas t eaalt etnrgeom, 1~tt wttb the
'
the tee of eller t~-pee of ltrh snob
o-pentflg of area oa*annt cat ions
and ernl rota has been W1de17 deYeloped.
se ~Tenr, csrp ..
there are 26 dt!lerent types of lteh to one Ari..axe oo**~i'ctal tslne are the
b " r rosch. ehen't-lteh, b~'bel,
eon elbnsfl1e oa~,dee, ,eeptge, ~,e1e~e
ptke perch e~; perch, eta~rg ~
, ..~ ~rdt~*e e~thropht~-1 (the ~+~t ~3 beto~.
tre~~e . eb~'e-~ta e~pa .. ~
t to the otxp faat1~ ).
The jor pert of th oateb,y fd pexre'-t, oonetete of the 11rst
e
~
of all Other tes of fish. Zn recent
three types of ltett ad 24 percent,
ha?e been lifted *e,t~ ftsht11 of *1b'fl/
titre the reletrtottone
?. i4 the rY~~~t~on of
Uet to the rtctntt7 of TOereehdentye e1eni .uw
aac~
thte tie of tteh hft* oorreepotdingi7 tnareaeed. the etnr~ceon reserves
e tXotfiatton and diee&eee, for which
sere &iaLtntshed through
seed rohtbttt11 their ftehtr. The etar,een
reeieon to 19~ n 1w e ~
. ~ _ to the ontcl~ee? ~toettttetl dttt on fish
nog e,~pearrR only xtx?i~
ht to the ATftL het show that the ltehtng tn4netr9' np~tx?nt' to not
en!ltoteVtt7 devetope+t. d'he older genettdne predo~tted oenoa the
r a tge of the fish is consistent. Crean
l~.eh , ~t r e-ttho the e
d Beare otd and roach d and 5 7eaxe old
d ~e~e otd~ ~'
htv~ pred ted !or some ttnW.
! I$L
mrIuL1
.
. Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
50X1 -HUM
50X1 -HUM
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
The cosaaeratally taportant fish of the Ar*i Sea grow more slowly than
stsstlsr t 7p. Of f task in the Casptan and Aror seas. AU this indicates
that aloe*erets1ly ralaable fish of the Aral Seas are not being full'
explotted. According to data obtained by a comaerctnl sarrq aoaaetra-
tions of braaa were observed at depths of .5 to 7 meters in September
aM October, but there had been no fte,hieg in the areas At the eeme
time fishing was carried on near the shores where concentrations were
sma11.
o the fish of which the reeerr-ee have hardly been touched are
?'' th.e alburnna chs1cotdee and the ebramie spa. In t1e falls when the
w~i "'o W 1 44aes 1 v~r7 fat and va11?f~', it, i~ 3i;L1e xiuiea.
There ism obriouely no doubt about the passsibilfiity of inscreaet the
catches of eevera1 commerct 1y valuable fish in the Aral Sea. Bitt as
farorsb1e condit tone in bream and carp spawntn have besu oboe d to
recent ye*rre, it is also adriBable that measures be taken to sesstst the
reprodaation of these fish reserves.
Vine types of fish lire in lie .lkhaeh: the carp, 3aluueh rtn
(.schtsothoraz) lliysh marinka, perch, ob, minnow, barbel, dace and
eeall sturgeon. Of these only three t7pee have nommercia1 tmportance:
the carp, perch a rinka. These fish are unevenly dietribnted through
out the basin. The carp are found in large coneehtratione in the sahailow
western parts of the Ise and the rtnka in the eastern parts of the
lake.
0 io* toff the b:g,M~1A W ~h4e cMN?W the fish;nr i ~o,~tr,~ n
I.ke sh had an eacinstrel~~- oonsu~er character. fishing on a ) ar, e
scale only began In 1929 under the Soviet regime,
of the total fish ht dart the ;fit 10 'ears, 60.5-78.4 per
cent re been carp, 19 percent perch, acid 12 percent prink.
The goby is dispersed widely firer the lake. In &pril and Ka goby
approaehe* the shares for spawning and c iu1d be si caught, but so
tar this be.s not been done.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
' M
bpert*entai lishtn in 1942 by ,
gcea~P 7 kn~, lisbini} to the dry of 3ertys
aes~rarch ~netit~-ta of
g,Ye during one night 20 kt1ogD$ gas of Roby per selsLe (a~* 2t3-22 nm'.
l"be Roby to alaoet the eq.aa1 of tfa,s carp iu load slue. If the gcby
were fmily sxp d, morn 'fOOCt re,AUrCe$ lfou1d be released for the
~,w~lte
more va1uab1a carp.
net~ seeIlnly has not reached its licit is ke
~b,~ fieb,i ind
lea.. This is is ttoated j- cos ratirely .tabl+
Balkhash nor is the Aral
oatckaes from a narrow trip of water near the ehore, and from the results
,
of the catches. The carp catches are ?5 percent
of a bio1a~ics-1 ,1y'eie
from 4 to 6 years old. with a conetderable mixture
to 80 percent, lisp
of ftsh up to 2 yeare of age.
i'rofeeear V.V. Petrov oiute OUt, that the 1kh&sh carp ie ttstt1
~1,.hdct a I rate of growth.
Mh,pbacks w which has a lri~ub~ specific reproduattvi~ty. Conoeu-
known as the
traced ti;ehlng of this group vtf iaat serve as a det,i.'~eflt to inGreJ
large catchee of carp in the coain? yeare.
Prof. 4V.d and the 3a1khaeh. sectton of them belteVe .
yp~R Je P~~r
that e-1oug with as increase in catches of carpi it is paesibl+e to increase
the C and martin. The decrees$ to !tshi of m arinkka
tiny oat~;x~ ee of arch
~,~ ~a phi faci~.tties
uctiCed in resent years has been :iue to poor use , ~t~M
, also
predomitee and
in the eastern part of the lake where the mtnka h
to the curtailmeut of net ftehing.
L, a ie located in the Zayefl valI+y ? The lake has . an
elated epe ItT southwest to ? uorthesst, the Ober' Irt7*L Biter
fal1e #,nto the eoutbeas
~hp-,s~ ~sau~~r ~ e represeute, a
~'lo~rt out of the rco~'thweetern part.
r~ideued part of the rtysb i,ver beat.
In ~;'ecu Lake are foliTLa 19 type' of fteh. lO or 11 typet v'e
.. di to data for j938 to 194, lake repreeet~te
co~eraial ra'lum. coflr
2.? ercent i roact 14 p.rceut, lee 11.9 percent,
~-2y1 percent? perch ~ p
ten 1.2 percent, stenadue Leuctchtye nelma
perms peke .3 Anent
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
 (salmon) o.? peroent, sturgeon 0.02 percent and 1. others 0.4 percent.
Itch found la Zsyean aloe having no commercial vslne at present
are the barbot, th y11saas greyli , char, sterleb, caber grayitng, gudgeon,
ruff and dace.
The seasonal dletrt'tton of the catch Is as fofovsa
Apr11-fir -
June-As1 44%
Septeaber. October aO%
The recent steady growth of catches le indladtive of favorable
condition for marine life in the baatn. The predatory pike and perch
preth tnate itt the catches. The sfe of the catches of peaceful itch
(ide, roach and perch pike) depend direat1y on the reservee of predatory
ft*hs
There is zto tishtn at ;present an approx1re~.te1y 13O,OOO of 178,000
hactarea of the lake water area. There is no fiskitng in the deeper parts
of the lake or far out from shore where a aoameresia11y valuable .large
perch could be caught. `he weetern sections where spavnt conoentrations
have been observed is inadecte1y expiotted. There to no ftshing at
x17 , piahin is poorly deveiopsd in he bottoa lands of the C.hernyy
~rtiys,~
a 1 are number of 1akee and etraaaa e The fi shim
there is of a pare seasonal c raeter, consinctecl only in A wti, Mi and
Deeeaber. During the rest of the year there ie no aottvtty.
t, hung on Z y nn Lalce shotL be devve oped oven a larger area and on
a eta of equalized explottatton of fish reserves.
T he '- _ a y Ai_,....~w1
kui !& ~,,+ {y ~ytC2 ,. co.,.....t..ri, w of $ ~',r~aiwY yam, perk r~ Maztriii ~~ ArU.r.. , $a~rl e ~ ~yk?
! 'n iev D
', s r d L177. ai1~sr~e;t of bhei Al 4u1'
hectares) and 5aeyk'4 ' lie (48, OC hectares ).
pica
?ia r L*ke'e iehthyrofaxina is ltalted to a few apeolee. tehing
here is poorly developed and iardeiy reetrtcted to rtnka, perch, carp
end go Y only the not horn pert of th,e lake' i1I~ ez , Lotted, that 1s the
lever areas near the estnnries of the Urdsha, tyn..u sod iie1 rivere,
and aroma Urds vk fir. The soath*rn and other pote of the lake are
*nexp1otted bec eue.e of their reaoteneua from recetvtng potntr,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
Dnrinthe snwsr in the eastern purl at the lake,
!br firhia~ in Be-syrlc-Kol ~aalce is likMs? 3aad.qua sir. devsivped.
the actions boated near the Ar+ t.T7tbe fisher7.
K*shk*rka ice is exploited onl7 during the winter see-eon.
The principal obstacle to the development of tt.ht on Alakul' lake
07$tom is the traneport*tion problem. Shipptng on the lalcae and carryti
processed products to the railroad line are very difficaslt.
taremo,et aaro fish caught to the Alm' lakes to the eartaka
(e& tsothorax carp), foUoxed br the perch, cusp ward grousd11ug. pishtng
bed about 1930 by the Okhotkooperatet3ra (hontt aooperattve).
The state of the fi a reserves in the Alas' takes w&rraotg au
tnorea+a to fishing. &s on Zaysan Lake, it is aec euar~' in the ftret
plaae to elieiuate the seaeoua1 aspect of ftehtug, brought on by Kolkhos
workers being bus on farm work. por .n izztie*, he ev er ftshi
season start$ dinari17 to the aid+ite of June, that tip, after the halsrtug.
y that tine It is necessar7 to exploit the deip water fish of the Alakol
bab bees, l tttle used by to fishi iudusti7. Asiug thew are the` river. in
4
lakes L'rat1'er tin the aware accessible earlier rwiJ.
Apart from the *ts axa*tnRtt there are ma lakes and rivers that
West Za*akb Oblast, Lake Oharkhal a iciiy sUer lakes and rivers in
are.
tch?carp, br a; peke perch. pike, perch karusts, teach nd others.
The Lit :fiver and i to syetem of lakes abound in fish, but the fish.
ug indaitrx here to far from fully de relope4
in the basins of syl?Qrda Oblast, Which inciude the lakes and the
botto sands of tip $yr r'7a River and the river tteelf , the prtnctpal
aoeratal f teh are the pike, carp and perch.
?he Irt sh basin ~? the sparnairg lakes of ?avlodar Oblast contain
pike, roach, karitste, tench and perch.
Phers has been soae fisht in all of the above aams basin, but
none of eig fic oe. Other arias of asakh $ deman4izi eaploitatton
i trade the Xur~ a+ishtn lakes of Minsk Ob1aet, the lar +st of them
bei -rl .'dsbtn, ulak-4~a ar, aubb-vaa' , pshal =, O~f
 Release 20 1 2/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000 100020063-0
-T*ban. The tnrgal'dshin lakes cosaeroial iaht)of&una consists of
.~ Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
are located vest of the city of gokohetav. laantavskiy ate has five types
ery,Jyl'dak and Chahar lakes, covering an area of 13,000 heatares. They
The rohety systea of lakes includes Ilanta vtkiy, Sautarl$tslw,
of the lakes will not be possible.
reQe$l~r been
4rjaij ap. Unttl this eondition t Ir1ish exploitation
ptrt, pike, reaeh, karucsis, tench and id.. ?he tanrgal rdshin lakes have
cosseroial ichtbyofanna consists of perch, ' roach,'/an& ksrnsie. The perch
of the deep, oold type, distinguished by a raptd turnover of hater,, Their
seer the borovoy. health resort on the Oask railroad. These des are
$hchuch'ye, and boronoye), with an area over 7,000 heetaree, is located
The porovoye groyp of l.akee (bol's~hoye and leye 0hebach'ye,
have been ineuffietently exploited.
spite of their high productivity, the reserves of the Kckchet * lakes
The other lakes have nothing but perch (9 percent% of the catches ). In
of fish in commeroial quantity: the perch, pike, roach, tench and ide.
predoaite in the catchae (60 percent).
king recent years a etroeg industrial growth has been observed in
the tascakhetan. Construction of large enterprises has been organised aud
come of them are already in operation. The giber of vorker~s is increas-
ing pthe population of the tonal and villages is growing. All this
increases the need for food. Load, fishing could help ansver this need.
Along with the broadening of the fishing ieda try in the J d
it will be necessary to introduce conservation and regujator ssea;u es.
It is also necessary to raise the biological productivity of the basins
by accllsatisation, pieoicultural and aeUorative word. In the Aral S,
ic, hjrofs . absent in this sea are p1 ton~eating, peiagio fish ,i ~
parti;o r17)*re biotopes completely uninbabited Iy slightly settled
1,
ue u. # T to ; deep water
ch have oelic roe (.het8 ' ?lea,
red 'llet aM other). ha shore scone oardil and ehiroaomtdae aolln.ksr
are not fully uttltsed ae fish food became there are no typical aellusk?
eabi fish (soh as gob) living in each areas. ,.
.c;i!'!riuTIA I
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0
this points to the neoeeoity of oalosing the Aral Sea Yttb +Mi a new t7pe$
of invertebrate and fish life. It would be useful to establi.h
fpeoia3. projects for the seleetion of objectives for accitaa-tisatton in
pu*erou$ forms of invertebrate cra yfteh ! MyeUe, corophtidao, i~M
a*-ce$ teopods) havtng high eslorio vslue and betigg desirsble food for
eoq~' fish, are not present. :
There are no polyobaeta worms and eery few types of aaalluekr. AU
the Aral S eea.
The acelistisation measuree should also be conducted/ in fake palk-
hash, Zayean. Nor Lake and others.
The construction of large trz igat Tonal projects Will undoubtedly be
refi.~ced in a lowering of the fish reteervas, partieulariy those of the
migratory type each as the Syr- riyo sseall sturgeon and barbel, the
apawnin, grounds of which are lc ted abave the Baas which are under
constriction, yor brae reest*bliskaaent of these reserves, intenstfied
metbo&e in fish-breeding a*et be used.
The area of the rice ftalds wall increase as s result of irrigetiona1
Canstraction. ThAiC new areas could be teed for c*rp (oyprinus carpio)
breeding. Piah..breeding in 1Ca*akh $8E in rice peddiee has not reoetrred
due de~ral opsent .
One of the abetoclee locally is the lack of breeding pond rateriale.
The kolkhes and eovkhos fish?brreedtng is also tn*daquately provided with
the fish breeding aateriale.
We ,mot not hesitate to dertake speciel aeliorattrre work in
clearing swamped lakea. Those projeote conld have good effect fran the
point of view of replenishing fish reserves.
The rich fish resources of eakh basins Justifiee greater
attsnttan to the &svelopment of that republic's fishing industry.
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/06 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100020063-0