DETERMINATION OF AVIATION GASOLINE OCTANE RATINGS BY THE 1-C PROCESS: (COST 3337-46)

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 22
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 22, 2012
• Sequence Number: 22
• Publication Date: January 5, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
STAT
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
. : . ? I l2) :
D~WEti~fThAflUN of AVIAON-~ASOLINE
ocTrN akrrNa~ ~~ TF 1=a P)e~ss
fluroa ar~d ~rapho ~rc uppendc7 . : ?: : ? . . . , . .. : ? ? ? ? . : . ? ? ?.
This ~tandi~d detarn~inco the. detonation stability - e~-sre~sod in
ootant ratinCe - o' &via~lon ~toOUInU~ by bho i-C procouu.
Pha acbarGiJ rir~~ ~o detorminod is numorcally oqt&. to bl~ pex'-
cantU 1~ volwnm aX ioo~atano f2~2+4-tr~mc~~,ylpant~~e) in ~ rnix~ura o~
d~ ?f~wg an tiwua~~wr~
f.eao otano and na b ho ptanQ ? The ispis +~+ st~btliby of tltto rziiza
i~ uqu9.v11ant to bhLb o~ tho Eo~tad tool thrin~ stn expot'imen~al oontparieon
i ~
f
1
f
E
d
u~r,
rur
'For r1l01B k1vinc a Er~at~r!w~ s'tability tt~n isooetane, the
~s /efht fotl
~ stab#J.ity is oxproassd a~ an arb3.trAry (exrapolabedO octane
ratir-~.
Oatano r1binL; a~ deterntinsd by the 1-C procaa~ is deDigr-atsd a3
Pot1ovrs: 0. t~./1-C; ter ex~smple, 95/1-C?
i. To antar.~~ the ?.4iiduii stability of L'tci1s, use the sot-up
described in the supplement.
Z. Pi16*' cal9.bratin,_ ~: ~'usls
The fol7.owir-~ arc bo be used ns primary oc.tibrwin~ fuels : ..
a) Normal heptana
b) ?Ssooabano (2,44r3.methy1psntan~)
c) Isoc~tane with an ~dniicture oC tetrasthyl lead in tha
dorm oC athyl liquid Rr9 (COST -44)
1\oX'1t1a1 hop1rie and isooctano mush corrospond to 1O9T 511-4i (1ep1~ced by the
vn3on stat~ gtanatrd i11-46).
RESTP:IOTEO
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wm.
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
?9ll4r! CJ?
Fr eeaand~arY oa~i~rebin~ i'ue1~ the a7J.awLng ere. reoomner-de~t
'rechntoa2 isooctane (11) wibh ar octane r~atin~ 0l'92-
93 ~o determined by ths mover prAeeea
AYiabi0n '~aOC1il'te dpi'&Qtly d$dti11661 ~2'9A4 1kt3 0i
B-7Q Of31012-44 (RepZaaed by t6ie A11-Onion
Stag tandarU1012-4~) 'P~eEtica1 iooao1ane with mil].ilit~rs Per kilogram
d) GLeolino 13-70 with t 3 mi11i1iter~ por ki}.og'am a?l-
onixt~-re of: R-9 C91W70?
4. e cIob~rtnino tho axp}.osiva atabi1igr of fttols having octana
1o~s Ektan,90, use ?ua18 ~psciPiud in ?ubparaCraphe (a) ~rnc (b)?
Far ~inil~r cieturmir,(-~:LOnB involving Pug1a wish actan~ ratin~s in
oxceoe o3' 90, employ Su~la epec#.Eiod in subparagrapha (c) and (d)
To ~.n~ura ~raater experiat&al yiGld, each batch of secondary amli-:
bratinG luela and tHrir puro ffilacturaa ae wool as those with 3 ~n31lil:ttere
per ki1o~rwtt eZ ltr~ added must bs c&Zibrated a~ainat the primr:-ry calibratin~
?uol~ in no less 'ku-n Live 1cI1bo1toric3.
Av~raCad r~sulte of the calibration should then be arranged in ~ ~ab1~
or a graph showing trans~or from the secondary calibrating; ?ue1s to the
primazy. 'lizis is to be attached to the reBtL1$6 Ob'E3.1?18$ Wi$h 8@COridal''y
Caiibratir-C ?ue~.s. s~Eers/:+r~
Na- ~tet I'b is perrciseibte bo use the U." 5.,fia1ibrabin~ Purls
ded{,yl lead.
9tM and 8+'".
s
II I .' P~ga~amzdr~ _i
In basin 1`1.e18, the Lo11.ow3.ng eng3.ne opasa~Sn
ba observed
conditions are
a) RevoS.u'bione par minute, 1200?42
b) Constant apa~k advance, 351 de~reQ 'bo fop dead center
for `aI1 degrees o? comprase~.on
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
o) Valve clesr~nues of a oold e~~~.~@c
7nteke vs:Lva, 0.2 mii2imra (O.U08 inahos)
d) Coo1ant ton4pdra~ure' 190?~ degr~~e Centigrade
(974t 9 de~reae Fahrenhoit ), which ia meueu~'ed
try ~":tl~rma tee inoartod into tY~ oylind@r
dr~~n pipos
~J Coolant, ~~hy~ana ~~yaol
P) Iitako ~ir t~mp~ratur~, 52=3 de~ro~s
(125'5 da;raa~ F~hronhait}
g ) '~~~nPe~bur~ or bha'h~atact mixtu'e~i 104?4? l,da~rto
Ccn:U~re~do (220k a dsgreua FQhranheit )
i ).:. ?O1: . (~osT 1O1.'41)
j) O~Ankctaa~ ail pres~ure,
kj Ci,rburotor adjuatmsnts To obtsin maximum thmrmoceuple
raadin~
1) Potenbiomstar 8dju~:tmant, zero zeadin~
sit) 5tandard t~inner~~ur~ is es~ab:t,ishod ?or pare ben2en~
and a mixture of' ~t7 P~resnt isooctane plus 13 per-
cent normal hsptana.
n) : ThA humidity nj' the int~ks air durir g the teat Enumb
be within 3.5-7 drama oS water.v~.por pox' l kilogram.
of dry air (from 25-5 grainy of water vapor per
Etussian pound of dry air).
o) 'Corrtpriseion, variable
2O.7 ki1orarn per
oantim~tar (6ot1o Liaiaj pounda per sqtair
Lussia~] inch
6. Thy micsbmeter adjustment ~.s checked by pourin11,0*0.y mu111-
1ibei'9'0? W~1$8~'
into
the co~'busCion ct~-rtbothrough the thermocouple.
open~.ng? 'Thy water should rise to th~ upper 1evs1 0,f bhe opAnin~ with the
vulvas closgd and p~.ston at top dead center : a. position corresponding to
3-
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
bhi ba~innin~ o~ tY-o Wark1n~ cx~Ie? In th~ ~kie ~ompre~eSo~ti
mjarantrax moat tndicate Q.g inakiee which aorr~uponde to t aem~re~~ion
Therrmerocugl~ ra:~ingo, by mear~a of wh~oh oottn@ ratin~s are
&-d &~o
Jud~ad, di~~ar for L`tt~le with dtaz'ant
dotarmined by;tt 1ino~ oY sbtnct~rd temparatur~e' Pl~oc lines era
ceristruated th thi~ m~rin~ra
a) ~'irat tha ~n~in~ i~ wgrmadups `Phan puri bon~cn~
is ~~~d into one o~ thfl aarburator ?u~rl coinpart-
L1rtt3 tnc1 mixture cor~b~inin~ ~7 P~rcen~ i0ooebanJ
and 1j Porcant flCJrmaI pi~pba~is into the o~h~r. o?
a ~ivea cornree~ion ra.tio a maximwn rtJaedin~ aF rho
?bherrnnaotpl@ i.s obtainad Lo z' ouch el.
b) ThQ mfxturQ aomps~itioa 9.e rntinbmanod tar a mctxiinum
?te~np~r?+buro rc~d1.na;, and the r~~io at compt~~ei~n
ie then varied unti1 th? ~hetrnotouplC reading is
ia~~-tica1 rar both r~tozs, The rate of can}prs3~ion
ttcia gch3ev~d de6ormir~es otte Point on ?Gha lire o~
standard tsinporaburbs, Gho' po:Lnt or equal terupora-
burs. of b~nzeno end the 97 percent octane miirturea
'2h9.e po9set of equal trnmp~raturs ~.s deter~nifled on the.
basis of no less ttan 3 trials for each ?ual, ` trig1
re~uS.ts being avara~ed ?or each fuel.
In dotermining the post o~ equa:t tempsrathire the
dLscrepancy between average tiampnratures, emp1oytht
benzene a?d the ieooctanO mixture, muet nod exceed
1 do~rss Csntigr.tde (2 degrees xahrenheiG)?
obe! 8mnaG the variation of compxessinn - nicgss~ry in arr~.vin~`
at the aquas temp~era?b~s~e po~.nt - is apt to cause a
ahanin mix1ure aompos~.~ian at the
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$he ~o11ow~~ p~oedure 1e xec~mrn~r~~oar
1) Ii1sintgn1n~ bye, prelirninaq gdJustme~b
o~ the mixture coiapo~?tien ?cr meacimu~n
,'be~perature (eubpera~xaph 'a' ) aorr-
pre~oien variad until oqua]. b@mpera-
1ur@a are cbt~?ned for both t1wla.
`2) for ~ ~ivofl compr~Eajon, tt~t rnixtura io
ad~uetQd far mudmtwt;?. tampera~ura, and
in caae oL' nQCaeoity, eompjon ie
c1otorinind once tin.
a} Wibhout cF~s,~in~ th~ rnixuru oompo~itia~, aid working
with borizono, cornproaslor~ is decrcae~d by 1 unit,
end a b~:nporat1t2q ~ reading ii baker.
~) Tho graph of fi~ur~ i (Cant etjan of the ~banclard
'Pemp!rabulo Lfne) has compression ratios ehov~m
1].on~ that abscloa~a axis, trsd the thet'nocouple
raadin~e a1nn~ tha crcl:tn$te Point 'a' au3d
Ed r joinac~ by a daat[ed ling on ?i~ure 1 ropx'esa
tGrnpGt'aburts for bvr~ different compression ratios
wEr~n ti+torwith bentione, and are labolsd lithe
benzene line".
Point rb' of dfugr8m is 1ocated at a tsmparabure
equal.: to t14t oS point 'd' , plug * o~ 'the tempQra-
furs dirfereflca bGiween poir-ts Fat and Cdr, for
a
campresaion ratio equal tc~ teat a~ point 4l d
Strht 1 t "r~wn 'Erou&h the point
f$
;equal ts~erattras o.t' benzene end the mixbura off'
caJ.ibraUn~ ?usls o,f g7 octanaJ ~d3rat 'b') is c2.1od
the line or s~ar~dard ~emeoratu, by magna o~
which ~ d~h~rm.r~~,tion o~ the da4?.ia?~a.~
stability of
1'uels :La made. This con~tr~ta~ion 3s shr~vn
on ?igure;ls appended.
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
~~he st~1ut1r(I ~emratsu'e 7:in@ u1ust bQ deterred
dm~2y be~ore ~es~s'
~'9r bh~e daffy deter; Lion . EnLaet4E~~ oL' o~aoE4~ry
caLibr~bin~ ?teela e4~.1rsted inet the pr~nA~y
Q~1tbrat.nt tUe~.c aan be'uaeaj tk~ prica~sy ~ualo
hawin~ urn 'oc b~ r~atin~ o~ ~? ao de'bor~n5xted by
: ? bhe at~tor
3. 2L ~ Mtxt~,~e CQ,~Anr for l~a~.rma~ m~arab~-~
cptul~ti()n of rni.Ytuct@nt ?0u' unex,En-um tpoa,*bure is oroeted
~
by ehari~ing the aura-lvvd1a in ? ertMr~tor Ai~1 camp~rtK~~n~e oentn1~nl1M
tti~ taabod twe1 ~nd bhe rniacou~o aC calibM~in~ Fua1i, ranpectival'
a)
Under ~fv~n test th traid oS' bhls
Y'OgU3.~b$OCt C0~'p83p4fldth~ t0 temperature inoroase
i~
cEs~~rmino~t, and the miure'ooctont is vgriu1
until btu 'therr-ooauPie reading is c maximum. The
?tt~rl level .-at 'bhi~ paint is flobsd.
b) Ei,vth~ oatabliehad bhp ?u31 1~v~1 for maucin-unt tempera-
t1tr9, the cnixturo ie bhor- onriched, iba level buin~
~,i~ con~scuGively by Z ~radutation of the rnet4uring
graclua,bsd ~la~s-sca:La. 'the tomparatura reading
carreapondin; to each 3tie1 lsval #.s roods 1kiis
enriolvnentk o? the ?uol mix'turm is continued until
bhe tomverature hae fallun at 9 do~r~ss
F'ahrenhe:.t (5 da~rees Conbi~rado).
o)' The ?ua1 level is a~ain sob Lor;maxLinum tempo rature,
and the pmcadur0 of aubpara~raph (b) ie repeated,
wh11a lowering 'tho ?us1 level.` 'Phis ~.owerthg :.a
conbtr-ued until the tsmpsra~ure has ?8i1en at least
9 de~rees F1hrenhei.1 (5 ~ dogree9 , cen'Gigrads ).
ct) 'Phe fuel. lays/. 3s again sad by means oC ohs ~raduabsd
scale to an average Neva1 corruspondir.g to the
maactmun- ~en~pdratura sleadin~s obiaisisd hr,rotoforey
R
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FR
r
end t1i.~ level. eor~~sp~n~s ta t#~e opt~.mWn`
mbuWs, composiuon to ve ina~?inum te:nper~-
tt~re ?
This ruei level paat b~ ur~hns' `b
~ko thts~ tokp~ratura reodLtgJ ere igain'tak@n
Apr ?itr~l leval L 6igt~sr a~id lower
than Ghe ore ~aund. it fd~ one c~ bhoaa new
1~v~lo, a t~inp~raburo in oxc~oa @t tho ano
rouncl ie react, the ~n~iro regu1b~o
waa periat':ntd ariefleouoly, end ?b~ie wkiole
~race~s mube
~otora rQ(;ardin~ tho; r~Ac1inge allow tirno ~riau~h
for tho to~partturo to bac~ma atablli~ad~
:rho ?u~1 1ovA1 c~xraopon~l~rL to ttu3 ~n~st'linwn
be;nperutut'o ~nu~t U.a bctwuen the O.8-.S
~1"~C~ll~tr~@t19 or he $~?~188~9CA~.Q? 0~' Ci31"tB,iY3
fu~1s, rui~i1~ne~jt o~ ttiSa can~lit:Eon might
r~q'ai~e a ctiart~e in trio no~zlG di8motar' Etoic-
avgr, ir this cor~dtbion cannot be met when
warkiaLc wi'bh the pricnary cat4br8ting ?uelg, the
~uol ~ystern1 t~ proEx-~ty closds
N. S'rAR`PTNa V S19PPINO U~ T, EtE L'~tG~ `
r bin '
$) Oil about 4 liters) is poured lnto the arankca~e
as far as the upper edge of the peep window, artd
the e10a'r3c oil haaer turned on.
b) Ethylene g1Yco1 is Poured into 'the cylinder jackob
e~'crs
to a ie',gi o:L'zo mi11i from the bottom edge
of the peep 'window.
ED
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Ii S .. TI CT LO
`d
1
g~~1 ~~ poured ntt on6 oP tt~
001t4jk"t~'~A1al`L~6 t~ 7tfii'I~l 11F t~t4 @I?!&fl8i
bh~ oandonC0i1 i~
vp6~ed to maake sere that te1' oir~ul
tlvrc+u~h t ~i oa ~.].
bh@ on~ine iv ~tartad and tha erL~kcaaA oil temA~ra~ura
rUaohoe 45-5th do~rc'~ ~a
~) urtt on tha mvhgir-~anAra~o~
cI. Cneat tho;reed-loo
11. 3ton~ina th~
5top.the en~inu ~s i'~1~,~rsa
Q) Dlocr,nMot rho Y~t31 ?88fI-Line
b) ; 'Corn or~ the i~nitide~
aj D~.econnao~ ?thu el~ct ric swib ehes
V. C~ttnUQL
. t
S ~
12, `Pt~o tes b i~ co-Pa 1 thO ro11owth o er~tione
a} Abtainment or avarsLe ox~~rimantr~1 acndttiona
workin~ with bh~ tested fuel.,
b) Comparieon'ot the tested duel tiwitIh the calibr
Pus1s.
Z Att~inmant oP llvsr~.:e . ericne tal Condition w3,th the TaBted Fuel
3
g) With tha en&.na warmed up, a compression ratio
is First estab1iehed somawhat below 11~ 4t.. .
Vih'1ah rho abandard trnnpcrtUr0 is expected'
Thor sw3-tch the engirse bo the tsetad Lual.
,' b) 'ohs m~.xra 3e then rougt1Y re~u]gbad for
maximum totparatuse,:snd,tlie aomPr'ession>
control.Lad` ao' i4heb tha ~~Arnp;eratur0 js some
.:. : ? ? . H ? :,, ' ? RESTRICTED . . .
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
W~i&t b19Yf the Bt~llUAi't1 t@tt{pciS@.
`Phe u~is;tur@ tt1efl i~ r~gul~tad Lvr rni4raum
tetnpariture ~aoQtLr~g to para~rapFi ~
Compreoai4n ?s tin8l1y ruJ.ate~C so tint
the ttlerrnq~ouplo rawxi rGet dor
b?r 4re t~ 2 de~~ees F~hrenh~lt (1
clegrae Centi~r~de) ?r~Ea th?a abaucfar~
tt~re j ~orr~o~9n~lr~~; t~ tl1~ ~iv~ri
eair~r~eee3.~-~ rule .
E~os~ tha dotarrnin~d compro~~iori c'tic,
the ceraparlo~ the ti ?uu1 with
a, rn.4~rouro of t~s~ e~liba~~~ln~ Fwl~ ins
bh~n rn~ft~.
14. Com~aan o' ttl~ ~~~bod iui2 wlbb tha Pt3.xturu e+f Eibr~?binw t~'ue1
This contparlsori l~ acotai' as follcrvss
tL) witt~ub ehLn~ br~~ c~hpr~~~~~n ~stabl:lolieet
?ar tl~ toitud ?uOI, faro rni;c~ure~ ~t
c~iibr~birs~ 1'ue1~ era pourud into btta
erlpty ?ad1 comgsartar~r~ts. Th~ ir111jct~tro~
pro so chown to givo one large end
one em~11 retdin~ o~ rho thermocouple
re~pentively, compared to that obtiiinud
with the teated i'uol.
Ee~alation o~ the mixtur~s for maxirniun
temperaturs is conducted separately for
each mixture.
b) Having picked 'bwo.aomposibione oC calibrating
fuels between which lies 'the tasted duel,
F
ohs engine is switched a1ternte1y to the
tastod ?nals and the cal.ib;ra~ing,rnixturos.
Thke' at leas; t11r?a rta-nperature rsadings
RESTflICT,
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ft
ST
i:or enoh ?u~Lo Atter' Aaah evfohover,
a7rlow time for ~h~ to:k~p~ratur~ b,
biJ.iae it~oU' 1Q VU make ,a re?~~-
fh-ee the avori~e-mperat~ire r?1uclln
rcr &1 tt~6 ?ia:Lu e~bta.4r~act, the
er~a~~-~~:~b#un ~rP uLGr~btfl Lue1
9tQ~~.~~i)r
ftil.jt~itli'Q (~iAYi#1t, ~i M~'~~
equivalUn`b to tliat ettQ te~Cod ?Ue1)
i~ then ~iven by the 'inulea
tNk-~r~ s
percAntaW ccnrtpoait~.ofl or tha 100
exPleL~vo c~librutinj ?uol in btjo
ca:uLbr~tin` ~uul mixbuiv, ~ho
n-~xturu txoin~, rno axE+l~tvo than
Gtur t?JEitksci lual,
octnic no lad for a mixtura i?ay
qxplca~iva to~tad !'ue1;
- mQ Ll1arici :for an aquiv~larib
te1, b2 quid t~- taiapor.~abures tar rnspuetivs Suela.
In oasa~ whdn b}i~ ' b~mtod udi i~ eamp~ued with :L8ooct~sis
contiining variou3 adndacturaEi o1C R-'9, tho }-9 content
?~o?,,.~,lto eflu1v11ettb micturd 3.s `campuGed by t2i~ same
3annu1a, cons?der3.n~ 13 to 1ndictto t-9 oont~nb off` tha
?U91 a
The nc~ano rtttth~ of the ?uu;L is flbund ,from the cnmpubed
mixbure and the tsansf~r srn
'rtL.s rAbin~ must b~ cietsrrtUJied withth an aocurncy oL' 0.1
octane unit.
flFT1CffU
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gt#~ the tt1thre
tYwx~u~k~.y bei'oro pouring it intn the
iu~?- tanks n4 ~~st fro-rirws tnQ
piping with the s~rno iuQ1.
During tha tut, aheak tt~ erin condition
E~ rtut^ni* bhe i~n~tion. Combuotien
ohoujl tl ceao~ #n~tantiy, in bath t13~
au tr th~ bd ?uOl aid tt~* oQiibrat1es
miisture~.
Oaourranoo o~ Plaoheu with tha i~nitien oX3'
fndic~t@a en~in~ 'doi'acts? Tho boob ~heu1d
or course bo ~bopp~d unt1l suah a cor~lition
is carr~tid? C~uoA of thtao dOtects ie d~a
to t Carbon ?~rm~tian in the oylindar, ar to
/sack c1epoeite on sparkp1uu4 electrodae.
VI. Cut~sTttgFt W P1 3CkE,~
iq. In order bo c~r-atruct a brarE~teX-saflle from euconthry to priinhry
calibra'bin~ 3us1s, Beebe in paragraphs 12-14 urc part"ormad?
In etrctatii~ this scate, Pr~!'r c~libratin~ duels gr~ used
as'test ?ttels along with cotme~ponding aquivalsnt mixtures of ~ecundasy
calibrating Fuels-
tiYhan comparthC the individual ca1ibratin~ Fuels (ox'bren-0 Painte
of LGhe soale) with tho primary oalibrnbin~ ?ueZe, the secondary oa1ibratin~
Eu01 serves as a btat'?usl.
A primary calibrating Fuel tnixturo ie made up by volurtte, +rfr-il.s the
secondary is made up by wei~ht.
16. ~ela~ionshS.p between the primary and eDcondezy ca1ibra1ing duels
is reAre~ented by a ~rah, the abscissa o,f which reprssdnta ~ha psresntage
ot a escnnd~.ry c~~.ibratirig duel in mixiura with another, and the ordinate
PP898flt8 c~~res~ond~ng porcees a? isooc~ins iii. in ure with normal
. . ' .. U. .RrSi[ll.cTEJ . ., :'. ... - . ..
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
h6ptACt6 (oc.flfl I'ab~tit)? 1fl:BE11Rp1~ ph :GbP $h9 $flB~@r~B@a~6 1B
ehoim en Pigare 2 (SwmAle raiager Seale Prim Beeondery to F'rian~e
i~r~ttn~ 1tw.)s i~oeFban~ i?-9 a o~Par~ta graph ie
~igura 3i aPA~nded~
Thu rating d~.~Foce~Qa b~ttiva~n two uixbur@~ oJ oeoondaVY ca~.i~?rat-
in Laoi~ far cobLfle tin~e 1eeQ thai 100 ehou~d no~ exoaocl 2 aatane uzt~ e,
arid Por ~3~a~ with eutana r~t1n~s in oxaoao o~ 100, the dLL~axenao ot-oul
not 10 AA'eont e~ tea c~nbont oY ono ca1ibrating ?uo3 in miaeturo
with bhe other.
In uUth the oc~l~ for tIIeoootn~ + Ar9", tMo d?jfCarsn6a betwaon two
a&.ibr&tiflg ?U al1Oul~l be ae f~l~.o~rre~
Ef~UIilAi~kr'~1're nb' ISt~C~'ANE 'R 4C CAL~131V-'CINO U~L9 ACCOc`tE-
rtiQ ~ ~9 COHNT IN
RG.9 )hILL~LIPEi~ Fd~ KIIA~
o.z
O:G
O.y
From 1.O~a 1.5
1.0
I`rom 1.5 to 3.4
Irk: exco or
1?5
17. The '-scale must be c. nstr:cte+1 for each icidividual engine.
To o~natruct tttiis ~cLie at s.sast 4 points are necdoa invoivint 'hc 9V/@
and 90 peruont, 95 percent and 100 p~arcent ~.eooctanas in mix'bure with Pri-
tnary cu1ibrat3ng foals.
1!I, ..IIyChAClc Gr the 8tlA1Pr+ d a~~ Y'y` calibrathr~? ~Ze1m. &J,01Y1t1 b8
made aftGr ovorh&ulin~ and cle&rsing carbon from the en~ina, after ?h~okirig
the ,~~parature-msasur~.n~ dev9.das, and upon crian~3ng sacon&ry eniibra~in
duals. When checkin~ the ac&t1e, exam~r-at~on of the two sxirema points ie
uauaiiy sutgiciant.
DisorepncY in the clieakpo~n's should not sxouad 0.5 octane unit
on rho cerrespordin~ pAthts o~ the for greater diecsap~-~o~.es, the
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~31d tkl@ tit6L166t~~[t~ ~C16trUtR6~itB 61ioAild W th6p~OtHd+ wtd $x'16 60s16
19. os' a even an&.n~ an~S #'aet, the ~~.earepunaiee fietweeY parallel
d~$Ot4iiSAti0i1Q OP OQtOSlO 3`&tiC1(~ 6h0ul4 not tiPY* FR9~'@ thltl+rO-~j OfltOd'1@
tiFl~t fr0{~ bh@ tV~t'acu l"BBti.t 0t1i@ ~i6G~rQ~
20. For'taoto a~nthctcd iai ititerent boratori~e, thin diaaropartcy
ahogd not differ by more thin i ootano unit from tttio ~ribhJn~ti1 mae~n o~
the tte.
__o?~Ftion-af~~he ?A,gP~~ YI~Nk~st,o,
2n tho d~t~rmination aF oot~no retinge, a C11 mcbhod
1-C ~.nat~Ils~ioss aEtovrn on ri~uro 4 i~ tteu~?
U~nscnl TT Vievr'of ~ho Inotallation'
1 - 2rl3crornax PotentiometOr
2 -Air intakc'pipe
3 -Air hosting tank
E1ectric air hoa'tsr
Air thermomOter
6 - v~atsr inlet to the rondsnsar
q - An openixig Lox' the coclinIL lic~uid providBd with a cork
8 - Tharrcocouple
g -Compression mic~^omster
10 - Cr~nkct-se
11 -Crankcase oil thtake pipe
ya . L3~h1 g1aes to ot~ssrvs the crankcLss oil ].ava1
1~ - Crankcgee oi1 drain opening
14 . Cylinder tighten~ng handle
is -oil tilter
16 - Oil coo1in~ water jacket,
y7 -Water oub1st: froffi the a33. ra~diaior
1g -A9,1-condit3nnin~ ?reszthg aolunm
,.. , H :H . :RSTfl1ET
13
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
A Pou-aya~~ c;JUIflder i-terna5. eorniaustiort en~1M with a varla~la
campres63on rario ?~crm 4 t0 1G i~ ueac~. the aY
h~ack ire at in one pioce. Compraoe~ofl ia varied ty moerns at g worm or
m~chanier~ and -~pw~rd ty dour sPr~-~~, hO p~~~on
is rnada of &wminwn wibt~ Pine which tiro bhrae upper onaa are
campre~a9.ofl r.4n~e aEul the 1owor trao ~ma oil rtht. Tie upper va1veo are
oZ tha eusPOnaion V~iv~o are id wtt~ at11ita. 'rha or~seke3~
RI~lfI6 o~ CtlBt in iYLth two piston ca~nt~rt~alaneee. (It ia parmis~ib7.e to
+E
u~e+i M aranNcese~d3.n the rs~tor mo~hod, CFUST 5iir41 ? In this ov~nt two
vont~l~ttad opanin~e 12.7 ~113cttoor 0.5 iach in diammatc, pro to be
driUed in e or1nkcno? w~il on thu eido of the tr~nemiasian pinion hoar
nd eNavo the +~il 1tv~1? `1'k~~0a opentrtte nrQ n0cussary in ardor to aquali.ze
Sins axid' oon-
praesuro batvresn the pinion sear ? and the crankcaso?)
otr~coUon eZ tfia un~ine arcs similar tu tttine~c aL' the ?rine read ?or testinQ
or Fuels by bhp muter m~tho8 (OU511-41). Iniit:Eon is iPI'ected ~r means
of sir induction cod, oi which the primary ettrrent is suppliad by a 17.0-
volt, 220 watt DC gcnerator contaSned in tho in~talla~tion, or by ~ ma~no?to.
9p~'k ~dvanco is a~s1ie't~d by a neon ttthe pltoed ineide a n~$tin~ hard
rubUer disk on thecrankshagt.
Start:th,C ar~d ttrakin~ of the oflLine is e~feobed t~- a ehor~-oircuited
9y~chrnnous elQCtr~.c motor, 22o/3~o wits, 50 cy'c1se, connected to the
engine ~r moafls of a belt trarsemia~ion. This motor starte the en~ittae and
dur9.nC opOrUtion brakes tho engine and keeps i gointr at a cnnstant number
o?' rovolutinns per minute (1200f12).' the cylinder aoolin~ is of the
thermosiphoriic evaporator type, and et11y1ene' g1yco7..is wlse4cooyin y~.
Lubrication of the engine 9.o e?t'eeted by a presaure Pipe Zoeatsd in
the crankcase and da1iver3.n~ 0il to the main end connecting rod bear3n~s,
~Loating piston pin arid tie camaha?t.
To cool aY-d:Liiter the,arankcase oil, the oi.1. ?i1ter and orator radiator
are jt~sba11ed on ohs base pate ? `
RESTRiCTED
for Release
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2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
IAo ~ollavri.~~ are tlia ert~~n~ sF~e~eio~~c
Di~mebor ct th~ cylinder Urnthes)
3.25
~.25.
Lent:th o~ piston etraka (fnoho~)
CyTincliQp2u~amm~r(niii~.litora)
4.5
0.612
0.612
9'
Vt1ve c1motor (thho)
1.1~7
1.1
?
CAnn~et~n~ sad blnC diana~~r (inches) a?23
2.25
Cos~t~ac$in~ root Vo~rinL 1en~th (ir-ohoe)
1.625
1.625
F'ont main bcarin~ diametor (iieh~a)
2.25
2.25
Front rna#.n bearing lonL;bh (inch)
2.00
2.00
Itoar main basrinb d4amet~' CfncKo9)
225
2,25
car math baarin~longth (inahca)
t
4.25
4:90
t~].e~on pin di~matAr (inchos)
125
1.29
Diab~nca betwr oonnectth~ god oe~inehee) 10.00 10.00
t~
Trc~nsai~sion peon ~?ar width (inch) gLdp 1.00
y 5
Number of pi~~O1.t
D:Lan-ater at' axhauat pipe (finches) 1.2 1.25
9par[tp1uC dictmeter (thohea) is 16,Cs#'c
~s..tf. ~, s'tandafd ~`a /8 rnsri f
Approximate waight oC engine (kilo~r?tne) 300 350
ApproximAte wei~hb o3,nstQllation ; 1000
(kilograms) 850
c;a ur j?oo
'Phe carburetor has three separate ~loatIIt chambers 'with thre
Ft18~.
tanks. .each ?loabin~ chamber has ita ovm'?u01 spraying nozzle and a
graduated ~laea 8C&1g for -narkin~ the level.
Thrnin~ I scrsvr attachment 1ownrs and s~a~.sse the Fuel tank and controls
thg level (mixture oantent)? 9witohovsr o~ the ?ue~ ~tnks is etfea'bad by s
-thraQ-w~,y patcook. 9ttoh carbureto~ annatru,otian allows the engine 1o rii
r,
. f_:;, , f . ..s. ..'?'. )sh?.~ ~. , Ni, ?;-''?. r;laF~ ~ ~' yF'"~, a ""i? ~ F' ' ' ,? ?'
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
cn various Yaithou$ i'irab ~huttin~ it off .
'g1e Qarbureto~ has ~ lontal het end Utiusor with s diumetar ag
19?rfl.Qmi'klimeter~ (Qs~5s0~Q01 I.nflhau)?
eent,ert is re~ul~ted eepLrate1y Foy each iI1o4st ~ ohamberr
rrhe tho Ate1 level. is d~te fle~ by tI~ noIe
No ~t&uidard tr~rottlin~ ~M1va ie u~ed.
/t tot ?CIBIl1;Lli(, lflf!$gUi0 Bar@6{i LB 1r}B@rted t76tW@6fl bh~ @&rbtiP8t03'
ar~E ttE~ hat~r far tea m#xtuao? A ep~ei4 19 mi11iirtit~r uoppor-aabe~toe
basket is p1cod b~brriofl the ecr~an ~nd tha thb~ke piPQ, ~inuiia'
eturci~rd ~taket betw~oat t1~ oa~burobor and th~
An ~leatric hot' ?ar the -i Q io 1act~a1 on .he inb~k~ 1fn~ bo-
tvroan the carburetor tha'cylircl~r. `rl~ haatei 3.a pl~aad in auch t way
that tea :epariing b~t'nn bhplates coo ii appaoito the cartzrotor inbake
pipes the aud of bhu p1atu bain@ ?raGn 3-$ ~ef.l3im~t~ra ~1aur th~ cont~X
oP tts~ o~rbsrator outlet pipe.. 'rho rnixbua'G thtomet~r meet ba so ina0r6ecE
tk~ut the ntircusy butti is centarsd is the carburcbor i-tak~ pipo 4."J5?0.25
mi.llimotors away ?ron~ the contrai axia of the vortical portion of tha i.n?tttf(s
pipi and O.0.25 rnillimat~re away from the oublob pipe ?1arto.
S ~~ `Es~~sfCQ$' .~V31'if~f1
'1'hs~~ir must tmva it~ huntictity controll~d (paragraph 5). 'ro
obbain this can troll the th~tr~lion is s9uigped with an icQ colwnn?
'the icy column cohsi~b~ of a zinc reservoir 2.4 by 0.,4 mstera, msds
of cheat iron, ~d h~vin~ ~ ~y~r o~ asb~sto~ ~r-~ul~tion 63.5 mii1~anedsrs
think.
:tnsids tt-G aolumn~ iaz ~1:Lintet0rs ?rnm 'she bottom, fs placed e. wiry
mesh having Z~~5-~Z~g'~orAr openings. The mesh is covered with a layer.o~
ice kt least 450 rti11imetsre highs
'the :Lce column communioa~es with tha carburstor,bhrough,a pipe and an
equ~iizing tank. The gir en1ess the ongin~ as follows.
Etherna1 a:Lr ie admitted into the ia~ column through ri opening in the
ice-ch.nber cover. the ice-?31bered air thar ptssoe bhrougfi; ~ ~? m9.llinsber
pipa ioeate~ within ?th~ a0R189 caoled to ;about 0 degraee C8rit3-.
nEsTrJTED
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 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
RI
grada~ and B~Eur~~ed with 3s5-4 ~raiue oL water Val@r per kiIo~rtt
dry sir. i+e~ tie ad~nitted Ito tho a9U1i$~r-~ air tank, w~rmec~
be 52 d~ireea Cr~c~a aid in~11y drawn #~~~ ths oa.rburet~r.
`L'he air nor 6oecm1e mbad with ?ue1 aid h~ated to .104 de@e Gerr~i-
~rad~ ra pas~in~ ire~n the e&cburetor into the . ice calurnn
j,~ 2oid~1 wtth ioa tube, ~a Limote's on' $ side. i~rg@' piaa
OjIF iaQ wild 1'o'm too ~r~o tir cine, w1i1@ wEt&.r pitaoa wi2~, ~aapada
~r~lA dtV61'~ ~0 flFi~iCt@.
CanuCrtLatin ~? th~c ion-eoiu~s Dunits repl~ni~i~nen~ off' iaa wttha~at
toppiti bho or4~ine, th~ m~ltact ice in tha aoiumn being rorrv,ved thr~uti
a dr~1r~.
0. i It bhp hwnjAity of ~h~ air d~~n~ b1~o t~sb~
18 lwtwcen 3.5-7 ~rwne o~ wttor vapor per l kilo-
: P dry tir, use or the 3.a~ colwtn f~ not
~atrIctato rSi
/y I ~6 EE V d QtrtS
da ~er~ fio/~a~,Ce gt`a the ~h~-noeouplO and bhe
Ap(saratus !or meaearn~
po bsr~tionr~ ~er?
'theDh0rm~couple is made or ?on~tar~t~.n o.Iloy (typo
grid i~ crowed into the cylit~dsr head.
`Cl~e th~r:noceupl~ is oann~eb~d to he miaromauc potetitioOt0'i which
irsd4awto3 tl~ermocaupl~ bemper~turae in da~roos iahrsnhoi~?
The ~pptr~bus mush bo ~ccur~t~ within 2 degrees 1'~hr~nhOit (ls1 de~rae
Cent3.~rad
tt1i&t, 't`he ti1~s:LCIA &fld_ ~Irp13ltl"$tt18
fig, z~ns.tion tht~rrxpter p _ 0.635 i1.llinetera' (O,ozS nekes)
(b) 9p3rkpZu~ ~lacbrode gap 0.01-0025 inckes C0.25-0.63 -iiiitTta
(o) 9parkplu~ make ,- 1U.-11_64A Champion with intern~1 el~c'rodes
(d) Valve c1~aranaos cold en~ine shauld ba;
Intak~ va1vs d.2 mi.1lim&rs (o.Od~ ictche~)
bchausb valve ,0.25 m3113maters (0.01 3CiCh88)
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RD P82-00039R000100170022-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
(@) PCB@B 0~ 41.6t~but1014i
W'han eheakin~ v$ive ovar:tsp, tuth va3v~ cle~re~rtc~e ehou2~ be
0 25 milliJnetsre, end bYie ~o110rwi8t; ovp ee~t
Irike va1va upan@ 10 ce~r6gt 'yep dead venter
;[rtaka vivo @laaae 34 desr~eo pant top dead ?antar
Exhaust vaiva opena 40 degree wrore bottom daad oentor
~xh~uat v~ive otaaoa - 15 da~r~a~ pt Eottori ciead oa~~~r
bi~in~enanc~ o~
fl-
I ) PLd1z yftr%e4
() Pr1o~ to oparatier~, shack ~ha cLe~rnneo~ afl~ condition o
va:1vae, ~pgrkpiu~ and :t hu i~t-t$ion Ps.
Should roroi~n d?paeita ba jound on th~ cenbacta ot` the intoir~a~-
tcr, scraps theta off, or repiaco ?tho c~-itacb~.
bar1ng apas'apirn3k1Ucion, Pair prGicular attention t; the
cufldiblon o~ the p0rc021 and b~ ~apoOT lemcls Lead must be ear~psd
ore, bhp sparkp3.u~ aha~tld be roglracOd ?f csraeka are founcl in L?he' porcalairt.
(b) Ccrtwri must bu c1nt~ngc9 o t~ bhe tittivar ~rtel ~C Eho eparkplug'
(c) T2kppat rocker arns are t~ be lubricated and the valve oil cups
filled with crtekcase off.
(d) 'rest the compreion by turiiini: over the 9!l,',,1fl~ ?1ywh~o1 by
hs~ ct
(~) 1~uu1 tank ?il~ere are to be. inspect'ed arid,. i~ ntces~iry, cleened
with C&lBolissa ~r ben~ane and blown out with comprassed air.
(;f), Upon shutt3n~ down the en&.ne, the crankshaft is to ba sa.
turned that both va1ven are olosed?
~nptY bktG dual banks.
2)'Pari.od.c'Ma3ritenanc_e_ ,,
(a) The engine should be over1au1Gd and carbon removed from 4ho
cylinder head, piton and v~1ve~ or every 100 hours oS opera'bion
aometimss o?ten~r, dependin~ on the ,g~nAr~1 ` opergtSr-g stabiliby of th~ srt~ins
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Corv Arroved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
judgad roneous ~~sarep~na~ae ~n tl~ ~l~rmagau$~e .
Erroflaou~ thexmAOOUpia t~g~ eoald be
due to tYia ~atsr~or~tion o~ tt~ day ae~ tit
fa~dscu~rrent to bhp potentiorneb~r~ n th e
caeo, rep].eo~ th~ etry s~aiaant'
(b) in ov@rthsu2ifl~ t[~ en~in~, c~rbon mint ba ~ernov@d from th?
piotiOfl .act vc~lve~' Th0 O~t1~.ilf1@P i.Ptt9rtOZ' fRldS~i bA Ci(11ith19d dLQB@iy
anal thc cylindmirror the~su~hly
C'lincler wail wogr et O.15 m.~~li~nbt~ro~ eonic~ty O.ti
miij.i.matoro or ~Uipbioik,Y tni7.Ltht~t~1 ?a ro4tiiraa rQp]afl~raOflt ar
raborinor tie cyltn'?
(~) Claranal~ebwaen the va].va ste.na Ltn~1 v~lv~ ~u#.ctas ~hou1d
bas 0.053+-O?Q12 mil9Lianobore ~'or tha inteko valve and 0.09~0 .017 -ni.Ui"?
rnatnro for tho axhauet valve.
Valve CUidEs should ba rsp1aood when the uppdr limit o~ clearance
oxceode 0.029 ~:i.llimo'tors?
Ca.rbor- mu3~ also be chipp&d oif tlza valve guides when the
onLina is torn down.
Cdj Upon rsasssm~7.inL, thd ~nine, pour ksrte3.ne on tha va1ve~ to
check resantLng.
(e) After the ec~gine has bash asser.-lsled, rn it for at least ?our
hours, baE3.nning with ~ lovi canprasiion'ttat ?~ ~radua11y increased.
(~) The crankcase oil ie to be chan:ad a~ter 30 hauru 01' cnt3nc
oporat ion`.
The a~aartcplug is changed after 100 hours ot opergbion an
`oStenar depend:talg'on its aonditioii. ?'??
(h) The cod1in~ sysbam must be claanecl and washed out grecluanbly?
# * ; # 9F 9F
Proposaa tr the M9.nist7y o? patrol urn InaistrY o~ the Eastern
pe~ions USSki
A,pp'ovOd by the A~.1-Unij' i5 Navemth~r 1946
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
Standardrom~a
~inb of e9ua1 tomperaturoi' tenzen~,
ancE the B7 octarts rniacGure of alibr~tirtg ?uais
atnndard teinperatara 5.ir-?3
second benzeria gAthb
i ,J ? e E iW .: r
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
 mt..'S. 4 ?i'.uY
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
iii' 1Qfl
34 r~1 : '`
t
~~ ~ t
Az D' $r $ 4 aE'
p. F
;3' t1
`E
2l; ';t
xI
a~ fltt
'd
L L :U
w aaae is u~rrk'':
J th
~t
=
~ 4:.'I
(?
t t, rta.~.~sais * _*
.p.
( ui:t: t~'t u rvJi
pp{{ ry
4ik;kkEd .F
tt on (ill
nEI; u
,csli.} i k:~st b tt'
1 _ ui.ui a 1 ~ t1t # rk8.1'
s. r
3
XfZ1
t!. ;
t t.ta ~Isot
tj' t: ?1 Lit4
lit ~c1#W
jiruj
a
A
4o S
N m
g
.i;;;ri . $ndtix7 k
. with &1O b { t
l Ott,
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/23 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000100170022-9
OA I'r j ` f `f
I ,t:'., a
I : .x
'r.~ 44t;
t ,c F y~ t o tt,~ i s ~yy.. ~ kt4~~-1m,