THE HYGIENE OF PASTURING ANIMALS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00039R000200030026-9
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: R
• Document Page Count: 14
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 11, 2012
• Sequence Number: 26
• Publication Date: May 23, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
T1~~ HY,GIhP~~1~ 0~~~, 1',h.~~TCJR~I~I`' ,,ti~~~1~:MAL
author; ~'rof !~~ V~ O~erav
from the ~oolc ~ Da.seases of ~~ra.cul~ura]. ~~na.ma~.s and. ;oohy~eno
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
STAT
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
`i'HikI1~'G~:.~N~ OF ~'K",,,, -,,,,,, ~U~IIdG AN.f.MAI~
~'astl~'a.ng is o~ cxtraardi.nari~y ?;rec~t si~;nifa.cance far ~~he
,~ of anarttal.a. ~'t pas~~ure ana.ntals obtaaa~ light, diges~ta.ble~
l~eal.tY~
~r ' l fodder in tree for~rt of gxeen grassy fodder wY~!a.ch is rash
noura.,~h a.z ~;
' -i:ri~ and vi~taanirts; the anim~~ls are also under the bene~a.ci.a.
~.n a3b~~t
' rl:f.'1,usr~cae of the cunt a rays and of the Fresh air. aa.nce they are
' t~1e az~i~nals strengtYieT1 theax musclea and skeletori~ whicrt
in mot~.on,
' ~~ arl am artant ~'or yaurlg animals and br~:eda.ng stoclL. xt
a.s part~.cl1 y p
pasture young an~.ma s
grow considerably more rapidly, and the
a -1 activit of m.alea is incr~;ased. Pastur ixig also has a bene-
5 Gxud y
? ',al efi'ect nn pregna,r-t animaJ.s~ ~.nd~ as d. result, on the fetua
i~.c~
na ir>, the mothers s wombs as weJ.l as on the milk production
develop ~
of nursing ~'e:n~~les, wha.ch is important for the; ;;ro~Jth of the yo~g
wli'i.ch they are nL>x~sin~;.
Since trey are subjected to chr~.ngea in the weather! the
animals acquaxe a ~re~+.t re~~ista.ncF; to harmful atrr~aspher:ic in-
fluences; that :La to say 'they are Y~ardenecl..
pa;=,tl~ra.ng i.s one oj' tree beat propliy7.acti.c measures againat
~., .
infection From ~tubarcuJ.as.s~ rickets, and other diseaseso
Postnatal. diseailES are rare arrinng animaJ.s whicY! axe kept on
pasturF~s o
if good pastures are not available, artificial pastures may
be cre=ated by cowing fodder grasses, or existing pastvxes may bc;
improved by othor means.
Yf pasf.~ures are not available for breed7.ng stock, it is
n~,coa5ary to build for them a large, enclosed area, citrier sown or
.J,
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
, .~ an i~t and prava.dirl~ Same pratect~.on aga:~r~5t
w~.th nxd~~ already ~ .,-~'...
`~~~h,cn u od ,L'ar harSea ShUUIC~k)U 1UTlk U11011~;h SO
ray n end ~lca.1,.
,. ~ , ~ ~~ ~ run a,'cx-ut; an elan~;a'tc,d ;;Yrape is recanlmended
that ~thc; ~.na~m4~.>~a l~lay
~.:~ ~'or tkla.s pts;'paae an hor,~e ~az~ns ;;u.~~'~.cierltly
~nr this p~~r~,o~c,.
rra,ss cover al~d surrounded by a l~a.~~;h
1dr~;e area. ai~e ;yet aa~.de wi~tl~) ~,
ca:l_led ~)add.ock,~~ wh~.ch rnc;a.~;L>,re ~'rc.~rn ~.t;
:~U11Ce+ `lhesc areas a.re
,,: r~l,ed zle;~ir ~t.l~lc, y~tablc; 4~rlc~ levy ~ , rne~,,sux~in~ 'rom
to ~ heatarc.,,, lac
10 'La ~~ h~;ct,arca,
C~~i~~F~~~CT1~l~~:L~~l':CCS U~~ V~1~~ ~UIJa '1'YP~~ uT' P1~-~'1'U~~~,~
- r . ~ r off' a ~asturc; ;;haulc~ corrc:spon.d ~;o the typE oJ:
~1!r~ G~lrl,xa.Cte ~
an~.rnals and to tree ata~t;e off' ~thei,r l~lealt~~to
fan the qua~.a.ty off' ~tl~e soa.l, the topography, ,~.nd
Uepe~ld.i n~,
- ~a.on ~c-~~~~l,uz~e a.re dlvidcd :i..nto r.~?~'~ (irlcJ.ud:in~; :~~~~el;rae~
tl~~e vc~;eta.t ~ i
InoL'~nt~:l.nUUS ~ and ~'orc;.~;t type ~ } ~ and mt~~~.dy.
~~ c~nd maun~tai.nou;~ )astl~,, providing they have good grans
are corlUidex^e:d ~thf~ beau s~.Ylce ~tl~e ve~;etati.on on theee
~roti,i~h~
Manic cam~~ositian a.nd i~t~.~;h.~y no~ur~s~~inr ? '~'~~`~e
pa;~~~~urcu is a~ goad. 170 1
'rcal?rt darn ne~~:~ in the soi.7. or the air. llry
ana.r~als da rlo~t sut~F,r ~. p .
a.s~turc-.:7 a.re be~t~ter adap~t~ed ~a~~ sheep horeee, ar~d large
and steppE p
attle wl~l:i.~.e mountainous pa~~tures arc: best :for eYlc~ep and
horned c ,
large horned cat~Lle and less so ~:'or harsea o
~non_ the drawback~a o:~ steppe pasturE~s in grid rc;gions are
in ~ a~' ve etation in hot weat~~.er., uncertain. suppi.ies o~
the burn ~, g
real; heat' and winds. In addition there is of'~ten consider-
waters ~
able dust whicl?~ is lifted into the air and carried onto the gra.ss~
t e result that it is swallowed and inhaled by thc; animals.
with h
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
Tn a,dda.ta.an, the, ~;ras;: a~' ~7o;l.anchak past~ux~:~~ is not; very ed .ble.
ShEep~ parta.crrlarly fine~~Taoled sheep, or especially laanba,
?aay not be ~~.st~~red in t~~e steppe regions where .~'eG~~her-~arass ~;raws
whi.l.e that pl~rnt :~;~ bl.oomin~ and ra.pen:>rn~;, s:i.nc;e ~~he seEds of th~.s
plants the 't'~yrsy", have sharp poa.nt~ acrd :l~n?,, spiraled, bent
beards. I~kren they ~:'a.:1_l. a.r~to the ~aaal~ the beards not only c:l~g trie
waa~.~ but in jute t~~re skin.
'1'hcy bare ti~eir way a.nto the slc~.n and
penetz~clte the ti sues undfr tiie ska.n anc~ ever; the ~~.nterrr~~l or~;a7~s~
whore tkrcy cause serious injuriea arzd ~ om~~tinrE~s ~;ven ~l~le de~,.~th o~'
tl~.e animal.
Un steppe pas~~v.r~~4; an:i~~als of~uen suffer 1'rcam gadflies.
:In using tk~esc; pastures for a,rramalu ~ a.ch are particularly
ens3.tive to spec~.f is adverse factors, and particular:l.y f'ar young
and breedir>.?; stocky it is necessary to take r-reas~ures to protect
teem, and 'to select spec ~al~ pa.uture areas wr.:i.cr~ arF; mare suitable
~'or ~ther~l.m
~:n cor.~ectior~ ti~ith mal>..ntairi pa.sture;s ~th~; order in wriich the
various sections aro used is of great :impart;ante; depending on t~~re
nature of the ~topograph~r, ti:e elevation, a.nd the d.~x'cctian (i. e.,
to the nort~r or the south) in wha.ch these pastures slope, r'irst one
uses the pastures in the foot~~ills, and an the southern shapes, acrd
then ant uses those on the northern stapes, Tn the surnrler ar~irr~als
should be pastured on high, nrounta~.n pastureu, and in the autumn
they are returned to the foothills. One should keep in mind that
morantaino~us pastures are not desirable for weak, ill, and young
animals, because of the great elevation, the rari:~a.ed airy and the
passibility of sudden a,tmaspher~.c charges (i. e.~ changes in tyre
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
Weather}~
? ~~ ~ ~ ~e~; are d~.,,,tii~~uished by theax' f~reat vara.ety,
Foxetit p~~~~,ul, ..
ure af' ~~lie ,~'oz~~:at soi.l~ ~trie thickness off.' the
d.ependa.ng On ~,~1G tl~.t
best ~ aature5 are in haxdwood forests with
vcgetat~on~ etc, the P
y,~.th lane ~or~st glades, and c~~.so an cut~over
thin Ve~;etata.on and
? ~ r~e;ct1r~.n.:i.cG~i injury of l,i~e aaia.rr.a.lUs (~ta t~ze.r u.dders~
oft,e~1 cause r
., , , ,} ..., ~ ~ - s,tu~'in a.n i;~il? f'ore:~t thic~:et , ~~nd undergrow-th
~ u,r tt~~x ~ w ~~c.i~ .P g
' ~ `xv,ble lo~ii) ai' trE~eS ~ par'ta.cu.a.arlT 0~' SCt1a 11, y UL1T1~ OnCB.
;1.GG
~:tuxem ~:~n U.dd'Lt7.ori t~,is type off.' pa.~tur:i.ng causes cor~-
able for pa.~
a~' oisonous grasses which are not very suit-
by large qualltita_es A
tf ~~etation oft~;n accompanied
the sc.nte times not vary nourisk~in., vex, ~
s exi~; ~~s. 't'he t~iic~. ~,rowt~z hasa ~poaz~, c~iad at
where goody eda.l~le gr~,s
1,he uzrdergxowth. has been ele~:r~~:d aw~.y, a~x1~3.
l'L~ttle vaa.ue~ whera
:Cor aC11J'ttals a.n t'rla.z~ly wooded ar~aa;>> of
y used. `i'~rese arc pastuxeu
1
,,.t., ark ~.5ture has became mare ar~d mare wide-
oblasts so-ca.1.1Fd ~orc,a p p
. ~ earw i.n ~, numb~:r o:e rayons of lfiascow azrd otrdez'
In. recent y
area: ox' f'ore~~tse
~' to tree-~_ess pasture during the beginning of ~,he day.
be put a.n
= n? alla~red to pastu~~e in the waad.s, or they should
f odder befox e be.~
r~ hun ,ry. Ii'or this reason cal~tle should be f'c,d dry
~Lhey have bee ?~
~~inous twigs and ~.c;aves of trees, part:~.cuJ.arly after
ha.va.ng ea t,en re,~
.. ~ o~?s of bl.oad~ or a.n~'lamcrla~t:ian o~' the kidneys, af~tex
accampana.ed by ~-
- ~ become a:nf ncted w:L~t~~ constipation, diaz'rilea~ o:~'ten
tha.s anarnals m~.y
. ~ a ante inf ec~tcd }r~,itr~ p~,:rop:~asr~losa_s ~ In add~.tion 'to
1,r~e catt~.e may b~,c
-~' ' n i'ore~~t pastt~'E;s prec~ents ~. danger ~.~ sa a.n t11a,~t
~a?~tua a.n~; a.
,t astures, particulaxly damp pastures, animaJ.s often
In (ores p
idl ~ ~
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012J04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
 Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/04/11 :CIA-RDP82-000398000200030026-9
s~.~i'E.r from a.nsocts sucks as mosqua.toc,~, e;tc o
5o~'ter ~;ra~,;; than ~~,z~e open, steppe az~e:aN, and ahoy are better for
youza~ arlx.r~ta].s. ,~{ or~eut pa;ture~~ ~~rl~'.ch Yxav~e oaks ~;row~x1~ on them
Damp forest arc~~as arG n.o~l~ we~.~, su~.~,ed ~to young; an~n~a.ls
dry re?;x.0115, ors Lie at1A~;r i~i~.nd~ :Forest pastures az~e cove~'od wa.th
are ~;aad. 1'or s~ra.ne, w~~a.e~s 1.zke to e~l~r~ tr~c, acorns.
T,,(a6~~)~ d