EUROPEAN SATELLITE PRESS ALLEGATIONS BETWEEN 17-31 MARCH 1952 ON THE USE OF TOXIC CHEMICAL AGENTS BY THE WESTERN POWERS
Document Type:
Collection:
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST):
CIA-RDP82-00039R000200070002-1
Release Decision:
RIPPUB
Original Classification:
C
Document Page Count:
16
Document Creation Date:
December 22, 2016
Document Release Date:
March 14, 2012
Sequence Number:
2
Case Number:
Publication Date:
July 1, 1952
Content Type:
REPORT
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CONF IDENTI AL
A LFGAT QN 0' rfN USIA Q ' TQX C CkIEMxCA AG~NTL kY Tk E W i ! PQWE S
IN THE EAST EUROPEAN PRESS EXCLUSIVE OF THE USSR) DURING TI-fl ~ PERT
NCH 17115
PART I ?- Introductory Remarks.
The information in this report is based on an examination of the two
leading dailies in each of the Fast European countries for the period 3.7-31
March, 1952. These two newspapers are in the majority of cases the organ
of the Communist Party (in certain countries known as the 'Jorker's Party)
and of the trade union organizations respectively. Bulgaria has been omitted
due to the fact that our files of newspapers were incomplete at the time
~rhen this study was prepared. Nevertheless the issues o ulgarian newspapers
examined indicated that the treatment of the subject in no way differed
substantially from that observed in the press of the other Satellite lands,
In all cases, save that of Poland, where they appear dally, the newspapers
in question appear each day of the week, except Monday..
In Part II, which follows, a summary is given, arranged. by country, of
the content of the allegations. In all instances the following points are
included: newspaper and date, source of item, number of column inches,
summary of content or literal translations
An attempt will not be made in the present report to analyze the
allegations, or the manner of presentation. However, several observations
are pertinent. In the first place, during the period in question far greater
prominence was accorded to allegations of bacteriological warfare than to
chemical warfare. In a very large number of instances, casual references
or discussions, of varying lengths, referring to chemical warfare use
appeared within longer articles devoted to the subject of acteriol.ogical
Y
warfare.
It is interesting to observe the vagueness, or almost complete lack of
details regarding the effect upon the supposed victims of the alleged
chemical warfare attacks. ,
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4 N
t~ p1~ 1 1~ 1
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Aa can be seen in part II, greatest attention and the ],argent amount of
space were devoted ton
1. The findings of the investigating Coassion of the
International Association of Democratic Jurists.
2a protest meetings: and declaratione of varioua groups throughout
the sar1d.
3. The statement o:C General Ballen at the annual meeting of
the American Chemical Society held at Hunter College, New York, 1951
14. Communist wire service despatches of alleged,chemieal war..
fare attacks.
5. Malik' s declarations condemning the use of bacteriological
and chemical warfare, before the UN Disarmament Commission.
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CONFIDEKI1 At
PART II .. Summaries of Articles
In the foiiowing each article represents a summary or condensatio~a of
the original, unless specified as a complete translation.
CE CH 0 QV A
March 18
Rude Pravo Tass
The Investigating Commission of the International Association of
Democratic wrists granted an interview in which it presented documentary
evidence that US troops in Korea had been using chemical warfare, as well
as bacteriological warfare methods.
March 19
Rude Pravo Tass 3-1/2 inches
(Complete translation) Not long a;o the American press carried an
admission made by Major-Gen. Ba11en, head of the Chemical '.1iarfare Division
of the US Army, that chemical warfare units have been present in Korea since
Lt. July, 1950 and that their number is being steadily reinforced. Ballen
very openly stated that the American chemical warfare units are in Korea
ready to carry out any decisions made by the US government. He praised
the use of gas, ati:L~ming; "Gas proved to be effective in World Jar I.
Used against personnel it was just as deadly as ammunition. Compared with
ordinary bombing, gas warfare is more economical, since bombs destroy
property and gas does not.'
Ballen's inhuman statement is not the only one of its type. Several
other US officials have spoken in the same vein.
During January of this year General Lookers /sic', also a member of
1 inch
the Chemical Warfare Division and General Chrisie'Lsic7e who is director
March 20
Rude" Pravo Tass
of the Research Institute of the Army, stated that the US is preparing
itself for chemical and biological warfare.
CeNFW,.ENTJ&1
2 inches
The Investigating Commission:,:of the 'International Association of
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Czechoslovak children protest the use of poison gas and bacterio-
^ rr11 R
. , L:: \
Y 11ff j t-. M
Democratic Jurists presented a report of its findings to premier Kim Tyson.
scion twice asserted that US troops are resorting to chemical warms
The cammi
fare.
March 21
e ravo (CTK; Czechoslovak press office) inches
Rud P
During the period 10-12 March, 1952, American troops employing planes
,
and artillery made use of chemical warfare weapons south of piyong?
Thirty shells filled %ith chemicals were shot by the Americans. The shells
e smoke with sulphur odor. Tear gas and choking gas
gave off a yello w whit
were also employed.
p race CTK 3 inches
rantisek Zupka, president of the Central Czechoslovak Trade Union
F
Council and vice-president of the World Trade Federation in a protest
declaration asserted: "US war criminals who have employed poison gas
against innocent Korean civilians are now resorting to the use of bacterio
logical warfare."
grace Staff written 1 inch
Various groups and individuals are protesting the use of bacterio-
logical warfare Among these, Bishop Josef Carsky has protested against
the use of "atomic, chemical and bacteriological weapons."
grace Staff written 7 inches
logical weapons in Korean
March 22
preen staff written 1 inch
Malik, speaking before the UN Disarmament Commission stated that the
said commission "cannot long ignore the USSR proposal for prohibiting the
use of bacteriological and chemical agents".
March 26
-race `
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er$ of the Revolutionary Trade Union Movement ask coworkers in.
Memo
Staff written 7 inches
4
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the US, the United Kingdom, France, West Germany, and elsewhere to refuse to
produce chemicals for bacteriologicai and chemical warfare purposes.
March 27
Rude Pravo Vass
2v inches
Woricers at the Volga-Don project protest against the use of poison gas
in Korea,
Pr.ace StL;ff written 2 inches
In a longer article accusing Wall Street imperialists of crimes in Korea,
mention Is made of a US government publication entitled "What Yati I'Teed to Know
About Biological Warfare." The publication in question divides biological war-
fare into three categories, involving the use of insects, bacteria, and chemi-
cals respectively.
March 30
Rude Pravo Tass
5 inches
Malik speaks before the UN Disarmament Commission, quoting Major Gen,
Bailen's statements regarding chemical warfare units in Korea (see above, Rude
Pravo, March 19).
POLAND
March 19
Trybuna Ludu
number is increasing," "Obviously," the General added, "our military operations
in Korea are secret.'
From Ballen's words it isapparent that the United. States recognizes no
ryf;~ k .r4n
7W r P
(Literal translation) The official bulletin of the American Congress,
entitled Congressional Record, on 5 March published a cynical statement by
Gen. Ballen, head of the Chemical Division of the US Army, made at a meeting of
the American Chemical Society held at Hunter College. In his statement Balien
admits that "chemical warfare units have been in Korea since July 1950' Their
]'imitations as far as the use of chemical warfare is concerned, thereby flagrantly
w~
re"
CONi'L,h:t1
Tass
8 inches
L?c? I ) ._)
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CONRDENTAL
vic)lat~.f ; internatjonal a reerients and COmmittiri murder a ainst entire se-
merits of popul.ati.on.
In preparing for chemical warfare and training; special unite, the US, as
Gallen asserts, goes on the assumption that poison uses and similar weapons
will be used without restriction in the next wax',
The general, praising the most barbarous inethoc3,s of cond,ucti.ng warfare,
cynically points out that chemical WCQpons will cost American monopolists con-
siderably less than would conventional bombs and weapons. Furthermore, after
exterminating he civilian ,population, the conquerors will be able to take
possession of areas with property undamaged and intact.
G].os Prac Tass
identical with item immediately above.
March 20
Trybuna Ludu Tass
8 inches
2 inches
Cavaglieri of the International Association of Democratic Jurists stated
that the Association had proof that many persons had perished as a result of
the use of poison gas by Americans. Another member, Moerens, asserted that the
Association possessed evidence that poison gas had been employed at Wonsan.
Trybuna Ludu Tass
3 inches
Jacquier, French delegate of the International Association of Democratic
Jurists stated that the Association had Confirmed the fact that poison gas had
been used by American troops at Wonsan.
Gloms P~ racy Tass
Identical with item immediately above.
3 inches
Narch 21
Tryhuna Ludu Hsin Hua 2 inches
At the Korean front on the night of 10-11 March, American artillery fired
poison as shells at positions 9 kilometers southeast of P'yongang. On 12 March
four American planes dropped poison gas bombs on positions south of Konusan on
the eastern front.
r1
rt\
r,
d~4r~f
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sin Kua 2 inches
H
2r;:2' J.~raC
tics,l with item immediate~.y above.
Idea
March 28
3 inches
Staff written
Tr' bona Luc1u ~ issue, wrote
and American, in its 31 October, 19
The Neer York Journal Chemical Corps of
,' ntists working in close contact with the
the fallowing; Sc~.e
the e Truman administration is soil. adhere-ng
US Army emphasize the fact that tYi
dent Roosevelt in 193, at which time the
to the principle expressed by Rre~~' ~
a ' ca1.lY t'ctat under no circurnIstances shall
latter affirmed: '~l declare c,atc.gora. rv 'rs;t,
'cal. warfare) unless our enemy uses it ~'j
we use such a weapon (ba,cter~.aa.oga.
American n the same issue~ ~,7 declares;
York Journal and l
However, nor the New
? ,].istic."
r 1 such an attitude and such a position would be un.rea
~aday in 19~ ~
HUN. RY
March 1S
Its in Iiua 1 inch
S ~abad Ne`;
ociation of Democratic Jurists issued a report
The xnternational Ass
. taming poison gas were shot from
stating that near Wonsan, :lay^ge shells con
unidentified weapons
14, inches
zaba Staff written
. d N
ressional Record, US chemical ~ warfare units ~s have
.1 c
Ac~;,
cording to the Co
rats ;mac ~ic7 and ~ic7
Gene
been stationed in Korea since July, 1950.
r.
have stated that the Americans have been preparing for chemical warfare.
Staff written 4 inches
NP~a
with item immediately above.
Identical
1
_-j rJ a
Tass
1 inch
N s
e
Lion of the International Association of Demo-
c Kim I1-Son told. a delega
em to ent of chemical warfare weapons by the Americans
I^
has atic Jurists
provoked sts that the p ~
indignation throughout the world.
March 20
a
C~~F~GEf~ l1
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S ~a4-?,
Identical with item immediately above.
March 21
Szabad NeP
t~The Americans have
at the Korean front.
Ne sz~~va
On 10 March, 9 kilometers of southeast of 1'' yongang, American artillery
?c, , with poison gas, \rhicemitted yellow white
?rc~d more than 3o s11e1,1a iill.d lanes dropped.
fired
r and gasoline, On 12 March, four US p
smoke smc~l,=1.a.ng of eua.phu
The bombs, upon exploding, gave off green
lung irritant and tear gas bombs
:dames with pepper odor.
March 29
2 inches
Tans
1 inch
Hain Hua 1 inch
oieon gas bombs in mil.itazY operations
again dropped p
3 inche a
Hain Hua
Tass
Seal. mad Ne- chemical war-
a speech before the UN, Malik accused the US of making
fare fare preparations.
Ne~sza~
Tass
Identical with item immediately above.
RUMA~ITA
}i; ': t ~1
!i4S a I a ` ~. C I~ ; . Wl`
2 inches
March 1S
S Staff written 1 inch
can-
acteriological warfare, it is mentioned
In a longer article devoted to b
iced States have been making use of chemical war
that Great Britain and the Un
fare in Korea.
1 inch
a Sindieala Staf written
Viat
Identical with item immediately above.
~.
Tass 8 inches
Scanteja
mica/ warfare for, a long time. The Con-
gresTY>.esional Record US has been preparing for .; the
d) contains a speech presented
of 15 Mich ' (no.:year, indicate ,.,
before a meet-
.:, General B~11eri, V chief of chemical warfare for the Army,
?
by M 1
He told the meeting that chemical warfare
ing, of~ the -,American Chemical Society.
CONDENT1M;
'7ud~~l~r~~'/~~~ I rM~~~?+ ~ V~e~r'r ~P4/~a1~~u+x r~ 4? ~Y,.~~ ((~i?'#ti i i~~ rt~
) n+ i t ~j1~ I ~ ,p1i i) P~ ~P r pV~li 4' < c 4~~~i rn~r I ~~{ + SP++i KID,
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Vial Indic La
COMFWENTU\.
~ e,nd that their number is being rein-
units have been in Korea sine ~ Jul.y ~, `~5in for chemi.cwarfare and training of
foxced~ He fuxther stated that pa.ann ~
were made necessary by the fact that toxic
special units for this purpose
weapons would be used wi'thaut limitatian in a future wax. Chemical warfare:
civilian population withaut damage to pxaper'ty
the _
could be used to wipe out
then take; possession of an area intact. Many other
and the conquerors could
aders have expr. esSed tiiemsl ves in similar terms,
American military l.e
8 inches
Identical with item immediately above.
2 inches
on of Democratic Jurors carried out an in-
The International Associati
have been attacked by American planes employing
spection of areas reported to
re weapons. Jacquier, the French delegate, and
chemical and 'bi,olo~;ica'1. warfare
epresentats.ve stated that on a visit to the Wonsan area and
Caster, Brazilian r ~
t1~c had seen l.ar;e-calibex` shells filled with
cities in the Kan~ron. prav~.nce, y
a substance from which eases issued.
March 19
Staff written 1 inch
Viata Sizadicala
? is mentioned that the US is employing chemical
In a longer article it warfare in Korea.
March 20
'ass
Tasa
2 inches
Tass
? 'of Democratic Jurists reported that it had
The International Association
found proof of the use of chemical warfare by the US. Brandweiner, head of the
f
? ~, ~ axed that fatalities had resulted as a result of
.~ Inwestigating Comma.s.~a.an, decl
oison has released by US planes, The French delegate, Jacguier, stated that he
p ras on Wonsan.
ion ~
d ed ~as,
o
p
ad seen evidence of the fact that US planes had. ro~
:g
}
evidence of these allegations, and this would be
Material had been collected as E:
~~:~"~s - on declared that captured American documents
. ~ ubmitted at a later date. te, Kim Il. S
? Uto use chemical warfare.
revealed the intents on of the{.,
Viata Sindicala Hsin Hua 1 inches
Mention is made that the US is empl?Yin~; chemical warfare.
C Ot~JfiEfvYlAl
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COMA DENUAL
iata Sindicala Hain Hua L inches
?
On 11 March, 191, US planes carried out raids at various points.
After the raids three b .ga full of yellow powder and toxic white crystals
were found near Lantao.
March 21
Soanteia Hsin Hua 2 inches
On 10 March 1952 at 100 hours, American artillery fired 30 shells at
positions 9 kilometers southeast of Plyongang. Many of these were filled
with poison gases. Upon exploding they gave off a whitish yellow smoke
smelling of sulphuric acid and gasoline. On 12 March at 1600 hours, four
planes dropped bombs containing lacrimators and lung irritants in the
Kosong Hills on the east coast. Upon exploding these bombs burst into dark
green flame, with odor of pepper.
Hsin Hua inches
Scant eia
During the period 1012 March 1952, American planes dropped chemical
substances. Three sacks full of a yellow powder and a yellow poisonous
crystalline substance were dropped over Lantao. On 12 March, a formation
of US planes dropped poisonous sticky substances over Santaokao tic7 and
Huan .ait entu f ic7 in the district of Ci An /iisiart?7.
March 2
5cant31a Reprint from Cominform Organ 1 inch
-- ._-
Within a longer article the statement is made that the US is employing
chemical warfare.
March 27
Scanteia Hsin Hua 7 inches
A Chinese commission for the investigation of biological warfare re.
ported that a physician saw American planes drop white sacks around Lantao,
Ulunpel i217, and weidangati %s3.c7 on U March at 1530 hours. The sacks
i ~
fell 2O meters from him, were x 7.~O centimeters in dimension, and con
~
twined white ite crystals. Another eyewitness in the same area at 100 lours
.. 10
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Viata Sindicala
CONFIDEN'fI/IL
Hsin Hua
!4~ inches
`On 11 March' 19a~1, Us planes carried out raids at various points.
After the raids three bags I 1 of yellow powder and toxic white crystal$
were found near Lantao.
March 21
Scantsia Hsin Hua 2 inches
on 10 March 1952 at 1500 hours, American artillery fired 30 shells at
positions 9 kilometers southeast of plyongang? Many of these were fills
with poison gases. Upon exploding they gave off a whitishMyellaw smoke
smelling g of sulphuric acid and gasoline. On 12 March at 1600 hours, four
planes dropped bombs containing lacrimators and lung irritants in the
K0eong Hills on the east coast. Upon exploding these bombs burst into dark
green flame, with odor of pepper.
Hsin Hua 5 inches
Scant eia
During the period 10.12 March 1952, American planes dropped chemical
substances. Three sacks full of a yellow powder and a yellow poisonous
crystalline substance were dropped over Lantao. On 12 March, a formation
of US planes dropped poisonous sticky substances over aantaokao /ic7 and
Huanpait entu /ic7 in the di strict of Ci An Lisian?7.
+ r r
March 2s
Scanteia Reprint from Cominform Organ 1 inch
Within a longer article the statement is made that the US is employing
chemic al warfare.
i .r
,r
March 27
k`inches
Hsin Hua 7
ti
5canteia
. -
"k A Chinese commission for the investigation of biological warfare re"
" ported that a physician saw American planes drop white sacks around Lan ao,
p A~ . id ate /4 7 on U March at 1530 hours. The sacks
~a
ti
H
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Ulunpel 5ic7' and We ang _
fed, 250 meters from him, were 5 x 7.50 centimeters in dimension, and con'
twined white crystals. Another eyewitness in the same area at 1500 hours
,
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saw plane drop whits objects which prOVOCI to be branches "i f acted with
baoteria."~
BAST GEaNANY
scists concealed their weapons behind a facade of ;'peacetime
The Fa
t~
'ion were prow ~
f
March 18
Staff written 20 inches
Txibuene
anon) ~ The International Association of Chemical
(Literal trans].
,
Workars (International Vereinig ung der Chemiearbeiter) has called upon all
~
their utmost to chec1n3te the ef.torts of the American war
workers to do
cri,mtinals. The statement issued by them declares: "Demand the inimed.tate
punishment of those responsible for the use of these weapons of destructiont
prevent the production of materials for chemical warfare. Have nothing to
do with crimes against humanity 1"
The International Association of Chemical Workers has proof of the
shameful acts comrrtl.tted by the Americans. It is obvious that the "death
merchants" who manufacture bacteriological and chemical warfare weapons,
overlords of international trusts and combines.
are the monopali st ic
It is known that in Western Germany, the inventors of Zyklon 3 gas,
utilized for the mass murder of millions of persons in the Fascist concen'
as Drs. Peters and puerrf eld, are free once more, and
tration camps, such
ready to place their experience at the disposal of the American imperialists
and their German cohorts.
' During the second World War the Germans developed the "Triton" nerve
anew and revolutionaz?y" methods of warfare.
gases, considered by experts as
y
The IG Farben plant in Ludwigshafen busied itself with the development
t of a che'cal intended to serve the purpose of rr sweetening calcareous a
m.
z~
salty water". This was the first "Trilon" .
t
!wr
Tri
es o
~ earchr'. In a very short time, three improved typ
x-,
' and Soman. All three of these were pro-
diced which were. Tabun, Sar'ln~
ry
duaad in the laboratories of the IG Farben combine in Leverkusen and Hoechst. x.
w,
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C
Et~~61XL
elo ad in the coaxes of research on
The above named uses were dev p
insect asQS ware studied and constantly
ia~.des, with phosphoric acid, The g ace in 1937 under Dr. Schrader whoa aecoxding to
improved. This 'toad place
sr Factory
e resent time still active in the Bay
oux infQr~tion is at th p
at Leverkusen. and causes
this penetrates the respiratory organs,
As regards Tabun
Even weak doses cause visual disturbances.
unconsciousness and death. rator
Saran is three times as poisonous as Tabun. The number of labs Y
its effectiveness gruesomely enough.
fatalities demonstrated the Soviet
year Reich" toppled under the blows of
When the sIThousand Yea heir activi~
war chemists were forced to cease t
,army a the outstanding German
that, these men sit idly by in their
ties for a time. But who can believe
e? Events in Korea prove that they are now
laboratories at the present time?
very active. However, those who unleash the plague, ehalaraa and other
diseases upon entire peoples in order to maintain their own supremacy, are
estruati.on is merely a matter of time.
doomed from the outset and their d
h
Tass
dschau
Ts,egliche
Run resented a
Association of Democratic jurists has p
The international troops
it has proof of the use of poison gas by US
report asserting that
rt enemy positions near F'yongang and Wonsan.
agains
March 19
staff 162 inches
Taegliche Rundschau
Th ~, to the Congres~
reparing for/hemical warfare. Accoxdg
The U S is p
the chief of the US Army Chemise/ Corps,
si.anal Record of ~ March 19S2a
~ I ? fic7 admitte d that chemical warfare units have been
C.
General
cart ing out secret operations in Korea and the united States is actively
Y
preparing for biological and chemical warfare. of 12 March 192 is quoted as stating that +ithe
The New York Tunes being th~;roughly
potentialities of biological ar chemical warfare are
aced in the United States" ?
investig
,l
L
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CONFIDENTIAL
March 20
Deutsche Nachxi.chtena~entur, i/2 inches
'tae fiche Ru.nclsrhau A1)N(A1a.~emei,ne
General German News Agency)
--
st S' eranslis, coxxespondirg member of the USSR
?i .~
The noted Soviet sctent
follawirag stt~tement to a representative of the
Academy of sciences, made the
~~ ? ianal conventions forbid t}~a~; use of chemical or
Tass Nears Agency. lnternat
are. The US government, however, under the
bacterialogical methods of warf
disre axd.s these universally l.y accepted canvent~.ons.
regime of Truman and. Acheson, ~
sts are employing rnethods of warfare which not even
The American impera.ali
e. The scientists who have sunk so :Low as to became
Hitler dared to urldertah
Amer lists in this barbaric crime have ~'or~atten that
tools of the s scan imperi
the goal of science, from the very beginnings of history, has been to improve
men who have become the tools of reaction and the
the lot of mankind. These , ,
an eo le have forfeited the right to call themselves
murderers of the Kare p p ~
scientists, Y doa.,n ~l
ties committed ' by the 1 American Soviet peoples in protesting against the atroci~
aggressors in Korean and Chinese soils Mankind
will never forgive or forget these atrocities."
March 22
].-l/2 inches
Tae e RundscYiau Tass
On 12 March 1952r 62 American aircraft, in 11 groups, flew over Anju,
Anpinhe ic7, Juendian~ekou sic7, DaedungOU, Fynchen ~ic7, Sueian, and
Tsiarag 5ic7, One of the planes bombarded and strafed the villages of
anbaitantey sic7 t the Tsian aisian7 district,
Sandaokou ic7 and Hua
~
dropping a sticky, poisonczais substance along the railroad track between the
Huanbaitantey 5ic7 and Janfyn i,c7 stations.
NON-SATELLITE PRESS OF EAST EUROPE
FINLAND
Only one newspaper, the Vapaa Sana, organ of the Communistic SKDL (FinnisYr
People's Democratic Union) was surveyed. Twice mention was made of the use of
1
~a oats" without the addition of further details..
"bactex'ia and chemical warfare we p ,
On 21 March, an article appeared as an STT-Reuter dispatch from Tokyo and which
tOt4FIDENTIAL
Declassified in Part -Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/14 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000200070002-1
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/14 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000200070002-1
CONHDENTIAL
affirmed that the Korean radio reported that four American planes dropped gas
bombs on positions of the People's Army noar Ko$ong on the eastern coast of
Korea on 12 March.
YuaO$LAVIA
Although the Yugoslav press during this period carried a limited number
of "neutral" items on bacteriological warfare, no mention of chemical warfare
was found in the two leading newspapers of Yugoslavia examined for this period.
?
ySee~I
PART TIT w ) it -b-
The number of column inches devoted to the subject of chemical warfare
by country, was as follows:
Czechoslovakia
39-1/2
East Germany
59-1/2
Hungary
19
Poland
Rumania
31
Total
193 inches
COt\HIDENTL
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release 2012/03/14 : CIA-RDP82-00039R000200070002-1