LAYOUT OF SVOBODA ELECTRO-MECHANICAL PLANT

Document Type: 
Collection: 
Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): 
CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8
Release Decision: 
RIPPUB
Original Classification: 
S
Document Page Count: 
20
Document Creation Date: 
December 27, 2016
Document Release Date: 
May 23, 2013
Sequence Number: 
10
Case Number: 
Publication Date: 
June 29, 1955
Content Type: 
REPORT
File: 
AttachmentSize
PDF icon CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8.pdf1.07 MB
Body: 
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title 18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law. COUNTRY USSR (Kursk Oblast) REPORT 50X1 SUBJECT Layout of Syoboda Electro-Mechanical DATE DISTR. 29 June 1955 Plant NO. OF PAGES 20 50X1 DATE OF INFO. REQUIREMENT NO. PLACE ACQUIRED REFERENCES 50X1 DATE ACQUIRED SOURCE EVALUATIONS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVF 50X1 STATE ARMY NAVY AIR FBI AEC (Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field distribution by "#".) 50X1 INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 L)J LUL COUNTRY USSR (Kursk Oblast) SUB3ECT Svoboda. Electro-Mechanical Plant DATE OF INFORMATION PLACE ACQUIRED THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION REPORT 50X1 DATE DISTR. 27 May 1955 50X1 NO. OF PAGES 19 REFERENCES: 50X1 50X1 Gellera.1 1. The Svoboda Electro-Mechanical Plant (Svobodinskiy Electro-Mekhanicheskiy Zavod SEMZ) was located approximately 30 kilometers north-northwest of Kursk, on the main railroad line from Moscow to the Crimea, in the north-central part of the town of Svoboda (N 51-59, 36-17), USSR.4 The six main buildings of SEMZ were built in the 15th and 16th centur- ies and were used at that time for the Russian-Ukrainian Fair. Svoboda was formerly called Korennaya Pustin. Until 446, these buildings were kept up as national monuments. The Council of Ministers, 'USSR, decided at that time to renovate these?SiX buildings, build additional ones, and utilize the site for an electro-mechanical plant. Equipment for this plant was received from some dismantled?German Siemens Plant. This equipment was, for the most part, old and heavily damaged during dismantling and transportation. In addition to this, the plant -re- ceived new, Soviet equipment. 2. The plant management was entirely civilian. The plant was under the jurisdiction of thP Ministry of Electrical Industries (see page '8 50X1 for diagram of the SEMZ administration). The plant direo-coro61khaiL BOkla:g's, directed plant operations until June 1954, and is probably still there. 2 He was charged with overall operation of the plant, which was directly stibordinate to the Minit(ster of Elec- trical Industries in Moscow. Boklag, as director of thek plant, could ?only be reprimanded or relieved of his post by the minister. However, he received production orders from the Chief Directorate of Electric Machine-Building Industry (01avElectitoMashProm). aEc BET Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 -2- -\ ? The SyoboWElectro-Medhanical Plant employed 650 workers as of 2 January 1.950 but expanded its labor force to 1200 workers after building A new electro power plant and slightly expanding the original buildings, Work Was carried out in three shifts: 0700 to 1500 hours;'? 1500 to 230011ours; and 2300 to 0700 hours. Office workers in the plant directorate building worked from 0800 to 170.0. 4. SEM production consisted entirely of synchronous. generators having the following power:. 15, 25, 35, 60, and 100 kilOvolt-amperes, 50X1 starting apparatus for these generators. There were two types of generators': .t404e 'laving Selenium rectifiers and those with direct- current exciters. frequency synchronous generators i' having a frequency of .200 hertz being produced.. yearly production amounted to 12,000 machines of the above type, for a total slim of 150 million rubles per year. The plant delivered its products to supply collection points of the Ministry of Electrical Industries' located in Kursk, Kharkov, Moscow, and other largs.:: cities. These supply collection points in turn $ dispatched the pro- ducts to the various kolkhozy and sovkhozy, as required. 50X1 5. .112 raw material was received from supply depots according to quarterly 1 plans tilt0 the Minititry of Electrical Industries drew up for the plant. These supply depots were located in Moscow, Kharkov,_ large cities. and other a.rge, cities. 'Aliammt of'cbal Used_ icearly at 64000 to ' 50X1 7,000.tons . 50X1 supp y s or ages toward the end 50X1 o each month. Special expeditors, nicknamed "Tolkachi", were listed on the plant payroll as workers in various shops. However, they did not ever, perform those jobs. Their sole duty consisted Of obtaining required material in any way Possible4 i.e., bribery, pleading, cajoling,5(Do threatening, etc. 0.1 plants had this system ' and that itv:as the only really effective way of getting material that Ijaa badly needed./ The nearest railroad to the plant was six kilometers away. No rail-. road entered Svoboda because of the difficult terrain Alst outside of the town. Deep gullies and ravines would make a railroad very difficult and expensive to construct. SEM, therefore, utilized its fleet if trucks to haul raw materials and finished products be- tween the plant and the Svoboda Railroad Station, where SEM had a supply dump for lumber, coal, and metal. SEM had its own electric power plant capable of generating 1,500 to 2,000 kilowatts. It also had a temporary electric power plant which could generate power up to 550 RP. Th*F power plant had the follewing equipment: Swedish-made "Polar" diesel, 250 HP; two Soviet-made diesels, each 150 HP. The newpoier station, built in 3.954, had'foUr Czech- tade locomobilespeach capeCole of generating 500 HP. These locomobiles were coal fed. The plant had two light automobiles "tmoe Az-67 and 15 trucks of type az-51, ZIS-5, and ZI3-152. In addition to these, there were six to eight horses, used mainly for pulling the mobile fire pumps. The 'rayon. ' fire brigade was located on the territory of the plant. Fire engines had been ordered but had not yet been received. All fire-wagons were horse-drawn. Two men were on duty. Since t14s plant was located in an agricultural districtithe average wages were relatively low because of the fact that farm produce could be bought much cheaper than in larger towns. Wages for different levels of work and responsibilities were as follows: - SEORET 50X1 nni-laccifiinri in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @50-Yr2013/06/12:CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 SECRET O3- Position Plant director... Chief engineer... Chief bookkeeper.. Shop chiefs....... Engineer technicians (averag40. Administrative personnel....... Laborers (average) ............ Rubles per month O000 06000 60000 1500 O000 00000 00000 1500 O00000000 06000 1200 O00000400006000 900-1000 . 600 . 400 O 350-400 10. The morale of the plant personnel was average. It greatly improved after construction was completed on shower rooms and dining hall. A two-week paid vacation also helped' morale, and conditions improved greatly after 1950 when most of the construction had been completed and working conditions were considered generally fairly good. The health condition of the workers was also generally high. The plant did not have its own polyclinic, although one was planned. Workers utilized the rayon hospitaLwhich was subsidized by the plant to take care of its personnel. SEMZ built a workers settlement which housed 150 families.in Svoboda. Housing was adequate according to Soviet standards. 11. no cases of actual sabotage, although every time 'there was a breakdown of machinery, the Party and government suspected the workers of sabotage since this area had been under German occupation. There was much pilfering of c mpany property, however, and that was practically impossible to halt.. The plant was guarded at night by two guards armed With shotguns; one guard was located at the pass office:, the other made the rounds of the plant grounds. During the day,- there were two guards, both at the pass office; a woman guarded the entrance and a man made out passes. Guards watched mainly for thievery by the workers and fires. There was a total of eight to ten guards. The plant grounds were surrounded by a brick and con- crete slab fence 2.5 meters high. Plant Layout (See sketch on page 9 12. On page 9 is a layout sketch of the Svoboda Electro-Mechanical Plant. The following paragraphs comprise a list and description of the various buildings making up this plant. 13. Building No. 1-a bricka-listucco, one-story structure, 80x21x13 meters, with a monitor-type,low-pitched roof ,covered with maroon-colored sheet iron. The building had three bays running its length. The two side bays were five meters wide. The inside height of the building was 12 meters. The side bays were separated from the (tenter bay by brick columns spaced every five meters. There were fifteen such columns on each side of the center bay. The exterior walls of the building were one meter and more in thickness (see sketch on page 10 for end view of buildings No. 1 through No. 6), Building No. 1 contained the following shops and machinery (see sketch on page 11 for plan layout of building): a. Plant boiler shop - contained six water boilers, each having a heating surface of 36 or 45 square meters, and one steam boiler with a capacity of two tons of steam per hour at 12 atmospheres of pressure. The water boilers were utilized for various tech- nological needs of the plant. b. Forge shop - contained two pneumatic hammers, one weighing 150 kilograms, the other 250 kilograms. There was also a furnace for heating metal, anvils, and various other technological equipment. SECRET' 50X1 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part-Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @50-Yr2013/06/12:CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 -4- 50X1 14. Building No. 2 - construction identical to the building described in paragraph 13, see sketch on. page 12) this building contained, the following shops and machinery: a. Mechanical repair shop. All repair work of lathes and other machine equipment was conducted in this shop. Following is a list of the largest pieces of equipment: (1) Planers having a longitudinal movement of three meters; the width of the bench was one meter. (2) A double support, transverse planing machine with a carrier movement of 1.2 meters. (3) Facing lathe, having a\ center height of 1.5 meters. (4) Numerous turning lathes, having center heights from 100 millimeters-to 300 millimeters and a distance between the centers of from one to three meters. (5) Various cylinder-and cone-grinding machines of the same sizes as (4) above. (6) Various vertical and horizontal milling machines with table sizes of approximately 300x1000 millimeters and 500x1500 millimeters. (7) Surface grinding and vertical grinding machines of unknown sizes. (8) Vertical boring and turning lathes having a face plate diameter of 0.5 to 1.5 meters. (9) Drill presses having a drill diameter of from 10 to 35 illi- meters. (10) In the center bay was a crane which had a lifting capacity of five tons. The crane was operated from the floor. b. Instrument shop - the function of this shop was to turn out instru- ments,. des ? and various technological equipment. It had the fol- lowing machines: (1) Turning lathes, center height from 100 to 400 millimeters, distance between centers from 0.5 meters to 3 meters. (2) Vertical boring and turning lathes, with faceplate diameters of 1 to 1.5 meters. (3) Vertical grinding machines, of the same size as the lathes in (2) above. (4) Milling lathes, with table dimensions of 200x500 millimeters, 250x750 millimeters, and 500x1500 millimeters. (5) Universal milling machines of the same dimensions as the lathes in (4)1, above. (6) Cylinder-And cone-grinding machines, with a distance between centers of from 0.5 to 3 meters, center height from 100 tO 200 millimeters. nni-laccifiinri in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 S (7) Transverse planing machines, with carrier movements of 250 millimeters, 500 millimeters, and 750 millimeters. (8) Drill presses, with drill diameters ranging from 6 to 50 milli- meters. There were the following types of drill presses: bench drill, core drill, and radial drill. 50X1 (9) Various grooving, key slotting, shearing, and other special instrument lathes. (10) Facing lathe with center heights of up to one meter: (11) The side bay, of the shop had a locksmith shOp Where various instruments such as dyes and technological apparatus were assembled and made. This shop had a crane with a lifting capacity of 1.5 tons. 15. B1,04dirlg:10.H3--. construction identical to the building described in paragraph 13 (see sketch on paye 13). This building contained the following shops And machinery; a. Stamping shop, The function of this shop was to "dynam" iron, This shop had the following machines: prepare, stamp, and paint Eccentric (off center) presses, from 3 t 400, tons. Hydraulic presses from 10 to 100 tons. Friction presses up to 50 tons. Various automatic groove-stamping machines. Various shears for cutting sheet metal. Lathes for removing burrs from stamped iron parts. A machine for lacquering and drying iron. Two cranes each with a capacity of 1.5 tons. b. Apparatus branch - a branch of the stamping shop, Z5a., above. This branch assembled shunt regulators for selenium rectifiers and other products. It also charged the poles of the generators as well es giving them compression. 6. Building No. 4 - construction ideAtical to the building described in paragraph 13 (see sketch on page 14 ). This building contained the following shops and machines: a. Mechanical shop - mechanically -manufactured fastenings, i.e., following machines, which were described in paragraph 14b, were (1) finished all generator parts and bolts, nuts, and screws. The of the same size as the machines located in this shop: Turning lathes having the following dimensions: center heights from 100 to 300 millimeters, with a distance between centers of from 500 millimeters to 2000 millimeters. Various revolving semi-automatic machines. Revolving automatic machines having rod diameters of 4,6,;8, 10112,16, and 24 millimeters. (4) Vertical boring and turning lathes with faceplate diameters from 0.5 to 2 meters. SJI,CAET narinQcifipri in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part- Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @50-Yr2013/06/12:CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 SECRET: 50:00 (5) Cylinder-and cone-grinding machines. (6) Slot milling machines. (7) Surface grinding machines. (8) Boring machines. (9) Milling machines. (10) Various other special tecOological lathes. (11) Two cranes each with a capacity of 1,5 tons. _7. Building No. 5 - construction identical to the building described in paragraph 13 (see sketch on page 15 This building had numerous small machines to perform the reouired :tabs in the above shops. It had the following shops: a. Section for pressing and assembling one-half-millimeter-thick iron sheets for generator stators. b. Winding branch. c. Assembly branch. d. Painting branch. ???? e. Testing station. 8. Building No, 6 - construction identical to the building described in paragraph 13 (see sketch on page 16 ). This building had the Oast4pt shop f and the following machinery: a. Two cupola furnaces capable of producing 1.5 tons of metal per hour. b. A crusher-roll mill to crush foundry loam. c. A sifting machine to sift the foundry loam. d. Pneumatic forming machines for forming small parts. Smashing hammer-amanually-operated,machine weighing threetons. The immediate area was enclosed by a concrete wail two mete 's 4igh. Various metal parts were brought in for smashing to facilitate Iandling, and were then smelted or sold as scrap maetal. This was a relatively crude, "home-made" apparatus. 0. Garage brick, ; onefrstorytuilding 6.0x2:01c4 Ai:stet*. It bad a: low., pitched, iron, gable roof. 1. Water supply system brick building 39x410 metera ThebuildinjWas not yet firiished following additional inform- ation: The building would contain a reservoir and a chemical purific- ation system because the water contained too much lime and, therefore, was not suitable for boilers. 2. Plant administration building - brick, stucco, two-story building, 50301x6 meters. It had a low-pitched, sheet-iron, gable roof. On the first floor was a movie theater and the plant dining hall. Thia was considered to be a temporary arrangement until a permanent theater could be built. .The second 'floor housed the SEMZ administration. (See pages 17 and 18 for a detailed layout of the entire building and offices therein). SECRET 50X1 50X1 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 -T 23. Pass office - an adob4i one-story building, .5x4x2.5 meters, low-pitched, sheetiton, shed roof. ' 24. Temporary power plant - a brick, stucco, one-story bUilding130x20x5 meters. The plant had a sheet-Metal, low-pitched, gable roof (see. page 19 It had a 50X1 25. Fire station - a br4.40 stucco, one-story building, 25x15x6 meters. The station had a low-pitched, - iron, gable roof.. Horse-drawn fire' wagons were located in the station. 26. Coal storage area an area.6.3xi4-Meters. The area was surrounded by an industrial- wire fence approximately three meters high. 27. Raw material storage building --a brick, one-story building, 52x28x3 meters. It had a low-pitched, iron, gable roof. 28. Finished pr-oducts 'storage building - a brick, one-story 44x25x3 meters. The building had a low-pitched, iron, gable roof. 29. Storage of raw cast iron and. ready casts - an area 54x28 meters. This area Was surrounded by an industrial wired fence approximately three meters high. It was roughlydivided into two sections, one for storage of iron to be cast and the other of ready castings. 30. New power plant - a brick, stucco, one-story building, 90x30x8 Meters. The plant had a low-pitched, iron, gable roof. It had four Czech-made locomobiles. 31. Residence - a brick, one-story building, 25x15x4 meters. It had a low-pitched, iron, gable roof. The building housed the workers of the , Industrial Trade School. 50X1 1. 2, for pinpoint location of the plant. 1..Commen:t: Further information relative to management, per- sOna ties, and production will be published in a forthcoming report. SECRET 50X1 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 SECRET -8, 50X1 leo tro Di a rata of M.mini -brat i on of Oa SECRET SR 50X1 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 \, StCRET -5- 50X1 ketch of Electro-Mechanical Plant . at Senbo0a, USSR Zikp $141. 471113(d )11 441 .t o!4.ctee- zZ 4.-skt4 _o ...mmiraersluMnanfimmiII ?rokmaimlOsmrmommlbmimsYmoolmin. *PP= A?wins Amor Ala (WI aroti AMIN 1 OliRAe 11111141. 'ATEA CO_JuPPLY AstiV4 ul ? 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 SECRET -10- 50X1 Sketch of Shop Building .u.slectro-,mecnanicaf-Plant) in Svoboda (N 51-59, E 36-17,1 SECRET lorM. SIOlff VAND006 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 ? ? - SECRET. -11- Building #1 - Floorplan Layout >I 0 cc (I) I a ORIN. 5 SECRET 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Sketch of SEM Building #2, Floor Plan ^FLOOR, EL&NTA SEC RET ? 50X1 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 ,13 - 50)(1 Floor Plan 50)(1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 ? SEC RET -14- Building #40 Floor Plan Layout SEC RET 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 ,nCRET' -15- Building #5, Floor Plan Layout 0 tb SECRET 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Sketch of SEM Buildiu #6 Floor Plan 2Im 4?. SECRET 50X1 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 SECRET -17- 50X1 Sketch of Szakagl_L.22322m_e_c_hapical Plant Administration Buil"--ng 50X1 g?NTMNce. =-0-43TAIR WSW. I I 74.1 PINitsf HALL ----- DININQ HALL TAKSSIt44 R00111 I ?STAGE* THEATER A 134)Fri PMECTION?'? ? 800-rH roYER ( EN'TliyAr4 .ELa4szi......ELciaa A S7C Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 t Ineraion 1 ' PLANT PI RECTOR'S Of ric E 4,1+ AECEPTIONIOT TECHNICAL LIBRARY .TECHNOL.MICAL CV-11LP --- BRANCH aNQINEeP, 001111100011110, 6UPPLy amtlaH PERSONN et. BRANCH BOOKKEEPING 8ECT1ON colorAu CTIO k bRANCH NNI it"la RANCH. CHIEF tiro HAN1SJ TECHNICIAN EL 6.011? iCIA 50X1 50X1 30fri 4 GECON D &FLOOR* SEC TEg 50X1 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8 SECRET. -19- 50X1 Sketch of Tporary Electric ?Power Station at SEMZ 50X1 WO HP D UEL soy' Erp mADK a01.4111031,,, PAW114- r- /ao Kw as9/azo voi-To ? ittELTS tro DIESEL. sWECH 8 f+- milve gPOLARY 240i( asy,z2o 2.0m SECRET npriaccifiari in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/06/12 : CIA-RDP82-00046R000500070010-8