ORGANIZATION AND FUNCTION OF THE CENTERAL AGRICULTURAL EQUIPMENT SUPPLY OFFICE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00046R000500110005-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 17
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 23, 2013
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: May 31, 1955
• Content Type: MEMO

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INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
This material contains information affecting the National Defense of the United States within the meaning of the Espionage Laws, Title
18, U.S.C. Secs. 793 and 794, the transmission or revelation of which in any manner to an unauthorized person is prohibited by law.
COUNTRY
SUBJECT
DATE OF INFO.
PLACE ACQUIRED
DATE ACQUIRED
Poland
Organization and Function of the
Central Agricultural Equipment
Supply Office
REPORT
DATE DISTR.
NO. OF
REQUIREMENT
REFERENCES
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PAGES 16
NO. RD
31 May 1955
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SOURCE EVALUATIONS ARE DEFINITIVE. APPRAISAL OF CONTENT IS TENTATIVE.
SOURCE:
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STATE
ARMY#
X
NAVY #
AIR #
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FBI
AEC
(Note: Washington distribution indicated by "X"; Field distribution by "a".)
INFORMATION REPORT INFORMATION REPORT
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111111111111111111EMMIIIIIMINNEIIIIIMMELIO.
COUNTRY Poland
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REPORT
DATE DISTR. 28 Apr 55
SUBJECT Organization and Function of the Central NO. OF PAGES 15
Agricultural Equipment Supply Office
DATE OF INFORMATI
PLACE ACQUIRED
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
REFERENCES:
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SOURCE
The Central Agricultural Equipment Supply Office (0#ntrala Zaopa-
trzenia Rolnictwa-CZR) was created by the Ministry Of Agriculture in
1949 by separating the supply department from the rest of the Central
Administration of Technical Service, fOr Agriculture (Centralny Zarzad
Technicznej Obslugi Rolnictwa-CZTOR9 . It was fully organized during
1950. Up to November 1953, the CZR was located in Lodz at 75/77 Sienki-
ewicza Street; at that time, the main office was transferred to Warsaw
to the building of tie Ministry of Agriculture.
The CZR was directly subordinat Ministry of Agriculture; how-
ever, its activities were widei00 4and in some respects above the
L
responsibility of the ministry. vfunctioned on tne following two
levels:
a. On the national level it was responsible for the preparation of
annual requirements, and procurement and distribution :plans for
all agricultural machines, tractors, equipment and spare parts.
In this respect the CZR worked directly for the Department of Agri-
culture of the State Economic Planning Commission - (PKF'G)
b As astate establishment (przedsiebiorstwo panstwowe) subordinated to
the Ministry of Agriculture it was responsible for the distribution
and sales of imported and home produced tractors, agricultural
machines, spare parts, insect control equipment, and sheaf binding
twine for all etate controlled agriculture (publicznego .wladania
ziemia) . On this level, the CZR was also responsible for procuring
and distributing supplies of technical and raw material necessary
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for the capital repair and maintenance of tractors and agricultural
machines as well as being responsible for procuring and distribu-
ting tools and workshop equipment and tires and canvas for the
various establishments, institutaq,and farms of the Ministry of
Agriculture and the Ministry of State Farms. The CZR did not dis-
tribute agriculture machines and spare parts to the private farms;
these were supplied by the wholesale and retail shops of the Cen-
tral Agency of Agricultural Peasant Self-help Cooperatives
(CRSSCh).
3. The CZR consisted of the Central Office (Zarzad Przedsiebiorstwa) in
Warsaw and the following subordinated agencies: (See page 15 for organ-
izational chart.)
a. Agricultural Machine Supply Agency (Skladnica Maszyn Rolniczych)
in Lodz, and the subordinate Agricultural Machine Depot in Jawor.
b. Spare Parts for Tractors and Agricultural Machines Supply Agency
Skladnica Czesci do Traktorow i Maszyn Rolniczych) in Szozypiorno
51-44, E 18-02).
a. Sixteen Regional Wholesale Agencies (Hurtownie Rejonowe) which
were located as follows:
#1 Bydgoszoz (N 53-09, E 18-00)
#2 Gdansk (N 54-210 E 18-40)
#3 Koszalin (N 54-12, B 18-11)
#4 Opole (N 50-40, B 17757)
#5 Lublin (N 5145, B 22-34)
#6 Lode (N 51-45, B 1948)
#7 Olsztyn (N 53-47, B 20-29)
#8 Poznan (N 52-25, E 15-58)
#9 Radom (N 51-25, B 2149)
#10 Reeszow (N 50-03, 3 22-00)
#11 Szczecin (N 53-25, B 14-35)
#12 Suleohow (N 52-02, IC 15-37)
#13 Warsaw (N 52-15, 3 21-00)
#14 Wroolaw (N 51-o60 3 17-02)
#15 Krakow (N 50-05, IT 19-55)
#18 Orajewo (N 53-39, IC 22-27)
4. Chief director Stanislaw Maohnioki was in charge of the OZR. The main
office consisted of six administrative sections directly subordinated
to the chief director and two sub-divisions, trade and financial-admin-
istrative, each of which was directed by a deputy director.
5, The Planning section (Dzial P1anowania-N1) had about 12 employees
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and was responsible for working out and coordinating all economic plans,
issuing detailed planning instructions, and organizing courses for
planning officers. The latter function was supervised by the section
chief. The rest of the functions were among the following four sub-
sections:
a. The Coordination Subsection ( referat koordynacji) worked out
detailed planning instructions and planning time tables for the
subordinated agencies and supervised the execution of plans.
b. The Economic Subsection (referat ekonomiczny) studied and analyzed
the total activity of the CZR An cooperation with the Chief Account-
ant.
c. The Reporting Subsection (referat sprawodawczosci) supervised the
reporting system of all sections and subordinated agencies and
prepared a'collective report which was submitted to the Ministry
of Agriculture.
d. The Price Control Subsection (referat cen) was responsible for all
matters concerning prices of agricultural machinery and spare parts,
lgribe catalogueval correspondence concerning claims and adjustments.
The Planning Section controlled planning subsections in all the other
sections of the main office and subordinated agencies. As an additional
function it was also in charge of all correspondence with the Ministry
of National Defense and the Ministry of Public Security concerning
supplies of spare parts and claims, This correspondence was classified
'secret', since it often mentioned the-locationof installations con-
trolled by these ministries,
S. The Personnel Section (Dzial,PersbnelnyN2) Under Mrs:, K.-Kolodzial..
jczykowa,had about four employees and wasresponaible'for the personnel
mattere.of the Central Office, including hiring.and discharging, dis-
cipline of work, checking political reliability, keeping records and
periodical statistical reports: "It Was also responsible for the Belem:-
tion of key personnel for the Central Office and the appointment of
directors and chief accountants for the subordinated agencies.
The Chief Accountant (Olowny Ksiegowy-N3) had about ten employees and
was responsible for the completion(,of quarterly and yearly o011ective
balance sheets for the CZR, as well as being responsible for maintain-
ing a uniform system of accountability which included stook control
and inventories and the circulation of legal, commercial, and finan-
cial documentation, such as agreements, requirements,and invoices. He
also supervised the chief accountants of subordinated agencies and
'sent out comptrollers and auditors for periodic Inspections,
? The Organization Employment and Pay Section (Dzial Organizaoji Fracy
Placy-N4) had about six employees and was responsible for working out
tables of organization for the CZR and subordinated agencies o and so-
called collective labor agreements, and controlled the payment of sal-
aries, wept, and premiums to all employees of the CZR.
? The Security Inspector (Inspektor Ochrony-N5) was a "watchdog" and a
representative of the Ministry of Pubic Security who was directly
responsible to the voivodship public security office. His duties con-
sisted of inspecting all the subordinated agencies from the aspect of
security. He worked through socrot informers among the employees of the
His salary was paid by the CZR but he took his orders from the
,voivodship public security office.
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10. The Classified Documents Office (Kancelarja Tajna-N6) was a registry
for all secret and confidential documents and correspondence. It
distributed, filed, and controlled all classified material
11. The Deputy Director for Trade (Zca Dyrektora dla Spraw Handlowych-DH),
Leopold Krembuszewski, was responsible for the operation of the follow-
ing Six liections which were concerned with the trading activities of
the CZR:
a. The Tractor and Spare Parts Section (Dziai Czesci Traktorowych-H1)
under Stanislaw Czerniak had about 10 employees and was responsible
for:
Working out the balance sheets on all tractor spare parts,
ballbearings, and tires for tractors and motor vehicles.
Working out a general procurement plan and
a general distribution plan for tractor spare parts.
Supervising the Spare Parts Supply Agency in Szczypiorno
and the various regional wholesale agencies which implemented
the above mentioned plans.
Intervening on higher levels concerning the production and
supply of spare parts.
(6) Submitting periodic reports and statistics on spare parts.
b. The Agricultural Machine Spare Parts Section'(Pzial Czesci Maszyn
Rolnl.czych.-}12) under Bogdan LUdWic.zak had about ten employees and
was responsible for the same functions as the Tractor Spare F4erte
Section excepting that i.t40:-Conperhed with spare parts for all
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agricultural machinery except tractors
The Equipment 4nd.Material$:$46.t4OnADzial ArtikulOW Pomocniczych-
H3) Under LudWik Pudzek had about six employees and Was responsible
, . .
for working out a general plan of procurement and supply of tools,
workshop equipment, and technical and raw materials for the repair
of tractors and agricultural machinery for the establishments sub-
ordinated to the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of State
Farms. It supervised the regional wholesale agencies which imple-
mented the plan, kept records, and prepared periodic reports.
The Agricultural Machine Section (DZial Maszyn Ro1niczych-H4) under
Zdzislaw Rzewski up to January 1954, had about 10 employees and was
responsible for working out balance sheets n tractors and agricultural
machines ftrallagricultureand directed the distributionof this equipment
for all ministries. This section supervised the Agricultural
Machine Agency in Lodz. The section also kept records and prepared
periodic reports on agriculture machines.
e. Technical Inspection Section (Dzial Odbioru Teohnicznego H5) under
Ing. Benjamin Szezodrowski had about four administrative employees
and 21 technical inspectors and was responsible for seeing that all
agricultural machines and spare parts received directly from fac-
tories were manufactured according to specifications. It supervised
seven three-man-,teams of technical inspectors leach assigned to a
major faetory producing agricultural machines in Poland and Czecho-
slovakia. The section also supervised the work of.;othetteam546f
in*peotorvWho-WereeMplOye&lby the Szozypiorno Spare Parts Supply
Agency and inspected spare parts produced in Poland.
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The Utilization Section (Sekcja Zagospodarowania Maszyn-H6) had
two employees and was in fact an executive office of the Commission
for the Proper Utilization of Tractors and Agricultural Machines
(Komisja Zagospodarowania i Likwidacji Traktorow I Maszyn Rolni-
czych) which was under the chairmanship of the Chief Director of
the CZR. The section was responsible fOr keeping records and con-
ducting correspondence concerning the distribution of superfluous
tractors and agriculture machines which were not being used. The
.commission also made decisions for sorapping agricultural machines,
which were not repairable because of a laok of spare parts.
12. Deputy Director of Finance and Administration (Zca Dyrektora dla Spraw
Finansowo-Administracyjnych-DFA), Zielinskio (fnu), was responsible for
the general administration of economic and financial matters and invest-
ments. He supervised the agencies subordinaedt the CZR through the
following sections:
a. The Finance Section (Dzial Finansowy-FA1) under Jan Steps had
about eight employees and worked on ell finance and credit plans
including supervising their implementation. It was also respon-
sible for preparing financial reports end statistics. Under the
Finance Section there was a pay offioe which paid the saleties and
wages of all employees of the Central Office of the UR.
b. The Administrative Section (Dial AdministracyjnApodarczy-PA2)
had about six employees and supervised the administration of all
the property and physical assets of the CM including the mainten-
ance of _buildings and office equipment, the transfer of property
and the insurance of property, It was also responsible for sup-
plies Of stationery, office equipment, oleaning$ gasoline for cars,
telephones, etc. for the whole CZR .structure. The mail office
was also under this sections it filed, distributedond mailed all
correspondence for the Central Offibe,ofothoCZR..
The Investment Section (Sekcja Inwestycji-FA3). under Zygmunt Rosi-
nski had two employe-es and worked on investment plans as well as
sUpervibing their implementation. It-was concerned with the con-
struction of buildings and warehouses., buying new cars and trucks,
and buying the machinery and equipment necessary for the operation
of the CZR,
d, The Welfare Section (Sekcja Socjalna-FA4) had two employees aind--
-011petvl.sed the expenditure of welfare funds which were used for
the upkeep of nurseries, kindergartens', canteens, and sport clubs.
It was also responsible for organizing vaCations for children and
excursions for the employees of the CZR and administering funds
used for:the?purchawacrepair of equipment and installations neces-
sary for safety and hygiene at w=k, The section also organized
the purchase of vegetables and other fpcd products from State
Farms for a very low price and made them available to all employees
of th.0.4.CZR.
e. The Transport Section (Sekcja Transportowa-FA5) had two employees
and supervised the administration of motor lehloles in all the
subordinated agencies of the CZR as well as administering expen-
ditures for railroad transportation. The central office of the
CZR had only two cars for its own use but there were about 40
trucks and a few tractors in the subordinated agencies. The Trans-
port Section also prepared norms of mileage, maintenanceoand fuel
consumption and kept records on all the vehicles owned by the CZR.
.o
3. ThereOwareseveraksOlh-OlOaPjobtmipalpnaattiSaWallataatoothe
one described in la.t6 il'f above, The; Met periodiCailY after working
hours and worked on special problems such as: methods of planning,
simplifying bookkeeping, evaluation of investment projects, yearly in-
ventories, price catalogurq and organizational problems.
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The following sales agenbe-s were directly s'.Abordinate to OZR:
a. The Agricultural Machine Supply .Agency in Lodz at 2 Plao Zwyci-
estwa (Victory Square) under Director Boozarski (fnu) consisted of
an office With about 20 administrative employees and an agricultural
machine depot in Jawor (N 51-03, E 16-11). It was involved in the
final stages of planning the distribution of all agricultural 'ma-
chines but was more directly responsible for the financing and
distribution of all imported tractors and agricultural machines and
for only home-produced insect control equipment.
(1) As a rule, the imported agricultural machines were sent directly
to the customers, (i.e., State Farms or State Machine Centers)
from the frontier freight stations.
(2) The Agricultural Machine Supply Agency sent invoices to the
investment bank concerned ?which autmati7Jally transferred the
amounts due to the accounts of the Agricultural Machine Supply
Agency. In exceptional cases where detailed distribution
schedules were not ready, the imported machines were stored in
the depot at Jawor, The depot had warehouses and employed
about five administrative employees and 10 workers for load-
ing and unloading, All imported tractors were tested and
broken in at Jawor before delivery to the customers because
of the lack of experienced tractor drivers on the State Farms.
Distribution plans for the tractors and agricultural machines
produced in Poland were drawn Up by the Central Office of the
OM (Specifically Section H4) although the Agricultural Machine
Supply Agency was involved in the final:planning stages and
the execution of the plans They were sett through transit?
without invoice) straight from the manufacturer to the cus-
tomers) (State Machine Centers and State Farms) according to
the distribution plan
(4) Ack;Jrding to soUrcej the following were the yearly turnover
Plans for impoped tractors and agricultural machines for
1953 and 19541
(3)
1953 - about 120,000,000 Zlotys
1954 - about 1001000,000 zlotys
Source stated that these plans were almost always realized
and often exceeded.
(5) The planned turnover for home-produced insect control equip-
ment financed by the CZR amounted to 30,000,000 zlotya for
1954. The planned turnover for insect control equipment Was
rarely realized.
(6) The Agricultural Machine Supply Agency operated on a -profit
and loss basis of economic accountability (Na rozrachunku
gospodarczym). The sales price of the home-produced agricul-
tural machinery which was fixed by the State Economic Plan-
ning Commission included a 5% margtn.elrofit for the agency.
There was no such provision for the imprted tractors and
agricultural machines,
b, The Spare_PartElforT110#:rOgricultUral-Mschines Supply:Agency
in SzczypiOrno under-nrector Tadeusz Maczynski consisted of a
large office with 100 administrative employees and four large ware-
hoU8,0 With their own railroad siding where about 100 physical
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workers were employed.'
(1)
It was responsible for the procurement, storage and distrib-
ution of all spare parts for tractors and agriculture machines
and tires including both imported and home-produced products.
Sheaf binding twine was only financed by the Spare Parts Supply
Agency; for the most part, its distribution was directed by
the Central Office of the CZR and effected by direct shipments
from the factories to the end-users.-
According to the general plan of the CZR, the Spare Parts Supply
Agency conducted all the business of procurement directly with
the factories and central sales offices of the different indus-
tries concerned and financed the manufacture of spare parts in
local cooperative workshops. It supplied the Cal Regional
Wholesale Agencies only.
(4) All spare parts for tractors and agricultural machines were
delivered by the factories in bulk and stored int:the warehouses
at Szczypiorno. The agency distributed the spare parts to the
Regional Wholesale Agencies by railroad freight cars which
were loaded with the required assortment of spare parts.
(5)
According to source, the following was the yearly turnover
plan for the Spare Parts Supply Agency for 1954:
Spare parts for tractor8,.. ball bearings, tires 280,00000000 zlotys
Spare parts for agricultural machines 8o,000,000 zlotys
Sheaf-binding 'twine 80,000,000 zlotys
440,000,000 zlotys
(6) The Spare Parts Supply Agency ''0104rated. on 8'..quasi profit and
loss basis ( na rozi!aohUh141.:gozPodarczym.)-,and received the
'following margin of 'prOfit'allowances in the prices established
by the
(7)
On spare parts for tractors
On spare parts for agricultural machines
On ball bearings and.tires
On sheaf-binding twine
All the above mentioned turnover was effected,without actual
cash transactions (bezgotowkowo). The invoices for the pro-
ducts sold were sent to the respective banks of the customers,
which then transferred the amount due to the account of the
Spare Parts Supply Agency.
c. Each of the sixteen Regional Wholesale Agencies consisted of an
office and warehouses. Each had a director and employed about 25
administrative employees and about 20 physical workers.
(1) The office consisted of a Planning Section, a Personnel Section,
a Trade Section (which was in charge of the warehouses and
finance-accounting), and an Administrative Section.
(2) The warehouses varied a great deal in size and arrangement.
Some of them had railroad sidings; some were located in old
unsuitable buildings. Each agency had two trucks for its own
use; customers provided their own transportation.
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(3) The. wholesale agencies supplied spare parts.for tractors and
. agriculture machinea,:tools, work shop equipment and technical'
meterial:for repairs, Oxygen, acetylene, etc. to State Machine
'Centers,(POMS) and ToiNnship Machine Centers (Gminne Osrodki
'Maszynome GOMs) tO the factories and work shops of the Tech
nical:Service to Agriculture (TOR)ard to the. work shops operated
,at all State Farms controlled by he ministry of State Farms and
other ministries such asthe-Ministries of National Defense,
.Public Security, Miningxend Forestry.
. (4) The Regional Wholesale Agencies did not supply spare parts or
materials to private farmers. Some of the wholesale agencies
occasionally supplied small quantities of spare parts to the
farms administered by the Soviet Army in. the Koszelin and
Zielone Gore areas.
Each 'regional wholesale agency kept a stock of 10,000 to
15,000 different kinds of spare parts. and materials which
were valued at 4 to 6,000,000 zlotys. The stock was listed
according to the CZR catalogue and replenished (juarterly.
(6) The wholesale agencies purchased spare parts for tractors
and agricUltural machines mainly from the Spare Parts Supply
Agency or directly. from factories through the intermediary of
the Supply Agency.
..(7)., Toole, workshop equipmentandteChni.cal.Materials were pun-.
:ohasedfrOm.the verkoup:yptpd611#. sncrregiOnal wholesale
. . . , ,
'Ptenbiaa of the Yari,.0.0M440.rikS;411,1AAS.
T.; ,
e:.
CR,
rofiVand, 1040 bee:,
. .
(5)
*.ratad on a quasi
1141.e,tiupply agencies,
--
According Eiource4. 'CurnOver'fOr,each regional
, , ,
mlic,110001e,',4110,r101 anouned o froM:20,:tb. 3,0,000,000 :zlotys. In
the largsat agencies,t4i,t6rnckerTotten amounted to 40,000,000
zlotys. The price of spare parts and technical material was
fixed by the PKPCf,recorded.clnlOtatiOtaOttup of CO, and included a .
5.% margin of proflt allowance for the wholesale agency for spare
Parts and a 4% allowance.for ball Liearings:and tires.
(10) All aocounts were settled by the banks to which the invoices
were sant. Only small purchames up'to 100 zlotys were paid
by oustomers in cach.
(11) There were three groups of wholemale tgencies as far as the
turnover was concerned large meOlum, and =ell, The class-
ification depended on the quantity of trectora and agricul-
ture machines whioh were in operation at the state Yams and
Oellective terms in the area. The largest ones were in Wro-
010wo Siczecinoand Koszelin) the 5mal1eet were in Radom.,
rizessow, Warsaw, and Lodz.
(22) aft and itm arsenates did not sOply f?uel for ?traatora and
trucks, Petroleum produoto were purohumed from local depots
and Seeollna atations whioh wereoon'crolled by the Contoll
Wee Offtele of Petroleum' thitti,i(dentiiiitleodUktoehtto-
',rah) ?
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15. According to source, the following turnover was planned for the CZR and
its subordinate agencies for 1954: The figures are in millions of zlotys.
a. Spare Parts for Tractors: CZR-Total Supply Wholesale
Agencies Agencies
Parts for Zetor (all imported) 115 115 115
Parts for Ursus 70 70
Parts for USSIi Traators (aLlimportv$ 15 15
Parts for US_ Tractors 10 ? 10
Ball bearings (about 75% imported) 30 30
Tires (about 50% imported) 40 4o
otal 20 2
0 20
b. Spare Parts for Agriculture Machines:
Cultivating machines (ploughs,
harrows, planters, sowing .
machines). 20 10 20
Harvesting machines (harvesters,
combines, potato diggers). 60 60 60
Threshing and winnowing machines 30 10
Total 110 8o
0. Agi.112mtat
and Technical Material:
Technical Material (i.e., mate-
rial used for repairs to ma-
chineag screws, washers, wood
etc.) 10
Foundry and metal materials
(iron rods, sheetejetc.) 15
Colored Metals (brass, bronze,
and zinc) 30
Tools and Work Shop Equipment 30
Sheaf-binding twine 80
total 165
ago
mob
410
80
80
d. Agripultural Machines:
Imported Tractors and
Agriculture Machines 100 100
Insect Control Equipment
(all home produced) 30 aP
Ntal 130 130
RAtift: Grand Total 6135 570 475
(1) The figures in the first column (CZR) represent the total
planned turnover for an item handled by the CZR as a whole.
The figures in the other two columns (Supply Agencies and
Wholesale Agencies) represent that part of the total planned
turnover for an item that was to be handled by the supply
110
10
15
30
30
.1????168 5
IMP
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10 -
and distributing agencies. Thus, in section a, 115 million
zlotys was the total planned turnover for spare parts for
Zetor tractors, and the supply agencies and the wholesale
agencies in turn were to handle the same 115 million zlotys
worth of spare parts.
(2) If the figure in the space under either the supply agency
or the wholesale agency column is either less than the plan-
ned turnover under the CZR column or the space is left blank,
it means either that only that part of the total was to be
handled by those agencies or that,no part of the total was
to be handled by those agencies. Thus, in section b, only
10 million of the total planned turnover for threshing and
winnowing machines was to be handled by the supply agencies;
the wholesale agencies were to handle both that 10 million
zlotys worth of machines already handled by the supply
agencies and the remaining 20 million, zlotys worth which
they were to' receive by direct distribution from the factorieslo
In section c, the 30 million zlotys planned turnover for
tools and workshop equipment was to be handled directly by
the whOlesale agencies and was not to go through the supply
agencies at all.
6. It was planned that spare parts and equipment and technical material
(sections a, b, and c in para 14 above) to the total value of 555 million
zlotys were to be distributed in 1954 as follows:
State Farms About 252 million zlotys
State and Township
Machine Centers 170 million ZlQtY!
Establishments of
Technical Service for
AgricUlture
Others - (Farms controlled
by different enistries)
90 million zlotYa
45 million zlotys
Peasant Self-Help Cooperatives which supplied the collective and private
farms were not included in the plan.
The CM employed about 120 administrative employees at the central office.
Lefore the central office was transferred to Warsaw, all employees received
a dismissal notice. Only about 20 key personnel were retained and trans-
ferred from Lodz to Warsaw and each of them had to be approved by the
Vice-Minister of Agriculture, Czeszlaw Domagala. At the beginning, some
of the old personnel were employed for a few months in Warsaw, but when
the central office finally settled in the capital, it consisted of about
85% new personnel who were hired in Warsaw* Several of the old employees
were transferred to the subordinate agencies of the CZR. Housing dif-
ficulties in Warsaw were used to some extent as a pretext for this purge.
Week-day office hours at the CZR were 0700 - 1500 hours in Lodz and 0800 -
1600 hours in Warsaw and up to 1300 - 1400 hours on 10turdays. In winter,
office hours started one-half hour later, Strict discipline of work was
enforced. Every employee had to sign an attendance check list in his
own section. The list was collected and later checked by the personnel
section. When leaving during office hours, even on duty, a special pass
Was necessary. A special written permit was required from the chief dir-
ector to work after office hours. This was required because of overtime
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pay. The special commissions mentioned in para 13 worked after office
hours as a rule. Members of these commissions were paid extra for their
work from special funds available in the CZR or from funds provided by
the Ministry of Agriculture. Almost all employees were members of the
Union of Agricultural Workers and Employees (Zwiazek Zawodowy Robotnikow
Pracownikow Rolnych) and paid a membership fee which amounted to one
percent of their salary.
19. The Ministry of Agriculture regarded the CZR as a most efficient estab-
lishment by comparison with others, especially as far as planning and
financial matters were concerned. However, the ministry very often used
the CZR to cover financial difficulties and inefficiency in the ministry
or in the other subordinate establishments; for example, the CZR was
ordered to accept unnecessary products from the TOR and forced to make
credit sales to POM's and State Farms. The distribution of imported
agriculture machines and all spare parts was conducted by the central
office of the CZR according to plans. However, laxness in discipline
and a disregard of regulations as well as the insufficient supervision
of subordinated agencies resulted in several irregularities. These
irregularities occurred mainly in the wholesale agencies which used to
make unauthorized sales of technical materials, tiresJetc, to private
farmers and enter the sale on their books as having been made to some
state institution. Usually somebody at the state institution' was in on
the deal and thus covered up from that end. The CZR did not suffer any
loss in such cases because the materials were-paid for. Actually the
materials were resold for a price three or four times higher than-the
official one and the persons involved in the deal shared the profits.
20. The home production of agricultural machines was carried out according
to the Six-Year-Plan. The quantity and types to be produced were deter-
mined by the State Economic Planning Commission (PKPG). The Central
Administration of the Agricultural Machine Industry (Centralny Zarzad
Przemyslu Maszyn Rolniczych - CZPMR), under the Ministry of Machine
Industry, was responsible for the actual production. The Ministry of
Agriculture and its subordinate, the Institute for the Mechanization
and Electrification of Agriculture, had only a limited influence on the
types and quantity of agricultural machines to be produced. As already
mentioned in pare 2 of this report the CZR Was limited in this respect,
to working out general procurement and distribution plans. Source heard
that the State Economic Planning Commission decided to spend 900,000,000
zlotys for 1954 for the home production of tractor and agricultural
machines and 30,000,000 zlotys for insect control equipment. The latter
was to be financed through the CZR. Source did not know how the home
produced agricultural machinery was distributed in 1954, nor did he
know how many machines were supplied to State Machine Centers and State
Farms and how many were given to the Central Agency of Agricultural
Peasant Self-Help Cooperatives (CRSSCh) which supplied collective and
private farms, The CRSSCh was subordinated to the Ministry of Home Trade
and paid the production price for home produced agricultural machines and
spare parts. It sold at retail prices, however, which were generally
100 % higher.
1. Source had no detailed information on *the production of agricultural
machines in Poland. He stated that the production of Polish grain com-
bines was started in 1954 in the Poznan-Staroleka factory. This factory
was developed from a work shop which formerly produced spare parts for
tractors. The production of these combines was based on the technical
dooumentation of Soviet S-4 grain combines. Source expressed doubts
that this factory would be able to roduce high quality combines. He
heard many complaints about the quality of Polish-produced tractor-
drawn seed drills. The Ursus was regarded as' the best tractor in
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- 12 -
Poland evenin comparison withalithe imported types of tractors.
Tractor drawn plows of Polish production were also regarded as good.
22. Source was not able to give any figures on the total availability of
agricultural machines by quantity and type except for tractors. He
remembered that in 1953 the following tractors were in operation in
Poland:
Ursus (Polish) about 20,000
Zetor (Czech) about 15,000
KD-35 and S-80- Soviet) about 1,000
American about 2,000
Misc. (mostly German) about 1,000
Most of the agricultural machines used by state Farms, TOwnship Agri-
cultural wohine cnters and oollective and private farms were old pre-
war types, The state machine Canters had mostly new machines. On the
whole, there was a shortage of ?traetor-drawn machines and very often
horse drawn machines were used instead, As a rule, all tractor drawn
maehinery was given to State Machine Centers.and State Farms. There
was a big shortage of potatcr-and sugar digging machines. Some types
of agricultural Machines produced in-Poland, such as winnowers (mlynki),
did not find easy customers beeauee of high prices.,
23, Source stated that the existing park of about 39,000 tractors was not
fUlly exploited by the State' Farms and State Agricultural Mlehine Can-
ters, They had more tractors than they needed and there were eases
where the State Agricultural Machine Centers used the agricultural
tractors for other pUrposes, such aei transportation for forestry and
construction enterprises..
24. Periodically there was a shortage of spare parts for tradtors, Cyl-
inder sleeves for Zetor tractors, and parts for the Soviet ED-55 cater-
pillars (pins, roller bearings) were often lacking. This wee caused
mainly by the fact that the Soviets supplied spare parts for their
tractors according to Soviet norms without considering Polish require-
ments. The heavy, stony soil in Poland was much harder on tractors
than the Soviets realized. There was always a lack of some spare parts
for some agricultural machines, especially during the busy seasons
(spring and fall), but never to such an extent that it had any serious
adverse effects on cultivation or harvesting. The main problem was
the shortage of labor, especially tractor drivers.
25. In the beginning of 1949, there was an acute shortage of oars parts
for all tractors Of American production which were supplied to Poland
after World War II bytTNRRA. Of the 12,000 American tractors origi-
nally supplied by UNRU,only 2,000 were in operation in 1953 as a
result of the shortage of spare parts. Approximately 4,000 were dis.
carded for scrap and, according to source, the rest will probably
soon follow.
In 1950-19524 the Central Administration of Technical Services for
Agriculture (CZTOR) produced a large amount of spare parts for traetors,
including 104000,000 zlotys worth of spare parts for American tractors.
No factory ln Poland, however, was able to produce the magnetos (iikrow-
niki) and splined-shafts (walki wieloklinowe) which were needed for
some of the Aterican tractor.a- Althmailkthe CMcould only ,use 60 mi1.
lion zlotys worth of the spare parts, it was forced to accept the remaining
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-13 -
40, 000,000 zlotys worth of production from CZTOR and was tuck with
it since many of the American tractors were no.longer repairable be-
cause of the unavailability of the other essential parts which could
not be produced in Poland.
27. The MI did not have any facilities for repair work on tractors and
agricultural machines. Capital repairs were carried out by the work
shops of the =TOR; other repairs and maintenance were done by the
work shops of the State Agricultural Machine Centers and State Farms.
For Planning purposes, the life of a tractor was about 10 years at
1200 working hours for each year. After 200 hours it had the first
luspection; after 600 hours the second inspection; and after every
1500 working hours it had a general overhaul.
28. As a rule, Poland only imported the types of agricultural machines
which she could not produce. Even when it was known that it would be
two years before a'partiCular type of machine would be produced in
Poland, the requiremeht for the import of that type of machine was out
out of the import plan by the State Economic Planning Commission.
Source does not remember detailed data on the imports of agricultural
machines to Poland in recent years. Most of the imported machines
came from Czechoslovakia and the USSR. All imported tractors and agri-
cultural machines were supplied to the State Agricultural Machine Con- 50X1
ters and State farms only. Up to 1953, State Agricultural Machine
Centers were somewhat more favored in:theAistribution. No imported
machinery was given to private farms.
figures on agricultural machines imported up to 1954:
a Prom Czechoslovakia:
Zetor 25 Tractors
Zetor K 25 Tractors
Tractor-drawn Plows
Knotek Sheaf Binders
about 10;000
about 5,000
about 15,000
several thousands
Czechoslovak factories were considered to be easy to deal with.
The deliveries were not always on time.
b. From the USSR:
3-80 Tractors
KD-35 Tractors
Tractor-drawn Plows
S-4 Harvesting Combines
IHR Tractor-driven Sheaf
Binders
about 100
about 1,000
about 1,100
about 600
a few thousand
The USSR Was very difficult to deal with; it did not accept any
changes in the orders,orany.ditimlibut. the deliveries were prompt,
c. From East Germany:
Very little was imported from East Germany. -Source heard that
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-.14 -
heavy insect control equipment, blades for reapers, and parts
for sheaf binders were imported from East Germany. Source also
stated that the CZR bought a very large amount of spare parts for
agricultural machines in Berlin in 1951. The shipment consisted
of about 70 freight cars full of parts and supposedly cleaned out
the whole warehouse of a Dering factory. Source was not sure of
the name or exact location of the factory. It might have been in
West Berlin.
d, Sweden and France:
Source did not know any details on imports from these countries.
He had heard that in the past years some spare parts for American
tractors had been imported from both.
29. Polish imports of agricultural machines were decreasing. They were
cut down by the State Economic Planning Commission from 120,000,000
zlotys for 1953 to 100,000,000 zlotys for 1954. In general there was
no substantial difference in the availability and supply of agricul-
tural machinery and farming equipment in 1954 in comparison with 1953.
Comment:
50X1
1. A detailed description of this agency will be published in the RC
series in the near future,
CONFIDENTIAL
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anizational Chart of Central ricultural E u
? el ;
nt Su
? 11
Chief Director
Office
/C?Z Re/ 50X1
Planning Section
Ni
Tractor Spare
Parts Section
HI
Personnel Section3t Chief Accounta.:11
N2 213
Deputy Director for Trade
H
Organization, Eimployment
& Pay Section N4
Security 51
Inspector N
Agricultural
Machines
Section 114
Agricultural Machines
Spare Parts Section
H2
Technical Inspection
Section
115
Commissions 1
I Equipment &
Materials Section
115
Utilization
Section
B6
.Agri cul tur al Machine Supply Agency
in Lodz
Agrieultiral Machines Depot
in Jawor
Deputy Director for Finance
and Administration D F
Finance
Section
FA1
Welfare
Section
FA4
Administrative
Section
FA2
Regional Who lesal
Transport
Section
FAS
Classified Doc
Office - N6
Investment
Section
FAS
Spare Parts for Tractors & Agricultural
Machines Supply Agency in Szczypiorno
?Agencies of C.Z.R.
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