CIVILIAN DEFENSE, BW, CW

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00047R000100470006-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 20, 2013
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: July 17, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/05/28: CIA-RDP82-00047R000100470006-2
u .L VII.1".12t.. J. -1.44
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY Hungary
SUBJECT Civilian Defense, BW, CW
PLACE
ACQUIRED
50X1 DATE
ACQUIRED BY SOURCE
DATE OF INFORMATION
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
Of THE uNITED STATES, WITHIN THE MEANING OF TITLE 18, SECTIONS 793
AN. 794, OF THE U.S. CODE, AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR NAVE.
LOTION OF ITS CONTENTS TO OR RECEIPT BY AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS
PROHIBITED BY LAW. THE REPRODUCTION CF THIS FORM II PRONIEITED.
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NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
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REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
SOURCE
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50X1 lo Since the civilian defense has received renewed
emphasis in Hungary. Red Cross courses in first aid (what to do
in case of an emergency) had become quite general. One woman
out of every household was designated a first-aid leader and
she had to attend the Red Cross courses Since
all students have been
required to take non-credit courses (two hours weekly) which
cover protection against air attack, fire, and mustard gas.
Such a gas attack is fully expected in case of war. Fire
brigades for each district were organized and all men over 50
years of a7e had to report for fire fightinaonce-a_week_heg2n-
ning in the
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50X1 Every apartment building had a 50X1
tenant who was designated tItIustee" and had charge of fire
extinguishers, evacuation,_etc. Vbrld War II bomb shelters
since been used for storage, but in the
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government ordered these shelters cleared out and all aJ 50X
arm
signals repaired anreadied for operation. There had been, 1
t
no general public alert or drill.
Although there was grave concern about an atomic bomb attack,
no defenses were suggested against it. Rather the feeling
prevailed that one would be better Off to be killed if an
A-bomb fell. The Hungarians were not sure whether the US would
? resort to atomic warfare.
2. As is the case with all mass activities in Hungary. the qp
controls the Red Cross. Beginning in the that
organization gave first-aid courses of six weeks duration.
Those who attended the courses were taught what to do in case of
emergency, ie, how to administer first aid in Case of air
attack, fire, or mustard gas. They were told that after a gas
attack;
had
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/05/28: CIA-RDP82-00047R000100470006-2
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/05/28: CIA-RDP82-00047R000100470006-2
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(a) gas masks must be used,
(b) rooms should be fully ventilated,
(a) oxygen should be administered to those who had breathed the gas,
(d) medical aid shOuld be sought promptly.
The treatment suggested for mustard gas was as follows: aboorb
liquid with blotting paper, wash with, benzol or petroleum, and
finally cover area with loose dry gauze. After such attacks, the
water must be boiled. In Case of cyanide contamination, boiling
is not sufficient.
the Red Cross intensified the campaign for blood
donations .which was begun in 1945. There was no mention of this
campaign on the radio or in the press; rather the campaign was
carried on by means of posters but the purpose for which the blood
was collected was not included. The response to the campaign was
generally good. I know nothing of blood banks or where they are
located. I do know that the hospitals were in charge of colleeting
and preserving blood. It was collected in quantities of 300 cc and
kept in small glass containers, sterilized, and hermetically sealed.
Blood was stored at sub-zero temperature (Centigrade). I know nothing
of a Central Blood Supply and Research Institute, a National Blood
Supply Service, nor a State Hygiene Institute. The use of blood
? transfusions was quite widespread in Hungary. Employed persons got
free blood transfusions but those who were not employed by the
government, such as older people, had to pay for the transfusions
or find a person who mould give an equivalent amount of blood.
One blood transfusion of 250 cc cost 50 forints. I don't think
there was any dry plasma. in Hungary nor have I heard of plasma
substitutes, extenders, or "Dentran".
The ordinary Hungarian, in my opinion, knows practically nothing
of bacteriological or chemical warfare. Newspapers have said that
the Japanese used biological warfare in World War II. It is common
knowledge that there are special units for chemical warfare in the
Hungarian Army and that chemists are put into this type, of work when
they are drafted, but of what their work consists is not generally.
known. The following is the procedure for chemists who enter the
grMy. All Chemists, even professors, enter the army as privates
unless they are already officers. If it is felt that they are
promising, they are selected for officers' school where they take
at least a three months course. Upon graduation they become
lieutenants. An alternate procedure is that a man may apply for
entrance into a Collegium (officer's school); this selection is made
by the Military District. Those accepted for this course attend the
university classes in chemistry, or engineering. When they are
commissioned these offiders must serve three years in the Army.
There is a training school for officers at Szentendre near Budapest,
and one of the students at the
With reference .
to the military chemical training given those students (particularly
those specializing in chemistry)
all the information I have was gleanea simply rram overhearing
students' conventations among themselves; they were presumably
forbidden to talk about it. All training was in restricted areas,
so that I never saw it. These students were issued Hungarian, gas
masks, but I never saw anyone around the university carrying One.
SECRET/SECURITY INFORMATION
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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/05/28: CIA-RDP82-00047R000100470006-2
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/05/28: CIA-RDP82-00047R000100470006-2
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? I think that the following subjects were indltded-in-their-training:
? mustard gas, phosgene, carbon monoxide,,b7drogen-dYinide,-ehloropicrin,
cyanogen bromide, possibly cyanogen chloride (although I am not sure).
Theory was taken up during the school year, but practical exercisei
in chemical warfare were given in sumter-campd;"students"took-their
as well
as other places, the names of which I do not know. I have _no definite
knowledge of the military curriculum. 50X1
I know that there is a Bacteriological InstitUte in -one Of the
medical buildings, but I don't know which one. I hate never heuid-
of a
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This institute nes
been modernized and re-equipped since 19,0. That is all the information
I have about this institute; I never heard of 50:00
the construction of a new building. Neither have I heard 500
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SECRET/SECURITY INFORMATION
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr 2013/05/28: CIA-RDP82-00047R000100470006-2