FOUNDRY HEAT ECONOMY DIVISION/MAIN INSTITUTE OF METALLURGY

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00047R000100540005-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 27, 2016
• Document Release Date: May 10, 2013
• Sequence Number: 5
• Publication Date: September 10, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50_Yr2013/05/10 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000100540005-5
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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
SUBJECT founu_'y gear :economy Division/
Main Institute of Metallurgy
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PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE
ACQUIRED
DATE DISTR. /P Sep 52
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS DG CUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION C T I KG T 1 0 N A L AEFENGE
THE UNITED STATES, WITHIN TOE RING O TITLE I0, SECTIONS 793
AND 794, OF THE U.S. CODE, ITS T MISSION O REVS.
11 AI TEON IS
CATION ITS CONTENTS To T IPTD R
PROHIBITED RT LAM. TH[ REPRODUCTION GF THISNFORM IS FROXI?I TFO.
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THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
1. The chief responsibility of the Foundry Heat Economy Division
(Zaklad Hutziczej Gospodabki Ciepenej) at the Main Institute of
Metallurgy (Glowny Instytut i'ietalurgy) in Gliwice was to assist
the entire Polish foundry industry in any problems of heat
economy. Prewar foundry heat economy was wasteful with no
direct supervision. After iorld War IIA raising economy standards by
research in raw materials, better training of personnel
improving working conditions, better equipment, and procurement
of better fuels was stressed by the Polish government.
2. To help train new foundry personnel, the Main Institute accepted
two technicians from the majority of Polish foundries to attend
a course called, "Supervisors of Foundry Heat Economy"
which was given during the month of November 1950, and again in
February 1951. This course was of four weeks' duration-six
hours a day and six days a week.
30 technicians attended these courses. Upon completion of each
course the men were given an examination and, if successfully
passed, were accredited with a diploma.
The chief of the Foundry Heat Economy Division was Engr Witold
Rosner, who also acted as director of the courses mentioned above.
Rosner and Prof Ocheduszko, Scientific Consultant (Rada Naukowa)
and Prof of Thermodynamics at the Institute, toured all of Poland
and assisted the various foundries in heat economy and other
foundry problems. Both Professors Rosner and Ocheduszko were
RM
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr2013/05/10 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000100540005-5
 Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr2013/05/10 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000100540005-5
SECRET/SECURITY INFORMATION
considered ` 1tin thermooynamicsp and were two of the few
advisors so ~ s i dustr?y in problems concerning beat reasure At
and heat balances. Professor Rosner invented an. apparatus to edst . to
the heat value of gazes on the basis of the eansion of metals . He
also worked with a Dr (fnu) 4Turkiewicz of the Main In sstitute of Coal
(Glowny Insstyttt Weglowy) in combining coal and iron. ore for a
smelting process. This process saved time in comparison with former
methods, .in Which coke asst first be obtained from coal and then
consolidated with the coke and ores for smelting. The two przofessors'
new method was reported to the Ministry of Heavy Industry '(Ministerstwo
Przemysly Giezkiego) in June 1951 as not yet perfected, but worthy of
further perf ection, and an such, In need of additional ' financing...
In November 1951, however, no further ' approval action had been taken
by the. Minis try .
Engr Franciszek Byrtus, 'the Division's specialist in coke researchs
produced a better coke for smelting processes. Coal mined in the.
Silesian section of Poland was known to make a soft, poor type of
ogke a. . Byrtus, assigned to 'this .problem., procured samples of various
types of coal from all parts of Silesia, and by grinding and mixing
these selections, finally found a combination which, when treated in
coke ovens at temperatures between 12500 and-13000, produced a good
coke for smelting processes. Byrtus and Dr (fnu) Foerss:,er, director".
of the coke factory in Swietochlowice worked-closely togather on coke
research. Most of Byrtus's research was published in the technical
magazineso ."Labor of Main Institute of Metallur,y" (Prace Glownego
Inetituty Metalurgii), "Foundry" (Hutnik), and Mine Review" (Przeglad
.Gorniezy) during 1949 and 1950.
Engr Zusanna Szklarska of the Institute specialized in the study of
the influence of inorganic compounds on the physical and chemical
properties of coke. She had studied chemistry at the Silesian Poly-
technical University at Gliwice, receiving her doctors degree
there and becoming an assistant to the University's Professor
Dr (fnu) Saloewicz (position unknown), who was Vice Minister of the
Polish Coal Ministry (Vice Minister Gorniotwa Ministerstwo Wegla)
Engr Emil Ry,ezka, the only spectali8t in rotameters in Poland, was
also a member of the Institute's staff. He designed several types
of rotameters which were as good as the English type, but much
cheaper to produce. Engr Ryszka subdelegated all rotameter work to
an engineer by the name of (fnu) Ryehlik, a young, promising technical
engineer about .26 years of age, and then concentrated on problems
.pertaining to open hearth furnaces, and the carbonization of the gas,
flame in open hearth furnaces. This ressearoh - was c-onAueted in the
foundry (Huta Dzierzynskiego) located in Dombrow . Goruic-,za 5020N.?
I912 7, vu:. 15 miles Ali of Katowice. (All plans and'eguIpmens, for this
purpose were received from the USSR.) The problem was this oarboni-
zing the gas flame in open hearth furnaces increases the production
of steel about 15 per cent; also, the heat transfer rate of a
brilliant flame is naturally greater than that. of a dark flame; but
in order to maintain a brilliant flame, such elements as oil, tar,
coal or coke,ball rich with carbon, are added to the San compounds.
50X1 In the US and Western Germany oil was added to the gas
In Poland from July 1951 on, various tests were made in the Kossoiuezlco
Foundry in Chorzow of the method of adding oil to gass, and the results
were satisfactory. The amount of oil necessary per one ton of steel
was found to average 20 kg; but. the great difficulty was. that the
aimou*t of ol,L, and tar in Poland was quite limited, and urgently needed'
by the Polish chemical industry, which forced the foundries to retort
to either coal or coke as a fuel. Coke proved to be a very poor"
substitute, so coal was. then tried as a carbonizing agent; but opal
SECRET/SECURITY INFORN4TION
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POTION
time the a, s of the open hearth fees bee" d d . r
even destroyed from the ash of the coal. or coke. This ash ca asb
With.. the materials. in the ' regenerators to form a s1rsg and prevent
14 to be. , poor a ibstit'at4, because $ abort
too,,. wa$ d!* ered
the proper airing and working, conditions of the'. rege .erators.
7. Dr'Laskowski and Dr Xorol, of the Main institute. of Coal.'at Katowice,,
i t .September. 1951, succeeded in cleaning coal of inorganic i puritte+
50X1 and managed to get a coal with as little as 6.6.per cent ash. This
coal proved cheaper than oil or tar, because only 15 kg were needed
50X1 per ton of steel.. The method was very sile
50X1 the C a per cent
50X1 coal was electrically ground at the aun ry; a pow er was then
air-blown through pipings and mixed with gas Dust before being fed
to the burner,e. This process shortened the melting time and
50X1 increased production by 15 per cent.
8.
MA Withod. Krause, the remaining member of the Division, studied
chemistry at the University of Poznan, and was employed by the
Institute ,in May 1951. His chief duties ' were to gather all information'
and facts pertaining to purification of water of the foundries belong-
ing to the Ministry of Heavy Industries. The water used in the
foundries contained an abundance of salt which destroyed the steel
boilers in a very short period of time, and it was on this problem
which Krause, was engaged.
-end-
SECRET/s. CLuRITY INFORMATION
Declassified in Part - Sanitized Copy Approved for Release @ 50-Yr2013/05/10 : CIA-RDP82-00047R000100540005-5