FACTORS AFFECTING TELEPHONE SERVICE IN THE USSR

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00047R000200610007-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 7, 2009
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: March 31, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2009/07/07: CIA-RDP82-00047R000200610007-4
SECRET/SECURITY INFORMATION
CLASSIFICATION
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY USSR
SUBJECT
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE
ACQUIRED
DATE OF I
Factors Affecting Telephone Service
in the USSR
DATE DISTR. Mar 1953 25X1
NO. OF PAGES 5
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
25X1
TXIf DDCUY[NT CON TA IML INTO [NATION Af1[CTINO TO[ NATIONAL DEFINE[
OI TNC UNITED DTAT[f. LITMIX TML YLAM IMO 01 TITLE IS, SECTIONS 703
AND 7M4. 01 THE V.f. CODE. AN AMENDED. IT. TRANSMI..ION ON N[YL.
CATION 01 ITO CONTENT. TO OI RECEIPT .1 AN VNAU TOORILEO ILR/ON If
IROOIIITCD LY LAN. TOE N[IRODUCTIDN 01 TNII FORM If INONI.ITNO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
In order to understand the address Peschanaya Ul - 700-y-Pr, Korp 1,2,3?'"?'139
iI it is first necessary to understand the following: On Peschanao Ul areo1en-
cated large groups of buildings arranged in rows in the form of pr .pe
ing into Peschanaya Ul, (see figure below. 25X1
the number of the room of the Min S 1.1
Q ~~ a a a IH
"loo-y Pros
t
The Moscow City Executive Council decided to apply the number 700 to this
"prospekt". This does not indicate that the city of Moscow has up to 700 various
prospekts. For example, the office of the Minister for the Maritime Fleet of the
USSR, Novikov, was located at number 620 in the building occupied by the Ministry
of the Maritime Fleet along Zhdanova U1 (formerly Rozhdestvenka Ul) at number 1.
This means that the Minister occupied room 20, 6th floor. The first figure of
i t indicates the number of the floor.
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DISTRIBUTION
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The majority of double or-fractional numbers for homes indicate that the house is locate,
at the intersection of two streets. For example, Chkalovskaya U1 21/2 stands on the
corner of Chka ovskaya Ui at'number 21 and is also number 2 on an intersection street.
House number 3/5 on Zhdanova Ui, which also happens to be the Savoy Hotel (Tel B 8-25-88.
is located on the corner at number 3 Zhdanova U1 and number 5 on Pushechnaya U1. There
are, bo*ever, occasions when a large building may be assigned a fractional number, as fo examples, the house at 110/112 Sh Entuziastoy and the buildin at 32/34 Leningradskave. Mi.
25X1
It is not possible to explain the apparent regularity in the numbering system (that i.s to
say, the close sequence in the fractional numbers). Ih' gat tsempting `to determi'6',whether..
or not a house with a fractional number is a corner house one must consider the following
(a) The possibility of a large number of rooms or apartments in the building, up to 150
or more, and 25X1
(b) The numbering system used for the neighboring buildings as well as the general char-
acter of buildings o that particular street (that is to say, are they single numbers,
amalgamated numbers ?Lsostavnoy / or fractional numbers,) 25X1
In pre-World War II Leningrad, homes which had two numbers but which were not located at
intersections, were not numbered according to the fractional' method, but were numbered
using a "dash", for example: Prospekt M&ksim Gor'kiy (formerly Kronbergskiy), house num-
ber 26-28 and not 26/28. Such double numbers, however, were Very rare in Leningrad,
standing of this -pattern it is best to compare a city plan of Moscow with an old telepbon~
book. 25X1
The letter "m" is an abbreviation for "most" but the word "most" does not stand for the
formal meaning of the word, that is to say, bridge, for example, is an organic part of the
street name, Kuznetskiy most (Ul). 25X1
The word "zastava" has an historical significance. In olden times, barriers in the form
of picket posts were established in the suburbs of cities. These barriers were placed
across all Important reads leading into the city. The road at the city line was barred by
a toll gate hlagbaua/ and close to it there was a police post. At this spot. or barrier,
people going into town were checked and tolls, if any, were paid. At the present time in
Moscow there are no. "zastavs" in the formal sense of the word. But, based on history,
this word is still applied to streets or regions in the town, which are located on or near
spots where formerly "zastavs" existed.
The word "tupik" (blind alley) means exactly that, blind alley. In Moscow there are many
streets which end as blind alleys, If one enters such a street, when one reaches the
end, forward progress is stopped and further progress is possible only by retracing one's
steps to the nearest intei?secting street.
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The word "ploshchad" is properly interpreted as a square. This is an area in town which
is relatively free of buildings. Several streets generally open into a square. At times
the square is landscaped and contains a garden and at other times is just a regular squar
As, for example, the square facing the Bolshc Theatre at Ploshchad imeni Sverdlova in
Moscow.
The word "prosek" in its formal sense means a lane which has been hewn out of the woods
for the transportation of lumber. Its use in a telephone book, however, implies the
following: In suburban areas, in the woods, "proseks" were made. After that the "proseks"
were cleaned up, widened, and houses were built on them, so that "proses 1evt.Uj,eu il,4,u
an ordinary street. But the original designation "prosek" remains, calling attention to
the historical origin of this street.
The word "proyezd" indicates that the routes are rather short'and narrow thoroughfares
for vehicular traffic between two rayons, squares, or streets. For example, "Proyezd
Serov'". The word "proyezd" in the telephone book has a meaning which differs from the
word "proyezd" in the military (komandnogo)_ character "proyezd zakryt", (route is clear).
The word-"pereulok" means a small street joining any two larger streets. The word "ulok"
is derived from the word "ulitsa". "Pereulok" implies a connection between one street
and another. The prefix "pere" when attached to a word means a "changing" place or 25X1
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.. .. s_wn- __ - --__~ >---+_1-11 s_ -t
times
for
The city of Moscow is surrounded by a large number of suburban settlements or hamlet25X1
which are located within a radius of 25-30 km from Moscow. A connection between these
towns and the city proper is maintained by electric trains, bus, or sometimes trolleys.
Some of these settlements are located within the city limits as well as beyond the city
limits, "Perovo Pole", "Khoroshevo", etc are suburban areas and settlements.
The addresses given as examples are explained as follows:
"Bogorodskoye Voyennyy Gorodok" means that in the settlement of "Bogorodskoye`t close to
or in the suburbs of Moscow there is a military settlement.
"Alekseyevskiy Stud Gor" implies that in one settlement in Moscow students cf several
institutes and tekhnikuins are residing. This common living area is then termed a "Stud
Gor".
In "Khoroshevo" there is an Ul'Gor'kovo. This has nothing in common with the U1 Gor'kovo
in Moscow itself, and moreover, there is no connection between these two streets. These
streets may be termed one family streets (ulitsy - odtfamil'tsy). In Moscow there are
three separate areas bearing the name Gor'kiy - Ul Gor'kogo, Pereulok Gor'kogo and Naber-
ezhnaya Gor'kogo. Similarly, there is in Perovo a Proletarskaya U1, but again this has
nothing in common with the Proletarskaya Ul in the city of Moscow.
25X1
"ITR gorod" stands for "Inzhenerno-Tekhnieheskikh.Rabotnikov Gorodok". During the early
years of the first Five-Year Plan, that is to say, 1931, 1932, and 1933, there was much
construction of such engineering and technical workers' settlements. At the present time
the original purpose for which these settlements were constructed has passed and today
the mere designation "gorod ITR" does not indicate that either engineering or `technical
personnel lived there. For example, in the to,m of Astrakhan in the so-call--d "ITR Dom"
xecutive
iy'
today there live workers who work in the City 'executive Council, the Oblast
Councils the MVD and MM'fOB. Thus, it can be seen that the people who live there now are,
strictly speaking not engineering and technical workers. This same situation
holds true for othier, towns and Moscow is no exception.
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_ 4 -
Dubrovskaya 1-ya UI d/tr means that along Dubrovskaya 1-ya U1 several. homes have been
constructed by authority of some cooperative enterprise for purposes of lousing its
25X1
In the USSR there is a category of citizens who have for their use during the summer
period a "dacha", "Dachas" belong to the state and in many cases to private individuals
In the suburbs of Moscow there are many"scenic "dacha" settlements where residences are
numbered, not as house number so-and-so, but "dacha" number so-and-so. For example,
Serebryanoy Bor,, Dacha number 153.
In this case, both'names apply to the same person. One of the family names is the real
name of the person, whereas the other is a pseudonym. in this
case "Abiseyev" is the pseudonym. 25X1
X1
"Kvartirnyye telefony individual'nogo pol'zovaniya are intended for use by all people
occupying an apartment.- In the USSR there are many housing arrangements of this type
(particularly in Moscow and Leningrad), where several families live in one apartment.
Each family is assigned one room. For example, in apartment 45 at number 4 Gor'kiy Ui
there are eight.rooms which open onto a common corridor, In these eight rooms live
eight families numbering about 20-25 people. The telephone for public use in this case
is generally located in the common corridor so that Any one of the eight families can
use this particular telephone.
When one wants to call somebody on a public telephone, it is necessary to know the
exact address of the person being called. 25X1
25X1
At the end of World War II, 1941-1945, there was a resolution of the Government to res-
tore in the so-called "hero cities", such as Moscow; Leningrad, and Stalingrad, former
names for streets and squares. This resolution was, with few exceptions, carried out.
In Moscow many streets bearing pre-Revolutionary names were restored. In Leningrad,
also, the older designations of streets were restored; for example: Prospekt 25 Oktya-
brya, which was renamed Nevskiy Prospekt. In Moscow, after the death of Zhdanov,
Rozhdestvenka U1 was renamed U1 Zhdanova,
A list of street names from the present telephone book, together with a Moscow City map,
will permit with sufficient accuracy a definition of the location of various points on
the map.
25X1
an explanation of the directory for the Moscow t
l
h
e
ep
one
network. In Moscow, as in other cities of the USSR, wide use is made of the basic system
of telephone extensions and switchboards. There are several types to consider.
Tncl,~' .ndsnt F+~r n c~r~ h=
In several areas (usually those having a dense network), substations are set up which
have extension numbers. A telephone call is made indirectly. First, one Must dial the
basic number, egg "I-1-25-00". When the substation answers, one asks for the extension
number, eg, "2-35",. Sometimes the main station will answer after the basic number has
been dialed. This makes it necessary for one to ask for the substation ands, once one
has the substation, the extension may be obtained as above. The numbers are set up on
a geographical basis so that persons having nothing whatever in common could have the
same main number or substation number,
Office 51 hboa= (hand or automatic telephone stations)
(a) If the office switchboard number is included in the city telephone system network,
one can dial the switchboard number of the given establishment and from the switchboard
ask for the extension of the person with whom one wishes to speak. For example: the
Ministry of River Transport in Moscow has the switchboard number K-0-29-80. One dials
this number and then asks for the necessary extension. The extension number will have
three digits, eg, "7-54". These switchboard numbers are in the phone book sad also can
be obtained by dialing N 09 which is the "Information Service" of the city or Moscow.
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(b) If the office switchboard number is not-included in the city telephone, one
must call the "Information Service" of the given establishment.- The "information
Service" of the city of Moscow cannot give the number. For example: The Ministry
of Sea Transport has as its "Information Service" number K 1-52-O0. This service will
give one the switchboard number and from there one can get the proper party.
Extension numbers from an office switchboard are assigned to one office or establish-
ment and also to other organizations which have a direct connection with the given
office. Such an extension can be within one building or in several buildings
Parall ions;
This occurs when art additional telephone is set up on the same hookup and given the
same number as the original telephone. These telephones can even be in different
buildings and belong to different organizations. According to the rules, only two
phones should be on a parallel hookup but this rule is frequently violated. Sometimes
four telephones are on the same hookup.
Since telephones on the same hookup ring simultaneously, a system is worked out where-
by the number of rings determines which particular telephone should be answered.
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