EVALUATION OF FOUR SOVIET MEDICAL PERIODICALS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00047R000300590006-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 5
• Document Creation Date: December 23, 2016
• Document Release Date: April 18, 2013
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: November 19, 1953
• Content Type: REPORT

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CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY ussIt
SUBJECT Eva;Luation o Four Soviet Medical Periodicals
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE
ACQUIRED
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THIS DOCUMENT C3AfTf,mi INFORMATION AFFECTING TIFI NATIONAL DEFENSE
Of THE UNITED STATES, RITNIN THE MEANING OP TITLE 18, SECTION- 793
AND 794, Of THE U.i, CODE, AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISIION op RefE.
LOTION OF ITS CONTENTS TO OS RECEIPT ST AN uNAUTHORIGID PERSON IS
ASONIIITED SY LAW. THE REPRODUCTION CF THIS FORM IS PROHIBITED.
DATE DISTR. / (/ Nov LS
NO. OF PAGES 5
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
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THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
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I. VESTNIK AKADEMII MEDITSINSKIKR NAUK SSSR No 1 Jan-Mar 1953
Iz Ak Med Nauk SSSR 1953
ARKHIV PAIOLOGII, Vol XV No 3, May-June
Iz Ak Med Nak. SSSR� Moscow 1953 ,
III. FAROGI I TOKSIKOLOGIt No 3 Vol XVI, Medgiz� Moscow 1953
IVT, ABKHIV ANATOMII GISTOLOGII I ENBRIOLOGII Vol XXX, Vyp 3
May-June, Medgiz, Moscow 1953.7
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I. VESTNIK AKADEMII MEDITSINSKIEH NAUK SSSR
1.
2.
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much
of the material presented in it is of a political nature.
On pages three through 23 is an article by Academy Secretary A I Nesterov.
. He is now [1953.7 about 6o and has been a
medical professor for a long time without, however, having accomplished
very much. he is now probably a Communist since he
holds the position of Academy Secretary. Secretaries in the USSR are,
of course, often even more important that committee chairman. Nesterovis
article is concerned with the unified medical research plan for 1953.
Its preface reads like an editorial from "Pravda" and emphasizes that.
medical science in the USSR should follow.party direction. Nesterov
states thatthe party recommends attention. to 45 research problems of
which 17 are Very imPortant.. These are not all enumerated:. As one
might expect, however, because of the current emphasis in the USSR on
the theories of Pavlov, one of the most important problems is the
physiology of' the higher nervous system, i.e. cortical actiVity. Another
is conCerned with experimental therapy and includes a study Of the entire
nervous sYsiem and of the compensatory mechanisms of the body. Still
another It Concerned with the develOpmeht of' the vital'sbtance, cells
and intercellular structure. A fourth is 'concerned with a functional
anatomical description of the "biological models of various diseases."
Special attention is to be paid to virus infections, dysentery, tuberculosis,
hypertensive cardiovascular disease, arteriosclerosis and rheumatism. The
author also lists the general field of hygiene as due for special attention,
including water purification, the medical:Aspects of city 'planning, such
specific hygiene problems as silicosis, special health problems of manual
workers and special hygiene problems of female workers. Also included in
this Very general field are the problems' Of working in a hot climate
and of the relaxation of the worker. The author also lists the following
as being prerequisites of effective medical research
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Khovleage'of EArxiera, ishinisM, etc.
b. Knowledge of the theory of "neurism".
c* Emphasis on preventive Medicine.
d., Utilization in research of past achievements develope
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e. Detailed planning of the research program including
strict supervision of the activities of the scientific
workers.
The author in this connection criticizes past Soviet medical research
for its low theoretical level, its deviation from party line and the
absence in some cases of any practical results. The author also
criticizes past Soviet medical work because of lack of attention to the
methods of neurism. These, he says, are not used in hospital examinations
and they have not been simplified and thus, practically all Soviet
h sicians have but a confused understanding of the subject.
however, nobody understands this theory.
3. On pages 23 through 28 is an article by V S Derkach and A I papkova.
These scientists state that therapeutic sleep following the administering
of barbiturates diminishes the resistance o' mice to streptococcal and
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staphylocodcal infections and also reduces the effectiveness of penicillin
in the treatment of these diseases. The authors also state that strychnine 50X1
and caffeine work in exactly the opposite .way� i.e. they increase the
resistance of the experimental animals to these diseases and render
penicillin treatment more effective.
4. On .pages 36 through 43 is an article by P A Kuvshinnikov entitled in
translation New Efforts of the American-English Dictatorship in Medical
Science which is a review of the sixth edition of the International
Nomenclature of Diseases.' The author states that this classic reference
book was introduced not to further the interests of science or to
improve the welfare of medical patients but because insurance .companies�
various medical trutts, various pharmaceutical plants and other capital-
istic institutions wanted it produced. The reader can get an idea of
the value of this review from the criticism by the author of the section
of the book which lists.deaths,caused by "lice action and legal
execution". These causes Of'deathi the author states, are encountered
only it theUS.T
5. On page 63. is a description of an international medical conaress to be
heldinl'ienna in mAy 1953 (the periodical
publithedli January 1953)e. The three PrinciPal aims of the ,congress
were to be thecOnditionSorlife and health Of the people.; the
inflUetee of.war.On'tental and 'physical health l and the duty of the
physician toWard these problems.
periodipe1 mentions. it
II. ABKHIV PATOLOGII
6
it was. Communist dominated.
this
was by,IT.N . Gorev +lin flii arttcle in this '76ei.iO!lOmi
.ge,.
was ctitaitri7A a'CommUniat prior to World War II and. in fact was an
officer In the anti-ed KOlchak Army immediately after World Wei% r .,
he was sort Of a favorite saiengfic son 'of.tOiginnkerui but
was taSt-a'very'able' sdiettlet:-He is - ' - '53:7 in his 50's. Gorev's
article is a very interesting. one which ould be well received
in."0..ae It'. It reflects the SOidet'pointe View concerning the patho-
genesis of hypertensive disease. at the
end of the article GOrev furnishes a very large bibliography which includes
many foreign sources., He makes no mention, however, of Bogomolets although
Bogomolets published a small book on this disease in 1925 or 1926 about
the time the disease was discovered. The absence of Bogomolets' name is
particularly. surprising since. Gorey Was ver closely
associated with him scientifiCally. Bogomolets also used
his influence to.prevent Gorev's arrest as.a counter-rev� u onary.
7. �The article it a goba survey of Soviet Work in this field. It contains
a very detailed, eXplanation of the nervous factors in this disease.
The article reflects that the dominant opinion in the USSR is that of
primary -importance in the development of hypertensive disease is the
loss of thesp.-called preservative (or cortical) inhibitions. Because
of thip loss subcortical and vegetative Centers of the brain are in a
state of perpetual Over-excitement. The role of'renal factors in hyper-
tension is in the opinion of the author Secondary tO the above and is
chiefly important in the later stages of the developMent of the desease.
8. On page 22 is an articleby N A Krayevskiy and A D Boboleva which is con-
cerned with the pathology of various kinds of leukemia. There is a large
quantity of statistical data presented which would be of interest to a
specialist in this' field. Over 500 cases are considered. No mention is
made of therapy.
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On page 41,is-an article by .G D MaLam which is, very valuable. 50X1
In the article she furnishes experimental proof of the effectiveness of
the tissue transplant therapy originally proposed by Filatov* This is
an excellent article and ratheretiggestive* .
10* On page 71 there is an article by K G Volkova who is, of course, very
well known even in the US having contributed a great deal in the 19201s
to the study of arteriosclerosis. In the article she gives a very good
criticift of an:article published in the UK written by13,411_9zDvirsicj.
it vas as bad as she said it was. Her review of
50X1 it was significant because it indicated the wide coverage of
western medical -Journals by Soviet:scientists.
. .
11, On pages 73..79 is a article by LAS Sutulov describing the
work of the new Soviet scientifc. star, .0 .B.Lepeshinskaya* She is now
regardRd in the USSR as the founder of Materialistic -cytology and before
his death was very close to Stalin. Lepeshinskaya opposed the basic.
theory:proposed about 100 years ago by Vircholo4 the famous German
cellular pathologist. Lepeshinskaya claims that the important constituent
of all body cells is a vital protoplasm containing bio-crystals. Eer
doctrine,is based on the examinationxf egg yolks of fisheevfowl, etc.
Eer:present influence in the USSR is, great:and now a number of scientists
have been called 9.deo1ogical enemies" because of their criticism of
Lepeshinskayal.
12. The book review on pages 79482 is tmteresting in that it is a
criticism of the famous Soviet ocl.entIst lineranelsiy who during the 1930's
Was regarded as the outstanding representative of Soviet medical science.
BR prOPoundeclarigwedic.sline_andtwastranslatedinto
Rraliall in 1Q17.
his theories now are considered. '
to.be in disagreement with the theories Of1404rism and that OperanskiY,
like Bogomalits and other, former Sovietetarsl. is now discredited.
13. On page 86 is an, account of a speech delivered by V D Tsinzerling.
According to:the-artiole'he.'rePOrted 0014_46 cases Of deat�rom
ppcminnia in sPi;be:of the use, of PeniCillin, and Other antibiotics.
Be id that inzhisopinion thfveharacterof germs Pausing pneumonia
has changed', Pathological examination, of the patients mentioned above
revealed staphylocci and streptococci but no,pneumonocopci suggesting.,.
that
that the two former are more resistant to pentoillin. Thivtheory
has 'found support in the US.
14. At the end. of the book are two obituariesi one of A V Eutitakov and
the other P P. A Andreev, both of whom were greatly praised for their 50X1
50X1 great contributrie7oT -glowing_tributes.
to these two men by Communist officials since Eusakov was at one time
Ailed for six months ass. counter-revolutionary end Andreev was
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z
III. FABNAKOLOGII I.
15.
Most of its articles are concerned with a detailed analysis or mne
action of morphine, papaveridin, barbiturates' It may be that this
concentration on one pharmacological field is due to a request from
Communist medical officials who are apparently very interested in the.
use
use of so,lcalled therapeutic sleep as a form of treatment for a variety
of diseases. these articles are very specialized
to hnically0
. appear to be very well done
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lb..
On, page 29. there is one article which
. The author
of this et,rticle
oaxIatio
A I Poit.7.110.vp.v., .aates
.
blood
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th,13; poctULU/-.2 � acid ing.reases
AMP/ ANATOMIC
.�IV.
GISTOLOGII I EMBRIOLOGII
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17.
Aa in the case of the previous publication) this periodical contains a
great many very specialized articles robably interesting to a
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srecialist
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many
illusizationS in the magazine
which
were of exceptionally good. quality
for &Soviet publication.
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interested in
a review on page 78 of a belt.* ITtr *0 A Zhdanov.
The l'AVi Ptrak
iS M S Spirov,
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a ,very fine
cut later beceMe a
Co=unist,.. 41---15--review-is very
ank b7Lames Zhdanov for all kinds of things like negligence
Of the,�theories of Marx and being a foreign toady.,. The same book is also
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reviewed, by B
least..POlitest
M IthrQmov who, although
he notes. some defects, in it is 'at
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