SOVIET MILITARY GOVERNMENT/SOVIET POLITICAL POLICE/CHINESE CITY GOVERNMENT - DAIREN

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00047R000400020007-7
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 22, 2016
• Document Release Date: June 15, 2009
• Sequence Number: 7
• Publication Date: January 12, 1954
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2009/06/15: CIA-RDP82-00047ROO0400020007-7
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY, China
DATE DISTR. Jan 54
SUBJECT Soviet Military Government/Soviet Political Police NO. OF PAGES 3
Chinese City Government - Dairen
PLACE
ACQUIRED
ACQUIRED
DATE (OF L
TM10 OOCUY[N7 C0MT01NI IN/OIY/TIOX 111[01110 700 01710101. 011101[
01 7X1 011710 IT1711f 11TN10 7X1 1[1NIN100 TIT11 III 11[1100( 701
AUG 794, 01 III U.O. C00[, Al 1110010. ITI TIANI111II0N 01 1101.
10TION 01 III 000710 TI TO 00 1101111 1T 1Y U100T4l001t10 110101 II
101M11ITII IV 110. VII 01-1\OVCTION 01 VIII /010 II 100X1/1710.
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
1. The first administration of Dairen after the Japanese surrender 25X1
was the Soviet Military Government. The Soviet Military Government con-
tinued to function up until but gradually 25X1
relinquished many of the functions of munie.i al administration to the
Chinese city government which was set up ticularly after the 25X1
Chinese Communists obtained control of Chirw :27 It is difficult
recisely what authority the Military Government still exercised
fl-Hg especially because one felt-rather than knew that the ultimate 25X1
authority in many matters supposedly under Chinese civil control lay in
fact with the Soviet military. The Military Government continued to exer-
cise direct control over the Soviet troops; for example military police
patrols toured the streets to keep servicemen in order. The Military
Government probably also exercised control over the "Union Russians,"
the name by which Soviet citizens who came to Dairen.from the USSR after
the Japanese surrender were known to diet ui h them from local Russian
emigres who had taken out Soviet papers Many of the 25X1
Soviet technicians in the joint Sino-Soviet industrial enterprises were
members of the Soviet garrison. It is my belief that when making up
the garrison force the Soviet command picked a large number of technicians
in various fields expressly to have them available to staff such enter-
prises. These technicians did not wear uniforms when on an industrial
assignment in which men who terminated their industrial
work resumed their previous army ranks. 25X1
of the political police were all "Union" Soviet citizens. They wore
various uniforms, army, navy or airforce, and some were in civilian
clothing. The political police had its headquarters in the former Japa-
nese Mi.litar Mission offices, and also occupied the Sea View Hotel in
Hoshige, a Star Beach, a Dairen suburb7. In the early days of the Soviet
25X1
active Soviet is olice -far ee ex 25X1
It was inde endent of the Ki i-
ry overnmen an p to the EKVD LMMVDJ. The members
CLASSIFICATION CONFIDENTIAL
seat?_E
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n the political police arrested almost all of the Russian 25X1
ti
o
occupa
yen or questioning. No stigma attached to such arrests.
e
. residents 01 V
Usually the arrested person would be released after a few hours 25X1
___.9_.,+ 1,4" At this time
foun
- -.+
or flays, if nothing serious ---
such arrests were so common that the first question asked of a Russian app s-
cant for a job was: "Have you been arrested yet?" If the applicant had beea
to the USSR Persons
arrested aareleased
here
wereserved
not released butfwereldeported clearance.
following categories
the majority disappeared..
(a) Russians who had collaborated with the Japanese secret police.
(b) A small group of 25/30 Russians who had formed a fascist organization.
(c) The members of the committee of the Russian Emigrants' Association..
Some few individuals were deported for non-political reasons, for example for
failing to pay their bills. An arrest and subsequent release did not necessarily
mean that the subject was,immune from further arrest,.: Some individuals were
arrested and released several times. One man became commercial director
of the Dairen Dock following his.first arrest re ease; a year or so later he 25X1
was rearrested and lost his position, but was released and employed in the
d, The
"treat"; finally he was arrested 25X1
a lenergo
ice were still active up until sts
they continued to make arrests themselves. 25X1
may have een maae~ by Chinese police.
3. One of the first acts of the Military Government was to set up aGSooviet ccivil ivil
administration which had its headquarters in the yemato Hotel.
Koslos]i (or Kosl w) was the first chief of the civil administration and by
Be was relieved after a few months
re ute was a pleasant man to swith. The civil administration was averse to 25X1
mporting personnel for its aand relied heavily on local White Russ-tans
and to a lesstr extent on Chinese, the latter for ix:teprpreters. 25X1
the civil administration of t lita Government was liquidated 25X1
se
Ch
i..
- --~
The staff was maae up of .Local.
For the most part they were not Communists. Chinese who had collaborated with 25X1
the Japanese were excluded, however. The mayor's secretary was a young Chinese
who had been dismissed by a local foreign firm. In its early days the registra-
tion of property and recording of transfers were the most important functions
of the city government. A great deal of property was being sold by Japanese
and bought by Soviet or Sine-Soviet organizations.
The city g vernment fr s establishment had jurisdiction over petty police
offences. it has ever bad jurisdiction in fact over
controlled either by the Military 25X1
These are
"Union" Soviet citizens. /Kft
orby the1KV
Government or by the Communist part 0.6 16
local S ian e Soviet ver the city has juri
a local Russian employed in the 25X1
c z r not. 25X1
despatcher's office of the port authority refused to do duty on Easter $ve. He
was tried by a Soviet Russian court charged with violating labor disc liine.
This however was before the city government- swpjstoih,rlthe! Chinese to hard labor
two Russian rc?9wri v4Y?? ^--~ ~-
Russian residents.
vi
25X1
ng
no civil cases invol
in a bri
ck factory.
25X1
ir-
When the Soviet forces moved into Dairen
following the Japanese s
ers of war but con-
i
25X1
son
render they treated the ordinary Japanese p as pr
tinued the services of Chinese employed by the Japanese in the police farce.
Control of t ordinary olice force passed to the-Chinese city government in
rsonnel were
due course* the ex-Japanese-employed Chinese pe
more police con-
in
li
25X1
g,
c
replaced. Since the city ernment has taken over po
stables are on the streets than there were under the Japanese. However his
COU L
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CCt 'IDENTIAL
does not necessarily mean that the force has been inhreased. T e JpPanese
used a police box system under which relatively few men were on patrol or
point duty. The Chinese have abandoned thi "tam and keep more of their
men on the streets. Public order was bad Crie-i~aa a n s
were organized and engaged in burglaries and looting.. T sse gapga were
rigorously suppressed, and public order was well
maintained.
t area has been o iced b the Chi e e om the be inni
all admuuistrative
functions re erformed by Soviet o;fic a.~a. - Chinese customs commenced
functioniwen the !Masse now administer the port. The harbor-
was a Soviet c zen hit 4 hsen replaced by a Chinese
ier th&n it was u}dar the
at Apart from the main thoroughfares; the city is #;t
.Tppanese. No public garbage collection q 404i we 44 t9 hire o owe col
lectors,
9r mss inoculations or vaccinations a aiuat saallpoz, cholera azd t 1.old were
enforced, !hose wee adminioered to .u gar 4l workers a1 the fa Aries and
to the general public at the police statip#ia, or c?casiga?ll ' at~ special eta
ticns set up on the streets. one occae.qfl inE?e!'latione against 25X1
bubonic plague were enforced; plague bad b~sea reported at sm- i -kai.
10. Soviet technicians, as well as g.ualifie4 leca1 Russians, were em lloye in all
of th.e joint Sino-Soviet industrial enterpria B if n.Y 1 eviet 25X1
advisers were employed in the Chinese city owern . Soviet political
advisers were probably attached to the Jort e4stern gowerr eggs of 'ice$ in
Mukden. There may have been some Soviet advisers in the local Chinese Oc muzist
party organization. ,
11. The CG4ines,q Communist authorities not only eontrolled but actually operated
all important 'industry in Dairen, either themaelves(or more usually) in partner-
ship with the USSR. The more important plants were under the control of the North-
eastern, goverment in ltumkden, the less important ones under the city government
of Dairen, Only small and ugi ort4gt ecaaqrns remained in private heads.
4, The city government operated a perso l depart est Whic had.. c44ride pf all
Joyment in the state-cmpera ed enterprises, Do sae co4d obta1. api.e et
In them or emave his em at with therm /lit bog t the approval of the perso
met. department. A young local Jussisg :architect was enjoyed in the Patron
ebanical Works. His. work there was limited to supervis ag repairs to the
staff quarters which was a waste of his Dr9les-sioaaal capabilities. Is applied
to the mmmaneger a local Russian) for permission to resign in order to work for
a contractor engaged in comatructiOp work for the city goner nt. The manager
told him. that he could not give him parris$iou to resign, Nevertheless the
architect left and went- to wor]$ for the contractor. Dot long afterward the
city government decided to do its gwn conptruetoa work apd the contractor
was forced out of business, The city goverment needed qualified men for its
construction projects and wanted to mplOy the architect. But the perponnel
bureau ruled that the architect had sever been relieved of his duties in tlie
Dairen Mechanical Works and was not eligible for other employment. Is ended
by having no job at all.
13.
lk.
the system of tasmtien in Dairen,
a heavy ro Rr .vas collected
from o'wn rs of real estate
Approved For Release 2009/06/15: CIA-RDP82-00047R000400020007-7