SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION REPORT

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00141R000100340001-6
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: U
• Document Page Count: 120
• Document Creation Date: November 9, 2016
• Document Release Date: January 19, 1999
• Sequence Number: 1
• Publication Date: July 3, 1959
• Content Type: REPORT

L.-I PW .4 3JL0 .
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PB 131891 T-25
C,611Y
CENTRAL' INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
SCIENTIFIC
INFORMATION REPORT
3 July 1959
Distributed Only By
U.S. DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE
OFFICE OF TECHNICAL SERVICES
WASHINGTON 25, D.C.
f ; wc92!' ' -COP
JJ
Issued semi-monthly. Annual subscription $28.00 ($4 additional for I p / /J
foreign mailing). Single copy $2.75.
-~~uns~alcL?. ~" I
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Use of funds for printing this publication approved
by the Director of the Bureau of the Budget July 31, 195&
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PLEASE NOTE
This report presents unevaluated information extracted .from
recently received publications of the USSR, Eastern Europe, and
China. The information selected is intended to indicate current
scientific developments and activities in the USSR, in the Sino-
Soviet Orbit countries, and in Yugoslavia, and is disseminated
as an aid to United States Government research.
SCIENTIFIC INFORMATION REPORT
Table of Contents
Page
I.
Chemistry
Fuels and Propellants
1
Geochemistry
2
Industrial Chemistry
3
Inorganic Chemistry
10
Nuclear Fuels and Reactor Construction Materials
12
Organic Chemistry
20
Radiation Chemistry
24+
Miscellaneous
26
II.
Electronics
27
Communications
27
Components
29
Computers and Automation
31
Instruments and Equipment
35
Radar
36
III.
Engineering
38
IV.
Mathematics
42
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Page
49
Antibiotics
49
Aviation Medicine (see under Physiology)
Bacteriology
52
Epidemiology
54
Helminthology
56
Immunology and Therapy
57
Oncology
62
Pharmacology and Toxicology
64
Physiology
72
Radiology
75
Veterinary Medicine
76
Miscellaneous
80
VI.
Metallurgy
85
VII.
Physics
89
Atomic and Molecular Physics
89
Cosmic Rays
89
Mechanics
91
Nuclear Physics
95
Solid State Physics
105
Theoretical and. Experimental Physics
106
VIII.
Miscellaneous
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F-cols and Propellants
1. Effect of Some PhosphoniF;-Containing Compounds On the Stability of
Mineral Oil To Oxidation.
"The Effect of Tetraa;kyld.iomides and Dipiperidides of
Unsaturated Phosphinic Acids on the Antioxidation Properties
of Mineral Oil," by K. K. Papok, K. N. Anisimov, B. S.
Zuseva and N. Ye. Folobova, Institute of Organoelemental
Compounds, Academy of Sciences USSR; Leningrad, Zhurnal
Prikladnoy Khimii, Vol 32, No 2, Feb 59, pp 358-363
In this report results are presented of the study of the effect of
diamides and dipiperidides of unsaturated phosphinic acids on the stability
of MS-20 oil to oxidation. Compounds of the following types were synthe-
sized for purposes of the investigation:
ROCH =1 CHPO(NR2)2;
ROCH CHPO N/CH 2 CH
'CF.I
CH2 - J,H2 2 2
IOCH2 - CH2 - 0 - CH = C.YPO(NR2)2, RCH;,= CHPO(NR2)2;
ROCH2 - CH2 - 0 - CH - CHPO N iC2 - CH2.\ CH2 ;
CH2 -- CH2 j2
where R is equal to CH3, Cr15, C3H~, C1H9 or C6H5.
The constants of the synthesized compounds including the boiling point,
the refractive index, specific gravity, and their effects as shown by the
thermal oxidation index, the volatility index, the active fraction index and
the resin formation index of the oil are presented in four tables.
The best antioxid.ation properties were exhibited by dipepirididedia-
mides of unsaturated phosphinic acids; as a result of the inclusion of the
/CH22\ Na CH2 to the compounds their antioxidation
CH2 - CH2 2
properties are increased.
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The introduction of phenyl and phenoxy groups increases the antioxi-
dution propc:rf;iuu of tet,.raethyldiumides but does not have any effect on
tf:.etrabutylcliwnide rand d:Lpiperidid.uddatnide compounds.
The anti.oxidation properties are decreased in tetraethyldiamides and
tetrabutyldicunides when the length of the carbon radical in the group
(I,IR2)2 is increased from C2 to cif.
Tetraalkyldiamides and piperidides of unsaturated phosphinic acids
have bettor antioxidation properties than esters of'unsaturated phos-
phinic acids.
Geochemistr1
2. Publication of New Periodical on Geology of Ore Deposits
"From the Editorial Board," by A. G., Betekhtin, chic, editor;
Moscow, Geologiya Rudnykh Mestorozhdeniy, No 1, Jan/ Feb 59,
PP 3
In connection with the current Seven-Year Plan, the extent of geological
prospecting activities in the USSR will be increased by approximately 67%.
The greatest increases will be in prospecting for petroleum and natural gas
and also for deposits of rich and easily concentrated ores of ferrous and
nonferrous metals located in regions that are of economic advantage from the
standpoint of industrial developments.
To expedite work that will have to be done in connection with the ex-
pansion of available supplies of mineral raw materials the new journal must
contribute in every possible way to the advancement of theoretical knowledge
and of scientific research done by geological institutions of the USSR in
various fields related to ore deposits. More specifically, the following
types of activity will be of importance:' discussion of scientific progress
in different fields of the geology of ore.deposits (with reference to ores
containing metals, nonmetals), and rare and dispersed elements); treatment
of theoretical problems in the principal fields of science; general treatment
of problems pertaining to the formation of ore deposits; and publication'of
new factual data that are of importance for the understanding of processes
of ore formation.
The general-program of the journal.. is indicated by the following classifi-.
cation of material that will be published in it:
(1) Problems pertaining to the regularities underlying processes of ore
formation and location of deposits in ore-bearing regions; characteristics of
metallogenic provinces and the geological structure of ore fields including
the structure of individual deposits;
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(2) Theoretical problems encountered in the study of ore deposits;
(3) Probl,_ms pertaining to the development of methods for pros-
pecting and investigating ore deposits;
(t) The most important results obtained in the mineralogical in-
vestigation of ores;
(5) The results of experimental work dealing with conditions under
which ores form;
(6) Reviews of progress made outside of the USSR comprising infor-
mation on scientific work in the field of the geology of ore deposits
carried out in countries of the people;'s democracies and capitalistic
countries.
[SIR Note: The periodical is published by the Institute of the
Geology of Mineral Deposits, Petrography, Mineralogy, and Geochemistry,
Academy of Sciences USSR. The address of the institute is Staromonetnyy
Pereulok 35, Moscow V-17. The Board of Editors consists of Academician
A. G. Betekhtin, chief editor; 0. D. Levitskiy, Corresponding Member
Academy of Sciences USSR, deputy chief editor; F. I. Vol'fson, Doctor of
Geologico-Minerological Sciences; G. A. Sokolov, Doctor of Geologico-
Mineralogical Sciences; P. M. Tatarinov, Corresponding Member Academy of
Sciences USSR; Ye. T. Shatalov, Doctor of Geologico-Mineralogical Sciences;
F. K. Shipulin, Doctor of Geologico-Mineralogical Sciences; A. D. Genkin,
Candidate of Geologico-Mineralogical Sciences, executive secretary. A
table of contents in English is given at the end of the issue. There are
no English-language abstracts].
Industrial Chemistry
3. More Extensive Application of Ultrasound in USSR Chemical Industry
"Decision:s of the 21st Congress of the CPSU -- A Challenging
Program for Workers in the Field of Chemical Machine Building"
(unsigned article); Moscow, Khimicheskoye Mashinostro eniye,
No 2, Mar-Apr 59, pp 1-3
In connection with the expansion of chemical machine construction
foreseen under the current Seven-Year Plan, new equipment for the chemical
industry must be developed in -the design and operation of which the latest
achievements of science and technology will be utilized. This refers par-
ticularly to methods based on the application of radioelectronics, semi-
conductors, ultrasound, radioactive isotopes, etc.
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Chemical equipment will have to be developed which utilizes ultra-
sound to improv'.: the efficiency of extraction, mixing of liquid non-
homogeneous systems, clarification of liquids by accelerating the precipi-
tation of suspended particles, separation of emulsions, and many similar
processes in chemical technology. One must also introduce into chemical
technology advanced methods for the drying and calcination of chemical
products suspended with{n a layer.
The conditions under which chemical equipment operates (exposure to
corrosive media, a wide range of operating temperatures, and an extensive
range of pressures from high vacuum to 2000 atmospheres) put new demands
to construction materials and protective coatings for these materials.
It will be necessary to expand the production of high-strength acid-
resistant steels, clad ("two-layer") steels, titanium, tantalum, niobium,
and other metals as well as alloys. In order to introduce successfully
into chemical machine building the new metals and alloys that are to be
used as construction materials, workers in the field of chemical machine
building will have to develop novel methods of welding, cutting, treatment
under pressure, etc.
l+. Development of Cyclone Method
"Results of the Scientific Activity of the Academy of Sciences
Kazakh SSR During 1958," by Academician Sh. Ch. Chokin, Academy
of Sciences Kazakh SSR; Alma-Ata, Vestnik Akademii Nauk Kazakh-
skoy SSR, Vol 15, No 4 (169), Apr 59, PP 3-25
The Institute of Metallurgy and Enrichment, Academy of Sciences Kazakh
SSR, has expanded work on the metallurgy of nonferrous and rare metals. In
work done jointly with the Power Institute, it has successfully investigated
the application of cyclone smelting in nonferrous metallurgy.
During 1958, the institute achieved reproducible conditions in the
roasting and smelting of copper concentrates in the suspended state in work
conducted at the Balkhash Copper Plant. The copper matte which is produced
contains 30-60% of copper; i.e., the efficiency of the new process exceeds
that of the conventional conversion in reverberatory furnaces by a factor of
1.5.
The Institute of Chemical Sciences, Academy of Sciences Kazakh SSR,
has conducted on an experimental basis conversion of Karatau phosphorites
by the cyclone method. The melted magnesium phosphates produced by this
method do not contain any fluorine and are superior in quality to ordinary
superphosphate and thermal phosphate.
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Puulyomidus Derived From Aromatic Diamines and Adipic Acid
"Synthesis and Investigation of Mixed Polyamides Derived From
Aromatic Diamines and Adipic Acid," by I. P. Losev, 0. Ya.
Fedotova, M. A. Askarov, and L. N. Sedov, Chair of Technology
of High-Molecular Compounds, Moscow Chemicotechnological Insti=
tute imeni D. I. Mendeleyev; Moscow, Nauchnyye Doklady Vysshey
Shkoly - Khimiya I Khimicheskaya Tekbnologiyaa, No 2, Mar 59,
pp 159-161
'Three binary systems were investigated which consisted of mixed polya-
mides derived from 4,4'-diamino-3,3'-dimethyldipheny1methane, its N,N'
-diethyl-dipropyl-, and dibutylderivatives, and adipic acid. It was
established that the size of the alkyl radical in the amino-groups of the
diamine has an effect on the properties of the products obtained. Two types
of binary mixed polyamides were obtained starting with AG-salt, 4,4'-diamino-
3,3'-dimethyldiphenylmethane, its N,N'-diethylderivative, and adipic acid.
The dependence between the melting point of the mixed polyamides and their
composition was investigated.
6. Plastic From Furfural and Furfuryl Alcohol
"A Thermosetting Resin From Furfural and Furfuryl Alcohol,"
by A. Abduvaliyev, N. Kh. Khayrutdinova, A. G. Andreyev, and
A. S. Sultanov, Institute of Chemistry, Academy of Sciences
Uzbek SSR; Tashkent, Uzbekskiy Khimicheskiy Zhurnal, No 4,
Sep/Oct 58, pp 53-57
On the basis of the experimental work described, it is concluded that
a thermosetting resin can be produced from furfural and furfuryl alcohol
combined in quantities corresponding to a molecular ratio of 1:2. The resin
is formed under the catalytic effect produced by a 3% admixture of maleic
anhydride. The characteristics of the resin obtained make it suitable for
application as an insulation varnish. Furfuryl acetal resin is readily com-
patible with silicone varnish. On being combined with silicone varnish it
is suitable as a special adhesive and varnish fo.; applications in the cable
industry.
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V. V. Korshak's Work on Organoelemental Polymers, Synthetic Fibers,
and Poi ycond nsa Lion
"V. V. Korshak" (unsigned article); Moscow, Vysokomolekul am ye
So edineniya, Vol 1, No 1, Jan 59 (published in April 1959),
pp 164-165
On the occasion of V. V. Korshak's 50th birthday in January 1959, a
review is given of the activity of this prominent scientist, who is known
because of his research in the field of the synthesis of high-molecular
compounds.
Korshak was admitted in 1927 to the Moscow Chemi cote chnologi cal
Institute imeni Mendeleyev. After completion of a course at the institute,
he received an aspirantship and worked under the direction of Academician
P. P. Shorygin, who at that time began extended investigations in the fields
of cellulose chemistry and of the synthesis of high-molecular compounds.
After completion of the aspirantship, Korshak remained as an instructor at
the Chemicotechnological Institute. At the same time, he continued his re-
search work in the capacity of aspirant and candidate for a doctor's degree
at the Institute of Organic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences USSR. After the
death of Academician Shorygin, he became leader of t:~ group working on high-
molecular compounds at the Institute of Organic Chemistry. In 1941, the
degree of a Doctor of Chemical Sciences was conferred on Korshak.
During World War II, Korshak did organizational and party work., combin-
ing this work with pedagogical and scientific activities. In 1946, Korshak
became head of the Laboratory of High-Molecular Compounds of the Institute
of Organic Chemistry, Academy of Sciences USSR. This laboratory was later
reorganized into the Division of High-Molecular Compounds of the Institute
of Organoelemental Compounds. During the past 10 years, Korshak has been
deputy director of t.ie Institute of Organoelemental Compounds.
In 1953, Korshak was elected Corresponding Member of the Academy of
Sciences USSR in the special field of the chemistry of high-molecular com-
pounds.
Korshak's scientific activity is highly diversified. His principal
investigations are on Friedel-Crafts reactions, polycondensation, and
polymerization. During recent years, he has conducted work on the synthesis
of organoelemental monomers and polymers.
He has investigated the basic relationships underlying the reactions
of linear polycondensation and has synthesized a great n=ber of ploymers of
different types by applying reactions of this type. Systematic investigation
of the dependence of properties of polyesters and polyamides on their chemi-
cal structure enabled him to derive important general laws. Technological
procedures for the production of such important fiber-forming polymers as
-6-
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rind 7.av;1n ,,.., t.? devcluped under his direction. Korshak also conducted
! :~tii; rt .ionsc ;rH H-lr the purpose of clarifying the effect of the structure
r;r.~ncrncr;: ',)ri tl:::f..r capability to polymerize either by the radical or the
u:ic rnechanl sm. lie synthesized a number of polymers containing phosphorus,
icon, gei:rnanitun, boron, and many other inorganic elements. He published
rn..r than 200 +cient.ifi c works, including widely used monographs on the
a'/nthL'nis and investigation of high-molecular compounds, which have been
t r?arro sated, into many foreign languagc,r~ .
Korshak. is chief editor of U spek'ii Khimii and a member of various
acc+.riumic and intcrinstitutional commissions For a great number of years,
Li.. has been professor at the Moscow Chemicotechnological Institute imeni
Mendeleyev.. In his capacity as instructor he trained hundreds of engineers
t,nd scores of highly qualified scientists on the Candidate of Sciences
and Doctor of Sciences levels. The Soviet government gave recognition to
the valuable nature of Korshak's activity by awarding to him three decora-
tions, several meials, and two Stalin prizes in the field of chemical
sciences.
c3. Some Papers on Glass Presented at Eighth Mendeleyev Congress
"The Science of Glass at the Eighth Mendeleyev Congress"
(unsigned article); Moscow, Steklo i Keranika, Vol 16,
No 5, May 5Q, pp 1-4
Thirty papers were presented in the Section of Chemistry and Technology
of Glass at the Eighth Mendeleyev Congress, held in the second half of
March 1959 at Moscow.
A communication by V. V. Vargin and G. 0. Karapetyan (State Optical
Institute) dealt with the absorption spectra, luminescence, and photo-
chemical properties of glasses containing cerium. The authors of the report
established that glasses containing cerium exhibit a considerable resistance
toward the effect of ionizing radiation and luminesce under the action of
gamma radiation, X rays, and ultraviolet rays.
Measurements of absorption and work on the luminescence of glasses con-
taining cerium established that both trivalent and tetravalent cerium are
present in. glasses of this type. In borosilicate glasses which have a high
content of B2 03 or R2 0 and in borate glasses all the cerium present is in
the tetravalent state. In phosphate glasses the equilibrium is displaced
toward trivalent cerium... Generally speaking, an increase in the concentra-
tion of basic oxides in t.e glass contributes to a transfer of the cerium
W into the tetravalent state.
The investigation that has been carried out contributes to an under-
stand-ing of the mechanism of the protective effect exerted by cerium in
glasses.
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(itatu Optical Institute) reported on a new method
of glass and of silicates by high-frequency
'U:'r"..nts. fly uc:ing high-frequency currents, one may reach a temperature
r css of 2,000`-', so that extensive possibilities are opened up for
manufacture of high-melting glasses for special purposes. Powerful
ti:irr -1're-.iuency installations for the melting of glass which have been
dd:veloped and constructed make it possible to change within a few minutes,
ati r4_,i.iuirred, frcm an electric to a magnetic field or from a magnetic to
an J.ect.ric field.
K. M. Ycvstrop'yev- presented a paper on different types of glass.
Among new types of oxygen glasses he mentioned aluminum-calcium, antimony,
bismuth, nitrate, carbonate, and sulfate glasses; and among oxygen-free
glasscs, those containing elements of the VI group of the periodic system
(S, Sc, and To), i.e., chalcogenide glasses, and also fluoride glasses
based on Be "r' .
The author of the paper noted that there is a correlation between the
glass-forming properties of elements and their position in the periodic
system. The oxygen-free glasses have a number of special characteristics,
including semiconductor properties and the capacity to transmit infrared
radiation. These properties make them very useful for certain technical
applications.
L. A. Gr.echanik, N. V. Petrovykh, and V. G. Karpechenko (NIIES,
Scientific Research Institute of Electrical Communications) reported on
the results of an investigation dealing with oxide semiconductor glasses
based on V2 05. It was established in the investigation in question that
vanadium glasses are se:,iiconductor's with an electrical conductivity which3
changes depending on the ceanposition of the glass in the range from 10
to 10-12 ohm-1 cm-1. Their electrical conductivity is affected consider-
ably by the temperature and varies in conformity with an exponential law.
Replacement of V2 05 with other oxides results in a lowering of the electric
conductivity.
The physicochemical properties of vanadium glasses were investigated.
It was found that they exhibit a high thermoelectromotive force, the magni-
tude of which varies depending on the composition of the glass from plus
500 to minus 200 -volts. X degrees-'-. On the basis of the properties ex-
hibited by them, vanadium glasses are suitable as material for thermo-
resistances.
A communication by N. V. Solomin, L. A. Grechanik, I. V. Shpakova, and
Ye. A. Faynberg (Scientific Research Institute of Electrical Communications)
dealt with the production of conducting firms on glasses which contain
easily reducible components. The authors of the paper investigated the
physicochemical properties of films which 6orm on bicomponent lead-silicate
glasses and on glasses containing Bi2 03, b2 03, and As 203 after the.glass
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hue buun truated. with hydrogen. By using this method, o ague films were
(.),Aalned whiulh have a specific surface resistance of l07 ohms or higher.
Th'. 1'iimu 1>ruducud in this manner exhibit electrical resistance within an
(::ctcnsivu range of potentials, have a weak thermoelectromotive force, and
show a negative temperature coefficient which lies in the range of 0.3-1%
per 1'-'.
9. S nthesis and Study of Thiophene Derivatives as Rubber Vulcanization
Accelorators and Antioxidants
"The Synthesis of Some Derivatives of Thiophene and the
Study of Their Behavior as Rubber Additives (Accelerators
and Antioxidants)," by L. G. Angert, Ya. L. Gold!f'arb,
G. I. Gorushkina, A. I. Zenchenko, A. S. Kuz'minskiy, and
B. P. Fcdorov; Leningrad, Zhurnal Prikladnoy Khimii, Vol 32,
No 2, Feb 59, pp 1+08-418
A description is given of the preparation and testing, for use as
additives to rubber mixtures of 15 cc;rL-
pounds of the thiophene series con-
taining an azomethine group and having the general formula XC I0SCH NRY,
where X is hydrogen or CH3-, R is either an aliphatic or aromatic radical,
Y is a substituent. Azom':'thines with a 'benzene ring were also synthesized
to compare their behavior as accelerato.s of vulcanization with analogs in
the thiophene series. Besides this, five secondary amines with the compo-
sition C4H3SCH2-NIIR'X, where R' is an aromatic radical and X is a substitut-
ent, were prepared and tested. Finally, 2-mercap-to-4-(2'-thienyl)-thiazole
was studied and 2-(2'-thienyl)-pyrimidazole was synthesized.
The authors report, in connection with the synthesis of several azome-
thines and secondary amines of the thiophene series, that the thiophene
compounds containing a secondary amino group or hydroxy group inhibit
oxidation of crude rubber. The inhibiting action of,these compounds depends,
to a considerable degree, on the nature of the ortho- and pars-substituents
in the benzene ring.
A number of the investigated compounds act as accelerators in the vul-
canization of rubber. The most effective among them appeared to be 2-
mcrcapto-4-(2'-thienyl)-thiazole and di-2-thenylidenethylenediamine.
As vulcanization accelorators, the thenylidene group exhibits a more
effective influence on the properties of compounds than the benzene ring.
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Inorganic Chemistry
1.u. Chloriruntion of 11henium Disulfide
' Chlor:Lnution of Rhenium :Disulfide With Gaseous Chlorine,"
by V. G. Tronev, G. A. Bekhtle, and S. V. Davidyants;
;;talindbad, Trudy Akadeinii Nauk Tadzhikskoy SSR -- Institute
Khimii; Issledovani v Oblasti Khimii Redkikh Metallov i
Solcy (Transactions of the Academy of Sciences Tadzhik SSR
-- Institute of Chemistry; Investigations in the Field of
Rare Metals and Salts), Vcl 84, No 2, Jul 58, pp 105-119
Rhenium occurs chiefly in molybdenum and copper-molybdenum ores. Its
content in these ores varies from thousandths to hundredths of 1% (S. M.
13asitova, dissertation, Moscow, 1950). To enrich rhenium in connection
with the treatment of ores of this type, chemical methods, including
chlorinatiorn,,are applied. The chlorination of rhenium sulfides with gase-
ous chlorine had iot yep; been investigated. For this reason, the work re-
ported in this instance was done.
It was established that as a result of the interaction of rhenium
disulfide with gaseous chlorine, nonvolatile rhenium sulfochloride is
formed, the composition of which is close to ReSC12, and also highly
volatile rhenium pentachloride.
When rhenium trichloride is heated in chlorine, it is relatively
stable up to 4000. As a result of prolonged action of chlorine on rhenium
trichloride at 400-5000, the trichloride is converted completely into rhen-
ium pentachloride. The conversion of rhenium disulfide into rhenium penta-
chloride proceeds ,t.n the following stages:
Re S2 - ReS Cl2 - [Re C141 - Re Cl
5
Rhenium trichloride was prepared for the first time in the course of
the investigation described. Its properties were investigated. It was
established that at 400-500? rhenium pentachloride becomes a chlorinating
reagent which interacts with rhenium sulfide. Rhenium trichloride forms
as a final product of the secondary processes resulting from this interaction.
When rhenium disulfide is chlorinated, the sulfide ion undergoes complex
transformations culminating in the formation of sulfur monochloride. The
sulfur monochloride does not participate in secondary processes and volatil-
izes without change.
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mul'ls'. Which hu: bcozi done, one may conclude that as
C! c prrL,c:.uct,; ('urlnad in the chlorination is
u1c: t:nr.1., u/ t?c> i_ ,:!.c.Ll'.L