1. OIL STONE PLANT AT KIVIOLI, ESTONIA, 2. OIL FIELDS IN OKTYABR IN THE URALS

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R001900890004-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 2
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 5, 2001
• Sequence Number: 4
• Publication Date: October 22, 1948
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2001/03T;
COUNTRY TJS>>R (Fs to*nia.Urals )
Oil Fleldo 4 i"Okt abr in ihe`3UUrA1t34?
REPORT NO.
NTIgL 25X1 A
UA
Y D:31STR. 22
October- 1944
le Oil Stone slant. at Kivioli, 3s'-etonia.
25X1 Am -?-?
}
NO. OF ENCLS.
ti_3srCD BELOW)
25X1A
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
25X1A
25X1A
The director of the plant was a Jew, who . di"ee. eared one day and was replaced,
by a Russian Th.c plant workers were Gelman PWs and Estonians, men and women,.
The Entgniens were loud in their cot 1ad'fzt-s about the Russians, espe ially Since
they were paid only one-third the ovages- nclcr the Russians that they had received
from the Germans. The Estonian male work-ere decreased gradually in number.
Their wives said that their husbands had been taken from their quarters by men
in trucks, resunably to be taken to their work sites, and had subsequently
disappeared. After one year, Only about twenty ,jercent of the original Estonia:
workers' complement remained In? the plant * riot of these were members of the
(k nim list Party. .
DISTRIBUTION LISTING MUST I
This document is hereby regraded to
CONFIDENTIAL in accordance with the
letter o 1r6 'October 1978 from the
Director of Central intelligence to the
Archivist of the United States. 1.i'
Next RevApWQv For Release 2001/03/2 : CIA-RDP81Q
;R~?23E4 ~A &t't3o~ei4ii?1i 25X1X
The Kivioli oil stone plant was built and installed by the Tod.t Organization
;during the German occupation. The machinery is of Siemens, Kabeliverk Ober-
tchoeneweide, etc., manufacture. The plant is cors?)arable in size: to the
'etas plant in Teltow. When the Germans retreated,, they were too pressed to
ct.o more tikan blow up half of the factory. In :lay 19k5, the plant had 800
workers. but the conr)lement increased constantly;- in June 1946, there were
1500 workers. The plant processed a yellow-gold stone which was surface-
mined. The plant4 s nhenist once remarked that the oil from this stone was
of a high grade. Moreover. the stone can be substituted for coal for heating
aurno e . Source saw ten fully loaded rail tank cars leave the -)lant daily.
M -
Gory },x t: For additional information on the orerations and. personnel
of this plant This plant may be identical with the Festi =Ki-rioli
A.U., formerly the Estonian Shale'0i1- Go-, Ltd., the largest sshale.oil pro-,
during plant In N'stonia. This plant wad foundede not during the German occu^
pation, but in 1932. In 1937 the plant had a daily output of 1,200 tons of
shale-oil. The cracking plant had a capacity of up to 10,000 tons of gasoline
a year. )
2. The explosives department manufactured e"xnlosive cartridges for the mining
of the stone. The cartridges weighed 100 grams each. American - Russian. and
German explosives in powdered form r hsed; the. powder was ground before it,
was used in the cartridges.' . '% , .
CIA-RDP82-00457R0019008
UTION IT-1,
 25X1A
Approved For Release 2001/03/22 -CIA-RDP82-O0457R001
k, Because of the shortage of manpower, source was taken to a small distant
factory, which also belonged to. the plant btlt which had suffered heavy.
;ixrxf';e A3. remained there from Mary 1946 to June 1947. Only the machines
v d the boilers were left in this plant. This factory employed 600 workers.
:ere the oil was converted to gasoline. Highest daily production was one
tank car.
M tedsin Oktyp(Okty )
56 In June 1947, the entire area was cleared of German. Phis. transport of
5,000 prisoners-of-war, some of them from Kivioli and Reval, was shipped
to Oktyabrr. 120 km west of Ufa in the Urals. Oktyabr is a small village
!hich grew rapidly. On 15 March 1948, when source left Oktyabr, It already
had 10,000 inhabitants; upon his arrival in Aiprust 1947, it had no more than
19 000. There was no carp; the PWs lived in tents in opera country, later in
"bunkers". These F,,tore 25 malong, 10 my-wide, and 3 ,-high sod dugouts with
fxla..nting roofs made of brush and earth and supported by poles.
6. The oil rigs at Oktyabr were built, at first, of wood; later,some were torn
(town and replaced with iron and steel structures. The rigs operated dey and
_zght. A 'large saw mill on the site supplied the lumber for the drilling
rigs. According to the Russians, all wooden rigs are to be replaced with
iron and steel rigs. It is planned to transform the area into a "second Bake,.
The area between Ufa and Oktyabr is to be the center of this region, the rig
were manned by Russian civilians only. No German PWs and no Russian convicts
worked on them. There were mazty Russian convicts in this region; they were
housed in barracks and were engaged in road and housing construction. There
ere two pipe lines., The second pipe line was completed In the sunvner of 1947.
The pipes, about 10 cm in diameter. are buried at a depth of three.meters and.
covered with earth.
7. Rail connection to Oktyabr has now been established. The spur branches off
from the main line to Ufa and has a length of 1.5 km. The engines are fired
with soap One road has also been completed; it measures 12 in in width.
The construction of the road is quite primitive, consisting of only one
sayer of gravel, oiled and rolled. Oil is in general use for heating and
illumination In the area. It contains much fat and burns extremeir well.
. The 5,000 PWs from Estonia were placed in five came of 1,000 each. The
astonian camp number, 7772, was retained. The camp had mail delivery. There
were daily readings of i'agliche Ru Cdseha and Berlin as Nitta,. There was
no political indoctrination. Monitors were charged solely with maintaining
order and discipline. The PWs who worked in the gravel pits were ;Aid wont
for the first time in January 1948. One shirt of 60 men received one thousand
rubles each. The price of one loaf of bread was 60 rubles. On 15 9arch 1948,
twenty-five percent of the men in sourcete camp were discharged; five percent
were discharged from the other camps.
CO FI-BENiI L
Approved For Release 2001/03/22" J;MDP82-00457 R001900890004-4