SECOND PLENARY SESSION OF THE CHINESE COMMUNIST CENTRAL COMMITTEE

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R002900030006-5
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 4
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 21, 2001
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: June 17, 1949
• Content Type: REPORT

25X1A
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CLASSIFICATION.0SNAtist/XITRol, - U.S. On1CIALS OILY
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
INFORMATION REPORT
China ,eturn to (14 f ibrartfr
Second Plenaey Seeeion of the
Chineee Comraunist Central Committee
DATE OF INFO.
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25X1C
REPORT NO.
CD NO.
25X1A
DATE DISTR. 17 June I
NO. OF PAGES 4
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
The following report is a translation of a report on the Second Plenary
Session of the Chinese Communist (Cc?) Central Committee. The identity
of the author of the document is unknown, as is its date. The form of
the document as it was received in translation has been retained.
2 5 X 1 X
The meeting* lasted over ten days - from 26 February to 8 Larch -
solving many problems. Apart from reviewing the political line
previously adopted by the First Plenary Session, the present meeting
proposed new missions. LI Li-san also attended the meeting. Both he
and WANG Chia-ch'iang (-1- '6) made a self-criticism in a most
thorough manner. Self-criticism was also made by WANG q4)**,
The pre-meeting preparations were excellent. MAO opened the meeting with
a political report lasting three hours. Speeches made by the Central
Committee members were limited to half an hour each? WANG lines self-
critioism took two hours to finish.
Military_2perations:
The meeting reviewed the various theatres of operations covering the
Northeast (Manchuria), Wei lioi***, Tientsin and Peiping. It was pointed
,,emtit that the Kuomintang (:T)' had been basically shaken, but has not
qCompletely collapsed politically and economically. It will collapse
totally, in a political sense, as soon as regions south of the river are
liberated. From thence on it does not matter whether the Peiping pattern
or the Tientsin pattern is to be applied to Nanking, Shanghai, Hankow and
Shensi; the whole thing will be settled quickly. We should strive for the
Peiping pattern, but be prepared to use the Tientsin pattern. While we
know the Peiping pattern will involve a lot of complications, we should
bear in mind that it reduces losses in man power and resources, which will
be greatly beneficial to reconstruction in future. As to Kunming, Sikang
and other border regions, they present a comparatively smaller problem,
and can be dealt with slowly.
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The Liberation 4.022
After the wholesale liberation of China, our armed forces still have a great
role to play - prior to the annihilation of capitalism, they will have to
shoulder the responsibility of defending the homeland and safeguarding peace.
Their standards should therefore be elevated so as to convert them into schools
for training cadres and working units. Our present method of army building is
unique in the whole world. Since the introduction of the "classes army
building" system last winter, our fighting potential has been highly elevated.
The prisoners of war, too, change their ideas very quickly. The application of
the "spitting out of bitter water" method has succeeded in lifting their class
consciousness.
Urban and Rural Problems:
We have now arrived at the phase of putting an end to the policy of encircling
cities with villages, and must start to tackle the problem of using the cities
to lead the villages. In regions south of the Yangtze, seize the cities first
and then use them to lead the rural areas. However, it should be specifically
emphasized that in pursuing this policy we should not forget the villages
altogether. Therefore, from now on, strenuous efforts should be made by our
cadres to study how to administer urban areas and how to resume and develop
production. This is particularly important in those cities occupied by us
through peaceful arrangements, owing to the difficult and complicated
character of opposition in the secret service, political, cultural and
economic fields. Therefore we must intensify study. On whom shall we rely
in our city work? Rely on the working classes, and unite the toiling masses,
patty bourgeoisie, revolutionary intellectuals and the enlightened elements
of the capitalist classes. Thus, MAO said:
"When we reach the cities, the support we have from the bourgeoisie
is not a good thing; what is really good to have is the sincere
expression of gratitude by the toiling masses."
Mission in the South:
Exterminate the reactionary armed forces in both rural and urban areas; build
up local governments and various popular organizations; and above all
eliminate the bandits and bad Characters. In the estimation of the Central
Committee, we should make preparations to introduce the "reduotion of rent and
interest" movement in backward areas in one or two years' time. MeanWhile,
the production level in rural areas must be maintained.
Economic Reconstruction in Cities:
I. The existing industrial economy occupies ten percent of the nation's total.
It is of a progressive nature, and should not therefore be ignored. Otherwise
we commit the mistake of "rightist deviation."
2. Agricultural economy constitutes 90 percent of the nation's total. It
should be guided gradually along the line tow rd cooperative management and
collectivism. However, there is bound to be a long period of backward and
scattered development. To ignore this point means commission of the error of
"leftist deviation."
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25X1A
3. The progressive industrial economy, constituting ten percent, is of a
centralized nature, and is therefore to play the leading role. This is of
a socialistic nature. To ignore this point is tantamount to "rightist
deviation."
4. Private economy occupies a secondary position. We must recognize the
positive character of private capital. Its development, when and if
inimical to the national economy, should be restricted. Methods of
restriction are:
a. To tax in order to prevent excessive profit.
b. To specify the scope of activity.
c. To control market prices.
d. To improve labor conditions.
The above methods should be employed tactfully and skillfuilye i.e.
restrictions must not be too sweeping nor too fixed. They must be so
applied as to be beneficial to the national economy, otherwise they will
constitute a venturesome "leftist deviation."
5. Having 90 percent of scattered, individual and backward economy, AV must
direct it toward a collective basis. To let it flow a natural course is
erroneous. Therefore it is imperative to organize cooperative societies at
the various levels. That is to say we must use individual economy as the
basis; place it under national management, and direct its development
toward collectivism. This is an indispensable course and is of a socialistic
character.
6. Regarding the foreign trade problem, we must not place any reliance on
foreigners economically, otherwise independence is not complete, At preseet
two inconsistencies exist: externally, our inconsistency with the
imperialists; internally, an inconsistency between our working classes and
the oapitalists. To deal with the former, we use controlled trade as our
weapon; to solve the latter problem, we restrict the development of
individual capital. This is the essential basis of our external and
internal policy. To ignore it amounts to committing a serious blunder.
7. We admit our economic legacy is a poor and baokward one, but the Chinese
people are brave and industrious. The establishment of a "People's Republic,
the leadership of the CCP, and the assistance of friendly nations all combine
to insure our suoceseful reconstruction of the country. In the future, we
will start doing business on a barter basis, first with the USSR and the
democratic countries in Eastern Europe, and at a later stage with the
imperialists. Whether the imperialists recognize us or not is a small
matter. We shall certainly succeed in building our country.
Problewm 211211lomacy:
The Chinese Revolution is of an antisimperialistic nature - hence the natural
opposition of the imperialists. We must eradicate thoroughly the imperialists'
domination of China, but must do it methodically. In the first place, we must
secure political domination, then do our best to reduce the imperialists'
domination over our economy and culture, and finally exterminate their
influence.
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25X1A
Problem of New Political Consultative Conference:
Since the rallying call of our Central Committee, the response from the
various democratic parties and cliques has been good. Therefore people have
been continuously flowing into the Liberated Areas. Recent military
development proceeded so smoothly that we found it necessary to postpone and
hold it in Peiping. We have now shifted the capital to Peiping. Wait until
the liberation of Nanking and we shall hold the conference, geanwhile we
should guard against the occurrence of any monkey business. Hold fast to
Our poli, look after the democrats, and show them a good example of
ourselves. From NOW Demopraoy to Socialism. Liberal scope of propaganda
should be permitted to them. Our cooperation with them may stretch from
ten to fifteen years. At least, our preparatory work requires ten years.
Therefore be ready for long-term cooperation with non-Party people.
International Problem:
To fight for our position is a matter of half to one year, but to
consolidate it requires a long period. Therefore the imperialists are
bound to devise every possible method to deal with us. Headed by America,
countries like Great Britain, France and Holland are surrounding and
watching us and trying to sabotage. No self-conceited thought should
exist. The idea of boasting of your merit and seeking individual pleasure
should be discarded forthwith.
* 1111111.9_omment. The Second Plenary Session of the CCP Central Committee
25X1A was held at Shihchiachuang, with 53 members in attendance and LIAO Tse-tung
presiding. it made the momentous decision to shift the center of gravity
of the CCP movement from the rural peasantry to the urban proletariat.
25Xlek 11111111cpmms. WANG ging is also known as CEPEN Shao-yu.
* * *
25X1A
IME_Lonmient. This is probably Weihaiwei.
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