PRODUCTION OF METALLURGICAL EQUIPMENT IN THE SOVIET UNION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R006400590003-8
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 7
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: July 25, 2003
• Sequence Number: 3
• Publication Date: December 22, 1950
• Content Type: REPORT

NO. OF ENCLS.
Approved 'TasiV16b3fI"= C A69 82-00457&W0
I $ aAV ? IJPORT CD NO..
flOI, NTRY 71 ,R
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ACQUIRED
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VSITEO $ LAW. REPRODUCTION OR 151$ PORN 13 PRONhII7l S..
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SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
Present Production of Metallurgical Egu1. pent in the USSR
.:i_:, The "-ost important plants in the USSR producing metallurgical equipment are
U sted hereE_ _j Al? these machine
cnnstt`uction plan t.% with the exception othe z orsk p ant, belong to
the ffli.nistry of Heavy Yl.ehine Construction,
UITM
2,, The UZTM (Ural t-:orks of Heavy Machine Construction imen= Ordzhonikidze
and also called Uralmrash) located in the vicinity of Sverdlovsk is the
:iarast Of the plants in the USSR producing rrietnllur lic .al equipment o
Before World War II, the Ur_il plant was considered to be e-4ual to the
NK Z (Novo Kramatorski Zavod Tyazhelogo Miashinostroyerlia imeni Lenin)
in Kr.--unatorsk in can:icity and identical to it in type of equipment pro
diced . During the war and irmnediately following it, however, the Ural
plant grel' tremendously and consequently its facilities for production
were greatly increased. This plant was trar_sfexTed to the Ministry
of Tank Constriction during the war, and its production, therefore, was
mainly directed to fulfill war needs, Adding to its importance is
the fact that, besides ;eetaliur.ical equipment which used to be
;^r~duced in large quantities by the UITM, the plant devoted a considerable
part of its facilities to produce much mining, refining, and elevator
transport equipment, the UZTM used to produce
complete units of plant equipment, as we as individual. items necessary
for reconstruction, and additional equipment for different concerns in the
following kinds of industry: blast furnace, open hearth furnace, rolling
grill s, and forgin? and press shops.
CLASSIFICATION S
:. 5 I-IUAIV,N
DATE DISTR. 212 DC 50
Production of Metallurgical Equipment in tie Soviet NO. OF PAGES
Union
fiKfMZ
3 The ?KMZ in Kramatorsk is the second,most important of these plants. Unlike
the UITM, the NKMZ, is located on territory which was occupied by the
Germans during the war. A considerable part of the equipment was evacuated; the
rest, together with many buildings of the plant, was either damaged con-
siderably or practically completely destroyed. This darrtage greatly ap:-
fectc:d the production capacity of the NKMZ after the war, In spite of
SATE
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>.n.srgetic attempts to reconstruct the NKMZ completely, it. is still
~ n.siderably behind the UZTM production.
4. basic lines of metallurgical equipment which were produced by the
prior to its evacuation were large mills for hot steel rolling.
J ;xamples of such mills are the slab rolling mills in Zaporozhe, a rail
:gal"_Ling mill in Azov, a continuous rolling mill of the Dzerzhinski plant
Tneprodorzhia sk., and a tin rolling mill of the Moscow plant. After the
trar, the NKMZ was commissioned to do most of the work for the construc-
tion of new Soviet blooming mills which were produced according to the
design of the Central Designing and Planning Bureau of Metallurgical
Machine Construction. Other products manufactured at the NKM:' include the
_following: a large quantity of cranes for the metallurgical. industry,
come structural steel, several Bessemer converters, a large number of
cars for carrying slag, large casting molds, anvil blocks for large
harrmers, and a large number of such supplementary equipment for metallurgical
plants as reducing gears, rolling mill stands, and roll gangs.
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F_ The SKMZ. (Stark Kramatorski Zavod `Pyazhelogo Mashinostroyenia) is the oldest
plant of its type controlled by the Ministry of Heavy Machine Construction.
It was built long before World ''ar I and was evacuated in 1941. 25X1
25X1 -----]after Kramatorsk was reoccupied by Soviet troops, the p .an
was sPee reconstructed. This plant has al-vays lagged behind in pro-
duction even thou ;?h It has a staff of skilled workers and many attempts have
been Trade to modernize it, he plant re- 25X1
ceived several modern type Fetal cutting mills, but re aine sod mills,work-
:tng; in many cases Without individual drivers. Before the. war, the. SKISZ_
used to manufacture equipment for cold rolling mills, and, for mills rolling
hot steel of small and medium dimensions. Furthermore the SKMZ produced
forging steam and pneu:-atic hammers and blast 25X1
Furnace and open hearth furnace equipment, mostly or the me ?allurgica~ .
industry in the southern part of the country. Such equipment included metal
Vrnctures for blast furnaces and their mechanical accessories and cor plete
equipment for open hearth shops. The SKMZ, similar to'the NNW, had a large
dcp:artr:ent handling installation of the produced equipment. If this equip-
ment had to be installed by other personnel, the SKMZ would send its engineers
and mechanics to acquaint other personnel with methods of installation
and operation of the e u m t This presents a considerable part of the
25X1 work of the SKMZ. by 1950 the SKMZ may have attained
the level of production oe , a least in quality if not in quantity.
M'l in Elektrostal
;;., The NKMZ in Elektrostal, which started to operate during the war, is corm
25X1 cidered ourth in importance in the production of metallurgical
equipment. E. s l lant produced live rollers, stapling gables rolling tables,
pushers, and other equipment for new Soviet blooming mills. The plant at
`llektrostal has not and cannot achieve the output capacity of the original
al. -runt in Z~ne Donbas, since it is incomparably smaller than the NKMZ at
?r ,matorsk. Only part of the equipment of the plant in Kramatorslc was
;ovactuated to Elektrostal.
7 Nothing substantial in the way of equipment which was considerably utilized
in the production of the NKMZ in Elektrostal was shipped back to Kramala.orsk
for restoration in the original plant after the war. Lathes and other
equipment were not dismantled in Elektrostaal. Hotwrever, after the war, a
small group of workers and other employees (only a score or two) was trans-
ferred back to Kramatorsk; some technical records were sent back together
with some materials and equipment which were idle at Elektrostal. Among
this equipment, hoi-'ever, there was nothing that could have affected pro-
duction of the NKMZ in Elektrostal.
S. The official name of the Elektrostal plant which has continued to exist, approved
25X1 by all governmental levels, Is Novo-Krarnatorski.
a oc yaz a ogo 7as ninostroyenia imeni Stalina v gorode Elektrostal,
New Kranatorsk Horks of Heavy 'iachi.ns Construction i/n Stalin in the
city of Elektrostal.
25X1 9., from the technical and economic point of view the
location Uthis n of plant at Elektrostal is not logical. In Elektrostal
the nl ant does not have the normal factors favorable to its further growth v.hich
were existent in Kramatorsk and which may exist In some other locations.
Nevertheless, the plant at Elektrostal was growing after the war; new
)bops were built; new equinrient was purchased and installed; the number
of people employed at the plant was constantly increasing. Everything
served to indicate that the authorities attached considerable importance
25X1 to this plant. n the future the nature of production
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o the ?i ant. wi 11 be considerably, if not 141011Y, changed.
NG
t in
lekt
.~_.__ _ __
,Z l.,..m
-
25X1 in the future the
c,ci..shed products for other plants evidently military ordinance) plants
the ro?ion surrmundi ng Voscow. this plant
will itself be converted to military production, owever, ad.01tional
equirmrent will have to be installed in the plant for this purpose. The
z;resent lines of production will May only a secondary role in the future.
100 On the other hand, if this plant continued to produce only the same kinds
o equipment as during the war its existence at Elektrostal would hardly
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i f
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the plant was r-roduc. n ; runs y r e :a ur; ical equ rs~en 4 Even though
this line of manufactured itn;:.s is very valuable, its production in
this r u@on is uneconornical.
a during, the w
l_14 ar.
nif luma
and importance of production ome a ur ; ca e~=uipmen ran{s fifth.
YuZ. (or Yuzh LTTg? )
12, The YuZTM (Yuzhno Uraleld Zavod Tyazhelogo Mashinostroyenia) started to
function during the war, It received a part of its equipment from the
N WIZ in Kramatorsk, equipment which was evacuated to Orak. This plant
produced cranes; for the nee Soviet blooming mills it produced rolling
conveyers. A large construction project has been going on in the region
of Orsk for the last few years- a new metallurgical combine is being
.,et up in this region. The Yv mi is designated to produce r:etallurgical
equipment for this new combine.
..TM
3.3v The Alma Ata Works of Heavy Machine Construction in Alma Ata began to
caste during the i~:ar or shortly after. It produced some roll gangs for
new Soviet bloomin; mills. Both the YuZTM and the AZT14 are modern in every
resort and their location deep in the interior of the Soviet Union makes
t"em Leas vulnerable to enemy attacks in case of war. Although both of
these 3ants were operating at half of their potential capacity in l9'`,5,
25X1 by 1949 or 1950 they should he operating at full.
ca_oaci y an :nez.r production should compare in quality and quantity with the
N!Z.
Red Metallist
14.. The Red Metallist Works in Leningrad produced all of the. lubricating system
installations for new blooming mills.
t?LZ
15,~ The January Uprising plant in Odessa belongs to the group of plants manu-
facturing elevator-transport equipment and series structural steel construc-
25X1 tions. Formerly i.t did not produce metallurgical
equipment, It is p ace zn .s H s as a probable source of cranes,
winches, conveyers, metal construction, and other such equipment for
metallurgical works. Another reason for including it in the list is the
fact that it belongs to the Ministry of Heavy M,-,,chine Construction, which
Is charged with providing metallurgical equipment.
IZTM
16? The Izhorsk Machine Construction Works does not belong to the Ministry of
Heavy Machine Construction. It is included in the list because
25X1 this plant was the chief contractor for the const on o
the first ao et bloomine mill which was built in the e l 0's
In other wards, span has a certain experience in raetallurg ca e u
it is easily adaptable for this line of productions
25X1 it is a large plant belonging; to the War Ministry
17. With the exception of the Izhorsk and January Uprising plants, all other
plants In the list participated in the construction of the new Soviet
blooming mills after the var. One may assume that their line of production
at present is also metall.ur,gi_cal equipment.
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Production of HetallurZical Ec uirme-~l. DDurl. - t e War
18. ?during the fall of 1941, of all the plants listed above only the Uralmash
(Ural Works of Heavy !achine Construction in Sverdlovsk) was in operating
condition. The rest of the plants were either in a state of evacuat:ion
or did not yet exist. Poi-ever, during the war, the Uralmash was trans-
'erred from the ministry of Heavy Machine Construction to the ministry
or Tank Construction. If the Uralmash did continue to manufacture
machinery that was not of military character, such production was not
in large volume. During the roar, however, this plant was greatly enlarged
and this enlargement probably created an opnortunity to continue manu-
facturing metallurgical equipment. ma.nu?? 25X1
frcturing of metallurgical equipment was not completely discontinued during
:he war, particularly because it was necessary to produce metallurgical