1. ECONOMIC AND INDUSTRIAL INFORMATION 2. MISCELLANEOUS INFORMATION

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R010400360009-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 29, 2006
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: February 26, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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RiI2dbRit4N.l~dE$--Ffl>?#t00$01IE~10
NF.TAN REPORT CD NO.
COUNTRY Bulgaria
SUBJECT Economic Fad Industrial Information
'iscellaneous Info;~,_ation
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F ENCLS.
BELOWk
UPPLE REPORT NO.
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THIS DOCUMENT COAITAINS INFORRATOON AFFECTING THE'1ATJOl?A& DEFENSE
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The-3conon,ic_SItuation in Iulearia
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
the Bulgarian econor; c situation may be
authorities,. The latter, hj.ve pone so far as to oblige ,private farmers who
have cows suckling their calves to furnish 15J liters of ,,ilk per cow? A
government decree concerning the obligatcry furnish:inp of agricultural
products to the state, fixes beforehand the a.ourt that rust be turned over,
without t..king into consideration whether, or not the soil is arable, worked,
or fallow,, Thus in the region of lkhovo (and ti'is exan!nle is typical of
the whole country) , the peasants have beer. obliged to give up 150 kilos
of grain aer decree; it was not taken into consideration whether the total
or only a part of the 1~,rd had been sown with *rain.. ~a.ctual'.v, the decree
in question ext'r:snted frcr., the tax products under intensive cultivation
such as cotton, oopoies, eesare, et cetera, and. vineyards; but on the
other hard the oroducer of these ir.tersivety cultivated products is obliged
to gi-re to the state hie entire production, with the difference that in
this case a ninir-um per decree has been fixed; for exarole, 40 kilos of
raw cotton per decareu These iniium ciuctas vary per decare, according
to the product under cultivation..
ch:&ract~ rized as an e.x ,loit:..tior of the -,eople's good, by the Communist
ref;ir..e4 In reality, all agricultural products are corfiscated by the
2n Actually, the Communist Government has adhered to its gen ral fiscal ;pro-.
gram even for land under intensive cultivation, the land being covered by
a general tax on arable lard (548,000 decares for the entire country),
since the government considers that the lard should furnish 150 kilos of
cereals -:.per decree,. ? oreovor, land und,!r intenr=ive cultivation is covered
by a special tax which, in spite of the pretended exenrJtions, is vaintained
as a r-:i1 t=;.x. Tog ther? with the 548,000 dec.arr s, this land crakes a total
of a.erpro?rirately 6'90,000 decares,. 13ecause of this cor~nlic:,tted and subtle
scheme, inst,-d of exacting 150 kilos of cereals vrovided for by law, the
authorities now try to obtain 172 kilos, even though the lard in question
r.ay only be able to produce 80 kilos,, It is obvious that private landowners
cannot adapt themselves to these exigencies,. -:ll this legislation rese,.bles
a type of coi:plicated ?1.sea.l instru, cent of torture,.
DATE DISTR.
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CENTRAL ITT L,LIGENCE ~GFA-CY
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The government promised that every rode )endent farmer who filled his quota
would be assisted, that is, he would be given the seeds needed for sowing,
and cereals for feeding himself, his family, and his cattle
ocr
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,
ese
promises were not kept, -nd. the private landowners were obliged to obtain
the seeds for the;.,selve3, gerorally,'at a kolkhoz for a very high price?
The ~riv,,te 1 cndolerier is oblit?r,id to ourchase g;r.tin in order to fill his
quotaa. The g-overn:nent, continuing its gar e, oro ised the indei>en;3ent farmer
th-it if he joined a kolkhoz he would not )ay loc-;Ll taxes, fines, and other
fiscal obligations, it large number of independent fari,ers, who were redtfced
to oo'v?erte.?, believed the p?overnment iro;-iGos; however, after they had turned
over their farms, crops, and cattle to the kolkhoz, the government ?aublished
a decree according to which fari,.ers who had tore than seven decares could
not benefit from these exemptions.
4, The farr'ers not only did not have their cereals returned to ther, but were
obliged by the authorities of the kolk.:oz to which they belonged to give
up twenty kilogra a of cereal per decAre to the state, and twelve kilograms
of forage for every head of rattle which they had turned over to the. kolkhoz,
Those who were not able to satisfy these requirements were once again
called kulaks and ene;,.ies of the people, and reT""ained without any means
of livelihood, Private farmers, who were not able to furrish the required
quota of cer(3als, were fined and even sentenced to prison for several months
or years. Thus yt Kirilovo, a village of 1,300 inhabitants in the Elkhovo
district, 1,280,000 lava was collected in fines. Ev-,ry peasant in this
village, except the Communists, was punished with fines,
5, There is a scarcity of salt and fuel. or exa-ple, there is the case of
the village of Seltse, district of Balchik, whose inhabitants are obliged
to go to Kavarna in order to ac?.Iuire matches,, There are many strange cases
of this sort; for example, i3alchik is located on the shores of the Black
Sea and one would think, therefore, that the inhabitants could obtain fish
in their own city; instead, however, they are obliged to ,:ake a trip of
more than two kit, .tare to purchase fish fro;,, the fishermen, because in
the city of ialcl;ik fish is not sold. Often, stores in the provinces are
without salt, fuel, and tobacco,
6, The Bulgarian Parliaii.ent has -oassed a l,w irnosing; very severe sanctions
on nine specialists who leave their work without adequate reason,
7. The Stalin. Nitrogen Fertilizer F;,ctory in Dimitrovj,r.jd, as well :~Ls many
mines located in the Rodope ountains, have come under Soviet ranagement
in the form of a Soviet trust directed by Soviet military authorities. The
sate .trust controls the power plants Re)ubliki, "ari.tsa, and Raslog,
Miscellaneous Information
8 The theater at Varna no longer plays anything- but Soviet propaganda works,
In the last two years, only one Bulgarian play has been represented, that
of Vazov, the Bulgarian Victor Hugo, The public attends the theater less
and less frequently, and at performances in Varna no more thar 430 spectators
are present in a theater which holds 650.
9. Twenty-five thousand copies of Stalincs works have been placed on sale in
Bulgaria by the Bulgarian Communist Party press,
10, The death of the former Agrarian Party deputy, Petur Bojinov, has been
announced? Bojinov died in the Belene concentration camp near Svishtov,
11. In certain regions of northern Bulgaria, cases of dysentery have appeared,
particularly in Varna.. This disesse comes from the poor quality of bread
which the public is obliged to consume.
12. The period 1.15-144ay 1951 was devoted to a collection on the behalf of North
Korea,. Until that time, the collections were .,ot made under government
auspices; the recent. collection, however, was sponsored by the g-overmmaent,
13. Lately, many Bulgarians have sought refuge in Yugoslavia because of the
increased Sovietization of the army, the coercive measures taken against
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the peasant"s, and the -Yarf;es inside the Corrnunist Party,. any officers
of the Sliven garrison have been arrested, card others have taken refuge
in the i curtains on the outskirts of the city. These mountains, with
which the author of, this paragraph is well acquainted, are covered by
large forests and .ire seldom frequented, "oreov-ir, the peasants are
allegedly incrbe-;,ing their resistance to the collectivization measures,
deserting the collective farms, and fleeing to the r.muntains from where
they cross the Butg-,rian--Yugoslav border, Alle1;edly, the peasant.-- fear
th_t Bulgaria will beco a a part of the Soviet Union, and indeed ;he
Soviets act as if Bulgaria had already become a part of the USSR,
14? Ivan Nikhailov and Petur Pancheveki have been made colonel-generals, the
highest rank in the Bu1jryrian Arinyy., Mikhail.ov is vice president of the
Council of 'inisters, and Panchevski Is Minister of Defense. Both were
decorated with the Ordor of the Peoples Republic of Bulgaria for services
rendered durine.27 and 25 years respectively in the arnyo The decree
failed to specify which ariy was referred to. "ikhailov and ?anchevski
left Bulgaria in 1923 when they were aoiroxinately 20'years old. They
returned to Bulgaria in 1944 as Soviet Generals.
T~ I Rg
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