AIRCRAFT PLANT NO. 45 IN MOSCOW

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R011000370009-4
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 9
• Document Creation Date: December 14, 2016
• Document Release Date: March 18, 2002
• Sequence Number: 9
• Publication Date: March 14, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

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A ae I ri FORMA71014 REPORT eD NO
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UBJECT Aircraft Plant he- 45 in Illosccw
(iFFICJALS ONLY
PLACE
ACQUIRED
DATE Or.
INFO,
25X1A
january 1.946 t* December 1949
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9-4
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AT DISTR 14 %arch V/52
NO. OF PAGES 4
NO OF ENCLS
f,LLSTED BELOW.
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO
4 pages)
25X1A
.16.11.01SIWAIC
was DocurETcOPITAB53 INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATINNAL DEFENAI-
Or THU VIM IND STATES, WITHIN TIIE MEANIES 09 TITLE IL SEGTICHS 794
AND 7S4, 09' THE U CODE, AS AISENDED? ars nuns[11581014 OR REVEI.
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AS PROMOTED 58 LAW TEE REPRODUCT:011 OF 'THIS FORM IS PROF 151828.
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SOURCE
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THS !S UNEVALUATED INFORW.TION
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1, Alren,7.ft iantEo E5 in Loscow was. called Zavod 45 and was manaced by a
Soviet air force reneral, (1) Affiliated plants were the Tsiam :ircraft
Plant?, also located in thc eastern part of 1oscov,-and avod 156 in :oscar.
Pccording to source., who spent several days at the Tsian Aircraft Plant,
this plant produced jet fighters equipped with Th I type turbines,. :avod
156 was a technical institute of the air force? Soviets ard i-Zs who worked
in or near this plant said that the two 0ig;'nto. models, displayed .at a
1948 air parade. in bscow, were constructed in Zavoc 156, (2)
In l917 aircraft plant Le 45 started producing TR I type turbines. (3)
Fosters recruiting -,oviets to ,;:ork on the construction of the turbines.
were displayed in the plant in mid4947 and ware still seen in late. 19L5 .
The plant also produced .parts for fences and tractor and engine parts,
The foundry was equiprx.d with one coca-firo blast furnace for oig iron -
and an electric furnace for chroo nickel steel, The pi. iron and coal
were Simultaneously charged into the blast furnace, The liquid pig was
poured into containers which were tiansported to the molds. The elecric
furnace hrd three eloctrodus and. Ilac a capacity of 200 to 300 liters,
Accordinr to the nano r.late'this furnace was of Ancrican make, The !ur-
nace was charged with chrome, steel and a flux. material .hich-tiro
plant enrineer personally added from a two-pound paper bag,. 3ource also
observed a castin: process which he enlled centrifugal cast
Schleuder,uss)? but kc was not alile to describe this process. Nachin,s
installed in tLe rain prodLetion Shop durinif late 1948 and early 1,-9
included two or three annealing furnaces; presses from the. rsslincen
1:ueller arm, which arrived in january 1949; and electric hardening furn-
aces which,according to inscriptions on the name plates, came from the
wedich "Asa". Firm (4) This.wor%shop produced various items including
single parts for starter encines and tu- bine bladc and casings,
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CLASSIFICATION OONFIDZNTInlotaATAA 11-1,
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The test stand hsd been 4n operation since mid-1947, workint. day am:'
bu51eing.;-;nd surroUnding area was off limits to
- ? , tve
he tejt;ln ricd was not efinitely determined but. as the noise olvIced
every oi ht to ten hours, it was assufiled that this WAS the period dulin2
which one turbine was bested, In 1947 and 1943 explwions were oco.s,-
sionally heard 'sad the sound of the engines woule then be discontind
for some time
4, L:,hipments of pi4.7 iron ir4ots, steel inLots? sheet metal, rods, coal, coke,
ene timber arrived by rail, Durin( the summer of 191,3, two boxes,
2 x 2 x 3 meters, arrived ,st the plant and wore carefully unloaded )1d
transported in an upright position. The boxes carried tho Eaclish
inscription "Rolls Royce" tad other words which were not r?nembereJ.
It was assumed that the:-e boxes contained two turbines from Inciene. (5)
There was a wide roaL with street car tracks on the east of th plant,
rtfwer ;.as supplied by the runicipal :.:power plant in three !lases of 120
volts -each, The plant was surrounded by a boari.fence Iith barbed wire
;Inc:
guard towers. At nicht, plant p'-lice patrolle6 wit; dors
.,econstruction of the Aar f'rneved plant. becan in ]))45.1-hd the plant was
enlarred by nen construction. Lachine.ry and oquipmen, from the 'Junkers
:it had boon installed since 1946. Defole 191.L th! :)lant produce
Internal combustion aircraft on thea and, until -J94 opelated as an ex-
perlme:ital plant as 'Tell a5 reiTsirihr end overhaili!L; aircraft encines,
From January 194,'; to Lecerher 190, workshop 10 las assicaed to the
experir.ent41 production of. turbines for the JL1.7( 00: type erfines (3)
_nen worker was required to manufacture a turbie p:.,f-t from a si:etdia.
The part had to be complete within a. certain imct o:f ti. e anu was then
checked and sent to tc., yelanc-. Aop wtwre the were assembled.
Source could draw no concLsions as to tLe.suc;ess status of those
experiments, because of this production proces3, ibwever accordinc to
this source, mass productim of turbnes for no (.1man type AnTO 004
enrine was scheduled to start in early 195U, From In advertisement
played in Zorpus'T? callin laborers to work? th! .r.;onstruction Ci te.me
turbines, it was determine that the turbinez were 71ven the design .11
TR I (Turbine reactivneya),
;orkshop To 13. housed met4 shop, e diep drawinL, shop (rof-
zieherei) and the weldinc Tte buildiv:was te1n!.:; equipped wit
conveyor belts throuth. all sections, Thz,.sY?st Metal shop was e?luip7.9d
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0,6NTAAL IELIL1G24Ce. AGLNGT
r.eedrcT sheere eeehence, eirelf cettin: nech!ees,
A re'sIest
press-euttns machines eed 13 preseee, anon,: them, A1WU presses, eccentric
presses z.nd hydraulic deep drawing presses. L:ost of the machinery came
from Junkers and 'redo. In the welding Shop there were modern welding oachines;
most of then of American and Swedish make,, according to the name plates,
Four small special electric welding machines, one large 3wedish speceal
electric weldinr machine, which was 2 meters long, and varioue aluminum
welding machines nnd spot welding machines were observed. (9).
9. -Orkshop No 13 had 690 employees, working in three eight-hour atifts,
There were .200 Soviets, includinr, women, per shift and 30 P7.-s, most of
whom came from the Junkers and Arado Plants.
100 _Aircraft plant No L5 was mainly concerned with experimental work.. Limy
draftsmen worked in a building -which was partially screened by canvas
and curtains. The building also had drafting rooms on the second floor,,
ll About 300 to 4)0 engines wire stored near the scrap dumps. Among these,
the following types were recognized l BIM single and double-row radial
engines an old Soviet in-line engines, Another type of engine, which
was assured to be the Soviet version of an amercrn model was stored in
open boxes,. Tels tyee of encine was equipped with an exhaust turbine with
supercharccr for the cospressor. Lncines of a similar typo were also
stored at the Tsiam 1ant It was assumed that such enrines were produced
at both the Tsiem Plant and Fleet ns ;5. (10).
12. ?he iant nrodeced V-shaped !n-line engints until June 1943, These
engines were repeatedly observed at the test stands. The engines were
ljquid-cooled and had 12 cylinders, six in each line, It was asauned
that they were 7ssviet copies of a German engine, Ther'.oviet enLine had
the :ame power as the German engine but was not as smoothly shaped- (11)
Starting in June 1914:, the plant increased the production of turbines,
the testing of which was heard day art night. These tdrbines were 1.5 to
2 eeters long, 50 am in d'ameter andbad an exhaust, which was 30 to 35 cm
in diamOter, The eight-stage cm pressor was fitted with upright guide
blades and nn exhaust with a controllable cone (Verstellbarem Kegel). Eight
light-metal, rotating wheels were fitted to the shaft and eight other
wheels were fastened into slots of the compressor easing, The number and
shape of turbine imeellers was not known p as this part of the turbine was
enclosed, The compressor easing was marked with three letters, one of
which was the letter "i". (12)
25X1A Coehents,
(1), p ant layout sketch see Annex 1, This
sketch essentially agrees with, and supplements, previous reports. For
plant location sec. references,
(2) The type designation TR I is reported for the first time, The relation
ah beteeen Plant ro L. andthe Tsiarl Plant, as well as Zaveds 156 and 165??
was previously reported,
(3) This statement agrees with a previous report which stated/that the produc-
tion of turbines was begun during the- fall of 1946 and mass production of
these turbines VAS started ia early 1947. 25X1A
(4) German and other foreign eake machine tools have been previously rc orted.
11.(*ever? this is the first dety3led information on this machinery
has been reported,
(5) rEnpover plants were observed in ?lent 1:o 115 during approxieately
the same period,
(6) Far sketch of this ring, see .1.nnex 21 eketch A. This ring maybe a casing
for the fuse connection or, if the reproduction is not quite correct, some
hind of distributor rirg for CO!, preseed air,
(7) Tles eimensions of the etartee, which are reported for the first ti
-JtcetG an engine c.n' about 2,000 rpm and about 1'.2 to 15
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CAiniaL 1hTaL1GiNG6 AG%,INCT
do 7T Mat .vreA
was started in i947
For plant lout see tnnex 2,
This sketch differs considerably from that provided
However, the two sketches -11rree on the location Of some ox
buildinc
Since it is not
-f:,:ttemert b. -fte first source, nnf: with
tAC
plant
nown whether source identlfied the encines by their
name plates, his descriptions, especially of the German enLines? should
he received with reserve.. CTern er4:ine types such as the JUIO 213
and DM wore also fitted with turto supercharers-
The encines are belie-Led to be .1f the type h:'-30 which were
produced until mid- 1947
reportedly
2 Annexes: Sketches.
-- V
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arrit4a, INT1.Gacz iiGrAGY
Lain cote,
2, Administr tion.
3. Apertments,
4, .South gate.
5. Guard house..
6. hailroad connection.
'7, Apartments.
J.,ttachmenr, 5
V, Instrunentsworkshop and precision machine shop. Cauges yen also
constructed in this shod.
9. Laboratory,
0. P-7 camp,
11. Korpus II. Part o this building was used for production an the
rest W413 used for storage.
11a, Four-story administration buildinc.
12 'achine shop equipl::(d v;_th lathes, millinr machines rindiric
machines,
13. Aluminum foundry equipped with several small blast smelting furnaces
14, Chemical laboratory.
15. Test stand for turboje7, engines.
16. 'orpus VIII. This building allegedly housed test stands for cylinder
in-line engineo until mid-1947- After that time building was
vacant,
37. Auxiliary powcr plant cquipped vith turbines and two cool-fired
boilers. This plont was in operation only part of the time,
Turbine asseribl,;. shop,
10a. Force equippeOrita several forginf hammers. Source observed
the production of turbine parts, especially casings in this force,
18b0 Iron and chrome n:Lckel steel foundry,
19. iTaw bulldincs in a forner cemetery.
20. Several small buildings
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CLAT.LW, 1,W!..c.1,11Gr...1,C& **GA:ACT 25X1C
I, Cuard llouses.
Soviets that a prodLction lint: was Leinc constructed 1.0-.:re,
25X1A
..,,v,achnJeki 2
3. Plant manaLenont and draftinr offices
4. Korpus II, 300 x 80 neters ? reconstructed from tar damare b:y I:o.
AS the roof collapsed twice because of faulty constructi:m,the
conpletion o; the builoInc wal., delayed until late 190- The luid-
tnr was still vacant as of Lccember 1900
, Force, 250 x 30 meters, oqui7ped with a drop force an eiLht to ten
hammers, t,c, larrest of wtich "etched five tons,. The force rims
were oil burnint. The buildinr also housed a lathe shop am
harderanL shop used for plant requirements.
6. Sawmdll.
I. Steel warehouse,
.8. Oxycen warehouse, ?
9. Foundry, ervipp(d with one stationary open-hearth furnace wit'?t a
-capacity of 2 tons ,c!r tapoinc? one Anerican electric steel f:ur:.:Iree
of unknown caacity, and several coke-fired cupola furnaces. The
foundry also had tm hand moldinc shops 'and produced -slurs f)r
jigs nld fixtures. The wora-shor, employed- 20 3ovets snd. 20 ;:s per
shift,
10, 7:orkshop TJo 130 250 x 80 netcrs.
11. rWler house.
12.. Dispensary.
13. New bu1ldinr4 20 x 20 raters, without egument. It was learned
from Soviet laborers that this buildinr mo to house the bronze
foundry.
14. rew bui1dinr0 150 x 30 meters
15. Lathe shop, off iiiits to I source observi_d tLc follovi/V eluir,-
ment: American automatic lathes 0 -wedish z.nc German lathes, -Ind r_
larce verticrl torinr and turninc mill for turbine parts.
16. Ton to fifteen roofed test stancs coverinr r.n area of about 150 N
50
:eters, usce to test en;:ino::, which rv..re overhauled at ihe
camp.
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