ORDZHONIKIDZE URAL PLANT FOR THE CONSTRUCTION OF HEAVY MACHINERY IN SVERDLOVSK

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R012300060010-2
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: C
• Document Page Count: 39
• Document Creation Date: December 19, 2016
• Document Release Date: October 10, 2002
• Sequence Number: 10
• Publication Date: July 2, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

CC-i -00457R& `OM1
Approved For ARM e
"O MAT1ON RE fl1 CD No.
25X1 SUBJECT
v
2 July 1952
O. OF PAGES
NO. OF ENCLS. 22 (15-22e)
(LISTED B=_iOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
1. The Ordzhonikidze Ural l.-I.-ant the Conlstructi.on of He-ivy
P:achinery v;'. th the Russian designation LTSTII in. Ordzhoniki_-7 e
(zJralski Gavod Tyazholo-;o I1asb4nostroeniya im. 0r..rzhonikid&;),
alsg called the Uralaasfl' plant, was located in Sverltlovsk
(56 501 N/60?401 L) , 4 to 5 km rortri of the '- czvn center. It h.?: d
several spur tracks to the main railroad system. The plant z,lso
had a streetcar connection. I.Iost of the employees were hflu.sc'd
in the plant settlement built near the plant. *
2.
ICULATE
the construct'c-n crf the plant started in
l92 411 important departments were in operate on by late 1;32.
The plant was not cc,mpleted until late 1937. The total annual
product .i.on was scheduled to be 100,000 tons. This rroducti en
to be as follows: 70,000 tons of equipment for the metallurgical
yl~ints of the iron industry, 'r_^lud-.ng complete blast furnace
installat'runs ca able of rroducin,r more than 1,000 tons of rig
iron daily, cumrlete cpen hearth rlant installations rlith furnaces
of 150 tons capacity peat and coal gas rroducer in:~tallat'ons,
and conrlete standard equipment for all kinds of rolling trills;
5,000 tons of equipment for metallurni_cal plants of the nonferrous
metal industry, inclining converters, rater-jacketed furnacos,
accessories for reverberatory t`?irnaces aril roasting furnaces
and wiro rolling mills- 17,000 tons of equipment "or mines and
concentration installations, tr l ud n large crushing rmPchirc~C,
ore and coal -ills ith a carac-;ty. of 1,0061 tons pe hour, heavy
lifting and conveyin? ma'h.inery for mines and potash pL.4nts;
5,000 tons of for ring an-1 pressing ma-ihines, including stear~i
hammers weighing up to 5 tons, heavy rresses shears, and hydraulic
presses; 3,000 tons of spare parts for the =wove ment,ione:l
equipment. Depending on the type of incoming orders, the forge vas
to rro_'.uce an a(lr1it?'onal 30,000 tons per year of forging. for
other plants. according to available in.form?a.tion a srkal ar.oount
of AA guts, guns of various calibers, )egtyarev-tyre machine- 25X1
guns, :and shells v.'ere produced as-early as 1934. Thethrc c t-A min
25X1 f 19 41, tai plant .as equ.irred rith some machinery from 1~l r?.t
Documant.
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Glass. Changed To: Ti
Auth.: HR TI?-2
,Date: A41 By: 25X1 1 Par ase 2006/08/08 : CIA-RDP82-00457
USSR (Sverdlov ??
O.rd'honiki1.07e M-!
of iicavy .:achine.!...
DATE DISTR.
,Fer( 1ovalk
TN18 OOCOV8 ? CONTAINS IYPOSUATJOV A-PECTINfTH[ ATtONAL D[P[NST
OP THE OS21T[O STATES O)THIH TN1 ^[A161E6 OP TSE [SPIONSSE ACT SF
V. S, C.,. A& ANO U. AS AUENO[D, ITS TRAt9?ISS*ON O1 TIM R[9[LATION
OP 1T8 CONT[tlTS IN ANT UAtflWA TO AN UFIAUTT 0111[1 V9RSON 10 PRO'
8181T90 5? LAW. RCP1DDtlCTION OF 7818 POLY IS PROHIIIT[d.
RgDEtI TD RECGRD RT[
W1 ILLEGIB
 ILLEGIB Approved For Release 2006/08/08 : CIA-RDP82-00457RO12300060010-2
Approved For Release 2006/08/08 : CIA-RDP82-00457RO12300060010-2
 The annual production of the plant, originally scheduled at
100,000 tons of,_finished products and 3P,000 tons of forgin I s
for otter plants, was already exceeded during the 4war, when
the. capacity .~a$ ex panded by the construction. of new .,rorkshops.
According to availa le in `ormat 4on, `t!4 monthly pr`odu.cticon
in 1944 and 194 was 530 c 6d.ium tan'rs and SP guns which would
corresf?ond to an annual roduet'lon or 1'92. 000 tons. .,tor deduci:in'
12,OuO tr,ns for engines delivered from outside the annual product on
would rrloun tP ap..roxirYii yy 1u'J _.;0 i tcnsp a qrd?_ng to Soviet
press ?epor s. the 1947 eapac3ity -o ` the `rlant was twice-the 1940
capacity, but was only 120 percent of the 1946 capacit. These
figures reflect the considerable wartime expansion of the plant.
In 1942, the capacity was-three-times the prewar level. This
estimate probably includes all new v'orkshops. in 194;:;, the
capacity, of the .plant increased to 3.5 times the irrewar level.
The plant - therefore should have an annual capacity of 350,000
tons of f.nshe. products 'T'hese caprcity figures,, of course,
do nre fed to the heaacuuaproduct on. lcc ?r it ^ to Soviet press
ports 95 ` prodiv't' on of the plant in 1950 and'
the fo lot"alz g years was to be incr eased by irprovement of
production metrnods Without the construc_,-i nn of ids itional new
workshops. ~`nde ? the reorganization prrogram, 4,000 square meters
of the plant area were cleared for the installation of diliti_onal
workshop equipment. According to the norm of~ the rplar:t, the arse
of thi.p acid tiop"}a1 ognipm t, in a 'machine shop for instance,
Would e,-in, an annua], capaC t r ccr eado cif about. IO,t tj0 tons. The
roduc,~ti'n wzs also increases 20 r rcent from early 1.950 to late
1950 b% the degrease in the number of mechanical faii lures, tivlhich
were s i.?`3 u percent in early 191,J . 1k great number of
irnmprovements Were introduced in sore o" ther_roduotion,r.:?ethods,
result ng in cop si.der bl,e production increases The use of
three-phase arc welding equipment doubled production an.,? resulted
in a sav"in of 30 Percent in the use of electricity. The reriiod
of operati.n>' the steel furnaces bet.leer repairs could he extended
considerably ind the, numb'. of daily tar-pings could be increased.
The cutting tools, specially for processing worm sections
(Schnecken rofilen), were improved, thereby doubling or even
ee~.~,Other 2rhprovementsreduced the time tr
tr ilip pplth t e cuttinn s _e
s
inthe .rl ue o ,.
i
p
q p o of spindle heads from 1 138 hours to
400 hors and i , the rroduct1 n of rolling trains (Rollgang-Vialzen)
from hot~rs i; o 56, l -,urq, HovrcVe;r, these efforts have not yet
produced notable results. ;.sccordin, to kc.oviet Dress reports,
improvements introduced n . the i n ha f of 1951 vrere ..scheduled
to Savo 109,000 '~to l20,00(. ;man Y ours T is would orreaTond to the.
annual pro uctive capacity of only 4y workers of a total of 30,000
crorker employed in the plant
. there iss still a considerable
discrepancy between the capacity and the actual production. Soviet
Press aeg opt ) io t3 of 1550 and 19x1 c ?iticized the '"ru; hwor4 "
re
pts n the Ur,-3lmash plant. For instance in Larch 1950,
24.6 percent of the monthly quota vas produced betvieen I to 10
ILarch; 13.4 percent between 11 to 20 Parch, and 62 percent between
21 to 31 march. The mont}1y targets could only be reached by
norms
er~ae " production at the eir( o tie month' I
low ccr were_
parl h the actual capacity of the plant. In :arch 1950,.
however, the schedule for the constructir.,n of rolling rrA11
installations wzj only --3.-,9 percent fulfilled r.:i the schedule for
the production. of spare parts vwas only 86.4 percent fulfilled.
The eivili-?n requirements production was irztensi"ied in 1, 4'# 0
~~ccord'ng to soviet rress reports, the 947 production included
100 electric i-3-type excavators on caterpillar trucks., The
excavators weigtled 165 tons and the volume of the scoop was
 Approve ar~~fiteleas 996/08 81: CI~4 4z 7 DP82-00 578012300060010-2
3 cubic r:ieters . They co:.iLd load. i_rJ `or?t~r-ton r -ri' ro`ti c ,rs i ri
: 6 r^inut-s. In the follo,.'ing yr'=i s the r lant rro I r -il_
roll in.- ` -i jn7 1^ OQO toni or the ne`;' l ron' eri;~, n
1'iczl 1,ni Tagil fOciC)',t/t,.,65 ); :-ouQli ng gill .'0i- h'n-
uOC; t, ns; i bilt~'t rill; a a t it r oLi rg r;il_ 1, rill r~M?. ity
for the is ,rl i ichh_necht p1. tr.t in orierroY'etrovs': (,r.1o'''; ' 7/3'tl Z )
a 1 i- it, augo cht: of rolling, mill, nl_legedly for the 4ap.)ro2~i:;tal
plant in .aporozhe (47?49':!/35?1.. 1E)1 a tube gill, zlle wily
for the new ironworks in .1ustavi (42 17' 1;/43?1'11L); a blooming
mill; mold vibrator tab1:~s (For m,~i1-::chrzetteltische:) grit a carrying
capacity or 46 tons; ef+..ii.prient >r blast furnaces; agglomerating
in.tallations: 'crusizin, plants; cer:!ent kilns; s nce Jung i95
"Uralmash-2" tyrpe oil drilling erauiprrent ti.T^i^fiir;r l7C tons r`;tlr
a drill length of 30 ,':titers a' d a capacity throe tir,,es that
of the o 1 d'9. type: oil pumps; 1 a r 2'~ c: 1'LS n (*kskavator Shagafqua tchiy)
-4/40-type e:., atoi-s chrei.tb or) weigii: n 15 tons t 1 t i ,it
nrr length of '.0 rr:ters .and a ca>>acity of A cubif? r,cter?;
.i..Sh-10/75-type o::c'avators r:ci-iir:g 1 15C; tons with an ir?;
length oqf r75 net ore and a caracit,y of 1v cubic rotor s; -n;l
L,Sh 1.4/E,r- yp e e.ccavators i?we 7hir ; l S150 tons : itll an aJ~r~r 1 e Gnr l7
of 6 5 meters irz a capacity of l' cubic r,eters. to excavator t.:itch
a capacity of 1. cubic meters : as desi,,ned in lc)'1. Special
machines were a.c:;o produced, includin large i lanAn ; bench and
steel coils (5ta1h11sriralen) for : uction' dredg es. The coals
'v oigheci 6C tor,-;,
Informat on or, the armament production of the liralmaszr l?lan um
to late 1949 s available. .1 new model of a T-34/-!5 tam: ':aa
built in this plant. since the second half of 1943, , .. /322-~x s:
to:nh:s have also been manufactured and S1 guns, presumably a
new model of the :!artirie SU-lU .-9.yp;c t;un is:ere later pro iuceri. The
gun production a:-so inc-luiled 76.2-rim, 35-mm, 122-run. and 15,,-1-rim
AAA. 41Tr;l, infantry and t-nk guns. Fostwar nroduction of rriac.hiine ryurts
and amunitt Dn i.,Jas not Dhserve i. The production of tin':-.-, and S1'
guns continued :at the ?,.iartinie rate dur'ng 194; and i!as reduced
for, the fret time in 1946 from about 560 units to about 150 units
per month. the entire remaining
production of t rr. s and S: -uns 1,.ts transferred) t! t ;^ ~nrt;r 'rn
section of t~,.,. slant i.il r;id-1 47; }ncl y reduction to 14U
units nonthl / in late 1947. The i:cint:tly production was incr asc-.d
to 120 unite, in 194, when new models of tarn' s and SP guns were
rod:uced avid 1 50 un t t were produced .in 1 ~4 . It is e inza :ed
that 20 to ry5 nrcent of this rrci(-?uct?_-)n 7s Si F',uns. T inlzs '')ere
repaired rid o ,'. t=ins s ;,,ere refitted on .a large scale, especially
in 1947 -',rd 194), In 1,4" the production equalled the tank
and SP g?.,n product ion, { . e a 150 t o i is monthly. t.fter a t erirorary
decline in 1947 3 the ?trn production increased again L n !.c14 -'j and
1.04; .apt reach ect a i:?Ontaly output of 200 units in lata 194;?_ The
r,ercentago rroduced by Gun Factory) in Sverdlovsk cannot; be 25X1
aeterr.ined; up to 40 '.g, together with the molding shop,
covered an area of 1, 0 s^u.are r-.reterA 'loci produced more than
1.5 tons per square meter of working space, the foundry for rnec.i-;r?,
castings weighing up to 2,000 kg had a total area of 2,^30 square
meters and produced 4 tons per sryuare rieter, .--tnd the f,cund?ry for
large castings had a total area of 4,500 square r .eters and
produced 4 tons per sonare rr.eter., =issEU:ink; 15 tappings for the
cupola furnaces in 24 hours and 30) forking days per year, the
annual capacity of the -ray iron foundry would be l46,CLr0 tons
of rolten iron or 0,000 tons of f nished castings f ccorrlin o
f r.evioiis i. forrr;at'on, there were o ity fou1? cupola fuu?ri.acc -, i i:a ozd of
seven., anon the foundry had a capacity of l4'; ,0U0 tons of Molten
iron, Two of these furnacees, ,ithi breast parrs (Vorirord), had an
hourly capacity of 20 torn each ?inl the other two, it--out breast
pans, had an hourly capacity of 1.0 tens each. It twias also stated
that either two 10-ton furnaces or one 20-ton furnace wore
simultaneously in operation. Accor lin; to available records, the
nonferrous metal foundry was loc-ttad in the gray iron foundry
departm:rfnt,, Tate nonferrous metal f )unclry was equi: rod with a
"Liechta-type" furnace an.1 produced 525 tons of molten copper or
260 tons of finished copper eastin s per ;;!ears Two crucible furnaces
wore reported but no proiuction f'ir;ures were given.. The crane
Installations consisted of one hand driven traveling crane of
500 leg, and 6 electric traveling cranes of 5, 15, 25, 35, r0 and
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 Approved For Release .2006/08108 : CIA-RDP82-0057R012300060010-2
C.::PiftI _;i IA
75 tons respectively. the iron %n:' nonferrous
metal foundry ''ier e ca ed Depart-rent 34.. The moldin'; shore, 11-he
dryira~ shop for molds and the f~,undry cleaning shop were
reportedly in tie s?ime building. 'roduct on figures u~re not
knorin.
25X1
17.. Machine chop. iiccorl:in; to the original p1nn, this u s to be
a pattern .arehousc. it gins a three story structure consisting;
of three longitudinal sections.. The building Boas 101;) meters i6ng,
the sections ?: lore 3 end "3?4 meter: v.'ide? Iioav3? patterns -,?o-e
stored on the first floor and ri diuri ,nd. smnlI patterns on the
upper floors, burin; the rtar this shop vv.-is equipped to r^rodace
gear boxes trade of cast aluminun.. The machines set up on the
second floor included 4 vertical r-All ing rn.zchines, I boriri
machine, 1 long p -nine ranch i ne t :anghab lmssc htne7 , 1 radial
drilling nnchine, ?ind 1-? tubs for thermil treatr.?ont. The
fitting shop. ~: a s on the thir-' f +_oor, Gear boxes m de of ,^ast
aluminuri ~-,ore processed and then given thorn l treri.tmen M live
boring mills 'Ind six drill in ri,nchines we s c ule1 to be adrIcd.
13., Pattern-iiakin?r sere},-. It consisted of three longitudinal ,t,?r ir.rls,
The micldlo sect : +or: -;--is 5 meters Uieke, ;rid the t-o side sect :.Fins
were each 10 rotors t.ride. According to the original building plan,
46 machine tools ti?c~+e set up nenr tine entrance of the !iidIdl.e
section. Patterns, etors long 4nd .neighing 3 tons were
produced in the centr)1 part of tie r:;idc11e section. Thee -assembly
wort: a-,:as clone at tt,c back of the A1111- section, Small rind
medium ratterns acre produced in the side sections. ThLL, bt..ldin;
was shown the ' , i r ;a plan as being tie warehow P ~' " ..:4+e- ;~
materials. as a pattern lrik_;.ng
shop ..in.d as a 1.75FT77-7
19. Pattern-making r.irvp. ` he jp