GRAIN SOVKHOZ IMENI KALININ NEAR SIMFEROPOL

• Document Type: CREST
• Collection: General CIA Records
• Document Number (FOIA) /ESDN (CREST): CIA-RDP82-00457R014200360006-3
• Release Decision: RIPPUB
• Original Classification: S
• Document Page Count: 3
• Document Creation Date: December 20, 2016
• Sequence Number: 6
• Publication Date: October 9, 1952
• Content Type: REPORT

Approved For Release 2007/02/23: CIA-RDP82-00457RO14200360006-3
FEB i952
CENTRAL INTELLIGENCE AGENCY
CLASSIFICATION SECRIT
SECURITY INFORMATION
INFORMATION REPORT
COUNTRY USSR (Crimea Oblast)
SUBJECT Grain Sovkhoz imeni Kalinin near Simferopol
THIS DOCUMENT CONTAINS INFORMATION AFFECTING THE NATIONAL DEFENSE
OF THE UNITED STATES, WITHIN THE MEANING 01= TITLE.18, SECTIONS 793
AND 794, OF THE U.S. CODE, AS AMENDED. ITS TRANSMISSION OR REVE-
LATION OF ITS CONTENTS TO OR RECEIPT BY AN UNAUTHORIZED PERSON IS
PROHIBITED BY LAW. THE REPRODUCTION OF THIS FORM 15 PROHIBITED.
DATE DISTR. 9 Oct. 1952
NO. OF PAGES
NO. OF ENCLS.
(LISTED BELOW)
SUPPLEMENT TO
REPORT NO.
25X1
THIS IS UNEVALUATED INFORMATION
NAVY
STATE NSRB DISTRIBUTION
AIR
LARMY FBI
1. The Sovkhoz imeni Kalinin, located about 40 km north of Simferopol in the Crimea,
is a state grain farm. Its size, about 1O,000 hectares, is about the average for
a grain sovkhoz. Previously,, this area, as is true for all of the Crimea, was
inhabited by national minorities, mostly Tatars, and foreigners who had settled
there. In 1911 , however, they were all moved into the interior of the USSR and
replaced by Russians from the central parts of the European USSR.'
2. A sovkhoz is headed by a director (director) instead of a chairman (predsedatel').,
as is the case in kolkhozy. Th1s'difference in title is quite marked,as exemplified
by the fact that, should a director of a sovkhoz be a poor manager, he is
deprecatingly referred to as a redsedatel. The director,, who is invariably a
Party member, is selected by the Crimea Oblast Trust for Grain Sovkhozy and serves
as long as his work is satisfactory. Assisting the director in managing the
sovkhoz were a deputy, a chief agronomist, an accountant, several mechanics, and
about 15 to 18 other people. The so vkhoz was divided into eight sections for
administrative purposes,and each section was headed by a chief (upravlyayushchiy)
and about five or six other helpers including a bookkeeper, an agronomist, a time
clerk, a storage clerk, and a brigadier. All the above people., including his own
staff and the staffs of the eight sections., were selected by the director with no
interference by the Oblast Trust for Grain Sovkhozy.
Approved For Release 2007/02/23: CIA-RDP82-00457R014200360006-3
 Approved For Release 2007/02/23: CIA-RDP82-00457RO14200360006-3
,.. E`T'/ 8EC JRITY INFORMATION
A Party organizer (partlvnyy organizator - Partorg) was assigned to
the sovkhoz by the Rayon Party Committee to check on the efficiency
with which the sovkhoz was run, Although the Partorg could not
remove the director from his poet he was in a position to recommend
disciplinary action; it therefore behooved the director to maintain
friendly relations with him. A - union (Profsoyuz) also existed and
about half of the members of the sovkho-.z belonged to it. The head
of the union, called Ra.bochkom ( ,reds(o=d.atel rabochego komiteta
chairman of the workers' committee, was elected each year by
members of the un.t_on N !l ther the Rahochkom nor the union had much
say in administering the sovkhoz.
4. Each of the sovkhoz's eight sections was divided into seven 25X1 for purposes of crop rotation
_ y 110000 ec eras
o: a soy. oz s . an weto used fo?.' winter wheat and shout 13J,000
hectares were used for other grains. Winter wheat was the principal
crop raised on. the scvk.oz. Some spring wheat was also raised but
considerably less than winter wheat. Among the other crops raised
were rye and oats and lesser amounts of barley, corn e r r
fodder, and sunflower;
25X1 1 -11 The vie per hectare
about _ cen .ners (IOZ7rciloarams per ner) for winter
25X1 wheat, About one-
quaarte .ge was perm. , e to lie fallow
or was planted with various grasses. Each of the sovkhoz's eight
sections had an agronomist. but their advice was not taken very
seriously by the sovkhoz workers, who preferred to rely on their
25X1 own experience and intuition. Most of the el Rht sections had some
25X1 cattle and sheep but only ore section had fowl.,
aeriverea to ea State ~}nrme wa - retained for seed and, if there
was not sufficient seed for any x a,rti cular year, the Government
supplied whatever was 'e.eaerl.ee3. Combine and tractor operators received
the uu ?1 7 as tys ftu lafilled the plan set for it,
Practically all the grain was
about Pour centners each whether or not the plan was fulfilled, but
they were the on:i_;v ones to receive grain from among the sovkhoz
workers. After the plan hss been. fulfilled, however, the director
may receive permission from the Trust to sell, some grain to sovkhoz
workers at a nominal, price,' The inspection
commission from the Trust =at 1.arves time,
arrived to
hasten the harvesting.
6. The sovkhoz had from 1,000 to 1,900 people working during the year
25X1
25X1
and this number was increased to onwards of 2,000 during harvest time,
when use was made? of emery available person. Most of the workers
labored in the fields. There were from 100-1rO tractor operators,
about 70 combine operators. approximate]. 50 workers In the repair
shop, about 20 truck drivers, some clerks in the sovkhoz store, a
number of watchmen, and some warehouse workers; Unlike the kolkhoz,
payment for work: on a sovkhoz i . ade In money Instead of a"el" U 25X1
25X1
per month, the combine operators earned the most money, from seven to
nine thousand rubles a year. Tractor operators were the next best
paid, receiving approximately 7.0OO) rubles a year. As mentioned above,
each combine and tractor operator also received about four centners
of grain. The rest of the sovkhn.workers earned from 2,006 to 4,000
rubles annually. Sovkhoz workers were assured of receiving money
regardless of the harvest.
every type or work. 25X1
rates are a erm.nea by the
amount of work one,, eg, a fixed amount of money for plowing a. certain
area of land, a fixed amount of money for. loading a certain weight of
grain, etc. Next to the sovkhoz director, who received about QOO rubles
Approved For Release 2007/02/23: CIA-RDP82-00457RO14200360006-3
 Approved For Release 2007/02/23: CIA-RDP82-00457R014200360006-3
SECRET/SECURITY INFORMATION
Tractors: About 50 prewar among them: a Kharkov
wheeled tractor; a Sta:D..I.ngrad treaded tractor; Universal I and
II wheeled tractors: three heavy Stalinets (S-60) tractors
operated on gasoline a which were manufactured in Chelyabinsk;
eight heavy Stalinets (3-65) Diesel tractors, manufactured in
Chelyabinsk, one for each of the sovkhoz is eight sections. In
1949, several new sT"Z tractors, manufactured ' in Stal ,
arrived
7. The sovkhoz had its own tractors and combines and therefore did, not
have to rely on the services of Practically all the equipment
25X1 was pre?D but in 1949 some new equipment had
arrived and more was expected, The tractors, operated fairly well
during the summer and were overhauled and repaired during the winter.
The combines frequently broke down, necessitating repair either it
the field or in the repair shop and causing rather frequent delayo
in the work. Split sleeve bearings always became loose and had to
be tightened every day. Spare parts of every kind were always in 25X1
short supply, but for a while were obtainable from wreekages 'of tanks
25X1 left from the war. F-lau- these wrecked tanks by the Government,
8. In 1949, the sovkhoz had the following