JPRS ID: 8210 TRANSLATIONS ON USSR SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY

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9 JANUARY i9T9 (FOUO 2l79~ -i OF i
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r~K orr~c~N~ us~ uN~Y
,~RS L/saio
9 January 1979
r
TRANSLATIONS ON USSR SCIENCE A~iD TECHNOLOGY
- PHYSICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY
CFOUO 2/79)
~
U. S= JOlNT PUBLlCATIO~NS RESEARCH SERV~CE
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4~ t ii i� ,~w ~ul~~ ii S, licphrt atr
'CW~NSLA'CIONS ON US5k SCI~NC~ ANU 'C~CNNOLOCY - YHY5ICAL 9 Janua 1979
SCr~NCE5 AND TECNNULOCY, (FOUO 2/79 ) e.
7, Autl~~~r(.1 8~ pcrformine Organization Rrpt. -
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TlII.C FURM MAY PH RF:PRODUCED v~co~M-ot 1~P7~�P7~
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~ JPRS L/82].0
9 January Z979
TRANSLATIONS ON USSR SCIENCE AND TECNNOLOGY ~
. PNYSICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGY ~ ~
(FOUO 2/79)
CONTENTS PAGE
ELECTRONICS AND ELECTRICAL ENGINEERING
BimeCallic Circular Waveguidea for Radio Relay Line Routes
(Yu. M. Isayenko, et al.; ELEKTROSVYAZ', Sep 78) 1 ~
GEOPHYSICS, ASTRONOMY AND SPACE
Studying the Bottom of Lake Baykal by Uaing Submersibles
(A.S. Mo~in, Ye. G. Mirlin; PRIRODA, No 10, 1978) 15
PUBLICATIONS
Development of Program Software for a Sect~ral AutomatPd Control ~
Syatem
(O.V. Golovanov, V.V. Shkarupa; RAZRABOTKA PROGRAA4INOG0
OBESPECHENIYA OTRASLEVOY ASU, 19J8~ 33
Protecting Communications Facilities FroQ~ Hazardous and Ynter-
fering Effects
(Mikhail Ivenovich Mikhaylov, et al.; 2ASHCHITA SOORUZHENIY
SVYAZI OT OPASNYKH I MESHAYUSHCHIKH VLIYANIY, 1978) 41
Verbal Communication in Artificial Atmospheres
(Boris Ivanovich Petlenko, Leonid Sergeyevich Butyrskiy;
RECHEVAYA SVYAZ' V ISKUSSTVENNYKH ATMOSFERAKH, 1978) 44 "
Optical Communications Waveguides
(I.I. Teumin; VOLNOVODY OPTICHESKOY SVYAZI, 1978) 46
Tests (Theory, Design and Application)
(Nikolay Andreyevich Solov'yev; TESTY, 1978) 49
-a- [III-USSR-23S &TFOUOj
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. ~:L~CTltONICS AND EL~CTEtYCAL ~NGIN~EttING
UDC 621.372.823
BIMETALLIC CIRCUI~AR WAVEGUIUES FOit RADIO RLL,AY LINE ROUT~S
Moecow ELEKTROSVYAZ' in Rusaian No 9, Sep 78 pp 34-G2
[Article by Yu. M. Isayenko, V. V. Malin, an~3 A. P. Kokonin, submi.tCed 3
Apr 1978]
[TextJ Introduction. The growth of Che car:rying capaci~y nf radio relay
communicaCion eyaCems imposea heavier and he~3vier demanda upon ehe quality
of Che waveguide plumbing.
In principle, it is possible to aeparate ehe vertical and horizonCal parts
in the plumbing. The verCical part is charaeterized by its conaiderable
length (up to 120 a~) and recCilinearity; thn horizontal part ie rNlatively
ahort (up ~:0 20 m) and, as a rule, has sever~l elbows. Therefore, waveguide9
uaed in the vertical part musC have suf�iciently low linear ohmic losses.
It is no;~ necessary to bend waveguides (wieh the exception of the case of
a special elbow). The waveguides of the horizontal part may have higher lin-
ear ohmic losaes, but must toleratp sharp bends. Due to this, it is p~tacCi- ~
cal to use rigid circular wavegdides in Che vertical parC of the plumbing,
and flexible elliptical wr.veguidea in Che horizontal parC.
Ohmic losses in a circular waveguide working on a fundamettCal wave H11 can
~ be reduced by increasing its diameter. Howe~er, in thia case, i~~ a real
waveguide having random discontinuitiea Che ~xcitaCion of parasitic waves
growth and the parallel flow increasea. As a reault, the tot~l (fluctuation
and transition) noiae caused by the waveguide plumbing could even increase
for waveguides with enlarged diametera. The exiating copper circular wave-
guidea (CW) 70 r~ in diameter have inaufficiently high electrodynamic param-
etere and do not make it posaible to realize a waveguide plumbing with a high
capa~ity due tio the low precision of the inn~r channel of the waveguide. In
this con,~tecCion, it became necessary to develop new waveguides with consider-
ably higher parameters than those of copper waveguides.
Individual problems of the development of new bimetallic waveguides (BMW)
are dtscuased in [1,2]. This article gives the results of a complex study
of bimetallic waveguides and their geometric and electrodyn~mic parameters. ~
1
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~ox o~~zct~r, us~ ornY
Design FeaCuree. The bimetallin waveguide secCi.nn is a ate~l carrier pipe
wirh a Chin layer of copper 0�~ mm Chi.ck platc~d an i.ts inner aurface. The j
copper la~er and Che steel suF~ciGrate gre connecred permanenely. ~he inner
diameCer of Che BMW is 70� 0.05 mm, t',ae thicknesa of Che waveguide wall is ~
4 mm, and the lengCh of Che aection is 5 m. The outer sur�acea of the enda
� of the sectiona have fitCing banda and c:r~ular grooves machined on a tiurn- ~
ing l~the (Figure 1). In ~rder Co ensure anCicorro~ive proCection and arable
highly conducCing contact, Che ends of rhe aeceions and a part of the outer i
surPa,ce, including ttie gtooves, are covered witt~ g layer ~f nickel. ~
. I
d~�... f 9 x ~.~i~.~. rw~~a~Ri'R~~ '!M\'';3? ~ . ' .
~ k~;~ tati~b +F ~ M1 4 . i
. .e!S! 1~~',x'.. x .t~W:,r, ~ . :~~a{y~,11~~~{y +'r~ " r ~F~. ~ ~ i
. r.t'~:`~, ~ i
~ ~ t ~ r ~
~ k wF ~
E ~ 0
~ LF
S 1 `4 ~ ~ '
i;v . p c~y�~ , ; ~ f r ~ ~ ~,A ~ ~ , , ~ -
. ' n+'" e r . ?i j t .~t,, ~ ~ ~ ~
, ~ , - �~F~ ..fi 4 a~Y. -..k,.~ , 8 .
Figure 1 -
When BMW are connected, flanges are placed on t~heir ends, elastic aplxt rings
are inserted into the grooves, and rubber sealing rings are installed. The
cenCering is anne with a sleeve. The butC joinC is Cightened wiCh bolta.
In order to obtain high-quality BMW, a special mulCistage production tech-
nique was develapedl.
Main Advantnges oF BMW over CW: 1) a substantial savfng in copper 90-95%,
for exampler for an RRL [radio relay line] of 1000 km over 23 tone; 2)
the possibility of using rigid suapenders, which are simpler than the spring-
~ type suapendera, due to the closeness of the linear expansion coefficient of
ehe BMG1 and the radio rPlay mast; 3) a conaiderably higher strength and the
rigidity, which consicterably reduces the possibility of damaging waveguid~s 8C-
cidentally in tne procesa of their transporCation, atorage, installation,
- and operation; 4) completely dismountable sCructure of the butt ~ointe which
ensures a greater degree of compactness and has 4-6 times greater tensile
~ atrength; 5) a aubatantially higher real precision of Che inner channel.
Electrical Parameters. The ohmic losses of BMW are practically analogous to
those of CW. According to the data of article [2], the losses in the fre-
quency range of 3.4-3.9 GHz do not exceed 1.8 dB in a route lengCh of 100 m.
� Excitation Level of Feflected Wave H11. The main sources of ;:he excitation ~
of the reflected wave are the steps at the place of ~unctian and the pulsation
of the diameter of the inner channel of the waveguide. As analysis has shown,
the second sot!rce can be diaregarded in camparison with the firat one, there-
fore oints alone are examined below.
The production technique waa d~veloped under the direction of A. A. Shev-
chenko and M. B. Rogov.
2
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The eheoreeical evaluaCion of the reflecCed wave level was done by fnrmutas
_ obtained for a waveguide 70 mm in diameter from general rela~ions for calcu-
lating ~ninea given in [3]:
_ Wit=3,24 ~ 10�~ Q~�-~-0,58 a~ _
, f=3,~~ rru r,~x
tl%~i = 0,~ � 10'~ a~ 0,29 C 1,
a
f - 3,~ rru, GHz
where l~/~i is the mean value of ehe energy of the reflected wave from
one joint; so+s2 are Che mean valuea of Che equares of the zero and
aecund harmonics of the Fourier series of function which characCer-
izea Che at~p st the place of juncCion.
Z'he valuea of and s~ were determined by the resulCa of ineasurement
, of Che diameter and ellipticity of the inner channels of large number of
o~aveguidea. The hiatogram of Figure 2 shows the results of ineasurements of
the deviarions of the average (over Che cross section) diameter D from its
rated value. '~he neasurements were conducCed on 23 aections of a w;tveguide
every 100 mm along ita axis. The mean value of Che diameter D for this group
was 70.01 c~, and the root-mean-square value of the deviation of the diameter
from its mean >>alue was 0.015 Hence
~`E~ ~(D - D)=~2 = 0,011 ~ u.
25,~%24,7%
169% ~8,.3%
. Figure 2
~
~.e~ e
O,f%O,f~:Q9y.~S�/a tD /�0,4�~'0
Q06 -0,04 -0,02 0 Q02 0,0~ I7Pt
3
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25,8%
?0,7�Ie~~; .
14,5�~
. :Q?%
NT~/p "
Zp~o ?A~�1,49'. f,49'o ~
qo~ qvs qos v,o~ D,09 nn
Figure 3
In order to find Ez , we used measuremen~s o� the ellipticiCy 3 only of
the ends of the watveguidea because, due to additional machining, they have
a a~mewhae greater ellipttciCy Chan the inner channel of the waveguide, The
results of the meaeurement of 3 of 300 ends of waveguides are ahown in a
hietogram of Figure 3. According to these data
= V (~?,max ~m~ ` p~05 st~t
and, accordingly, �
~ z ~=0,017
For the found valuea of do and Sz , in accordance with (1), We obtain:
1~ =0,14 � 10~8(- 69 A6), dB
~ f - 3,4 I'I'u~ GHz
W11=0,69 � 10-' ?2 Afi)~ dB
f
- 3,9 I'1't~. ' . .
' The reflectiona of t:~e wave H11 were determined also experimentally with the
aid of a pulsed reflectometer IR-4 which made it possible to isolate the re-
flection from individual joints. The measurements were carried ouC in the _
waveguide plumbing installed at one of the operating RRL. Reflectioas from
approximately 220 jointa were determined and analyzed. The averaged value
of the reflected wave enetgy wae very amall W' ~ 4.9 � 10'~ (-63 dB). Con-
sidering the posaible individual inaccuracieal~n the assembling of the wave-
guides, it is posaible to consider that the agreement between the measured
and calGUlated (by the cneasured geometrical parametera) reflection coeffi-
cients wae good. Analogous electrical measurements of butt joints of CW
~ 4
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were also conduceed. They showed thaC Che amplitude o� Che re�leceed wgve
in them wae, on Che average, 3-4 times greaCer than in BMW.
ExciCatlon I,evel of Extiraneous W~ve ~ 1. Wavea of various typea can be ex-
cited on waveguide disconei.nuieies~ Qn Che frequency range of 3.4-3.9 GHz
which ia being examined, only rhe E01 wave among ttie extraneous waves in a
waveguid~ 7Q mm in diameter can propagaee~ The source of the excieaCion of
the Epl wave in Che plumbing ia Che nonrecrilinearity o� Che real axia of
Che waveguidea, as well as the aCepa and fraceures in ehe placea of their
junction. The evaluaCion of the level of the Epi wave excited on these dis-
continuities is given below.
The axie of a waveguide has, as a rule, a apaCial bend, however, only Che
projection of Che bend onCo the plane deCermined by ehe highest value of tihe
component Er of ehe wave H11 participateg in Che excieation of the wave E01�
As was ehown in [3], Che amplitude Apl of Che wave Ep~, at the outpue of a
aection of length L is defined by the formula
~ L
Ao~ ~~)==Q Y(x) e~' ~~~-a~~t t dx, (2)
u
w"~7ere ~{,(z) is
Q ~11n�~At �n~f~~^r~�~~r~~~ IO ~
M~/Ow~~? nep~~~rnw� ~J
Structure of Underwater Slope of Lake Baykal in the Reqion of
Divfng: i-- according to echo-sounding data= II accordinq
t~ obAervations from the "Pisces"s the numbers indicate the
depth fram the surface
r.~v :
1. bedrock 3. planer, of proposed tectonic
2. fragment~ of bedrocl: and disturbances
aedimentr~
2'S
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j~ ,,y,
~ ~ ~ w ~
~'i~
~t~.-
4~ , c
~ .
~
f>
(?utcrops of Bedrock Cut by a A Sianting Section of Slope
Crack at a Depth of 300 m Covered With Ooze Replacea the
Steep Outcrop of Bedrock; Depth
of 320 m
24
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Wi~i Lak~ 8aykal eecom~ ~n Ocean?
A r~nditiion for th~ orcurrence of rifti valley~ ar~d aon~iguou~ up~i,f~~, re-
qardie~~ of where they are ~o~atiec~ on the con~in+~n~ai or oeeania arus$,
i~ th~ ~resence of separatiions in the litho~ph~r~ tihe outpr, brittle eh~11
of the eartih. Thus, conti~n~ntial ri.ft~ are probabiy formed in the foilowing
manner. ~he i~thogpher~ ia broken dve to ~hQ ~~�eo~ of tenaile gtreseas and
a ehear arack having an e~r~qie of inalination of appxoximately 60� ig forme9
~n ib. ~to 1~ioaka loeeted on different ~3deg of th~ araalc er~ germ~d= one
in ite ~verhar~g~ng si9a and the other in the oppo~itie undar ~ide. ~he
overhanqing bioak exerte ~otnewhat qreater preesure on its bo~tom than the
averaqe preasure of ~.he varticai coitm~n of the lithosphere, while ~he hori-
~ontai bloak, eut by th~ ~loping arack accor8inqiy exert~ less pra~surp.
~his ceu8es a dieturbance of grnvitationai equilibrf.um, which leade to in-
tensive verticai mov~menta in different ~ir~atiions. 4'he a~ation of arus~
which form~ the overhanging biock rise8 to the surface while the horizontial
block~ on the contrary, eubmerqee. A deep trouqh and contiquoue ridqe are
formed. This is the modei for formation of asyrtmetrical graben~ valleys
wi~ri equal sides, proposed by F. Weniny-Meines in 1950.
,~=R
� ,
Surface of Ooze at Depth of 1,410 m: qoby (in fore5�rcund) and
qaamarus crayfish
Judginq by available dat~, this model, at least in the first approximatfon,
is suftable to explain the nature of the Baykal rift. Actually, there are
ntm~eroua data of coastal geology which indicate a rise of the Prfmorskiy
25
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~
~hti C)l~t~'1CIAf, US~ t~NLY '
Ri~~e ex~~nding alonq th~ w~~t~rn roa~t e� L~1c~ ~aykai ~luring ehe Qu~~ernary !
epoeh. Wev~-au~ grot~oe~ ar~d co~~~ei-1~~ ~~uider~ erfd pebble~ sr~ fotiu?~1
et ~ heigh~ of 10 m or mor~ abov~ the a~ter 1ev~1 in different regione on .
tJ~e wa~t~rn shor~ of th~ 1akp. in failing into the laks, ~he ~hann~l8 of
mar~y riv~r valieya are Aeemingl5? ~erkefl upwar~ an~ ara broken off in a Qteep
eutarop. ~h~ a~~r~p~i, r~te~~, ~angieudinai faui~~ ~nd g~eep cliffs ara
genereily wid~iy c~istiribut~d alemen~ of t~h~ r~~i~f of th~ w8etern ~o~t ef
Lake Baykai. Ag are hav~ s~en, the underaat~r reli~~ of th~ waetern e~o@e
is a~~o charaateri~ad by the pr~senc~s of a larqe number of atepg. Tn al~
probabi~.ity the uplifti of ~he Primorekiy Ri~qe, ~orreepon~inq ~o avrfgeing
o� the section of erus~ on th~ horixontiai side of the li~hoapherio eraek,
ig accompanie8 by fornation uf tectionic plate~ and their coliapse along the
�ractwces of the main favit syetem which leads to formation of etepg on tha
glope of the trough. On tihs other hand, the etructure of the Badimantg and
the morpholoqy og the axial qraban indicate that it Was formed under condi-
tions of etabi~ prolongad downwarping. 7'hue, there are Aeta on ths inr~n8ive
diffArentiai movementis of the blocke which are pradieted by the infliaatod
model. mhe disturbanc~ og the sedimentary mass on the eae~ern and southaastern
~id~s of the rift trouqh are alao compietely expleinable within the fram~work
of thig echerr~ eince, accorflinq to it, the lithoepher8 ia b~nti upon deep
' submergion of ona of the biocke. Stresaee ocaur at the point of this bend
which ar~ manifeetefl in intensive tectonia disturbences of 8edimente.
if tenaile 9treeaas in the continentai lithosphere continue, an aflditional
crack sloping toward the firat occurs in it. 3imilar vertieal displacementa
of the aections of crust aill aiso occur along the oontinuinq crack, ae a
result of w~hich a syma~tricai qreban with sunken axial biock and upiifted
limbs ie formed. Subsequently, if the expansi,ons inereaeo, !ha thick con-
tinsntal lftho~phere may be qen@rsily ruptured u~d the matter of the
asthenosphere a layer which undarlies the lithosphere and where the rock
is in a partially molten atate aill begin to be introduced into the
formed split. Since the lithospheric pia~s are trov,ad in this case, the
width of the fracture zone will increase and the edgea of the continents
will geparate from each other, leavinq a place for the newly formea oceariic
csu,+t. ~ine progressiv~e g~paration of the lithospheric plates aill contri-
bute to the fact that matter of the asthenosphere will continue to be intro-
duced into the lracture crack. it hardens, crystallizes and changes to the
solid matter of the lithosphere as the distance from the split increases.
The thickness of the lithosphere will increase a~nd its level will qraduaily
subside since the denaity of the coider crystallized rock increases o~mpared
to the partially moiten rock of the asthenospheia. The level wili be maxi-
mum near the fracture where the lithosphere is theoretic~?ily qenerally
abaent and will then subside more and more in a direction away from it toward
the edqea of the separatinq ooatinents. ~'he matter of the asthenosphere
hardens eapecially rapidiy immediately in the zone of the apliti due to con-
tact of the magma ejected to the eurface with the orear~ water. Zfie eoid and
coa~act aucial blxk formed in this case descends to the level of isostatic
equilibrium which is maintained durinq motion of the plates. This is haw
a deep depressfon wfiose bottom consists of the youngest ejected rock of the
26
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FOR t1~~tt~fiAt, t)~~ ANt,Y
ocaan bo~tom io form~d on the beokground of thA ganerai ~ymma~rieai upiift -
o! tha bo~tan ~urfeaa o~ a nea oc~an.
i~~ ~
~ ~ ~ ~
i1
i
7~
C~~, ,
d~
_ +
~
'
~V
~~~AIIM~MM~NtM~~ lt~M~ ~~Al1~A~tR~~ 'l1~NN~ , l~M/ tf~~~dil~ ~eNM~~t~~~ ~7~
f~IM 11 t~I1~M~A~11Y1 t~~~llf'~ri1~.~~tiMIMNtHM ~ 1~MMf~~t~MMA
�.n~+~. t.A~,e.e~�A ~~hNA ~�wr M ~�er.�
MMMIIt N!~11H~11A ~~A~~ft~ ~~lA~MMIN MN�
ta~Y MI NM~~1 11YMN~H~ 1NN~~I~~t AAN~. ~ I~~MUyM Il~t~t~~~Mllf IIMIt
IItAMht~~1~111Mt tMMMY~ ~1~MrMM~ M~~IN~~IIM~~ ~ M MMR~~IIAMt f~ II~~~A~MM
(11� A. f1. l~N~rw~~N~~. i~A~~e~e~~A ~.~�~~A ~~~w ~8~
Q~MA~MI NA11111~t11~f~ A11~ ~Z~ ~ Q MIINt ~tM~t111~11~M~f~ A~~IIII~Mi9~ Mt
l
�~~n~M cM.~~~~: (3) ~
rL'~, ~~tT~IM~MMA ~~I Q INII~~~MIIA~ A~Mfll~llllA 11Allt ~lO~
r
L ~
Q t~~~f~ ~rj~
r c~a~.~ ~6)
1'RI
Geodynamic Chart of Saykal Rift Zone and Adjoininq Areas. The
characteristia feature of !he tectonics of the Baykal rift zone
and of the adjacent areas is separation of the lithoephare itito
a large number of smail piatas which exparienre comp~ex mutual
displacements (aacordinq to L. P. Zonenshayn)
(Key on folla+inq paqe )
, '
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K~Yt
Lake eaykal donae og cwecentration o! ~a~rth-
eaykal typa tirouqhs quaka epieontiara
3. dispia~mont vootior~ 8. bour?deriae og litihasph~rio p~a~e
4. tonAiie and miciroplate~ bayand tih~
5. ahearinq Saykal ri~t ~ona
6. aompraesiva 9. puil of reiative t~lon o! piete~
10. diroot.ion o~ m4tion o~ plst.oe �
9~~ is the echaaa whieh shaa~ how ar~ oeaar~ aith tha n~ain meYpholoqfeai
�truotaree o~ ita bottom the mid-oaaan r~8gee end tha daep ~.onQitudinai
flepraa0io~ns at ehair axie oaaania rift8 n+ay oceur ati the rota~icm o~
a oontiinantai ri~t. Dota~lad invastiqations carriad out in the ri!!.a by
u~ing towad bottan geophyaic~i systams end snbmereibi~s sha+ad that thoir
�lopa8 also hav~a a aiQariy markaci etep ~trua~uro. ~rie eurfac88 of thaea
e~ep~ ara inalinad in dirWationo'saay fran tha axia. Formation of the etaps
ie ralat.ad to the ~aot thst aubsidenoe of the axial bioak ocaurs on a baok-
ground of piate aaparation, as a reault of r?hioh the litho~phero ig Baparatad
into individuai taet~nio plateg whi~h era in~linad in direatiana from tha
trough axie.
it ia pre8sntily dilf~ault to pradict with co~plete cartainty whathar eaykai
Miii qo throuqh tha entirs courea of 8avalopmenti from ar? aeymmetrieai een-
tinental graben, Mhiah it ~a at present, to a sya~tr~adi aoeanie rift iocatad
' along tha axis o~ the oaaat~ie be~in. it ie no~ axoluQed that the tan8ila
g~resaas in tha lithoaphe~a of Lake Saykal wiii attanuate and thab ths qraben
Miii caase to dev~lop arifl wiii be fiiled in by sadimar?ts. Quita a fow of .
theea buried continentai ri~ts, "ta~succyselul prat~ndaro" to tha rola o!
_ the xaar~s, are kr~own. Another thinq ie imQortants on tho baeis of tho
new qlobal taatoniea, qeoloqists aan datarmine tha doep aeuaa-~!l~set rala-
tionahips of tha evolution of various otruaturas o! rhe earth'a surlaea.
The Nature of.the Tensile straseee o! the B~yykai Rilt Zona
R~e preeance of a nerrow daep sadimes~t-fiiled qrabea within Lakc~~ ~ykal and
8teps on it~ slope are indiract leaturas o! tha tensila stresses ~.hich pre-
~ dominate in a rift ~one. Rl~ese at.resaes ara diraatly esl:abiiehed ~rata eeie-
mio materiala. Tha beit of ecatterad seismiaity interseats the Asiatia oon-
tinent from the Pamira ~o staaovyy Rfaqe. Earthquaka epieenters are localized
within a ralativ~ely narraw bamd in tha 8aykal rift ~ane. ~nalyais of the
orientation o~ the et.ressae at earthquake loai share that tenaio~ oriented
at right angies to ita strike is prevalant in the Baykal sona. Campreaaiv~
oonaitions ara recorded farther to the eaet. Data on the orientatioa o~
strasses at eartfiquake !xi wara used by L. P. Zonenahayn et al. to ealculata
the puli of relatiw motian of lithospheric plates which ara eaparated by
the inciiceted seismic belt. tt turned ont that the pull is loaated to the
east of the northern terminue of the Baykal trouqh. 4fie lithospheria plates
approach aach other rrast o! this point a~d mov~e away lrom sach other to ths
eaat of it, wfiile the lines alonq which mutual motion oaaure ara lix~lt by
oonoer~tzation o! aarthquake epic~ters.
28
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,
FAR 0~`PICIAt, U9~ ~NY~Y
y
� ~i~ f1A~CtMrNOiT~AO
s' '
s ~~~1 ?
~ ~~~~t .
. . ~
~ lt,~ ~A.~~~ ~K ~ ~,1~ ? rA �
ri~ ~ ~~~^~~A~{~ ~ ~ ~R
~ t3)w~~t~~~
. Wti1M1
_ ( 3 ) ~~~cNpau�N~e nnMt~ ,
11 ! !
~ tttt � ? ~ ' ?
1~�~ ?
v ��ee +
v v v v v � e s e s
v vvv �sese~
~ vvvv ees�s�e
v v v v � s s e a a e n
v vv ~�e��� ?
v v v � � � s e ~ � ~ �
vvv es�~e�
Ct~MN, =MII~fYMMMN IqM �~1~1~~ /NIIrMfM~
Ml~t~MN AMlti 1N1Rr} ~~tMM!?I.i IN ~~A
MAIMIt IIMf M~ Nf~MtfrMM MM~/frlwA~ N!~
M~MM~A~ II~M �1Mr1~~Mt1M~ yyANt.~ IIAM~ M
eNiaaNN~. � � � ~ ~ ~ -.~~�e. ~AN~~
� �+~enNn ~twuw. � ~Men~wa~ ~M~ ~ ~Nrr
M~+~~wt +r~.1+nw ~ e.~M~. MM~a~wa
rr~~?w ~w ~ etN1~~. 0 ~ r f~-~ua~~�
AMet~ e~~Mw~ ~t ~M~~. t~a~~e~w
~farrMN NMM~a~a~~ ~r~~wr~~MM~rwi tM~
Ne* ~ti. ~v~M+~NI'~M .~nrMa M ~we~~
~�a~~ w++ru?r ~.u~. ~
f~11~ MIMM~ A11MIItMMM
Q a~u.�~~+1eta~� (4)
'~~~1 Il~ilAlMM~ �fll~tlitltl~Nw
I..~i~ AN1M~,M~~ IIMIt ~
Diaqzam Sha+inq Now a Sir~qie Monolithie Lithospheria plste May
8s 8roken into a t~unb~r o~ S~mli Plates DuA to tha 8lfea~ of
St.rsssa~ Oeaurrinq ttpon 2nteraatian of Larga Plates and Oollision
o~ Zfiam. Zbp modei o! introduat.io~ of "rigid dia" into piastic
body in which eracks and cliepiae~mente oceur, aham by the dashed
~ linoo anfl arrowgt bottom interaation of larqe platea (in tho
foraqround). 2!?e ratas of their ~autual separa~ioa are prvportional
to tha rete8 of the plate ~+hid~ playa the role of the "dis" a~d
dsgewd on the directiens of the boundaries batwean them
(1Cay on tollowin9 Paqe)
29
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1~Y t
1. pisa~ia bady 4. ~on~ o! ~osb in~enaiv~ intarae-
4. riqid diA ~ion o~ p1at~0
3. fix~d piato 5. diraction o! raletiiv~ n?o~iot~ of
plst~~
~ha quegtsot? aria~st ara the Aour~B of tha horisonta~ ~eneila s~raeras in
th~ Ssykai rl~fC tha same proceaso� ~ thosa on the boundariaa of ii:thoopheric
piates in ths oaaana wharA ~he na~? oa~anio oru~~ is forme~ or ara thAy ceu~8d
by differont~ ~xternal faataro?
Tho gaodynaa?ies og tha Saykai rifti zoaa, we feei, ia expiai~ed beet by tha
ahart o! p. lbinar enA Q. Tapon'ya, Nho atnalya.d the eaismieity and taotonirs
of Cantral and 8outhsrn t~aia. T~~u analyaie �ho~+o thati the oewrranca of
larqa ~raatu~n scon~a o! tha erust st the looation o~ tha 8aykal ri~ti may be
aauaQd by ~he intoreation o! largo iithoapheria pistoe tha Eursaian aad
Austiralian. R4~s diaqram of interaation of tha piatai aqraoo wail with tha
"ri~qid dio" mod~i, ir~ the rola of whiah tha Lndaetan peai:?eula movinq to
the north and whiah ~xar~o preo~ura an the Surasiar~ lithapheria pl~te,
osnargas. tn thie aao~ straao~o oeauie in the lattar, dua to tha �!loati o~
wl~ieh it is eeparate9 into a numb~r of Omalisr plates (mioropiatas) mcvinq ~
arow~d difleran~ po~e~ with r~opac~ to each other. ~rius~ !or exa~le, the ~
Ch~neoe piatform toqrther Nith the Meioaoio loided syqiona o! the Tranabaykal,
the rira-Amur r~qian aetd tha 8ikhete-l?~in', ia shilted ia an ~as~rly diraotion
awe?y fs~om northsrn Surasia. Rt~~ Baykai rilt s~a is praciealy loratad along
the ii:u� of possiblo rtrsisea arid ie the boundaYy o! tha eiaropiat~~. Con-
sequant~y, i~n tha !'inal ana~ys~s th~ formtion o! the Saykai r~~t is tha
resulE o! pr~OSUr~ unrt~d by on~ larq~ lithoapf?~ric plat~ on aAOther.
Rf?us, th~ id~as o! lithoApheria piate teatonia~ per~nit one to tio
toqethar~data o~ dstailad obrrrvations uithin the aati~re tsatcnia bdit to
tha gsneral qea3ymm~ie oituation withi~n the larqs raqion o! our plaaati.
in iteel! tha pos~fbility of is~wstiqatinq thio rslationship is a signifi-
ear~t advantaqa of the t?aw giobai taatonica which p~rmit.a pur~osatnl pia~nixig ~
o! ~utuze qaoloqical�q~aphy~iaal s+~aeerch usi~aq new hardware.
Zlia qooloqical inv~esl.iqations aonduated in Lake 8aykal gava caus� to chadc
goma qiobal gaot~rtanic hypotheees. Hut tha qeological iaveatiqatior~ vera
noe the onYy part of our pi~ogram the "Piscao" vshiale oula aaven divas
, for bioloqical purpoeee ar~d ~n rould lika to disaass thio ati least brisfiy.
~ris Reoulto o! Biologicai Invsatiiqatioaa
' Obs~rvatioas o! tha bahavior o~ fraahwater anl~als w~rs a~onduct~ad ~~r !ha
~irat time at eigniliaant depthe. Up to l~ive apaaisens o! trne ~?idely dia-
tribut~d Bapkal oil-tiob Msra locataa at th~ sar ~ime in the visual tieid
th~ oba~rwrs. 11tt~ntion io primsriiy drenm to the lact that the ~iah
s~,~a to howr in ths Mal.~r mass beiow tha head. in lhis case their body
ooew~tly ~nd~ wavy~ Pulaatiuq eaoticess. Naar the bottoo the Baykal oii-lish
30
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~~a~ c~~~~ici~t, u~t~ c~r~L~
t)11 ~i 14U~ a Nan a~~
i
pN~tdran ~ ~
~1~n~ ~ ~'r
D r ?1b
: o ~3 ~ ~4~ ` : 'i i
~ s u?.I un~uul ~ z . _ ~ ~ ~
9 1
Ca~ ~ ~ ~am`*-
, \ ~ . ~.I` n d 5
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t~~ ' j ~ `r :::r -
up+~Ma~p~~+
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� ' : � . (9 ) pM~fa e~,i~ ~ ~ ;
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i,~ ~ a' ~ . . u11NC ~j j~
t r tub~m 1. ~ ~ t
~ �.~~r~j ~ c~ ~ c8~ ~ ,
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i , , * ?
:x~~.. ~
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.:r~.`ii.~. ~ ~ , ~ ~A'+a
~ , (14)
rn,,j
n r
- ~~~2~ C13~ ~ ! ~
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a~.~ y ~
IltnlucmnH ,,,i f ~,;c:~ ' ~ 1 .s?~ .l
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OthA~M~~p ~A~~Mr~tM t~e10MS~s L~pMipd~?h0~ M p~llltlMM t0 fA~~~0~0~ C18, ~
b~lIN0~1 A)q� ~on? .Mre~~era iY/1M%A~ )/~ptk ~ IIOMIIOMQMtdM tMeWe+~~~
~~psrt NMqOttAM M~fIMdY~Mw~~ ~~At~Y~d A~t~~i~ll/l~~
t~o~ hAwIM ~ n�,~a~ow~~t� tc~rp U t~~~~ ~i ~~IC?M~hM! cen~q,atwr IOMM ~19~
~IA11~NOw M 1~~IMA11 A Iww ~O IM1111aR1/ It1~lONiM fll~~l
~~y ~~~.~aaatu~ ~o~w e ~.u+wr pa~~oMw o~qcnwiu np~~nAn~ra~nur ?o~w t~at~~ CLQ~
n~wr NV?r ot ~~Dt~a 6onr~ MP11~MP en~lr. ~t?jJi+
Q dfMU~h1~Y p.~lnu.~o `1V, 1~((Of~1 np~�~nnnara~�.Mr 16N~I petw~pPMw� CG1,
L~=J
Q VIl~ONIr� I w.~lw.r
Main Elements of Tectonics of Central ar~d Southern Asia.
indoetan, which is part of the Australian plate and which
movee to the north, plays the role of the "riqi8 die" here.
Con~resaion fron~, foided sones ar~d aiso faults which separete
smailer plates from each other occur in Central and Southe~cn
Asia
KEYs
1. Beykal rift zone 3. Syr Oar'ya River
2. Amu Dar'ya River 4. Lake Balkhash
(ltey coatinued on follawinq paqe) ,
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~Ott d~~tCIAL U3~ tl1~LY
5. Alt~y 15. Amur i~,var
6. Tarim Dar'ya tZiv~r ~6. inain fsul~g
7. indue RivAr 17. compre~eion frontg
8. Tib~~ 18. fauit8 witit? shiftin~ rod~onant
- 9. 9hert~i rsft ~one of diepiacen~n~
~b. Mekong Rtver ~9. t~x~iery fo1d~~ ~dn~g
11. Huanq Aiver ~0, psopoeed co~reg~ion vona~
~2. indos~an Peninaula ~1. proposed expanaion aone,~
13. Qenge~ aiv~r
14. Yarfg~~a Rtver
epproaCh~d ~he gQ~wnulation8 0~ ooz~ from tiin~ to time, vigoroue~y cut into
i~ and, paesinq eeveral cen~itaet~re und~r ie~ surfaae, aqain fioatad upward.
The biologiet-ob~ArvQro* deocriptively aalied theaa fi8h "p~o~n of the
naykai bottiom~" The 8~yka1 oi~-fieh u~ualiy did not raaat to the etrong
liqhte of tfte v~hio~ee er?d a~re not afraid of the preeence of tt~e "PieceB."
The numemu8 qobya a~so reacted eaim~y to the v~hioles. Rrhare wera eae8s
when some of them eta~ecl aaay on th~ ingt~nt boam. The gobys mov~ed
away durieq atten~ts co eoileat them with a hand net. ~t Was noted that
the qobys dig themseivea into the bottom or dig unique nests in the aoft
ooze .
Zhe varintion of the deneity o~ the orqarzigme along the trertica~ Nas obse~tre8
very clearly. Not oniy their nun~er per unit voluma but also tha ep~aia~
composition varisc]. The most abwndant fauna aaB noted in the bottan ~ayer
at depths abova 400 m, aspeeiaily on ralatively siar~ting oo~y 8lopas.
aaamarus-crayfish predominate here an8 large specimene of 8aykal oil-~iah
are found. Th~ bo~tom gurface is populatied by bottom-dwellir~q cray~ieh,
pienaria and bottom gobys. t~tunierou8 coloniag o!~ sponqas are fotmd et tha
mcet divaree depthg cm the ~ateep rocky elopes. it i~ typSca~ that trac~as
of the active vitality of bottom orqar~iems in the form of numaroug hillock~
and funneig are rerorded on the bottom at the niaximum depth of !he sontharn
part of Lake Baykal.
4fie "Pisces" submersibies have now baen in8ta11ed ~ 8cientif~c research '
v~essal9 of the t1SSR Academy of Saiancea ar~d are reac3y to begin operations
Lo study the structur~ of the ocears bottan. 1'he experience ac~qvired dur3nq
operati~s with the aubmereibles in Lake Baykal will be invaluabYe in the
future ~nveseigations.
*Biologists 0. M. itotova, V. N. Makeiawv, a. N. SideJ.ev ~nd N. 5. Resnikov
participated in the dives.
COPYRiGHTs izclatel'stvo "Nauka," "Prir~da," 1978 �
6521
CSO: 1870
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POA AFFIC~AL tt9~ ON~,Y
PtJ~LiCAT~BNS
Df~VELOPM~N'T PRdfittA~t SO~T{+IAAE FOR A SfiC~ORAL AU`tBMA'~~U C~N'rROL SYST~t
Mo~cow RAZRA~OTKA PR(11~RArAtNOGO A~~9PECH~N~YA O~RASL~VOY ASU in 1tu~~i~n 197~
Bi~n~d to pr~~g 9 J8n 78 pp 2, 3=5, 1~8-~~0, 199
CAanae~eioa, ineroduc~ion, app~ndix 1~nd eh~ e~bir~ of eone@n~~ from ehe
baok by O.V. Golovgnov and V.V. Shk~rup~, St~ti~tik~ Publi~h@rg, Mo~cow,
23,000 copi~~, 199 pagegj
(T~xtj ~xp~ri~ne~ in the d~velop~~nt ~nd introduceion of programming ~oft-
War~ for a~ectoral ~utomated contro~ ~ystem for the chemical indu~try is
de~crib~d.
The ch~racteristie~ of gy~e~m probiem~ a~re treated, as are the etructure of
the ~eneral progr~mmieg aoftw~r~, qu~,~tion~ of th~ d~~ign of data proce~sing
eysteme using ~h~ g~~ndard equipment of th~ dperational ~y~tems of rhird
g~n~r~tion comput~rg. P~r~icular attenrion is devoted to the use of a
hi~rarchical data bank and remoee procesaing. Th~ developmeet work aas bgeed
on th~ IBM-~~0 cumputpr, uhich is comp~tib~e aith computers in ehe gtandard-
ized g~rie~ of electronic computere.
Th~e book is intended for speciali$te engaged in the development of dtta pro-
cessing technology in automated control ayatema, and ~an be useful to the
r~orkers of computer centers.
IntroducCion
~'h~ deve~opment of the program software for a sectoral ASU Cautomated contral
gygtcm] (OASU) is based on the vide-gca1~ utilization of computere of the
gtandardized computer ~eries, and provides for th~ standardiza:ion of pro-
cedureg for dgtg proceesing and etorage, as we11 as atandard methods of oper-
ation in a"programmer - operator - computer" mode. The correct gelection
of the requisite hardware and softaare permitg the creation of an economically
favorable technology for data procegsing, 9riented to~*arde the Rupport of
functional programmin~ ~ub~~~t~m~ ~fl~i ~~,mpl~x~s of the OASU. In the book
offered to the read~r h~re, the primary attention is devoted to coding and
prograaming processes, and to standard aays of utilizing standardized toola
. ~
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~OR ~F~~C~AL U9~ ~NLX
far th~ ~r~~tion di th~ p~rogr~m ~dfew~~~ ~f d~t~ pxoc~~~in~ sygC~m~, ehQ
bg~ie fun~eion of whi~h i~ eh~ d~riv~eion o� ~a�~rence, ~ccounti.n$ ~nd ad-
miniger~tiv~ inform~eion in eh~ ferm of r~f~~r~ne~ r~pli~~ and inC~r~ogatione.
'~hi,g gd~1 ie ~chi~v~d by mean~ o� conc~ntr~ring eh~ daC~ on ehe ~.n�ormaei~n
~Arrir~~ af eompuep~~ and controlling th~ proc~~~~ng of rhe ~nformat3on by
mQ~ne of gen~~~l ~~d ~p@e~~l progr~m ~o~eware, whar~ eh~ latC~r i~ based on
th~ fir~t, t~king int~ ~eeeua~ th~ ~t~nd~rd procedureg provid~d in ie.
Sp~ci~i progrgm ~of~W~r~ i~ ere~eed on eh~ ba~ig nf ~n ~conomic analyeis of ~
~ eh~ ~ygeem, ~ regu~t ~f which th~ framework c~f ehe futur~ syetem ie pr~- ;
~i~~ly dutiin~d. An ~xhau~eiv~ end pr~Ci~@ d~~crip~ion af +rh~ syat~m permit~ ,
~ r~du~eion in the dev~i~pm~ntai cogt o~ th~ ~pec~.~l program ~o�tw~re and ~ `
euregilm~nt of the tim~ required'for its cre~tion. ~he d~aeription o� Ch~
~y~t~m i~ b~~~d on ~n underet~nding of the requiremente of the funcCionai
conerol ~ubay~t~m ~nd ite flGOnomic ~~~ence. 'feken inta ~ccount ar~ such
f~c~or~ a~ th~ compo,~ition ~nd vnlume c~f the iniri~l ~nd Ei.c~al dat~, the character-
i~tiag of ehp document, th~ eechnical eh~r~eteri~tics of the computer de-
Viceg~ the c~p~bilieie.~ ~nd iimitation~ of thg p~ckg~es o� applied programe~
~g aeii the gtanddrdg for the over~ll program gofewar~ and other faCtors.
~f ~ gy~tem u~ing r~mot~ prnceesing faciliti~g is developed, then ehe capa-
bilitieg of th~ p~riph~r~l equipm~nt are aleo con~idered (communicaCions
lineg, t~rminul~, contrdl devices), and a provision is made for combining to
the ~re~teat extent p~s~ib1~ th~ Work of eh~ ir?dividual users, who share the
re~ources ~f the central facility. In designing larg~ sysrems for integrated
datn proresging, posed along With qualitntively new proble~ne is the problem
of increaging the labor productivity of the program eoftware developera. The
exigtenre of packages of applied programa or programming sygtema createa
nnly the app~arance of a favorable eituation, which disappears when a apecific
~y~tem i~ d~eign~d around them: months, and sometimea even yeara are required
for th~ intraduction and development of the latte:. Aa the experience of a
number of foreign firrag has shown, outlays for system development where it
is initially thoroughly aorked out, proved to be twice as small as the outlaqs
When a system is introduced concurrently with its development without a pre-
liminary analyeis of the syetem as a whola.
Developmental experience With the automated control system for the chemical
industry (ASU-khim) using third generation computer equipment, which is de-
scribed in thie book, can prove to be of interest for many desipners, since
despite geveral specific features of this sector for the case or control
' automation at upper management levels in the hierarchy, the nature of the
problems ahich arise is aimilar to the problems of automation in other sec-
tors.
A unique feature of the present moment, which is typical of the mgjority of
industrial sectnrs, consists in the fact that the deaign and introduction
of sygtems ig carried out simulCaneously with the training of the special-
ists. A multiplicity of new people work on the design of the program soft-
ware, and of them, only a fea have experience in the automation of data pro-
cessing on third generation computera. Regardless of the tasks in contral
automation that these specialists are called upon to perform, they are all
34
POR OFFICT.AL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1
FOR OF~IC~AL USE ONLX
f~c~d wieh d~al~n~ w~.eh Ch~ el~m~ntg o� d~eg prane~s3.ng gy~ti~ms, ~nd for eh~.s
re~son, an ~�forC m~de ~.n Ch~.~ book ta comb~.ne Che beg~.nning working infor-
matiion d~aling gpeci�ically with tiheae ques~~.ong. ~n uaing Che h~rdware ~nd
so�Cware o~ Chird generaeion compuCers, i~ is es~ene~.~l ~o know Che sC~.?dards
for d~C~ conCrol, and the funceinne and rule~ �or work~.ng w~.~h common program-
ming ~oftiw~re, h~.gh level pro~rgmming langu~g~e, peckeges of ~pp~.ied programs
and underetand the char~ceer3stica nf oCher eoo~~ orianted eowards increasing
degign product~.v~.ty and reducing the cost of problem salution.
SCgndard d~Ca procegeing eystems, which incorporaee a subsysCem fnr dat~
gathering, an auComaCed bank, ~nd aubeygCems for problem soluCion and displsy-
ing ehe results as integral components have become ehe basic e~.ements in ehe
design of program software. The sCrucCure of such systems ia in accordance
with the logic structure of the control system, and for thia reason, their
overall design is based on an analyaie of the operation of the faciYity being
, automated and rhe daCa processing �uncCions in ie, and are treated in Chapter 1.
Iri accordgnce with the analysis, requirementa are establiahed for the data
procesging syatem, in particular, gn enumerACion of Che spec~.fic nutpur dnc-
umenCa with eheir prinCouC composition and periodicity indicated. These re-
quiremen~s deCermine ehe structure and compoai~ion of the data base. The
economically accepCable data Procesaing technology, including Che init3.a1
data inpur, Che updating of muCually relat~d seCs oG daCa (basis) and infor-
mat~.on output as a resulC of the soluCion of specif ic problems, is establistied
through the use of standard program softwar~ and hardware.
The pro~ect planning for the data processing technology based on aCandard
operational syetem equipment is described ~n Chapter 2, where the operations
of generating and maintaining files, and feeding out information are treated;
eeriea processing ueing merger algorithms nnd sorring routinea is analyzed.
The specific features of direct data accesa are demonseraCed ueing the ex-
ample of index-series organization, and th~a condiCions leading to the cxea-
Cion of an inCegrated data bank are analyzed, while the specific example of
data procesaing technology in tht~ OASU sub:~ystem using a package of applied
programs, which organizes communications of: Che "product composition" type,
is also analyzed.
The technological fundamenCals of working with an automated data bank are
treated in Chapter 3 using the example of a hierarchical information control
. system, and an example is given of the structure of a data bank for informa--
tion and reference problems of Che minisCry. In Chapter 4, which is devoted
to the fundamentals of modern remote information processing te~hnology, a
system of data input from a display keyboard is described, as are the t~chno-
logy for data processing using a remote processing system, the lo~ic of ele-
mentary input operations, and data correction and examination.
Appendix 1.
The Equipment Complement of the Sectoral Computer Center
35
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1
roit orrzcxni, us~~; nNLY ~ ~
The bae3s nf ehe equipmene complex of ehe sec:Cora1 computer center of the ~
MinisCry of rhe Chemicgl Tndustry is camposed of "Minsk-2~" (4 units) nnd
"Minsk-32" (2 unita) second generation computers, and one third generation
computer, a 360-50 fnanufactured by Ghe TBM cotnpany. The computers are
- locgeed in ehree places: rh~ IBM-360-50 and Cwa "Minsk-22" at the main cen-
Cer, one "Minsk-32" compuC~r at Tula, two "Minsk-2'l" compuCers and one
"Minsk-32" at Kiev, as well as an TBM-3780 terminal s~ation connected to the
TBM-360-50 vin a separate Celephone channel.. ~nstalled in the room of the ;
mi.nisCry are Chree IBM-3275 inEormatiion displays, wh~.ch are connected ~o the ;
SHM-360-50 via sepgrate eelephone commw~icaCiona channels, as well as tele-
Cypes for receiving information from the enterprises and punched card/tiape
m~chines.
~ The following equipmenC is included in the complement of tha IBM-360-50
(s~e the figure): a cen~ral processor witti a one megabyte high speed mem-
ory, equipped with one mulCiplex and ~hree selector channels and an TBM-1052
- conrrol board typewriter; the TBM-23].4 magnet3c d3sk memories (9 d3sc assem-
blies wiCh ~ capacity r,~ 29 Mbytes each) with an IBM-2319 conCrol block,
which is connecCed to the selector channel; IBM-3420 model 3 magnetic Cape
memories wiCh two IBM-3803 conCrol blocks, connected to Cwo selector channels.
The control blocks have a switcher which provides for the simultaneous oper-
gtion of two tape transport m~chanisms in any combinatian.
There are seven tape transport mechanisms in all, of which s,ix operate wiCh
a record density of 1,600 bytes/inch (64 pulses per mm) and one mechanism
can operate with a record density of both 1,600 bytes/inch and 800 bytes/inch
(32 pulses per mm); Cwo IBM-2540 punched card input-output devices, three
IBM-1403 line-at-a-time prinCers; an IBM-2703 line communications control
block, which includes one synchronous and one start-sCop line base. Connected
to this block are the following: an IBM-3780 terminal in Kizv, CRT in�ormaCion
displays in the ministry and in Che center iCself, as well as f ive IBM-2741
terminals and telegraph channels.
We shall give a brief description of the devices cited here. The model 50
series 360 electronic computer is an intermediate model (in terms of the
technical characCeristics) from a series of computers which are compatible
with each other at both Che programming level and at the level of peripherals
inCerfacing. It operates with binary, decimal and alphabetic information.
Numbers can be represenCed both with a floaCing and a fixed decimal point. o
The minimal addressable information elemenC is the byte, consisting of eight
binary digits. The length of a computer word is equal to 4 bytes or 32 bits.
It is also possible to work with double length words.
The direct access memory takes the form of magnetic discs, which include
eight 2314-B1 disc drives, and an IBM-2319 control block. There is a ninth
standby disc drive. Interchangeable packets of type 2316 discs are used in
the 2314-B1 unit, where these discs include 11 pLates with 20 working sur- -
faces. The capacity of a packet is 29.177.MbyCes. The working surface of a
disc has 203 tracks with a capacity of 7,294 bytes.
36
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1
'Thc LlfM-~4ZU Cnp~ er~ngpdrt ~imule~ne~u~ly reGnrd~ wtrh nin~ pdir~ of h~dd~,
thue forming nine infnrm~tion Crack~. Ntne dtgitg ~ompri~~ nne byt~ wirh n
parity ~h~Ck digit. N~nreturn-e~-z~r~ r~eording i.~ u~~d ta reenrd wieh ~
den~ity nf up eo 800 pulg~~ p~r ineh, ~nd eh~ ph~g~ pot~nti~l m~ehod ig ug~d
tu r~enrd with ~ d~n~i~y of 1.,600 pul~e~ p~r ineh. ~he ~a~mort~s ~r~ cdnn~ee~d
td ~wo IBM-~3g03 cnntrol unit~, eaCh af whieh in eutin ig coupied to differhnt
eale~C~r Chann~lg.
_ Th~ infnrmaCinn nutput ie accompli~h~d by m~gn~a of ~ 14d3 linp-~C-~-tim~
prine~r. 'Chi~ unit prinCg aC a rnte nf up to 1,100 linpg/min (with g gperigl
get nf gymbolg)~ covering g whale line nt onc~, which contging 132 ~ymbol~.
The I~M-2540 unit c~n~igeg of twd device~: g reader nnd a perforator. Th~
punCh~d cerdg are f~d dut wide eide firgt from the reader magazine ae a r~r~
of 1,000 cardg/min through two eetg of r~gd~r brugheg into one of three r~-
C~~CgCl~ pocketg. ~ach pocket hnldg 3~140 punChEd cgrdg. Th~ cgrdg flow
From the m~gazinp of the perfor~tor through the p~rforation point, the read
point and gd to one of three receptacle pockets at a ret~ of up Co 3U0
carda/min. The central receiving pockee ig uged by both devices, which~
opernte independently of each other. The unir is connected to a multiplex
Chunnel.
The conCrol board typewriter (an IBM-1052) permiCe prinCout nn p~per and
the feeding of information i.nto the computer from the keyboard. This unit
is usunlly employed for prinCing out brief inessageg for the operator at a
rntc~ df 14.8 charuceer~ per minute. There ar~ 89 print eymbolg on the k~y-
bonrd of the LBM-1052, and of them, 26 ar~ line leteers and 63 c?re epecial
symbol~.
The IBM-2103 is intended for organizing the interchange between the central
processor and the terminals connected through communications lines. The
unit is connected ro the multiplex channel and provides for operatinn in a
start-stop mode at a maximum spesd of up to 600 bita/sec, and in a synchro-
nous mode nt ~ maximum rate of up to 4,800 bies/sec.
Thc IBM-3780 is the most productive terminnl station, which provides fnr
reading punched cards at a rate of up to 600/min and prints out messages at
~ rate of 300 - 425 lines/min. The unit operetes in two modes: independently
~nd in an interchange mode through a communications line. In the latter case,
tiie IBM-3$70 either feeds the punched cards through the reader, or receives
ttic data which is to be printed out on Che station printer. Ir. the indepen-
dent mode, the data are read by the reader from the punched cards, are printed
out, but nre not trnnsmitted to the communications line. The IBM-3780 op-
erates in a semiduplex mode via switched or segregated communications chan-
nelg. The data transmission rate in the communications equipmrnt and the
modems is up to 1,200 bits/sec. Operation is possible via segregated chan-
nels in a duplex mode, increasing the transmission rate up to 2,400 bits/sec.
37
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1
run urr141nL uois u~r~t
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r-1 N e'~1 ~t ~I1
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38
FOR O~FICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1
~Ott UF~LCIAL USE aNLY
The ~~M-327S i~ ~ di.gplay, whi.~h w~~ de~~ribed in S~eeion 4.2. An IgM-32~4
printer i~ conneceed Co the IBM-3275 diepl~y �or d~ea printinut, wher~ thp
- print r~t~ of eh~ former is 40 characCera/sec.
Znformneion exeh?an~e ~ccomp~.i~hed ~t ~ r~r~ of 1,200 bauds.
~hc LBM-2741. rerminel i~ a eypewrie~r, ~nd can opergte ~.n a time ~haring
mod~ or c~n be u~ed a~ a sCandard Cypewri.ter.
Tab1~ of Contenea
Introduction ~
Ch~pter 1. The Ba~in ComponentA �or the De~ign o� ASU
Progrgm 5ofCware 6
1.1. Deeign problems in datg pracessing
gyeCems 6
1.2. The specific featurea of Che mangged
ob~ect 11
1.3. Bagic models of Che functional sub-
syetems of the automated control sysCem
for Che chemical indusCry 17
1.4. General program aofCware for Che data
proceseing systems 36
Chapter 2. The Pro~ect Planning for Data Processing Syatema
Based on Standard Operational System Hardware and
Software 63
2.1. Standardization of operational sysCem daCa
control 63
2.2. The �undamentals of documenting the operations
of data pracessing and files 71
2.3. The standard f.unctions of data processing
system designers ~5
2.4. An evaluation of the developmental Cime for
data processing programs 78
2.5. Sequential file processing SS
2.6. Extracting information from series files
and printing it out 104
2.7. Processing series index files 115
2.8. Extracting from series index files 123
2.9. Data processing technology in an automated
system for setting standards and planning 130
Chapter 3. Data Processing in Hierarchical Information Systems
and Data Banks 142
39
FOR OFFICT.AL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1
i
~~It OCt~tCtAL U3L tlNLY !
3.1. Dagi~n pr~requi.eite~ �or ~ hierarchicaJ. '
in�ormation sys~em 142
3.2. The functioning of s data bank 148 ~
3.3. The stru~tuYe of exist3ng data baegg 161
3.4. Data proc~eaing e~chnalogy 166
3.5. Remarks on working with a d~ta bank 166 ~
ChapCer G. Remote Data Proceseing 169 ~
4.1. Ba~~.c probleme in remote proce~ging 169 ;
4.2. The basic functional capabilities o� the '
IBM-3275 display ' 171
4.3. The priacipal capabilieies of conCemporary
general programming softwaYe for remoCe
procesaing ].74
4.4. Th~ organizaCion o� data procesging baeed
on the customer information and control
sygtem 175
4.5. An applied remote procesaing ayetem (an
example) 180
4.6. Remarks on the remote processing of data 186
Appendix 1. 188 ' ~
i
Appendix 191 '
,
Bibliography 198 ~
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'atvo "Statistika", 1978 �
8225
CS0:1870
40
FOR OF~ICIAL USE ONLY
,
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1
FOR OFI~~CLAi, U3E ONLY
PUBLYCATIONS
PROT~C'TING COIrQ~lt1NICATI0N3 FACILITIES FROM HAZARDOUS AND INTERFERING EFFECTS -
Mo~cow ZA3KCHITA 300RUZHENIY SVYA~I OT OPA3NYKH I t~SNAYU3NCHIttH VLIYANIY
in Rusaian 1978 signed to preae 7 Dec 77 pp 2, 286-288
[Annotation and tgble of contenta from book by Mikhail Ivanovich Mikhaylov~
Leonid Davydovich Razumov and Stenielav Alekgandrovich Sokolov, Izdetel'stvo
Svyaz', 288 pagea, 10,000 copies]
[Textj An account is g~ven of key q~eationa relating to protecting communica-
tions facilities from the hazardoue arid interfering effect of LEP's (electro-
transmisaion lines~, electric railroad conCact networks and lightning die-
chargee. The values are given, of permiesible hazardous and interfering volt-
age and current in communication circuits. A technique is given for eatimating
the hazardous and interfering influences of high-voltage linea on communications
facilieiea. A diecuaeion is given of the theory of the pYOtective effect of
varioue piecea of equipment and devicee u9ed in :.ines and in communications
equipment.
This book is intended for engineers and techniciana in communications planning,
canstruction and operating organizations.
CONTENTS P88e
Foreword 3
Chapter 1. Standards for Hazardous and Interfering Effects in Aerial and
Cable Line Communication Networks and Channels 6
1.1. Permissible vAluea of hazardous current and voltage 6
1.2. Permissible values of interfering currenC and voltage 22
Chapter 2. Estimates of Hazardoua and Interfering Influences of External
Electromagnetic Poles on Communication Networks and Chan-
nels 33
2.1. Estimate of the hazardous influence of high-voleage lines on aerial
and cable co~unication lines 33
2.2. Estimate of the interfering influence of a VL [high-voltage line)
on telephone channels 70
, Chapter 3. Measures and Equipment Employed on the Part of VL's and
Electric Railroads to Protect From Hazardous and Interfering
Influences 80
41 '
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1

APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1
F~R OFF~G~AL U3~ Ot~fLY
3.1~ Genergl ~tgtem~nt~ 80
3.2~ ~Protective m~~~ur~e ia thre~-phase VT.'9 and d.c. VL'e 82
3~3. 3moothing unite in d.c~ electric r~ilaey Aubstatione 86
3.4. Draining transfojcmere,conneceQd to a.c. electric raiiroad conta~t 88
n~eworks
3~5~ Reduc~.ng the iafl~ence o� an a.c. e~~ctric railtioad by using a
three-wire 2 X 25 kV ay~t~m wi~h lin~ar autiotraneformere 93
Chapter 4. Prot~cting Communic~tion~ Faciliti~e from the 2nfiuence 94
of Nigh-Voltage Lines 94
4.1. List of protective measure~
4.2. Choice ~f critical route for laying communications linee 98
4.3. Protection by meane of surge divertere 109
4.4. Protection by meane of cutouts 120
4.5. Protective ueer'e equipment
4.6. Protective effect of mgtal cable cladding with Yegard to the 123
influence of high-voitage line~ (tiVN's~
4.7. Shielding effect of inetal cables and other exCended trLree with 162
regard to a magneeic inf lu~t~ce 168
4.8. Protection by ff~:ane of gt~pdown trenaformera ~73
4.9. Ptotection by means of neutralizing traneformere L76
4.10. Protection by meana of isolation transformere
4.11. Protection of aerial communication lines from the hazardoue
effect of three-phase VL's with a grounded neutral wire. by lg2
means of high-po~er aurge divertera
4.12. Protection of communication circuita from hazardoua and inter- 190
fering influencea by means of drain coils
4.13. Protection of aerial line circuita from hazardous and intarfering 195
voltage by meane of choke coils
4.14. Protection of aerial line telephone circuits from the interfering
influence of VL's and electric railroads by cro8~ing wires 198
4.15. Protection of aerial communication linee from hazardoua voltage 199
ariaing in direct contact ~aith VL wires
Chapter 5. Protection of Aerial Linea gnd Communications Equipment ZO1
from the Effect of Lightning Dischargea 201
5.1. Protection of ~ooden supports 211
5.2. Protection of reinforced concrete supports
5.3. Protection of insulators in aerial LS's [communication lines~ 213
5.4. Protection of cable insert and lead-in cable, as vell as of
boosting stationa and ter~ainal atations with an aerial lead-in 213
5.5. Complete syatem for protecting OUP [key boosting sCation] and
NUP (aecondary boosting scation~ equipment in aerial LS linea 222
from hazardous voltage
Chapter 6. Protection of Underground Cable Lines from the Sffect of 223
Lightning Discharges 223
6.1. Liat of protective measures
6.2. Protection of cable lines by means of lightning arresting cables 224
6.3. Protection of underground communication cables from lightning 231
strokes by meana of protective aetiial wires 23~
6.4. Stormproof cablea
6.5. Shielding cables in a polyethylene aheath by means of ground 244
connections
42
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1
~
FOft O~~~CIAI, U~~ Ot~fLY
6.6. 9hi~~Aing cab1~~ by m~ans o~ ~3ni~~ur@ ~3~h~ni~g ~rr~~~~~r~ 2S0
6.7~ Taki~ng ieto aceount eh~ proteceiv~ ~�~~~t of ground~d ra~irogd
, rai.le or a# pip~linee laid neer a cable When ~igh~aing etrik~~ 252
Chapt~er 7. Proteetion of C~b1~ Main ~ou~eing Scgtion ~quipment ~rom
ttazardous and ~nE~rf~ring Vo~~ag~ 25'l
7.~~ Design p~inciple of proeec~ive ey8eem 257
7.2. Key elementg of proeect~ve equ~pmene ue~d in cebie communication
line eqnipmene 259
7.3. gy~~eme far pro~~eein~ @quipmene of diff~r~ne ~ran~mi~~ian ay~e~m~ 263
7.4~ Lightning eh3~lding te~e~ 273
Chapeer 8. Pro~~ceion of Commun~c~tiong F~eiiiti~~ from M~gneeic
3torme 277
8.i. Protection of equipment remote power eupply circuite acco~ding
to the "wire (t~o ~,riree) - ground" system 277
8.2. Protection of aerial and cabi~ line t~i~phon~ circuit~ 281
Bibliagraphy 2~2
~OPYRIGHTs Izdatel'stvo 5v~ya~', 1978
8831
CSO: 1870 _
43
FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY
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APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02108: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100010017-1
FOR O~F~CtAL U3~ ONLY
PUHL~CAT~ON9
VSRSAI. COt~NNICATION IN ARTIFICIAL ATI~3PHSR83
Moacoa RBCKSVAYA 3VYAZ' V ISKU33TV~t1iQYt~ ATMd3FERAKN in Ru883an 1978 signe8
eo pregs ~ Apr 78 pp 2, i44
~Ant~oeation and table of contenee from book by Borig Ivanovich Petl~nko and
teonid 3ergeyevich Butyrekiq, Izdatel'gtvo Svyaz', 144 pagas~
(Textj QUE!St~OriA ~re di~cugsed, relating to the propertiee of epeech eignals
under conditione of a modified gas medium and to technical problema in re-
etoring intelligibility of speech under conditione of deepaater immereion and
epace flights requ~ring the uee of epecial breathing mixturea.
Thig book is int~?ded for epecialists in the field ef communicetions engineer-
ing, acouetica~ engiaeers, linguiets, pyechologists end phy~iologieta involved
in reeaarch on epeech eignala.
CONTENTS Page .
Foreword by the Editor-in-Chief 3
Fore4tord 4
Introduction S
Chaptar 1. Atmoephere of 8nclosed Spacea 7
1.1. An "active" artificial atmoaphere 7
1.2. Pormulas for breathiag mixtures 10
Chapter 2. Featuree of Speech Formation ia Artificial Atmoapheres for
Breathing 20
2.1. Ceneral information regarding a epeech eignal 20
2.2. Source of a epeech eignal 22
2.3. Radiatiou of a speech signal 31
2.4. Transfer function of the apeech forming chaanel 33
2.5. Quantitative estimate of the audio spectrum taking into account
the influence of the source~ the tranemitter and the speech forming
channel 39
Chapter 3. Perception of Speech in a Helium and Oxygen Atmosphere 43
3.1. Naturalness, recognisabilitq 43
3.2. Intelligibilitq 45
3.3. Sound perception 49
44
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3.4~ Information aaatene of ~p~~ch ~ound~ 57
3.5~ Areieu~.a~ioa me~auremente of eh~ ietielligi.bi~3.ty of h~lium-~tmo-
:~ph~re ~peech in diff~rent sectione of Cha spectrum 5~
Chepter 4. Experimeneal Inve~tigaeiong of 3pe~eh 5ound Peram~~~r~ ~.n
Kelium Atmo~ph~r~~ 61
4.1~ G~neral etatempntg 61
4.2. 3pectrum-t3me charac~er~.~e~.ce of ~p~ech 63
4~3. Certain features of audio spectra in a GK3 (helium and oxygen
atmosphere] 78
4.4. Ampl,itude ranges in the apeech eign~l epecrrum 84
4.5. Influence of an artific3al hel3um armosphere on the fundament~l
tone 90
Chapter 5. Reasons for Reduction in Intelligibility of Speech in
Deepwater 3ubmeraion 95
5.1. Shift of formante to high frequencies 95
5.2. Impairment of articulatory ~ction and funceion of the aural ana-
lyxer 103
5.3. Conditions for speech formation and transmiagion 106
Chapter 6. Methode and Equipment for Improving the Qua~ity and
Intelligibility of Speech in a Helium and Oxy~en Atmo-
ephere 107
6.1. Methoda of improving intelligibility ~ithout equipment 107
~ 6.2. Analog convertera of apeech in a GKS 109
6.3. Converters employing diacrete forms of speech repreaentation 118
6.4. Requirements for acouatical equipment for working in a GKS 129
6.5. Comparison of technical methods of improving the effectiveeesa
of verbal cosmnunication in helium atmospheres 131
Conclueion 136
Bibliography 137
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'atvo Svyaz', 1978
8831
CSO: 1870
f
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PUBL~CAT~ON3 . .
UDC 621.372.8
OPTICAL CO1~II~JNICATIONS WAVE(3UIDES
Mogcow VOLNOVODY OP'PICHE3KOY 3VYAZI in Ruesian 1978 eigned to prees 30 Jae ~8 .
pp 2, 3, 168
[Annotetion, tabie of contente and prefece to the book by I.Y. Taumin, Svya~'
Publiehere, Moacow, 3,700 cop3ee, 168 pagee~
[Text] The elemente of eha ~heory and engineeriug of optical band aaveguid~e,
intended for uee in optical communications ayetema~ are preeented. Questions
of signal propagation, Waveguide excitation and ehe principlea of optical
cable deei$n are treated.
The book 38 intended for acientific Workers engaged in desigri Work an and the
' application of optical communications devicea.
Table o~ Contenta
~oreword g
Introduction y
Various Typea of Opticai Waveguides (The~~retical Principles)
1.1. Circular dual-layer Waveguideg 8
1.2. LoW mode waveguides lg
1.3. Triple layer vaveg~iides lg
1.4. Multimode, dual-layer Waveguidee 22
1.5. Cradient vaveguides 27
1.6. Profile aaveguidea 35
Energy Propagation Via Optical ~laveguides
2.1. Losses in the material 3b
2.2. Lossea in low mode Waveguides 40
2.3. The field pattern and energy abaorption in a multimode Waveguide 44
2.4. Inhomogeneities yg
2.5. The influence of inhomogeneities on the field puttern of a
multimode Waveguide SZ
2.6. Lossea ia the protective ~acket of a waveguide 57
46
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2.7. ~~~~r~liz~d p~r~m~e~~~ ~ar th~ inha~n~~~n~~ei~~ in
muleimod@ ~tgv~guid~~ g9
2.g. Lo~~@~ in a~vQ~uid~~ u~i.ng poiym~r m~e~ri~1~ b0
5fgng~ TraaFm~~~~on V~~ f~peie~l Wav~~uid@~
M~ehod~ af ~fl~ly~in~ ~ign~l prop~g~~ion ~nd th~ 3~iei~1
~qu~eion~ 6i
3.2. Pu1~~ ch~ra~C~ri~e3.e~ 67
3.3. Th@ er~ngi~nt ~nd fr~qu~n~y eh~r~ce~r3~eic~ o~ ~.oa mod~ w~veguid@~ 68
~.4. Sign~~ prop~~~eion ah@r~ ~ wave~uid~ ~s ~xcit@d by ~~p~ctrum
of e~rri~r f~r@qu~ncie~ 77
3.5. Th~ tr~a~i~nt eh~r~ee~ri~t3c~ of mu~eimed~ Wav~~uid~~ 61
3.6. Aceoun~ing for d38peral,on in the materiai 83
3.7. R~fi~eeor dietort~on~ gg
Th~ ~xci,t~tion of Opeic~l Wav~guid~g
4.1. Th~ ~p~cifie fegeur~g ~nd ~ondie~ons af optic~i a~v~guid~ ~x~itation 90
4.Z. The ~xei,tation of ioW med~ a~v~guid~~ by g g~micoaductor 1~ser 93
4.3. The ~xcitation of multimode aaveguid~e by ~ li~ht emitting diode 96
4.4. Matching to varioue radi~eion gourc~~ 100
4.5. Excit~~ion of aav~guide~ ~hrou~h the gid~ aall 106
4.6. Picking off the energy from the ~at+eguides 109
Waveguid~ ~undl~~
5.1. The ~pecific feature~ of the application of ~aveguide bundl~e 109
5.2. Bundles of single lgyer and dual iayer aave~uidea 110
5.3. The ~elaction of the number of aaveguides in ,a bundle 118
5.4. The exeitation of aaveguid~ bundl~~ 7,22
~ 5.5. The attenuation of bundles of multimode Waveguides 124
Optical Waveguide Connectiona
6.1. Th~ general chargcteriatics of optieal aaveguide connections 125
6.2. The cdnnections of individual aaveguide~ 126
6.3. Group eonnectors 132
6.4. P~rmanpn~ connections 139
6.5. Machining ehe end faces of vaveguides 139
Optic~l C~b~e
7.1. 5ome of the physic~l and mechanical properties of optical �ibere 141
7.2. Th~ gtructure of gn optical cable 144
7.3. Th~ prinCipal structural designs of optical cabl~s 147
7.4. Cro~~talk 153
~rom~th~ publisherg 156
Appendix 160
Bibliogrephy 164
47
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Pr~f~~~ .
nne of eh~ promi~ia~ er~nd~ ~n th~ d~v@lopm~nt of informaeion ~,ran~mi~oion
~yae~m~ i~ th~ ue~ oE the optical band eE ~~.~~trc~m~gnet3~ t~g~~~. B~~innin~
in th~ middl~ of ehe 1960~a, public~tidng of ehe r~~u1G~ of work dona tn
ehi~ fi~1d ~pp~~r~d in ~n ~xCr~m~iy wid~ r~nge of p~ri,odie~]. 13.eeraeure.
Spe~i~l ~tr~nEinn w~,~ d~voe~d i.n Chie iieer~tuti~ eo eh~ deva~opm~ne of th~
eh~~ry ~nd ~ d~~crf.pei~nn o� d~vi~~~ fer cio~~d opCic~l communic~tions lin~e
u~ing ~p~~ia]: aav~~uid~~. Aima~e ~11 of eh~ publiehed ~n~ter~.~ie on opCic~l
w~v~guid~~ wer~ noe eombin~d eo eh~ n~ee~~~ry ~xtene w3,th ~ commnn ~ppra~ch,
in p~reicuiar, from rhe vi~upoine~ of the d~~ign work on muitichannel opti~~l
communicatione ~y~tpme. A congider~bl~ amount of th~ wbrk i~ og e theore-
tie~1 n~eurp, and ieg r~sulee cannot ~1way~ be ugad di.r~cCly in an engineer-
i~n~ plan. F0~' tI1~6 x@~~Ofl~ the naed ha~ ~r~,~en ~or a gyetemgtized traaCment
c~f ehe qu~~tion~ relae~.~g to eh~ tiheoreeical ~lemenCs of opcical waveguidas,
~h~ trgn~mi~~ion of gignais ~hrough ehem, and their u~ilixation for opeical
edmmunicae3on~.
An ~ttempc ig mgde in ehi~ monogr~ph to ~y~tpm~t~.cally preaent the isaues
indiC~ted ~bov~ to tt~~ extent necesgary for engineering designe, ar least
for eh~ initial gt~g~e, as well es for the Eurther deeper study of literature
in ehir~ field. ~or purpose~ of effectively utilizing the volume o� the
book, interm~digte conclusions (with the exception of original ones) have
been omitted in diacueging individu~l queationg.
Sovfet researchers have made a large and serious contribution to the develop-
m~nt oE thporetical and practical questions relating to dielectric waveguides
in g~n~r~l, ~nd to optical band aaveguid~g in particulaY. Thus, a subatantial
contribution to th~ g~neral theory of dielectric waveguides has been made by
B.Z. Katsenelenbaum, V.F. Vzyatyshev and N.A. Semenov, and in the field of ~
optic~l band waveguides by V.V. Shevchenko, A.S. Belanov and Yu.N. Kazantsev.
A number of separate theoretical questionse as We11 as important experimental
developm~ntnl work in this field, are reflected in the Works of A.M. Prokhornv~
Ye.M. Dianov, D.K. Satarov, V.B. Veynberg, M.Ye. Zhabotinskiy, A.A. Dyachenko
and other res~archerg.
COpYEtIGNT: Izdat~l'atvo "Svyaz 1978
8225
C50:1$70
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PUBLICATION3
TESTS (THEORY, DESIGN AND APPLICATION) ~
Novosibirsk TE3TY (TEORIYA, POSTROYENIYE, PRIMENENIYE) in Ruaeian 1978 aigned
to prese 27 Feb 78 pp 2, 188-189
[AnnotaCion and table of contenta �rom book by Nikolay Andreyevich Solov'yev,
IxdaCel'stvo Nauka, Sibirskoye Otdeleniye, 192 pages;`3,500 copies]
[Text) A preaentation ia made of the key concepes of one of the new divisions
of cybernetics--the theory of tests. Methoda of designing teste are given, and
a diecusaion is presented of their applicaeion for troubleshooting in electrical
circuits and for solving certain problems in identiifying ob~ecta.
This book can be uaeful to specialiats interested in the applied aspects of _
mathematical cybernetica. �
CONTENTS Page
Foreword 3
Chapter 1. Preliminary Information on the Theory of Algebraic Logic
Functiona 5
1. Algebraic logic functions. Key concepts and propertiea -
2. Intrineic dependence of algebraic logic functions 10
Chapter 2. Graphs 14
1. Key concepte of the theory of graphs -
2. Structure of chains in a graph 19
3. Structure of aections in a graph 26
4. Conatructing a matrix of sections and a cyclomatic matrix of a -
graph by means of tranaforms of its matrix of inc~dences 29
Chapter 3. Circuits. Circuit Faults 33
1. Contact circuits. Ke,y concepta and definitions -
2. Circuits implementing elementary symmetric functions 38
3. Definition of circuita consisting of functional elements 40
4. Elementa of the syntheais of ~ecCifying (directional) circuits 43
5. Contact circuit faults. Making tables of faults for contact cir-
cuita 4'
6. Faults of circuits consisting of functional elements 52
49
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. Chapter 4. Concept of a TesC 57
1. Definition of a ~esC -
2. On the maximum number of irredundant Cests 61
3. Computation of the mean number of irredundanC testa and estimating
rheir length 66 ~
4. A].gorithme for designing irredundant tests 68
Chapter 5. Structure of Diagnoseic Testa for Individual Classes of
Arrays and Circuits 75
1. Minimal diagnostic tests for arrays with separated blocks of unita -
2. Strucrure of minimal diagnostic CesCs for cyclic arrays 83
3. Testa for circuita implemenCing elementary symmetric functions 92
4. CompleCe tesC for non-repetitive contact circuiCs 103
ChapCer 6. Diagnostic Tests for Circuit Inputs 120
1. Introductory remarks `
2. Additianal concepta 123
3. Lower eatimate for L(n) 12k
4. Upper estimate for L(n) 12~
Chapter 7. Application of the Theory of Tests to Problems in Identi-
fying Ob~ects 135
_ 1. Identificati.on of visua~ ob~ects � -
2. Identification of geometrical ob~ects 138
3. The "sea battle" 139
4. ApplicaCion of tests to problems in geological forecasting 1.44
ChapCer 8. MetY.ods of Technical Diagnosis for Combinational Networks .
(Networks WiChout a Memory) 148
1. Yablonskiy's general algorithm , 149
2. Finding faults c~f the conatant type by means of an equivalent
normal form 150
3. Shortening the list ~f faulta by means of alpha-state functions 154
4. the d-algorithm 161
5. Diagnosing circuits by means of Boolean differences 175
Bibliography 182
COPYRIGHT: Izdatel'stvo Nauka, 1978
8831
CSO: 1870 END
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