JPRS ID: 8276 TRANSLATIONS ON EASTERN EUROPE SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS

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APPROVE~ FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000'10002002'1-5 ~ ~ i3 FE6RUARY i979 CFOUO il?9) i OF i APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - Jrrzs r~/~3276 - 13 t'~bruary 1979 ~ ~ ~ ~ 1'RANSLAT IO~VS ON ~ASTERN EUROP~ $CIENTIFIC AF~AIRS (FOUO 1/79) . ~ � , ~ U. S. JOINT PUBLICATIONS RESEARCH SE~VICE F0~ OFFI CI AL USE ONLY - APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 NOT~ J~'RS public~~eions cnnt~~in infnrm~rinn prim~rily Erom foreign newspapere, periodinnls ~nd books, but nlso from news agency Cr~ngmissiong nnd broadc~gCs, Maeeri~ls from foreign-language sources are Crttnsl~eed; ehose from ~nglish-langugge sources are Cranscribed or reprinred, wieh ehe original phrasing and _ orher :hAr~crerisrics rer~ined. Headlines, editorial reporCs, and maCerial enclosed in brackeCs [J are supplied by JPRS. Proc~ssing indicaeors such as (TexC] or (~xcerpC] in the firse line of each item, or following Che lasr line of a brieF, indic~re how the original informaCion was processed. Where no processing indicator is given, Che infor- maCion wns summarized or exCrncCed. ilnfamiliur names rendered phonetically or transliterated are enclosed in parentheses. Words or names preceded by a ques- tion mark and enclosed in parentheses were not clear in the original but have been supplied as appropriaCe in context. Other unattributed parenthetical noCes within the body oE an - item origin~te with the source. Times within items are as - given by source. - The contents of this publication in no way represent the pol.i- cies, views or attitudes of the U.S. GovernmenC. PRUCUREMENT OF PUBLICATIONS JPRS publications may be ordered from the National Technical InformaCion Serv ice, Springfield, Virginia 22151. In order- ing, it is recommended that the JPRS number, title, date and author, if applicxble, of publication be cited. Current JPRS publications are announced in GovernmenC Reports Announcements issued semi-monthly by the National Technical Information Service, and are listed in the Monthly Catalog c~f U.S. Government Publications issued by the SuperinCendent of Documents, U.S. Government PrinCing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Indexes to th is report (by keyword, author, personal names, title and series) are available rhrough Bell & Howell, Old Mansfield Road, Wooster, Ohio, 44691. Correspondence pertaining to matters other than procurement may be addressed to Joint PublicaCions Research Service, 1000 North Glebe Road, Arlington, Virginia 22201. APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 i , DI11L10GItAPHIC DA7A 1~ liepott No, SNB~T Jl~lt5 L/827~ ~ ~ZCCI~fIQfIt~9 Arccssiun N~~~ ~ n c nn unit c 5~ kcpart Uatc 7'it~N51~A'1'].ON5 dN LASTI:RN i:UItUI'~ - 5CrLNTIF~IC ArI'AIRS, ~3 Feb~'ua~'v 1979 (FOUO i/79) 6, _ 7. Awhoc(n) 8, l~etforming Orgenir.~:~~on l~epc, nn. _ 9. i~cr(urminR Orgnnizntinn Nrmc �nJ Addtess 10, !'iojcct/'i'ask/u'u~k Unit ;Vo, ,iotn~ I'ublic~rions Resc~rch Servicc " 1U00 Nnr~:ll Glebe RoBd 11~ Cnntrnrt/Grnnt No. Arlington, Virgini~ 22201 ~ 12 Sponsoring Organitation Name nnd Address 13~ Typc o( ncport dt I~criocl Coveted As above - l/. - 15~ Supplrmcntaty Note~ - 16. Abstt~ct~ _ The serial report conCains articles concerhing ehe developmenr of and progress in tt~e various Cheoretical and applied scientific disciplines and tectinical fields; rlnd the administration, structure, personnel, and research plans of leAding Cast European scienCific organizaCions and inseituCions, particularly the t~cademies of sciences. 17. Key Wocds and Uocument Amly~is. 170. deactiptocs International Affairs Scientific Societies Albania Research Management - Bulg,aria Organizations _ x Czect~oslovakia Research - East Germany Hungary ~ Poland - Romania , ~ Yugoslavia 17b. Ideoti(iera/Open�~oded 'terms I - lTc. COSATI Field/Group SB _ 18. Av~il~bility Jtatemeat 19.. Secutity Cl~ss (This 21. o. o( F'aFcs l~or Ofticial Usc Oiily. R~P~rc) 28 ~ . � 1.imi rccl \'umber oC Conies Available From JPRS. � s�~r;sy c ess crn~s 22, N~;� Page FORM NTIf�~e ~~o�~o~ UNCI.ASSIFIF.n USCOMM�OC ~07:)�P)~ APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 F'OI2 OFFICrAL USE ONLY - ~'rpRS L/8276 13 February 1979 TRANSLAtIONS ON EASTERN EUROP~ SCIENTIFIC AFFAIRS (FOUO ~./79 ) CONTENTS PAGE ' CZECHOSLOVAECIA Research Center Plans To Produce Nuclear Reactors _ (Feter Pribyl; NOVE SLOVO, 2 Nov 78) ' 1 Concrete Structures Under Missile Impe,ct Loading (V].adislav Adamik; JADERNA ~TERGIE, No 10, 1978~ 6 ~ - Producers of Automated Equipment Introduce Producta - (Ivan Dohnal; AUTOMATIZACE, No l0, 1978) 21. ~ - a - [III - EE - 65 FOUO] FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 - ~Oit OFFZCLAL U5~ ONLY - C7.ECHUSLOVAKIA r RESEARCH CENT~It PLANS TO PRObUCE NUCLEAR RCACTORS I3ratislava NOVC SLOVO in S1ovAk No 44, 2 Nov 78 p 5 , [Article by Peter Pribyl: "Our Atomic Town--The AcCivity of the Nuclear _ Reseurch Institute in Rez"] [Text~ Since 1957 when the first Czechoslovuk nuclear reactor was put into oper,ltion in Rez near Prague that "atomic town" has become we11 known both in our country and abroad. It is true that since thaC Cime the nuclear research base has spread and our first atomic power plant was built in Jaslovske Bohunice, soon to be followed by V-1 and V-2 nuclear plants. Rez, or rather the Nuclear Research Institute located in Rez, ceased to have a monopoly on nuclear science in Czechoslovakia. Nevertheless, it is sti11 the largest research center for nuclear reactions and a source of incentives in this fie.ld of science which has not been suff3.ciently explored. SaFery Ahnve ~11 - According to the conclusions of the CEMA Permanent Commission for Atomic Energy and according to the program for cooperation of the CEMA member states in the fi.eld of nuclear power, in 1981-1984 Czechoslovakia plans to produce 10 comp].ete reactors for the USSR and 8 for our domestic use. The reactors will be of the VVER-440 type, while higher-capacity reactors (VVER-1000) - will be manufactured in the USSR. From reports in our press on the Czech- oslovak nuclear prog~ram,we are informed how the preparations for the production of components for nuclear reactors have progressed in the Skoda Works in Plzen, in Vitkovice, etc. Although their production is based on Saviet designs, gradual improvements and innovaCions will be introduced _ (they are ~lready being introduced now--in the stage of their ongoing develop- ment) by Czechoslovak technicians and workmen from the manufacturing enter- prises and from nuclear research centers. A"firsthand" impact of the nuclear program is thus felt in Rez. We expect that in the future, after 19$5, the WER-1000 reactors will also be _ ~~roduced in our country, so to say, after some experience with them in the USSR. However, even before that, the experts in Rez will deal with the solution of more urgentand vital problems. _ ~ i FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY I APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 FUR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Among tliem is Che problem of protectin~ the envirnnmenCs of nuclear power pl~nts against accidental breakdown af the reactor. Reactors oper~ein~ ~ itt th~ world are prorecred by such yaFety fetttures Chat in the eslim~ke of experts the probabiliCy of a breakdown is in f,~cC extremely remote; with 1,000 reactors in operar{on in Che world, ~only one nF them would break down in 100 years...Even then; however, r.he contamination which wouLd spread Erom iC would have exrrtmely pernicious and tragic consequences. Therefore, nuclear research workers everywhere ~n the world are working on methods for - prevention of contnmination in case of a real brenkdown. In the WesC such a - solution has been found in so-callecf "full-pressure containment." Soviet experts developed the so-called "bubbling cycle," which includes, among oCher things, an enclosure of Che primary and secondary systems of the reactor in _ reinforced concrete casing. Our researchers developed the system of the so-callsd "double conrainer" around ~'.Ze reactor in which the fission takes ` place. It is bASically an inner steel packing bui1C around Che area of the reactinn, which is wrapped in an ouCer container made of reinforced concrete, with filters between both cyclea, with monitored sealing of both containers, eec. The CSStt offered this soluCion to Che S~viet Union because nuclear power plants are being built there as well as in our country in areas with relatively high density of population, and according to the calculations by our experts, the double container method provides an efficient proCection - agciinst conCamination in such conditions. Grocaing Pains - It is a fact that Czechoslovak industry did not hava to starC from zero in - the implementation of its nuclear program. However, when compared with Che challenges of the traditional steam or waCer power engineering, the ~hallenges " of nuclear engineering are so demanding that they may cause problems during ~he transition to new technologies. For instance, it is absolutely necessary = to rebuild the steel works and to develop completely new types of special steel for the construction of even more advanced model 440 reactors. In that connection the Nuclear Research Institute in Rez has participated in developing steel for the pressure container of thz reactor (it is undergoing tests this year). Alttiougl~ the Nuclear Research Institute has been operating for more than 20 years, it is ~ust beginning, if we consider that the whole nuclear age is still before us. No wonder that i:~ its res~earch work the institute is still encountering problems which may be regarded as its "childhood diseases." However, if such diseases are hot "treated" properly and become chronic and nrorracted, they mighC turn into serious afflictions in maturity. The institute is struggl~ng because of a lack of technical equipmenC to be delivered by the Machinery and Automation Plants, Tesla and other enterprises. ~ 2 - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 ~ox or~~r.crnL us~ ort~Y NaCurally, Eor its highly speci~~lized work ir needs highly apecialized _ inetruments which mu~t be iiulividuFil ly rr~Ptt~d ~r manuFactured tn 1 imi 1 acl LOt3. Tlir Illllilll~'~ICtlll'~Il~ t'll~l`I'41l'~;il`N~ ~1111Jt`Vl`1'~ ~I1't` ~Il~l`1't~;11t~1~ ~II ~tll'~?1` _ quantities becnuse they make it easier Eor th~m to meet tlicir p.l~ne, ~t present the Tesla national enterprise in Vrable h~s designated one of its r planrs for the manufacrure of instruments for nuclear research and the Machinery and AuComation Plants is planning the construcCion of new capacitiea~ - nmong oCl~er Chings, also for the above-mentioned type of equipment. - Moreover, it is encouraging that ~ new reseurch-producrion organization for the manufacture of model and limited-lot equipmenr for nuclear research will be built in Slovakia; iC will be mariaged by the Czechoslovak Connaission for - AComic Cnergy. About 150 employees will work in that center for which space has been provided in Spisska Nova Ves. Un:estrtceed Cooper~ltion The Nuclear Research In;~titute in Rez near Prague has been closely cooperating for a long time with similar institutes in other CEMA countries. _ _ It has cooperated most closely and for the longest time with ~oviet institutions. That is the basis for mosr of the activities in the Nuclear Research InsCitute. The Institute takes parC in supplying--developing, planning, innovating, testing, retesting, calculating, etc--Czechoslovak equipment for the Soviet nuclear program. Thus, for example, it participated in the deliveries of steam generators for the atomic power plants in the town of Shevchenko in the Ukraine. When completed, additional power plants which will be built in that Soviet republic with the aid of other CEMA countries will suppl;? those countries with power. The CSSR is interested in that construction as well as in the purchase of power; pertinenr negotiations and cotisiderations are therefore reflected in the activities of the institute in Rez. Contacts with capitalist partners are taking place within the International ~ Agency for Atomic Energy of which the already mentioned Czechoslovak Commission Eor Atomic Energy is a member. For instance, our neighbor, Austria, has problems similar to ours (a lack of other kinds of energy) and also in*_ez~ds to concentrate more i,ntensively on nuclear energy; it is building a nucZear - _ power plart in Tulln on the Dar,ube. ~iscussions on ~oint air-pollution - control, particularly in tt~e border areas, water control, etc, are under way. 3 FOR OFFICIAL t?SE t~NLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 ~ox oFriczar, us~ orn~Y ~ Only itecir Cor;~ Are Involved 'I'he Nuclear Itesearch TnstiCute is a place for explicitly applied research. - Its achievements affect increasingly more economic sectors and departments. Activities or processes developed in Re2 have ga{ned for our national economy unnual profiCs or savinga amounCing Co tens of millions of Kcs, and that amount - is yri11 growing. I~or instnnce, wl~ile adopting the process of nuclear reaction, a technological method Lor reprocessing,of deterioraCed nuclear fuel was developed; it ia - based on the ~sse of gaseous fluorine and hydrogen fluoride. Moreover, " several "nonnuclear" applications were discovered during Chat process, among _ _ ttiem a facility for cleaning synthetic diamonds. This method has already been applied in the Pramet naCional enterprise in Sumperk. The number of technological processes applying from the very beginning of Che development _ of nuclear Cechnology for nonnuclear purposes is constantly growing. Agricul.ture: The so-�called Dewar's flask used for insemination of cattle are now produced by the machine-trac[or station in Ricany. Food industry: The Nuclear Research Institute irradiated scores of quinCals - of potatoes and oninns for the Research InstituCe of Agricultural Technology - in Prague and for the Research Institute of Food Industry in Bratislava _ to prevent the vegetables from sprouting and thus, Co prolong their storage. Ptushrooms were irradiated from the Mycological Institute in Prague. The ~ radiaticn did not affect thetaste of these foods and substantially prolonged the period during which they stayed fresh. Medicine: Radiopharmaceutical drugs are produced in Rez. Since 1974, the ~ 131-J agent (containin$ iodine) has been distributed in hospitals all over Cr.echoslovakia. This agent has replaced painful examination processes and Eaciiicates more precise diagnosis. The presence of the 131-J radioisotope I~e1ps observe the conditions and function of this or that organ in the human I~o~ly (kidney, liver, etc) . Conservation and restoration of cultural treasures: The so-called bionega- tive effects of radiation are becoming increasingly more useful.in extermina- i tion of ligniperdous insects in valuable wooden artifacts in museums, churches, ~ etc. In j.ts large-capacity radiation source the institute has treated painted panels, wooden statues and other valuable ob~ects of immense financial ~ and artistic value which would be otherwise destroyed by the "ravages of time." In its approach to cultural treasures the institute has found a particularly ~ - resourceful partner in the Central Bohemia Museum in Roztoky near Prague which has built its own radiation chamber with a cobalt emitter for the ~ treatment of precious collections. - 4 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 FOlt OrFICIAL USE ONLY N~zturally,, the Applicntion oE methods ~eveloped in Rez is not spreading uniformiy in every field nnd department. Ie has found rel~tively very rnpicl = appllcnCion in medicine nnd the rubber industry ~s well as in the manufacture _ of cables, while its progress in the chemical industry has been relatively slow. This is somewhat stArrling, since next to mechnnical and power engineeriiig, chemistry is exactly the field from which we shall demand - increasingly larger quantities and higher quality of products, and that cannot be accomplished without modern technology. COPYRIGHT: NOVE SLOVO, nratisl~va 1978 : 9004 CSO: 2402 5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 - FOIt OI~I~'ICTAL USL ONLY , _ CZECHOSLOVAKIA 621.039.584:624.012.46 - CONCI2L'i'E STRUCTURES UNllLR MTSSILE IMPA~P LOADING Pr~~gue JADERNA ~NERGI~ in English No 10, 1978 pp 362-368 - [~rt.icle by Vlc~dislav Adamik, Power Researc}? InstiCute, Jaslovske' - - I~ohunice J - ['l'ext~ A theorelicccl com�pulatio~tal approa.ch !o allow prediclioii of da~rtar~e i~ti rei?ifurced - co~tcrele znafG4 irndrr a.xi.vy~nmelric tiriiysile inaprccls is outli~aed. Sl~ecial ro�li~ee�s defi~:i~:~ ihc co~i~rcfe� Lehauioar d~u�i~tq lhc i��ip�c! have Gecn inte~~~alcd i~a llae lu~o~dr�ac~?.siatul - I.a~ran~itt~~ rode CI;F'1lA uaul tlie aclcttlalio~z of llre in~p~acla for ~io~tdefurmaGle ~rtissiles has Le~n p~erjornre~l, Tlae resulls receal thal Ihe lhcoretical modcl ts ~rcdiGle ~t~td ~�akes _ po,ssi6le lo ~real iuifla fhe approprirc~e accirrac~ Uie other sinailar rroGlents of ea�l1�e~1te ' conlai~imci~l loads willii~z ~he wholc r~i~i~e iolaicl~ is ~~eeded for the reaefor safct~ pruyrnn~�r.e. F i. irr~rr~ovvcTIO~T Nuclear po��r.r plat?te are commonly l rotected b,y _ reinforced conerete' ~tri~ctures. Irnproeed building dcaign t,o r~sist impact dama~c, from poasible mis9iles or oxplosiona, requires quantitative predictione of datnngc in thc rr.inforced concrete from I~ostulated - miRSil~q, in the velucitv rangca of intrrest, The existing - rt~sull,:~ al>out iin~?act loadings con,siyt of empirical penctrntion ~quati~~ns, dcri~�~d from I~igh vclocity - dnln ~;~titliered for ordnunce ~pplication9, Such infor- - mat,iun has lin~ited ~�iLIUC 1PI11'n extrup~>luted outside thc r.xpari~uentul bc~unds, a~ it is ~ieedrd for the reactor = safet,y l~rugrammc. _ Tho scopo of this papcr is the theoreticnl study of th~ rcinforcrcl coneretc ~tructurea bchu~~inur w~der . . rnia9ilr. iml~nc6 londin~. Th~~ local drfurrnation9 in all direcliana, lh~ pluvticit~�, nll thc fuilurc~ nnd tl~c etress _ ~~nvcrH At aurruttncli~~gv of th~� itn~~net ~ono are tnl.cn into consicl~~rutinn, As, it is ~upposed tli~t thc iin- paclin~ timo is el?~rt in com~~nci:~on to tlic in~~crse ' of tl~o fundnmcntal cigc~nfrcqucncy of thc atructure, - � tha intpactcd zone ~vith its surroundings havc bcen isolatcd from t�hc totnl structurc. Sp~cial routinc5 defii~in~ thc concrete Uehaviour ~ ~lurin~; the i,mpact I?a~~e bcen dcreloped and inte~rn- tccl in thc lu�o�dinicnsional I.ngrunginn codc C~rRa 6 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY - APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 ~ I ~ FOR OI~rtCTAL USC ONLY - ~ I( nn~l I.liu ~~nl~~uli~l,iui~y ul' Ili~~ iiu~~unlH fur ~~uu~l~~furiii� _ ul~l~' 1111NNIII~v liu~~i~ lu~i~i? ~luu~~ ~ui~l I li~, roHUll,y t~u~it~?nrrtl ~~~il.li l,lu~ u~~u~ritu~vit. _ 'l. 'I`1I1~; 'I'I11~:O121~;'I'fCr1I. 111On1~21. - Ul~' (.UNUltI~:'1'1: 'I`Iro mnt~riul mod~~l fnr thc; conci'Ct0 ~VI11CI1 Iq qU~)� = jeclc~l io thc higli ci?crg,y im~~nct piuyt includc nut onlv _ eluatio Atlfl 1)IR4t10 rc~girnt but nlvo all rcal Lypes of c~ncr~~to fuilurc mucl~~s. Thc modr.l pr~seniccl licrc ' ~ a~:~sumcy thnl, tho ~l~~fc~rmntionq nnd stresscq of the _ cnncret~ enn I~c al��nyy cx~iretiscd by n h~~~lrostatic - nnd deviator c~inj~onents �~ith tho nssumption of isotr~l?io l~rhnviuur of tho r.cmcretc. l.i~ienr re~i~n. I.inr,nr clnylic coi~atitutive equutiona ur~,; ' J, = 3KI1 . ~ et =�fte~; i= 1, 2, 3. (1) I:In~t ic; tii~rfaco h for concrete deri~~cd li~~ Ottoqen [2] - is uscd; - h = ~i~~`L.O.v~)a -I- Ss~~0.23G.o~)a- 1 , - If h S 0 tl~en t}~o strcascs urc in tho clastio rnnge _ (hut thure is yome restriction whcn tensile stresses ~~eei~r, sc,e failuro cluo to tenvilo stresses) und if h> 0 _ pluyt,icit~~ will occur. , - 1'las(ic rcgio~~, 1~'ur titres5es be~~und the elnstie limit, the vun blises yicld critcrion ia employed: Sa - 1~3ao = 0 (3) _ whc~ro vo is a function of the hydrostotic pressure p (Dlohr�CoulomL ~�ielcl model is t~sed). . ~llorles nf fuil~cre. Gencrnlly threo t3-pea of the conerete - failurc~ n~ust bc tnken into considcrution: - _ a) cracl;ing - fuilurc c.wsed by tensilc stresse9 after ~~~hicli the gnj~a ge~ierntcd are not filled n~itii frncture segments, . = L) fuihiru cluc to Hhr.ar dcformntion - thc failuro - cuuscd uy 9hcar deformation after _ ~~~l~ich gaps nre immediatelS� r~i~a ~~~cn _ - frncttiro yegments and tho fuilured - ~ concreto bcha~ es like dry sand, c) cruyhing - the fuilurc duc to t�he grnins reordening, _ ~Q115C,1 ~~y the high l~ydrostat.ic pressuro an~~ }~y tl~c porosity of thc concretc; - ~ cf~ccty of this fa~ilure nre tl~e samo as in the fiiilttro mode b~, 7 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 FOK O~rTCIAL USE ONLY - '.L'I,~ fuih~ro tnodc~ nrc~ det~riuinecl by ueing tho ~ �uiluru Aurfneu of Ottosen ['lJ, eco fig, 1; ' !1, SQ~Op' dS'; ~ ~a~ jJ,J~~~C - 1 = 0 - tvhurn ~ _ ~ - li 1 cos {1/3elrcos (Kz cos 30)} , . , cos 3U ~ 0 - Ki cos{n~3 -1 J3 Arcoa Kz cov 30)} ~ ~ - .,.cos30y~~' . II `'oc~ ~ _ _ ~ AI f~r~l I - i~'~.\.~, ,A 16c~ - ~ ~ ~ ~ . `~10 / - - mis~ile ~ tm /naan /c~QAn Btm bbdb bdb6 bbbd fht rein~orcemtnt ure0 - ~'i~;. (i. 'I'hn ~;r~nnclr~� ~~f ex i~ri?nent (b~ nncl tho dotail ~if lho rcin~~~rcernont mit.tilt i disc 1= ~ ~ - - - N 16aStm / iq. 7. Thr ~n~~d~�1 us~~l fur tJ?c CJI~.rRA codo = 'I'h~� m~~Yt im~~urtaut r~vuNs ~~f thc cr~~criment and ~ nf Iln~ c~nlc~~luti~m ur~~ ~hu~vii in tlic li~. 8. '['liaro ato thc ~IiY~~luci~m~�nly ~,f the im~ia~~t, nr~�n nv thc function ~?f lh~� 1.'sii~~~.'I'hr li~;iir~~ til~~i~~�a };u~~~) iigrr~~nicnt I~etwccit Ihe ~�x~~crimci~t nn~l thr, rnlculuti~~n fur tho whulc 13 - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 I~'dtt U1~ I~ IC IAL USL dNI~Y ?0,0 - ' ~ixr'Cf~INCNT ~ crr~~ ~ ~ ~ ia.o ~ ~ o o.oo i.o ~.o ~~1 - tlNf [ms~cJ ~iK, 8. 7'lio ~liHplncrini~ut uf tl~n diHC center. 7'ho enmpn� rir+on liof,~~~c~n 61to exruriinci~t an~l tl?a C~i'ItA ociclo . ' inlcrvnl uf 3 mr+cc. Thc Rrcatc~vt ~rror wliich ncettre a6 Limr, G(10 ~~,ecc ie aUnttt ~(~%I~ut thc general ehn~ie ia eimilnr anci ~~uluc~Y nrc �~itliin thc intcr~~al uf error of aj~ruxiinntc~ly lU �/,,,'1'hc grcat initiul crror may bo cauerd l,t� tho fuc1, thnt ~luring thc cnleulnl,ion thc etccl rei~ifurci~mc~?L ia nmcared in evcry ~une ~vithout takin~ into accntuit that tlic expcrinuntal elab l~nd not thc stccl bnr� alnng thc roordinate z. Also thc = ehenr etrasscy ces~iecl, to the mixyile wcre ignored while the penctrnti~n i~ dcep enough. ln tho fig. ~ thcre are di~plnycd thc ~�elocitics fi~r tlie �~nll in ~~nrious timra. 7'hc ~;rcat dcfocmntion i~i thc r~~gio~~ ncar to thc~ im~inct. cnn bc ubacn�ed. The ~otuidary rc~giun ia l~rur.ticull~� ~~�ithout ]nrgc diaplu~e� menl,. - 1n th~~ fig. 10 tho ~?ropn~;ution of thc cuncretc fuilure _ m~~dcr+ iK illuwtratcd. '1'lic front fuce of the ~~~all �~a~ dr.Htructccl I~ycom~?rc~.~ion nud othcr pnrt of thc ~call fuilyd 1?,y criicking. In tlic fi~;. 11 nnd 12 t,he ahcur 9trea~crv arc displayed �or ~ho zoi~cy 13 nnd C rcyliccti~�el~� (scc fig. 7 fur idenl,ificntiun), - lii thc zonc I3.th~~rc is high po9itice shcar stress ; (maximuin 7G.0 1fI'u) ul~ tn tl~c timc flQ0 �sec and ~ after thnt it ie practirnll~� xcro, lt is ciue to thc ven ~ fast initinl comprr~.~ion ~,f thc a�all centcr whilc aftcr thnt tinie the ~~~hnlc c~~ntral ~~nrt hos the name displa cemenL '1'I~e rcyi~tonce to the im~act must Ue nfter thnt l,inu~ rro~�i~l~vl th~ ~hcnr ri~Kiqlnn~c of thc outcr pnrl of lhc ~~�all.'1'hi:c ~~Rcct ~i~n~� l,c sccn in thc fig. 1`l. In th~� xnnr. C th~~ initinl ~hcnr vh�~~~.ti ia ~i littlc ncgaticc due l~? t hc ~q~i~cr mnvemcnt ~~f t hc spnlling rrgion which i~ ncnr to thc zone. Aitcr nhout ~100 �scc thc ~ shenr stn:cq bccorn~~v ~u~siti~�c n~ith mnxi~num 3.2 1fPn. l~+ 4 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 , ~UEt dl~'I~'ICIAL USL ONLY ~'hu fimr. hiatui~~~ ~~f tlu+ c+liri~r Ktrrqe~~s on thr. fwun� dury iq ~~rry~ im~inrtn~~t if thr. ~luluil hclin~~inur of tlia r.um~?lc~tu dtructur~~ (a~r rnn 811~1~1U:ICd tl~nt tlu~ di~c i~ cii~ly iy~lalo~l ~iurt uC cnntuinnu~~~t atructut~c~) iv tn bo ~tudird. ~'Vc; rnn culculutr. ii~ thi~ enao thc~ tntnl _ forcc dun tn lhr ++hrnc Htrrn:sc~a ~~n thc buundar~~ nnd ` ' mm~uth itg liiatc~i;y in n~~~n~~ t.hnt iu~~iul4o rr.mnius lhe Nni~ir, 7'ha sninothed curve rnn he thrn t~vcd aq an input f~~r u d~~nnmic nnal~~:siy nf tl~c ~t~hol~ etructura - ~ � ~ , . . . . , 'D V~~ a...,........ _ , ~ _ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ . . . . . . , r:, ~ V , , . . . . . . . , - ~fV~v~~,, . . . . . V V ~ ~ - V;~ n ~ , . . . ~ ~ : � . - Q ~ ~ , , . . . . VYv(] v a ' . . . . tl ~~v~~0v ~ ~ ~ , . . . . . . v~~p~~,, ~~v ~~-,~a~~~~::::::: U ~ ~ ~ � ~ . . . . . ~f~~ ~,C/ . vV~~VvV v''' ~v`~1v, e a ~ , , . V `C~~~ ~ _ ~~v.� v~ ~ a ~ , . J~,~~V ~ ~I v ~ ; , . . . . . . V`7 ~ ~ o, ~i~'l~~vaa~ a ; : : . . ~ ~~`~~~d~~~ ~ v i~ i{~. 9. 7'hrt ~�clr~rif iry ~livplnv. � Umn u.7 m nec, uu?s. vclocfly :,i.l tnlHCC; L) l~mo 1.1 nu+co,ma=. ~�~~Inct~r ~.r.:l i,~'~~�r; r.) lin?~ Y.1 ni+~~~. mnt. ~�clocitp ]J.J mleca; dl Uino'!.n i~w^c, ~nnx. ~cluuflr 2.;.1 ntleco ~5 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 _ ~ox n~~rrCrnt. usL d~.,Y Willi Ilu+ N~ui~n~ (u I~~NI Ih~+ Hluliilil,~~ ~il' Ili~~ Nlrucl~ur, ' Wn I~i~li~~~~i~ Ilii~l Iliir~ n~~~~run~~li iy ~~uiii~i~~li~i?I, if Ilu~ ~?ul~~r ~~uiliun uf tlu~ ~li~c iy ~~liny,,u H~~ tlml. un r~i~;nilic~ui6 _ ~Iir+~ilur,t~nu~ul. ~u~~~iu~ tu~iu~ ti? tlii+ I~uuiuliu;~~ tluriiu; thn - Liiiiu iul~~t�~~ul uf iiil~~~~~wb ni~~?~~u.~~~l i~i~~ilic~itlv - alvu tlu~l lli~~ itu~~ui~lin~; tiiur i:+ yliurt in ~~uiu~~uriyrii tu Ilu~ in~~~v,r uC Ilu~ fun~lunu~iitul i~i~;rnl'r~~yui~ni;~~ uC t,hu ~~~h~?lu Nlriu~l~u~~~), ll~ir~~ut~i~r, tli~~ r+uti~t,y fur,tui~'3 ur Nrenl~r cnn I~~~ u4~~~1 Cur tlir. yin~?~~llircl rur~~c~ ln ol~taiti tlin tlri~~in}; fnrc~: fwi,~liun li?r ~e d~~~inmiu nnnlyaie ' af tho ~vli~~l~~ atruclurr. , ~ _ ' . ~ ~ 1 - c) ~ 1 . 1'~ _ cAUS?r,NC ~ :.;1 V T~ 1 T~, b) :r~cn~NC l, - - ~.ti, - ~ - . s _ : . :i , - - - - i ' ;i ~ d~ i;% ? - - ~ - : t'~'� ' I~i~. I~1.'I'lu� ~~rn~m~i~li~m nf thr cnnrrrd~~ failuro. n) llme i~.T uaca; b) tliuu 1.1 mycc: llu~a ~.1 mnrr; d)llmo R.N - IIINI'U 16 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 ~ H'nEt UH'N'LGIAL l15~: ONLY 'I'lu~ c~rnl~~ ('I~;I~'It,\ iuilu?nu~i~~nli,~' ~;~~~uvnli~4 Ili~+ furcu n~ul ini~nil4~~ 1ii41nr,~~ ~ui Ili~~ I~nuu~lnr~~ iuul Ihc i~~~,~ultp fur f.lu~ Nlu~liivl i~nvr ur,~ in li~;, I;1 iuul I~1,'I'he r~~yully c?f Ihn exp~~riii~~~nt iu~~~ nlr+u incliul~~~l, '1'lu~ i?~;i~~~~~ii~c~~t l~ut,wc~~n Ilu~ nuvi~in~~~il I~u~uulur~~ I'urru n~ul Ilir rul~~ul,i� t~tl ont~ iy ~~uit~~ ~;~?cul, 'I'lu~ tv~lrulul~~~l furi~u ~w~~illut~~y nlu~ig thr, t~~~u~rinu~nti~l r~~~ult.y l,u~ tlir� ti~ii~~ liiytn~~~~ of irnln~lye iy g~~ud, 7'ho natare of tlic oycilntionq �rom fi~!, 13 is not only ph~~airnl Uut. nlxo comin~tntiunnl, it iq �~lenr that tho atrnin gnu~;ca, Scr. ti~;. U, anu~c,thed ~y thcir incrtiu _ lhe ~u~u~il,lr 4hnr~i ~~~nlcy u�thr, furcc during thr, experi� _ ntrnt, On thr. uthrr hnnd thr. ~nhitiun b~~ ti~n CI:1~'ItA - c~i~le in li};, 13 contniny nlyo nrtiliciul oycillntions a~liich , n~HUlt~il from fho rrnckin~; fnili~rc Hnc~me uaecl, ~Ve r+u~?~w,~~cl ii~ chn~ifrr thnt ~~~I~rn fhe trnsile atrc~.v ~~scci~~ly n limil, ~~uluc thr ~~~h~~lc xoiu~ c~f intrrc5t Hudden If1;iIH II4 4II'ei~~;lli. Tllly IlR4Ut11l1Hot1 19 !l ROUPCC OP (I19�~ _ cnntiimitic~y, ln tlie CI~~l~lt~1 codc thrs~ ~liyr,c,ntinuitics - nrn d~im~~c~d I~y thc uac c~f nrti(icinl ~'a~~icr-Stokes ' ~~iacoyity l~ut thr, proUlrnt ahould l~c tho object of tho - nexE rc:+cnrch. It inu4t� l,c noticr~l thnt cx1icriment choac~i is tho ~~i~qc uf im~?uct a~ith th~~ gri~nt fiiinl licnctration depth. '1'h~~ c+x~icrin~ri~tn) ~~enctri~tion ~I~~1?th ~vn9 13 cm whilo +?crnr~lin~; to thc; CLI~'RA coclu it is la em (NDRC fi~rmiiln ~?f USA gi~~cy l l,fi cm). l~ett~~r r~~yulty cun be nchiet~ed if wo respect the - uniyotrut?~� uf thc ytcel rcinfuccement nncl the xhcnr atrrs~cy respect to thc missilc. - 4. ('ON(,I.USION3 In tlia ~npcr tl~c tl~coreticnl modcl for reinforced cuncrctc ~cith crnclcs propugi?t.ion hns becn dcscribed e,~ _ ~ ~ ~ 40 ~ ~ ~ _ :-e � vf _ - 0 , , - ~S ' _ "f___ os o.s ~,2 ra ?ti ~.o TiME (msrtl I~i~. I I. '1'ho Hhcnr ytr~ys liivtury in the zono B(eeo N'ig. 7) - 17 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 L~'Ok Oi~ l~ tC1~AL U5L dNLY 9? i ~!6 ~ - ~ ~ � - ~ J ~ ~ -16 -32 -....--r----r----r---,-------i 00 0,6 11 f,d ?.4 9.0 ?IH[ (msec) l~'ik. 12, 'L'h~ r+hear Ntrev~ l~istnry in tho r.ono C(soa l~~~q, , _ ? CElRA ~ . ~ I o ,I I - ~ ~ , , _ , ~ ~ (aMAr,4tN~ . ' -1 ---T--~ --,--r 0 . ~0 70 J.0 IIM( (mut: I~ i~;. I n. 'I'h~� lii~t~~r~~ ~f h~~un~lnry forco ~ nnil llu~ r~~:+uliv uf tlu~ m~clcl fnr tho eepcriment ~eilh tlu~ r~~i~ifi~r~i~~l ~+Inl? hnt~r lu~c~~~ intro~luced. IL lii~4 I~i~~~i~ li~un~l Ilir~t tlic c~~~le CFJ[~'JtA is ni~~~lic- . ~~bl~~ tu i~nlc~ulutr ri�itli,(icull~' nul. only loc�nl miavilo ' - ~�Ili~~�tr+ Init nl~~~ Ih~~ :+Iruclurnl r~~:+~~on:~c of thc tnrget. _ 'I'lir c~~~le crnn lu, u~~~~l f~n� ~;r~~nl ra~~~r uf t~~i~.yilc rrt~liua, nu~~:+, +ui~l vt~l~?city. - :1'ho oodc cnn bo ~~r,~d in tlro f~itorc for thn Iiurposc af nuclrar r+nfct.y nnnl~�aie i~~ fhc ficlci9: - locnl imI?ncl ~~henomenn duc to Uic LOCA neci� dcn~, tiurl~ino nrciclrnt and vnriouq extcrnnl itnpactA - on tho conlaininent, aircrnf6 crnsh and anuly~eie of thc containment rce~?onsc, ~ r. 18 ~ FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 P'Ok O1~1~'iCrAL USL ONI,Y rcelu�~Ne e?f thn coiiluinu?u~t lc~ cutn~fned uxlret?t~ oxternal ovci?lg, - - 0.1 CRPfR1~IfNT 0 � _ ~ K CEfRA ~ ~ -OJ ~ 'S _ -0,? - -Q3 --r---.----�----..._,.._,_,_~ 0 1,0 ?.0 3,0 TIMf fmaec] 2~'ig. 14, Tho hiptory of tho impulso for tho boundary - . foroo - NOMENCLATi1ItE ~ Slre~aes and alraina , ' ol ~ vo, a~ prinoipRl strceses (teneilo stresv . poeitivo) - uniaxinl comprcesivo oylinder strongth (a~ > O) u~tiaxial tenailo etrength ~'e - biaxiul compressivo atrength - ~o - yield stress � c� t~, t~ - prine:pal atrains (elongation po- _ eitive) ei - oi - l/3J~ principal etre~a deviators - e~ = ei-1/311 prineipal etrains deviatore Inunrianle ~ Jl ~ : ~1 oa a~ invarinnts of tho stress = 1/2(0; oi o;) tensor ` 1/3~Qi QY -f- va) S~ = 1/2(S; S~ S;) _ = 1/~C~Q~ - dz)' -f- invariante of tho stcees (o~-o~)'-}- (o~--o~)~] dc~�iator tensoc S, = 1/3(S; S~ S;) = = J~ 2/3J1J, 2/27J; - l~ ~ f~ ts t~ in~�nriant of tho strain tenaor ~ ~i/ulerirtl parr~~n~lcrs . tnotlulus of claatici6y Y - Pui~on's rntio 1?~ = 1%/(~{(l - 2~~)] - bulk ~uoduluy f~~ ~ --1.nlnu ~unstants 19 - FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02/08: CIA-RDP82-00850R000100020021-5 APPROVED FOR RELEASE: 2007/02148: CIA-RDP82-44850R000100024421-5 _ ~OIt Ol~"FICIAL l15l: ONLY ~1tl,wc~'Nu.~tcuu,v - 30 ;~ys~i , s~ls:''z ~ W' ~r/~a ~ _ --~1~JJi hydroetntio pro~surc~ _ ~euA ~ CtlIlUH1UI1 Bll'C~g _ v H1ICUIRO VU~Ut11C Q (~C1191ty _ d IIICCCI11CI1~ h'r; i= 1, 2, 3 - tho mcasureg of ~ho cracks oj; ti= 1, 2, 3 mociificci prinoipnl atrcayea - A(7ICNO~VI,I~;D(}~l~irN'1' Tl~ix work waa dono duriiig tl~o authnr's fullowship _ pariotl in CSN Cnvucciu, Italy. Thn author ~~~ould lil:o to thanlc ing. Giussoppo Toma~sef,~i frorn 1tAD~RSI uf CSN for many useful dieousaiona, t+uggc:+tions, hcl~~, ,and encouragement tl~roug}?oiit this etudy~. - Roforuncos � [1J ADADif IC, V.: llynninic IZos [~oneo of Fust Renetor Priinnry Cuntninment, 3~~ S~fili,T Cor.furanco, Lon- don (Sc~~?tembur 107L). [2] OT't'OSI~:N, N. S.: 1~'iiiluro nnd ~'laetici~y of Concre� I,o, Ii150�bi�1A~J1 (1U76). � [9J ICUI'1~ 1~:IZ, H. et ul,: Eiol?nviour of Concr~to undor 13iaxiul Strosrios, �Jour. uf Au~. Coucr. Ine." (Auguet 1900). ~4] bfAl~:NC;NI~:N, - SACti, S.: T}to TFNSOR - Coda, UC;1tI.�7;116 (lUd3). [G] AT7'Ai.A, f. NU~VO'I'NY, li.: 1lfiasilo Impact on a Roinforcocl Concroto Structuros, �Nucl. Eng. nnd Dca." 37 (107(f). ' - [t3] C30I.DSTI~IN, S, et al.: Study of tho Perforation of Roinforcecl Conereta Slubs by Rigid Diissiles - Fxperirnontal Stiidy, P~rt III, �Nucl. Eng. nnd 1)es." 41 (1977). Itoculved FoL.uniy 28Eh 1078 _ Adamlk, V. 7'cor~llr.kii Hludle 3,cl~zobolonov~~c1~ koiistrukcf pi~l rl~zov6m znlf~enf ~�r~l'enf~m pl~ci:w~tem V blduku jo pops,tn tcuret.ieky pi�istu~, ktcry do~�olujo - ptodvftln6 ~w~k~~�r.enf iele�r.obetonaevch stdn pci oso~�~ _ eymo6rickdm ~lopndu vr�'r.rnulw pccdmi:tu. Specidlni iodpc~~~;r~uny~, dr(inujici cl?ov~tni betontt b